# Cancel an application
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/applications/cancel-an-application

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /applications/{id}/cancel
Cancels an application that is currently under review (`status: "processing"`). Applications in any other status (`pending`, `approved`, `rejected`, `cancelled`) cannot be cancelled. Cancelled applications cannot be resubmitted; create a new application instead.



# Get an application by ID
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/applications/get-an-application-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /applications/{id}
Retrieves the full details of a single application. Use this to check the current status of an onboarding or feature request submission.



# List all applications
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/applications/list-all-applications

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /applications
Returns a paginated list of applications for the authenticated organization. Applications track onboarding submissions, feature requests, and their review status. Filter by status, type, or customer to narrow results.



# Discover onboarding requirements for a country
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/customer-onboarding/discover-onboarding-requirements-for-a-country

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /onboarding/requirements
Returns `fields[]`, `documents[]`, and `individualRequirements[]` for the given `country` (alpha-2 or alpha-3, normalized server-side; response always echoes alpha-3). `documents[]` is a checklist of what to collect; the integrator uploads each via `POST /v2/documents` (file only) and references the returned ids at submit time.



# Submit a customer onboarding application
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/customer-onboarding/submit-a-customer-onboarding-application

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /onboarding
Call `GET /v2/onboarding/requirements` first. Each entry in `fields[]` carries a JSON Pointer at `fields[].pointer` (e.g. `/businessInfo/taxId`) describing where the value belongs in the submission body; strip the leading `/` and treat each segment as a nested key (`businessInfo: { taxId }`). Upload each required document via `POST /v2/documents` (file only; no type declaration needed), then pass the returned `doc_...` ids in top-level `documentIds[]` (customer-level) and `ownership.persons[i].documentIds[]` (per-person, flat). The AI classifier resolves doc canonical types at review time.



# Get a customer by ID
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/customers/get-a-customer-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{id}
Retrieves the full details of a single customer, including their business or individual profile and active features.



# List customers
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/customers/list-customers

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers
Returns a paginated list of customers belonging to the authenticated organization. Customers are created after a successful onboarding application. Each customer has a type (business or individual) with the corresponding profile populated. Supports cursor-based pagination and filtering by type.



# Submit a customer update application
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/customers/submit-a-customer-update-application

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/updates
Post-onboarding KYC update. Body shape matches `POST /v2/onboarding` (partial: send only the fields you want to change). Discover the available fields via `GET /v2/onboarding/requirements` with the customer's country; the update flow reuses the CUSTOMER_ONBOARDING rule set.



# Get a document by ID
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/documents/get-a-document-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /documents/{id}
Retrieves metadata for a previously uploaded document. Does not return the file contents; use the download URL for that.



# Get a download URL for a document
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/documents/get-a-download-url-for-a-document

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /documents/{id}/download



# List documents
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/documents/list-documents

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /documents



# Upload a document
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/documents/upload-a-document

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /documents
Uploads a file and creates a document record. The AI classifier determines the canonical document type at review time; the integrator does not declare it. Optional multipart fields: `purpose` and `name` (human-readable label). Maximum file size is 10 MB; the request may contain at most 16 multipart fields in total. File type is determined by inspecting the file's contents — the `Content-Type` header and filename extension are advisory only.



# Discover feature requirements for a customer
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/features/discover-feature-requirements-for-a-customer

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/features/requirements
Same response shape as `GET /v2/onboarding/requirements`, resolved as a delta against what the customer already has on file. `country` echoes the customer's registered country. Returns 422 `ONBOARDING_NOT_READY` if the customer has no business record yet.



# Submit a feature request
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/features/submit-a-feature-request

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/features
Call `GET /customers/:customerId/features/requirements` first. Send dynamic data under `fields` (nested objects, NOT dotted keys). Upload each required document via `POST /v2/documents` (file only) and pass returned ids in `documentIds[]`. `asset` is required for VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT.



# Cancel a pending order
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/orders/cancel-a-pending-order

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /orders/{id}/cancel
Cancels a pending order, releasing any in-flight source reservation. Already-cancelled orders return 200 (idempotent). Orders in terminal states (accepted, failed) return 409.



# Create an order
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/orders/create-an-order

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /orders
Creates an order for a supported source and destination currency pair, including pricing and recipient validation. Returns 202 with the order in its pending state.



# Execute a pending order
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/orders/execute-a-pending-order

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /orders/{id}/execute
Reserves the customer's source funds and starts the conversion workflow. Returns the order with executionTrigger=CLIENT; the workflow finalizes status to ACCEPTED asynchronously and emits order.succeeded when done.



# List orders for the authenticated organization
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/orders/list-orders-for-the-authenticated-organization

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /orders
Returns orders created by the authenticated organization with cursor pagination and optional filters.



# List required recipient fields
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/orders/list-required-recipient-fields

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /orders/requirements
Returns recipient fields required for the requested order route before creating an order.



# Retrieve an order by id
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/orders/retrieve-an-order-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /orders/{id}
Returns a single order that belongs to the authenticated organization.



# API Conventions
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/overview

Patterns and conventions used across the Conduit API

## Versioning

All endpoints are prefixed with `/v2`. The version is part of the URL path, not a request header.

```bash theme={null}
GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers
```

## Request Format

All request bodies use JSON (`Content-Type: application/json`), except file uploads which use `multipart/form-data`.

## Response Format

All responses return JSON.

* **Dates** are ISO 8601 strings in UTC (e.g., `2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z`).
* **Nullable fields** are explicitly `null` in the response — they are never omitted.
* **Empty collections** are returned as `[]`, never `null`.

## IDs

Resources use prefixed IDs (e.g., `cus_abc123`, `app_xyz789`). The prefix identifies the resource type:

| Prefix | Resource                 |
| ------ | ------------------------ |
| `app`  | Application              |
| `cus`  | Customer                 |
| `doc`  | Document                 |
| `org`  | Organization             |
| `ord`  | Order                    |
| `txn`  | Transaction              |
| `usr`  | User                     |
| `vac`  | Virtual account          |
| `vrf`  | Verification             |
| `wda`  | Webhook delivery attempt |
| `wdl`  | Webhook delivery         |
| `wep`  | Webhook endpoint         |
| `wlr`  | Whitelist recipient      |
| `wlt`  | Wallet                   |
| `wsg`  | Wallet signer            |

## Pagination

List endpoints use cursor-based pagination. Pass query parameters to control paging:

| Parameter   | Default   | Description                                                      |
| ----------- | --------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `cursor`    | *(none)*  | Opaque cursor from a previous response. Omit for the first page. |
| `limit`     | 20        | Maximum results to return (1-100).                               |
| `direction` | `forward` | `forward` or `backward` relative to the cursor.                  |

All list responses use the `{data, meta}` envelope shown above. `meta.mode` is `"cursor"` or `"offset"` depending on the endpoint.

```json theme={null}
{
  "data": [...],
  "meta": {
    "mode": "cursor",
    "nextCursor": "eyJpZCI6ImN1c18yeFBxTjhSIn0",
    "previousCursor": null,
    "total": 42
  }
}
```

Use `meta.nextCursor` as the `cursor` parameter in the next request to fetch the next page. When `nextCursor` is `null`, there are no more results.

<Note>
  Cursors are opaque strings. Do not parse or construct them manually.
</Note>

## Errors

All error responses follow [RFC 9457](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9457) (Problem Details for HTTP APIs):

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "VALIDATION_ERROR",
  "title": "Validation Error",
  "status": 400,
  "detail": "The field 'email' is not a valid email address.",
  "resolution": "Check the 'errors' array in the response for specific field-level issues and correct your request payload accordingly.",
  "docs": "https://conduit-v2.mintlify.app/errors#validation-error",
  "instance": "/v2/customers",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

| Field           | Description                                                                                            |
| --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `type`          | Stable string code identifying the error. Use this for programmatic error handling.                    |
| `title`         | Human-readable summary. May change between versions.                                                   |
| `status`        | HTTP status code.                                                                                      |
| `detail`        | Specific explanation of what went wrong in this request.                                               |
| `resolution`    | Suggested steps to fix the issue.                                                                      |
| `docs`          | Link to the documentation page for this error code.                                                    |
| `instance`      | The resolved request URI for this occurrence (query string stripped). Include when contacting support. |
| `correlationId` | Request correlation ID for tracing.                                                                    |
| `timestamp`     | When the error occurred (ISO 8601 UTC).                                                                |

<Note>
  Always match on the `type` field for error handling, not `status` or `title`.
  The `type` code is stable across API versions.
</Note>

`VALIDATION_ERROR` (400), `ONBOARDING_NOT_READY` (422), and `DOCUMENT_IDS_NOT_FOUND` (400) include an `errors` array with one entry per offending field. Each entry has a `pointer` (JSON pointer to the invalid field), a `detail` (what is wrong, never echoes the rejected value), and an optional `category` (`field`, `document`, or `individual`) when the entry came from the requirements validator. `category` lets you group blockers without parsing pointers; it's omitted on top-level schema rejections.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "ONBOARDING_NOT_READY",
  "title": "Onboarding Not Ready",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "Validation failed",
  "resolution": "Check the errors array for field-level details and fix the request body.",
  "docs": "https://conduit-v2.mintlify.app/errors#onboarding-not-ready",
  "instance": "/v2/onboarding",
  "correlationId": "req_xyz",
  "timestamp": "2026-04-27T20:00:00.000Z",
  "errors": [
    { "pointer": "/businessInfo/taxId", "detail": "Tax ID is required", "category": "field" },
    { "pointer": "/documentIds", "detail": "At least one document is required", "category": "document" },
    { "pointer": "/ownership/persons", "detail": "At least 1 CONTROLLING_PERSON is required", "category": "individual" }
  ]
}
```

For a complete list of error codes, see the [Error Codes Reference](/errors).

## Idempotency

POST, PATCH, and PUT requests support idempotency via the `idempotency-key` header. Only successful responses are cached. Within a 5-minute window:

* **Same key + same body after a success** — returns the cached response instead of creating a duplicate resource. Replayed responses carry an `Idempotency-Replayed: true` header.
* **Same key + different body, after a success or a `5xx`** — rejected with `409 IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_CONFLICT`. The key is bound to its first request body for the 5-minute window, so a modified payload never silently runs under another request's key; send a genuinely new request with a fresh key.
* **Retry after a `4xx`** — client errors commit nothing, so retrying with the same key is re-evaluated against current state, and a **corrected** body is accepted on the same key (fix a validation error and retry — no new key needed). On order execution, for example, a `422 INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` clears on retry once the balance covers the request. Payouts additionally bind the key to a terminally failed attempt — to retry a failed payout, use a fresh key.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/onboarding \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "idempotency-key: unique-request-id" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{ ... }'
```

Use a client-generated UUID or a deterministic key derived from the operation (e.g., `onboard-{customer-external-id}`).


# Payouts
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/payouts

Initiate and track outbound crypto and fiat transfers

## Overview

A payout is a client-initiated outbound transfer of funds to an external destination. Use `POST /v2/payouts` to initiate and `GET /v2/payouts/:id` to track.

Payouts are asynchronous. After submission the payout enters a `pending` state while compliance, Travel Rule exchange, and (for non-custodial wallets) co-signing complete. Subscribe to `transaction.*` webhooks for real-time state transitions.

## Request body

A crypto payout (the source wallet is resolved from `customerId` + the `assetAmount` code/chain):

```json theme={null}
{
  "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
  "assetAmount": {
    "code": "USDC",
    "chain": "ethereum",
    "amount": "1000.000000"
  },
  "destination": {
    "type": "crypto",
    "recipient": {
      "rail": "CRYPTO",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "address": "0xRecipientAddress",
      "attestation": { "custody": "self" }
    }
  },
  "documents": ["doc_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t"],
  "clientReferenceId": "client-payout-001"
}
```

A fiat payout debits a USD virtual account and pays a bank recipient — set `virtualAccountId` and a `destination.type: "fiat"` with a `rail` (`FEDWIRE`, `RTP`, `FEDNOW`, `SWIFT`) and a `recipient`:

```json theme={null}
{
  "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "virtualAccountId": "vac_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
  "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00" },
  "destination": {
    "type": "fiat",
    "rail": "FEDWIRE",
    "recipient": {
      "rail": "US", "type": "INDIVIDUAL", "firstName": "Alice", "lastName": "Example",
      "accountNumber": "1234567890", "routingNumber": "021000021", "accountType": "CHECKING",
      "phone": "+15551234567",
      "postalAddress": { "addressLine1": "1 Main St", "city": "New York", "state": "NY", "postalCode": "10001", "country": "USA" },
      "bankAddress": { "addressLine1": "100 Wall St", "city": "New York", "country": "USA" }
    }
  },
  "documents": ["doc_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t"]
}
```

| Field               | Type      | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `customerId`        | string    | Required. ID of the customer initiating the payout.                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `purpose`           | string    | Required. Declared business purpose: `INTERCOMPANY`, `TREASURY_MANAGEMENT`, `PAYMENT_FOR_GOODS_OR_SERVICES`, `PAYROLL`, `INVESTMENTS`, or `OTHER`. Determines which compliance gate the payout must clear — see [Payout requirements](#payout-requirements). |
| `assetAmount`       | object    | Required. `code`, `chain` (for on-chain assets), and decimal `amount`.                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `destination`       | object    | Required. `type: "crypto"` with a `recipient` (`rail: "CRYPTO"`, `chain`, `address`, `attestation`), or `type: "fiat"` with a `rail` and a bank `recipient`.                                                                                                 |
| `virtualAccountId`  | string    | Required for fiat payouts. The USD virtual account to debit.                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `documents`         | string\[] | Up to 10 supporting document IDs (`doc_*`), each uploaded with `purpose=transaction_support`. Required unless `purpose` is `INTERCOMPANY` — see [Payout requirements](#payout-requirements).                                                                 |
| `clientReferenceId` | string    | Optional client-supplied reference. Passed through on `transaction.*` webhooks. Omit if not needed.                                                                                                                                                          |

## Payout requirements

`purpose` selects the requirement the payout must satisfy before it is accepted:

* **`INTERCOMPANY`** — the recipient must be **whitelisted** for this customer, otherwise `422 RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED`. Register a bank recipient via [whitelist recipients](/concepts/whitelist-recipients) (it must reach `REGISTERED`), or a crypto address via [registered addresses](/concepts/registered-addresses). Supporting documents are not required for this purpose.
* **Any other purpose** — at least one supporting document is required, otherwise `422 DOCUMENTATION_REQUIRED` (the response lists `acceptedDocumentTypes`). Upload each document with `POST /v2/documents` using `purpose=transaction_support`, then pass its `doc_*` id in `documents`. Document ids that don't belong to your organization, or weren't uploaded with `purpose=transaction_support`, return `400 DOCUMENT_IDS_NOT_FOUND`. After acceptance the payout is held while the documents are reviewed; if the review is declined the payout ends as `failed` and a `transaction.rejected` webhook fires with `reasonCategory: "document_inadequate"`.

The submitted `documents` are not echoed back on `GET /v2/payouts/:id`, and a payout held for document review reads as a normal `pending` (there is no distinct in-review status). If the review declines the payout, `GET /v2/payouts/:id` returns `status: "failed"` with `failureCode: "COMPLIANCE_REJECTED"` and a `failureMessage`, and the `transaction.rejected` webhook carries `reasonCategory` + `acceptedDocumentTypes`.

## Response

The response shape is the same for `POST /v2/payouts` and `GET /v2/payouts/:id`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "withdrawal",
  "status": "pending",
  "clientReferenceId": "client-payout-001",
  "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
  "source": {
    "type": "wallet",
    "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "address": "0xCustomerWalletAddress",
    "assetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "1000.000000"
    }
  },
  "destination": {
    "type": "external_crypto",
    "address": "0xRecipientAddress",
    "assetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "1000.000000"
    }
  },
  "fees": [],
  "createdAt": "2026-05-14T18:40:00.000Z"
}
```

| Field                | Type   | Description                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| -------------------- | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `id`                 | string | Payout (transaction) ID. Use this for `GET /v2/payouts/:id` and to match `transaction.*` webhooks.                                                                                                      |
| `type`               | string | Always `"withdrawal"` for payouts.                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `status`             | string | Current status: `pending`, `processing`, `completed`, `failed`, `cancelled`.                                                                                                                            |
| `clientReferenceId`  | string | Client-supplied reference from the request. Present only when supplied on create.                                                                                                                       |
| `purpose`            | string | The declared business purpose supplied on create.                                                                                                                                                       |
| `createdAt`          | string | ISO 8601 UTC timestamp.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `completedAt`        | string | ISO 8601 UTC timestamp when the payout completed. Omitted on non-completed payouts.                                                                                                                     |
| `failureCode`        | string | Present when `status` is `failed` and the cause is actionable. Omitted on non-failed payouts (including `cancelled`). See [Failures](#failures).                                                        |
| `cancelledAt`        | string | ISO 8601 UTC timestamp when the payout was cancelled. Present only on `status: cancelled`.                                                                                                              |
| `cancellationReason` | string | Machine-readable cancellation reason. `client_cancelled` when the client called `POST /v2/payouts/:id/cancel`; `expired` is reserved for future lock-expiry paths. Present only on `status: cancelled`. |

## Cancel a payout

```http theme={null}
POST /v2/payouts/:id/cancel
```

Cancel a payout before it broadcasts on-chain. The reserved balance is released back to the customer's available balance and a `transaction.cancelled` webhook fires with `cancellationReason: "client_cancelled"`.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST {{api-host}}/v2/payouts/$PAYOUT_ID/cancel \
  -H "x-api-key: $API_KEY" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
```

Headers:

| Header            | Required | Description                                                                        |
| ----------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `x-api-key`       | Yes      | API key.                                                                           |
| `idempotency-key` | Yes      | UUID. Cancel is a money-adjacent operation; the header dedupes accidental retries. |

Response: HTTP 200 with the payout in its current state. On success the cancel settles synchronously and `status` is `cancelled`, `cancellationReason` is `client_cancelled`, and `cancelledAt` is populated; `failureCode` and `failureMessage` are omitted (cancellation is not a failure). In the rare case the cancel needs more than \~5 seconds to settle (cold-start), the response still returns 200 but the payout may still show `pending` or `processing` — the cancel was accepted and the final state will follow shortly. Poll `GET /v2/payouts/:id` for the terminal state. To dedupe your own retry, reuse the same `idempotency-key` (cached for 5 minutes) — the same response you got the first time replays. With a fresh `idempotency-key`, a payout you previously cancelled returns 200 again with the same `cancelled` shape; a payout that failed for any other reason returns 409 `PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`.

Cancellable states:

| Payout state                                                                  | Behaviour                                                                                                          |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `pending` (pre-broadcast, including non-custodial payouts awaiting signature) | Cancels. Reserved balance is released. `status` becomes `cancelled` with `cancellationReason: "client_cancelled"`. |
| `processing` (broadcast already initiated)                                    | `409 PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`. The chain transfer cannot be unwound.                                                |
| `completed`                                                                   | `409 PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`.                                                                                      |
| `cancelled` (from a prior cancel of this same payout)                         | 200 — same `cancelled` shape as the first cancel.                                                                  |
| `failed`                                                                      | `409 PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`. A genuinely failed payout cannot be cancelled.                                       |

Cancel is a state-based contract: any `pending` payout can be cancelled until funds reach the rail. The practical window varies by payout type. Non-custodial crypto payouts park at the cosign gate awaiting the customer's signature, so they stay cancellable for the lifetime of that gate — long enough to script a cancel against them. Fiat and custodial-crypto payouts move through `pending` quickly and hand off to the rail (bank or chain) inline once compliance clears, so by the time most integrators try to cancel they have already reached `processing` and return `409 PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`. A cancel issued early enough on a fiat or custodial-crypto payout can still succeed; the race is real but the window is narrow and not reliably scriptable.

Errors:

| Status | Code                                                   | Reason                                                                                |
| ------ | ------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `400`  | `IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_REQUIRED` / `IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_INVALID` | Header missing or malformed.                                                          |
| `404`  | `PAYOUT_NOT_FOUND`                                     | No payout exists with this id for your organization.                                  |
| `409`  | `PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`                               | The payout's broadcast has begun, or it has reached a non-cancellable terminal state. |

## Non-Custodial Crypto Withdrawals

When the source wallet uses the non-custodial custody model, the payout requires the customer's passkey approval before broadcast. Conduit cannot move non-custodial funds without the customer's co-signature.

### How it works

```
POST /v2/payouts
       │
       ▼
 Compliance + Travel Rule (transparent — no client action needed)
       │
       ▼
 transaction.awaiting_user_signature webhook fired
       │
       ├── data.verificationUrl  ← route customer here
       └── data.expiresAt        ← sign before this time
       │
       ▼
 Customer visits /verify/<token> → passkey approval
       │
       ▼
 Broadcast → await finality → transaction.completed
```

1. Submit `POST /v2/payouts` as usual. If `requiresUserSignature: true` appears in the response, the payout is awaiting your customer's signature.
2. Wait for the `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` webhook. It fires after compliance and Travel Rule data exchange have cleared, and carries `verificationUrl` + `expiresAt` on the webhook payload itself.
3. Redirect the customer to the webhook's `verificationUrl` before `expiresAt` (default 15 minutes).
4. The customer approves with their passkey. Conduit broadcasts. `transaction.completed` fires when the chain confirms.

### `POST /v2/payouts` — response (non-custodial)

The `requiresUserSignature` field is available immediately on the POST response: it's `true` while the payout is awaiting the customer's signature, and flips to `false` once the payout reaches a terminal status (`completed` or `failed`). The verify URL + expiry are not part of the response shape — they arrive on the `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` webhook once compliance and Travel Rule data exchange have cleared. Subscribe to that webhook to receive `verificationUrl` and `expiresAt`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "withdrawal",
  "status": "pending",
  "clientReferenceId": "client-payout-001",
  "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
  "source": {
    "type": "wallet",
    "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "address": "0xCustomerWalletAddress",
    "assetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "1000.000000"
    }
  },
  "destination": {
    "type": "external_crypto",
    "address": "0xRecipientAddress",
    "assetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "1000.000000"
    }
  },
  "fees": [],
  "requiresUserSignature": true,
  "createdAt": "2026-05-14T18:40:00.000Z"
}
```

| Field                   | Type    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------- | ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `requiresUserSignature` | boolean | Present-tense gate: `true` while the payout is awaiting the end-user's signature, `false` after `status` reaches `completed` or `failed` (regardless of the source wallet's custody model). Fully-custodial wallets always emit `false`. Available immediately on the POST response — use this to prepare your UX without waiting for the webhook. |
| `queuePosition`         | number  | Schema-reserved field describing the payout's slot in the per-(wallet, chain) signing queue (`0` = head of queue / signing now). **Currently always omitted** from the response; the queue counter that populates it is a follow-up. Treat as absent today and forward-compatible.                                                                 |

### `GET /v2/payouts/:id` — response while awaiting signature

Once compliance and Travel Rule data exchange have cleared, the signing step opens. The verify URL + expiry are delivered on the `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` webhook, not on the GET response. The GET response continues to report `requiresUserSignature: true` while the payout is parked awaiting the user's cosign:

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "withdrawal",
  "status": "pending",
  "clientReferenceId": "client-payout-001",
  "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
  "source": {
    "type": "wallet",
    "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "address": "0xCustomerWalletAddress",
    "assetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "1000.000000"
    }
  },
  "destination": {
    "type": "external_crypto",
    "address": "0xRecipientAddress",
    "assetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "1000.000000"
    }
  },
  "fees": [],
  "requiresUserSignature": true,
  "createdAt": "2026-05-14T18:40:00.000Z"
}
```

The `verificationUrl` + `expiresAt` arrive on the `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` webhook payload. `expiresAt` is an ISO 8601 UTC timestamp; after it elapses the payout fails automatically with `failureCode: "USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT"` and no funds are moved.

### Webhook sequence

```
transaction.created
  ↓ (after compliance + Travel Rule)
transaction.awaiting_user_signature   ← route customer to verificationUrl
  ↓ (after customer approves and chain confirms)
transaction.completed
```

If the customer does not act in time, or declines:

```
transaction.awaiting_user_signature
  ↓
transaction.failed
```

See the [Non-Custodial Wallets concept page](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets) for end-to-end flow detail, branding customization, and sandbox testing.

## Failures

`POST /v2/payouts` returns synchronous errors only for validation and ID lookups. Once you receive `202 Accepted`, the payout is in flight; most failures from that point arrive on the `transaction.failed` webhook. One exception: a payout declined at the document-review step (see [Payout requirements](#payout-requirements)) terminates on the **`transaction.rejected`** webhook instead — carrying `reasonCategory` + `acceptedDocumentTypes` — so subscribe to both. (`GET /v2/payouts/:id` then shows `status: "failed"` with `failureCode: "COMPLIANCE_REJECTED"`.)

### Failure codes

When `transaction.failed` carries a `failureCode`, the failure has a known cause your integration can act on. Use the `failureCode` to decide what to show the customer and whether to retry.

| Code                                  | What happened                                                                          | What to do                                                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`              | The customer did not approve the payout before the signing window expired.             | No funds were moved. Submit a new payout when the customer is ready to sign.                                                              |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`             | The customer declined the payout from the approval page.                               | No funds were moved. Submit a new payout if the decline was unintentional.                                                                |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER` | The customer's passkey approval could not be accepted.                                 | No funds were moved. Submit a new payout. If the same customer or wallet hits this repeatedly, contact support.                           |
| `CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED`         | The wallet's configuration prevents Conduit from moving funds from it.                 | No funds were moved. Conduit is investigating automatically. Contact support if the wallet is needed for a time-sensitive payout.         |
| `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`                | The counterparty VASP rejected the Travel Rule transfer before the on-chain broadcast. | No funds were moved. Confirm beneficiary details with the recipient and submit a new payout once the underlying issue has been addressed. |

These failures land at HTTP semantic `422` (the asynchronous equivalent: the request was well-formed and accepted, but the payout could not be completed).

### Failures without a `failureCode`

If `transaction.failed` arrives with no `failureCode`, the payout could not be completed and the cause is not something your integration can act on. Treat the transaction as terminal. Funds, if any were reserved, are released. Contact support if the customer needs help understanding why.


# Cancel a pending payout
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/payouts/cancel-a-pending-payout

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /payouts/{id}/cancel
Cancels a pending payout, releasing the customer's reserved balance back to available. Idempotent: an already-cancelled payout returns 200. Payouts whose on-chain broadcast has already begun, or which have reached any other terminal state, return 409 (`PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`). Requires the `idempotency-key` header.



# Create a payout
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/payouts/create-a-payout

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /payouts
Creates a payout (crypto withdrawal) from a Conduit-managed wallet to an external destination. Requires the `idempotency-key` header. Returns 202 with the payout in its pending state, including its `id` and initial status.



# Retrieve a payout
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/payouts/retrieve-a-payout

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /payouts/{id}
Returns the current state of a payout by id, scoped to the caller's organization. 404 if no payout with that id exists for the org.



# Get a registered address by id
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/registered-addresses/get-a-registered-address-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /wallets/registered-addresses/{id}
Returns a registered wallet address by id when it belongs to the authenticated organization.



# List registered addresses for a customer
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/registered-addresses/list-registered-addresses-for-a-customer

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/wallets/registered-addresses
Returns the registered wallet addresses for a customer, scoped to the authenticated organization.



# Register a wallet address for a customer
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/registered-addresses/register-a-wallet-address-for-a-customer

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/wallets/registered-addresses
Registers a wallet address for the customer after sanctions screening and feature eligibility checks.



# Revoke (soft-delete) a registered address
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/registered-addresses/revoke-soft-delete-a-registered-address

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json delete /wallets/registered-addresses/{id}
Revokes a registered wallet address for the authenticated organization without deleting its audit history.



# Clear a wallet's signing quorum override
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/signing-quorum/clear-a-wallets-signing-quorum-override

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json delete /wallets/{walletId}/signing-quorum
Removes the per-wallet threshold override so the wallet inherits the customer default again. Applies immediately when no approval is required, otherwise returns a verification URL for signers to approve.



# Get a customer's signing quorum configuration
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/signing-quorum/get-a-customers-signing-quorum-configuration

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/signing-quorum
Returns the customer-level approval threshold, any pending change, the number of eligible signers, and per-wallet overrides.



# Override a wallet's signing quorum threshold
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/signing-quorum/override-a-wallets-signing-quorum-threshold

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json put /wallets/{walletId}/signing-quorum
Requests a per-wallet approval threshold that overrides the customer default. Applies immediately when no approval is required, otherwise returns a verification URL for signers to approve.



# Set a customer's signing quorum threshold
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/signing-quorum/set-a-customers-signing-quorum-threshold

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json put /customers/{customerId}/signing-quorum
Requests a change to the customer-level approval threshold. Applies immediately when no approval is required, otherwise returns a verification URL for signers to approve.



# Get a transaction by ID
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/transactions/get-a-transaction-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /transactions/{id}
Returns a single transaction owned by the caller's organization. Response shape matches one row of the list endpoint's `data[]`, discriminated by `type`.



# List transactions
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/transactions/list-transactions

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /transactions
Returns a paginated list of the caller's transactions. Filter by type, status, customer, asset, chain, transaction hash, linked order, or creation timestamp. Sorted by `createdAt desc` by default; use `sortBy` and `sortOrder` to override.



# Submit sender (originator) information for a deposit parked on UNREGISTERED_ADDRESS
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/transactions/submit-sender-originator-information-for-a-deposit-parked-on-unregistered_address

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /transactions/{transactionId}/sender-information
Two paths: register=false records sender data for this deposit only; register=true also creates a durable RegisteredAddress (at end-of-flow on Sardine APPROVE) that resolves any future deposits from the same address. First-snapshot wins — once recorded, a second submission returns 409. Returns 202 with the transaction in its post-signal state; poll GET /v2/transactions/:id for downstream updates.



# Initiate a customer verification
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/verifications/initiate-a-customer-verification

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/verifications
Starts a verification process for a customer. Returns a verification URL where the customer completes the required verification step (e.g. wallet signing, identity check). Use the referenceId to correlate this verification with your internal records.



# Get a virtual account
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/virtual-accounts/get-a-virtual-account

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/virtual-accounts/{virtualAccountId}
Retrieves one customer virtual account with client-safe deposit instructions. Requires the virtual account feature to be active.



# List customer virtual accounts
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/virtual-accounts/list-customer-virtual-accounts

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/virtual-accounts
Returns a paginated list of virtual accounts for the customer with client-safe deposit instructions. Requires the virtual account feature to be active.



# Add a signer to a customer's wallets
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallet-signers/add-a-signer-to-a-customers-wallets

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers
Adds a new signer to the customer's wallet infrastructure. The signer will receive a verification email at the provided address. Returns the signer details and a verification URL.



# Demote an admin signer to signer
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallet-signers/demote-an-admin-signer-to-signer

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerId}/demote
Demotes an admin to the signer role via a two-step ceremony: strip from the root quorum and remove the business_admin tag. Returns the ceremony id; completion is tracked via the wallet_signer.demoted webhook.



# List signers for a customer's wallets
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallet-signers/list-signers-for-a-customers-wallets

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers
Returns a paginated list of all current signers for the customer's wallets (excludes removed and errored signers).



# Promote a signer to admin
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallet-signers/promote-a-signer-to-admin

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerId}/promote
Promotes the signer to the admin role via a two-step ceremony: apply the business_admin tag and add the signer to the root quorum. Returns the ceremony id; completion is tracked via the wallet_signer.promoted webhook.



# Remove a signer from a customer's wallets
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallet-signers/remove-a-signer-from-a-customers-wallets

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json delete /customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerId}
Removes a signer from the customer's wallet infrastructure. The signer will no longer be able to authorize transactions.



# Claim non-custodial control for a customer
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallets/claim-non-custodial-control-for-a-customer

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/wallets/claim-non-custodial
Initiates a multi-signer non-custodial provisioning flow. Returns 202 with a claimId; per-signer verification URLs are delivered via wallet_signer.invited webhooks.



# Create a wallet
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallets/create-a-wallet

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/wallets
Creates a new blockchain wallet for the customer on the specified chain. Requires the crypto wallets feature to be active. An idempotency-key header is required.



# Get a wallet by ID
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallets/get-a-wallet-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId}
Retrieves the full details of a wallet including its chain, address, and current status.



# List customer wallets
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallets/list-customer-wallets

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/wallets
Returns a paginated list of wallets belonging to the customer. Requires the crypto wallets feature to be active.



# Rotate a wallet
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/wallets/rotate-a-wallet

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId}/rotate
Triggers a key rotation for the wallet. The wallet address may change after rotation. Use this when a wallet's signing key needs to be replaced.



# Get a delivery by ID
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-deliveries/get-a-delivery-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /webhooks/deliveries/{id}
Retrieves full delivery details including all individual delivery attempts with their status codes, response bodies, and timing.



# List webhook deliveries
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-deliveries/list-webhook-deliveries

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /webhooks/deliveries
Returns a paginated list of delivery attempts for the authenticated organization. Optionally filter by `endpointId`, by delivery `status` (`pending`, `processing`, `succeeded`, `failed`), or by `eventType` (exact match, e.g. `transaction.failed`). An unknown `status` value returns 400; an unknown `eventType` returns an empty page.



# Retry a failed delivery
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-deliveries/retry-a-failed-delivery

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /webhooks/deliveries/{id}/retry
Queues an immediate retry for a failed delivery. The delivery status resets and a new attempt is made regardless of the retry count.



# Create a webhook endpoint
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-endpoints/create-a-webhook-endpoint

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /webhooks/endpoints
Creates a new webhook endpoint. The response includes a signing secret that is only shown once. Store it securely to verify webhook signatures on your server.



# Delete a webhook endpoint
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-endpoints/delete-a-webhook-endpoint

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json delete /webhooks/endpoints/{id}
Deletes a webhook endpoint. Pending deliveries will still be attempted, but no new deliveries will be created.



# Get a webhook endpoint by ID
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-endpoints/get-a-webhook-endpoint-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /webhooks/endpoints/{id}
Retrieves the full configuration of a webhook endpoint.



# List webhook endpoints
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-endpoints/list-webhook-endpoints

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /webhooks/endpoints
Returns a paginated list of webhook endpoints configured for the authenticated organization.



# Rotate a webhook endpoint's signing secret
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-endpoints/rotate-a-webhook-endpoints-signing-secret

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /webhooks/endpoints/{id}/rotate
Generates a new signing secret and returns it once — store it securely. The previous secret stays valid for a grace window (deliveries are co-signed with both secrets, each as its own `v1=` segment in `X-Conduit-Signature`) so you can roll over your verification code without dropping events. After the grace window only the new secret signs. Requires an `Idempotency-Key`: a retried request with the same key replays the original response instead of rotating again, so a lost response can't silently discard the secret you just deployed.



# Update a webhook endpoint
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-endpoints/update-a-webhook-endpoint

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json patch /webhooks/endpoints/{id}
Updates the configuration of an existing webhook endpoint. Only provided fields are changed.



# List available webhook event types
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/webhook-event-types/list-available-webhook-event-types

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /webhooks/event-types
Returns all event types that can be subscribed to when creating a webhook endpoint, plus the signature metadata every delivery is signed with.



# Get a whitelist recipient by id
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/whitelist-recipients/get-a-whitelist-recipient-by-id

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/whitelist-recipients/{id}
Returns an intercompany whitelist recipient scoped to the authenticated organization and customer.



# List whitelist recipients for a customer
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/whitelist-recipients/list-whitelist-recipients-for-a-customer

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json get /customers/{customerId}/whitelist-recipients
Returns the intercompany whitelist recipients for a customer, scoped to the authenticated organization.



# Register an intercompany recipient for whitelisting
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/whitelist-recipients/register-an-intercompany-recipient-for-whitelisting

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json post /customers/{customerId}/whitelist-recipients
Registers a bank recipient as an intercompany counterparty for this customer. The entry starts in PENDING_REVIEW; compliance review outcomes are signalled via whitelist_recipient.* webhooks. Only REGISTERED entries satisfy purpose=INTERCOMPANY payouts. Identical resubmissions return the existing entry. Resubmitting with the same bank details but different attributes (name, relationship, documents) returns 409 WHITELIST_RECIPIENT_CONFLICT.



# Revoke a whitelist recipient
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/api-reference/whitelist-recipients/revoke-a-whitelist-recipient

https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json delete /customers/{customerId}/whitelist-recipients/{id}
Client-initiated, terminal. Audit history is retained.



# Authentication
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/authentication

API keys, environments, and request headers

## Environments

Conduit provides two environments. Both expose the same API and use the same authentication mechanism.

| Environment | Base URL                                   | Purpose                             |
| ----------- | ------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------- |
| Sandbox     | `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2` | Integration development and testing |
| Production  | `https://api.conduit.financial/v2`         | Live operations                     |

Sandbox is available immediately after sign-up — generate a sandbox key and start integrating right away. Production access requires completing Conduit's organization onboarding and activation process; once your organization is activated, switch the dashboard toggle to live and generate live keys.

## API Keys

All requests require an API key passed in the `x-api-key` header.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers \
  -H "x-api-key: ck_live_<64-hex-chars>"
```

Keys are prefixed to indicate their environment:

| Prefix        | Environment | Example                  |
| ------------- | ----------- | ------------------------ |
| `ck_sandbox_` | Sandbox     | `ck_sandbox_aabbccdd...` |
| `ck_live_`    | Production  | `ck_live_aabbccdd...`    |

The prefix is validated on every request. A `ck_sandbox_` key presented to the production API (or vice versa) is rejected with `401 API_KEY_INVALID`. Keys are scoped to a single organization and environment. Generate and revoke keys from the Conduit dashboard.

### Access level

Each key is **read-only** or **read-write**:

| Access level | Allowed requests                                                                |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Read-only    | `GET` requests only. Any other method is rejected with `403 API_KEY_READ_ONLY`. |
| Read-write   | All requests, including those that move money (payouts, order execution).       |

You choose the access level when creating a key in the dashboard; new keys are **read-only** by default. A key's access level is fixed for its lifetime — to change it, revoke the key and create a new one. Use read-only keys for reporting and reconciliation integrations that never need to write.

<Warning>
  API keys are shown once at creation and hashed server-side (SHA-256). Conduit
  cannot recover a lost key — revoke it and create a new one. When rotating a
  key, create the new key first, update your integration, then revoke the old
  key.
</Warning>

## Request Headers

| Header                    | Required                                                                                                        | Description                                                                |
| ------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `x-api-key`               | Yes                                                                                                             | Your API key                                                               |
| `Content-Type`            | Yes (POST/PATCH)                                                                                                | `application/json` for JSON bodies, `multipart/form-data` for file uploads |
| `idempotency-key`         | Yes on money-moving POSTs (orders, payouts, sender-information, execute, cancel). Optional on idempotent reads. | Prevents duplicate operations on POST requests. Cached for 5 minutes.      |
| `x-client-correlation-id` | No                                                                                                              | Your trace ID. Echoed back in the response for request correlation.        |

Conduit also returns an `x-correlation-id` header on every response — a server-generated trace ID useful for support requests.

## Sandbox-specific behavior

Use your sandbox API key (`ck_sandbox_...`) against `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial`. Sandbox and production keys are not interchangeable — a production key on the sandbox host returns `401 API_KEY_INVALID`.

**Idempotency cache:** The `idempotency-key` header is required on all money-moving `POST` requests. In both sandbox and production the cache TTL is **300 seconds (5 minutes)**. A replay of a successful request within that window returns the cached response, marked with an `Idempotency-Replayed: true` header; error responses are not cached, and a replay after expiry re-executes the request. Use `crypto.randomUUID()` (or `uuidgen` in bash) to generate a fresh key for each new operation.

**Rate limits.** Responses on rate-limited routes carry `X-RateLimit-Limit`, `X-RateLimit-Remaining`, and `X-RateLimit-Reset` (seconds until the bucket refills). These headers are present on both successful responses and 429 errors; they are omitted only when the rate-limit service is temporarily unreachable and the request is allowed through anyway. When a request exceeds the limit you receive `429 RATE_LIMITED` with a `Retry-After` header and a `retryAfterSeconds` body field; sleep that many seconds then retry. Limits use a token bucket: live keys get 50 requests/second sustained with a burst of 100; sandbox is more permissive (200 req/s sustained, 400 burst). Per-organization overrides are available through your support contact when your sustained workload exceeds the defaults. A handful of expensive endpoints (order execute, document upload, application submit) carry tighter dedicated buckets (5 req/s, 10 burst on live).

**Cross-environment errors:** A `401 API_KEY_INVALID` against the sandbox base URL means you are using a live key, not a sandbox key. If your sandbox key is valid but your organization's sandbox environment has not been provisioned yet, you receive `409 SANDBOX_NOT_PROVISIONED` (not a `401`) — provisioning happens automatically after sign-up and is retried, so wait a few moments and retry; contact support if it persists. Do not rotate or regenerate the key for this case — the key is valid.

## Errors

| Status | Meaning                    | What to do                                                                                                     |
| ------ | -------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `400`  | Validation failed          | Check the `errors` array in the response body for field-level details                                          |
| `401`  | Missing or invalid API key | Verify your `x-api-key` header                                                                                 |
| `403`  | Forbidden                  | A read-only key attempted a write (`API_KEY_READ_ONLY`), or your key's organization cannot access the resource |
| `404`  | Resource not found         | Check the resource ID and ensure it belongs to your organization                                               |
| `409`  | Conflict                   | A resource with the same unique constraint already exists                                                      |
| `429`  | Rate limited               | Slow down and retry after `Retry-After` seconds. See the Rate limits section above.                            |
| `500`  | Internal error             | Retry with exponential backoff. If persistent, contact support with the `x-correlation-id` from the response   |


# Crypto Wallets
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/concepts/crypto-wallets

On-chain non-custodial wallets for receiving and sending crypto

## Overview

A Crypto Wallet is the customer-facing resource for holding crypto on a single blockchain. Each wallet has one on-chain `address` on one `chain`, and its `balances[]` reflect the deposits and pending movements Conduit has observed for that address.

Wallets are scoped to a customer. No wallets are created automatically during onboarding — you create each one on demand, on the chain you need. A customer can hold multiple wallets across different chains.

The crypto-wallets feature must be enabled for your client. Calls to these endpoints while the feature is disabled return a feature-not-enabled error.

## Custody Model

Every wallet on this surface is **non-custodial**: the customer holds the keys (passkey or roster of signers) and must sign every outbound transfer. Conduit does not hold customer signing keys.

| Who controls the key                | How funds are moved                                                                              |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Customer (passkey or signer roster) | Conduit and the customer's signers co-sign; Conduit broadcasts once the signing threshold is met |

A customer must claim non-custodial control before any wallet address can be issued. `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets` returns `409 WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED` until that's done. Receiving crypto works once a wallet exists; the custody model determines what happens on **outbound** — see [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets) for the full co-signing flow.

## The Wallet Resource

| Field                | Type           | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| -------------------- | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `id`                 | string         | Wallet ID, prefixed `wlt_`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `chain`              | enum           | The blockchain this wallet operates on.                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `address`            | string \| null | The on-chain address. `null` while the wallet is provisioning.                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `status`             | enum           | Lifecycle status — see below.                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `custodyModel`       | enum \| null   | `non_custodial` for wallets on the current surface. The wire still accepts `custodial` for legacy ops-managed wallets, but the public customer surface only mints `non_custodial`. Omitted until the customer's custody model is determined. |
| `rotatedAt`          | string \| null | When this wallet was rotated, if it has been.                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `replacedByWalletId` | string \| null | The wallet that replaced this one after rotation.                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `clientReferenceId`  | string \| null | Your external reference, if you supplied one at creation.                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `balances[]`         | array          | Per-asset balances, each with `available`, `pending`, and `frozen` amounts.                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `createdAt`          | string         | When the wallet was created.                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `updatedAt`          | string         | When the wallet was last updated.                                                                                                                                                                                                            |

### Balances

Each entry in `balances[]` splits a single asset into three buckets:

* **`available`** — settled funds you can move out.
* **`pending`** — funds observed on-chain but not yet fully settled.
* **`frozen`** — funds held and temporarily unavailable.

Balances reflect deposits as they arrive. See [Receiving crypto](#receiving-crypto) below.

### Status lifecycle

| Status     | Meaning                                                                                                                           |
| ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `pending`  | The wallet has been requested and Conduit is provisioning its on-chain address. `address` is `null` until provisioning completes. |
| `active`   | The wallet has an address and can receive and send funds.                                                                         |
| `disabled` | The wallet is no longer in use — for example, it has been rotated and replaced.                                                   |

<Note>
  A wallet enters `pending` with a `null` `address` while it is being provisioned. Rather than polling, subscribe to [`crypto_wallet.completed`](/webhooks#crypto_wallet.completed) to learn when provisioning has finished and the `address` is populated.
</Note>

## Supported Chains

Wallets can be created on the following chains. The `chain` value is always lowercase.

| `chain`    | Network  |
| ---------- | -------- |
| `ethereum` | Ethereum |
| `base`     | Base     |
| `polygon`  | Polygon  |
| `solana`   | Solana   |
| `tron`     | Tron     |

## Creating Wallets

Wallets are provisioned in two steps: claim non-custodial control once per customer, then create one wallet per chain.

<Steps>
  <Step title="Claim non-custodial control (once per customer)">
    Opt the customer into the non-custodial multi-signer model:

    ```http theme={null}
    POST /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets/claim-non-custodial
    ```

    Returns `202`. The customer's signers complete their enrollment via per-signer verification URLs delivered through `wallet_signer.invited` webhooks. Once the final signer has enrolled, `crypto_wallet.completed` fires; from that point the customer can create wallets.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Create a wallet per chain">
    Once the customer has claimed non-custodial control, create wallets one chain at a time:

    ```http theme={null}
    POST /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets
    idempotency-key: <unique-key>

    { "chain": "base", "clientReferenceId": "ext-wallet-001" }
    ```

    Returns `201` with the new wallet. `clientReferenceId` is optional. The `idempotency-key` header is required — replaying the same key returns the same wallet rather than creating a duplicate. The wallet starts in `pending` until its address is provisioned.

    Before the claim completes, the same request returns `409 WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED`. See [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets) for the multi-signer model and the [`WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED`](/errors#wallet-custody-not-claimed) error page for the resolution path.
  </Step>
</Steps>

## Reading Wallets

| Endpoint                                            | Returns                                                                                            |
| --------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `GET /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets`            | A cursor-paginated list of the customer's wallets. Accepts an optional `clientReferenceId` filter. |
| `GET /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId}` | A single wallet.                                                                                   |

## Key Rotation

Rotating a wallet replaces its on-chain key. It produces a **new wallet** with a **new `address`**; the old wallet moves to `disabled`. The two are linked: the old wallet's `replacedByWalletId` points to the new wallet, and the new wallet carries the same `replacedByWalletId` back-reference so the chain of replacements is traceable.

```http theme={null}
POST /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId}/rotate
idempotency-key: <unique-key>
```

Returns `200` with the replacement wallet. The `idempotency-key` header is required.

<Warning>
  Rotation requires the wallet to have a **zero balance**. Move all funds out before rotating — rotation is blocked while any balance remains, because the new key controls a different address.
</Warning>

A [`wallet.rotated`](/webhooks#wallet.rotated) webhook fires when rotation completes, carrying both the old `walletId` and the `replacedByWalletId`.

## Receiving Crypto

Share the wallet's `address` and incoming deposits surface in the wallet's `balances[]`. The end-to-end flow — including how deposits are detected and credited — is covered in the [Receive Crypto](/guides/receive-crypto-lifecycle) guide.

## Related

<CardGroup>
  <Card title="Non-Custodial Wallets" href="/concepts/non-custodial-wallets">
    The two-signature model, the customer verify page, and outbound co-signing.
  </Card>

  <Card title="Receive Crypto" href="/guides/receive-crypto-lifecycle">
    How deposits arrive and credit a wallet's balances.
  </Card>
</CardGroup>


# Money
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/concepts/money

How Conduit represents and validates monetary amounts on the API surface

## The Money shape

Every monetary amount on the public API uses one shape:

```json theme={null}
{ "code": "USD", "amount": "100.50" }
{ "code": "USDC", "chain": "ethereum", "amount": "100" }
```

| Field    | Type              | Notes                                                                              |
| -------- | ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `code`   | string            | Asset code in SCREAMING\_CASE (`USD`, `EUR`, `USDC`, `USDT`, `ETH`, `BTC`, `SOL`). |
| `chain`  | string (optional) | Blockchain network. Omitted for fiat assets. Never `null`.                         |
| `amount` | string            | Decimal string. See precision rules below.                                         |

The same shape is used in request bodies, response bodies, and webhook payloads. There is no second representation (no base units, no integer minor units, no separate `assetAmount` envelope).

## Amount as a string

Amounts are always JSON strings, never numbers. JavaScript and most JSON parsers lose precision on values like `0.1 + 0.2`; representing money as `Number` is unsafe for any asset with more than 15 significant digits (e.g. `1.000000000000000001` ETH cannot round-trip through a JS number).

Strings sidestep this entirely. Use a decimal library (BigNumber.js, decimal.js, Python `Decimal`, Go `shopspring/decimal`) to do arithmetic.

## Input precision

Requests accept up to the asset's precision. Padding with trailing zeros is optional.

| Asset                  | Precision | Examples accepted                       |
| ---------------------- | --------- | --------------------------------------- |
| `USD`, `EUR`           | 2         | `"100"`, `"100.5"`, `"100.50"`          |
| `USDC`, `USDT`         | 6         | `"1"`, `"1.5"`, `"1.500000"`            |
| `BTC`                  | 8         | `"1"`, `"0.00000001"` (1 satoshi)       |
| `ETH`                  | 18        | `"1"`, `"0.000000000000000001"` (1 wei) |
| `SOL`                  | 9         | `"1"`, `"0.000000001"` (1 lamport)      |
| `JPY` (zero-precision) | 0         | `"1500"`, `"0"` — integer string only   |

Inputs with more fractional digits than the asset allows are rejected at request validation:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "VALIDATION_ERROR",
  "title": "Validation failed",
  "status": 400,
  "errors": [
    {
      "pointer": "/amount",
      "detail": "amount must be a decimal string with up to 6 digits after \".\" for USDC"
    }
  ]
}
```

Other rejected forms (regardless of asset):

* Leading sign (`"+1"`, `"-1"`)
* Leading zero on the integer part (`"01.00"`)
* Scientific notation (`"1e6"`)
* Trailing dot with no fractional digits (`"1."`)

## Output precision

Responses and webhook payloads always emit amounts at the asset's exact precision (canonical exact-scale form). The amount you sent as `"1"` USD will come back as `"1.00"`. The amount you sent as `"1.5"` USDC will come back as `"1.500000"`.

This means: **echo what we send you, do not parse-and-rebuild**. If you store the response amount in a database, store the string as-is; round-tripping through `Number` or a non-decimal type will silently corrupt the precision.

## Idempotency and amount

Idempotency-Key fingerprints canonicalise the amount before hashing. A replay with `amount: "1"` against an original `amount: "1.00"` for USD will return the original response, not an `IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_CONFLICT`.

## Why not base units

A common alternative is to send amounts as integer base units (e.g. `100000000` for 1 BTC). Conduit does not do this on the public surface for two reasons:

1. **Asymmetry.** Fiat and crypto amounts would have to agree on a representation. Sending `100000000` for both `1 BTC` and `1,000,000 USD` is error-prone.
2. **No precision context at the call site.** Integrators have to look up the asset's decimal places to know whether `1000` is `0.001 ETH` or `1000 USDC`. Decimal strings carry the precision visually.

Conduit converts to base units exactly once, at the service boundary, when it needs to do exact-precision arithmetic against the ledger. Customers never see base units on the wire.


# Multi-signer wallets
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/concepts/multi-signer-wallets

M-of-N customer-controlled signing on non-custodial wallets: roster, threshold, admins, ceremonies, and webhooks in one place.

Multi-signer is the canonical non-custodial wallet model. The customer holds their own signing material across a team: they enroll a roster of named signers (each with their own passkey), pick a signing threshold, and every payout pauses on a quorum gate until enough signers stamp it. New customers reach a usable wallet exclusively through this path.

This page is the single mental model. For the deposit/payout walkthroughs that exercise these endpoints, see [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals) and the [Multi-signer wallets recipe](/sandbox/multi-signer-wallets#the-6-step-recipe) (with roster ceremonies).

## When to use which custody model

New customers always provision multi-signer non-custodial wallets via the claim endpoint. The custodial column below applies only to customers that were provisioned through the legacy `CRYPTO_WALLET` application before the non-custodial gate; converting one of those to non-custodial uses the `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION` application.

|                            | **Custodial (legacy)**                  | **Non-custodial (single-signer, converted)**     | **Multi-signer non-custodial**                       |
| -------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Who holds signing material | Conduit                                 | Customer (one passkey on a single end-user)      | Customer team (one passkey per roster member)        |
| Provisioned via            | Legacy `CRYPTO_WALLET` application only | Approved `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION` application | `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/claim-non-custodial` |
| Payout signing             | Auto                                    | Single passkey via verify page                   | M-of-N roster, each stamps independently             |
| Use when                   | Legacy customers only                   | Converting a legacy custodial customer           | Default for every new customer                       |

Multi-signer is the only model where you choose the M-of-N threshold. The first two collapse to a single signer or no signer.

## Concepts

**Roster.** The ordered list of named signers attached to a customer's non-custodial setup. Each signer has an email, a role (`admin` or `signer`), and exactly one passkey credential. Roster size and threshold are decoupled: a 5-member roster can require 2 stamps; a 2-member roster can require 2.

**Threshold.** The integer `M` in M-of-N. Every payout collects stamps until `M` are recorded, then auto-broadcasts. The threshold is set at `claim-non-custodial` time and can be adjusted later via the signing-quorum endpoints. See [Signing thresholds](/concepts/signing-thresholds) for the constraints.

**Admin vs signer.** Both roles stamp payouts; only admins can change the roster (add, remove, promote, demote other members). The minimum-admin floor is enforced on every roster mutation so you can never lock yourself out.

**Root quorum.** Conduit's underlying signing infrastructure binds admin signers to a root quorum that protects the sub-organization itself. Membership flips happen through a **ceremony**: a coordinated multi-step update that re-seats the root members. You see this surface as: a promote/demote operation returns `202 Accepted` and the change shows up after the ceremony completes.

**Ceremony.** A short-lived background flow that re-seats the root quorum (on promote/demote) or rolls a roster (on add/remove). Ceremonies are sequential per customer; a second one queues if one is already in flight. Status is read via the internal ceremonies-list endpoint (`GET /v2/internal/customers/:id/wallet-ceremonies`).

**Ghost-vote scrubbing.** If a signer is removed while a payout is sitting at the quorum gate, that signer's already-cast stamps are scrubbed from every in-flight payout for the customer. Affected payouts re-fire `transaction.signature_collected` with the new count; payouts that can no longer reach quorum on the new roster terminate with `failureCode: "ROSTER_CHANGED"` so clients can re-submit against the current roster.

## Lifecycle endpoints

| Endpoint                                                          | Purpose                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets/claim-non-custodial`      | Provision the customer's multi-signer setup. Required body: `roster`, `signingThreshold`. Returns 202 with a `claimId`; per-signer enrollment URLs fan out as `wallet_signer.invited` webhooks. |
| `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallet-signers`                   | Add a signer to an existing roster. Returns the new signer row in `PENDING_ACTIVATION`. A `wallet_signer.invited` webhook delivers the verification URL.                                        |
| `DELETE /v2/customers/:customerId/wallet-signers/:signerId`       | Remove a signer. Admins must be demoted first (returns `409 SIGNER_IS_ROOT_MEMBER` otherwise).                                                                                                  |
| `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallet-signers/:signerId/promote` | Promote a signer to admin. Triggers a root-quorum ceremony.                                                                                                                                     |
| `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallet-signers/:signerId/demote`  | Demote an admin back to signer. Triggers a root-quorum ceremony.                                                                                                                                |

For the quorum-threshold endpoints (per-customer + per-wallet overrides) see [Signing thresholds](/concepts/signing-thresholds).

## Sandbox simulators

| Endpoint                                                      | Purpose                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/wallet-signers/:signerId/mark-enrolled`     | Marks a `PENDING_ACTIVATION` signer as enrolled. Fires `wallet_signer.enrolled`; once every roster member is enrolled, the wallet flips to `ACTIVE` and `crypto_wallet.completed` fires.                                                                                                                                                      |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate-stamp`                 | Records one signer's stamp against a multi-signer payout. Body carries `walletSignerId` and `selection` (`APPROVED` or `REJECTED`). Returns the post-stamp `votesCollected` / `votesRequired`.                                                                                                                                                |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/simulate-reset-claim` | Wipes the customer's non-custodial setup (every signer, every wallet, the crypto-wallet feature flag) so a subsequent `claim-non-custodial` starts fresh. Refuses with `409 CLAIM_RESET_BLOCKED` if open transactions, deposits, or pending signature approvals still reference the customer; terminalize them via `simulate/terminal` first. |

## Webhooks

| Topic                                                     | Fires when                                                                                                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `wallet_signer.invited`                                   | One per roster member at claim time or `POST /wallet-signers`. Payload carries `verificationUrl` and `expiresAt`.                                                                      |
| `wallet_signer.added`                                     | Co-emitted with `wallet_signer.invited`; carries the steady-state membership shape (role, credentialType, no URL).                                                                     |
| `wallet_signer.enrolled`                                  | A signer completed their verification and is now `ACTIVE`.                                                                                                                             |
| `wallet_signer.removed`                                   | A signer was removed from the roster (direct removal only; demote does not emit `removed`).                                                                                            |
| `wallet_signer.promoted`                                  | A signer was promoted to admin after the root-quorum ceremony cleared.                                                                                                                 |
| `wallet_signer.demoted`                                   | An admin was demoted to signer after the root-quorum ceremony cleared.                                                                                                                 |
| `transaction.awaiting_user_signature`                     | Payout parked at the quorum gate. Payload carries `verificationUrl` and `expiresAt` (the same URL also lives on per-signer `wallet_signer.invited` payloads for the enrollment phase). |
| `transaction.signature_collected`                         | One stamp recorded. Payload carries `votesCollected` and `votesRequired`. May re-fire if a roster change scrubs a stamp.                                                               |
| `transaction.quorum_met`                                  | Quorum reached; payout proceeds to broadcast.                                                                                                                                          |
| `transaction.failed` with `failureCode: "ROSTER_CHANGED"` | A roster change scrubbed enough stamps that the payout can no longer reach quorum on the new roster.                                                                                   |

## Error codes on the multi-signer surface

| Code                                  | Surface                                         | Meaning                                                                                                           |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `CUSTOMER_ALREADY_CUSTODIAL`          | `claim-non-custodial`                           | The customer already provisioned a custodial wallet via the legacy feature endpoint.                              |
| `CUSTOMER_ALREADY_NON_CUSTODIAL`      | `claim-non-custodial`                           | The customer already has a non-custodial wallet from a previous claim.                                            |
| `CUSTOMER_KYB_INCOMPLETE`             | `claim-non-custodial`                           | The customer has not yet been KYB-approved.                                                                       |
| `ROSTER_BELOW_MIN_ADMINS`             | `claim-non-custodial`, `remove`, `demote`       | The proposed roster has fewer than the required minimum of admins.                                                |
| `THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_ROSTER`            | `claim-non-custodial`, `add`, `remove`          | `signingThreshold` cannot exceed the number of `ACTIVE` signers.                                                  |
| `SIGNER_EMAIL_DUPLICATE`              | `claim-non-custodial`, `add`                    | Two roster members share an email.                                                                                |
| `SIGNER_NOT_FOUND`                    | `remove`, `promote`, `demote`, `simulate-stamp` | The signer id does not exist for the customer.                                                                    |
| `SIGNER_NOT_ACTIVE`                   | `remove`                                        | Signer is still in `PENDING_ACTIVATION` (never enrolled).                                                         |
| `SIGNER_IS_ROOT_MEMBER`               | `remove`                                        | Removing an admin directly would skip the root-quorum ceremony; demote first.                                     |
| `SIGNER_ALREADY_ADMIN`                | `promote`                                       | Target signer is already `admin`.                                                                                 |
| `SIGNER_NOT_ADMIN`                    | `demote`                                        | Target signer is not currently `admin`.                                                                           |
| `CEREMONY_IN_FLIGHT`                  | `add`, `remove`, `promote`, `demote`            | A previous ceremony is still running for this customer; retry after a short backoff.                              |
| `WOULD_BREAK_MIN_ADMINS`              | `remove`, `demote`                              | The change would drop the admin count below the minimum floor.                                                    |
| `QUORUM_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_SIGNERS`    | quorum endpoints                                | The requested threshold is greater than the active signer count.                                                  |
| `QUORUM_WALLET_OVERRIDE_CANNOT_RAISE` | per-wallet quorum override                      | A per-wallet override cannot exceed the customer-default threshold.                                               |
| `CLAIM_RESET_BLOCKED`                 | `simulate-reset-claim`                          | Open transactions, deposits, or pending signature approvals still reference the customer; terminalize them first. |
| `PROVIDER_ACCOUNT_NOT_FOUND`          | `simulate-reset-claim`                          | The customer has no non-custodial setup to reset.                                                                 |


# Non-Custodial Wallets
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/concepts/non-custodial-wallets

How non-custodial crypto wallets work — the customer controls the key and must approve every outbound transfer

## Overview

For sandbox lifecycle prose + copy-paste recipes (cosign approved and declined), see [`withdrawals.mdx` Step 4](/sandbox/withdrawals#step-4-resolve-the-cosign-gate).

Conduit supports two custody models for crypto wallets:

| Model             | Who controls the key        | How funds are moved                                                             |
| ----------------- | --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Custodial**     | Conduit                     | Conduit signs and broadcasts autonomously                                       |
| **Non-custodial** | Customer (end-user passkey) | Conduit and the customer co-sign; Conduit broadcasts after both signatures land |

In the non-custodial model, every customer has a dedicated key set that requires two cryptographic signatures to move funds: one from Conduit, and one from the customer. The customer's signature is generated on-device using a WebAuthn passkey — Conduit never sees the private key. Conduit alone cannot move non-custodial funds.

## Two-signature model

Moving funds from a non-custodial wallet always requires both:

1. **Conduit's signature** — applied automatically once compliance and Travel Rule checks pass.
2. **The customer's signature** — produced when the customer approves on the Conduit-hosted verify page using their passkey (Face ID, Touch ID, or a hardware security key).

Both signatures must land before Conduit broadcasts. The security guarantee is cryptographic, not application-level: there is no code path in which Conduit can bypass the customer's signature requirement.

## Withdrawal Flow

Compliance and Travel Rule data exchange complete **before** the customer is prompted. The customer is never asked to sign a transaction that has not already passed screening.

```
POST /v2/payouts  →  202 Accepted (status: "pending")
       │
       ▼
 Compliance + Travel Rule complete in the background — no client action.
       │
       ▼
 transaction.awaiting_user_signature fires
       • data.verificationUrl  ← route the customer here
       • data.expiresAt        ← sign before this time
       │
       ▼
 Customer approves on the verify page (passkey).
       │
       ▼
 Conduit broadcasts on-chain.
       │
       ▼
 transaction.completed fires when the chain confirms.
```

If the customer doesn't approve in time, or declines, `transaction.failed` fires with the matching `failureCode` (see [Failures](#failures) below).

## Verify Page

The verify page is a Conduit-hosted UI served at `https://web.conduit.financial/verify/<token>`. It is:

* **Branding-aware** — displays your organization's logo and colors.
* **Information-rich** — shows the transfer asset, amount, and destination address so the customer knows exactly what they are approving.
* **WebAuthn-native** — uses the customer's registered passkey (no password, no SMS OTP).

### Flow

1. Your backend receives `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` with `verificationUrl` on the webhook payload.
2. Route your customer to that URL (deep link, redirect, or in-app WebView).
3. The customer taps "Approve" — their device presents a biometric prompt (Face ID, Touch ID, or hardware key).
4. Conduit receives the passkey approval and resumes the payout.
5. The customer sees a confirmation screen. The payout proceeds to broadcast.

### Branding Customization

The verify page respects your organization's branding configuration (logo URL, primary color). Contact Conduit support to configure or update your branding.

## Timeout and Decline Behavior

| Scenario                                                             | What happens                                                                                           | Customer-facing message                                                      |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Customer approves within the signing window                          | Withdrawal proceeds to broadcast                                                                       | Confirmation screen on the verify page                                       |
| Customer does not approve within the signing window (default 15 min) | Payout fails; no funds moved; `transaction.failed` fires with `failureCode: "USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT"`  | "The signing window expired. Start a new payout when the customer is ready." |
| Customer clicks "Decline" on the verify page                         | Payout fails; no funds moved; `transaction.failed` fires with `failureCode: "USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED"` | "The customer declined the payout."                                          |
| Invalid passkey stamp (retryable)                                    | Verify page shows an error; customer can retry                                                         | Verify page error — same session, no new payout needed                       |

The signing window is 900 seconds (15 minutes) by default. The signing timer and the verification token TTL share the same value — both expire together.

## Webhook Integration

Subscribe to `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` to know when a non-custodial payout is awaiting approval. See the [Webhooks reference](/webhooks#transactionawaiting_user_signature) for the full payload schema.

Recommended flow on your backend:

```
Receive transaction.awaiting_user_signature
   │
   ├── Store verificationUrl and expiresAt (from the webhook payload) against the transactionId
   │
   └── Notify the customer (push notification, email, in-app alert)
         → Deep-link to verificationUrl before expiresAt
```

The verify URL and expiry are delivered only on the webhook — they are not exposed on `GET /v2/payouts/:id`. Persist the webhook payload (or its essential fields) so you can surface the verify URL to the customer on demand.

## `GET /v2/payouts/:id` Response

While a payout is awaiting the customer's signature, the response continues to report `requiresUserSignature: true` and, if the payout is queued behind earlier signing work on the same wallet+chain, a `queuePosition`:

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "status": "pending",
  "requiresUserSignature": true,
  "queuePosition": 0
}
```

`queuePosition` is the payout's slot in the per-(wallet, chain) signing queue (`0` = head of queue / signing now). It is absent once the payout is no longer on the user-signature path or has reached a terminal status.

`requiresUserSignature` is a present-tense gate: `true` while the payout is awaiting the end-user's signature, `false` once `status` reaches `completed`, `failed`, or `cancelled`. It is also present on the `POST /v2/payouts` response (derived from the wallet's custody model at submission) so your frontend can immediately prepare the user-routing flow without waiting for the webhook. After the response goes terminal, expect `false` regardless of the source wallet's custody model — don't keep waiting on a settled row.

## Sandbox Testing

In sandbox mode (`staging-sandbox` / `production-sandbox`), the real signing flow is bypassed. Resolve the cosign gate via one of two endpoints. They produce the same outcome a real customer action on the verify page would, and the payout reaches `completed` or `failed` automatically — no follow-up `simulate-confirm` is required.

### Simulate endpoints

**Recommended: resolve by payout ID** — most integrators should use this variant. Drive any specific payout end-to-end keyed by the `id` returned from `POST /v2/payouts`:

```bash theme={null}
POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate-user-signature
Content-Type: application/json

{ "outcome": "APPROVED" | "DECLINED" }
```

**Advanced: resolve by wallet + activity ID** — the wallet-keyed variant exists for advanced tests that already track cosign activity IDs through other channels (for example, a flow that issues multiple cosign activities against the same wallet and resolves them out of band). Most integrators should use the payout-ID variant above.

```bash theme={null}
POST /v2/sandbox/wallets/:walletId/simulate-cosign-complete
Content-Type: application/json

{ "activityId": "<cosign activity id>", "outcome": "APPROVED" | "DECLINED" }
```

Both return 204 on success. Repeating the call after the activity has been resolved returns 409.

## Failures

Once `POST /v2/payouts` returns `202 Accepted`, any failure during the signing flow arrives on the `transaction.failed` webhook. When the failure has a cause your integration can act on, the payload carries a `failureCode`:

| `failureCode`                         | What happened                                                                                   | What to do                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`              | The customer did not approve the payout before the signing window expired (default 15 minutes). | No funds were moved. Submit a new payout when the customer is ready to sign.                                                      |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`             | The customer declined the payout from the approval page.                                        | No funds were moved. Submit a new payout if the decline was unintentional.                                                        |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER` | The customer's passkey approval could not be accepted.                                          | No funds were moved. Submit a new payout. If the same customer or wallet hits this repeatedly, contact support.                   |
| `CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED`         | The wallet's configuration prevents Conduit from moving funds from it.                          | No funds were moved. Conduit is investigating automatically. Contact support if the wallet is needed for a time-sensitive payout. |

The webhook `reason` field is a human-readable version of the `failureCode`. The same `failureCode` is surfaced on `GET /v2/transactions/:id` and `GET /v2/payouts/:id`, so a fresh GET reconciles 1:1 with the webhook.

If `transaction.failed` arrives without a `failureCode`, the payout could not be completed and the cause is not something your integration can act on. Treat the transaction as terminal and contact support if the customer needs help understanding why.


# Registered Addresses
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/concepts/registered-addresses

Pre-registered crypto destination addresses for INTERCOMPANY payouts and a reusable address book

## Overview

A Registered Address is a crypto destination address that your organization whitelists against a customer. Registering screens the address once and records it; a crypto payout with `purpose: INTERCOMPANY` then requires its `destination.recipient.address` to match a `REGISTERED` entry for that customer — otherwise the payout returns `422 RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED`. The registered address is a **whitelist match by chain + address that gates the payout**, not a recipient you reference by id: every `POST /v2/payouts` still carries the full `destination.recipient`, and there is no `registeredAddressId` field. For any other purpose, registering is not required — the inline recipient is accepted without a prior whitelist entry.

Registration is **synchronous** — a successful `POST` returns the address already in `REGISTERED` status. (This differs from [whitelist recipients](/concepts/whitelist-recipients), where bank recipients go through an asynchronous review.)

## Custody types

A registered address declares who controls the destination wallet, set by the `type` discriminator:

* **`SELF_CUSTODY`** — the customer owns and controls the wallet. Requires `selfCustodyAttestation: true`.
* **`THIRD_PARTY`** — the wallet belongs to someone else (for example, a counterparty's wallet). Requires `originatorDetails` describing the beneficial owner, used for Travel Rule disclosure:
  * `entityType: "INDIVIDUAL"` → `firstName`, `lastName`, `dateOfBirth`, `countryOfCitizenship`
  * `entityType: "BUSINESS"` → `legalName`, `country`

## Lifecycle

| Status       | Meaning                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `REGISTERED` | The address has been screened and is ready to receive payouts. Returned synchronously on a successful registration.                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `SUSPENDED`  | The registration has been temporarily suspended. Payouts to this address are blocked until it is restored. A `409 REGISTERED_ADDRESS_SUSPENDED` is returned both when re-registering an already-suspended address and when a first-time registration is screened and suspended on the spot — in either case don't retry; contact Conduit. |
| `REVOKED`    | The registration was cancelled via `DELETE`. Terminal.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |

Re-registering an address that is already `REGISTERED` for the customer is idempotent — it returns the existing record rather than creating a duplicate.

## Key fields

| Field                    | Type                            | Description                                                                    |
| ------------------------ | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `id`                     | `wra_*`                         | Unique identifier for the registered address.                                  |
| `chain`                  | string                          | Chain the address is on (e.g. `ethereum`).                                     |
| `address`                | string                          | The destination address. Returned normalized (e.g. lowercased for EVM chains). |
| `type`                   | `SELF_CUSTODY` \| `THIRD_PARTY` | Custody model declared at registration.                                        |
| `selfCustodyAttestation` | boolean                         | Present for `SELF_CUSTODY`; the customer attests they own the wallet.          |
| `originatorDetails`      | object \| null                  | Beneficial-owner disclosure for `THIRD_PARTY`.                                 |
| `status`                 | see above                       | Current status.                                                                |
| `label`                  | string \| null                  | Optional human-readable label.                                                 |

## API surface

* `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets/registered-addresses` — register an address (requires `Idempotency-Key`); returns `201` with `status: REGISTERED`
* `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets/registered-addresses` — list registered addresses for the customer
* `GET /v2/wallets/registered-addresses/:id` — get a single registered address
* `DELETE /v2/wallets/registered-addresses/:id` — revoke a registered address (terminal)

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST {{api-host}}/v2/customers/$CUSTOMER_ID/wallets/registered-addresses \
  -H "x-api-key: $API_KEY" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "content-type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "type": "SELF_CUSTODY",
    "chain": "ethereum",
    "address": "0xRecipientAddress",
    "selfCustodyAttestation": true,
    "label": "Treasury cold wallet"
  }'
```


# Signing thresholds
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/concepts/signing-thresholds

How M-of-N thresholds, minimum-admin floors, and per-wallet overrides work together on multi-signer non-custodial wallets.

A multi-signer customer has two separate constraints that govern who can do what. They are independent: changing one does not satisfy the other.

This page covers both. For the broader multi-signer mental model see [Multi-signer wallets](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets). For the payout-side walkthrough and roster ceremonies see [Multi-signer wallets recipe](/sandbox/multi-signer-wallets#the-6-step-recipe).

## Threshold (M-of-N)

The number of stamps any single payout needs to reach quorum and broadcast. Set per customer at claim time as `signingThreshold`. A 5-member roster with `signingThreshold: 2` collects 2 stamps and proceeds; a 3-member roster with `signingThreshold: 3` requires all three.

The threshold can be adjusted later via the signing-quorum endpoints. Per-wallet overrides are allowed, with one constraint (see [Per-wallet overrides](#per-wallet-overrides) below).

**Constraints:**

* Threshold must be between `1` and the number of `ACTIVE` signers.
* Raising the threshold above the active signer count returns `422 THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_ROSTER` (at claim time) or `422 QUORUM_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_SIGNERS` (on a quorum update).
* Lowering the threshold below `1` is rejected at the DTO layer.

## Minimum admins

The floor on how many `admin` signers must remain at all times. Admins are the only role that can change the roster (add, remove, promote, demote). The floor is enforced on every roster mutation and on every demote: an attempt that would drop the admin count below the floor returns `403 WOULD_BREAK_MIN_ADMINS` (or `422 ROSTER_BELOW_MIN_ADMINS` at claim time).

The current floor is **2 admins**. The reason is recoverability: with a single admin, losing access to that admin's passkey would lock you out of the roster permanently. Two admins means either one can promote a fresh admin if the other is compromised or unavailable.

Demoting an admin always triggers a root-quorum ceremony, even when the floor would still be satisfied. Removing an admin directly is rejected with `409 SIGNER_IS_ROOT_MEMBER`: you must demote first, then remove.

## How the two constraints compose

| Scenario                                          | Threshold check | Min-admin check                              | Outcome                                    |
| ------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Claim with 3 signers, threshold 2, 2 admins       | Pass (2 ≤ 3)    | Pass (2 ≥ 2)                                 | Accepted                                   |
| Claim with 3 signers, threshold 2, 1 admin        | Pass            | Fail                                         | `422 ROSTER_BELOW_MIN_ADMINS`              |
| Claim with 3 signers, threshold 4, 2 admins       | Fail            | Pass                                         | `422 THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_ROSTER`             |
| Remove signer when 2 admins, 3 total, threshold 2 | n/a             | Pass (2 admins remain if target is a signer) | Accepted                                   |
| Remove admin when 2 admins, threshold 2           | n/a             | Block (direct remove on admin)               | `409 SIGNER_IS_ROOT_MEMBER` (demote first) |
| Demote admin when 2 admins                        | n/a             | Fail (would drop to 1)                       | `403 WOULD_BREAK_MIN_ADMINS`               |
| Demote admin when 3 admins, threshold 2           | n/a             | Pass (2 admins remain)                       | Accepted, triggers ceremony                |

## Per-wallet overrides

A customer can set a different threshold on a specific wallet. Use this when one wallet holds higher-value assets that should require more signatures than the customer default.

**One-way constraint:** a per-wallet override may only **lower** the threshold relative to the customer default. Raising via override returns `422 QUORUM_WALLET_OVERRIDE_CANNOT_RAISE`. The reason is policy composition at the signing layer: the customer-default and per-wallet policies are evaluated in parallel, and the effective threshold is the lower of the two. A raise-above-default override would be silently under-enforced because the default still passes at the lower count.

This constraint goes away once the customer-default policy is rewritten to exclude override wallets. Until then, design your override scheme around the one-way rule.

## Common pitfalls

* **Threshold of 1 on a multi-signer claim.** This is allowed, and it collapses the multi-signer surface back to "any one signer can release." Useful for testing; not what most teams want in production.
* **Demoting the second-to-last admin.** Hits `403 WOULD_BREAK_MIN_ADMINS`. Promote a signer to admin first.
* **Removing an admin without demoting.** Hits `409 SIGNER_IS_ROOT_MEMBER`. Demote, wait for the ceremony to complete, then remove.
* **Sequential roster changes.** Promote/demote/add/remove all go through ceremonies, and ceremonies run sequentially per customer. A second mutation while the first is still in flight returns `409 CEREMONY_IN_FLIGHT`. Retry with a short backoff.


# Virtual Accounts
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/concepts/virtual-accounts

Client-facing account abstractions for receiving funds

## Overview

A Virtual Account is the customer-facing account abstraction for receiving funds in an asset. Clients see the Virtual Account, not the underlying provider bank accounts that Conduit provisions and manages internally.

Virtual Accounts are scoped to a customer and asset. For fiat assets, each active Virtual Account can expose deposit instructions grouped by collection rail, such as ACH, Fedwire, RTP, or SWIFT.

## Lifecycle

| Status               | Meaning                                                                                            |
| -------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `pending_activation` | The Virtual Account has been requested and Conduit is provisioning provider-side backing accounts. |
| `active`             | At least one backing account is active and deposit instructions can be returned.                   |
| `disabled`           | The Virtual Account is no longer available for new deposits.                                       |

## Deposit Instructions

Deposit instructions are returned on the Virtual Account as `depositInstructions[]`. Each element is a **deposit block** — a discriminated union grouped by collection method rather than individual rails.

### Block types

| `type`         | Description                                                                                                                                                                               |
| -------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `domestic_usd` | Domestic USD rails (ACH, Fedwire, RTP). Includes `accountNumber`, `beneficiaryName`, `beneficiaryAddress`, `bank`, `paymentReference`, and a `rails[]` array.                             |
| `swift_usd`    | International SWIFT transfers. Includes `accountNumber`, `iban`, `beneficiaryName`, `beneficiaryAddress`, `bank`, `correspondent`, `paymentReference`, and a one-element `rails[]` array. |

### Rail entries

Each block contains a `rails[]` array describing the individual networks available for that block:

Each `domestic_usd` rail entry includes `routingNumber` and, depending on the rail:

* **ach**: `sameDayEligible` (boolean) reflects same-day ACH eligibility for this bank.
* **fedwire**: no `sameDayEligible` or `networks` fields.
* **rtp**: `networks` lists the supported RTP networks (e.g. `["TCH", "FEDNOW"]`); `fednowCap` is set when `FEDNOW` is supported.
* **swift** entries carry only the `rail` discriminant.

### Bank information

The optional `bank` object on each block contains `legalName`, `address`, `bic`, and `abas` (with `fedwire`, `ach`, and `rtp` routing numbers). When `bank` is `null` the information is not disclosed for that block.

Conduit does not expose provider names, bank-account ids, payment-routing rule ids, or raw provider metadata in client-facing Virtual Account responses.

## API Surface

Use the customer-scoped read endpoints to retrieve Virtual Accounts:

* `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/virtual-accounts`
* `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/virtual-accounts/:virtualAccountId`

The list endpoint accepts an optional `?asset=USD` query parameter to filter by asset code (case-insensitive). Both endpoints require the customer to have the `VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT` feature enabled.


# Whitelist Recipients
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/concepts/whitelist-recipients

Pre-registered intercompany counterparties for INTERCOMPANY payouts

## Overview

A Whitelist Recipient is an intercompany bank account that your organization pre-registers and has reviewed by Conduit before any funds move. Only recipients in `REGISTERED` status unlock `purpose: INTERCOMPANY` payouts for the associated customer.

Whitelist recipients are scoped to a customer. Each entry records a bank account (US domestic or SWIFT/IBAN), the legal holder name, the relationship to the customer, and the evidence documents that support the registration.

## Relationships

* **Customer** -- each recipient is scoped to a single customer (`customerId`). You may register multiple recipients per customer.
* **Documents** -- one or more previously uploaded `doc_*` documents are attached as `evidenceDocumentIds` at registration time. These evidence the intercompany relationship (ownership chart, inter-company agreement, bank statement).
* **Payouts** -- a payout with `purpose: INTERCOMPANY` requires a `REGISTERED` recipient matching the destination bank details. The `RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED` error fires if no such entry exists.

## Lifecycle

| Status           | Meaning                                                                                                                                                   |
| ---------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `PENDING_REVIEW` | The registration has been submitted and is awaiting compliance review.                                                                                    |
| `REGISTERED`     | The recipient has been approved. `purpose: INTERCOMPANY` payouts may now target this account.                                                             |
| `REJECTED`       | The registration was declined. The `rejectionReason` field carries the detail. Resubmit with corrected information to start a new review.                 |
| `SUSPENDED`      | The entry has been temporarily suspended by Conduit. New payouts to this recipient are blocked until the suspension is lifted.                            |
| `REVOKED`        | The registration was cancelled, either by your organization (`DELETE /v2/customers/:id/whitelist-recipients/:recipientId`) or by Conduit. Terminal state. |

Review outcomes are delivered via `whitelist_recipient.*` webhooks. Do not poll for status changes -- listen for the webhook.

## Key fields

| Field                 | Type                     | Description                                                                                                         |
| --------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `id`                  | `wlr_*`                  | Unique identifier for the recipient.                                                                                |
| `rail`                | `US` \| `SWIFT`          | Payment rail. `US` identifies by ABA routing number + account number. `SWIFT` identifies by IBAN.                   |
| `holderName`          | string                   | Legal name of the bank account holder.                                                                              |
| `relationship`        | `SELF` \| `GROUP_ENTITY` | Whether this is the customer's own account (`SELF`) or another entity in the same corporate group (`GROUP_ENTITY`). |
| `bankIdentifier`      | string \| null           | ABA routing number for `US` rail; null for `SWIFT` (bank identified via IBAN).                                      |
| `accountIdentifier`   | string                   | Account number (`US`) or IBAN (`SWIFT`).                                                                            |
| `evidenceDocumentIds` | `doc_*[]`                | Documents uploaded to support the registration.                                                                     |
| `status`              | see above                | Current review status.                                                                                              |
| `rejectionReason`     | string \| null           | Present when `status` is `REJECTED`.                                                                                |

## API surface

* `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/whitelist-recipients` -- register a new recipient (requires `Idempotency-Key`)
* `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/whitelist-recipients` -- list recipients, optionally filtered by `?status=`
* `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/whitelist-recipients/:id` -- get a single recipient
* `DELETE /v2/customers/:customerId/whitelist-recipients/:id` -- revoke a recipient (terminal)

In sandbox, two simulate endpoints bypass the review queue:

* `POST /v2/sandbox/whitelist-recipients/:id/simulate-approve` -- move `PENDING_REVIEW` → `REGISTERED`
* `POST /v2/sandbox/whitelist-recipients/:id/simulate-reject` -- move `PENDING_REVIEW` → `REJECTED`


# Error Codes
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors

Reference of public Conduit API error codes

All Conduit API errors follow [RFC 9457](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9457) (Problem Details for HTTP APIs). Every error response includes a machine-readable public `type` field that uniquely identifies the error.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "VALIDATION_ERROR",
  "title": "Validation Error",
  "status": 400,
  "detail": "The field 'email' is not a valid email address.",
  "resolution": "Check the 'errors' array in the response for specific field-level issues and correct your request payload accordingly.",
  "docs": "https://conduit-v2.mintlify.app/errors#validation-error",
  "instance": "/v2/customers/cus_033NVvWNQgT5Arna7wIHO8",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

<Note>
  Always match on the `type` field for error handling logic, not on `status` or
  `title`. The `type` code is stable across API versions. The `title` is
  human-readable and may change.
</Note>

## Synchronous vs terminal failure codes

Conduit surfaces failures on two distinct channels. Branch your error-handling code on which channel a code arrives on, not on the code alone.

**Synchronous HTTP responses.** RFC 9457 Problem Details bodies on the same response as the request that caused them. Validation (`VALIDATION_ERROR`, `ONBOARDING_NOT_READY`), authentication (`AUTH_INVALID_API_KEY`), conflicts (`CONFLICT`, `IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_CONFLICT`, `RESOURCE_TERMINAL`), preconditions (`SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY`), rate limits (`RATE_LIMITED`), and similar errors arrive here. A `try/catch` around the HTTP call sees these.

**Terminal `failureCode` values.** Codes like `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`, `COMPLIANCE_HOLD`, `RETURNED_BY_SENDER`, `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`, `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`, `ROSTER_CHANGED`, `CHAIN_BROADCAST_FAILED` never arrive on an HTTP response. They arrive as the `failureCode` field on:

* `transaction.failed` / `transaction.rejected` events delivered to your registered webhook endpoint, and
* `GET /v2/transactions/{id}` when polled after the transaction reaches a terminal state.

A `try/catch` around `POST /v2/payouts` only sees synchronous codes. Terminal codes arrive later via your webhook handler or the next read of the transaction. See [webhooks](/webhooks) for the webhook payload shape, the [API reference](/api-reference) for the synchronous error shapes per endpoint, and the [transaction failure-code catalog](#transaction-failure-code-catalog) below for terminal codes and their meanings. The "Channel" column on the failure-codes table names where each code is observable.

### Field-level errors (`errors[]`)

`VALIDATION_ERROR`, `ONBOARDING_NOT_READY`, and `DOCUMENT_IDS_NOT_FOUND` carry an `errors` array — one entry per invalid field — alongside the top-level fields above:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "ONBOARDING_NOT_READY",
  "title": "Onboarding Not Ready",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "Validation failed",
  "errors": [
    { "pointer": "/businessInfo/taxId", "detail": "Tax ID is required", "category": "field" },
    { "pointer": "/documentIds", "detail": "At least one document is required", "category": "document" },
    { "pointer": "/ownership/persons", "detail": "At least 1 CONTROLLING_PERSON is required", "category": "individual" }
  ]
}
```

* `pointer` is an [RFC 6901](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6901) JSON Pointer to the offending field.
* `detail` describes the problem (never echoes the rejected value).
* `category` is optional; when set, it's one of `field`, `document`, or `individual` and lets you group blockers without parsing pointers. `field` = form-field gap. `document` = missing or insufficient document (including per-UBO document slots — the pointer still names the person). `individual` = a required person is missing or has a non-document validation issue. The category is set by the requirements validator (`ONBOARDING_NOT_READY` and per-flow `VALIDATION_ERROR`); it's omitted on top-level schema rejections that don't carry the same context.

## Transaction failure-code catalog

The table below is committed alongside the runtime enum; CI breaks if a code is added without updating it. Each code links to its recovery playbook.

| Code                                  | Terminal state | Channel          | Description                                                                                                                                                                                       | Playbook                                                |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| `CHAIN_BROADCAST_FAILED`              | failed         | webhook + polled | The signed payout could not be broadcast to the chain before reaching finality; no funds left the wallet                                                                                          | [Playbook](/errors#chain-broadcast-failed)              |
| `COMPLIANCE_HOLD`                     | failed         | webhook + polled | Compliance review held the funds; manual remediation required                                                                                                                                     | [Playbook](/errors/compliance-hold)                     |
| `COMPLIANCE_REJECTED`                 | failed         | webhook + polled | A compliance reviewer rejected the payout's supporting documentation; reserved funds were returned (fires transaction.rejected, not transaction.failed)                                           | [Playbook](/errors#compliance-rejected)                 |
| `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`          | failed         | webhook + polled | Transaction rejected in regulatory compliance review; non-retryable                                                                                                                               | [Playbook](/errors/compliance-review-rejected)          |
| `CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED`         | failed         | webhook + polled | The source wallet is missing required custody configuration; the payout could not be signed                                                                                                       | [Playbook](/errors/crypto-wallet-misconfigured)         |
| `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`        | failed         | webhook + polled | Source funds were insufficient at the settlement attempt                                                                                                                                          | [Playbook](/errors/insufficient-funds-at-settle)        |
| `PROVIDER_REJECTED`                   | failed         | webhook + polled | The crypto outbound provider declined the broadcast request before the transaction was submitted to the chain                                                                                     | [Playbook](/errors/provider-rejected)                   |
| `RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`                | failed         | webhook + polled | The receiving rail rejected the payment per its policy                                                                                                                                            | [Playbook](/errors/rail-policy-rejected)                |
| `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`                    | failed         | webhook + polled | The chosen rail was temporarily unavailable                                                                                                                                                       | [Playbook](/errors/rail-unavailable)                    |
| `RETURNED_BY_SENDER`                  | failed         | webhook + polled | The inbound transfer was returned by the originating institution before it could be credited                                                                                                      | [Playbook](/errors/returned-by-sender)                  |
| `ROSTER_CHANGED`                      | failed         | webhook + polled | A signer on the customer's roster was removed (or demoted out of the signing pool) while the payout was awaiting signatures; the half-collected stamps were voided so the fintech can re-initiate | [Playbook](/errors#roster-changed)                      |
| `SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT`                 | failed         | webhook + polled | Sender-information gate expired before resolution                                                                                                                                                 | [Playbook](/errors/sender-info-timeout)                 |
| `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`                | failed         | webhook + polled | Counterparty rejected the Travel Rule request, or Travel Rule validation failed pre-broadcast                                                                                                     | [Playbook](/errors/travel-rule-rejected)                |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`             | failed         | webhook + polled | End user explicitly declined to sign                                                                                                                                                              | [Playbook](/errors/user-signature-declined)             |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER` | failed         | webhook + polled | Custody provider rejected the signature payload                                                                                                                                                   | [Playbook](/errors/user-signature-rejected-by-provider) |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`              | failed         | webhook + polled | End user did not sign within the cosign window                                                                                                                                                    | [Playbook](/errors/user-signature-timeout)              |

## Sandbox simulate endpoint errors

These codes are returned as HTTP errors by sandbox simulate endpoints. They are not `failureCode` values on transactions.

| Code                                           | HTTP status | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Playbook                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT`                  | 409         | Source wallet has a non-custodial payout awaiting signature on the same chain                                                                                                                                                                                                            | [Playbook](/errors/concurrent-cosign-in-flight)                  |
| `INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT`                       | 400         | EVM address must be all-lowercase or a correct EIP-55 checksum                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | [Playbook](/errors/invalid-address-format)                       |
| `RESOURCE_TERMINAL`                            | 409         | Tried to drive a simulate against an already-terminal entity                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [Playbook](/errors/resource-terminal)                            |
| `SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY` | 422         | Called a sandbox simulate endpoint whose requested outcome is not viable in the transaction's current phase (e.g. simulate/settled or simulate/confirm against a payout parked at the document-review gate, or simulate/terminal with outcome:completed before a fiat route is selected) | [Playbook](/errors/sandbox-transaction-not-force-terminal-ready) |

For HTTP-level error responses (e.g., `400 VALIDATION_ERROR`, `404 NOT_FOUND`, `409 CONFLICT`), see the per-status sections below.

## Error Codes

<h3>
  Validation Error
</h3>

`VALIDATION_ERROR` — HTTP 400

The request body or query parameters failed validation. One or more fields have invalid values, missing required properties, or incorrect types. Multipart file uploads that fail at the multipart-parser layer (unexpected form-field name, too many parts) carry an extra 'field' member naming the offending form-field.

**Resolution:** Check the 'errors' array in the response for specific field-level issues and correct your request payload accordingly. For multipart uploads, also inspect the optional 'field' member.

<h3>
  Malformed JSON Body
</h3>

`MALFORMED_JSON` — HTTP 400

The request body could not be parsed as JSON. Bodies declared as 'application/json' — and bodies with no Content-Type header, which are assumed to be JSON — must contain syntactically valid JSON.

**Resolution:** Fix the JSON syntax in the request body. If you intended to send a different format, declare it in the Content-Type header instead; JSON endpoints only accept 'application/json'.

<h3>
  Rate Limited
</h3>

`RATE_LIMITED` — HTTP 429

Too many requests. This error is returned by three independent checks: the per-organization bucket applied to every authenticated API request; the per-IP bucket applied to unauthenticated traffic before an API key is validated; and the per-IP bucket applied when repeated invalid API keys are submitted from the same address. Honor the Retry-After header (also exposed as retryAfterSeconds in the body) before retrying. Current limits and remaining budget are visible in X-RateLimit-Limit, X-RateLimit-Remaining, and X-RateLimit-Reset on rate-limited route responses.

**Resolution:** Sleep until Retry-After seconds have elapsed, then retry. For sustained workloads exceeding the per-organization defaults, request a rate-limit increase through your support contact.

<h3>
  Invalid Object ID Format
</h3>

`INVALID_OID_FORMAT` — HTTP 400

A path or query parameter expected a valid object identifier but received a value that does not match the expected format.

**Resolution:** Verify that all IDs in the request URL and query parameters are correctly formatted. IDs are typically prefixed strings like 'cus\_...', 'app\_...', or 'doc\_...'.

<h3>
  Invalid Cursor
</h3>

`INVALID_CURSOR` — HTTP 400

The pagination cursor provided in the request is malformed or has expired.

**Resolution:** Use a cursor value returned from a previous list response. Do not construct cursor values manually. If the cursor has expired, start pagination from the beginning.

<h3>
  API Key Missing
</h3>

`API_KEY_MISSING` — HTTP 401

The request did not include an API key. All API requests must be authenticated.

**Resolution:** Include your API key in the 'x-api-key' header with every request.

<h3>
  API Key Invalid
</h3>

`API_KEY_INVALID` — HTTP 401

The provided API key is not recognized or has been revoked.

**Resolution:** Verify that your API key is correct and has not been revoked. Generate a new key from the dashboard if needed.

<h3>
  Feature Not Enabled
</h3>

`FEATURE_NOT_ENABLED` — HTTP 403

Your account does not have access to this feature. Features are enabled on a per-account basis.

**Resolution:** Contact support to request access to this feature, or check your account settings to verify which features are enabled.

<h3>
  API Key Creation Disabled
</h3>

`API_KEY_CREATION_DISABLED` — HTTP 403

API key creation is not currently enabled for this organization.

**Resolution:** Contact Conduit to request API access for your organization.

<h3>
  API Key Is Read-Only
</h3>

`API_KEY_READ_ONLY` — HTTP 403

This API key has read-only access and cannot perform write operations. Read-only keys may make read requests (GET, HEAD, OPTIONS) only.

**Resolution:** Use a read-write API key for this request, or have an organization admin mint one from the dashboard.

<h3>
  Read-Write Key Requires Admin
</h3>

`API_KEY_WRITE_REQUIRES_ADMIN` — HTTP 403

Only an organization admin can create a read-write API key. Developers may create read-only keys.

**Resolution:** Ask an organization admin to create the read-write key, or create a read-only key instead.

<h3>
  Insufficient Role
</h3>

`INSUFFICIENT_ROLE` — HTTP 403

Your user role does not permit this action. This operation requires a higher-privileged role.

**Resolution:** Ask an organization admin to perform this action or to grant you the required role.

<h3>
  Last Organization Admin
</h3>

`LAST_ORG_ADMIN` — HTTP 409

This user is the organization's only admin. An organization must always have at least one admin.

**Resolution:** Invite or assign another organization admin before removing this user.

<h3>
  Cannot Remove Self
</h3>

`CANNOT_REMOVE_SELF` — HTTP 409

You cannot remove your own account from the organization.

**Resolution:** Ask another organization admin to remove your account.

<h3>
  Internal Error
</h3>

`INTERNAL_ERROR` — HTTP 500

An unexpected error occurred while processing your request.

**Resolution:** Retry the request after a brief delay. If the error persists, contact support and include the correlationId from the error response for investigation.

<h3>
  Bad Request
</h3>

`BAD_REQUEST` — HTTP 400

The request could not be understood or was missing required parameters.

**Resolution:** Review the request format and ensure all required parameters are present and correctly typed.

<h3>
  Unauthorized
</h3>

`UNAUTHORIZED` — HTTP 401

Authentication is required and has not been provided or is invalid.

**Resolution:** Provide valid authentication credentials. Check that your API key or token has not expired.

<h3>
  Forbidden
</h3>

`FORBIDDEN` — HTTP 403

You do not have permission to perform this action on the requested resource.

**Resolution:** Verify that your account has the required permissions for this operation. Contact your administrator if you believe this is an error.

<h3>
  Not Found
</h3>

`NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

The requested resource does not exist or you do not have access to it.

**Resolution:** Check that the resource ID in the URL is correct. The resource may have been deleted or may belong to a different account.

<h3>
  Conflict
</h3>

`CONFLICT` — HTTP 409

The request conflicts with the current state of the resource. This usually means a duplicate or a state transition that is not allowed.

**Resolution:** Check the current state of the resource before retrying. If creating a resource, verify that a resource with the same unique fields does not already exist.

<h3>
  Gone
</h3>

`GONE` — HTTP 410

The requested resource has been permanently removed and is no longer available.

**Resolution:** This resource has been deleted and cannot be recovered. Remove any references to it in your system.

<h3>
  Precondition Failed
</h3>

`PRECONDITION_FAILED` — HTTP 412

A precondition specified in the request headers was not met by the server.

**Resolution:** Re-fetch the resource to get the current state and retry with the updated precondition values.

<h3>
  Unprocessable Entity
</h3>

`UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY` — HTTP 422

The request was well-formed but could not be processed due to semantic errors or business rule violations.

**Resolution:** Review the error details and adjust your request to comply with the documented business rules for this endpoint.

<h3>
  Payload Too Large
</h3>

`PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE` — HTTP 413

The request body exceeds the maximum size accepted by the server.

**Resolution:** Reduce the size of the request payload and retry. For file uploads, the response will instead carry the more specific FILE\_TOO\_LARGE code with the limit and offending field.

<h3>
  Unsupported Media Type
</h3>

`UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE` — HTTP 415

The request carries a body with a Content-Type this endpoint cannot parse. JSON endpoints accept 'application/json'; a body with no Content-Type header at all is assumed to be JSON. File-upload endpoints accept only 'multipart/form-data' — JSON or undeclared bodies are rejected there.

**Resolution:** Send the request body with the 'Content-Type: application/json' header. For file uploads, use 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data' — upload endpoints accept no other body type.

<h3>
  Bad Gateway
</h3>

`BAD_GATEWAY` — HTTP 502

An upstream service returned an invalid response while processing your request.

**Resolution:** Retry the request after a brief delay. If the error persists, an upstream dependency may be experiencing issues.

<h3>
  Service Unavailable
</h3>

`SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE` — HTTP 503

The service is temporarily unable to handle your request due to maintenance or capacity constraints.

**Resolution:** Retry the request using exponential backoff. Check the status page for any ongoing incidents.

<h3>
  Customer Not Found
</h3>

`CUSTOMER_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No customer exists with the specified ID, or the customer belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the customer ID is correct. Use the list customers endpoint to find valid customer IDs for your organization.

<h3>
  Customer Not Onboarded
</h3>

`CUSTOMER_NOT_ONBOARDED` — HTTP 422

This operation requires the customer to have completed onboarding, but the customer has not been fully onboarded yet.

**Resolution:** Complete the customer onboarding process before attempting this operation. See the onboarding guide for the required steps.

**Runbook:** [Customer Not Onboarded](/errors/customer-not-onboarded)

<h3>
  Document IDs Not Found
</h3>

`DOCUMENT_IDS_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 400

One or more document IDs provided in the request do not exist or do not belong to this customer.

**Resolution:** Verify that all document IDs are correct and belong to the customer specified in the request.

<h3>
  Application Not Found
</h3>

`APPLICATION_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No application exists with the specified ID, or the application belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the application ID is correct. Use the list applications endpoint to find valid application IDs for your organization.

<h3>
  Application Invalid Status
</h3>

`APPLICATION_INVALID_STATUS` — HTTP 409

The requested operation cannot be performed because the application is not in the required status.

**Resolution:** Check the application's current status and refer to the documentation for allowed status transitions.

<h3>
  Application Already Decided
</h3>

`APPLICATION_ALREADY_DECIDED` — HTTP 409

The application has already reached a terminal status (approved, rejected, or cancelled) and cannot be decided again.

**Resolution:** A decided application is final. Create a new application instead of re-deciding this one.

<h3>
  Rejection Category Not Applicable
</h3>

`REJECTION_CATEGORY_NOT_APPLICABLE` — HTTP 422

The sandbox application-simulate `category` body field is only meaningful for KYB-pipeline applications. Other application types reject any `category` value.

**Resolution:** Omit the `category` field (the service falls back to a generic sandbox-rejection sentinel) or call simulate/decision with `outcome: "rejected"` against a KYB-pipeline application.

<h3>
  Invalid Legal Structure
</h3>

`INVALID_LEGAL_STRUCTURE` — HTTP 400

The submitted `companyClassification.legalStructure` is not a valid local structure for the registered country. Valid options are surfaced by the discovery endpoint (`/v2/onboarding/requirements?country=...`); the submission must use one of those exact option values.

**Resolution:** Re-fetch the requirements for the registered country and submit one of the listed `companyClassification.legalStructure` option values verbatim.

<h3>
  Order Not Found
</h3>

`ORDER_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No order exists with the specified ID, or the order has expired.

**Resolution:** Verify the order ID is correct. Orders have a limited validity period; create a new order if the previous one has expired.

<h3>
  Unsupported Pair
</h3>

`UNSUPPORTED_PAIR` — HTTP 422

The requested source and destination asset pair is not supported.

**Resolution:** Check the configured trading pairs and submit a supported source/destination asset combination.

<h3>
  Invalid Order Combination
</h3>

`INVALID_ORDER_COMBO` — HTTP 422

The requested order combination is not supported: same-asset same-chain moves, mismatched source and destination resources, or an autoPayout shape that does not match the order direction. OFFRAMP orders require a fiat autoPayout (`{ rail, recipient }`); ONRAMP orders require a crypto autoPayout (`{ recipient: { rail: 'CRYPTO', chain, address, attestation } }`), self- or third-party-custody. Crypto autoPayout addresses must be external; Conduit-managed wallet addresses are refused.

**Resolution:** Adjust the source/destination pair to a supported combination, or align autoPayout with the order direction: fiat autoPayout for OFFRAMP, crypto autoPayout for ONRAMP. For ONRAMP, the recipient address must be external (not a Conduit-managed wallet) and match the destination wallet's chain.

<h3>
  No Pricing Configured
</h3>

`NO_PRICING_CONFIGURED` — HTTP 404

No active pricing profile contains a base pricing rule for the requested asset pair.

**Resolution:** Configure a base pricing rule for the source/destination pair before requesting an order.

<h3>
  Missing Required Fields
</h3>

`MISSING_REQUIRED_FIELDS` — HTTP 422

The order request is missing one or more fields required for the destination shape.

**Resolution:** Review the order requirements response for the requested pair, country, rail, and recipient type.

<h3>
  Recipient Validation Failed
</h3>

`RECIPIENT_VALIDATION_FAILED` — HTTP 422

The supplied recipient or destination details failed validation for the chosen rail, chain, or corridor.

**Resolution:** Verify that the recipient or destination fields (e.g., destination address, account number, routing details) are valid for the chosen rail, chain, and country.

<h3>
  Amount Out of Range
</h3>

`AMOUNT_OUT_OF_RANGE` — HTTP 422

The requested amount is below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for this order.

**Resolution:** Adjust the amount to fall within the allowed range.

<h3>
  Rate Unavailable
</h3>

`RATE_UNAVAILABLE` — HTTP 503

A live exchange rate could not be retrieved for the requested currency pair. The rate provider may be temporarily unavailable.

**Resolution:** Retry the request after a short delay. If the error persists, the rate provider for this currency pair may be experiencing an outage.

**Runbook:** [Rate Unavailable](/errors/rate-unavailable)

<h3>
  Order Not Executable
</h3>

`ORDER_NOT_EXECUTABLE` — HTTP 409

The order cannot be executed because it is not in a pending state. Already-executed or failed orders cannot be re-executed.

**Resolution:** Create a new order. An order can only be executed once and only while it is pending.

<h3>
  Order Expired
</h3>

`ORDER_EXPIRED` — HTTP 409

The order has expired and can no longer be executed.

**Resolution:** Create a new order to obtain a fresh price lock and execute that one instead.

<h3>
  Order Cannot Be Cancelled
</h3>

`ORDER_NOT_CANCELLABLE` — HTTP 409

The order cannot be cancelled. Either it is already in a terminal state (succeeded or failed), or its execution has begun moving funds and the cancel path can no longer safely unwind it.

**Resolution:** Read the order to confirm its current state. If it is already terminal, no action is required. If it is still pending while executing, wait for the order to reach a terminal state and react to that; once execution has started only the server can safely complete or reverse the order.

<h3>
  Provider unavailable
</h3>

`PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE` — HTTP 503

The order's conversion provider was unavailable or returned a transient failure during execution. No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Retry by creating a new order. If the issue persists, contact support.

<h3>
  Provider rejected the conversion
</h3>

`PROVIDER_REJECTED` — HTTP 422

The order's conversion provider rejected the request (rate stale, recipient blocked, or other provider-side policy). No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Verify the order parameters (rate, recipient, amount) and submit a new order. Contact support if the cause is unclear.

<h3>
  Conversion cancelled
</h3>

`CANCELLED` — HTTP 422

The order's conversion was cancelled before completion (operator action or upstream condition). No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Submit a new order to retry.

<h3>
  User Not Found
</h3>

`USER_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No user exists with the specified ID, or the user belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the user ID is correct. Use the list users endpoint to find valid user IDs for your organization.

<h3>
  User Already Exists
</h3>

`USER_ALREADY_EXISTS` — HTTP 409

A user with the same email address already exists in this organization.

**Resolution:** Use the existing user or choose a different email address. Use the list users endpoint to find the existing user.

<h3>
  User Already Belongs to Organization
</h3>

`USER_ALREADY_BELONGS_TO_ORG` — HTTP 409

The calling user is already linked to an organization. Each user can belong to one organization at a time; calling `setup` a second time on the same user is rejected.

**Resolution:** Resolve the calling user's existing organization (e.g. via `GET /v2/portal/users/me`) and route the user accordingly instead of retrying setup.

<h3>
  Wallet Not Found
</h3>

`WALLET_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No wallet exists with the specified ID, or the wallet belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the wallet ID is correct. Use the list wallets endpoint to find valid wallet IDs for your organization.

<h3>
  Cosign activity not found
</h3>

`COSIGN_ACTIVITY_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

Sandbox cosign activity could not be located.

**Resolution:** Verify the activityId. Sandbox-only: activity IDs are issued during cosign creation. If you don't have one, use POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign to resolve the cosign gate keyed by payout id instead.

<h3>
  Wallet Not Active
</h3>

`WALLET_NOT_ACTIVE` — HTTP 422

The wallet is not in ACTIVE status and cannot accept deposits at this time.

**Resolution:** Check the wallet's current status. Only ACTIVE wallets can receive simulated deposits.

<h3>
  Wallet Rotation Blocked: Non-Zero Balance
</h3>

`WALLET_ROTATION_BLOCKED_BALANCE` — HTTP 422

The wallet has a non-zero balance (available, pending, or frozen) and cannot be rotated. Rotation would strand the existing funds on the retired wallet record.

**Resolution:** Move all funds out of the wallet (e.g. via a payout) and wait for any in-flight deposits to settle, then retry the rotation. Compliance-frozen balances must be released before rotation is possible.

<h3>
  Wallet Not Rotatable
</h3>

`WALLET_NOT_ROTATABLE` — HTTP 409

Only an active wallet can be rotated. The wallet is no longer active — it may already have been rotated or disabled.

**Resolution:** Fetch the wallet to check its current status. A retired wallet exposes the replacement via `replacedByWalletId`; rotate that one instead.

<h3>
  Wallet Rotation In Progress
</h3>

`WALLET_ROTATION_IN_PROGRESS` — HTTP 409

A rotation for this wallet is already running. Concurrent rotations of the same wallet are rejected until the in-flight one completes.

**Resolution:** Wait for the in-flight rotation to finish (the wallet's address updates on completion), then retry if needed.

<h3>
  Wallet Has No Deposit Address
</h3>

`WALLET_NO_ADDRESS` — HTTP 422

The wallet does not have a deposit address assigned. Address provisioning may still be in progress.

**Resolution:** Wait for the wallet to be fully provisioned before simulating a deposit. If the issue persists, contact support.

<h3>
  Wallet Chain Mismatch
</h3>

`WALLET_CHAIN_MISMATCH` — HTTP 422

The chain specified in the request does not match the chain the wallet is provisioned on.

**Resolution:** Use the correct chain for this wallet. Fetch the wallet details to see which chain it is provisioned on.

<h3>
  Virtual Account Not Found
</h3>

`VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No virtual account exists for the requested customer and asset, or the virtual account belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the customer has an active virtual account for the requested asset before creating a fiat payout.

<h3>
  Virtual Account Not Active
</h3>

`VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT_NOT_ACTIVE` — HTTP 422

The virtual account is not in ACTIVE status and cannot accept deposits at this time.

**Resolution:** Check the virtual account's current status. Only ACTIVE virtual accounts can receive simulated deposits.

<h3>
  Virtual Account Asset Mismatch
</h3>

`VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT_ASSET_MISMATCH` — HTTP 422

The asset or chain specified in the request does not match the virtual account's configured asset.

**Resolution:** Use the asset code matching the virtual account's configured fiat asset. Fetch the virtual account details to see its asset.

<h3>
  Wallet Custody Not Claimed
</h3>

`WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED` — HTTP 409

The customer's wallet account is still custodial. Wallet addresses cannot be issued until the customer claims non-custodial control of the account.

**Resolution:** Have the customer claim non-custodial control before retrying. Fresh customers: POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/claim-non-custodial with a signer roster and signing threshold. Existing custodial customers (post-CRYPTO\_WALLET): submit a WALLET\_CUSTODY\_CONVERSION application via POST /v2/customers/:id/features and complete the passkey or OAuth verification.

<h3>
  Registered Address Not Found
</h3>

`REGISTERED_ADDRESS_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No registered address exists with the specified ID, or the registered address belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the registered address ID is correct. Use the list registered addresses endpoint to find valid IDs for the customer.

<h3>
  Transaction Not Found
</h3>

`TRANSACTION_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No transaction exists with the specified ID, or the transaction belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the transaction ID is correct. Use the list transactions endpoint to find valid IDs for your organization.

<h3>
  Transaction Type Not Simulatable
</h3>

`SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_TYPE_NOT_SIMULATABLE` — HTTP 422

The sandbox simulate-terminal endpoint does not support this transaction type.

**Resolution:** Supported types: WITHDRAWAL, ONRAMP, OFFRAMP, DEPOSIT. INTERNAL\_TRANSFER is not supported. Check the response body for the current allowlist.

<h3>
  Transaction Not Force-Terminal Ready
</h3>

`SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY` — HTTP 422

A sandbox simulate endpoint refused the request because the requested outcome is not viable in the transaction's current phase. Common cases: a payout parked at the document-review gate receiving `simulate/settled` or `simulate/confirm` before review approval; a fiat payout with no selected settlement route receiving `simulate/terminal` with `outcome: "completed"`.

**Resolution:** If the payout carries `documents`, call `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/{id}/simulate-review-approve` (or `simulate-review-reject`) first. For `simulate/terminal` callers, wait for the transaction to advance to the next phase or call with `outcome: "failed"` to terminalize from the current phase.

<h3>
  Deposit Not Awaiting Sender Information
</h3>

`UNREGISTERED_ADDRESS_NOT_AWAITING` — HTTP 409

The deposit is not currently awaiting sender information. Sender information can only be submitted while the deposit is processing and waiting for those details.

**Resolution:** Re-fetch the deposit to inspect its current public status. If the deposit has already progressed, no further sender-information submission is needed.

<h3>
  Transaction Is Not a Deposit
</h3>

`SENDER_INFO_NOT_A_DEPOSIT` — HTTP 404

Sender information can only be submitted for deposits. The transaction with the specified ID exists but is not a deposit.

**Resolution:** Verify the transaction ID. Sender-information submission applies only to inbound fiat deposits parked on an unregistered address.

<h3>
  Sender Information Already Recorded
</h3>

`SENDER_INFO_ALREADY_RECORDED` — HTTP 409

Sender information has already been recorded for this deposit. The first submission wins; later submissions are rejected.

**Resolution:** Re-fetch the deposit to inspect its current public status. The recorded sender information is final for this deposit.

<h3>
  Sender Information Submission In Flight
</h3>

`SENDER_INFO_SUBMISSION_IN_FLIGHT` — HTTP 409

Another sender-information submission for this deposit is still being processed.

**Resolution:** Wait for the in-flight submission to resolve, then re-fetch the deposit before retrying.

<h3>
  Deposit is not waiting for sender information
</h3>

`SANDBOX_SENDER_INFO_NOT_REQUIRED` — HTTP 409

The deposit is not currently parked at the sender-information gate. It may have already been resolved, never required sender information, or reached a terminal state.

**Resolution:** Inspect the deposit status. Only deposits that are pending and waiting for sender information accept this simulator.

<h3>
  Signer Not Found
</h3>

`SIGNER_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No signer exists with the specified ID for this wallet.

**Resolution:** Verify the signer ID is correct and that it belongs to the specified wallet.

<h3>
  Signer Not Active
</h3>

`SIGNER_NOT_ACTIVE` — HTTP 409

The signer is not in an active state and cannot perform the requested operation.

**Resolution:** Check the signer's current status. Only active signers can sign transactions or be modified.

<h3>
  Signer Removal Forbidden
</h3>

`SIGNER_REMOVAL_FORBIDDEN` — HTTP 403

The signer cannot be removed because it is the last remaining signer on the wallet or has a protected role.

**Resolution:** Add another signer to the wallet before removing this one, or contact support if the signer has a protected role.

<h3>
  Signers Not Supported
</h3>

`SIGNERS_NOT_SUPPORTED` — HTTP 422

Signers can only be managed on non-custodial wallets. This customer's wallet is custodial, so the backend signs on its behalf.

**Resolution:** Convert the wallet to non-custodial via the `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION` application flow before adding or removing signers.

<h3>
  Roster Below Minimum Admins
</h3>

`ROSTER_BELOW_MIN_ADMINS` — HTTP 400

A non-custodial roster must contain at least 2 admin signers so no single person can lose access to the wallet.

**Resolution:** Include at least 2 signers with role `admin` in the roster before submitting the claim.

<h3>
  Signing Threshold Exceeds Roster
</h3>

`THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_ROSTER` — HTTP 400

The requested `signingThreshold` is greater than the number of signers in the roster, which would make signing impossible.

**Resolution:** Lower `signingThreshold` to at most the roster size, or add signers to the roster before raising the threshold.

<h3>
  Duplicate Signer Email
</h3>

`SIGNER_EMAIL_DUPLICATE` — HTTP 400

The roster contains two or more signers with the same email address. Each signer must map to a distinct human.

**Resolution:** Remove the duplicate entries so every signer in the roster has a unique email.

<h3>
  Machine Signer Credentials Not Yet Supported
</h3>

`API_KEY_CREDENTIAL_NOT_SUPPORTED` — HTTP 422

The roster includes one or more signers with `credentialType: api_key`. Phase 0 sandbox does not install machine-signer public keys on the provider, so these signers would never be able to stamp. Real provider wiring lands with C2-1539.

**Resolution:** Use `credentialType: passkey` for every roster member until the real provider integration ships. The `wallet_signer.invited` flow installs a passkey credential during enrollment.

<h3>
  Customer Already Non-Custodial
</h3>

`CUSTOMER_ALREADY_NON_CUSTODIAL` — HTTP 409

Non-custodial control has already been claimed for this customer; the claim endpoint provisions only fresh customers.

**Resolution:** Use the roster-management endpoints to add, remove, promote, or demote signers; the customer is already in the target state.

<h3>
  Customer Already Custodial
</h3>

`CUSTOMER_ALREADY_CUSTODIAL` — HTTP 409

This customer already has a custodial wallet account from initial onboarding. The claim endpoint provisions only fresh customers; converting an existing custodial wallet to non-custodial is not yet supported.

**Resolution:** Use the WALLET\_CUSTODY\_CONVERSION application flow to convert this customer to non-custodial, then manage signers via the per-signer add/remove endpoints. Multi-signer roster-style claim on existing custodial wallets will land in a follow-up.

<h3>
  Customer KYB Incomplete
</h3>

`CUSTOMER_KYB_INCOMPLETE` — HTTP 422

Non-custodial control can only be claimed after the customer's KYB application has been approved.

**Resolution:** Complete and submit the customer's KYB application, wait for approval, and retry the claim once the customer is active.

<h3>
  Signer Is Admin
</h3>

`SIGNER_IS_ROOT_MEMBER` — HTTP 409

Admins cannot be removed directly. They must be demoted to a regular member first so the demote flow can verify that quorum and minimum-admin invariants are still satisfied.

**Resolution:** Demote the signer to a non-admin role via the demote endpoint, then call remove.

<h3>
  Signer Already Admin
</h3>

`SIGNER_ALREADY_ADMIN` — HTTP 409

The promotion target already has the `admin` role.

**Resolution:** No action needed; the signer already holds the role you are trying to assign.

<h3>
  Signer Passkey Count Too Low
</h3>

`SIGNER_PASSKEY_COUNT_TOO_LOW` — HTTP 422

Promotion to admin requires the signer to have at least 2 registered passkeys so they cannot lose admin access by losing a single device.

**Resolution:** Have the signer register a second passkey from a different device, then retry the promotion.

<h3>
  Signer Not Admin
</h3>

`SIGNER_NOT_ADMIN` — HTTP 409

The demotion target is not currently an admin, so there is nothing to demote.

**Resolution:** Verify the signer ID; only signers with role `admin` are eligible for demotion.

<h3>
  Would Break Minimum Admins
</h3>

`WOULD_BREAK_MIN_ADMINS` — HTTP 409

Demoting this signer would leave fewer than 2 admins on the roster, violating the minimum-admin invariant.

**Resolution:** Promote another signer to `admin` first, then retry the demotion.

<h3>
  Ceremony In Flight
</h3>

`CEREMONY_IN_FLIGHT` — HTTP 409

A roster-change ceremony for this signer is already in progress. Concurrent promote/demote requests against the same signer are rejected until the in-flight ceremony completes or fails.

**Resolution:** Wait for the in-flight ceremony to terminate (the wallet\_signer.promoted or wallet\_signer.demoted webhook signals completion), then retry.

<h3>
  Provider Account Not Found
</h3>

`PROVIDER_ACCOUNT_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No non-custodial provider account exists for the specified customer, so signing-quorum settings cannot be read or changed.

**Resolution:** Verify the customer has completed non-custodial wallet onboarding before reading or changing signing-quorum settings.

<h3>
  Claim Reset Blocked by Referencing Rows
</h3>

`CLAIM_RESET_BLOCKED` — HTTP 409

The sandbox simulate-reset-claim endpoint cannot wipe the customer's non-custodial setup while transactions, deposits, or pending signature approvals still reference the wallets or signers. Hard-deleting them would FK-violate.

**Resolution:** Terminalize the open transactions first (`POST /v2/sandbox/transactions/:id/simulate/terminal`), then call simulate-reset-claim again.

<h3>
  Quorum Threshold Exceeds Eligible Signers
</h3>

`QUORUM_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_SIGNERS` — HTTP 409

The requested signing-quorum threshold is greater than the number of active signers eligible to approve. A threshold can never exceed the signer count, or transactions would become impossible to sign.

**Resolution:** Lower the requested threshold to at most the number of active signers, or add more signers before raising the threshold.

<h3>
  Wallet Quorum Override Cannot Raise Threshold
</h3>

`QUORUM_WALLET_OVERRIDE_CANNOT_RAISE` — HTTP 422

A per-wallet signing-quorum override may not set a threshold higher than the customer-level threshold. The underlying signing policy cannot yet enforce a raised per-wallet threshold, so allowing it would leave the wallet under-protected.

**Resolution:** Set the per-wallet override at or below the customer-level threshold, or raise the customer-level threshold instead.

<h3>
  Document Not Found
</h3>

`DOCUMENT_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No document exists with the specified ID, or the document belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the document ID is correct. Use `GET /v2/documents` to find valid document IDs.

<h3>
  Unsupported File Type
</h3>

`UNSUPPORTED_FILE_TYPE` — HTTP 400

The uploaded file's content does not match an allowed type. File type is determined by inspecting the file's contents (magic bytes), not the filename extension or the Content-Type header. Allowed types: PDF, JPEG, PNG.

**Resolution:** Re-upload using one of the supported formats. Renaming a file or changing its Content-Type header does not change its content type — convert the file to PDF, JPEG, or PNG instead.

<h3>
  File Too Large
</h3>

`FILE_TOO_LARGE` — HTTP 413

The uploaded file exceeds the maximum allowed size (10 MB). The response carries an extra 'field' member naming the form-field that exceeded the limit (typically 'file').

**Resolution:** Reduce the file size and re-upload. Multi-page PDFs that exceed the limit should be split into smaller files. High-resolution images may be downscaled or re-encoded with stronger compression.

<h3>
  Invalid File Name
</h3>

`INVALID_FILE_NAME` — HTTP 400

The uploaded file's name contains characters that are not allowed (path separators, control characters, NUL bytes, or path traversal sequences).

**Resolution:** Rename the file using only printable characters and re-upload. Do not include directory separators (`/`, `\`), `..`, or control characters in the filename.

<h3>
  Verification Not Found
</h3>

`VERIFICATION_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No verification exists with the specified ID, or the verification belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the verification ID is correct. Use the list verifications endpoint to find valid verification IDs.

<h3>
  Verification Not Declinable
</h3>

`VERIFICATION_NOT_DECLINABLE` — HTTP 409

The verification type does not support the decline operation. Only TRANSACTION\_APPROVAL and QUORUM\_CONFIG\_CHANGE verifications can be declined; other types are resolved by abandonment or expiry.

**Resolution:** Do not call the decline endpoint for this verification type. WALLET\_\* verifications expire automatically via their TTL.

<h3>
  Verification Decline Failed
</h3>

`VERIFICATION_DECLINE_FAILED` — HTTP 409

The reject stamp did not land as a rejection on the underlying signing activity. The decline could not be recorded.

**Resolution:** Re-fetch the verification context and retry the decline with a freshly stamped reject credential.

<h3>
  Verification Invalid Status
</h3>

`VERIFICATION_INVALID_STATUS` — HTTP 409

The requested operation cannot be performed because the verification is not in the expected status.

**Resolution:** Check the verification's current status. Verifications can only be completed while in PENDING status.

<h3>
  Verification Token Invalid
</h3>

`VERIFICATION_TOKEN_INVALID` — HTTP 400

The verification token is malformed, expired, or does not match any pending verification.

**Resolution:** Request a new verification link. Tokens are single-use and expire after a short window.

<h3>
  Feature Already Exists
</h3>

`FEATURE_ALREADY_EXISTS` — HTTP 409

A feature with the same identifier already exists for this account.

**Resolution:** Use the existing feature or choose a different identifier.

<h3>
  Customer Update Already Pending
</h3>

`CUSTOMER_UPDATE_ALREADY_PENDING` — HTTP 409

An update application for this customer is already pending or processing. Only one update can be in flight per customer.

**Resolution:** Wait for the in-flight update application to reach a terminal status (approved, rejected, or cancelled) before submitting a new one. List the customer's applications to find it.

<h3>
  Onboarding Not Ready
</h3>

`ONBOARDING_NOT_READY` — HTTP 422

The onboarding submission cannot be completed because one or more required fields or documents are still missing.

**Resolution:** Use the onboarding requirements endpoint to check which fields and documents are still required, then submit them before retrying.

<h3>
  Onboarding Already Submitted
</h3>

`ONBOARDING_ALREADY_SUBMITTED` — HTTP 409

The onboarding application has already been submitted and cannot be submitted again.

**Resolution:** The onboarding is already in review. Check the application status for updates on the review progress.

<h3>
  Customer Already Onboarded
</h3>

`CUSTOMER_ALREADY_ONBOARDED` — HTTP 409

An approved customer already exists for this organization with the same tax identifier.

**Resolution:** Use the existing customer (returned as details.customerId) rather than creating a new one. To replace it, decommission the existing customer first.

<h3>
  Webhook Endpoint Not Found
</h3>

`WEBHOOK_ENDPOINT_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No webhook endpoint exists with the specified ID, or it belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the endpoint ID is correct. Use the list webhook endpoints endpoint to find valid IDs for your organization.

<h3>
  Webhook Delivery Not Found
</h3>

`WEBHOOK_DELIVERY_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No webhook delivery record exists with the specified ID.

**Resolution:** Verify the delivery ID is correct. Use the list deliveries endpoint to find valid delivery IDs.

<h3>
  Webhook Delivery Not Retryable
</h3>

`WEBHOOK_DELIVERY_NOT_RETRYABLE` — HTTP 422

The webhook delivery cannot be retried because it is not in a failed state or has exceeded the maximum retry attempts.

**Resolution:** Only failed deliveries can be retried. Check the delivery status before attempting a retry.

<h3>
  Unsupported Asset
</h3>

`UNSUPPORTED_ASSET` — HTTP 400

The requested asset and chain combination is not supported for this operation.

**Resolution:** Check the list of supported assets for the target chain and retry with a valid combination.

<h3>
  Invalid or Expired Invitation
</h3>

`INVITATION_INVALID` — HTTP 400

The invitation token is invalid, has already been used, or has expired.

**Resolution:** Request a new invitation from your organization administrator.

<h3>
  Invitation Addressed to a Different Email
</h3>

`INVITATION_EMAIL_MISMATCH` — HTTP 403

This invitation was sent to a different email address than the signed-in account.

**Resolution:** Sign in with the email the invitation was sent to, or ask an admin to re-send it to your address.

<h3>
  Invitation Resend Rate Limited
</h3>

`INVITATION_RESEND_RATE_LIMITED` — HTTP 429

This invitation was re-sent too recently. Resends are throttled per invitation with a short Redis cooldown so the invitee isn't email-bombed by a double-clicked button or a repeated admin action.

**Resolution:** Wait for the value in the `Retry-After` response header (also in the `retryAfterSeconds` body field) before resending.

<h3>
  Rate Alert Not Found
</h3>

`RATE_ALERT_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No rate alert exists with the specified ID.

**Resolution:** Check the alert ID and try again.

<h3>
  Invalid Address Format
</h3>

`INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT` — HTTP 400

The provided blockchain address does not match the expected format for the specified chain.

**Resolution:** Verify the address is a valid address for the specified chain and retry.

<h3>
  Registered Address Suspended
</h3>

`REGISTERED_ADDRESS_SUSPENDED` — HTTP 409

This address is currently suspended for the customer and cannot be re-registered.

**Resolution:** Unsuspend the existing registration via the internal portal before re-registering.

<h3>
  Registered Address Invalid Status Transition
</h3>

`REGISTERED_ADDRESS_INVALID_TRANSITION` — HTTP 409

The requested status transition is not allowed for the registered address in its current state.

**Resolution:** Check the registered address's current status before performing status-change operations.

<h3>
  Invalid Government ID Type
</h3>

`INVALID_GOVERNMENT_ID_TYPE` — HTTP 400

The government ID type provided is not valid for the required TIN submission.

**Resolution:** Use a supported government ID type for TIN submissions. Refer to the documentation for the list of supported types.

<h3>
  Invalid Phone Format
</h3>

`INVALID_PHONE_FORMAT` — HTTP 400

The contact phone number is not in the required E.164 format (e.g., +14155551234).

**Resolution:** Update the business record with a phone number in E.164 format and retry.

<h3>
  Payout Not Found
</h3>

`PAYOUT_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No payout exists with the specified ID, or the payout belongs to a different organization.

**Resolution:** Verify the payout ID is correct. Use the list payouts endpoint to find valid payout IDs for your organization.

<h3>
  Payout Not Awaiting Signature
</h3>

`PAYOUT_NOT_IN_AWAITING_SIGNATURE` — HTTP 404

The payout is not currently parked at the signature-collection gate. Either the cosign quorum has already been resolved, or the payout never required one.

**Resolution:** Read the payout state. Only payouts with an active non-custodial signing quorum accept stamps.

<h3>
  Payout Cannot Be Cancelled
</h3>

`PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE` — HTTP 409

The payout cannot be cancelled. Either it is already in a terminal state (completed, failed, or cancelled; re-cancelling a `cancelled` payout returns 200 idempotently, every other terminal returns 409), or its on-chain broadcast has begun and the cancel path can no longer safely unwind it.

**Resolution:** Read the payout to confirm its current state. If it is already terminal, no action is required. If broadcast has begun, wait for the payout to reach a terminal state and react to that.

<h3>
  Concurrent Cosign In Flight
</h3>

`CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT` — HTTP 409

The source wallet already has a non-custodial payout awaiting user signature. Only one cosign activity per wallet per chain may be in flight at a time so that nonces stay consistent on the destination chain.

**Resolution:** Wait for the prior payout from this wallet to reach a terminal state (signed and broadcast, declined, or timed out) before creating a new one. Retry with exponential backoff is safe.

<h3>
  Idempotency-Key header required
</h3>

`IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_REQUIRED` — HTTP 400

This endpoint requires an Idempotency-Key header to prevent duplicate processing. Generate a unique key per logical request and resend the request.

**Resolution:** Add an Idempotency-Key header with a UUID or other unique value scoped to the request.

<h3>
  Idempotency Key Conflict
</h3>

`IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_CONFLICT` — HTTP 409

The idempotency key was previously used with a different request body. Idempotency keys are bound to the exact request shape — replays must match the original.

**Resolution:** Use a fresh idempotency key for the new request, or replay the original request unchanged.

<h3>
  Idempotency body too deeply nested
</h3>

`IDEMPOTENCY_BODY_TOO_NESTED` — HTTP 400

The request body exceeds the maximum nesting depth allowed by the idempotency fingerprint hasher. Deeply-nested arrays or objects are rejected as a malformed payload.

**Resolution:** Flatten the request body to a reasonable nesting depth (no more than 64 levels). If you believe your payload is legitimately deeper, contact support.

<h3>
  Idempotency-Key header invalid
</h3>

`IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_INVALID` — HTTP 400

The Idempotency-Key header value did not match the required shape (1-128 characters, letters / digits / underscore / dot / colon / hyphen).

**Resolution:** Resend the request with an Idempotency-Key matching `^[A-Za-z0-9_.:-]{1,128}$` — for example, a UUID.

<h3>
  Idempotency Key Request In Progress
</h3>

`IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_REQUEST_IN_PROGRESS` — HTTP 409

A request with this idempotency key is already being processed and has not yet completed. Concurrent requests with the same key are rejected to prevent duplicate execution.

**Resolution:** Wait for the original request to complete, then retry the identical request to replay its result. Retry with exponential backoff is safe.

<h3>
  Insufficient Funds
</h3>

`INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` — HTTP 422

The customer's available balance for the order's source resource is below the requested amount plus fee.

**Resolution:** Verify the customer's available balance on the order's source resource and retry with a smaller amount, or top up the source.

<h3>
  Travel Rule counterparty rejected
</h3>

`TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED` — HTTP 422

The counterparty VASP rejected the Travel Rule transfer before the on-chain broadcast. The payout did not broadcast and no funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Confirm beneficiary details with the recipient. Submit a new payout once the underlying counterparty issue has been addressed.

<h3>
  User signature timeout
</h3>

`USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT` — HTTP 422

The customer did not approve the payout before the signing window expired. No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Submit a new payout when the customer is ready to sign.

<h3>
  User signature declined
</h3>

`USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED` — HTTP 422

The customer declined the payout from the approval page. No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Submit a new payout if the decline was unintentional.

<h3>
  Customer signature could not be accepted
</h3>

`USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER` — HTTP 422

The customer's passkey approval could not be accepted. No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Submit a new payout. If the same customer or wallet hits this repeatedly, contact support.

<h3>
  Signer roster changed
</h3>

`ROSTER_CHANGED` — HTTP 422

A signer was removed (or moved out of the signing pool) while their stamp was on this in-flight payout. No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Re-initiate the payout; the new attempt collects approvals from the current roster.

<h3>
  On-chain broadcast failed
</h3>

`CHAIN_BROADCAST_FAILED` — HTTP 422

The payout could not be signed or broadcast to the blockchain before reaching finality. No funds left the wallet.

**Resolution:** Submit a new payout. If the same wallet hits this repeatedly, contact support.

<h3>
  Crypto wallet misconfigured
</h3>

`CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED` — HTTP 422

The wallet's configuration prevents Conduit from moving funds from it. No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Conduit is investigating automatically. Contact support if the wallet is needed for a time-sensitive payout.

<h3>
  Transaction held for compliance review
</h3>

`COMPLIANCE_HOLD` — HTTP 422

This transaction is held pending a regulatory compliance review and could not be completed. The transaction's funds are held, not returned, pending the review.

**Resolution:** Contact support. This cannot be retried without a compliance review.

<h3>
  Transaction declined — compliance review required
</h3>

`COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` — HTTP 422

This transaction could not be completed due to a regulatory compliance review. No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Contact support. This transaction cannot be retried without a compliance review.

<h3>
  Payout rejected in compliance review
</h3>

`COMPLIANCE_REJECTED` — HTTP 422

A compliance reviewer rejected the payout's supporting documentation. No funds were moved; the reserved amount was returned to the available balance.

**Resolution:** Upload an acceptable supporting document via POST /v2/documents and submit a new payout with a fresh idempotency key. The transaction.rejected event lists the accepted document types.

<h3>
  Returned by sender
</h3>

`RETURNED_BY_SENDER` — HTTP 422

The inbound transfer was returned by the sender's institution, or compliance marked the deposit as returned before credit. The deposit was not credited.

**Resolution:** Contact the sender's bank or Conduit support for the return reason. The customer can attempt the transfer again from the source after the issue is resolved.

<h3>
  Payment rail rejected the transaction
</h3>

`RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED` — HTTP 422

The payment rail's policy rejected the transaction (for example, amount limit, frequency cap, or recipient restriction).

**Resolution:** Adjust the amount, recipient, or wait period and submit a new transaction. Contact support if the cause is unclear.

<h3>
  Insufficient funds at settlement
</h3>

`INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE` — HTTP 422

Funds were available at reservation but not at settlement. No money was moved.

**Resolution:** Top up the funding source and submit a new transaction.

<h3>
  Payment rail unavailable
</h3>

`RAIL_UNAVAILABLE` — HTTP 503

No viable payment rail was available for the requested corridor. No funds were moved.

**Resolution:** Retry later. If the corridor is persistently unavailable, contact support.

<h3>
  Sender information deadline expired
</h3>

`SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT` — HTTP 422

The sender-information gate timed out before the required Travel Rule details were provided. The deposit could not be completed.

**Resolution:** Submit the deposit again with the sender details included up front.

<h3>
  Sandbox Not Provisioned
</h3>

`SANDBOX_NOT_PROVISIONED` — HTTP 409

The API key is valid, but the sandbox organization it belongs to has not been provisioned yet. Sandbox access is provisioned from the live organization shortly after sign-up; this state means that provisioning has not completed (or previously failed). The key itself does not need to be rotated.

**Resolution:** Wait a few moments and retry — provisioning is retried automatically. If the error persists, contact support to re-provision your sandbox environment.

<h3>
  KYC Inquiry Not Found
</h3>

`KYC_INQUIRY_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No KYC inquiry id is persisted for the requested application + person index. Either the application did not spawn a KYC inquiry (e.g. mock sandbox path, kybRelianceEnabled=true), or the inquiry.created webhook from the KYC provider has not yet enriched the field verification row with the native inquiry id.

**Resolution:** Wait a few seconds for the inquiry.created webhook to land, then retry. If the application was created in sandbox mode or with KYB reliance, no KYC inquiry exists for it.

<h3>
  KYC Inquiry Link Unavailable
</h3>

`KYC_INQUIRY_LINK_UNAVAILABLE` — HTTP 409

The KYC provider refused to generate a new one-time link for the inquiry, typically because the inquiry has expired, has already been completed, or has been resolved (approved/declined). This is a permanent state for that inquiry.

**Resolution:** Check the inquiry status with the KYC provider. If the inquiry is expired or completed, no further hosted-flow link can be issued; start a new inquiry if a re-share is still needed.

<h3>
  KYC Upstream Unavailable
</h3>

`KYC_UPSTREAM_UNAVAILABLE` — HTTP 502

The KYC provider returned a server error or the request did not reach it at all (network failure, timeout). The inquiry itself is fine; the provider just couldn't be contacted right now.

**Resolution:** Retry the request after a brief delay. If the failure persists, check the KYC provider's status page before assuming the inquiry is broken.

<h3>
  KYC Inquiry Link Rate Limited
</h3>

`KYC_INQUIRY_LINK_RATE_LIMITED` — HTTP 429

A regenerate-link request is already in flight for this UBO. The endpoint serialises requests per UBO with a short Redis lock so the KYC provider isn't hammered with duplicate one-time-link requests from a double-click or a stuck retry.

**Resolution:** Wait for the value in the `Retry-After` response header (also in the `retryAfterSeconds` body field) before retrying.

<h3>
  Verified Individual Cannot Be Edited
</h3>

`VERIFIED_INDIVIDUAL_LOCKED` — HTTP 409

An individual whose identity verification has cleared cannot have their identity fields (firstName, lastName, email) changed in place — the verification was tied to those specific values. Organizational fields (roles, ownership percent, shares allocated) remain editable, and the individual can still be removed entirely.

**Resolution:** Remove the individual from the application and add them again to change their identity, then have them complete identity verification under the new identity. Roles and ownership percent can be edited without removing the individual.

<h3>
  KYC Override Must Go Through the Field-Path Endpoint
</h3>

`KYC_OVERRIDE_VIA_FIELD_PATH_REQUIRED` — HTTP 409

Operator overrides for an individual's identity (KYC) compliance check are gated through the per-individual field-override path, not the compliance-check override endpoint. The blocker derivation explicitly excludes KYC compliance-check rows; writing the override on the compliance-check row would clear nothing.

**Resolution:** Issue the override via `PATCH /v2/internal/applications/:id/review` with the individual's `ownership.persons.{i}.governmentIdNumber` field path and `verdict: APPROVED`.

<h3>
  Whitelist Recipient Not Found
</h3>

`WHITELIST_RECIPIENT_NOT_FOUND` — HTTP 404

No whitelist recipient with this id exists for your organization.

**Resolution:** Check the id; list entries via GET /v2/customers//whitelist-recipients.

<h3>
  Invalid Whitelist Transition
</h3>

`WHITELIST_INVALID_TRANSITION` — HTTP 409

The whitelist entry is not in a status that allows this action.

**Resolution:** Fetch the entry to inspect its current status.

<h3>
  Whitelist Recipient Conflict
</h3>

`WHITELIST_RECIPIENT_CONFLICT` — HTTP 409

An active whitelist entry already exists for these bank details with different attributes.

**Resolution:** Fetch the existing entry; revoke it first if you need to change attributes, or resubmit with identical details.

<h3>
  Documentation Required
</h3>

`DOCUMENTATION_REQUIRED` — HTTP 422

This payout purpose requires a supporting document and none was attached.

**Resolution:** Upload a document via POST /v2/documents with purpose=transaction\_support, attach its id in `documents`, and resubmit with a new idempotency key. `acceptedDocumentTypes` lists the kinds of evidence that satisfy review — any supported upload type is accepted at submission.

<h3>
  Recipient Not Whitelisted
</h3>

`RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED` — HTTP 422

purpose=INTERCOMPANY requires the recipient to be a REGISTERED intercompany whitelist entry for this customer.

**Resolution:** For bank recipients, register via POST /v2/customers//whitelist-recipients and wait for the whitelist\_recipient.registered webhook. For crypto destinations, register the wallet address via POST /v2/customers//wallets/registered-addresses (synchronous). Then resubmit with a new idempotency key.

<h3>
  Transaction Blocked
</h3>

`TRANSACTION_BLOCKED` — HTTP 422

The transaction is blocked by policy. This decision is terminal.

**Resolution:** This transaction cannot be processed. Contact support if you believe this is an error.


# COMPLIANCE_HOLD error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/compliance-hold

A transaction's funds are frozen pending a manual compliance review; no funds were credited or moved

## What happened

A deposit or transaction was flagged during compliance screening and its funds have been frozen pending a manual review. The transaction is in a terminal state with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_HOLD`. No funds were credited to the customer.

This code applies specifically to the deposit-frozen path. For compliance-review rejections on outbound transactions, see [COMPLIANCE\_REVIEW\_REJECTED](/errors/compliance-review-rejected).

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "COMPLIANCE_HOLD",
  "title": "Transaction held for compliance review",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "This transaction is held pending a regulatory compliance review.",
  "resolution": "Contact support. This cannot be retried without a compliance review.",
  "docs": "/errors#compliance-hold",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Screening match on a deposit** -- the inbound transfer matched an elevated-risk or sanctions signal during compliance review, and the deposit policy routes all non-clear decisions to a frozen hold
* **Manual hold placed by Conduit's compliance team** -- the transaction was held pending further investigation

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. The funds are frozen, not returned. Do not resubmit
  without contacting support first.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

The response will show `status: "failed"` and `failureCode: "COMPLIANCE_HOLD"`.

**2. Contact your account manager**

A compliance hold requires manual review by the compliance team. Provide:

* The transaction ID (`txn_abc123`)
* The correlation ID from the error response
* The customer ID and any context about the transaction source

Do not submit new transactions for the same source until the hold is resolved.

## Prevention

* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'COMPLIANCE_HOLD'` to surface a neutral "this transfer requires review" message to the customer without disclosing compliance details
* **Do not retry** -- submitting a replacement transaction for the same source is unlikely to succeed and may flag additional transactions

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the hold is recorded:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "COMPLIANCE_HOLD"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state


# COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/compliance-review-rejected

A transaction was declined in compliance review; no funds moved and the transaction is terminal

## What happened

The transaction could not be completed due to a regulatory compliance review. No funds were moved. The transaction is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`.

This code is specific to a transaction **declined in compliance screening** — no funds moved, not retryable. It is distinct from two other compliance outcomes, so branch on the exact `failureCode` rather than treating them interchangeably:

* [`COMPLIANCE_HOLD`](/errors/compliance-hold) — funds frozen pending a manual review, not a clean decline.
* `COMPLIANCE_REJECTED` — a payout's supporting documents were rejected; this one **is** retryable (it arrives on `transaction.rejected` — upload new documents and resubmit).

Contact support if you need case-level detail on a `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED",
  "title": "Transaction declined — compliance review required",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "This transaction could not be completed due to a regulatory compliance review.",
  "resolution": "Contact support. This transaction cannot be retried without a compliance review.",
  "docs": "/errors#compliance-review-rejected",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Compliance review outcome** — the transaction or counterparty returned a signal during compliance screening that prevents completion
* **Transaction profile** — the amount, corridor, or counterparty combination triggered a compliance rule

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. No funds were moved. Do not resubmit the same
  transaction without contacting support.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Contact support**

Provide the transaction ID, the affected customer ID, and any context about the transaction. The compliance team will advise on next steps. A new transaction for the same customer or counterparty is unlikely to succeed without a prior resolution.

## Prevention

* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** — branch on `failureCode === 'COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED'` to surface a neutral "this transfer could not be processed" message; never disclose the compliance reason to the end user
* **Do not retry automatically** — retrying without investigation does not change the outcome

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when compliance review rejects the transaction:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) — read transaction state


# CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/concurrent-cosign-in-flight

A non-custodial payout was rejected because the same wallet already has a payout awaiting user signature on the same chain

## What happened

You submitted a payout from a non-custodial wallet, but that wallet already has another payout sitting at the user-signature step on the same chain. This returns HTTP 409 with error code `CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT",
  "title": "Concurrent Cosign In Flight",
  "status": 409,
  "detail": "Wallet wlt_abc123 already has a non-custodial payout awaiting signature on ETHEREUM.",
  "resolution": "Wait for the prior payout from this wallet to reach a terminal state before creating a new one.",
  "docs": "/errors#concurrent-cosign-in-flight",
  "instance": "/v2/payouts",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Rapid payout submission** -- your integration submitted a second payout before the first one finished the signing step
* **Abandoned signing session** -- the user closed the signing page without approving or declining, leaving the payout at the cosign gate
* **Parallel payout requests** -- two concurrent requests from your backend both resolved a wallet and submitted payouts simultaneously

## Recovery

**1. Identify the in-flight payout**

List the customer's transactions filtered by withdrawal type to find the one waiting for a signature:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET 'https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions?type=withdrawal&status=pending' \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. In sandbox: resolve the in-flight payout**

Drive the pending payout to a terminal state using the cosign simulate endpoint:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/txn_prior123/simulate/cosign \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"outcome": "approved"}'
```

Use `"declined"` to cancel it instead.

**3. In production: wait for the signing window to close**

The user must approve or decline the payout from their signing session. The gate closes automatically when the signing window expires. Once the prior payout reaches a terminal state (`completed` or `failed`), the 409 clears and you can resubmit.

**4. Resubmit the new payout**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "amount": "50.000000", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "CRYPTO",
        "chain": "ETHEREUM",
        "address": "0xabc..."
      }
    }
  }'
```

## Prevention

* **Serialize payouts per wallet** -- queue outgoing payouts and only submit the next one after the prior one terminates
* **Track signing state** -- maintain a flag per wallet indicating whether a signing session is open; block new submissions until it clears
* **Listen for `transaction.failed` and `transaction.completed`** -- use these events to gate the next payout rather than polling

## Related endpoints

* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a payout
* [GET /v2/payouts/:id](/api-reference/payouts/get-payout) -- read payout state
* [POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign](/api-reference/sandbox/simulate-cosign) -- resolve the cosign gate in sandbox


# CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/crypto-wallet-misconfigured

A non-custodial wallet is missing required custody configuration and the payout could not be signed

## What happened

The source wallet is missing required custody configuration -- for example, the non-custodial wallet has no signing organization or suborganization set up. The payout could not be initiated and is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED",
  "title": "Wallet custody configuration error",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The source wallet is missing required custody configuration.",
  "resolution": "Check the wallet's custody setup in your dashboard. If the wallet was recently created or converted, ensure the custody activation step completed successfully.",
  "docs": "/errors#crypto-wallet-misconfigured",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Incomplete custody activation** -- a non-custodial wallet application was approved but the custody activation step did not complete successfully
* **Wallet conversion in progress** -- a wallet custody conversion (custodial to non-custodial or vice versa) was started but not completed before a payout was attempted

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. No funds were moved. The original transaction cannot
  be recovered; you must resolve the wallet configuration before submitting a
  new transaction.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

The response will show `status: "failed"` and `failureCode: "CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED"`.

**2. Check the wallet status**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{{customerId}}/wallets/{{walletId}} \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

Inspect the `status` field. An `ACTIVE` wallet should have complete custody configuration. If the wallet is in a non-`ACTIVE` status, investigate the application or conversion flow.

**3. Contact support if the wallet appears active**

If the wallet status is `ACTIVE` but payouts still fail with this code, contact support with the wallet ID and transaction ID. The custody configuration may need to be repaired by the Conduit team.

## Prevention

* **Wait for wallet activation** -- do not submit payouts against a wallet until its status is `ACTIVE` and any pending applications or conversions have completed
* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED'` to surface a "wallet setup incomplete" message and direct the customer to complete the activation flow

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the misconfiguration is detected:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state
* [GET /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets/:walletId](/api-reference/wallets/get-wallet) -- read wallet status


# CUSTOMER_NOT_ONBOARDED
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/customer-not-onboarded

The operation requires a customer who has completed onboarding

## What happened

You attempted an operation that requires the customer to have completed the onboarding process, but the customer is not fully onboarded. This returns HTTP 422 with error code `CUSTOMER_NOT_ONBOARDED`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "CUSTOMER_NOT_ONBOARDED",
  "title": "Customer Not Onboarded",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "Customer cus_abc123 has not completed onboarding.",
  "resolution": "Complete the customer onboarding process before attempting this operation. See the onboarding guide for the required steps.",
  "docs": "/errors#customer-not-onboarded",
  "instance": "/v2/customers/cus_abc123/features",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Onboarding not started** -- no application has been submitted for this customer
* **Application still in review** -- the customer's application has been submitted but has not been approved yet
* **Application rejected** -- the customer's application was reviewed and rejected

## Recovery

**1. Check the customer's current state**

Retrieve the customer to see their onboarding status:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/cus_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Check existing applications**

See if the customer has any applications and their current status:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/applications?customerId=cus_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**3. If no application exists, start the onboarding flow**

First, discover the required fields and documents. `country` is required (ISO-3166 alpha-3) and drives which rules fire:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET 'https://api.conduit.financial/v2/onboarding/requirements?country=USA' \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

Then upload any required documents and submit the onboarding application with all required fields.

**4. If the application is in review, wait for the webhook**

Applications are reviewed automatically. Listen for the `application.approved` or `application.rejected` webhook events:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "application.approved",
  "data": {
    "id": "app_xyz789",
    "status": "APPROVED",
    "customerId": "cus_abc123"
  }
}
```

<Note>
  Do not poll for application status. Configure a webhook endpoint and Conduit will notify you when the review is complete.
</Note>

**5. If the application was rejected**

Check the application details for the rejection reason. You may need to resubmit with corrected information or additional documents.

## Prevention

* **Complete the onboarding flow before performing operations that require a business profile** -- wallet creation, quotes, and transactions all require an onboarded customer
* **Listen for webhook events** -- use `application.approved` to trigger downstream operations automatically, rather than attempting operations and handling this error
* **Track onboarding state in your system** -- maintain a local record of which customers have completed onboarding so you can prevent premature API calls

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/customers/:id](/api-reference/customers/get-customer) -- retrieve customer details
* [GET /v2/applications](/api-reference/applications/list-applications) -- list applications for a customer
* [GET /v2/onboarding/requirements](/api-reference/onboarding/get-onboarding-requirements) -- check onboarding requirements
* [POST /v2/onboarding](/api-reference/onboarding/submit-onboarding) -- submit an onboarding application


# DOCUMENTATION_REQUIRED
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/documentation-required

A payout cannot proceed without a valid supporting document uploaded with purpose transaction_support

## What happened

You submitted a non-intercompany payout with a valid `purpose` but no valid supporting documents in the `documents` array. Conduit requires every non-intercompany payout to include at least one document that was uploaded via `POST /v2/documents` with `purpose=transaction_support`. This returns HTTP 422 with error code `DOCUMENTATION_REQUIRED`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "DOCUMENTATION_REQUIRED",
  "title": "Documentation Required",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "This payout requires a purpose and at least one supporting document.",
  "resolution": "Upload a document via POST /v2/documents with purpose=transaction_support and include its id in the payout body.",
  "docs": "/errors#documentation-required",
  "instance": "/v2/payouts",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Missing `documents`** -- `purpose` is present but `documents` is empty or absent
* **Wrong document purpose** -- the document exists but was uploaded with a purpose other than `transaction_support`

This check does not apply to `purpose: INTERCOMPANY` payouts, which go through a separate recipient whitelisting gate. A missing or invalid `purpose` value returns HTTP 400 `VALIDATION_ERROR`, not this error.

## Recovery

**1. Upload a supporting document with purpose transaction\_support**

Documents are uploaded as multipart/form-data. The `file` field must be a valid PDF (binary, with `%PDF-` magic bytes):

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/documents \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -F "file=@invoice.pdf;type=application/pdf" \
  -F "purpose=transaction_support"
```

Save the returned `id` (format `doc_*`).

**2. Resubmit the payout with `purpose` and `documents`**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: NEW_IDEMPOTENCY_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "virtualAccountId": "vac_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00"},
    "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
    "documents": ["doc_abc123"],
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "us",
        "type": "BUSINESS",
        "legalName": "Acme Corp",
        "accountNumber": "1234567890",
        "routingNumber": "021000021",
        "accountType": "CHECKING"
      }
    }
  }'
```

<Note>
  Use a new `Idempotency-Key`. The previous key is bound to the rejected 422 response and reusing it would return that same error.
</Note>

## Prevention

* **Always upload documents with `purpose=transaction_support`** before referencing them in a payout
* **Include the returned `doc_*` id in the payout `documents` array** when submitting a non-intercompany payout
* **For intercompany transfers**, use `purpose: INTERCOMPANY` and pre-register the recipient via `POST /v2/customers/:id/whitelist-recipients` instead

## Related endpoints

* [POST /v2/documents](/api-reference/documents/upload-document) -- upload a supporting document
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- create a payout


# INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/insufficient-funds-at-settle

Settlement failed because the source balance was insufficient at the time of settlement, even though funds were available at reservation

## What happened

Funds were available when the transaction was created and reserved, but by the time settlement was attempted the source balance had dropped below the required amount. No funds were moved. The transaction is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`.

This is distinct from the `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` error at submission time: that error fires immediately when there is not enough balance to reserve. This error fires later, at settlement, after the reservation was already accepted.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE",
  "title": "Insufficient funds at settlement",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "Funds were available at reservation but not at settlement. No money was moved.",
  "resolution": "Top up the funding source and submit a new transaction.",
  "docs": "/errors#insufficient-funds-at-settle",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Concurrent withdrawals** -- multiple transactions consumed the available balance between reservation and settlement
* **Fee adjustment** -- the final settlement fee was higher than estimated, leaving the source short at the settlement boundary
* **Balance consumed by a competing operation** -- another API call or system event reduced the source balance before settlement ran

## Recovery

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Check the current balance**

Retrieve the source to confirm its current available balance:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/wallets/wlt_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**3. Top up the source and resubmit**

Once the source balance is replenished to at least the required amount plus fee, submit a new transaction:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "virtualAccountId": "vac_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "500.00"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "us",
        "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
        "firstName": "Jane",
        "lastName": "Doe",
        "accountNumber": "...",
        "routingNumber": "...",
        "accountType": "CHECKING"
      }
    }
  }'
```

## Prevention

* **Serialize high-value transactions** -- avoid submitting concurrent transactions from the same source unless you track the total reserved amount
* **Check balance before submitting** -- read the source's available balance and compare it against the intended amount plus an estimated fee buffer before submitting
* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE'` to surface a "please top up your balance and try again" message

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when settlement fails:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state
* [GET /v2/wallets/:id](/api-reference/wallets/get-wallet) -- read current wallet balance
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a new payout


# INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/invalid-address-format

The destination blockchain address did not pass format validation for the specified chain

## What happened

The destination address in your request did not match the expected format for the specified chain. This returns HTTP 400 with error code `INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT`.

For EVM chains (Ethereum, Polygon, Base, etc.), Conduit accepts either all-lowercase hex addresses or addresses that pass EIP-55 checksum validation. A mixed-case address that fails the EIP-55 checksum is rejected. Tron and Solana use Base58 encoding and have their own format rules.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT",
  "title": "Invalid Address Format",
  "status": 400,
  "detail": "The provided blockchain address does not match the expected format for ETHEREUM.",
  "resolution": "Use an all-lowercase EVM address or a correctly EIP-55-checksummed mixed-case address.",
  "docs": "/errors#invalid-address-format",
  "instance": "/v2/payouts",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Mixed-case EVM address with wrong checksum** -- the address has a mix of upper and lower case letters but does not satisfy EIP-55; the checksum is defined by the hex value of the address, not arbitrary capitalization
* **Copy-paste truncation** -- the address was truncated or has extra whitespace, making it the wrong length
* **Wrong chain's format** -- a Tron Base58 address was supplied for an Ethereum destination, or vice versa

## Recovery

**1. Normalize the EVM address**

The safest fix is to convert the address to all lowercase:

```
0xABCdef... → 0xabcdef...
```

Alternatively, generate the correct EIP-55 checksum using your language's web3 library:

```js theme={null}
import { getAddress } from "viem";
const checksummed = getAddress("0xabcdef..."); // Returns correctly capitalized EIP-55 form
```

**2. Resubmit with the corrected address**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "amount": "50.000000", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "CRYPTO",
        "chain": "ETHEREUM",
        "address": "0xabcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef12"
      }
    }
  }'
```

## Prevention

* **Normalize at collection time** -- when accepting an address from a user or an upstream system, normalize it to lowercase (or apply EIP-55 checksumming) before storing it and before sending it to Conduit
* **Validate before submitting** -- run EIP-55 checksum validation client-side on any mixed-case EVM address before it reaches the API; many web3 libraries expose this as `isAddress` or `getAddress`
* **Chain-specific rules** -- for Tron, validate Base58Check encoding; for Solana, validate Base58 and length (32 bytes / 44 chars)

## Related endpoints

* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a payout
* [POST /v2/wallets/:id/registered-addresses](/api-reference/wallets/register-address) -- register a destination address (also validates format)


# PROVIDER_REJECTED error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/provider-rejected

The crypto outbound provider declined the broadcast request before the transaction was submitted to the chain

## What happened

The crypto outbound provider declined the broadcast request before the transaction was submitted to the chain. The transaction is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: PROVIDER_REJECTED`. No on-chain transfer occurred; the reserved balance has been released back to the customer's available balance.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "PROVIDER_REJECTED",
  "title": "Crypto provider rejected the broadcast",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The outbound provider declined to broadcast the transaction.",
  "resolution": "Retry the payout. If the issue persists, contact support with the transaction ID.",
  "docs": "/errors#provider-rejected",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Provider-side validation failure** -- the broadcast request failed the outbound provider's pre-submission checks (for example, invalid gas parameters, nonce conflict, or payload format error)
* **Transient provider error** -- the provider's infrastructure returned an error that prevented the broadcast from being accepted

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. No on-chain transfer occurred. The reserved balance
  has been released; you may submit a new payout.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

The response will show `status: "failed"` and `failureCode: "PROVIDER_REJECTED"`. Confirm that no `txHash` is present -- a missing `txHash` confirms no on-chain transfer occurred.

**2. Retry the payout**

The reserved balance has been released. You may submit a new payout immediately:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "amount": "100.000000", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "CRYPTO",
        "chain": "ETHEREUM",
        "address": "0xaa11aa11aa11aa11aa11aa11aa11aa11a55ee99c"
      }
    }
  }'
```

**3. Contact support if the issue persists**

If retries consistently fail with `PROVIDER_REJECTED`, contact support with the transaction IDs and the destination address. There may be a provider-level configuration issue affecting the corridor.

## Sandbox simulation

Use the `CHAIN_BROADCAST_FAIL` scenario suffix (`BAD8CA57`) to force this failure in sandbox. Append it to the last 8 characters of the destination address.

## Prevention

* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'PROVIDER_REJECTED'` to surface a "transfer could not be sent; your balance has been restored" message with a retry option
* **Use idempotency keys** -- ensure each retry uses a fresh idempotency key so retries are not deduplicated against the failed attempt

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the provider rejects the broadcast:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "PROVIDER_REJECTED"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a new payout


# RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/rail-policy-rejected

The payment rail rejected the transaction per its own policy; no funds moved

## What happened

The payment rail rejected the transaction based on its own rules -- for example, an amount limit, a frequency cap, or a restriction on the recipient. No funds were moved. The transaction is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED",
  "title": "Payment rail rejected the transaction",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The payment rail's policy rejected the transaction.",
  "resolution": "Adjust the amount, recipient, or wait period and submit a new transaction.",
  "docs": "/errors#rail-policy-rejected",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Amount limit** -- the transaction amount exceeds the per-transaction or daily limit on the rail
* **Frequency cap** -- the recipient or sender has exceeded the number of transfers allowed in a given period
* **Recipient restriction** -- the recipient's institution does not accept transfers from this corridor or rail
* **Invalid account details** -- the routing number, IBAN, or account number does not pass the rail's validation rules

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. No funds were moved. Investigate the rejection reason
  before resubmitting.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Review the recipient details**

Verify that the routing number, account number, and recipient name are correct. For SEPA transfers, confirm the IBAN format and BIC.

**3. Check the amount**

Confirm the transaction amount falls within the rail's per-transaction limits. If the amount is near a known limit, split the transfer or ask the customer to try a smaller amount.

**4. Submit a new transaction after resolving the issue**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "virtualAccountId": "vac_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "500.00"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "us",
        "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
        "firstName": "Jane",
        "lastName": "Doe",
        "accountNumber": "1234567890",
        "routingNumber": "021000021",
        "accountType": "CHECKING"
      }
    }
  }'
```

## Prevention

* **Validate recipient details at collection time** -- use the requirements endpoint to confirm required fields and formats before accepting recipient information
* **Respect per-transfer limits** -- check your account's configured rail limits and enforce them in your UI before submitting
* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED'` to surface a "the recipient's bank rejected this transfer" message with a retry option after the user corrects details

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the rail rejects the transaction:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a new payout
* [GET /v2/payouts/requirements](/api-reference/payouts/get-payout-requirements) -- check recipient field requirements per rail


# RAIL_UNAVAILABLE error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/rail-unavailable

The payment rail was temporarily unavailable when the transaction was attempted; no funds moved

## What happened

The payment rail was not available when the transaction was attempted. No funds were moved. The transaction is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`.

This is a transient infrastructure failure, not a problem with your request or the recipient's details. The same request is likely to succeed once the rail recovers.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "RAIL_UNAVAILABLE",
  "title": "Payment rail unavailable",
  "status": 503,
  "detail": "No viable payment rail was available for the requested corridor. No funds were moved.",
  "resolution": "Retry later. If the corridor is persistently unavailable, contact support.",
  "docs": "/errors#rail-unavailable",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Scheduled maintenance** -- the rail or its underlying network is in a maintenance window
* **Transient outage** -- the rail experienced an unexpected interruption
* **All routing options exhausted** -- every configured provider for this corridor was unavailable simultaneously

## Recovery

<Note>
  This is a retryable terminal state. Submit a new transaction with exponential
  backoff starting at 30 seconds. The original transaction cannot be resumed.
</Note>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Wait and resubmit**

Start with a 30-second delay and double on each attempt. Most rail outages resolve within minutes:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "virtualAccountId": "vac_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "500.00"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "us",
        "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
        "firstName": "Jane",
        "lastName": "Doe",
        "accountNumber": "...",
        "routingNumber": "...",
        "accountType": "CHECKING"
      }
    }
  }'
```

Use a fresh `Idempotency-Key` for each new attempt.

**3. Contact support if the outage persists**

If the rail is consistently unavailable after multiple retries over 30+ minutes, contact support with:

* The `instance` value from the error response
* The rail and corridor you are requesting
* The correlation IDs from the failed attempts

## Prevention

* **Implement retry logic with backoff** -- wrap payout requests in a retry loop with exponential backoff (30s, 60s, 120s) and a cap of 3-5 attempts
* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'RAIL_UNAVAILABLE'` to surface a "temporarily unavailable, please try again shortly" message rather than a permanent failure state
* **Consider alternative rails** -- if your integration supports multiple rails for a corridor, route around the unavailable one on retry

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the rail is unreachable:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "RAIL_UNAVAILABLE"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a new payout


# RATE_UNAVAILABLE
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/rate-unavailable

A live exchange rate could not be retrieved for the requested currency pair

## What happened

The API could not retrieve a live exchange rate for the currency pair in your request. This returns HTTP 503 with error code `RATE_UNAVAILABLE`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "RATE_UNAVAILABLE",
  "title": "Rate Unavailable",
  "status": 503,
  "detail": "A live exchange rate could not be retrieved for USD/MXN.",
  "resolution": "Retry the request after a short delay. If the error persists, the rate provider for this currency pair may be experiencing an outage.",
  "docs": "/errors#rate-unavailable",
  "instance": "/v2/orders",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Rate provider timeout** -- the upstream provider took too long to respond
* **Currency pair not configured** -- the requested pair is not set up for your account
* **Polling lag** -- rate data has not been refreshed yet (brief window, resolves automatically)
* **All providers down** -- every configured provider for this pair is unavailable

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a transient error in most cases. A simple retry with backoff resolves
  it.
</Warning>

**1. Retry with backoff**

Wait 2-5 seconds and retry the request. Most rate provider issues resolve within seconds.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/orders \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "source": {"type": "wallet", "id": "wlt_...", "assetCode": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
    "destination": {"type": "virtual_account", "id": "vac_..."},
    "autoPayout": {
      "rail": "ACH",
      "country": "USA",
      "recipient": {
        "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
        "name": "Jane Doe",
        "accountNumber": "1234567890",
        "routingNumber": "021000021"
      }
    },
    "lockSide": "source",
    "amount": "1000.00"
  }'
```

**2. Check pair and recipient requirements**

Verify that the source and destination asset pair is supported, and fetch the
recipient fields required for the destination shape:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET 'https://api.conduit.financial/v2/orders/requirements?sourceCode=USDC&sourceChain=ETHEREUM&destinationCode=USD&destinationCountry=USA&paymentRail=ACH&recipientType=INDIVIDUAL' \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

If the pair is not supported, you will receive an `UNSUPPORTED_PAIR` error instead.

**3. Contact support**

If the error persists after multiple retries over 30+ seconds, contact support with:

* The `instance` value from the error response
* The currency pair you are requesting
* The approximate time of the first failure

## Prevention

* **Check pair availability before quoting** -- call the requirements endpoint during onboarding to confirm supported pairs and recipient fields
* **Implement retry logic** -- wrap order requests in a retry loop with exponential backoff (2s, 4s, 8s) and a maximum of 3-5 attempts
* **Handle gracefully in your UI** -- show a "rates temporarily unavailable, please try again" message rather than a generic error

## Related endpoints

* [POST /v2/orders](/api-reference/orders/create-order) -- create an order
* [GET /v2/orders/requirements](/api-reference/orders/get-order-requirements) -- check pair availability and required fields


# RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/recipient-not-whitelisted

An INTERCOMPANY payout requires a pre-registered, approved recipient

## What happened

You submitted a payout with `purpose: INTERCOMPANY` but the destination bank account has no corresponding `REGISTERED` whitelist recipient for this customer. This returns HTTP 422 with error code `RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED",
  "title": "Recipient Not Whitelisted",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "No registered whitelist recipient matches the destination bank account for this customer.",
  "resolution": "Register the recipient via POST /v2/customers/:id/whitelist-recipients and wait for REGISTERED status before submitting the payout.",
  "docs": "/errors#recipient-not-whitelisted",
  "instance": "/v2/payouts",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **No registration submitted** -- the destination account has never been registered as a whitelist recipient for this customer
* **Registration still in review** -- a registration exists but its status is `PENDING_REVIEW`, not `REGISTERED`
* **Registration rejected or revoked** -- the entry was declined or cancelled and no active replacement exists

## Recovery

**1. Check existing registrations for the customer**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/cus_abc123/whitelist-recipients \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

Look for an entry with `status: REGISTERED` whose `accountIdentifier` matches the destination account number or IBAN.

**2. If no registration exists, submit one**

Upload evidence documents first (ownership chart, inter-company agreement, or bank statement):

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/documents \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -F "file=@ownership-chart.pdf;type=application/pdf" \
  -F "purpose=transaction_support"
```

Then register the recipient:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/cus_abc123/whitelist-recipients \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: NEW_IDEMPOTENCY_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "rail": "US",
    "routingNumber": "021000021",
    "accountNumber": "1234567890",
    "holderName": "Acme Holdings LLC",
    "relationship": "GROUP_ENTITY",
    "evidenceDocumentIds": ["doc_abc123"]
  }'
```

**3. Wait for compliance review**

The registration starts in `PENDING_REVIEW`. Conduit will notify you via webhook when the review is complete:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "whitelist_recipient.registered",
  "data": {
    "whitelistRecipientId": "wlr_abc123",
    "status": "REGISTERED"
  }
}
```

<Note>
  Do not poll for status. Listen for the `whitelist_recipient.registered` or `whitelist_recipient.rejected` webhook events.
</Note>

**4. Once `REGISTERED`, resubmit the payout**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: NEW_IDEMPOTENCY_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "virtualAccountId": "vac_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "5000.00"},
    "purpose": "INTERCOMPANY",
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "us",
        "type": "BUSINESS",
        "legalName": "Acme Holdings LLC",
        "accountNumber": "1234567890",
        "routingNumber": "021000021",
        "accountType": "CHECKING"
      }
    }
  }'
```

## Prevention

* **Register recipients ahead of time** -- whitelist registration requires compliance review; submit the registration well before you intend to send funds
* **Listen for `whitelist_recipient.registered`** -- trigger your payout flow from the webhook, not from a timer or poll
* **Track registration state in your system** -- maintain a local map of `(customerId, accountNumber)` → `whitelistRecipientId` and its status so you can gate payout submission on `REGISTERED`

## Related endpoints

* [POST /v2/customers/:id/whitelist-recipients](/api-reference/whitelist-recipients/register-whitelist-recipient) -- register a recipient
* [GET /v2/customers/:id/whitelist-recipients](/api-reference/whitelist-recipients/list-whitelist-recipients) -- list recipients and check status
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a payout


# RESOURCE_TERMINAL error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/resource-terminal

A sandbox simulate endpoint was called against an entity that has already reached a terminal state

## What happened

You called a `simulate/*` endpoint against an entity (a payout, transaction, order, or deposit) that has already reached a terminal state. This returns HTTP 409 with error code `RESOURCE_TERMINAL`.

The first simulate call wins. Once an entity is terminal (succeeded, failed, or cancelled), no further simulation is possible on that entity.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "RESOURCE_TERMINAL",
  "title": "Resource Terminal",
  "status": 409,
  "detail": "The requested action can no longer be applied.",
  "resolution": "Re-fetch the entity to inspect its terminal state. No further simulation is needed.",
  "docs": "/errors#resource-terminal",
  "instance": "/v2/sandbox/payouts/txn_abc123/simulate/cosign",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Replay of a successful simulate call** -- the simulate call succeeded earlier and you called it again (e.g., a retry loop that did not check the prior response)
* **Race between simulate and autopilot** -- in sandbox, the chain-confirm autopilot runs automatically after a cosign approval; if autopilot completes before your next simulate call, the entity is already terminal
* **Simulate called on an already-terminal entity** -- the entity reached a terminal state through a different path (e.g., a `simulate/terminal` call or an earlier auto-terminate)

## Recovery

**1. Re-fetch the entity to see its terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/payouts/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

For orders:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/orders/ord_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Verify the terminal state is what you expected**

If the entity is already in the state your simulate call was trying to produce, no further action is needed. The 409 is confirmation that the entity is terminal.

**3. If the terminal state is unexpected, investigate**

Check the entity's `failureCode` (for failed states) or `status` to understand how it reached the terminal state. If a prior simulate call or autopilot drove it to an unexpected state, that is the root cause to address.

## Prevention

* **Check the response from each simulate call** -- treat a 200 response as authoritative; if the entity is already terminal, the response body will show the terminal state
* **Do not retry simulate calls in a loop** -- simulate calls are idempotent at the semantic level: once the entity is terminal, the first call's outcome stands
* **Account for sandbox autopilot** -- after approving a cosign, the sandbox chain-confirm autopilot runs automatically; do not issue a follow-up `simulate/confirm` call unless you disabled autopilot

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/payouts/:id](/api-reference/payouts/get-payout) -- read payout state
* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state
* [GET /v2/orders/:id](/api-reference/orders/get-order) -- read order state
* [POST /v2/sandbox/transactions/:id/simulate/terminal](/api-reference/sandbox/simulate-terminal) -- force a transaction terminal (will return RESOURCE\_TERMINAL if already done)


# RETURNED_BY_SENDER error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/returned-by-sender

An inbound transfer was returned by the originating institution before it could be credited

## What happened

An inbound transfer was returned by the originating financial institution before Conduit could credit it to the customer. The transaction is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: RETURNED_BY_SENDER`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "RETURNED_BY_SENDER",
  "title": "Transfer returned by originating institution",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The inbound transfer was returned by the sender's institution before it could be credited.",
  "resolution": "Contact the sender to investigate the return. The sender's institution should have a return code that explains the reason.",
  "docs": "/errors#returned-by-sender",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Insufficient funds at the originating institution** -- the sender's account did not have sufficient funds when the transfer was processed
* **Account closed or invalid** -- the originating account was closed or the transfer details were invalid
* **Sender-initiated reversal** -- the sender requested a recall or reversal of the transfer before it cleared

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. No funds were credited to the customer. The
  customer should contact the sender or their own financial institution for
  details on the return.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

The response will show `status: "failed"` and `failureCode: "RETURNED_BY_SENDER"`.

**2. Notify the customer**

The inbound transfer was not credited. The customer should be informed that the transfer was returned and that they should contact the sender for the return reason and next steps.

**3. Do not resubmit on behalf of the sender**

This failure originates at the sending institution. There is no action Conduit or the customer can take to recover the original transfer; a new transfer from the sender is required.

## Prevention

* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'RETURNED_BY_SENDER'` to surface a "your incoming transfer was returned by the sender's bank" message without disclosing internal details
* **Do not retry automatically** -- this failure requires the sender to initiate a new transfer; automated retries are not applicable

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the return is recorded:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "RETURNED_BY_SENDER"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state


# SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/sandbox-transaction-not-force-terminal-ready

A sandbox simulate endpoint was called with an outcome that is not valid in the transaction's current phase

## What happened

A sandbox simulate endpoint refused the request because the requested outcome is not viable in the transaction's current phase. This returns HTTP 422 with error code `SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY`. Three endpoints return this code today: `POST /v2/sandbox/transactions/{id}/simulate/terminal`, `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/{id}/simulate/settled`, and `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/{id}/simulate/confirm`.

The most common cases:

* A fiat payout with no selected settlement route receiving `outcome: "completed"` on `simulate/terminal`. The `completed` path requires the payout to be in the settlement-ready phase; before that, only `outcome: "failed"` is accepted.
* A payout that carries supporting `documents` (any `purpose` other than `INTERCOMPANY`) parks at the document-review gate before broadcast / settlement. Calling `simulate/settled` (fiat) or `simulate/confirm` (crypto) while the gate is still open used to silently 200 with no observable effect; Conduit only acts on the settlement / chain-confirm call after the gate clears. The 422 now surfaces the gap explicitly.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY",
  "title": "Transaction Not Force-Terminal Ready",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The requested terminal outcome is not viable in the transaction's current phase.",
  "resolution": "Wait for the transaction to advance to the next phase, or use outcome: 'failed' to terminate from the current phase.",
  "docs": "/errors#sandbox-transaction-not-force-terminal-ready",
  "instance": "/v2/sandbox/transactions/txn_abc123/simulate/terminal",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Payout parked at the document-review gate** -- the payout carries `documents` and is waiting for `simulate-review-approve` / `simulate-review-reject` before it can advance to broadcast / settlement. `simulate/settled` and `simulate/confirm` return 422 in this state.
* **Requesting `completed` too early on a fiat payout** -- on `simulate/terminal`, a fiat payout must have a settlement route before `outcome: "completed"` is accepted; route selection runs automatically after the compliance phase clears
* **Unsupported phase** -- the transaction is in a phase that the force-terminal endpoint does not support for the requested outcome

Note: a call against a transaction that has *already* reached a terminal state returns `RESOURCE_TERMINAL` (409), not this 422. See the [RESOURCE\_TERMINAL playbook](/errors/resource-terminal).

## Recovery

**1. Re-fetch the transaction to check the current phase**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

Check the `status` and `waitingOn` fields to understand what phase the transaction is in.

**2. Clear the document-review gate first if your payout carries `documents`**

If the 422 came from `simulate/settled` or `simulate/confirm`, the payout is most likely parked at document review. Approve (or reject) the review before retrying the terminal lever:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/txn_abc123/simulate-review-approve \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

`simulate-review-reject` instead terminates the payout as `failed` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED` and returns the reserved funds. See [withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals) for the full flow.

**3. Use `outcome: "failed"` to terminate immediately**

If you need to terminate the transaction from its current phase without waiting, use `outcome: "failed"` on `simulate/terminal`:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/transactions/txn_abc123/simulate/terminal \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"outcome": "failed"}'
```

**4. Wait for the phase to advance, then retry `outcome: "completed"`**

For fiat payouts on `simulate/terminal`, wait a few seconds for route selection to run, then retry with `outcome: "completed"`:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/transactions/txn_abc123/simulate/terminal \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"outcome": "completed", "utr": "sandbox-settlement-ref"}'
```

## Prevention

* **Approve document review before settlement** -- a payout that carries `documents` parks for review before it can settle / confirm. Call `simulate-review-approve` first.
* **Understand phase gating** -- fiat payouts require route selection before the `completed` path opens on `simulate/terminal`; deposits require the compliance phase to clear
* **Default to `outcome: "failed"` for speed** -- `failed` terminates a transaction from any non-terminal phase; use `completed` only when the happy path is what you need to test
* **Consult the simulate reference** -- the [sandbox cheat sheet](/sandbox/cheat-sheet#simulate-endpoints) documents which outcomes are valid per transaction type and phase

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state and current phase
* [POST /v2/sandbox/transactions//simulate/terminal](/api-reference/sandbox/simulate-terminal) -- force a transaction to a terminal state
* [POST /v2/sandbox/payouts//simulate-review-approve](/api-reference/sandbox/simulate-review-approve) -- clear the document-review gate


# SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/sender-info-timeout

A deposit was not credited because the sender-information deadline expired before the required details were provided

## What happened

A deposit arrived from an address that required sender information before Conduit could credit it. The required details were not submitted before the deadline, so the deposit was not credited and is now in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT`.

In production the deadline is 30 days from the first `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` event. In sandbox the deadline is compressed to approximately 30 seconds by default.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT",
  "title": "Sender information deadline expired",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The sender-information gate timed out before the required Travel Rule details were provided.",
  "resolution": "Submit the deposit again with the sender details included up front.",
  "docs": "/errors#sender-info-timeout",
  "instance": "/v2/transactions/txn_abc123/sender-information",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **No sender-information workflow** -- the integration did not handle `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` events and never submitted the required details
* **Missed deadline** -- the sender-information endpoint was called after the 30-day production window expired
* **Sandbox timing** -- the deposit was created in sandbox and the compressed \~30-second deadline elapsed before the simulate endpoint was called

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. The deposit cannot be recovered; no funds were
  credited to the customer.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

Read the transaction to confirm it is terminal:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

The response will show `status: "failed"` and `failureCode: "SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT"`.

**2. Notify the sender**

The underlying crypto deposit was received on-chain but not credited. The sender should be notified so they can initiate a new transfer. Include sender information with the new transfer if the same corridor triggers the gate again.

**3. Pre-supply sender information on the next deposit**

If your integration controls when sender information is submitted, use the `POST /v2/transactions/:id/sender-information` endpoint immediately on receiving `transaction.awaiting_sender_information`:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/txn_new123/sender-information \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "originator": {
      "entityType": "INDIVIDUAL",
      "firstName": "Jane",
      "lastName": "Doe",
      "dateOfBirth": "1990-01-01",
      "countryOfCitizenship": "USA"
    }
  }'
```

## Prevention

* **Handle `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` immediately** -- configure a webhook listener and submit the sender details as soon as the event arrives; do not rely on a later batch job
* **Build a fallback reminder** -- if the initial submission fails, use the `daysRemaining` field on the event to schedule a follow-up before the deadline
* **Sandbox: use the simulate endpoint** -- drive the sandbox sender-info gate before the compressed deadline expires

## Related webhooks

Two events are relevant to this failure path:

**`transaction.awaiting_sender_information`** fires when Conduit parks the deposit at the sender-information gate. The payload includes a `daysRemaining` field (null once the deadline has passed):

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.awaiting_sender_information",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "daysRemaining": 29
  }
}
```

**`transaction.failed`** fires when the gate expires:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/transactions/:id](/api-reference/transactions/get-transaction) -- read transaction state
* [POST /v2/transactions/:id/sender-information](/api-reference/transactions/submit-sender-information) -- submit sender details before the deadline
* [POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/deposits/:depositId/simulate/sender-info](/api-reference/sandbox/simulate-sender-info) -- drive the sender-info gate in sandbox


# TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/travel-rule-rejected

The receiving institution rejected the Travel Rule transfer, so the payout did not broadcast and no funds moved

## What happened

Your payout required a Travel Rule message to the receiving institution, but the institution rejected it before the on-chain broadcast. No funds were moved. The payout is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED",
  "title": "Travel Rule counterparty rejected",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The counterparty rejected the Travel Rule transfer before broadcast.",
  "resolution": "Confirm beneficiary details with the recipient institution and submit a new payout once the underlying issue is resolved.",
  "docs": "/errors#travel-rule-rejected",
  "instance": "/v2/payouts/txn_abc123/travel-rule/counterparty",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Unrecognized beneficiary** -- the receiving institution could not match the destination address or account to a known entity
* **Policy mismatch** -- the originating or beneficiary information did not meet the receiving institution's compliance requirements
* **Unsupported corridor** -- the receiving institution does not accept Travel Rule messages for the requested corridor

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. The payout cannot be recovered; a new payout must be
  submitted.
</Warning>

**1. Inspect the failure detail**

Read the payout to get the `failureMessage` field, which carries the institution's rejection reason when one was provided:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

The `failureMessage` is the institution-supplied reason (if present). When absent, contact your account manager for the raw rejection detail.

**2. Investigate the destination**

Verify the destination address is associated with a regulated custodian that participates in Travel Rule messaging. Unhosted wallets or unsupported custodians cannot be matched during the Travel Rule exchange.

**3. Submit a new payout to a different destination**

Once the issue is resolved, submit a new payout with a corrected or alternative destination:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "amount": "100.000000", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "CRYPTO",
        "chain": "ETHEREUM",
        "address": "0xnew..."
      }
    }
  }'
```

## Prevention

* **Verify destination eligibility** -- confirm the destination address belongs to a custodian that supports Travel Rule before submitting high-value transfers
* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- use `failureCode === 'TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED'` to branch on this specific terminal state and surface the `failureMessage` to the relevant party

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the payout terminates:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED",
    "failureMessage": "Beneficiary institution rejected the transfer: unrecognized address"
  }
}
```

`failureMessage` carries the institution-supplied reason when one was provided. When absent, the rejection had no machine-readable message.

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/payouts/:id](/api-reference/payouts/get-payout) -- read payout state and failure details
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a new payout
* [POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook](/api-reference/sandbox/simulate-counterparty-webhook) -- simulate a counterparty rejection in sandbox


# USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/user-signature-declined

A non-custodial payout failed because the end user explicitly declined to approve it at the signing step

## What happened

A non-custodial payout reached the user-signature step and the end user declined to approve it. No funds were moved. The payout is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`.

In sandbox you trigger this state by calling `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign` with `outcome: "declined"`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED",
  "title": "User signature declined",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The customer declined the payout from the approval page.",
  "resolution": "Submit a new payout if the decline was unintentional.",
  "docs": "/errors#user-signature-declined",
  "instance": "/v2/payouts/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Intentional decline** -- the user reviewed the payout details and chose not to proceed
* **Incorrect payout details** -- the amount, recipient, or asset shown on the signing screen did not match what the user expected
* **Accidental decline** -- the user tapped the wrong button on the signing UI

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. The payout cannot be recovered; a new payout must be
  submitted if the user wants to proceed.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

Read the payout to confirm it is terminal:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Determine whether to resubmit**

If the decline was accidental or the user wants to try again, confirm the destination and amount with them first, then submit a new payout:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "amount": "50.000000", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "CRYPTO",
        "chain": "ETHEREUM",
        "address": "0xabc..."
      }
    }
  }'
```

Use a fresh `Idempotency-Key` -- the prior key is bound to the declined payout.

## Prevention

* **Show payout details before sending** -- display the amount, asset, and destination address on a confirmation screen before initiating the signing step
* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED'` to surface a clear "you declined this transfer" message rather than a generic error

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the payout terminates:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/payouts/:id](/api-reference/payouts/get-payout) -- read payout state
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a new payout
* [POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign](/api-reference/sandbox/simulate-cosign) -- simulate cosign approval or decline in sandbox


# USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/user-signature-rejected-by-provider

A non-custodial payout failed because the custody provider could not accept the user's signature payload

## What happened

A non-custodial payout reached the signing step and the user attempted to approve it, but the custody provider rejected the signature payload before the on-chain broadcast. No funds were moved. The payout is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER`.

This is distinct from a user-driven decline ([USER\_SIGNATURE\_DECLINED](/errors/user-signature-declined)): the user attempted to approve, but the provider's validation of the signature failed.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER",
  "title": "Customer signature could not be accepted",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The customer's passkey approval could not be accepted. No funds were moved.",
  "resolution": "Submit a new payout. If the same customer or wallet hits this repeatedly, contact support.",
  "docs": "/errors#user-signature-rejected-by-provider",
  "instance": "/v2/payouts/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **Malformed signature** -- the passkey response from the user's device was incomplete or could not be parsed
* **Policy violation on the provider's side** -- the signing request did not match the provider's registered key policy for this wallet
* **Provider connectivity issue** -- the provider could not validate the signature due to a transient internal error

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state for the current payout. A new payout must be
  submitted.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Submit a new payout**

A single occurrence is usually a transient provider issue. Submit a new payout with a fresh idempotency key:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "amount": "50.000000", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "CRYPTO",
        "chain": "ETHEREUM",
        "address": "0xabc..."
      }
    }
  }'
```

**3. Escalate if it recurs**

If the same customer or wallet consistently hits this error, the wallet's key configuration may need to be investigated. Contact support with the affected wallet ID and the correlation IDs from the failed payouts.

## Prevention

* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER'` and surface a clear "your signature could not be processed" message with a retry option
* **Alert on repeated failures** -- if the same wallet fails more than once with this code, escalate rather than allowing silent retry loops

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the payout terminates:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/payouts/:id](/api-reference/payouts/get-payout) -- read payout state
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a new payout


# USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT error
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/errors/user-signature-timeout

A non-custodial payout failed because the user did not approve it before the signing window expired

## What happened

A non-custodial payout was waiting for the end user to approve it, but the signing window expired before the user acted. No funds were moved. The payout is in a terminal failed state with `failureCode: USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`.

The default signing window is 900 seconds (15 minutes) in production. In sandbox the same window applies, but sandbox testing typically uses `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign` directly rather than waiting for the timer.

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT",
  "title": "User signature timeout",
  "status": 422,
  "detail": "The customer did not approve the payout before the signing window expired.",
  "resolution": "Submit a new payout when the customer is ready to sign.",
  "docs": "/errors#user-signature-timeout",
  "instance": "/v2/payouts/txn_abc123",
  "correlationId": "corr_xyz789",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

## Common causes

* **User did not open the signing link** -- the signing prompt was not surfaced to the user in time
* **Session interrupted** -- the user started the signing flow but did not complete it within the window
* **Background/locked screen** -- the user's device locked before they could approve

## Recovery

<Warning>
  This is a terminal state. The payout cannot be recovered; a new payout must be
  submitted.
</Warning>

**1. Confirm the terminal state**

```bash theme={null}
curl -X GET https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts/txn_abc123 \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

**2. Submit a new payout when the user is ready**

Once the user is available to sign, submit a new payout with a fresh idempotency key:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: idem_NEW_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "customerId": "cus_abc123",
    "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "amount": "50.000000", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
    "destination": {
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "CRYPTO",
        "chain": "ETHEREUM",
        "address": "0xabc..."
      }
    }
  }'
```

## Prevention

* **Surface the signing prompt immediately** -- send a push notification or in-app prompt as soon as the payout enters the signing step; do not rely on the user checking back later
* **Warn before the window closes** -- if your UI has visibility into the payout state, show a countdown or alert when the window is about to expire
* **Handle `transaction.failed` with this code** -- branch on `failureCode === 'USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT'` to prompt the user to resubmit

## Related webhooks

The `transaction.failed` event fires when the window expires:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_abc123",
    "failureCode": "USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT"
  }
}
```

## Related endpoints

* [GET /v2/payouts/:id](/api-reference/payouts/get-payout) -- read payout state
* [POST /v2/payouts](/api-reference/payouts/create-payout) -- submit a new payout
* [POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign](/api-reference/sandbox/simulate-cosign) -- simulate cosign in sandbox (bypasses the timer)


# Add Virtual Accounts
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/guides/add-virtual-accounts

Request Virtual Accounts and retrieve deposit instructions

The customer must already be onboarded and active before you add a feature. You get `customerId` from the `application.approved` webhook — see [Onboard a Customer](/guides/onboard-customer) and [The Onboarding Lifecycle](/guides/onboarding-lifecycle). Calling features before the customer is active returns [`CUSTOMER_NOT_ONBOARDED`](/errors/customer-not-onboarded).

## Flow

Add Virtual Accounts by submitting a feature application against an existing customer. The integration:

1. Discover the customer's feature requirements.
2. Submit a `VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT` feature application.
3. Listen for `virtual_account_application.approved` or `virtual_account_application.rejected`.
4. Listen for `virtual_account.activated`.
5. Fetch the customer's Virtual Accounts and read `balances[]` plus `depositInstructions[]`.

## Request The Feature

Discover any extra requirements for the customer:

```bash theme={null}
curl 'https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/features/requirements?type=VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT' \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

Like the onboarding flow, the discovery response lists any required `fields` and `documents`. When present, collect them and include them in the submit body below. When the response asks for nothing extra, submit with just `type` and `asset`.

Submit the Virtual Account feature application for the target asset. `Idempotency-Key` is required — without it the call returns `IDEMPOTENCY_KEY_REQUIRED`.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/features \
  -X POST \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "content-type: application/json" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -d '{
    "type": "VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT",
    "asset": "USD"
  }'
```

The endpoint returns `202 Accepted` with a Virtual Account feature application carrying its own application id. Track it through the `virtual_account_application.approved` and `virtual_account_application.rejected` webhooks.

## Listen For Activation

Once the feature application is approved, listen for `virtual_account.activated` to know the Virtual Account is usable. Deposit instructions populate once the Virtual Account's `status` is `active`. See [Webhooks](/webhooks) and [Virtual Accounts](/concepts/virtual-accounts).

## Retrieve Deposit Instructions

After activation, fetch the Virtual Accounts for the customer:

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/virtual-accounts \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

The response contains VA-level balances and deposit instructions. It does not include provider bank accounts.

```json theme={null}
{
  "data": [
    {
      "id": "vac_...",
      "asset": { "code": "USD" },
      "status": "active",
      "balances": [
        {
          "available": { "code": "USD", "amount": "0.00" },
          "pending": { "code": "USD", "amount": "0.00" },
          "frozen": { "code": "USD", "amount": "0.00" }
        }
      ],
      "depositInstructions": [
        {
          "type": "domestic_usd",
          "accountNumber": "123456789",
          "beneficiaryName": "Example Customer",
          "beneficiaryAddress": "1 Main St, New York, NY",
          "bank": {
            "legalName": "Example Bank",
            "address": "2 Bank St, New York, NY"
          },
          "rails": [
            { "rail": "ach", "routingNumber": "021000021", "sameDayEligible": false },
            { "rail": "fedwire", "routingNumber": "021000021" },
            { "rail": "rtp", "routingNumber": "021000021", "networks": ["TCH"] }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "activatedAt": "2026-04-30T00:00:00.000Z",
      "createdAt": "2026-04-30T00:00:00.000Z",
      "updatedAt": "2026-04-30T00:00:00.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "meta": {
    "mode": "cursor",
    "nextCursor": null,
    "previousCursor": null,
    "total": 1
  }
}
```

Retrieve one Virtual Account when you have its id:

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/virtual-accounts/{virtualAccountId} \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```


# Money Movement Lifecycle
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/guides/money-movement-lifecycle

The journey of a dollar through Conduit: fund a Virtual Account, see the balance, convert it, pay it out, and follow the transaction to a terminal state

Money moves through Conduit in order. A customer funds a Virtual Account, the balance becomes available, you optionally convert it to another asset, you initiate a payout, and the payout's transaction walks through a few states until it reaches a terminal one.

Each step below answers the same four questions: **what state you're in**, **what you do to advance**, **what webhook fires**, and **what can go wrong**. Conduit is submit-and-listen — you make one call and react to webhooks. You can poll the matching `GET` endpoint, but you should never have to.

This guide is the map. It links down into the concept pages that own the authoritative field lists ([Money](/concepts/money), [Virtual Accounts](/concepts/virtual-accounts)) and out to the endpoint reference ([Payouts](/api-reference/payouts), Orders). It does not re-list them.

## Prerequisites

* An onboarded customer. See [Onboard a Customer](/guides/onboard-customer).
* A Virtual Account on that customer. See [Add Virtual Accounts](/guides/add-virtual-accounts).
* A webhook endpoint subscribed to the `transaction.*` and `order.*` events. See [Webhooks](/webhooks).

## The journey at a glance

```
Fund the Virtual Account        → deposit transaction: pending → completed
        │
        ▼
Balance becomes available       → balances[].available increases
        │
        ▼ (optional)
Convert the balance             → order: pending → succeeded
        │
        ▼
Initiate a payout               → payout transaction: pending → processing → completed
        │
        ▼
Terminal state                  → completed · failed · cancelled
```

Amounts everywhere in this journey use the one [Money shape](/concepts/money) (`{ "code": "USD", "amount": "100.00" }`). Echo what Conduit sends you; never round-trip through a float.

## Step 1 — Fund the Virtual Account

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: the account is active, balance is zero">
    You start with an `active` Virtual Account. You reached it by submitting a `VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT` feature application and receiving `virtual_account.activated` — see [Add Virtual Accounts](/guides/add-virtual-accounts). A non-`active` account (`pending_activation`, `disabled`) cannot receive a usable deposit yet. The [Virtual Accounts](/concepts/virtual-accounts) page covers that lifecycle.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: send funds to the deposit instructions">
    Your customer sends funds to the `depositInstructions[]` returned on the Virtual Account. No API call starts a deposit. Conduit detects the incoming funds and opens a deposit transaction for you.

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/virtual-accounts/{virtualAccountId} \
      -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="Webhooks: transaction.created, then transaction.completed">
    Conduit fires `transaction.created` with `type: "deposit"` when it detects the inbound funds, then `transaction.completed` once the deposit settles and the balance is credited. The public transaction status moves `pending` → `completed`.
  </Step>
</Steps>

<Warning>
  A crypto deposit from an unregistered sender address parks at `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` instead of completing. The payload carries the `sourceAddress` and an `expiresAt` deadline. Register the sender before the deadline, or the deposit times out and fails with `failureCode: SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT`. See [SENDER\_INFO\_TIMEOUT](/errors/sender-info-timeout).
</Warning>

**What can go wrong**

* The deposit is reversed or compliance returns it before credit → `transaction.failed` with `failureCode: RETURNED_BY_SENDER`. See [RETURNED\_BY\_SENDER](/errors/returned-by-sender).
* A compliance review parks the deposit → `transaction.failed` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_HOLD`. See [COMPLIANCE\_HOLD](/errors/compliance-hold).
* The sender address is unregistered → handled by the `awaiting_sender_information` path above; [SENDER\_INFO\_TIMEOUT](/errors/sender-info-timeout) is the terminal failure if it expires.

## Step 2 — The balance becomes available

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: funds are credited and spendable">
    Once `transaction.completed` fires for the deposit, the credited amount appears in the Virtual Account's `balances[].available`. Each balance carries three buckets:

    | Bucket      | Meaning                                                          |
    | ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
    | `available` | Spendable now — this is what a payout or conversion can draw on. |
    | `pending`   | Credited but not yet final; not spendable.                       |
    | `frozen`    | Held by a compliance action; not spendable.                      |
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: read the balance">
    Read the Virtual Account and confirm `available` reflects the deposit before you spend it.

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/virtual-accounts/{virtualAccountId} \
      -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
    ```
  </Step>
</Steps>

<Note>
  Spend against `available` only. Initiating a payout or order for more than the `available` amount is rejected at submission. The [Virtual Accounts](/concepts/virtual-accounts) page is the source of truth for the balance shape.
</Note>

## Step 3 — Convert the balance (optional)

Skip this step to pay out in the same asset you hold. Convert when the balance and the payout currency differ — for example, USD in a Virtual Account that you want to send out as USDC. A conversion is an **Order**: a firm, rate-locked exchange.

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: pending, with a locked rate">
    `POST /v2/orders` creates the order in status `pending` and returns `202 Accepted`. The response carries `sourceAssetAmount`, `destinationAssetAmount`, and a `lockExpiresAt` — the rate holds until then. First confirm the route is supported and learn any required recipient fields with `GET /v2/orders/requirements`.

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/orders \
      -X POST \
      -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
      -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
      -H "content-type: application/json" \
      -d '{
        "customerId": "cus_...",
        "type": "onramp",
        "sourceAssetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "10000.00" },
        "destinationAssetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ethereum" }
      }'
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: execute (or let it auto-execute)">
    A `pending` order does not move funds until executed. Execute it with `POST /v2/orders/:id/execute`, or let Conduit execute it when source funds land if you created it with `autoExecute: true`. To back out before execution, call `POST /v2/orders/:id/cancel`.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Webhooks: order.created → order.succeeded">
    `order.created` fires on creation. `order.succeeded` fires once the source amount is debited and the destination amount is credited and spendable. `order.succeeded` carries the spawned `transactionId` so you can reconcile against the underlying transaction. The order status moves `pending` → `succeeded`.
  </Step>
</Steps>

**What can go wrong**

* No live rate for the pair at creation → `POST /v2/orders` returns `RATE_UNAVAILABLE`. See [RATE\_UNAVAILABLE](/errors/rate-unavailable).
* The lock expires before the order is executed → the expiry sweep cancels it: `order.cancelled` with `reason: expired`.
* Execution fails terminally → `order.failed` with a `reasonCode`: `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` (source short at execution), `PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE` (transient — retry may succeed), `PROVIDER_REJECTED` (declined — change funding source or recipient), `INTERNAL_ERROR` (contact support), or `CANCELLED`.

<Note>
  Order-level failures surface on `order.failed` with a `reasonCode`. The transaction-level `failureCode` vocabulary in the next step is separate. Don't expect a conversion failure on `transaction.failed`.
</Note>

## Step 4 — Initiate a payout

Now send the available balance to an external destination. A payout is a `withdrawal`-type transaction. The [Payouts reference](/api-reference/payouts) documents the request body and every field. This section is about the states it passes through.

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: pending">
    `POST /v2/payouts` returns `202 Accepted` with the transaction in status `pending`. While `pending`, the payout clears compliance and Travel Rule exchange, and — for non-custodial wallets — awaits the customer's signature. The reserved balance is held but not yet sent.

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
      -X POST \
      -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
      -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
      -H "content-type: application/json" \
      -d '{
        "customerId": "cus_...",
        "virtualAccountId": "vac_...",
        "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
        "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00" },
        "destination": { "type": "fiat", "rail": "FEDWIRE", "recipient": { "...": "..." } },
        "documents": ["doc_..."]
      }'
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: usually nothing — Conduit drives it">
    A custodial payout advances on its own. You can still cancel a `pending` payout with `POST /v2/payouts/:id/cancel` until it broadcasts. Once it reaches `processing`, the cancel returns `409 PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`. Track state with `GET /v2/payouts/:id` (or the equivalent `GET /v2/transactions/:id`).
  </Step>

  <Step title="Webhooks: transaction.created (and signing events, if non-custodial)">
    `transaction.created` fires with `type: "withdrawal"`. For a non-custodial wallet source, `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` then fires with the `verificationUrl` to route the customer to. Multi-signer payouts also emit `transaction.signature_collected` per stamp and `transaction.quorum_met` once enough are in. The [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets) page covers that branch end to end.
  </Step>
</Steps>

**What can go wrong while `pending`**

* The recipient isn't whitelisted for an `INTERCOMPANY` payout → `422 RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED` at submission. See [RECIPIENT\_NOT\_WHITELISTED](/errors/recipient-not-whitelisted).
* A required supporting document is missing → `422 DOCUMENTATION_REQUIRED` at submission. See [DOCUMENTATION\_REQUIRED](/errors/documentation-required).
* The document review is declined after acceptance → `transaction.rejected` with `reasonCategory: document_inadequate` (the payout reads `failed` / `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED`).
* The customer never signs or declines (non-custodial) → `transaction.failed` with `USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT` or `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`. See [USER\_SIGNATURE\_TIMEOUT](/errors/user-signature-timeout), [USER\_SIGNATURE\_DECLINED](/errors/user-signature-declined).

## Step 5 — The payout reaches the rail

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: processing">
    Once compliance clears and any required signature is in, the payout hands off to the rail (bank or chain) and moves to `processing`. The funds are committed. The payout can no longer be cancelled.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: wait for finality">
    Nothing to do here. The transaction stays `processing` until the rail confirms settlement or reports a failure. Poll `GET /v2/payouts/:id` if you aren't relying on webhooks.
  </Step>
</Steps>

**What can go wrong at the rail**

* The source is short at settlement → `transaction.failed` with `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`. See [INSUFFICIENT\_FUNDS\_AT\_SETTLE](/errors/insufficient-funds-at-settle).
* The chosen rail isn't available → `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`; a rail-policy rule blocks it → `RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`. See [RAIL\_UNAVAILABLE](/errors/rail-unavailable), [RAIL\_POLICY\_REJECTED](/errors/rail-policy-rejected).
* A crypto broadcast is declined pre-broadcast → `PROVIDER_REJECTED`. See [PROVIDER\_REJECTED](/errors/provider-rejected).
* The counterparty VASP rejects the Travel Rule transfer → `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`. See [TRAVEL\_RULE\_REJECTED](/errors/travel-rule-rejected).

## Step 6 — Terminal state

The transaction stops at exactly one terminal state. This is where your integration takes its final action.

| Terminal status | Webhook                                                                         | Meaning                                                                                                                                                                 |
| --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `completed`     | `transaction.completed`                                                         | Funds reached the destination. The settlement reference (e.g. `fedwireImad`, `achTraceNumber`, `txHash`) is on the relevant `source`/`destination` side of the payload. |
| `failed`        | `transaction.failed` (or `transaction.rejected` for a declined document review) | The payout could not complete. Reserved funds, if any, are released. Branch on `failureCode`; when it's absent the cause isn't actionable — contact support.            |
| `cancelled`     | `transaction.cancelled`                                                         | Intentionally terminated (you called cancel, or a lock expired). Not a failure — there is no `failureCode`. `cancellationReason` is `client_cancelled` or `expired`.    |

<Note>
  The customer-facing transaction status collapses to five values — `pending`, `processing`, `completed`, `failed`, `cancelled`. Compliance outcomes that look distinct internally all surface as `failed` on the public API, differentiated by `failureCode`. The full failure-code catalog and its per-code recovery steps live in the [Errors](/errors) reference.
</Note>

## Reacting to the terminal event

* **`completed`** — store the settlement reference for reconciliation. The journey is done.
* **`failed` with an actionable `failureCode`** — follow the matching error playbook above; most resolve to "fix the input and submit a new payout with a fresh `idempotency-key`."
* **`failed` with no `failureCode`** — treat as terminal; contact support.
* **`cancelled`** — no funds moved; reserved balance is back in `available`. Submit a new payout when ready.


# Non-Custodial Payout Lifecycle
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/guides/non-custodial-payout-lifecycle

A non-custodial payout end to end: setting up signers and thresholds, the signing handshake, whitelist checks, settlement, and terminal state — with the state, the call, the webhook, and the failure at every step.

This guide follows a single payout from a non-custodial wallet through its whole life: who signs, what gates it passes, which webhook tells you where it is, and what to do when something goes wrong. Each step links down to the concept page that owns the detail and out to the error playbook for that step's failures.

Need the mental model for one piece — the roster, the threshold, the verify page? Start at [Multi-signer wallets](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets). Need the full payload schema for an endpoint? Follow the links to the reference. This page assumes your customer is already KYB-approved.

<Note>
  Non-custodial means the customer holds the signing material. A payout cannot
  broadcast until enough of the customer's signers approve it on the
  Conduit-hosted verify page — there is no code path in which Conduit moves the
  funds alone. See [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets).
</Note>

## The lifecycle at a glance

| Phase                        | You hold                       | You call                                              | You hear                                                     | Read more                                                |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1. Provision signers         | (no wallet yet)                | `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/claim-non-custodial`  | `wallet_signer.invited`, `wallet_signer.added`               | [Multi-signer wallets](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets)   |
| 2. Enroll the roster         | signers `PENDING_ACTIVATION`   | (signers enroll out-of-band)                          | `wallet_signer.enrolled`, then `crypto_wallet.completed`     | [Multi-signer wallets](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets)   |
| 3. Set the threshold         | wallet `ACTIVE`                | `PUT /v2/customers/:id/signing-quorum`                | —                                                            | [Signing thresholds](/concepts/signing-thresholds)       |
| 4. Whitelist the destination | wallet `ACTIVE`                | `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/registered-addresses` | — (synchronous)                                              | [Registered Addresses](/concepts/registered-addresses)   |
| 5. Initiate the payout       | payout `pending`               | `POST /v2/payouts`                                    | `transaction.created`, `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` | [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets) |
| 6. Collect signatures        | payout `pending`               | (signers approve on the verify page)                  | `transaction.signature_collected`, `transaction.quorum_met`  | [Multi-signer wallets](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets)   |
| 7. Settle                    | payout `pending` → `completed` | —                                                     | `transaction.completed`                                      | [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets) |

Payout `status` only ever takes the values `pending`, `processing`, `completed`, `failed`, and `cancelled`. The signing handshake happens while `status` is `pending`. The `requiresUserSignature` flag — not the status — tells you a signature is outstanding.

## Step 1 — Provision the signers

**State:** the customer has no non-custodial wallet yet.

**Advance:** call `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets/claim-non-custodial` with the `roster` (each signer's email and role) and the `signingThreshold`. It returns `202 Accepted` with a `claimId`. Provisioning runs in the background. Do not poll the `claimId` — it is a correlation receipt, not a status handle; you wait for the webhooks (`wallet_signer.*`, then `crypto_wallet.completed`).

**Webhooks:** for each roster member, a pair fires together — `wallet_signer.added` (the steady-state row, status `PENDING_ACTIVATION`) and `wallet_signer.invited`, which carries the per-signer `verificationUrl` and `expiresAt`. Send each invited signer's URL to that person out of band.

**What can go wrong:** the claim is rejected synchronously when the roster or threshold is malformed:

| Code                                                            | Meaning                                                                                  |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `CUSTOMER_KYB_INCOMPLETE`                                       | The customer is not yet KYB-approved.                                                    |
| `CUSTOMER_ALREADY_NON_CUSTODIAL` / `CUSTOMER_ALREADY_CUSTODIAL` | The customer already has a wallet from a previous claim or the legacy custodial feature. |
| `ROSTER_BELOW_MIN_ADMINS`                                       | Fewer than the minimum two admins on the roster.                                         |
| `THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_ROSTER`                                      | `signingThreshold` is greater than the number of signers.                                |
| `SIGNER_EMAIL_DUPLICATE`                                        | Two roster members share an email.                                                       |

See [Signing thresholds](/concepts/signing-thresholds) for how the threshold and minimum-admin constraints compose.

## Step 2 — Enroll the roster

**State:** each signer is `PENDING_ACTIVATION`. The wallet is not yet usable.

**Advance:** no API call for you here — each signer opens their `verificationUrl` and registers a passkey before `expiresAt`. Do not poll. Wait for the webhooks.

**Webhooks:** `wallet_signer.enrolled` fires as each signer completes enrollment and flips to `ACTIVE`. Once **every** roster member is enrolled, the wallet becomes usable and `crypto_wallet.completed` fires carrying the wallet IDs — your signal the customer can now receive and send funds. The wallet only becomes `ACTIVE` after every invited member enrolls — independent of the signing threshold. If one invited signer never enrolls, the wallet never activates, even if the threshold could otherwise be met.

**What can go wrong:** an invitation not used before `expiresAt` auto-expires; re-invite the signer with `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallet-signers`. Adding, removing, promoting, or demoting a signer runs through a sequential ceremony. A second roster change while one is in flight returns `409 CEREMONY_IN_FLIGHT`; retry after a short backoff.

## Step 3 — Set or adjust the signing threshold

**State:** wallet `ACTIVE`.

**Advance:** the threshold you set at claim time governs every payout. To change it, call `PUT /v2/customers/:customerId/signing-quorum` with the new `threshold`. To require more signatures on one high-value wallet, set a per-wallet override with `PUT /v2/wallets/:walletId/signing-quorum` (an override may only **lower** the threshold relative to the customer default). Read the current value at `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/signing-quorum`.

**Webhooks:** none — the threshold is configuration, not a payout event.

**What can go wrong:**

| Code                                  | Meaning                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `QUORUM_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDS_SIGNERS`    | The requested threshold is greater than the active signer count.               |
| `QUORUM_WALLET_OVERRIDE_CANNOT_RAISE` | A per-wallet override tried to raise the threshold above the customer default. |

The full constraint model — M-of-N, the minimum-admin floor, and the one-way override rule — lives in [Signing thresholds](/concepts/signing-thresholds).

## Step 4 — Whitelist the destination (intercompany payouts only)

**State:** wallet `ACTIVE`. This step applies only to payouts you send with `purpose: INTERCOMPANY`. For any other purpose, skip it — the inline recipient is accepted without a prior whitelist entry.

**Advance:** call `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets/registered-addresses` with the destination `chain` and `address`. Registration is **synchronous**: a successful `POST` returns the address already in `REGISTERED` status. An `INTERCOMPANY` payout then matches its `destination.recipient.address` against the registered entry by chain and address.

**Webhooks:** none for crypto registered addresses — they register synchronously.

**What can go wrong:** registration can be screened and suspended on the spot, returning `409 REGISTERED_ADDRESS_SUSPENDED` (do not retry; contact Conduit). The failure most integrators hit comes later, at payout time: an `INTERCOMPANY` payout to an address with no `REGISTERED` entry returns `422` — see [`RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED`](/errors/recipient-not-whitelisted). See [Registered Addresses](/concepts/registered-addresses) for the custody-type discriminator and Travel Rule disclosure fields — the Travel Rule being the requirement to exchange originator and beneficiary information on transfers.

## Step 5 — Initiate the payout

**State:** about to create the payout.

**Advance:** call `POST /v2/payouts` (requires the `idempotency-key` header). It returns `202 Accepted` with the payout in `status: "pending"` and its `id`. Because the source wallet is non-custodial, the response also carries `requiresUserSignature: true` — your frontend can prepare to route signers at once, without waiting for the webhook. See the [Payouts reference](/api-reference/payouts) for the full request body and fields.

**Webhooks:** `transaction.created` fires on initiation. Compliance and Travel Rule checks then run in the background with no client action; the customer is never asked to sign a payout that has not passed screening. When screening clears, `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` fires once for the payout, carrying the shared `verificationUrl`, `expiresAt`, and `requiredApprovals`.

**What can go wrong (synchronously, on the `POST`):**

| Code                          | Playbook                                                                                                                                       |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT`      | [Invalid address format](/errors/invalid-address-format)                                                                                       |
| `RECIPIENT_NOT_WHITELISTED`   | [Recipient not whitelisted](/errors/recipient-not-whitelisted)                                                                                 |
| `CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT` | [Concurrent cosign in flight](/errors/concurrent-cosign-in-flight) — the same wallet already has a payout awaiting signature on the same chain |
| `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS`          | The wallet's available balance cannot cover the payout.                                                                                        |

`CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT` is the sequencing trap: signing on a wallet+chain is single-file. If `GET /v2/payouts/:id` reports a non-zero `queuePosition`, an earlier payout is signing ahead of this one.

## Step 6 — The signing handshake

**State:** `status: "pending"`, `requiresUserSignature: true`. The payout is parked at the quorum gate.

**Advance:** route each signer to the `verificationUrl` from the `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` payload (the URL and `expiresAt` arrive **only** on the webhook — they are not on `GET /v2/payouts/:id`, so persist them). Each signer approves on the Conduit-hosted verify page with their passkey. They stamp independently until the threshold `M` is reached. For what the signer sees and what you host versus what Conduit hosts, see [Non-Custodial Wallets → Verify Page](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets#verify-page).

**Webhooks:** `transaction.signature_collected` fires once per stamp, carrying `collected` and `required` — drive a progress UI off these. When `collected >= required`, `transaction.quorum_met` fires, Conduit applies its own signature, and the payout proceeds to broadcast.

**What can go wrong:**

| Failure (`failureCode` on `transaction.failed`) | Playbook                                                                                                                      |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`                        | [User signature timeout](/errors/user-signature-timeout) — no signer approved before `expiresAt` (default 15 minutes)         |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`                       | [User signature declined](/errors/user-signature-declined) — a signer declined on the verify page                             |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER`           | [User signature rejected by provider](/errors/user-signature-rejected-by-provider) — a passkey approval could not be accepted |
| `CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED`                   | [Crypto wallet misconfigured](/errors/crypto-wallet-misconfigured) — the wallet cannot be signed for                          |
| `ROSTER_CHANGED`                                | A signer was removed mid-flight and the payout can no longer reach quorum — re-submit against the current roster              |

In every case **no funds move** and the payout is terminal — submit a new payout to retry. If a signer is removed while a payout sits at the gate, that signer's stamps are scrubbed and `transaction.signature_collected` re-fires with the lowered count. See ghost-vote scrubbing in [Multi-signer wallets](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets).

## Step 7 — Settlement and terminal state

**State:** quorum met, both Conduit and the customer signatures applied, broadcast underway.

**Advance:** nothing to do — wait for the chain to confirm.

**Webhooks:** `transaction.completed` fires when the chain confirms; the on-chain settlement reference is on `destination.external_crypto.txHash`. The payout's `status` is now `completed` and `requiresUserSignature` is `false`. This is the terminal success state.

A payout can instead reach a terminal **failure** (`transaction.failed`, status `failed`) for any of the Step 6 reasons, or terminal **cancellation** (`transaction.cancelled`, status `cancelled`) if you called `POST /v2/payouts/:id/cancel` before broadcast began. A cancellation is not a failure — it releases the reserved balance back to available and carries no `failureCode`. Once broadcast has begun, cancel returns `409 PAYOUT_NOT_CANCELLABLE`.

## Terminal-state summary

| Terminal status | Webhook                 | Funds moved?                   | Next step                                    |
| --------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- |
| `completed`     | `transaction.completed` | Yes — settled on-chain         | Reconcile on `txHash`                        |
| `failed`        | `transaction.failed`    | No                             | Branch on `failureCode`; submit a new payout |
| `cancelled`     | `transaction.cancelled` | No — reserved balance released | Re-submit when ready                         |

For the full payload schema of every event named here, see the [Webhooks reference](/webhooks).


# Onboard a Customer
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/guides/onboard-customer

Discover onboarding requirements, then submit a customer application

Onboard a business customer along the golden path: discover what a country requires, upload the documents, submit the application, and react to the result.

Conduit is submit-and-listen. Submit one application. Receive a webhook when it is approved or rejected. There is nothing to poll.

For the end-to-end state and recovery map, see [The Onboarding Lifecycle](/guides/onboarding-lifecycle).

## Prerequisites

* An API key for the environment you're integrating against. See [Authentication](/authentication).
* A webhook endpoint subscribed to `application.approved` and `application.rejected`. See [Webhooks](/webhooks).
* The customer's primary country (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 or alpha-3, e.g. `US` or `USA`).

## Flow

1. Discover the onboarding requirements for the customer's country.
2. Upload each required document and keep the returned `doc_...` ids.
3. Submit the application with the collected fields and document ids.
4. Listen for `application.approved` or `application.rejected`.
5. Fetch the new customer.

## Step 1 — Discover requirements

Requirements are country-specific. Call the discovery endpoint to learn which fields and documents to collect. Never hardcode them.

```bash theme={null}
curl 'https://api.conduit.financial/v2/onboarding/requirements?country=US' \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

The response has three parts: `fields[]` (the data to collect), `documents[]` (the document checklist), and `individualRequirements[]` (per-person rules). A control person is a beneficial owner or controlling person of the business — the individuals you list in `ownership.persons[]`; `individualRequirements[]` tells you how many each country requires and which role each must hold.

```json theme={null}
{
  "context": "onboarding",
  "country": "USA",
  "fields": [
    {
      "name": "businessInfo.taxId",
      "label": "Tax ID (EIN)",
      "type": "string",
      "required": true,
      "constraints": { "pattern": "^\\d{2}-\\d{7}$", "example": "12-3456789" }
    },
    {
      "name": "companyClassification.legalStructure",
      "label": "Legal structure",
      "type": "enum",
      "required": true,
      "allowedValues": ["LLC", "C_CORP", "S_CORP", "PARTNERSHIP"]
    }
  ],
  "documents": [
    {
      "canonicalType": "articles_of_incorporation",
      "title": "Articles of Incorporation",
      "minCount": 1
    }
  ],
  "individualRequirements": [
    {
      "role": "BENEFICIAL_OWNER",
      "minCount": 1,
      "ownershipThreshold": 25,
      "documents": [
        { "canonicalType": "government_id", "title": "Government-issued ID" }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```

Each `fields[].name` is a dot-path. Render your collection UI from `fields[]`, and validate against each field's `type`, `required`, and `constraints`. See [Requirements by Country](/api-reference/requirements) for the full schema.

<Note>
  Country codes are normalized server-side. You can send alpha-2 (`US`) or
  alpha-3 (`USA`); the response always echoes alpha-3.
</Note>

## Step 2 — Upload documents

Upload each document the requirements ask for. The endpoint is multipart with an optional `purpose` form field. Ordinary onboarding documents can omit it; identity attestations use `purpose=kyc`. Repeat once per file.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/documents \
  -X POST \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -F "file=@articles-of-incorporation.pdf"
```

```json theme={null}
{ "id": "doc_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t" }
```

Keep each returned `id`. Customer-level documents (e.g. incorporation papers) go in the top-level `documentIds[]`; documents that belong to a specific person (e.g. their government ID) go in that person's `ownership.persons[].documentIds[]`.

## Step 3 — Submit the application

Turn each `fields[].name` dot-path into a nested object (`businessInfo.taxId` → `businessInfo: { taxId }`), attach the document ids, and POST to `/v2/onboarding`.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/onboarding \
  -X POST \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "content-type: application/json" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: 8f3a1c2e-1b4d-4e9a-9c7f-2a6b5d8e1f00" \
  -d '{
    "clientReferenceId": "your-ref-001",
    "businessInfo": { "businessName": "Acme Inc", "taxId": "12-3456789" },
    "registeredAddress": { "country": "US", "addressLine1": "1 Main St", "city": "New York", "state": "NY", "zipcode": "10001" },
    "companyClassification": { "legalStructure": "C_CORP", "incorporationDate": "2020-01-15" },
    "ownership": {
      "persons": [
        {
          "roles": ["BENEFICIAL_OWNER", "CONTROLLING_PERSON"],
          "firstName": "Jane",
          "lastName": "Doe",
          "ownershipPercent": "100",
          "documentIds": ["doc_2aGov7IdQb7vN4hL1pR3w8"]
        }
      ]
    },
    "documentIds": ["doc_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t"]
  }'
```

The endpoint returns `202 Accepted` with the new application in `processing`. The customer does not exist yet — the `customerId` field is omitted from the response until the application reaches `approved`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "clientReferenceId": "your-ref-001",
  "type": "CUSTOMER_ONBOARDING",
  "status": "processing",
  "submittedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "updatedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
}
```

<Note>
  Pass your own `clientReferenceId` to correlate the application with a record in
  your system. It is echoed back on the response and on every webhook for this
  application.
</Note>

<Warning>
  `Idempotency-Key` is required. Reuse the same key when retrying a submission
  so a network failure can't create a duplicate application. A submission whose
  tax ID or beneficial-owner government ID matches an existing active
  application is rejected with `409 ONBOARDING_ALREADY_SUBMITTED`.
</Warning>

## Step 4 — Listen for the result

When review completes, Conduit delivers one of two webhooks. Both include your `clientReferenceId`.

`application.approved` — the customer is now active. `customerId` is populated.

```json theme={null}
{
  "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "clientReferenceId": "your-ref-001"
}
```

`application.rejected` — no customer is created. `reason` explains why.

```json theme={null}
{
  "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "customerId": null,
  "reason": "Application does not meet compliance requirements",
  "clientReferenceId": "your-ref-001"
}
```

## Step 5 — Fetch the customer

On approval, retrieve the customer with the `customerId` from the webhook.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId} \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

## Handling a rejection

A rejected application is terminal. No customer is created, and `customerId` stays `null`. The `application.rejected` webhook carries a human-readable `reason` when one is available. There is no per-field breakdown. The reason arrives on the webhook only, so persist it when you receive it.

Confirm an application's status at any time. This helps if a webhook was missed:

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/applications/{applicationId} \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "clientReferenceId": "your-ref-001",
  "type": "CUSTOMER_ONBOARDING",
  "status": "rejected",
  "submittedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "updatedAt": "2026-01-15T09:42:00.000Z"
}
```

The response reports `status` but not the rejection reason. Capture the reason from the webhook. The `customerId` field stays omitted because a rejected application never creates one.

### Correct and resubmit

A rejection does not block the business. A rejected application no longer counts as active. Once you've corrected the data, submit a fresh application for the same tax ID and beneficial owners. Submit it as a new `POST /v2/onboarding` with:

* a **new `Idempotency-Key`** — reusing the rejected submission's key replays its original response instead of creating a new application.
* the **same `clientReferenceId`** — keeps every attempt correlated to one record in your system.

<Note>
  To abandon an application that is still in review, before any decision, call
  `POST /v2/applications/{applicationId}/cancel`. Approved and rejected
  applications are terminal and cannot be cancelled.
</Note>

## What happens next

The customer is active but has no features yet. Add a Virtual Account so they can receive funds — see [Add Virtual Accounts](/guides/add-virtual-accounts).


# Onboard with KYC Reliance
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/guides/onboard-with-kyc-reliance

Submit identity verification proofs from your own KYC provider instead of routing each control person through a Conduit-hosted identity flow

## What KYC reliance is

Standard customer onboarding routes each declared control person through a Conduit-hosted identity verification flow: a selfie and government-ID check. KYC reliance is an alternative for organizations that already run their own KYC/IDV program. Instead of each person completing a fresh identity flow, you upload a verification report exported from your own provider for each control person. Conduit validates the report and clears the identity requirement when the report matches your submitted person data. The match centers on name and date of birth. Other identity fields in the report are cross-checked too.

Everything else in onboarding is identical. Business-entity fields, KYB documents, compliance screening, and the review pipeline all work the same way.

This guide covers only what reliance changes. It assumes you have read the standard flow: [Onboard a Customer](/guides/onboard-customer) and [The Onboarding Lifecycle](/guides/onboarding-lifecycle).

Start from the standard requirements-discovery step in [Onboard a Customer](/guides/onboard-customer). That step tells you how many control persons to declare and which business documents to attach. This guide picks up at the attestation upload.

A control person is a beneficial owner or controlling person of the business — the individuals you list in `ownership.persons[]`. The discovery response's `individualRequirements[]` tells you how many each country requires and which role each must hold. You attach one attestation PDF per control person, via that person's `ownership.persons[i].documentIds[]`.

## Prerequisites

KYC reliance must be enabled for your organization before you can use it. It is off by default.

<Note>
  If KYC reliance is not yet enabled, contact your Conduit account
  manager. Attestation documents submitted before the feature is enabled will
  not satisfy the identity verification requirement.
</Note>

## What changes vs standard onboarding

|                                  | Standard onboarding                                 | KYC reliance                                                                                                                                                            |
| -------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Per-person identity verification | Each control person completes a Conduit-hosted flow | You upload one attestation PDF per control person                                                                                                                       |
| Document slot                    | No per-person document required                     | `ownership.persons[i].documentIds[]`                                                                                                                                    |
| Outcome determination            | Conduit-hosted provider verdict                     | Identity fields extracted from the PDF, matched against submitted data. Name and date of birth are the primary match fields; other fields in the report are checked too |
| Auto-clear                       | After the hosted flow completes                     | After a clean match on name, date of birth, and any other identity fields in the report                                                                                 |
| Operator review                  | On mismatch or inconclusive result                  | On mismatch, unrecognized provider, or non-valid classification                                                                                                         |

## What the attestation must contain

Upload a PDF exported from your KYC/IDV provider. The document must contain all of these:

| Required element             | Examples                                                                                             |
| ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Provider name                | "Verified by Sumsub", Veriff logo, "Jumio Verification Report"                                       |
| Person's full legal name     | First name, last name — must match `firstName` + `lastName` in your submission                       |
| Verification result          | "Verified", "Approved", "Clear", "Pass", or equivalent                                               |
| Verification or reference ID | A case ID, session ID, or transaction reference                                                      |
| Completion date              | The date the verification was completed (the report's own date — not matched against the submission) |

Additional requirements:

* One person per file. Do not combine multiple persons' reports in a single PDF.
* The document must be legible and unedited. Redacted or altered PDFs are rejected.
* The name and date of birth in the report must match the values in your `ownership.persons[i]` submission exactly. Other identity fields in the report, such as nationality or government ID number, are cross-checked too. Fields absent from the report count as inconclusive, not a mismatch.

## How to export from your provider

The table below covers the most common providers. For providers not listed, export the verification summary or decision report from your provider's dashboard or case management UI.

| Provider         | Where to export                                                     |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sumsub           | Dashboard → Applicants → select applicant → "Download Report" (PDF) |
| Veriff           | Dashboard → Sessions → select session → "Export" → PDF summary      |
| Onfido / Entrust | Dashboard → Reports → select check → "Download Report"              |
| Jumio            | Dashboard → Transactions → select transaction → "Export" → PDF      |
| Persona          | Dashboard → Inquiries → select inquiry → "Download PDF"             |
| AiPrise          | Dashboard → Verifications → select record → "Export PDF"            |
| Plaid            | Dashboard → Identity Verification → select session → "Export"       |
| Trulioo          | Dashboard → Verifications → select record → "Download Report"       |
| Smile ID         | Dashboard → Jobs → select job → "Download" → PDF report             |
| IDwall           | Dashboard → Processes → select process → "Export"                   |
| Incode           | Dashboard → Sessions → select session → "Download Report"           |
| Alloy            | Dashboard → Applications → select entity → "Export" → PDF           |
| Socure           | Dashboard → Decisions → select decision → "Export"                  |
| Identomat        | Dashboard → Verifications → select verification → "Download"        |
| iDenfy           | Dashboard → Verifications → select record → "Download PDF"          |
| ID.me            | Dashboard → Verifications → select record → "Export"                |
| IDnow            | Dashboard → Processes → select process → "Export Report"            |
| Didit            | Dashboard → Verifications → select session → "Export PDF"           |

<Note>
  Provider dashboard layouts change over time. If the menu path above no longer
  matches, look for an "Export", "Download", or "Generate Report" action on the
  individual verification or session detail page.
</Note>

## Integration walkthrough

### Step 1 — Upload each person's attestation

Upload one PDF per control person. Use `purpose: kyc` and `Content-Type: multipart/form-data`. `POST /v2/documents` takes an optional `purpose`; identity attestations use `purpose=kyc`, while ordinary onboarding documents omit it or use the default.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/documents \
  -X POST \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -F "file=@alice-smith-verification.pdf" \
  -F "name=IDV Attestation - Alice Smith" \
  -F "purpose=kyc"
```

Response:

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "doc_01JABCDE12345EXAMPLE0001",
  "name": "IDV Attestation - Alice Smith",
  "purpose": "kyc",
  "createdAt": "2026-06-01T10:00:00.000Z"
}
```

Save the `id`. You attach it to the person in the next step.

### Step 2 — Submit the onboarding application

Submit a standard `POST /v2/onboarding` request. For each control person, include the document ID in `ownership.persons[i].documentIds[]`.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/onboarding \
  -X POST \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Idempotency-Key: YOUR_IDEMPOTENCY_KEY" \
  -d '{
    "clientReferenceId": "your-customer-001",
    "documentIds": ["doc_businessReg001", "doc_operatingLicense001"],
    "businessInfo": {
      "businessName": "Aurora Robotics Inc.",
      "taxId": "12-3456789",
      "website": "https://aurora-robotics.example.com",
      "companyEmail": "compliance@aurora-robotics.example.com",
      "companyPhone": "+15551234567"
    },
    "registeredAddress": {
      "country": "USA",
      "addressLine1": "1 Main St",
      "city": "New York",
      "state": "US-NY",
      "zipcode": "10001"
    },
    "ownership": {
      "persons": [
        {
          "firstName": "Aiko",
          "lastName": "Tanaka",
          "email": "aiko@aurora-robotics.example.com",
          "birthDate": "1985-06-15",
          "nationality": "USA",
          "governmentIdType": "PASSPORT",
          "governmentIdNumber": "A12345678",
          "governmentIdCountry": "USA",
          "roles": ["CONTROLLING_PERSON"],
          "ownershipPercent": 100,
          "documentIds": ["doc_01JABCDE12345EXAMPLE0001"]
        }
      ]
    },
    "certification": {
      "termsAndConditions": true,
      "consentToElectronicSignatures": true
    }
  }'
```

The key difference from standard onboarding is `ownership.persons[i].documentIds`. The attestation PDF attaches there. The top-level `documentIds` carries business-entity documents only, such as registration and license.

Response:

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "app_01JABCDE12345EXAMPLE0002",
  "type": "CUSTOMER_ONBOARDING",
  "status": "processing",
  "clientReferenceId": "your-customer-001"
}
```

### Step 3 — Listen for the outcome

Configure a webhook listener for `application.approved` and `application.rejected`. See [Webhooks](/webhooks) for setup.

When the attestation matches the submitted data on name, date of birth, and any other identity fields in the report, the review pipeline clears the identity requirement. The application proceeds toward approval without operator intervention.

## Acceptance and rejection expectations

A submitted attestation may be rejected for any of these reasons:

| Reason                                                                       | What to do                                                                                                                        |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Name or date of birth in the report does not match the submitted person data | Verify the names are an exact match (no initials, abbreviations, or transliteration differences) and re-upload the correct report |
| Provider cannot be identified from the document                              | Ensure the report contains a clear provider name or logo; try a different export format from your provider                        |
| Document appears illegible, edited, or corrupted                             | Re-export the report from your provider's dashboard                                                                               |
| Document classified as a raw ID rather than a verification report            | Upload the provider-generated report (verification summary / decision PDF), not a scan of the government ID itself                |
| Missing required attestation for a declared person                           | Upload one attestation PDF per control person and include each document ID in that person's `documentIds[]`                       |

When an attestation is rejected or mismatched, the application routes to operator review: a human reviewer looks at it, and you still receive `application.approved` or `application.rejected` as normal — see [The Onboarding Lifecycle](/guides/onboarding-lifecycle) for the decision webhooks. You receive an `application.rejected` webhook if the operator decides the application cannot proceed. To resubmit, cancel the rejected application and submit a new one with corrected documents.


# The Onboarding Lifecycle
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/guides/onboarding-lifecycle

Follow a business customer from submitted application through verification to active — across the full-KYC and KYC-reliance paths

This is the map. The [Onboard a Customer](/guides/onboard-customer) and [Onboard with KYC Reliance](/guides/onboard-with-kyc-reliance) guides each walk one path step by step. This guide connects them — what state your customer is in at each point, what moves them forward, which webhook tells you it happened, and what to do when something goes wrong.

Onboarding is **submit-and-listen**. You submit one application and wait for a webhook. Nothing to poll. No intermediate states to act on between submission and the final decision.

## The two paths, one shape

Every business customer travels the same journey: you submit an application, Conduit verifies the business and the people behind it, and the customer either becomes active or the application is rejected. Only one thing differs: **how each control person proves their identity**. A control person is a beneficial owner or controlling person of the business — the individuals you list in `ownership.persons[]`; the discovery response's `individualRequirements[]` tells you how many each country requires.

|                       | Full KYC                                                     | KYC reliance                                                   |
| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Identity verification | Each control person completes a Conduit-hosted identity flow | You upload one verification report per control person          |
| Where it attaches     | Nothing extra on the person                                  | `ownership.persons[i].documentIds[]`                           |
| Availability          | Default                                                      | Must be enabled for your organization first                    |
| Detailed guide        | [Onboard a Customer](/guides/onboard-customer)               | [Onboard with KYC Reliance](/guides/onboard-with-kyc-reliance) |

Everything else — business-entity fields, KYB documents, screening, the review pipeline, the states, the endpoints, and the webhooks — is identical. The rest follows the shared journey and calls out the reliance branch only where it diverges.

<Note>
  KYC reliance is not on by default. If it is not enabled for your
  organization, attaching verification reports will not satisfy the identity
  requirement — each person will still be expected to complete a hosted flow.
  Contact your Conduit account manager to enable it.
</Note>

## The journey

<Steps>
  <Step title="Before you start — discover and collect">
    There is no customer and no application yet.

    Requirements are country-specific, so call `GET /v2/onboarding/requirements?country=...` to learn which fields and documents to collect, then upload each document with `POST /v2/documents` and keep the returned `doc_...` ids. Never hardcode the requirements — they vary by country and change over time.

    **Reliance branch:** alongside the business documents, upload one identity verification report (a PDF exported from your own KYC provider) per control person, and hold each `doc_...` id to attach to that person.

    See [Onboard a Customer → Discover requirements](/guides/onboard-customer) for the full field and document walkthrough, and [Requirements by Country](/api-reference/requirements) for the response schema.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Submit the application">
    Submit everything you collected to `POST /v2/onboarding` with a required `Idempotency-Key`. The endpoint returns `202 Accepted`.

    **State: `processing`.** The application now exists and is in review. No customer exists yet — `customerId` is `null` until approval. Nothing else to do here. The next thing that happens is a webhook.

    **Reliance branch:** the request body differs in one way. Each person's verification report id goes in `ownership.persons[i].documentIds[]`. The top-level `documentIds[]` still carries business-entity documents only.

    <Warning>
      Reuse the same `Idempotency-Key` if a submission times out, so a retry
      can't create a duplicate application. A submission whose tax ID or a
      control person's identity matches an existing **active** application is
      rejected with `409 ONBOARDING_ALREADY_SUBMITTED`.
    </Warning>
  </Step>

  <Step title="Verification runs (you wait)">
    **State: still `processing`.** Conduit verifies the business and screens the people behind it. This is where the two paths physically differ:

    * **Full KYC** — each declared control person is taken through a Conduit-hosted identity flow.
    * **KYC reliance** — Conduit reads the report you uploaded for each control person and matches it against the data you submitted, centering on name and date of birth. A clean match clears the identity requirement automatically. A mismatch, an unreadable report, or an unrecognized provider routes the application to a manual reviewer.

    Either way the application stays in `processing` from your side. You do not poll and you do not act. Verification can take seconds to days depending on what review finds. Wait for the decision webhook in the next step.
  </Step>

  <Step title="The decision arrives">
    Review completes and the application reaches a terminal state. Exactly one of two outcomes fires, and every payload echoes your `clientReferenceId`.

    **Approved — state: `approved`.** The customer now exists. Two webhooks fire as a pair on first approval:

    * `application.approved` — carries the populated `customerId`.
    * `customer.created` — the new customer, same `applicationId` and `customerId`.

    Because they are a pair, dedupe on `(applicationId, customerId)` if your handler reacts to either. An idempotent re-approval of an already-approved application does **not** re-emit them.

    **Rejected — state: `rejected`.** No customer is created; `customerId` stays `null`.

    * `application.rejected` — carries a human-readable `reason` when one is available. The reason is delivered **on the webhook only**, so persist it when you receive it.

    Both `approved` and `rejected` are terminal. See [the rejection branch](#the-rejection-branch) below for how to recover.
  </Step>

  <Step title="The customer is active">
    **State: `approved`, customer exists.** Fetch it with `GET /v2/customers/{customerId}` using the id from the webhook.

    The customer is active but has no features yet — it can't receive or move money until you add one. The usual next step is to give them a place to receive funds. See [Add Virtual Accounts](/guides/add-virtual-accounts).

    <Warning>
      Operations that require a fully-onboarded customer (adding features,
      creating wallets, transacting) fail with `422 CUSTOMER_NOT_ONBOARDED`
      until the application is approved. Gate those calls on
      `application.approved` rather than attempting them and handling the error.
      See [CUSTOMER\_NOT\_ONBOARDED](/errors/customer-not-onboarded).
    </Warning>
  </Step>
</Steps>

## Checking state without a webhook

Webhooks are the intended signal, but if you miss one you can read the current state at any time. This reports the `status` but **not** the rejection reason — that lives on the webhook only.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/applications/{applicationId} \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "CUSTOMER_ONBOARDING",
  "status": "rejected",
  "submittedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "updatedAt": "2026-01-15T09:42:00.000Z"
}
```

You can also list every application for a customer with `GET /v2/applications`. The full set of `status` values and their meanings lives in the [application reference](/api-reference/applications/get-application) — treat that as authoritative rather than memorizing them here.

## The rejection branch

A rejection does not block the business. A `rejected` application is terminal and creates no customer, but it no longer counts as active. Once you've corrected the data, submit a **fresh** `POST /v2/onboarding`:

* use a **new `Idempotency-Key`** — reusing the rejected submission's key replays its original response instead of creating a new application.
* keep the **same `clientReferenceId`** — so every attempt stays correlated to one record in your system.

<Note>
  To abandon an application that is still in review **before** any decision,
  call `POST /v2/applications/{applicationId}/cancel`. Approved, rejected, and
  already-cancelled applications are terminal and cannot be cancelled — submit
  a new application instead.
</Note>

## When something goes wrong

| Symptom                                                     | Where to look                                                                                             |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Submission rejected with `409 ONBOARDING_ALREADY_SUBMITTED` | An active application already exists for that tax ID or control person. Cancel or await the existing one. |
| A reliance report didn't clear the identity requirement     | [Onboard with KYC Reliance](/guides/onboard-with-kyc-reliance) — acceptance and rejection expectations    |
| A required document is missing or has the wrong purpose     | [DOCUMENTATION\_REQUIRED](/errors/documentation-required)                                                 |
| An operation failed because the customer isn't active yet   | [CUSTOMER\_NOT\_ONBOARDED](/errors/customer-not-onboarded)                                                |

## Where to go next

* [Onboard a Customer](/guides/onboard-customer) — the full-KYC path, end to end
* [Onboard with KYC Reliance](/guides/onboard-with-kyc-reliance) — the reliance path, end to end
* [Add Virtual Accounts](/guides/add-virtual-accounts) — the usual first step with a newly active customer
* [Webhooks](/webhooks) — subscribe to `application.approved`, `application.rejected`, and `customer.created`


# Receive Crypto Lifecycle
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/guides/receive-crypto-lifecycle

The journey of an inbound crypto deposit: provision a wallet, share its address, watch funds arrive on-chain, see the balance credited, and follow the deposit to a terminal state

Crypto arrives at Conduit in order. You create a wallet and wait for it to provision. You share that wallet's address with whoever is sending you funds. The funds arrive on-chain, Conduit detects them and opens a deposit, the deposit settles, and the balance lands on the wallet.

Each step below answers four questions: **what state you're in**, **what you do to advance**, **what webhook fires**, and **what can go wrong**. Receiving is submit-and-listen. Once the address exists there is nothing to call. You react to webhooks. You can poll the wallet's `GET` endpoint, but you should never have to.

Receiving works **identically for custodial and non-custodial wallets**. The deposit address is the wallet address either way. Detection and settlement are the same, and the balance lands in the same place. Custody only changes who controls the keys when funds *leave* — see the [Non-Custodial Payout Lifecycle](/guides/non-custodial-payout-lifecycle). Inbound, there is no difference.

<Note>
  Virtual Accounts are **fiat-only**. Crypto never credits a Virtual Account — an inbound deposit always credits the destination **wallet**. Funding with dollars over a bank rail is a different story: see the [Money Movement Lifecycle](/guides/money-movement-lifecycle) and [Virtual Accounts](/concepts/virtual-accounts). Do not look for crypto in a Virtual Account. It will not be there.
</Note>

## Prerequisites

* An onboarded customer. See [Onboard a Customer](/guides/onboard-customer).
* The crypto wallets feature active on that customer.
* A webhook endpoint subscribed to the `crypto_wallet.*` and `transaction.*` events. See [Webhooks](/webhooks).

## The journey at a glance

```
Create a wallet                 → address is null until provisioning finishes
        │
        ▼
Wallet finishes provisioning    → crypto_wallet.completed · address is now populated
        │
        ▼
Share the address               → the wallet address IS the deposit address (no call)
        │
        ▼
Funds arrive on-chain            → deposit transaction: pending
        │                           (transaction.created, type: "deposit")
        ▼
Is the sender's address registered?
   │
   ├─ NO ─▶  Deposit PARKS — funds are NOT credited, NOT spendable
   │         transaction.awaiting_sender_information  (30-day deadline)
   │              │
   │              ▼
   │         You MUST submit sender information  → POST /v2/transactions/{id}/sender-information
   │              │                                 (miss the deadline → deposit FAILS: SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT)
   │              ▼  (accepted)
   └─ YES ─▶ Deposit settles           → transaction.completed · balance moves pending → available
                  │
                  ▼
             Terminal state            → completed · failed
```

Supported chains (lowercase): `ethereum`, `base`, `polygon`, `solana`, `tron`. Amounts use the [Money shape](/concepts/money). Echo what Conduit sends you. Never round-trip an amount through a float.

## Step 1 — Provision a wallet with a usable address

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: no wallet, or a wallet whose address is still null">
    A deposit needs somewhere to land. Create a wallet on the chain you want to receive on:

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets \
      -X POST \
      -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
      -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
      -H "content-type: application/json" \
      -d '{ "chain": "ethereum" }'
    ```

    The wallet (id prefix `wlt_`) is created immediately, but its `address` is **`null` while it provisions**. Conduit assigns the address when provisioning finishes. There is no separate "generate deposit address" call. The address is a property of the wallet. A wallet without an address cannot receive anything.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: wait for provisioning to finish">
    Provisioning runs in the background. There is no call to make. You wait for one webhook.

    For non-custodial wallets, provisioning also depends on the customer's signers enrolling. The [Non-Custodial Payout Lifecycle](/guides/non-custodial-payout-lifecycle) covers that branch. Whether custodial or non-custodial, the same event tells you the address is live.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Webhook: crypto_wallet.completed">
    `crypto_wallet.completed` fires when provisioning finishes and the wallet is ready to receive funds. After it, the wallet's `address` is populated and usable. Read it back at any time:

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId} \
      -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
    ```

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "id": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "address": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b844bc9e7595f2bd18",
      "balances": []
    }
    ```
  </Step>
</Steps>

<Warning>
  Do not share an address while it is `null`. Gate sharing on `crypto_wallet.completed` (or on a `GET` that returns a non-null `address`) rather than reading the field right after creation. Funds sent before an address exists have nowhere to land.
</Warning>

## Step 2 — Share the address with the sender

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: the wallet has a populated address">
    The wallet's `address` field **is** the deposit address. There is nothing to generate, register, or activate. Hand that one string to whoever is sending you crypto, along with the chain. An address is only valid on its own chain.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: send the address out of band, then wait">
    Give the sender the `address` and the `chain`. From here there is nothing to call. There is **no API call to start a deposit** — like the fiat funding story, you do not tell Conduit a deposit is coming. Conduit watches the chain and opens the deposit when funds arrive.
  </Step>
</Steps>

<Note>
  One address per wallet, reusable for every deposit on that chain. You do not need a fresh address per payment. To receive on a different chain, create another wallet for it (Step 1).
</Note>

## Step 3 — Funds arrive and Conduit opens a deposit

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: funds confirmed on-chain, deposit pending">
    When the sender's transfer confirms on-chain, Conduit detects it and opens a deposit transaction in status `pending`. The credited-but-not-final amount appears in the wallet's `balances[]` under `pending`.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: nothing — react to the webhook">
    There is nothing to do. Listen for the deposit event and reconcile it against your records.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Webhook: transaction.created">
    `transaction.created` fires with `type: "deposit"`. The `source` is `type: "external_crypto"` and carries the sender's `address`; the `destination` is `type: "wallet"` and carries the `walletId`, the wallet `address`, and the `assetAmount` (`{ code, chain, amount }`).

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "type": "deposit",
      "source": {
        "type": "external_crypto",
        "address": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b8d4c9c2c7a3b3d7e1",
        "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ethereum", "amount": "1000.000000" }
      },
      "destination": {
        "type": "wallet",
        "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "address": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b844bc9e7595f2bd18",
        "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ethereum", "amount": "1000.000000" }
      }
    }
    ```
  </Step>
</Steps>

**What can go wrong**

* The deposit is reversed or returned before it is credited → `transaction.failed` with `failureCode: RETURNED_BY_SENDER`. See [RETURNED\_BY\_SENDER](/errors/returned-by-sender).
* A compliance review parks or holds the deposit → `transaction.failed` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_HOLD`. See [COMPLIANCE\_HOLD](/errors/compliance-hold).

## Step 4 — Clear an unregistered sender (required, or the deposit never credits)

**This step is mandatory whenever it applies.** A deposit from an address Conduit has not seen before does **not** settle on its own. It **parks**: the amount sits in `pending`, is **not** credited to the wallet, and **cannot be spent** until you submit the sender's details. Miss the deadline and the deposit fails for good — the funds are never usable. This is how Conduit satisfies the **Travel Rule**, the regulatory requirement to exchange originator and beneficiary information on a transfer.

If the sender's address is already registered, this step does not happen — the deposit goes straight from Step 3 to settlement (Step 5).

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: deposit parked, awaiting sender information">
    Instead of settling, the deposit holds in `pending` and Conduit fires `transaction.awaiting_sender_information`. Nothing is credited while it is parked. The fields you act on are the `sourceAddress` you must register, the `assetAmount`, the `deadlineAt`, and the `daysRemaining` countdown — a **30-day** window in live. The example below is abbreviated to those; see [Webhooks](/webhooks) for the complete payload.

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "sourceAddress": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b8d4c9c2c7a3b3d7e1",
      "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ethereum", "amount": "1000.000000" },
      "deadlineAt": "2026-02-14T09:30:00.000Z",
      "daysRemaining": 30
    }
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: submit the sender's details before the deadline">
    Submitting the originator information for the source address is the **only** way to release a parked deposit. There is no other call, and the funds stay locked in `pending` until you do.

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/transactions/{transactionId}/sender-information \
      -X POST \
      -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
      -H "content-type: application/json" \
      -d '{
        "originator": { ... },
        "register": true
      }'
    ```

    Pass `register: true` to also save the address so future deposits from it clear on their own; leave it out (or `false`) to clear only this deposit. See [Registered Addresses](/concepts/registered-addresses) for the full `originator` shape — it covers both individual and business senders. You can submit only once per deposit: a second submission for the same deposit returns `409`.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Outcome: the deposit resumes — or times out">
    Once your submission is accepted, the deposit leaves the parked state and continues to settlement (Step 5), exactly as a registered-sender deposit would. If the 30-day window elapses with no submission, the deposit is terminated: `transaction.failed` with `failureCode: SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT`, and the funds are never credited. See [SENDER\_INFO\_TIMEOUT](/errors/sender-info-timeout).
  </Step>
</Steps>

<Warning>
  **A parked deposit is not usable.** The amount stays in `pending` and never moves to `available` until you submit sender information for the source address. There is no way to spend, convert, or withdraw it first, and once the 30-day deadline passes the deposit fails permanently. Treat `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` as a required action, not a notification.
</Warning>

## Step 5 — The deposit settles and the balance is credited

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: completed">
    Once the deposit clears, it settles. The amount moves out of `pending` and into `available` on the wallet's matching per-asset balance. The deposit transaction is now terminal.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Webhook: transaction.completed">
    `transaction.completed` fires for the deposit. The on-chain settlement reference, `txHash`, lives on the `external_crypto` side of the payload. The public transaction status has moved `pending` → `completed`.
  </Step>
</Steps>

## Step 6 — Read the balance back

<Steps>
  <Step title="State: funds are credited and spendable">
    The deposit lands on the **wallet's** `balances[]`, one entry per asset. Each entry carries three buckets:

    | Bucket      | Meaning                                      |
    | ----------- | -------------------------------------------- |
    | `available` | Spendable now — what a payout can draw on.   |
    | `pending`   | Detected but not yet settled; not spendable. |
    | `frozen`    | Held by a compliance action; not spendable.  |

    On detection (Step 3) the amount sits in `pending`. On settlement (Step 5) it moves to `available`. A rejected or held deposit moves to `frozen`.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Advance: read the wallet">
    Read the wallet and confirm `available` reflects the deposit before you spend it.

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl https://api.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId} \
      -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
    ```

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "id": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "address": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b844bc9e7595f2bd18",
      "balances": [
        { "code": "USDC", "available": "1000.000000", "pending": "0", "frozen": "0" }
      ]
    }
    ```
  </Step>
</Steps>

<Note>
  Spend against `available` only. The balance lands on the wallet, never on a Virtual Account — Virtual Accounts hold fiat. To send the received crypto back out, follow the [Non-Custodial Payout Lifecycle](/guides/non-custodial-payout-lifecycle), or initiate a custodial payout the same way.
</Note>

## Terminal state

An inbound deposit stops at one of two terminal states.

| Terminal status | Webhook                 | Meaning                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| --------------- | ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `completed`     | `transaction.completed` | Funds settled and the amount is in `available`. The on-chain `txHash` is on the `external_crypto` side. The journey is done.                                                                               |
| `failed`        | `transaction.failed`    | The deposit could not be credited. Branch on `failureCode` — `RETURNED_BY_SENDER`, `COMPLIANCE_HOLD`, or `SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT`. When `failureCode` is absent the cause isn't actionable — contact support. |

## Where to go next

* [Crypto Wallets](/concepts/crypto-wallets) — the wallet resource, custody models, and key rotation
* [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets) — co-signing outbound transfers
* [Non-Custodial Payout Lifecycle](/guides/non-custodial-payout-lifecycle) — sending received crypto back out
* [Money Movement Lifecycle](/guides/money-movement-lifecycle) — the fiat-funding twin of this story
* [Webhooks](/webhooks) — subscribe to `crypto_wallet.completed` and `transaction.*`


# Getting Started
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/introduction

Learn how to integrate with the Conduit API

## Overview

The Conduit API provides programmatic access to Conduit Financial's platform for customer onboarding, compliance, and payments.

<Note>
  **Building with an AI assistant?** These docs are LLM-readable. Add any page to your chat with the **Copy page / Open in** menu at the top of each page, point a tool at the full corpus at [`/llms-full.txt`](https://conduit-v2.mintlify.app/llms-full.txt), or connect the docs MCP server directly in Claude Code:

  ```sh theme={null}
  claude mcp add --transport http conduit-docs https://conduit-v2.mintlify.app/mcp
  ```
</Note>

## How Conduit Works

Conduit uses an **application-based model**. Instead of creating customers directly, you submit an application with the required information and documents. Conduit reviews the application — and if approved, a customer record is created automatically.

This means your integration follows a submit-and-listen pattern:

1. **Authenticate** — obtain an API key and set it on every request
2. **Check requirements** — call the requirements endpoint to discover what fields and documents are needed for a given country
3. **Upload documents** — upload KYB documents via the documents endpoint
4. **Submit an application** — create an application with the required fields and document references
5. **Listen for webhooks** — Conduit reviews the application and notifies you via webhook when it's approved or rejected
6. **Customer is active** — on approval, a customer record is created and returned in the webhook payload

<Note>
  The review process is automated. You do not need to poll for status — configure a webhook endpoint and Conduit will notify you.
</Note>

<Note>
  **Already running your own KYC program?** If your organization has been enrolled in KYC reliance, you can upload verification reports from your own IDV provider instead of sending each control person through a Conduit-hosted identity flow. See the [KYC reliance guide](/guides/onboard-with-kyc-reliance).
</Note>

## Examples use a consistent fictional org and customer

Every example in this site uses Aurora Robotics Inc. as the business, Aiko Tanaka as the individual, and a small pool of themed wallet and bank values. See [Example data](/sandbox/example-data) for the full palette. When an example illustrates a failure path, the wallet address or account number is replaced with a magic suffix that calls out the effect.

## Base URL

| Environment | URL                                        |
| ----------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Production  | `https://api.conduit.financial/v2`         |
| Sandbox     | `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2` |

Both environments expose the same API with the same authentication mechanism. See [Authentication](/authentication) for details on environments.

## What You'll Need

Before you start integrating:

* **API key** — generated from the Conduit dashboard
* **Webhook endpoint URL** — a publicly accessible HTTPS URL where Conduit will send event notifications
* **KYB documents** — business registration, operating license, and other documents required for the countries you operate in

## Next Steps

* [Authentication](/authentication) — set up your API key and understand environments
* [Webhooks](/webhooks) — configure webhook endpoints to receive real-time notifications
* [API Reference](/api-reference/overview) — conventions, error handling, and endpoint documentation


# Albania
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/albania

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Albania (ALB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | AL / ALB   |
| Registry     | QKB/NBC    |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Albania and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIPT**   | DPT (General Directorate of Taxes) via QKB |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **NIPT**   | DPT (General Directorate of Taxes) via QKB |

*Tax ID:* 10-char format: letter + 8 digits + check letter (e.g. K12345678L). Doubles as VAT number. Issued at registration; appears on Certifikata e Regjistrimit.

*Registration number:* 10-char format: letter + 8 digits + check letter (e.g. K12345678L). Doubles as VAT number. Issued at registration; appears on Certifikata e Regjistrimit.

## Sector regulators

`Bank of Albania` · `AKEP` · `DPT/Tatime`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Shoqëri me Përgjegjësi të Kufizuar    | Sh.p.k.      | Quota-based limited-liability company; minimum capital ALL 100; one or more members managed by appointed administrator(s). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                          |
| Shoqëri Anonime                       | Sh.a.        | Joint-stock company with transferable shares; minimum capital ALL 3,500,000 (private) or ALL 10,000,000 (public offering); requires board of directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                      |
| Shoqëri Kolektive                     | Sh.k.        | General partnership in which all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability for company obligations; no minimum capital required. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                    |
| Shoqëri Komandite                     | Sh.km.       | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at contribution). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                               |
| Person Fizik Tregtar                  | —            | Individual trader (sole entrepreneur) registered at QKB under Law 9901/2008; a single natural person conducting commercial activity with unlimited personal liability and no separate legal entity. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Degë e Shoqërisë së Huaj              | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered at QKB; conducts commercial activity in Albania under the parent company's name and legal personality without forming a separate Albanian entity. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.          |
| Zyrë Përfaqësuese e Shoqërisë së Huaj | —            | Representative office of a foreign company; registered at QKB but limited to promotional and liaison activities with no income-generating commercial operations; no separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.   |
| Shoqëri Kooperative                   | Sh.ko.       | Cooperative society organised on a member-owned, democratic basis under Albanian cooperative law; members share profits and liability according to participation. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certifikata e Regjistrimit                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuti                                                             |
| Tax Registration       | Certifikata NIPT/NUIS                                               |
| Operating Permit       | NLC permit                                                          |
| Ownership Records      | QKB shareholders list                                               |
| Governance Records     | Certifikata e Regjistrimit                                          |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Vendim i Asamblesë · Prokurë noteriale                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Kontratë qiraje · Faturë shërbimesh · Pasqyrë bankare |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                           | Proves                                                                                         |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certifikata e Regjistrimit (QKB)**               | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                         |
| **Statuti**                                        | Constitutive Documents                                                                         |
| **Certifikata NIPT/NUIS (DPT)**                    | Tax Registration                                                                               |
| **NLC permit**                                     | Operating Permit                                                                               |
| **QKB shareholders list**                          | Ownership Records                                                                              |
| **Vendim i Asamblesë (assembly/board resolution)** | Signing Authority                                                                              |
| **Prokurë noteriale (notarised PoA)**              | Signing Authority                                                                              |
| **Kontratë qiraje**                                | Address                                                                                        |
| **Faturë shërbimesh (≤90 ditë)**                   | Address                                                                                        |
| **Pasqyrë bankare (≤90 ditë)**                     | Address                                                                                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                        | Bank of Albania Licence, AFSA Licence (Albanian Financial Supervisory Authority), AKEP licence |

**Not applicable in Albania:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable from qkb.gov.al by NUIS or company name; free public access.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document per Law 9901/2008; notarised for Sh.a.; filed with and retrievable from QKB.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DPT on registration; NUIS is simultaneously the VAT number. Non-profits and farmers register directly with the Regional Tax Directorate.
* **Operating Permit:** Licenses issued via National Licensing Center (NLC) under Law 10081/2009; some categories delegated to Bashki (municipality). Sector-specific activities (banking, telecom, energy) licensed separately by relevant regulator.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Applies to: banking and non-bank financial institutions (Bank of Albania); insurance, securities, pensions (AFSA/AMF); telecom operators (AKEP).
* **Ownership Records:** Shareholders (Ortakë for Sh.p.k., Aksionarë for Sh.a.) are listed in the QKB extract with quota percentages.
* **Governance Records:** Lists administrator(s) (Sh.p.k.) or board of directors members (Sh.a.) with names and appointment dates; update via QKB change-of-data filing.
* **Signing Authority:** Notarisation required for PoAs granting broad signing authority; administrator authority derives from appointment in Statuti and QKB filing.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement (utility/bank dated within 90 days). Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                     |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Administrator (Sh.p.k.)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed managing director; day-to-day operational authority; registered with QKB.                             |
| Bordi i Drejtorëve member (Sh.a.) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive board member of Sh.a.; appointed by shareholders or supervisory board.                                |
| Bordi Mbikëqyrës member (Sh.a.)   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member; oversight/governance role, not operational.                                           |
| Përfaqësuesi Ligjor               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Named legal representative; may be the administrator or an appointed PoA holder authorized to bind the company. |
| Partner Komplementar (Sh.km.)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner with management authority and unlimited liability.                                              |

## Notes

* Single identifier: NUIS = registration number = VAT number. Albania does not issue a separate company registration number (CRN) distinct from the tax ID; the NUIS is used for all purposes. Map both businessInfo.taxId and businessInfo.businessEntityId to the same NUIS value.
* Sh.p.k. minimum capital is nominally ALL 100 (\~€0.90). Do not rely on share capital as a proxy for financial substance; request financial statements or bank reference separately for risk-scoring purposes.


# Algeria
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/algeria

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Algeria (DZA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                          |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                         |
| ISO 3166-1   | DZ / DZA                                       |
| Registry     | CNRC (Centre National du Registre de Commerce) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Algeria and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name    | Issuer                                         |
| ------------------------------- | ------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF + NIS** | DGI Algeria (NIF) / ONS (NIS)                  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **RC**        | CNRC (Centre National du Registre de Commerce) |

*Tax ID:* Numéro d'Identification Fiscale plus Numéro d'Identification Statistique.

*Registration number:* Commercial registry number issued by CNRC.

## Sector regulators

`Banque d'Algérie` · `COSOB`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                   | SARL         | The standard closely-held limited-liability company for SMEs, typically requiring 2–20 quota-holding partners with a minimum capital of DZD 100,000; partner liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                        |
| Entreprise Unipersonnelle à Responsabilité Limitée | EURL         | Single-member variant of the SARL, allowing one natural or legal person to operate with limited liability and a separate legal personality; capital is determined by the sole partner and is distinct from personal assets. Equivalent to a US Single-Member LLC.                                                      |
| Société Par Actions                                | SPA          | Joint-stock company requiring at least 7 shareholders; shares are freely transferable and the company may access public capital markets. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                    |
| Société en Nom Collectif                           | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear joint, personal, and unlimited liability for company debts; no minimum capital required. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                      |
| Société en Commandite Simple                       | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited personal liability and one or more limited (commanditaire) partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                                   |
| Société en Commandite par Actions                  | SCA          | Hybrid limited partnership whose limited-partner interests are represented by freely transferable shares, with at least one general partner who retains unlimited personal liability; minimum capital of DZD 1,000,000 (or 5,000,000 if making a public call for savings). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.     |
| Entreprise Individuelle                            | EI           | Sole trader registered with the CNRC; the owner is personally and unlimitedly liable for all business debts with no separate legal entity created and no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                          |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                    | GIE          | Economic interest grouping in which two or more legal entities pool resources to facilitate or develop their respective activities for a fixed term; members retain unlimited joint liability and the GIE may operate without capital. Closest US equivalent: a contractual joint venture or statutory Business Trust. |
| Succursale / Bureau de Liaison                     | —            | Branch office or representative office of a foreign company registered with the CNRC; has no separate legal personality and the foreign parent bears full liability. Equivalent to a US Branch or Representative Office.                                                                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait du Registre de Commerce                                       |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Carte NIF + Carte NIS                                 |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Carte d'Artisan · Autorisation d'Exercice               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés                         |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Statuts + PV de nomination                            |
| Signing Authority      | PV du Conseil                                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |
| Good Standing          | Attestation de Non-Faillite                                           |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                     | Proves                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait du Registre de Commerce (CNRC)**                   | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Statuts**                                                  | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Carte NIF**                                                | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Carte NIS**                                                | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Carte d'Artisan**                                          | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Autorisation d'Exercice**                                  | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Registre des Associés**                                    | Ownership Records                                             |
| **PV de nomination**                                         | Governance Records                                            |
| **PV du Conseil**                                            | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrat de bail**                                          | Address                                                       |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**                          | Address                                                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**                              | Address                                                       |
| **Attestation de Non-Faillite (Certificat de Non-Faillite)** | Good Standing                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                  | Banque d'Algérie, COSOB                                       |

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease (no time-bound recency requirement) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the registry of the competent commercial court (Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce) after verification — distinct from the CNRC Extrait du Registre de Commerce. Required for public tenders and similar good-standing checks; expect issuance within 3 months for tender use. Banks typically accept a CNRC Extrait issued within 3 months in place of the attestation for KYB purposes.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                          |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant                      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages SARL/EURL.                                                                                                   |
| Président-Directeur Général | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | CEO/Chair in SPA.                                                                                                    |
| Administrateur              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member in SPA.                                                                                                 |
| Directeur Général           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Operational CEO of SPA with day-to-day executive authority; distinct from the Président du Conseil d'Administration. |

## Notes

* NIS is a statistical identification number issued by ONS, separate from social security; employer registration is via CNAS/CASNOS.


# American Samoa
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/american-samoa

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in American Samoa (ASM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                           |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | AS / ASM                                                                                        |
| Registry     | [American Samoa Department of Commerce (ASDOC) — Business Registration](https://www.doc.as.gov) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in American Samoa and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                              | Issuer                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Employer Identification Number (EIN)**                | Internal Revenue Service (IRS) / American Samoa Department of Treasury — Tax Division         |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Corporation / LLC / Partnership Registration Number** | American Samoa Department of Commerce (ASDOC) — Business Registration / Territorial Registrar |

*Tax ID:* American Samoa has its own territorial income tax system under ASCA Title 11, Chapter 4 (modeled on the US Internal Revenue Code as it stood on 31 December 2000). Businesses use a federal Employer Identification Number (EIN) obtained from the IRS via Form SS-4 (online, fax, or mail). The same EIN is registered with the American Samoa Department of Treasury — Tax Division (the 'ASTO') for territorial income tax, payroll tax withholding, and local tax compliance purposes. American Samoa does not issue a separate local TIN; the EIN serves as the primary business tax identifier for all territorial and federal filing purposes. There is no VAT or general sales tax — revenue relies on income tax, excise duties, and gross receipts licensing fees. EIN format: XX-XXXXXXX (nine digits, hyphen after digit 2).

*Registration number:* Assigned upon the filing and Governor-approval of articles of incorporation (for corporations under ASCA Title 30, Chapter 1) or upon filing of a certificate of organization (for LLCs under the American Samoa LLC Act, A.S.C.A. 30.0601 et seq.) or a certificate of limited partnership (for LPs). Articles of incorporation flow through the Attorney General and Treasurer to the Governor for approval, then are recorded by the Territorial Registrar; the Treasurer then issues the certificate of incorporation. The ASDOC manages business-entity records and business licensing; no public online search is available. Registration numbers are assigned sequentially with no fixed published format.

## Sector regulators

`Office of Financial Institutions (OFI), American Samoa Department of Treasury` · `American Samoa Department of Commerce (ASDOC)` · `American Samoa Department of Treasury — Tax Division (ASTO)` · `FinCEN (federal AML/BSA oversight)` · `Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)` · `Internal Revenue Service (IRS)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Domestic For-Profit Corporation                | Corp. / Inc. | Formed under ASCA Title 30, Chapter 1 (General Corporation Law) by three or more persons of full age. Articles of incorporation must be adopted, signed, and acknowledged; they are reviewed by the Attorney General and Treasurer, approved by the Governor, recorded by the Territorial Registrar, and then a certificate of incorporation is issued by the Treasurer. No statutory minimum capital requirement. Governed by a board of directors (number fixed in articles or bylaws) with required officers (president, secretary, treasurer). Must maintain a stock book listing all stockholders and their interests. Annual reports are required; failure to file results in penalties. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Eleemosynary (Nonprofit) Corporation           | —            | Formed under ASCA Title 30, Chapter 2 (Eleemosynary Corporations) by three or more persons of full age. Articles of incorporation are filed in the same manner as for-profit corporations (Governor approval required; Territorial Registrar recordation). No shares or dividend distributions permitted; upon dissolution, remaining assets after payment of obligations are divided among members per articles provisions. Used for charitable, civic, cultural, and mutual-benefit purposes. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Cooperative Corporation                        | —            | Formed under ASCA Title 30, Chapter 5 (Cooperative Corporations) for the purpose of providing services at cost to members on a basis of equality of control; earnings are distributed proportionately among member-patrons. Registered with the ASDOC in the same manner as other corporations. Used primarily in agriculture, fisheries, consumer services, and credit sectors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Limited Liability Company                      | LLC          | Formed under the American Samoa Limited Liability Company Act (ASCA Title 30, Chapter 6; A.S.C.A. 30.0601 et seq.), signed into law in 2013. One or more organizers file a certificate of organization with the Treasurer (filing fees $150–$200 depending on annual-report waiver option; amendments $50; annual report fee $50). The LLC name must contain 'limited liability company', 'limited company', 'LLC', or 'L.C.' Members enjoy limited liability; member-managed or manager-managed structure available. Operating agreement is recommended but not required to be filed publicly. Must also comply with ASCA 27.0201 et seq. (business licensing). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                      |
| General Partnership                            | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together as co-owners for profit under ASCA Title 30 partnership provisions. Every general partner carries management authority and bears joint and several unlimited personal liability for the partnership's debts and torts. No formal registration filing required, though registration with the ASDOC is recommended; all partnerships must obtain a business license under ASCA 27.0201 et seq. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Limited Partnership                            | LP           | Requires at least one general partner (with unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Must file a Certificate of Limited Partnership with the ASG registering authority (ASDOC / Territorial Registrar). The general partner manages the enterprise; limited partners are passive investors. Governed by the partnership provisions of ASCA Title 30. Must obtain a business license under ASCA 27.0201 et seq. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Sole Proprietorship                            | —            | A single individual operating a business on their own account; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability. No formal entity registration is required, but every sole proprietor must obtain a business license from the ASDOC under ASCA 27.0201 et seq. before commencing business; licenses expire 31 December annually and must be renewed by 31 January. Obtain an EIN from the IRS if hiring employees or if required by federal tax rules. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Foreign Corporation (Permitted to do Business) | —            | A corporation organized outside American Samoa that obtains a permit to transact business within the territory under ASCA Title 30, Chapter 3 (Foreign Corporations; A.S.C.A. 30.0301–30.0314). The foreign corporation must apply for and obtain a permit before conducting any business; it must designate a registered agent, maintain a place of business in American Samoa, pay required permit fees, and submit to inspection and investigation by the Governor. The foreign parent remains fully liable. Must also obtain a business license under ASCA 27.0201 et seq. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation qualified to do business.                                                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                                       |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Organization · Certificate of Limited Partnership *(optional: Foreign Corporation Permit)* |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Corporate By-laws *(optional: Operating Agreement)*                                                          |
| Tax Registration       | EIN Confirmation Letter *(optional: Tax Exemption Certificate)*                                                                                        |
| Operating Permit       | Business License                                                                                                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | Stock Book                                                                                                                                             |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors and Officers · Annual Report (Director Extract)                                                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                                     |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                                                                          |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                           |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                              | Proves                                                                                 |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                      | Legal Registration                                                                     |
| **Certificate of Organization (LLC)**                 | Legal Registration                                                                     |
| **Certificate of Limited Partnership**                | Legal Registration                                                                     |
| **Permit to Transact Business (Foreign Corporation)** | Legal Registration                                                                     |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                 |
| **Corporate By-laws**                                 | Constitutive Documents                                                                 |
| **LLC Operating Agreement**                           | Constitutive Documents                                                                 |
| **IRS EIN Confirmation Letter (CP 575 / 147C)**       | Tax Registration                                                                       |
| **Industrial Incentives Tax Exemption Certificate**   | Tax Registration                                                                       |
| **American Samoa Business License**                   | Operating Permit                                                                       |
| **Stock Book / Register of Shareholders**             | Ownership Records                                                                      |
| **Register of Directors and Officers**                | Governance Records                                                                     |
| **Annual Report — Director and Officer Listing**      | Governance Records                                                                     |
| **Board Resolution**                                  | Signing Authority                                                                      |
| **Power of Attorney**                                 | Signing Authority                                                                      |
| **Utility Bill (not older than 90 days)**             | Address                                                                                |
| **Bank Statement (not older than 90 days)**           | Address                                                                                |
| **Lease Agreement**                                   | Address                                                                                |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                      | Good Standing                                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                           | OFI Banking / Commercial Bank Licence, OFI Money Services Business (MSB) Certification |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** For corporations: Certificate of Incorporation issued by the Treasurer of American Samoa after Governor approval and Territorial Registrar recordation under ASCA 30.0112–30.0113. For LLCs: certificate of organization becomes effective when filed with the Treasurer under ASCA 30.0622. For limited partnerships: Certificate of Limited Partnership filed with the ASG registrar. For foreign corporations: Permit to transact business issued under ASCA 30.0304–30.0306. The ASDOC maintains business entity records; the commercial register is not publicly searchable online — searches require a written request to the ASDOC with full company name and registration number, and results are provided within 7–14 business days for a fee.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For corporations: Articles of Incorporation under ASCA 30.0113–30.0115 must state the corporation name, principal office location, business objects, number and names of initial directors, timing of annual meetings, manner of amendment, and authorized share capital. By-laws are adopted at the organizational meeting. For LLCs: the constitutive filing is the Certificate of Organization; an Operating Agreement (ASCA 30.0601 et seq.) governing capital contributions, profit allocation, and management is strongly recommended though not required to be publicly filed. For partnerships: a Partnership Agreement governs internal arrangements.
* **Tax Registration:** American Samoa operates its own territorial income tax system under ASCA Title 11, Chapter 4 (modeled on the US IRC as of 31 December 2000). Businesses obtain a federal EIN from the IRS (Form SS-4) and register that EIN with the American Samoa Department of Treasury — Tax Division for local income tax withholding, payroll taxes (ASSS contributions), and excise compliance. The IRS issues an EIN confirmation letter (CP 575 or 147C) as the primary tax identification evidence. The ASTO does not issue a standardized separate tax registration certificate; the EIN letter combined with local tax account registration serves as evidence. Qualifying industrial enterprises may receive a Tax Exemption Certificate from the Governor under ASCA 11.1601 (Industrial Incentives Act; maximum 10-year exemption from some or all territorial taxes). American Samoa does not operate a VAT or general sales tax.
* **Operating Permit:** Every person, entity, or association wishing to conduct business in American Samoa must obtain a Business License from the ASDOC under ASCA 27.0201 et seq. before commencing operations. Applications are reviewed by the Territorial Planning Commission (under ASCA 5.0220) for zoning, traffic, environmental, and cultural impact. Prerequisites may include: articles of incorporation / certificate of organization (for entities), zoning board approvals, building plans, and proof of compliance with sector-specific regulations. Licenses expire 31 December annually; renewal window is October 1 – December 31; late renewal after January 1 incurs a fee; failure to renew by January 31 suspends business operations. Renewal fee: $150; initial filing fee: $37.50.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Financial services are regulated by the Office of Financial Institutions (OFI), established in 2015 under the ASG Department of Treasury, pursuant to ASCA Title 28 (Finance and Financial Institutions). Key licences issued by OFI: (1) Banking/commercial bank licence under ASCA Title 28, Chapter 10 — requires FDIC membership and Governor/Economic Development Commission approval; the Territorial Bank of American Samoa (TBAS), chartered 2016, is the territory's sole locally chartered bank; (2) Money Services Business (MSB) certification — required for money transmitters and currency exchangers operating in the territory; registration fee $100 plus $1,000 per location; \$10,000 security deposit per licence for transmission operators; OFI holds cease-and-desist authority under ASCA 28.1205; (3) Savings and loan licence under ASCA Title 28, Chapter 11. Insurance and securities regulation follows federal frameworks. Federal regulators (FDIC, FinCEN/BSA) also apply directly.
* **Governance Records:** Under ASCA Title 30, Chapter 1, every corporation must maintain at its principal office a list of current directors and officers (the number of directors is fixed in the articles or bylaws; directors are elected by stockholders under ASCA 30.0141). Corporations must file annual reports; the annual report includes directors and officer information. Annual reports are filed with the ASDOC and are subject to penalty if not filed. LLCs do not publicly disclose member identities; manager details appear in annual filings where applicable.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form under the American Samoa Code Annotated. A board resolution on company letterhead signed by a majority of directors and certified by the corporate secretary is the standard instrument authorizing a named signatory. For LLCs, the equivalent is a Manager's Resolution or Member Consent. A notarized Power of Attorney is used for external delegation; notarization by an American Samoa notary public is standard practice.
* **Address:** No statutory form prescribed for KYB address verification. Standard practice follows US territory norms: lease agreement (no fixed time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days of submission. Common utility providers include the American Samoa Power Authority (ASPA) for electricity and water. The document must show the company's registered or principal operating address in American Samoa.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Office of the Secretary of American Samoa (OSAS) by authority of Executive Order 005-25 (signed by Acting Governor Pulumataala Ae Ae Jr., 8 September 2025; amended by Executive Order 006-25, 30 September 2025) for corporations, LLCs, partnerships, nonprofit organizations, and other business entities registered in the territory. Confirms that the entity is validly registered and that annual report obligations and filing fees are current. Prior to the executive orders, good-standing confirmation was obtained through a letter issued by the ASDOC. Certificate requests must be submitted to the Office of the Secretary of American Samoa (osas.as). Note: business entity records (registration extracts) remain with the ASDOC; the good-standing certificate is issued by the separate OSAS office.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer of an American Samoa corporation responsible for governance; number and election procedure fixed in articles or bylaws (ASCA 30.0141). Must be natural persons. Owes fiduciary duties of care and loyalty to the corporation. Disclosed in annual reports filed with the ASDOC. |
| Manager                                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages a manager-managed LLC under the American Samoa LLC Act (ASCA 30.0601 et seq.). In a member-managed LLC, the managing members exercise control. Manager names appear in LLC annual filings.                                                                                                |
| Officer (President / Secretary / Treasurer)     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Executive officers of an American Samoa corporation appointed per the by-laws or board resolution; responsible for day-to-day operations and signing on behalf of the entity. Disclosed in annual reports filed with ASDOC.                                                                       |
| Authorized Signatory / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the company. No separate statutory definition under the ASCA — authority flows from corporate documents and any delegation instrument.                                                               |

## Notes

* American Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the United States and the only US jurisdiction (along with US nationals born there) where people are US nationals but not automatically US citizens at birth. It operates its own territorial income tax system under ASCA Title 11, Chapter 4, modeled on the US IRC as of December 31, 2000, administered by the American Samoa Department of Treasury (ASTO). There is no VAT or general sales tax; revenue relies on territorial income tax, excise duties, and business licensing fees.
* Corporation formation requires Governor approval — a distinctive feature: articles of incorporation flow through the Attorney General → Treasurer → Governor for approval → Territorial Registrar for recordation → Treasurer for certificate issuance (ASCA 30.0112–30.0113). No corporation may do business without prior Governor approval. This is more involved than most US state processes.
* The commercial register of American Samoa is not publicly searchable online. Entity verification requires a paid written request to the ASDOC (full legal name and registration number required); responses take 7–14 business days. Factor this latency into document collection timelines.
* Business licenses are mandatory for all entities (ASCA 27.0201 et seq.) and expire December 31 annually. Failure to renew by January 31 suspends business operations. The Business License is a prerequisite for — and separate from — any sector-specific regulatory licence.
* The Office of Financial Institutions (OFI), established 2015 under ASG Treasury, is the territory's primary financial services regulator. It charters and supervises the Territorial Bank of American Samoa (TBAS, the sole locally chartered bank) and certifies all Money Services Businesses (MSBs). MSB certification requires $100 registration fee, $1,000/location renewal, and a \$10,000 security deposit for money-transmitting operators. OFI is not part of NMLS.
* Tax Exemption Certificates under the Industrial Incentives Act (ASCA 11.1601) may exempt qualifying new or expanding industrial enterprises from some or all territorial taxes for up to 10 years upon Governor approval. Conduit may encounter these for manufacturing, fisheries processing, and qualifying investment enterprises; the exemption certificate should be collected where available.
* The American Samoa LLC Act (ASCA 30.0601) was signed into law in 2013. LLC formation is more straightforward than corporation formation (no Governor approval required for the certificate of organization; filed with the Treasurer). LLC formation filings are processed through the ASG Treasury, not through the ASDOC's business licensing portal.
* Land ownership is highly restricted in American Samoa: communal (matai) land may not be alienated and foreigners may not own land. Foreign Investment Act rules (ASCA Title 27, Chapter 26) may impose restrictions on foreign-owned business activities. Most financial services operating in the territory rely on correspondent relationships given the limited local banking infrastructure.


# Andorra
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/andorra

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Andorra (AND) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Europe                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ISO 3166-1   | AD / AND                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Registry     | [Registre de Societats Mercantils (Government of Andorra — Ministeri de Presidència, Economia, Treball i Habitatge)](https://www.govern.ad/ca/tematiques/empresa-i-emprenedoria/creacio-i-modificacio-d-empreses/punt-empresa) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Andorra and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                  | Issuer                                                      |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Número de Registre Tributari (NRT)**                      | Departament de Tributs i de Fronteres (Ministry of Finance) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número d'inscripció al Registre de Societats Mercantils** | Registre de Societats Mercantils (Government of Andorra)    |

*Tax ID:* Andorra's universal tax identification number, issued to every legal entity and individual undertaking taxable activities. Format: \[prefix letter]-\[6 digits]-\[check letter]. Entity-type prefix: A = Societat Anònima; L = Societat de Responsabilitat Limitada; C = Cooperativa; D = Foundation or association; P = Professional partnership; G = Government entity; O = Other non-commercial bodies. The NRT serves as the IGI (Impost General Indirecte / VAT) reference and appears on all tax declarations, customs documents, and commercial invoices. Assigned by the Departament de Tributs i de Fronteres upon entity registration.

*Registration number:* Sequential registration number assigned by the Registre de Societats Mercantils upon inscription of the public deed, under the framework of Llei 20/2007, del 18 d'octubre, de societats anònimes i de responsabilitat limitada (consolidated by Decret Legislatiu del 5-12-2018). Company acquires legal personality on the date of inscription. The number appears on the company registration card (targeta de societat) issued by the Government's procedures service.

## Sector regulators

`AFA (Autoritat Financera Andorrana)` · `UIFAND (Unitat d'Intel·ligència Financera Andorrana)` · `Departament de Tributs i de Fronteres`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Societat de Responsabilitat Limitada | SL           | Private limited-liability company governed by Llei 20/2007 (consolidated text 2018); minimum share capital €3,000, fully paid at formation; two or more shareholders (participations, not shares); participations are not freely transferable without shareholder consent; administration by sole administrator, joint administrators, solidary administrators, or a board. One director must hold Andorran nationality or 20 years continuous residency. The standard SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Societat Limitada Unipersonal        | SLU          | Single-shareholder variant of the SL under Llei 20/2007; sole shareholder bears limited liability; must append 'Unipersonal' or 'U' to the company name and register unipersonal status within one month or the owner becomes personally and jointly liable for all debts; minimum capital €3,000. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Societat Anònima                     | SA           | Joint-stock company governed by Llei 20/2007 (consolidated text 2018); minimum share capital €60,000; capital divided into freely transferable shares; governance by a board of directors (consell d'administració) or sole administrator; mandatory audit above statutory thresholds; used for banks, insurers, and larger commercial entities. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                             |
| Societat Anònima Unipersonal         | SAU          | Single-shareholder SA under Llei 20/2007; formed where one person holds all shares, or a multi-shareholder SA becomes single-shareholder; must append 'Unipersonal' or 'U'; minimum capital €60,000; subject to all SA governance obligations. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (wholly-owned subsidiary).                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Societat Col·lectiva                 | SC           | General partnership; two or more natural persons carrying on business jointly under a collective name; each partner bears unlimited joint-and-several liability for partnership debts; governed by the historic Andorran Commercial Code and general civil-law rules; registered in the Registre de Societats Mercantils; no minimum capital required. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                     |
| Societat Cooperativa                 | S.COOP       | Cooperative society governed by Llei 5/2015, del 15 de gener, de societats cooperatives d'Andorra; may be a worker cooperative, service cooperative, or consumer cooperative; minimum capital €3,000 (25% paid at formation); variable capital structure; democratic internal governance; where the 2015 law is silent, Llei 20/2007 applies by default. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                                                |
| Empresari Individual                 | —            | Sole trader (self-employed individual / autònom) carrying on commercial activity under their own name; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability; must register with the Registre de Comerç and obtain a comerç (trade) card from the relevant Comú (parish municipality); NRT is an individual NRT (prefix F or E). No minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                       |
| Sucursal de Societat Estrangera      | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificat d'inscripció al Registre de Societats Mercantils + Targeta de societat |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Escriptura de constitució · Estatuts socials                                        |
| Tax Registration       | Certificat d'alta tributària (NRT)                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | Autorització de comerç                                                                            |
| Ownership Records      | Llibre registre de socis                                                                          |
| Governance Records     | Certificat d'inscripció al Registre de Societats Mercantils                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Resolució del consell d'administració · Poder notarial                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contracte de lloguer · Factura de serveis · Extracte bancari                        |
| Good Standing          | Certificat de societat mercantil andorrana                                                        |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                     | Proves                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Company Registration Certificate (Andorra)**               | Legal Registration                                                                                             |
| **Company Registration Card**                                | Legal Registration                                                                                             |
| **Public Deed of Incorporation**                             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                         |
| **Estatuts socials (Bylaws / Articles of Association)**      | Constitutive Documents                                                                                         |
| **NRT Tax Registration Certificate**                         | Tax Registration                                                                                               |
| **Municipal Trading Authorisation (Autorització de comerç)** | Operating Permit                                                                                               |
| **Register of Shareholders / Members**                       | Ownership Records                                                                                              |
| **Company Registration Certificate (includes directors)**    | Governance Records                                                                                             |
| **Board / Administrator Resolution**                         | Signing Authority                                                                                              |
| **Notarized Power of Attorney**                              | Signing Authority                                                                                              |
| **Lease Agreement**                                          | Address                                                                                                        |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                              | Address                                                                                                        |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                            | Address                                                                                                        |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (Andorra)**                   | Good Standing                                                                                                  |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                  | AFA Banking Licence, AFA Payment Institution Licence, AFA Insurance Authorisation, AFA Investment Firm Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Upon inscription of the public notarial deed in the Registre de Societats Mercantils, the Government issues a company registration card (targeta de societat) and a certificat d'inscripció. The company acquires legal personality at inscription. The certificate can also be obtained as a Certificat de societat mercantil andorrana via the e-tramits.ad portal (fee: €17.15; processing time: \~10 minutes online or 3–5 days for extracts requested via agent). Registry is not fully public: only credentialed lawyers, economists, and authorized professionals may search it directly. Governed by Llei 20/2007 and Reglament del Registre de Societats Mercantils (20 February 2008).
* **Constitutive Documents:** Company must be formed by public deed (escriptura pública) before an Andorran notary public; the deed contains the estatuts socials (bylaws / articles) setting out the company name, registered address, objects, share capital, and governance rules. Drafted in Catalan. The notary forwards the deed to the Registre de Societats Mercantils directly. Request the latest consolidated version including any amendments. For Llei 20/2007 companies, prior governmental authorization (autorizació governamental) is required before executing the deed.
* **Tax Registration:** The Departament de Tributs i de Fronteres assigns an NRT upon company registration. Companies conducting taxable commercial activity are automatically registered for IGI (Impost General Indirecte — Andorra's indirect tax, 4.5% standard rate). The NRT confirmation letter or tax registration certificate is the primary tax identifier document. The IS (Impost de Societats) at 10% applies to all resident and non-resident entities on Andorran-source profits; there is no threshold below which a trading entity is exempt from IS. Since 1 January 2024 (Llei 5/2023), a 3% minimum effective rate applies to all profitable companies — deductions and credits cannot reduce the liability below 3% of taxable profit. NRT format: \[letter]-\[6 digits]-\[check letter]; prefix A for SA, L for SL.
* **Operating Permit:** Before commencing commercial activity, a company must obtain municipal authorization (autorització / llicència d'obertura) from the Comú (parish municipality) where business premises are located. The Comú inspects premises for compliance with land-use, fire safety, and sectoral requirements. Average processing time: 8–12 weeks. Separate from the national company registry process. Some activities (e.g., regulated financial services) require additional authorizations from AFA instead of or in addition to the municipal licence.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Autoritat Financera Andorrana (AFA; formerly INAF until 2018) is the sole prudential supervisor for all financial services in Andorra, including banking entities, investment firms, collective investment scheme managers, payment institutions, electronic money institutions, insurance and reinsurance companies, insurance intermediaries, digital asset custodians (veedors), and crowdfunding platforms. AFA authorization is required before commencing regulated activity. Governing legislation includes the general financial system law and sector-specific acts. AFA's website: [www.afa.ad](http://www.afa.ad).
* **Governance Records:** The Registre de Societats Mercantils records the identity of all administrators (directors) at the time of incorporation and on each subsequent change; appointments must be inscribed within 30 days of acceptance. The certificat d'inscripció extract includes current directors/administrators. For SLs and SAs, at least one administrator must hold Andorran nationality or have 20 years continuous residency. Administration may take the form of sole administrator, joint administrators, solidary administrators, or a board (consell d'administració). Governed by Llei 20/2007 and the Reglament del Registre de Societats Mercantils. The same physical document (certificat d'inscripció) satisfies both this slot and business\_registration.
* **Signing Authority:** A board or administrator resolution authorizing the signatory to act on behalf of the company; no statutory form required — company letterhead resolution is standard practice. For international use, Andorra is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (ratified 2012-12-31, effective 2013-03-31); apostilles are issued by the Batllia d'Andorra (courts). Notarized powers of attorney (poders notarials) are also common.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank documents dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. Andorra has no standard national utility provider; bills may come from FEDA (electricity) or Andorra Telecom. Documents may be in Catalan, Spanish, or French.
* **Good Standing:** The Registre de Societats Mercantils issues a Certificat de societat mercantil andorrana confirming active registration status, available via the e-tramits.ad portal (fee: €17.15 standard; €24.66 for duplicate targeta / registration certificate; processing \~10 minutes online). The certificate confirms company name, registration number, current status (active, in liquidation, or dissolved), and current legal representatives. Andorra is not a subsumed-by-extract jurisdiction; a dedicated status certificate exists and is distinct from the inscripció extract.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Administrador Únic / Administradors Solidaris / Administradors Mancomunats | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole administrator or co-administrators of an SL or SA; appointed by general meeting (junta general); appointment must be inscribed in the Registre de Societats Mercantils within 30 days. At least one must hold Andorran nationality or 20 years continuous residency. Bears fiduciary duties of an 'ordered entrepreneur' under Llei 20/2007. |
| Consell d'Administració (members)                                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board of directors (minimum two members) governing an SA or SL with board structure; each member appointed by junta general and inscribed in the registry; collectively governs the company.                                                                                                                                                      |
| Representant legal / Apoderat                                              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural or legal person authorized to act on behalf of the company via board resolution or notarized power of attorney; may be a law firm, professional advisor, or employee.                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Representant de sucursal                                                   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Permanent representative of a foreign branch (sucursal estrangera) in Andorra; must have sufficient management autonomy to bind the branch; registered in the Registre de Societats Mercantils.                                                                                                                                                   |

## Notes

* Non-resident foreign persons or entities acquiring more than 10% of the share capital of an Andorran company require prior governmental authorization under Llei 10/2012, del 21 de juny, d'inversió estrangera al Principat d'Andorra. This applies at incorporation and to all subsequent transfers. Budget 3–6 weeks for the foreign investment authorization process.
* The Registre de Societats Mercantils is not publicly searchable online. Extracts and certificates can be requested via the e-tramits.ad portal with a digital certificate (NIA required) or through an authorized Andorran lawyer or economist acting as agent (3–5 business days; fees from €17.15).
* Andorra signed the OECD Common Reporting Standard (CRS/AEOI) and exchanges tax information automatically. The country has no banking secrecy for CRS purposes.
* The official language for company documents is Catalan. In practice, supporting documents and professional communications may also appear in Spanish or French. Request Catalan originals for OCR matching; Spanish or French equivalents may be accepted but should be flagged for review.
* As of 2026, Andorra is in EU Association Agreement negotiations (Acord d'associació AD-EU); this may eventually align certain corporate and AML requirements with EU standards, but no EU company law directives are currently in force.
* A 2026 Andorran law approved the removal of approximately 2,500 inactive companies from the Registre de Societats Mercantils (reported May 2026). Verify active status via certificat de societat mercantil before relying on older registry extracts.
* Andorra's Apostille Convention accession (effective 2013-03-31) means notarized company documents can be apostilled for international use by the Batllia d'Andorra (courts).


# Angola
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/angola

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Angola (AGO) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                         |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | AO / AGO                                                                                      |
| Registry     | GUE (Guiché Único da Empresa) — Conservatória do Registo de Entidades Legais (DSE / MINJUSDH) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Angola and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**                 | AGT (Administração Geral Tributária)       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número de Matrícula** | INARE / Conservatória do Registo Comercial |

*Tax ID:* Número de Identificação Fiscal issued by AGT.

*Registration number:* Commercial registry number issued by the Conservatória or INARE.

## Sector regulators

`BNA` · `ARSEG` · `CMC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation   | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| --------------------------------- | -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedade por Quotas              | Lda            | Quota-based limited-liability company; the default SME vehicle in Angola, requiring at least two members (or one for the unipessoal variant). Liability limited to subscribed capital. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                 |
| Sociedade Unipessoal por Quotas   | Unipessoal Lda | Single-member quota company with separate legal personality and limited liability; governed by Lei das Sociedades Unipessoais. Closest US equivalent: SMLLC.                                                                       |
| Sociedade Anónima                 | SA             | Share-capital company with separate legal personality and freely transferable shares; used for larger enterprises and capital-market listings. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                      |
| Sociedade em Nome Colectivo       | SNC            | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective firm name and bear joint, unlimited personal liability for partnership debts. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                       |
| Sociedade em Comandita Simples    | SCS            | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and at least one limited partner (liability capped at capital contribution); no share certificates issued. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership. |
| Sociedade em Comandita por Acções | SCA            | Hybrid limited partnership where limited partners hold transferable shares while general partners retain unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                                                          |
| Comerciante em Nome Individual    | —              | Individual sole trader registered with the commercial registry; no separate legal entity — the trader's personal patrimony bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                       |
| Cooperativa                       | —              | Member-owned cooperative society constituted by at least 10 members under Lei n.º 23/15 (Lei das Cooperativas); registered at the commercial registry via the GUE. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                             |
| Sucursal                          | —              | Branch of a foreign company registered in Angola; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent retains full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch Office.                                                                   |
| Escritório de Representação       | —              | Representative office of a foreign entity permitted for liaison and promotional activities only; no commercial transactions allowed and no separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: Rep Office.                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certidão Comercial                                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Estatutos Sociais                            |
| Tax Registration       | Cartão NIF                                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Alvará Comercial                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Escritura de Constituição · Estatutos Sociais                    |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Escritura de Constituição · Estatutos Sociais · Acta de Nomeação |
| Signing Authority      | Acta da Assembleia                                                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                       | Proves                                                        |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certidão Comercial (Conservatória / INARE)** | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Escritura Pública**                          | Constitutive Documents                                        |
| **Estatutos**                                  | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Cartão NIF**                                 | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Alvará Comercial**                           | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Escritura**                                  | Ownership Records, Governance Records                         |
| **Acta de Nomeação**                           | Governance Records                                            |
| **Acta da Assembleia**                         | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrato de Arrendamento**                   | Address                                                       |
| **Recibo de Serviços (≤90 dias)**              | Address                                                       |
| **Extrato Bancário (≤90 dias)**                | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                    | BNA, ARSEG, CMC — Comissão do Mercado de Capitais             |

**Not applicable in Angola:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** Either the Escritura de Constituição or the Estatutos Sociais satisfies the ownership proof for initial formation.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role             | Canonical API role     | Description                            |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Gerente                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages the Lda. Legal representative. |
| Administrador          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member in SA.                    |
| Presidente do Conselho | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the board in SA.                 |


# Anguilla
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/anguilla

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Anguilla (AIA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                  |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                          |
| ISO 3166-1   | AI / AIA                                                                                               |
| Registry     | [Anguilla Commercial Registry (Commercial Registration Electronic System — CRES)](https://cres.gov.ai) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                             |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Anguilla and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                          |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Inland Revenue Department (IRD) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Anguilla Commercial Registry    |

*Tax ID:* 10-digit numeric code automatically generated by IRD upon business registration. First digit indicates taxpayer type: '2' for non-individuals/companies; '1' for individuals. Anguilla levies no corporate income tax; the TIN is the fiscal identifier used for business licence registration, the Goods Tax (9% import goods tax under the Goods Tax Act, 2025), the General Services Tax (13% on services under the General Services Tax Act, 2025), stamp duty, and Customs declarations. Per the IRD October 2022 enforcement directive, TINs are mandatory on all commercial invoices, Customs import/export declarations, and banking transactions. Businesses must register with IRD after obtaining approval from the Commerce Unit in the Ministry of Finance under the Licensing of Businesses Act, 2021 (Act 24).

*Registration number:* —

## Sector regulators

`Anguilla Financial Services Commission (AFSC)` · `Inland Revenue Department (IRD)` · `Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Business Company                  | BC           | The primary offshore corporate vehicle in Anguilla, introduced by the Business Companies Act, 2022 (eff. 1 July 2022), which repealed and replaced the former International Business Companies Act (Cap I.20) and Companies Act (Cap C.65); effectively a modernised successor to the IBC. A BC is a separate legal entity with limited liability for its members; may have one director and one shareholder (natural or legal persons, any nationality, no residency requirement); no minimum share capital requirement; registered office in Anguilla via a licensed registered agent is mandatory. Share register and director register are kept at the registered agent's office but are not publicly accessible. Widely used for cross-border holding, trading, IP, and financing structures. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Companies Act Company (domestic)  | CAC          | Domestic company incorporated under the Companies Act (Cap C.65), now re-classified under the Business Companies Act, 2022; intended for entities carrying on business physically within Anguilla. May be structured as limited by shares, limited by guarantee, or both. Subject to more onerous domestic filing and audit requirements than international BCs. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Limited Liability Company         | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Companies Act (Cap L.65, revised; based on the Wyoming LLC Ordinance); members contribute capital for membership interests rather than shares. May be member-managed or manager-managed. Governed by Articles of Formation (filed with the registry) and an LLC Agreement (private operating agreement, not filed). No minimum capital; registered agent required. No annual reporting requirement but financial records must be maintained at the registered office. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | Formed under the Limited Partnership Act (Cap L.70); one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Registered with the Anguilla Commercial Registry. Commonly used for venture capital, private equity, and fund structures. Subject to economic substance requirements where conducting relevant activities. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; registered with the Anguilla Commercial Registry. No separate limited liability shield; all partners are personally liable for the debts of the partnership. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Anguilla Foundation               | —            | A distinct legal entity with no shareholders or members, established under the Anguilla Foundation Act, 2008; modelled on the Liechtenstein private foundation. Blends corporate and trust features for wealth management and asset protection. Can own assets, enter contracts, and operate indefinitely (no rule against perpetuities). Minimum initial endowment of USD 10,000 required. Governed by a Declaration of Establishment (filed with the registry), a Charter, a Council, and optional beneficiaries and Guardian. A Certificate of Registration is issued by the Registrar; renewed annually. Registered with the Anguilla Commercial Registry. Closest US equivalent: Statutory business trust or private purpose trust.                                                                                          |
| Protected Cell Company            | PCC          | A company with a core and an unlimited number of ring-fenced cells, each holding legally separated assets and liabilities; originally governed by the Protected Cell Companies Act (Cap P.107, 2004). PCC provisions are now incorporated into the Business Companies Act, 2022 framework. The Financial Services Commission must approve the establishment of cells. Primarily used for captive insurance, mutual funds, and asset protection structures. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Trust                             | —            | Governed by the Trusts Act (Cap T.70, enacted 1994, substantially amended 2014); discretionary, fixed, purpose-based, or private trust structures are available. The 2014 amendments abolished the rule against perpetuities for trusts, allowing indefinite duration. Strong creditor protection with a three-year limit on unwinding fraudulent transfers. Must be administered by a licensed trustee regulated by AFSC; not incorporated but registered where a registration requirement applies. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Sole Trader / Sole Proprietorship | —            | A single natural person carrying on business in Anguilla under their own name or a trading name; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability. Must obtain a Business Licence from the Inland Revenue Department under the Licensing of Businesses Act, 2021. Any trading name other than the owner's own name must be registered with the Anguilla Commercial Registry. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Branch of a Foreign Company       | —            | A foreign corporation conducting business in Anguilla through a registered branch; must register with the Anguilla Commercial Registry and appoint a local licensed registered agent. Not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully and unconditionally liable for the branch's obligations. Subject to AFSC oversight where the parent operates in a regulated sector. Closest US equivalent: Foreign corporation branch / representative office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                     |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Foundation Certificate of Registration)*                    |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation *(optional: Memorandum & Articles of Association · Articles of Formation)* |
| Tax Registration       | Business Licence                                                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                                                                     |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                  |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                              | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                      | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Certificate of Registration (Foundation)**                          | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (legacy IBC — pre-July 2022)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Articles of Formation (LLC)**                                       | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Business Licence**                                                  | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Business Licence**                                                  | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Register of Members**                                               | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Register of Directors**                                             | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution**                                                  | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Power of Attorney**                                                 | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                       | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                     | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                   | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                                      | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                           | Anguilla Financial Services Commission Banking and Trust Licence, Anguilla Financial Services Commission Insurance Licence, Anguilla Financial Services Commission Money Services Business Licence, Anguilla Financial Services Commission Company Management Licence, Anguilla Financial Services Commission Mutual Funds Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Anguilla Commercial Registry (CRES) upon incorporation of a Business Company, LLC, or Foundation. For BCs and LLCs, processing is near-instant (same day to 24 hours) via the CRES online portal. The certificate is digitally issued with a system-generated certificate number that confirms authenticity; apostilled copies are available for international use. Governed by the Business Companies Act, 2022 (eff. 1 July 2022). Foundations receive a Certificate of Registration under the Anguilla Foundation Act, 2008.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with the Commercial Registry at incorporation via CRES. For Business Companies (BCs), the constitutive document is the 'Articles of Incorporation'; documents from legacy IBCs (pre-July 2022) may use the 'Memorandum & Articles of Association' format. By-laws (internal governance rules) are not filed with CRES but are maintained at the registered agent's office. LLCs file Articles of Formation plus a private LLC Agreement (operating agreement). Foundations file a Declaration of Establishment and a Charter. Both the Articles and By-laws together constitute the BC's constitutional framework.
* **Tax Registration:** Anguilla has no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or withholding tax. The primary fiscal instrument for domestic operators is the Business Licence issued annually by the Inland Revenue Department (IRD) under the Licensing of Businesses Act, 2021 (Act 24). Effective 1 August 2025, the Goods and Services Tax Act, 2021 was repealed and replaced by two separate statutes: the Goods Tax Act, 2025 (9% import goods tax on imports, replacing the former 13% GST charged at ports) and the General Services Tax Act, 2025 (13% on a broad range of services including tourism, professional, construction, and communications services; mandatory registration for service providers with annual turnover above XCD 300,000; retailers, wholesalers, restaurants, and certain other sectors are exempt). Process: applicant obtains approval from the Commerce Unit in the Ministry of Finance, then registers with IRD and pays annual fees; IRD issues the Business Licence certificate, which must be displayed at the place of business. Licences expire 31 December of the year issued and must be renewed annually. Offshore BCs that conduct no domestic business in Anguilla are generally not required to obtain a domestic Business Licence; annual renewal fees paid to the Anguilla Commercial Registry serve as the administrative compliance mechanism for those entities.
* **Operating Permit:** The Business Licence issued by the IRD under the Licensing of Businesses Act, 2021 serves as both the fiscal registration instrument and the general trading permission for domestic businesses. Any person operating a business in Anguilla must obtain one. Offshore BCs conducting no domestic operations are exempt from the domestic Business Licence requirement; they pay annual registry fees to the Anguilla Commercial Registry instead. This is the same physical document as the tax\_certificate slot artifact; the artifact key is distinct to satisfy the globally-unique key requirement.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Anguilla Financial Services Commission (AFSC, fsc.org.ai) is the integrated regulator for all financial services activities in and from Anguilla. Sector-specific licences include: offshore banking and trust licence under the Trust Companies and Offshore Banking Act (TCOBA); insurance licence under the Insurance Act; money services business licence under the Money Services Business Act, 2009; mutual funds licence under the Mutual Funds Act; company management licence for licensed registered agents and corporate service providers; utility token offering service provider registration; and Non-Profit Organisation registration. All regulated entities must hold a valid AFSC licence before commencing regulated operations. Economic substance requirements apply from January 2019 to BCs, LLCs, and LPs conducting relevant activities (banking, insurance, fund management, financing and leasing, IP, headquarters, shipping, distribution) under the Business Companies (Economic Substance) Regulations.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained at the registered agent's office under the Business Companies Act, 2022. A copy must be filed with the Registrar as part of annual return filings. Anguilla BCs require at least one director (natural person or legal entity, no residency requirement). Changes must be notified to the registry within 14 days of any change taking effect.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form in the Business Companies Act, 2022. A board resolution on company letterhead signed by the director(s) is the standard instrument for authorizing a named signatory. For single-director companies, a written resolution of the sole director suffices. A notarized or apostilled power of attorney is used where authority is delegated externally. Anguilla is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention as a British Overseas Territory.
* **Address:** Offshore BCs are required to maintain a registered office address in Anguilla through a licensed registered agent; the agent's address satisfies the registered-office requirement for offshore BCs. For principal operating address verification, a lease agreement (no time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days is the standard evidence accepted by Anguillian financial institutions and corporate service providers. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Anguilla Commercial Registry (CRES). Confirms the company has met all statutory filing requirements (annual return, economic substance return where applicable) and paid all annual fees, and has not been struck off, dissolved, or is otherwise in default. Available via the CRES system; processing is typically within 1–5 business days with expedite options available. Widely requested by banks, financial institutions, and counterparties for KYC/KYB. Can be apostilled for international use (Anguilla is covered by the UK Apostille Convention as a British Overseas Territory).

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage and direct the company. At least one director required; may be a natural person or a legal entity; no residency requirement. Named in the Register of Directors, maintained at the registered agent's office. Statutory basis: Business Companies Act, 2022. |
| Manager (LLC)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | In a manager-managed LLC, the equivalent of a director; manages the LLC and is named in the LLC Agreement. May be a member or an external person. Governed by the Limited Liability Companies Act (Cap L.65) and the LLC Agreement.                                              |
| Attorney / Agent (POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised via board resolution or notarized/apostilled power of attorney to act on behalf of the entity in specific or general transactions.                                                                                                                             |

## Notes

* Anguilla is a British Overseas Territory; its legal system is English common law supplemented by local statute. The UK Privy Council is the final court of appeal.
* The Business Companies Act, 2022 (eff. 1 July 2022) consolidated the former International Business Companies Act (Cap I.20) and Companies Act (Cap C.65) into a single modern framework. Legacy IBCs incorporated before July 2022 were automatically re-classified as Business Companies (BCs) by operation of law; documents from pre-2022 entities may still reference 'International Business Company', the 'IBC Act', or 'Memorandum & Articles of Association'.
* CRES (Commercial Registration Electronic System) replaced the legacy ACORN (Anguilla's Commercial Online Registration Network) in April 2022; the Commercial Registry is a department of the AFSC. Online 24/7 incorporation is possible; same-day formation is standard for BCs.
* Economic Substance requirements apply from January 2019 to all BCs, LLCs, and LPs conducting 'relevant activities' (banking, insurance, fund management, financing and leasing, IP, headquarters, shipping, distribution and service centre): entities must demonstrate adequate employees, physical assets, and management in Anguilla, and file an annual Economic Substance return. Entities tax-resident in another jurisdiction with a corporate tax rate of at least 10% may qualify for exemption.
* Anguilla has no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, withholding tax, gift tax, or inheritance tax. Revenue is raised via business licence fees, the Goods Tax (9% on imports, Goods Tax Act 2025, eff. 1 August 2025), the General Services Tax (13% on services, General Services Tax Act 2025, eff. 1 August 2025), stamp duty, and customs duties. All entities with domestic operations must obtain a TIN from IRD (first digit '2' for companies).
* Annual Return Declarations must be filed by all companies; the deadline is the last day of the calendar quarter in which the company's incorporation anniversary falls. Non-payment of annual fees triggers 'Pending Strike Off' status in CRES, visible via the public company search at cres.gov.ai.
* Anguilla is covered by the UK's adherence to the Hague Apostille Convention; notarised Anguilla documents can be apostilled for international use through the Governor's Office.


# Antigua and Barbuda
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/antigua-and-barbuda

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Antigua and Barbuda (ATG) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                           |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | AG / ATG                                                                                        |
| Registry     | [Antigua and Barbuda Intellectual Property and Commerce Office (ABIPCO)](https://abipco.gov.ag) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Antigua and Barbuda and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                                 |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Inland Revenue Department (IRD)                                        |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Antigua and Barbuda Intellectual Property and Commerce Office (ABIPCO) |

*Tax ID:* Numeric TIN assigned by the IRD upon registration; at minimum 6 digits, typically 9 digits in practice. Issued to all businesses and individuals required to file tax returns. The same base TIN is used for Income Tax and, when extended with a 2-digit tax-type code by the SIGTAS software, for Antigua and Barbuda Sales Tax (ABST) registration (mandatory when taxable supplies exceed XCD 300,000 per year). Antigua and Barbuda has no VAT — the consumption tax is the ABST at 17% (increased from 15% effective 1 January 2024 under the Revenue (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act No. 13 of 2023). No fixed published format with checksum; no public format confirmation beyond '≥6 numeric digits'.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier assigned by ABIPCO at incorporation under the Companies Act 1995 (No. 18 of 1995) for domestic companies; assigned by the Financial Services Regulatory Commission (FSRC) under the International Business Corporations Act Cap. 222 for IBCs; and by the FSRC under the International Limited Liability Companies Act 2007 for ILLCs. Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation (domestic) or Certificate of Incorporation/Certificate of Organization (IBC/ILLC). No publicly confirmed fixed-length or prefix standard.

## Sector regulators

`Financial Services Regulatory Commission (FSRC)` · `Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB)` · `Inland Revenue Department (IRD)` · `Office of National Drug and Money Laundering Control Policy (ONDCP)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Company Limited by Shares                | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Act 1995 (No. 18 of 1995); share transfer restricted by articles; closely held; intended for domestic business operations with a registered office in Antigua and Barbuda; subject to local corporate income tax at 25% on worldwide income of residents. Requires at least one shareholder and one director. The standard SME and domestic operating vehicle. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Public Company Limited by Shares                 | Plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Act 1995 (No. 18 of 1995); shares may be offered to the public and listed on the Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange (ECSE); subject to enhanced governance and public disclosure obligations at ABIPCO. Subject to local taxes. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| International Business Corporation               | IBC          | Incorporated under the International Business Corporations Act Cap. 222 (originally 1982, consolidated with subsequent amendments including Act No. 10 of 2002); regulated and registered by the Financial Services Regulatory Commission (FSRC); must be incorporated and managed through a licensed registered agent; legally barred from conducting business with Antigua and Barbuda residents or engaging in local commerce; 100% tax-exempt on income, capital gains, and withholding taxes; confidentiality of directors and shareholders maintained — names never appear in public records. Widely used for cross-border holding, trading, and financing. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| International Limited Liability Company          | ILLC         | Formed under the International Limited Liability Companies Act 2007; regulated by the FSRC; an unincorporated entity with full legal personality; members hold membership interests governed by an Operating Agreement; 100% foreign ownership permitted; exempt from income tax, capital gains tax, inheritance and gift tax, stamp duty, and exchange controls under the Act; prohibited from doing business with Antigua and Barbuda residents; confidentiality of members maintained. Combines limited liability with pass-through flexibility. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                      |
| General Partnership                              | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together; no separate legal entity from its partners; partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; must register with ABIPCO under the Companies Act 1995 and/or register any business name other than the partners' own names. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Limited Partnership                              | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; registered with ABIPCO; limited partners may not participate in management. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Sole Proprietorship / Sole Trader                | —            | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; must register any business name other than the owner's own name with ABIPCO under the Registration of Business Names Act; must obtain a TIN from the IRD and a Trade Licence (Business Licence) from the IRD under the Business Licence Act 1994. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Non-Profit Company                               | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act 1995 with Attorney General approval; constitutive documents must state no authorised share capital and no pecuniary gain to members; requires at least three directors; registered with ABIPCO. Used for charitable, civic, and social purposes. Closest US equivalent: 501(c) non-profit corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Co-operative Society                             | —            | Registered under the Co-operative Societies Act 2010 (No. 9 of 2010), replacing the earlier Co-operative Societies Act 1997; members share a common bond of philosophy and socio-economic objectives; governed by elected officers; registered with the FSRC as part of its non-banking financial institution supervision mandate. Closest US equivalent: member-owned cooperative.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| External Company (Branch of Foreign Corporation) | —            | A foreign corporation carrying on business in Antigua and Barbuda registered under the Companies Act 1995 (s.228 and s.340); must register with ABIPCO within 12 months of commencing business; must file certified corporate instruments (Memorandum and Articles of Association, Articles of Incorporation, Charter, or equivalent, together with the Certificate of Incorporation); not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Closest US equivalent: Foreign corporation branch office.                                                                                                                                                                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                      |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Organization · Certificate of Registration |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Memorandum and Articles of Association · Operating Agreement                                |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Registration Certificate *(optional: ABST Registration Certificate)*                                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Trade Licence                                                                                                                         |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                                                   |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                                                                                 |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                                                         |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Certificate of Good Standing                                                             |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                   | Proves                                                                                           |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (Domestic Company)**        | Legal Registration                                                                               |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (IBC)**                     | Legal Registration                                                                               |
| **Certificate of Organization (ILLC)**                     | Legal Registration                                                                               |
| **Certificate of Registration (External Company)**         | Legal Registration                                                                               |
| **Articles of Incorporation (Domestic)**                   | Constitutive Documents                                                                           |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association (IBC)**           | Constitutive Documents                                                                           |
| **Operating Agreement (ILLC)**                             | Constitutive Documents                                                                           |
| **TIN Registration Certificate**                           | Tax Registration                                                                                 |
| **Antigua and Barbuda Sales Tax Registration Certificate** | Tax Registration                                                                                 |
| **Trade Licence (Business Licence)**                       | Operating Permit                                                                                 |
| **Register of Members / Register of Shareholders**         | Ownership Records                                                                                |
| **Register of Directors**                                  | Governance Records                                                                               |
| **Board Resolution**                                       | Signing Authority                                                                                |
| **Power of Attorney**                                      | Signing Authority                                                                                |
| **Utility Bill (not older than 90 days)**                  | Address                                                                                          |
| **Bank Statement (not older than 90 days)**                | Address                                                                                          |
| **Lease Agreement**                                        | Address                                                                                          |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (Domestic Company)**        | Good Standing                                                                                    |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (IBC)**                     | Good Standing                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                | Financial Services Regulatory Commission Licence, Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Banking Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Domestic companies incorporated under the Companies Act 1995 receive a Certificate of Incorporation issued by ABIPCO. IBCs incorporated under the IBC Act Cap. 222 receive a Certificate of Incorporation issued by the FSRC. ILLCs formed under the International Limited Liability Companies Act 2007 receive a Certificate of Organization issued by the FSRC. External companies registered under Companies Act 1995 s.340 receive a Certificate of Registration from ABIPCO. All certificates confirm entity name, registration number, date of incorporation/formation, and governing statute.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Domestic companies under the Companies Act 1995 file Articles of Incorporation (Form 1, s.5) with ABIPCO, accompanied by By-laws governing internal management; a statutory declaration by an Attorney-at-Law is also required. The Articles set out company name, registered office, authorised share capital, and classes of shares. IBCs under the IBC Act Cap. 222 file a Memorandum and Articles of Association with the FSRC; the Memorandum specifies permitted activities and the Articles govern internal management. ILLCs under the ILLCA 2007 file Articles of Organization and an Operating Agreement. All constitutive documents must be kept at the registered office.
* **Tax Registration:** The Inland Revenue Department (IRD) issues a TIN upon completion of the registration process through SIGTAS. Businesses whose annual taxable supplies exceed XCD 300,000 must also register for the Antigua and Barbuda Sales Tax (ABST) at 17% (increased from 15% effective 1 January 2024 under the Revenue (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act No. 13 of 2023) and receive an ABST Registration Certificate. IBCs and ILLCs are fully exempt from all domestic taxation and do not register with the IRD. Domestic companies and sole traders must register with the IRD after incorporation/registration.
* **Operating Permit:** The Business Licence Act 1994 (No. 17 of 1994) requires persons carrying on business in Antigua and Barbuda to hold a Trade Licence (also referred to as Business Licence) issued by the Inland Revenue Department (IRD). The licence must be renewed annually. Applications for renewal must be accompanied by Social Security Board and Medical Benefits Scheme certificates confirming good standing. IBCs and ILLCs that are expressly prohibited from conducting domestic business are exempt from this requirement. Sole traders and domestic companies operating in Antigua and Barbuda must hold a current Trade Licence.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Financial Services Regulatory Commission (FSRC): licences for international banks (International Banking Act), insurance corporations (international), money services businesses (Money Services Business Act 2011, No. 7 of 2011), securities dealers, mutual funds, interactive gaming and wagering corporations, and digital asset/virtual asset service providers. Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB): supervision of domestic banks, credit unions, and other deposit-taking institutions within the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU). ABST registration with IRD applies when annual taxable supplies exceed XCD 300,000.
* **Governance Records:** All companies (domestic and IBC) must maintain a Register of Directors at their registered office. For domestic companies, director information is filed with ABIPCO and must be updated within 15 days of any change. For IBCs, director details are maintained at the registered office of the registered agent and kept confidential — director information does not appear in public search reports. For ILLCs, a Register of Managers is maintained. Annual returns filed with ABIPCO (domestic) confirm the current list of directors.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. A board resolution on company letterhead — signed by the directors and certified by the company secretary — is the standard instrument authorizing a named individual to act on behalf of the company. A notarized Power of Attorney is used where authority is delegated externally. For ILLCs, a Manager's or Member's Resolution in equivalent form is used.
* **Address:** No statutory prescribed form for KYB address verification in Antigua and Barbuda. Standard practice follows regional norms: lease agreement (no time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank statements dated within 90 days of submission. Local utility providers include the Antigua Public Utilities Authority (APUA) for electricity and water. The document must show the company's registered or principal operating address in Antigua and Barbuda.
* **Good Standing:** Two distinct issuers depending on the entity type. For domestic companies under the Companies Act 1995: issued by ABIPCO (Registrar of Companies); confirms the company is validly incorporated, has filed required returns, has paid all fees and penalties, and is not in the process of being struck off or wound up. For IBCs under the IBC Act Cap. 222: issued by the FSRC pursuant to s.332; confirms the IBC was duly incorporated, is recorded in the FSRC register of IBCs, has no strike-off proceedings pending, has paid all fees and penalties under s.283, has not submitted Articles of Amalgamation or Consolidation under s.341, and is in good legal standing as of the date of issuance. The FSRC issues the Certificate of Good Standing only to the licensed registered agent of the company. Commonly apostilled for international use.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with executive authority over a domestic company or IBC; named in the Register of Directors. For domestic companies, director appointments and changes must be filed with ABIPCO within 15 days of change. For IBCs, director names are kept confidential at the registered agent's office. |
| Manager                                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Equivalent of a director in an ILLC; exercises the powers of the ILLC and directs its management under the International Limited Liability Companies Act 2007. May be a member (member-managed) or an appointed non-member (manager-managed).                                                                 |
| Authorized Signatory / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the company; no separate statutory definition — authority flows from the constitutive documents and any delegation instrument.                                                                                   |

## Notes

* Antigua and Barbuda operates a dual-track corporate regime: domestic companies under the Companies Act 1995 (administered by ABIPCO) and international entities (IBCs and ILLCs) under the FSRC. Conduit will primarily encounter IBCs and ILLCs for offshore/cross-border structures, and domestic Ltd. companies for locally operating businesses.
* IBCs incorporated under IBC Act Cap. 222 are regulated by the FSRC, not ABIPCO; their Certificate of Good Standing is issued only to the licensed registered agent. Documents from IBCs will reference the FSRC, not the Registrar of Companies / ABIPCO.
* ILLCs under the International Limited Liability Companies Act 2007 are regulated by the FSRC and receive a Certificate of Organization (not a Certificate of Incorporation); their constitutive document is an Operating Agreement, not Memorandum and Articles.
* The Trade Licence (Business Licence) under the Business Licence Act 1994 is required for all businesses carrying on domestic commerce; renewal applications must include Social Security Board and Medical Benefits Scheme good standing certificates. IBCs and ILLCs are exempt as they are prohibited from domestic commerce.
* Antigua and Barbuda uses the East Caribbean Dollar (XCD) pegged to the USD at XCD 2.70 = USD 1.00, as a member of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU). The ECCB acts as the central bank and supervises domestic banking institutions.
* The FSRC is responsible for regulation of international financial services including IBCs, ILLCs, international banks, insurance, money services businesses, securities, and interactive gaming. The ONDCP serves as the financial intelligence unit (FIU) for AML/CFT purposes.
* Antigua and Barbuda is a CARICOM member state and is subject to FATF/CFATF (Caribbean FATF) mutual evaluation processes. The ABIPCO registration search facility is available online at abipco.gov.ag/searchtheregister but director and shareholder data is restricted for IBCs.


# Argentina
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/argentina

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Argentina (ARG) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                             |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | AR / ARG                                                                                          |
| Registry     | IGJ (Inspección General de Justicia, CABA) / DPPJ or provincial registries + ARCA (formerly AFIP) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Argentina and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                | Issuer                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **CUIT**                  | ARCA (formerly AFIP)                                     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número de Inscripción** | Inspección General de Justicia (CABA) or provincial DPPJ |

*Tax ID:* 11-digit tax identification key (Clave Única de Identificación Tributaria).

*Registration number:* Inscription number from the corporate registry where the entity was incorporated.

## Sector regulators

`BCRA` · `CNV` · `SSN` · `ENACOM` · `UIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                       | S.A.         | Share-capital corporation; 2+ shareholders, board required, majority of directors must be Argentine residents. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                              |
| Sociedad Anónima Unipersonal           | S.A.U.       | Single-shareholder corporation; governed by same rules as S.A. but can be held by one natural or legal person. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                              |
| Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada     | S.A.S.       | Simplified share-capital company (Ley 27.349); single or multiple shareholders, incorporated digitally, shares are freely transferable. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                     |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada   | S.R.L.       | Quota-based limited-liability company; 2–50 partners, managed by one or more gerentes, quotas not freely tradable. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                             |
| Sociedad Colectiva                     | S.C.         | General partnership where all partners bear unlimited, joint and several liability for company obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                    |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple           | S.C.S.       | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more silent partners (liability limited to contributed capital). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.        |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones     | S.C.A.       | Comandita partnership in which limited partners hold transferable shares; general partners retain unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                                         |
| Sociedad de Capital e Industria        | S.C.I.       | Hybrid partnership where one partner class contributes capital (unlimited liability) and another contributes only labor (liability limited to unpaid profits). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership. |
| Persona Humana con Actividad Económica | —            | Individual natural person conducting business under their own name; registered with ARCA as autónomo or monotributista. No separate legal entity. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.              |
| Cooperativa                            | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by Ley 20.337; members have equal voting rights regardless of capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                  |
| Asociación Civil                       | —            | Non-profit civil association formed for social, cultural, or public-interest purpose; registered with IGJ; prohibited from distributing profits. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)). |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera        | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company operating in Argentina (Ley 19.550, Art. 118/123); not a separate legal entity from the parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                         |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Constancia de Inscripción IGJ · Constancia de Inscripción DPPJ             |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Estatuto · Contrato Social                                                 |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Constancia de CUIT + Inscripción Ingresos Brutos                         |
| Operating Permit       | Habilitación Municipal                                                                   |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Estatuto + Libro de Registro de Acciones                                 |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Estatuto + Acta de Designación de Autoridades                            |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Acta de Directorio + Poder Notarial                                      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Locación · Constancia de Domicilio · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |
| Good Standing          | Certificado de Vigencia y Pleno Cumplimiento                                             |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                                 | Proves                                                        |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Constancia de Inscripción IGJ (CABA)**                                                 | Legal Registration                                            |
| **DPPJ (provincial)**                                                                    | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Estatuto**                                                                             | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Contrato Social**                                                                      | Constitutive Documents                                        |
| **Constancia de CUIT (ARCA, formerly AFIP)**                                             | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Inscripción Ingresos Brutos (provincial tax registration — AGIP / ARBA / provincial)** | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Habilitación Municipal**                                                               | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Libro de Registro de Acciones**                                                        | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Acta de Designación de Autoridades**                                                   | Governance Records                                            |
| **Acta de Directorio**                                                                   | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Poder Notarial (notarized POA)**                                                       | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrato de Locación**                                                                 | Address                                                       |
| **Constancia de Domicilio (≤90 días)**                                                   | Address                                                       |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**                                                 | Address                                                       |
| **Certificado de Vigencia y Pleno Cumplimiento (CEVIP) — IGJ / DPPJ**                    | Good Standing                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                              | BCRA, CNV, SSN, ENACOM, UIF                                   |

### Collection notes

* **Tax Registration:** CUIT covers federal taxes. Inscripción Ingresos Brutos is the provincial gross-income tax registration (AGIP in CABA, ARBA in Buenos Aires province, equivalent provincial agencies elsewhere) and is collected where the entity operates — this is a tax registration, not an operating permit.
* **Address:** Lease accepted without time bound. Utility bill or bank statement must be dated within 90 days. Either document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by IGJ (CABA) or the provincial DPPJ via Trámites a Distancia (TAD). Evidences validity, legality and full compliance with registration obligations. CEVIP is valid for six months from issuance; banks and counterparties commonly require it within 30 days. For sociedades anónimas, if the registered board's term has expired the certificate states so expressly.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member in S.A. Majority must be Argentine residents. |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair.                                               |
| Director Suplente   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Backup board member. Common in Argentina.                  |
| Gerente             | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages S.R.L. Can be a partner or external.               |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.                                      |

## Notes

* Majority of S.A. directors must be Argentine residents.
* AFIP was dissolved 2024-10-24 and reconstituted as ARCA; pre-2024 AFIP-branded constancias remain valid.


# Armenia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/armenia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Armenia (ARM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                            |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | AM / ARM                                         |
| Registry     | Agency for State Register of Legal Entities, MoJ |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Armenia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                             | Issuer                                           |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Հ.Վ.Հ.**                                             | State Revenue Committee (SRC)                    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Petakan grancman hamar (State Registration Number)** | Agency for State Register of Legal Entities, MoJ |

*Tax ID:* 8 digits; digit 8 is a check digit; also serves as VAT ID; issued automatically on company registration. Banks' TINs issued by CBA.

*Registration number:* Numeric identifier in the State Unified Register; shown on the State Registration Certificate and e-register.moj.am extract.

## Sector regulators

`CBA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                                                                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sahmanapack pataskhanatvotyamb ynkerotyun (Limited Liability Company)                                         | SPE (ՍՊԸ)    | Most common commercial form; capital divided into participatory quota shares; one or more founders; members' liability capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                      |
| Lracutsich pataskhanatvotyamb ynkerotyun (Supplementary Liability Company)                                    | LPE (ԼՊԸ)    | Quota-based company similar to an LLC but participants bear subsidiary personal liability for company obligations in a multiple of their contribution value. Closest US equivalent: LLC (with personal guaranty).                                                                                 |
| Phak bazhnetirakakan ynkerotyun (Closed Joint-Stock Company)                                                  | PBE (ՓԲԸ)    | Shares issued to a closed circle of shareholders; transfer requires shareholder consent; board mandatory if more than 50 shareholders. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (private).                                                                                                                   |
| Bats bazhnetirakakan ynkerotyun (Open Joint-Stock Company)                                                    | BBE (ԲԲԸ)    | Shares freely transferable and publicly tradable; at least one-third independent board members required; CEO and Board Chair must be separate persons. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (public).                                                                                                    |
| Lriv ynkerotyaktsut'yun (Full/General Partnership)                                                            | —            | Two or more partners who jointly conduct business and bear unlimited joint-and-several personal liability for partnership obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                               |
| Havatagam ynkerotyaktsut'yun (Trust/Limited Partnership)                                                      | —            | Comprises one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited (trust) partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                            |
| Anhat dzernarkatar (Individual Entrepreneur)                                                                  | ԱՁ           | A natural person registered to conduct commercial activity; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business obligations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                              |
| Aratvutyun (Production Cooperative)                                                                           | —            | Member-owned cooperative in which profits are distributed in proportion to each member's contribution; each member holds one vote regardless of contribution size. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                            |
| Artakhin kaz'makerpuyt'yan masynazhiv / akanavor grasenyak (Branch / Representative Office of Foreign Entity) | —            | Territorial division or representative presence of a foreign legal entity registered in Armenia; not a separate legal entity and cannot conduct independent commercial activity (representative office) or acts as an extension of the parent (branch). Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                         |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* State Registration Certificate + e-register.moj.am extract               |
| Constitutive Documents | Charter                                                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                                          |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Participant Register · Share Register                                      |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Charter + Director Appointment Decision                                  |
| Signing Authority      | Notarized Power of Attorney (Liazorагir)                                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Վարձակալության պայմանագիր · Կոմունալ վճարման անդորրագիր · Բանկային քաղվածք |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                    | Proves                                     |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| **State Registration Certificate**                                          | Legal Registration                         |
| **e-register.moj.am extract**                                               | Legal Registration                         |
| **Charter (Kanonadrutyun)**                                                 | Constitutive Documents, Governance Records |
| **TIN Certificate (SRC)**                                                   | Tax Registration                           |
| **Participant Register (LLC — Սահմանափակ Պատասխանատվությամբ Ընկերություն)** | Ownership Records                          |
| **Share Register (JSC — Բաժնետիրական Ընկերություն)**                        | Ownership Records                          |
| **Director Appointment Decision (e-register.moj.am extract)**               | Governance Records                         |
| **Notarized Power of Attorney (Liazorагir)**                                | Signing Authority                          |
| **Վարձակալության պայմանագիր**                                               | Address                                    |
| **Կոմունալ վճարման անդորրագիր (վերջին 90 օրը)**                             | Address                                    |
| **Բանկային քաղվածք (վերջին 90 օրը)**                                        | Address                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                 | CBA license                                |

**Not applicable in Armenia:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Extract is downloadable from e-register.moj.am and confirms current status and registered details.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document for LLC and JSC alike; filed with and stamped by MoJ on registration.
* **Tax Registration:** 8-digit TIN; also functions as VAT number; issued automatically at state registration.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banks, credit organizations, insurance companies, payment service providers, investment funds, securities firms.
* **Ownership Records:** LLC participants (Մասնակիցներ) and their participation percentages are maintained in the entity's internal register. JSC shareholders are recorded in the Share Register maintained by a licensed registrar or the company itself.
* **Governance Records:** Current executive director(s) appear in state register extract; appointment resolution is the underlying instrument.
* **Signing Authority:** PoA must be notarized; electronic apostilles only since 2021-04-26 (MoJ).
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement (utility/bank dated within 90 days). Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                  |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Tnoren / Gortsadir Tnoren (Director / Executive Director)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management authority; sole executive body for most LLCs.                          |
| Tnorenner'i Khorh / Varchutyun (Board of Directors / Supervisory Board) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance body; mandatory for JSCs with >50 shareholders; optional for LLC and smaller JSC. |
| Liazorагір Krogh (Power of Attorney Holder)                             | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorized by notarized PoA to legally bind the company externally.                          |

## Notes

* No general operating license exists. Armenia has no general municipal business-activity permit; the Operating Permit field is not applicable for non-regulated businesses — only sector-specific CBA licenses apply.
* Banks and financial institutions are registered by CBA, not MoJ. Their TINs are also issued by CBA; e-register.moj.am extracts will not show these entities — query the CBA register separately.
* Electronic apostille only since 2021-04-26. Armenia issues apostilles exclusively in electronic form via the Ministry of Justice; paper apostilles are no longer valid. Armenia is a Hague Apostille Convention party since 1994 (accession 1993-11-19, in force 1994-08-14).


# Aruba
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/aruba

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Aruba (ABW) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                             |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | AW / ABW                                                                                                          |
| Registry     | [Kamer van Koophandel en Nijverheid Aruba (Aruba Chamber of Commerce and Industry)](https://www.arubachamber.com) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Aruba and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                     | Issuer                                                |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Persoonsnummer (Tax Identification Number / TIN)**           | Departamento di Impuesto (DIMP) — Aruba Tax Authority |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **KvK-nummer / Dossiernummer (Trade Register Dossier Number)** | Kamer van Koophandel en Nijverheid Aruba (KvK Aruba)  |

*Tax ID:* 8-digit numeric identifier assigned by DIMP to every registered taxpaying entity (natural person or legal entity). Used for all tax obligations including profit tax (winstbelasting, standard rate 22% as of January 1, 2023), turnover taxes (BBO/BAZV/BAVP, combined 7%), and wage tax (loonbelasting). Must be obtained before commencing commercial activities and before opening a bank account. All profit tax returns must be filed digitally via DIMP's BOi portal (mandatory since the 2023 tax year). Not the same as the KvK registration number.

*Registration number:* Dossier number assigned at registration in the Handelsregister (Trade Register) under the Trade Register Ordinance (Landsverordening Handelsregister). Appears on all KvK extracts (uittreksels), declarations of registration, and certificates of good standing. Every commercial entity — including NV, VBA, VOF, CV, Stichting, and branches of foreign companies — must register within 7 days of commencing activities.

## Sector regulators

`Centrale Bank van Aruba (CBA)` · `Financial Intelligence Unit Aruba (FIU Aruba)` · `Department of Economic Affairs, Commerce and Industry (DEACI)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                  | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Naamloze Vennootschap                       | N.V.         | Public limited liability company governed by Book 2 of the Aruba Civil Code (AB 2021 no. 26, eff. 2021-01-01). Incorporated by notarial deed (oprichtingsakte) in Dutch before a civil-law notary in Aruba; registered in the Trade Register. All shares are registered (bearer shares abolished as of 2021). No statutory minimum authorized capital since 2021, though the articles must specify share classes and nominal values. May have a one-tier or two-tier board. Financial statements must be filed with the Chamber within eight months of year-end. Suitable for larger, publicly held, or internationally structured enterprises. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Vennootschap met Beperkte Aansprakelijkheid | V.B.A.       | Limited liability company introduced in Aruba on 2009-01-01, now governed by Book 2 of the Aruba Civil Code. Incorporated by notarial deed; no minimum capital requirement. One or more shareholders; all shares are registered. Designed for closely held businesses; flexible governance allows the use of regulations (reglement) instead of bylaws. A foreign managing director requires a director's license from DEACI. The primary vehicle for SME and offshore private equity structures since the phase-out of the AVV. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                       |
| Vennootschap onder Firma                    | V.O.F.       | General partnership formed under the Civil Code and Code of Commerce of Aruba by two or more partners who conduct business together under a shared firm name; formed by notarial or private deed and must register in the Trade Register within 7 days of commencement. All partners bear joint and several unlimited liability for the firm's obligations. Not a legal entity (no separate legal personality under Book 2 ACC). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Commanditaire Vennootschap                  | C.V.         | Limited partnership under the Civil Code of Aruba. Has at least one managing (general) partner with unlimited joint and several liability and one or more passive (limited) partners whose liability is capped at their contributed capital. Limited partners may not participate in management without forfeiting liability protection. Must register in the Trade Register; limited partner identities need not be publicly disclosed. Not a legal entity under Book 2 ACC. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                 |
| Maatschap                                   | —            | Regular (civil) partnership under the Aruba Civil Code, formed by two or more persons who pool assets or labour to share profits. Exists in two variants: openbare maatschap (public, trades under a firm name with separate capital) and stille maatschap (silent, without a public firm name). Partners are equally liable for partnership obligations. No formal registration requirement unless the partnership trades publicly. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (informal).                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Eenmanszaak                                 | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Stichting                                   | —            | Foundation incorporated by notarial deed (oprichtingsakte) under Book 2 of the Aruba Civil Code. Has no shareholders or members; governed by a board of directors; purpose-driven with no profit distribution to founders. Must register in the Foundations Register maintained by the Aruba Chamber of Commerce. Used for charitable, asset-holding, estate-planning, and private-wealth structures. Subject to the right of inquiry with potential sanctions under Book 2 ACC. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation or Statutory Trust.                                                                                                                              |
| Coöperatieve Vereniging                     | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Vereniging                                  | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Bijkantoor van Buitenlandse Vennootschap    | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                             |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | Oprichtingsakte en Statuten *(optional: Statutenwijziging)*                  |
| Tax Registration       | Persoonsnummer Registratie                                                   |
| Operating Permit       | Vestigingsvergunning                                                         |
| Ownership Records      | Aandeelhoudersregister                                                       |
| Governance Records     | Uittreksel Handelsregister (Bestuurders) *(optional: Historisch Uittreksel)* |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Bestuursresolutie · Volmacht                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Huurovereenkomst · Nutsbedrijf Rekening · Bankafschrift        |
| Good Standing          | Declaration of Good Standing                                                 |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                              | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Trade Register Extract (KvK Aruba)**                | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Deed of Incorporation and Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Amendment to Articles of Association**              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **DIMP Tax Registration (Persoonsnummer)**            | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Business Establishment Licence (DEACI)**            | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Shareholders Register (NV / VBA)**                  | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Trade Register Extract — Directors**                | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Historical Trade Register Extract**                 | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Board Resolution**                                  | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Power of Attorney**                                 | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Lease / Rental Agreement**                          | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                       | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                     | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Declaration of Good Standing (KvK Aruba)**          | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                           | Credit Institution Licence (Centrale Bank van Aruba), Insurance Company Licence (Centrale Bank van Aruba), Trust Service Provider Licence (Centrale Bank van Aruba), Money Transfer Company Licence (Centrale Bank van Aruba) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** The primary proof-of-registration document issued by the Kamer van Koophandel en Nijverheid Aruba. Issued as a certified digital extract (Gewaarmerkt Uittreksel) or a plain extract; contains entity name, trade name(s), dossier number (KvK-nummer), legal form, registered address, establishment date, objects, managing directors and authorized signatories, and (for corporations) share capital. Ordered via the MyChamber online portal; delivered to the MyChamber inbox within 48 hours. Documents are in Dutch. For NV and VBA: incorporation is by notarial deed before a civil-law notary, after which directors register the entity in the Trade Register. For sole proprietorships and partnerships: registration is self-service at the Chamber. Annual contributions required to maintain active registration.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For NV, VBA, Stichting, Coöperatieve Vereniging, and Vereniging: constitutive documents are a notarial deed (oprichtingsakte) executed in Dutch before a civil-law notary in Aruba, containing the statuten (articles of association). The statuten must state the entity's name, registered seat, objects, capital structure (for share companies), and governance rules. Bylaws (statuten) must be registered with the Chamber of Commerce; supplemental regulations attached to a notarial deed need not be registered. A photostatic copy (Fotokopie Statuten) and an authenticated copy (Gewaarmerkte Statuten) are available from the Chamber. For partnerships (VOF, CV, Maatschap): formed by notarial or private deed; the deed need not be filed publicly. NB: the memorandum and articles are NOT a public document for private entities — they are obtained from the notary or Chamber as a paid product.
* **Tax Registration:** The standard profit tax (winstbelasting) rate is 22% (effective January 1, 2023; reduced from 25%). Resident companies are taxed on worldwide income; non-residents on Aruba-source income. There is no general offshore exemption: the IPC regime (which had allowed 10–15% rates) was abolished January 1, 2023, with grandfathering expiring for financial years starting before January 1, 2026; and the AVV was phased out effective January 2, 2024. Free zone companies benefit from a reduced 2% rate on qualifying profits. The persoonsnummer is required before opening a bank account and must appear on all tax filings, including winstbelasting returns submitted via DIMP's BOi online portal (mandatory since the 2023 tax year; paper returns are no longer accepted). Documents from DIMP are in Dutch/Papiamento. A business licence from DEACI (vestigingsvergunning) is a separate operating requirement and does not serve as a tax certificate.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the Minister of Economic Affairs through the Department of Economic Affairs, Commerce and Industry (DEACI) under the Business Establishment Ordinance (Landsverordening vestiging van bedrijven). Required for: all corporations (NV, VBA) regardless of owner nationality; foreign nationals establishing any business type; and all businesses in reserved sectors. Aruba-born Dutch nationals operating sole proprietorships are exempt. A separate Director's Licence (directievergunning) is required for foreign managing directors. The licence specifies the permitted business activity (branche) and must be renewed if the activity changes. Documents are in Dutch/Papiamento. A copy of the business permit (Kopie Bedrijfsvergunning) is available via the KvK portal.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific licences issued by the Centrale Bank van Aruba (CBA) under various state ordinances: credit institutions (Landsverordening toezicht kredietwezen, AB 1998 no. 16); insurance companies and company pension funds (Landsverordening toezicht verzekeringsbedrijf); money transfer companies (Landsverordening toezicht geldtransactiebedrijven, AB 2003 no. 60); trust service providers (Landsverordening toezicht trustkantoren); and securities businesses. The CBA also supervises non-regulated financial service providers (insurance brokers, investment brokers, factoring and leasing companies) and designated non-financial businesses for AML/CFT. Gaming licences are issued by a separate authority. Only applies to entities in regulated sectors.
* **Governance Records:** Directors (bestuurders) of NV and VBA are listed in the Handelsregister and appear on the KvK uittreksel (trade register extract). The extract shows the names, titles, and signing authority (handtekenbevoegdheid) of current directors and authorized signatories. A Historical Extract (Historisch Uittreksel) shows prior directors and amendments. For the NV, supervisory board members (commissarissen) may also appear. Documents are in Dutch.
* **Signing Authority:** Signing authority is established either by a notarially executed power of attorney (volmacht) or a board resolution (bestuursresolutie / directiebesluit) on company letterhead. The KvK uittreksel lists who is authorized to sign and in what capacity (e.g. 'alleen/zelfstandig bevoegd' = sole authority; 'gezamenlijk bevoegd' = jointly authorized). No statutory form prescribed for board resolutions. Notarial powers of attorney may need to be apostilled for use abroad.
* **Address:** Standard KYC proof of registered or operational address. Utility bill (WEB Aruba — electricity; SETAR — telephone; Utilities of Aruba — NV WEB) or bank statement accepted within 90 days; lease agreement accepted without strict time limit. Documents typically in Dutch or Papiamento. Same evidence accepted for both registered address and principal place of business checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Kamer van Koophandel en Nijverheid Aruba as a 'Declaration of Good Standing' (Verklaring) confirming that the entity is validly registered and has met its financial obligations to the Chamber (annual contribution up to date). Distinct from the plain uittreksel — this is an attestation of current status, not merely a registry extract. Ordered via the MyChamber portal; processing within 48 hours. Documents issued in Dutch; apostille available if required for international use. The Chamber also issues a 'Declaration of Registration' (Verklaring van Inschrijving) which proves active registration including name, address, establishment date, and ownership structure.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Bestuurder / Directeur (Managing Director)                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director appointed to manage and represent the NV or VBA; named in the Handelsregister and shown on the KvK uittreksel. May act solely or jointly depending on the articles of association (handtekenbevoegdheid). For a Stichting: board member with similar governance authority. |
| Commissaris (Supervisory Director)                                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of an optional supervisory board (Raad van Commissarissen) of an NV or VBA; oversees the managing directors but does not represent the company in external dealings unless specifically authorised. Listed in the Handelsregister.                                                     |
| Gevolmachtigde / Procuratiehouder (Authorised Signatory / Attorney) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person or legal entity granted power of attorney (volmacht) to act on behalf of the company, or a registered proxy with limited signing authority (procuratie). Authority and scope appear on the KvK uittreksel.                                                                     |
| Vennoot (Partner — VOF / CV)                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner in a VOF (joint and several unlimited liability) or general partner in a CV (same liability); named in the Trade Register. In a CV, limited partners need not be publicly disclosed.                                                                                          |

## Notes

* Aruba is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands with its own autonomous legal system rooted in Dutch civil law. Since 2021, corporate law is consolidated in Book 2 of the Aruba Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek van Aruba); prior law was scattered across the Commercial Code and separate ordinances.
* The Aruba Exempt Company (AVV — Aruba Vrijgestelde Vennootschap) was phased out effective January 2, 2024. Existing AVVs were required to convert to NV, VBA, or another legal form. Do not accept new KYB applications citing AVV as the legal form; treat unresolved AVVs as requiring a conversion confirmation before proceeding.
* All KvK registry documents are in Dutch. Papiamento is also officially recognized in Aruba but legal/corporate documents are predominantly Dutch. Request certified translations if required for internal review.
* The Aruba florin (AWG) is pegged to the US dollar at AWG 1.79 / USD 1.00. There is no general VAT in Aruba; instead, the combined BBO/BAZV/BAVP turnover tax rate of 7% applies (as of 2023-01-01). A persoonsnummer (8-digit DIMP TIN) is required before opening a bank account or filing any tax return.
* Bearer shares were abolished as of January 1, 2021, under Book 2 ACC reform. All existing bearer shares were converted to registered shares. Do not accept bearer-share structures for any entity incorporated after that date.
* Companies must file financial statements with the Chamber of Commerce within eight months of year-end (NV and VBA). Financial statements of credit institutions and insurance companies are publicly filed.
* A Director's Licence (directievergunning) from DEACI is required for any foreign natural person or foreign legal entity acting as managing director of an Aruba-based entity; confirm this licence as part of director verification for foreign-controlled entities.


# Australia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/australia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Australia (AUS) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                         |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                  |
| ISO 3166-1   | AU / AUS                                                                                      |
| Registry     | [Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC)](https://connectonline.asic.gov.au/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Australia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                           | Issuer                                                                |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Australian Business Number (ABN)** | Australian Business Register (ABR) / Australian Taxation Office (ATO) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Australian Company Number (ACN)**  | Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC)               |

*Tax ID:* 11-digit identifier issued to entities registered in the Australian Business Register under the A New Tax System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999. The first two digits are check digits derived from the remaining nine using a modulus 89 algorithm. Displayed as XX XXX XXX XXX. Mandatory for all businesses (including companies) that carry on an enterprise in Australia; required for GST registration (threshold AUD 75,000 annual turnover). The ABN for a company is typically the company's ACN with two prefix digits prepended. Freely verifiable via the ABN Lookup portal at abr.business.gov.au.

*Registration number:* 9-digit number assigned by ASIC on registration of a company under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). Displayed as XXX XXX XXX (three groups of three digits). Last digit is a check digit. Appears on the Certificate of Registration, company extracts, and must be displayed on all public documents. The ACN is the company's primary ASIC registry identifier.

## Sector regulators

`ASIC (Australian Securities and Investments Commission)` · `APRA (Australian Prudential Regulation Authority)` · `AUSTRAC (Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre)` · `ATO (Australian Taxation Office)` · `RBA (Reserve Bank of Australia)` · `ACCC (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Proprietary Company Limited by Shares | Pty Ltd      | The most common business vehicle in Australia; incorporated under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth); maximum 50 non-employee shareholders; shares not freely transferable to the public; cannot make public invitations to subscribe for shares or debentures; at least one director ordinarily resident in Australia required. Liability of each member limited to any amount unpaid on shares. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                         |
| Public Company Limited by Shares      | Ltd          | Incorporated under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth); may offer shares to the public; no cap on number of shareholders; subject to stricter governance, continuous disclosure, and financial reporting obligations; may be listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) or remain unlisted. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Company Limited by Guarantee          | —            | Incorporated under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) with no share capital; members' liability limited to a guaranteed amount they agree to contribute on winding up (commonly AUD 10 or AUD 50); used by charities, industry associations, clubs, and non-profit bodies; must include 'Limited' in its name unless ASIC grants an exemption. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                      |
| No-Liability Company                  | NL           | A public company incorporated under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) used exclusively in the mining sector; shareholders are not personally liable for unpaid capital calls — shares that are not paid up are forfeited rather than creating a personal debt; must include 'No Liability' or 'NL' in its name. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (mining-sector variant).                                                                                                                           |
| Unlimited Proprietary Company         | Pty          | A proprietary company registered under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) in which members bear unlimited personal liability for the company's debts; rare in practice; main benefit is an exemption from mandatory public financial reporting. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (with unlimited shareholder liability).                                                                                                                                                                             |
| General Partnership                   | —            | Two or more persons (up to 20, with higher limits for certain professional firms) carrying on business in common with a view to profit; governed by state/territory Partnership Acts (e.g. Partnership Act 1892 (NSW), Partnership Act 1963 (ACT)); not a separate legal entity; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability. Registered by a business name with ASIC if trading under a name other than the partners' own names. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). |
| Limited Partnership                   | LP           | At least one general partner with unlimited liability managing the business and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; governed by state/territory Limited Partnerships Acts; the limited partner must not participate in management; registered with the relevant state/territory authority. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                  |
| Incorporated Limited Partnership      | ILP          | A separate legal entity formed under state/territory legislation (e.g. Venture Capital Act 2002 (Cth) for ESVCLP/VCLP registration; Partnership Act 2008 (ACT); Partnership Acts in other states); requires at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and at least one limited partner (liability capped at contribution); the preferred vehicle for venture capital, private equity, and resource-sector fund structures. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).           |
| Sole Trader                           | —            | An individual carrying on business on their own account; no separate legal entity; the trader bears unlimited personal liability; must register an ABN and, if trading under a name other than their own legal name, register a business name with ASIC under the Business Names Registration Act 2011 (Cth). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                          |
| Discretionary Trust (Family Trust)    | —            | A trust in which the trustee has discretion as to how income and capital are distributed among beneficiaries; governed by a trust deed and state/territory trust law (e.g. Trustee Act 1925 (NSW)); the trustee (often a company) holds assets on behalf of beneficiaries; not a separate legal entity but widely used as a business structure in Australia; requires ABN registration. Closest US equivalent: Revocable/irrevocable family trust managed by a corporate trustee.              |
| Unit Trust                            | —            | A trust in which beneficiaries hold fixed entitlements (units) to income and capital; unitholders' rights mirror those of shareholders; governed by a trust deed and state/territory trust law; commonly used for joint ventures, real estate, and investment fund structures; not a separate legal entity — the trustee (often a company) is the legal entity. Closest US equivalent: Business trust or investment trust.                                                                     |
| Registered Foreign Company (Branch)   | —            | A company incorporated outside Australia that carries on business in Australia and must register with ASIC under Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) s.601CD; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; must appoint a local agent resident in Australia and maintain an Australian registered office. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation Branch/Representative Office.                                                                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                      |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Registration of a Company · ASIC Current Company Extract |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Company Constitution · Memorandum and Articles of Association           |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* ABN Confirmation · GST Registration Confirmation                        |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                   |
| Governance Records     | ASIC Current Company Extract                                                          |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Directors Resolution · Power of Attorney                                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                         |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · ASIC Current Company Extract             |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                        | Proves                                                                                                                                                       |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **ASIC Certificate of Registration**                            | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                           |
| **ASIC Current Company Extract (Bizfile equivalent)**           | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                           |
| **Company Constitution**                                        | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                       |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association (pre-1998 companies)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                       |
| **ABN Confirmation / ABN Lookup Certificate**                   | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                             |
| **GST Registration Confirmation (ATO)**                         | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                             |
| **Register of Members**                                         | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                            |
| **ASIC Current Company Extract (directors evidence)**           | Governance Records                                                                                                                                           |
| **Directors' Resolution**                                       | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                            |
| **Power of Attorney**                                           | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                            |
| **Lease Agreement**                                             | Address                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                               | Address                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (Australian Notary Public)**     | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                |
| **ASIC Current Company Extract (status evidence)**              | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                     | Australian Financial Services Licence, Australian Credit Licence, Authorised Deposit-taking Institution Authorisation (APRA), AUSTRAC Enrolment Confirmation |

**Not applicable in Australia:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** ASIC issues a Certificate of Registration of a Company (under s.1274(2)(b) of the Corporations Act 2001) electronically when the company is first incorporated; it contains the company name, ACN, date of registration, company type, and state of registration. The ASIC Current Company Extract (purchasable via ASIC Connect at connectonline.asic.gov.au for AUD 9) is the standard KYB evidence document — it shows current status, registered office, officeholders, and share structure. Both documents are widely accepted as proof of registration.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) ss.134–140, a company may be governed by a Constitution, by the Act's replaceable rules, or a combination of both. The Constitution is the single constitutive document for companies registered after 1 July 1998. Companies registered before that date may hold a legacy Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association (pre-1998 format) which are treated as a constitution under transitional provisions. A copy of the Constitution must be provided to members on request (s.140) and a copy lodged with ASIC if adopted or amended. There is no prescribed statutory form; the document is a private agreement.
* **Tax Registration:** The Australian Business Number (ABN) is the primary tax and business identifier, issued by the ATO/ABR under the A New Tax System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999. An ABN confirmation letter or ABN Lookup print-out (abr.business.gov.au) evidences the ABN. If the entity is registered for GST (mandatory above AUD 75,000 annual turnover; AUD 150,000 for non-profits), the ATO issues a GST Registration Confirmation. Companies also hold a Tax File Number (TFN) issued by the ATO for income tax purposes — a 9-digit number used on ATO correspondence; TFN certificates are not routinely issued but TFN letters or ATO-prefilled lodgement records serve as evidence. The ABN is the primary KYB evidence.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific licences are required for regulated financial activities: Australian Financial Services Licence (AFSL) issued by ASIC under Corporations Act 2001 s.913B for providers of financial product advice, dealing, custody, and managed investment scheme operation; Australian Credit Licence (ACL) issued by ASIC under the National Consumer Credit Protection Act 2009 for credit providers; ADI (Authorised Deposit-taking Institution) authorisation issued by APRA under the Banking Act 1959 for banks and credit unions; General/Life Insurance licence issued by APRA under the Insurance Act 1973 and Life Insurance Act 1995; AUSTRAC enrolment required for all reporting entities under the Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006 (AML/CTF Act). For Tranche 2 entities (lawyers, accountants, real estate agents, conveyancers, trust and company service providers): enrolment window opens 31 March 2026; enrolment deadline 29 July 2026; full compliance obligations commence 1 July 2026.
* **Governance Records:** Every company must maintain a Register of Directors under Corporations Act 2001 s.168; directors must also be disclosed to ASIC. The ASIC Current Company Extract lists all current and former directors and secretaries with appointment dates and service addresses — this is the primary KYB evidence for directors. Changes to directors must be notified to ASIC within 28 days (Form 484). The extract is publicly available via ASIC Connect.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. A board (directors') resolution passed at a duly convened meeting or by written resolution (Corporations Act 2001 s.248A) is the standard instrument authorising a person to act on the company's behalf. Powers of attorney must comply with state/territory Powers of Attorney Acts; execution by a company is under the company's common seal or by two directors, or a director and secretary, or a sole director who is also the secretary (s.127). For cross-border use, documents may require notarisation and apostille (Australia is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. For the registered office address, the ASIC Current Company Extract confirms the registered address on record. For the principal place of business, standard address evidence applies. Many Australian companies use a registered agent or accountant's address as their registered office — accept the ASIC extract as registered-address evidence and request utility/bank/lease for the operating address separately if different.
* **Good Standing:** ASIC does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing. Instead, ASIC issues a Certificate of Registration of a Company (under s.1274(2)(b) Corporations Act 2001) which confirms registration but does not attest to current status, compliance, or absence of insolvency proceedings. In Australia, Certificates of Good Standing are issued by Australian Notary Publics (not a government agency); the notary obtains a current ASIC company extract, searches the insolvency registers (ASIC Insolvency Notices at insolvencynotices.asic.gov.au), and produces a certificate attesting that the company is registered, not in liquidation, and not under external administration. The ASIC Current Company Extract is the primary evidence of current status; a notary-issued Certificate of Good Standing is required only when explicitly requested for overseas use.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for managing the company; recorded in the Register of Directors (Corporations Act 2001 s.168) and disclosed on the ASIC company extract; at least one director must be ordinarily resident in Australia (s.201A).                         |
| Company Secretary               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Officer appointed to manage statutory and administrative compliance; public companies must have at least one company secretary ordinarily resident in Australia (Corporations Act 2001 s.204A); optional for proprietary companies. Listed on the ASIC company extract. |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by directors' resolution or power of attorney to sign documents and transact on behalf of the company under Corporations Act 2001 s.127 or s.126.                                                                                             |

## Notes

* ASIC does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing. The ASIC Current Company Extract is the primary status-confirmation document; a notary-issued Certificate of Good Standing is only required for overseas use. Do not attempt to order a government-issued Certificate of Good Standing from ASIC.
* Australia's ABN and ACN are distinct identifiers: the ACN (9 digits, ASIC-issued) is the company registry number; the ABN (11 digits, ATO/ABR-issued) is the tax and business identifier. Most companies have both. The ABN is the ACN with two prefix digits. Use the ABN for tax evidence and the ACN/ASIC extract for registration evidence.
* Trusts (discretionary and unit trusts) are common operating vehicles in Australia but are not ASIC-registered legal entities. The trustee (typically a Pty Ltd company) is the registered entity. When onboarding an Australian trust, collect: (a) ASIC extract and corporate documents for the trustee company, and (b) the trust deed (constitutive document for the trust). Both the trustee company and the trust require due diligence.
* Incorporated Limited Partnerships (ILPs) are registered under state/territory legislation and are used primarily for venture capital and private equity fund structures. They are separate legal entities but registered at state level — an ILP registered in Victoria, for example, would appear on the Victorian Business Registry rather than ASIC's register. Verify ILP registration documents from the relevant state/territory authority.
* The AML/CTF Amendment Act 2024 (Royal Assent 10 December 2024) extends Australia's AML/CTF regime to include Tranche 2 entities (lawyers, accountants, real estate professionals, trust and company service providers, and dealers in precious metals) from 1 July 2026. AUSTRAC enrolment opens 31 March 2026; enrolment deadline is 29 July 2026 (28 days after obligations commence).
* Australia is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. Documents for overseas use can be apostilled by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) or by state/territory authorities.


# Austria
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/austria

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Austria (AUT) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | AT / AUT   |
| Registry     | Firmenbuch |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Austria and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                | Issuer                     |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **UID-Nummer**            | BMF / Finanzamt Österreich |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Firmenbuchnummer (FN)** | Firmenbuch                 |

*Tax ID:* Format: ATU followed by 8 digits (e.g. ATU12345678). Issued automatically on tax registration or via Form U15.

*Registration number:* Format: up to 6 digits + check letter (e.g. FN 123456a). Shown on every Firmenbuchauszug.

## Sector regulators

`FMA` · `OeNB` · `WKO/BMWET`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | GmbH             | Limited liability company; the dominant SME vehicle with quota-based membership and min. share capital of €10,000 (since GesRÄG 2023). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                        |
| Flexible Kapitalgesellschaft          | FlexKap / FlexCo | Hybrid closely-held company introduced by BGBl I 179/2023 (eff. 2024-01-01); min. capital €10,000; permits company-value shares (CVS) and flexible capital increases. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                     |
| Aktiengesellschaft                    | AG               | Joint-stock corporation with freely transferable shares; min. capital €70,000; mandatory two-tier board (Vorstand + Aufsichtsrat). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                     |
| Societas Europaea                     | SE               | EU supranational joint-stock company; min. capital €120,000; governed by EU Regulation 2157/2001 alongside Austrian AG rules. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                          |
| Offene Gesellschaft                   | OG               | General partnership; all partners jointly and unlimitedly liable; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                    |
| Kommanditgesellschaft                 | KG               | Limited partnership; Komplementär (general partner, unlimited liability) plus Kommanditisten (limited partners, capped at contribution). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                 |
| Einzelunternehmen                     | e.U.             | Sole proprietorship operated by a single natural person; no separate legal entity; registration in Firmenbuch optional below €700,000 turnover, mandatory above. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                              |
| Genossenschaft                        | —                | Member-owned cooperative governed by the Genossenschaftsgesetz; members share liability per the chosen variant (unbeschränkt, beschränkt, or mit Nachschusspflicht). Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                              |
| Privatstiftung                        | —                | Private foundation under the Privatstiftungsgesetz 1993; no members or shareholders — assets dedicated to a defined purpose by a founder; commonly used as a wealth-holding vehicle. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust. |
| Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts      | GesbR            | Civil-law non-commercial partnership under §1175 ABGB; no separate legal personality, not registered in Firmenbuch; used for informal joint ventures and joint asset ownership. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).      |
| Zweigniederlassung                    | —                | Branch of a foreign company registered in Austria's Firmenbuch; not a separate legal entity — liability rests with the parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                  |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Firmenbuchauszug                                                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Gesellschaftsvertrag · Satzung                                      |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* UID-Nummer-Bescheid + Steuernummer-Bescheid                       |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Gewerbeschein · GISA-Auszug                                         |
| Ownership Records      | Firmenbuchauszug                                                                  |
| Governance Records     | Firmenbuchauszug                                                                  |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Notarielle Vollmacht · Gesellschafterbeschluss · Vorstandsbeschluss |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Mietvertrag · Versorgungsrechnung · Kontoauszug                     |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                               | Proves                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Firmenbuchauszug**                                   | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records                  |
| **Gesellschaftsvertrag (GmbH / OG / KG)**              | Constitutive Documents                                                     |
| **Satzung (AG / FlexCo)**                              | Constitutive Documents                                                     |
| **UID-Nummer-Bescheid**                                | Tax Registration                                                           |
| **Steuernummer-Bescheid**                              | Tax Registration                                                           |
| **Gewerbeschein**                                      | Operating Permit                                                           |
| **GISA-Auszug**                                        | Operating Permit                                                           |
| **Notarielle Vollmacht (notarised power of attorney)** | Signing Authority                                                          |
| **Gesellschafterbeschluss (shareholder resolution)**   | Signing Authority                                                          |
| **Vorstandsbeschluss**                                 | Signing Authority                                                          |
| **Mietvertrag**                                        | Address                                                                    |
| **Versorgungsrechnung (≤90 Tage)**                     | Address                                                                    |
| **Kontoauszug (≤90 Tage)**                             | Address                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                            | FMA Konzession, Behördliche Bewilligung (sector-specific authority permit) |

**Not applicable in Austria:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Official extract from Firmenbuch; available via JustizOnline. Confirms FN, legal form, registered seat, date of incorporation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarized deed required for GmbH and AG. For AG: Satzung filed with Firmenbuch.
* **Tax Registration:** Collect both: UID for VAT (ATU-prefix), Steuernummer for direct taxes. Both issued by Finanzamt Österreich / BMF.
* **Operating Permit:** Trade license registered in GISA (Austrian Business Licence Information System).
* **Sector-Specific License:** FMA licenses for banking, payment institutions, insurance, investment firms, and VASPs (MiCA). Sector-specific; applies to regulated entities only.
* **Ownership Records:** Shareholders of GmbH and AG are listed in the Firmenbuch and appear on a Firmenbuchauszug extract.
* **Governance Records:** Geschäftsführer (GmbH/FlexCo), Vorstand members (AG), and Komplementäre (KG) are registered in Firmenbuch and shown on extract.
* **Signing Authority:** Notarized POA (Vollmacht) or certified board/shareholders' resolution confirming signing authority. Prokura (commercial power of attorney under §49 UGB) is registered in Firmenbuch and visible on extract.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                 |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Geschäftsführer (GmbH/FlexCo)          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing director with day-to-day authority; legally represents company.    |
| Vorstand (AG)                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Management board member; executive authority in AG.                         |
| Komplementär (KG)                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner with unlimited liability and management rights.             |
| Aufsichtsrat-Mitglied (AG; large GmbH) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member; oversight and Vorstand appointment only.          |
| Prokurist                              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of Prokura (§49 UGB); broad commercial POA registered in Firmenbuch. |
| Bevollmächtigter (POA holder)          | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized Vollmacht; binds company within scope of POA.           |

## Notes

* FlexCo / FlexKap is not a GmbH and not an AG — it is a distinct entity form (BGBl I 179/2023, eff. 2024-01-01) with different share mechanics (company-value shares, CVS). If Conduit's enum only knows GmbH/AG/OG/KG, FlexCo customers will misclassify; update the codebase enum.
* GmbH min. capital is now €10,000 (not €35,000) since GesRÄG 2023 (BGBl I 179/2023, eff. 2024-01-01). Old screening rules referencing €35,000 are stale.
* Nominee arrangements mandatory as of 2025-10-01 — BGBl I Nr. 151/2024 (FM-GwG-Anpassungsgesetz) introduced §2a WiEReG requiring disclosure of all nominee arrangements involving legal entities even below the ownership threshold; relevant for trust/nominee structures.
* Prokura is registered in the Firmenbuch and appears on the extract — a Prokurist's authority is publicly verifiable without a separate POA document; the Firmenbuchauszug is sufficient for Signing Authority in that scenario.


# Azerbaijan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/azerbaijan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Azerbaijan (AZE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | AZ / AZE                     |
| Registry     | State Tax Service (DVX)      |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Azerbaijan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                         | Issuer                  |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **VÖEN (Vergi ödəyicisinin eyniləşdirmə nömrəsi)** | State Tax Service (DVX) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **VÖEN (Vergi ödəyicisinin eyniləşdirmə nömrəsi)** | State Tax Service (DVX) |

*Tax ID:* Unique registration number assigned at incorporation; embedded in the State Registry Extract (Çıxarış). In practice the VÖEN doubles as the primary public identifier.

*Registration number:* Unique registration number assigned at incorporation; embedded in the State Registry Extract (Çıxarış). In practice the VÖEN doubles as the primary public identifier.

## Sector regulators

`CBAR`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Məhdud Məsuliyyətli Cəmiyyət       | MMC          | Limited liability company; no minimum capital; liability capped at members' contributions; the dominant SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                           |
| Əlavə Məsuliyyətli Cəmiyyət        | ƏMC          | Additional liability company; quota-based LLC variant where members may contractually assume personal liability beyond their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                             |
| Açıq Səhmdar Cəmiyyəti             | ASC          | Open joint-stock company; minimum capital AZN 4,000; shares publicly tradable; requires supervisory board for larger entities. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                          |
| Qapalı Səhmdar Cəmiyyəti           | QSC          | Closed joint-stock company; minimum capital AZN 2,000; share transfers restricted to existing shareholders; governance mirrors ASC structure. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                           |
| Tam Ortaqlıq                       | —            | General partnership; all partners trade under a joint firm name and bear unlimited joint-and-several liability for partnership obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                |
| Kommandıt Ortaqlıq                 | —            | Limited partnership; combines general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                          |
| Fərdi Sahibkar                     | —            | Individual entrepreneur; a natural person registered to conduct commercial activity with unlimited personal liability; no separate legal entity is created. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                    |
| Kooperativ                         | —            | Cooperative; a voluntary association of natural or legal persons pooling resources for mutual economic benefit, common in agriculture and housing sectors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                         |
| Xarici Hüquqi Şəxsin Filialı       | —            | Branch of a foreign legal entity; registered with DVX; may conduct commercial activities in Azerbaijan on behalf of the parent; not a separate legal person. Closest US equivalent: Branch.                                            |
| Xarici Hüquqi Şəxsin Nümayəndəliyi | —            | Representative office of a foreign legal entity; registered with DVX; limited to marketing, liaison, and non-commercial activities on behalf of the parent; not a separate legal person. Closest US equivalent: Representative Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                               |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | State Registry Extract                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Charter + Founders' Agreement                  |
| Tax Registration       | VÖEN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | License under Law on Licenses and Permits                      |
| Ownership Records      | State Registry Extract                                         |
| Governance Records     | State Registry Extract                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarized Power of Attorney   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* İcarə müqaviləsi · Kommunal qəbz · Bank ekstresi |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                     | Proves                                                    |
| -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| **State Registry Extract (Çıxarış)**         | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Charter (Nizamnamə)**                      | Constitutive Documents                                    |
| **Founders' Agreement (Təsis Müqaviləsi)**   | Constitutive Documents                                    |
| **VÖEN Certificate**                         | Tax Registration                                          |
| **Lisenziya / İcazə (License or Permit)**    | Operating Permit                                          |
| **Board Resolution (Yığıncaq Protokolu)**    | Signing Authority                                         |
| **Notarized Power of Attorney (Etibarnamə)** | Signing Authority                                         |
| **İcarə müqaviləsi**                         | Address                                                   |
| **Kommunal qəbz (son 90 gün)**               | Address                                                   |
| **Bank ekstresi (son 90 gün)**               | Address                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                  | CBAR License                                              |

**Not applicable in Azerbaijan:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by DVX; contains registration number, VÖEN, legal address, director. Order online via e-taxes.gov.az or ASAN service centers.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Charter is the sole constituent doc for single-founder MMC/JSC; Founders' Agreement required for multi-founder MMC.
* **Tax Registration:** 10-digit TIN certificate issued by DVX at registration; also shown on Çıxarış.
* **Operating Permit:** Required for activities on the licensed list; issued by DVX or relevant ministry. Many ordinary commercial activities need no license beyond registration.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banks, non-bank credit institutions, insurance, securities dealers, payment services, investment funds. All financial-sector licenses transferred from FIMSA to CBAR effective 2020-01-01.
* **Ownership Records:** Çıxarış lists founding participants; founder and shareholder details are treated as confidential under the Tax Code. Request the company's own Çıxarış or charter directly from the customer to verify ownership structure.
* **Governance Records:** Current director (icra direktoru) named in Çıxarış; for JSCs, Supervisory Board (Müşahidə Şurası) members filed separately with DVX.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution of the general meeting or notarized POA authenticates signing authority for third parties; notarization via ASAN or state notary.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                        |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| İcra Direktoru / Direktor (Executive Director)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole executive body of MMC; appointed by general meeting; day-to-day authority.    |
| Baş İcraçı Direktor / Baş Direktor (CEO)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Used in larger JSCs; equivalent executive authority to İcra Direktoru.             |
| Müşahidə Şurası üzvü (Supervisory Board member)    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance oversight body in ASC/QSC; appointed by general meeting; non-executive. |
| Müşahidə Şurasının Sədri (Supervisory Board Chair) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of Supervisory Board; governance role.                                       |
| Etibarnamə sahibi (POA holder)                     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized by notarized power of attorney to legally bind the company.      |

## Notes

* FIMSA no longer exists. FIMSA was liquidated by Presidential Order dated 2019-11-28; all financial market supervision (banking, insurance, securities, payments) transferred to CBAR effective 2020-01-01. Any reference to a FIMSA license in customer documents predates 2020 and should be treated as legacy.
* Single-window registration = TIN + registry in one step. Azerbaijan's DVX registers the entity and issues the VÖEN simultaneously (2-day turnaround for local-investment entities). There is no separate "business registration number" distinct from the VÖEN in practice.
* Shareholder information is treated as confidential under the Tax Code. The Çıxarış issued to third parties may omit founder/shareholder details. Request the company's own Çıxarış or the charter directly from the customer to verify ownership structure.
* Azerbaijan is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (acceded effective 2005-03-02; Netherlands objection withdrawn 2010-08-10; Germany objection withdrawn 2026-03-16). Corporate documents authenticated for cross-border use require apostille, not full embassy legalisation.


# Bahamas
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/bahamas

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Bahamas (BHS) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                          |
| ------------ | ------------------------------ |
| Region       | Latin America                  |
| ISO 3166-1   | BS / BHS                       |
| Registry     | Registrar General's Department |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Bahamas and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                            | Issuer                             |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Business Licence Number / VAT TIN** | Department of Inland Revenue (DIR) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**       | Registrar General's Department     |

*Tax ID:* Business Licence number issued under Business Licence Act 2023; VAT TIN issued on VAT Certificate (mandatory when taxable supplies ≥ BSD 100,000/year).

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation under Companies Act Cap. 308 or IBC Act 2000; appears on Certificate of Incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`CBBAH` · `SCB` · `ICB` · `FIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | Plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Act 1992 (Cap. 308); shares freely transferable and may be listed on an exchange; governed by a board of directors with public filing obligations at the Registrar General's Department. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                              |
| International Business Company    | IBC          | Incorporated under the International Business Companies Act 2000 (Cap. 309); widely used for cross-border holding, trading, and financing; register of members is not public; shares may be of any class. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                              |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Act 1992 (Cap. 308); share transfer restricted by articles; closely held with a cap on members; the default SME incorporation vehicle for domestic business. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                 |
| Limited Liability Company         | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Company Act 2016; member-managed or manager-managed; no share capital requirement; combines corporate limited liability with partnership-style pass-through flexibility. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                   |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; registered with the Registrar General's Department under the Partnership Act. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                          |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; registered under the Partnership Act. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                |
| Exempted Limited Partnership      | ELP          | Formed under the Exempted Limited Partnership Act; designed for offshore private equity, venture capital, and fund structures; general partner bears unlimited liability while limited partners are shielded. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                        |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal entity; must obtain a Business Licence under the Business Licence Act and register any trading name other than the owner's own name with the Registrar General's Department under the Registration of Business Names Act. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Foundation                        | —            | A separate legal entity established under the Foundations Act 2004; has no shareholders or members; used for private wealth management, estate planning, and asset protection; registered with the Registrar General's Department. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or business trust.                                          |
| Segregated Accounts Company       | SAC          | An overlay structure under the Segregated Accounts Companies Act 2004; a company (domestic or IBC) may register segregated accounts whose assets and liabilities are ring-fenced from one another; primarily used for captive insurance and investment funds. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                      |
| Branch of Foreign Company         | —            | A foreign corporation registered to conduct business in The Bahamas under the Companies Act 1992 (Cap. 308) Part X; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch/representative office.                                                                   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                          |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Business Licence + VAT Certificate            |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                              |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                           |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                             |
| ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**         | Legal Registration                 |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents             |
| **Business Licence**                     | Tax Registration, Operating Permit |
| **VAT Certificate**                      | Tax Registration                   |
| **Register of Members**                  | Ownership Records                  |
| **Register of Directors**                | Governance Records                 |
| **Board Resolution**                     | Signing Authority                  |
| **Power of Attorney**                    | Signing Authority                  |
| **Lease Agreement**                      | Address                            |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**          | Address                            |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**        | Address                            |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**         | Good Standing                      |

**Not applicable in Bahamas:** Sector-Specific License. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by RGD under Companies Act Cap. 308 or IBC Act 2000; includes company name, registration number, and date of incorporation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with RGD at incorporation; constitutive document setting out name, objects, share capital, and governance rules.
* **Tax Registration:** Business Licence (mandatory for all operators, Business Licence Act 2023); VAT Certificate with TIN issued by DIR where taxable supplies ≥ BSD 100,000/year.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by DIR under the Business Licence Act; required for any person operating a business in The Bahamas.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained by company; for domestic companies, directors are on public record at RGD; for IBCs, directors are registered but register of members is not public.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorizing a signatory, or notarized POA; no statutory form prescribed — company letterhead resolution standard practice.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by RGD for both domestic companies (Companies Act Cap. 308) and IBCs (IBC Act Cap. 309); confirms active status and compliance with annual formalities and fee obligations. Requested directly from RGD; processing 20–30 working days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                            |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day executive authority; named in Register of Directors. |
| Attorney / Agent (POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorized via power of attorney to act on behalf of the company.                      |

## Notes

* The IBC structure (Cap. 309) is distinct from domestic companies (Cap. 308): IBC registers of members are not public; the Certificate of Incorporation and Memorandum & Articles are the primary KYB anchors.
* Commercial Entities (Substance Requirements) Act 2018 (CESRA): entities conducting "relevant activities" (banking, insurance, fund management, financing, leasing, HQ, shipping, IP) must demonstrate economic substance and file annual returns with DIR; non-compliance risks striking off the register.
* Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT Act, 2024 — effective 1 January 2024): MNE groups with consolidated revenues ≥ EUR 750 million in two of the preceding four years that have constituent entities in the Bahamas are subject to a 15% QDMTT on Bahamian profits. All Bahamian entities in an in-scope group are jointly and severally liable. In-scope entities register via the 'One Tax Bahamas' portal (live from 1 June 2026) and receive a Business Identification Number (BIN); this BIN is a distinct identifier from the Business Licence number and VAT TIN. Business licence taxes paid may be credited against DMTT due (Business Licence Amendment Act, 2025). The DMTT is the only direct tax in the Bahamas; entities outside in-scope MNE groups remain in a no-CIT jurisdiction.


# Bahrain
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/bahrain

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Bahrain (BHR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | BH / BHR                     |
| Registry     | MOIC / Sijilat               |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Bahrain and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                  | Issuer                            |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Registration Number (TRN)**           | National Bureau for Revenue (NBR) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Commercial Registration Number (CR No.)** | MOIC / Sijilat                    |

*Tax ID:* 15-digit number; issued upon VAT registration. Not all entities are VAT-registered (mandatory threshold applies). Bahrain has no corporate income tax — CR number functions as primary entity ID for non-VAT purposes.

*Registration number:* Unique numeric ID issued at registration; appears on CR Certificate; used across all MOIC and government transactions.

## Sector regulators

`CBB` · `MOIC` · `NBR` · `NFCU/FIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| With Limited Liability Company         | WLL          | Standard SME vehicle; one or more partners permitted; liability limited to capital contribution; managed by appointed manager(s). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                          |
| Bahraini Shareholding Company — Closed | BSC(c)       | Private joint-stock company; minimum BD 250,000 capital; shares not publicly traded; single shareholder permitted under Decree-Law 38/2025; board of 3–15 directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (private).                                      |
| Bahraini Shareholding Company — Public | BSC(p)       | Public joint-stock company; minimum BD 1,000,000 capital; minimum five directors; shares listed on Bahrain Bourse. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (public).                                                                                         |
| General Partnership                    | —            | Two or more partners trading under a collective name; all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability; governed by CCL Part II. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                              |
| Limited Partnership                    | —            | One or more general partners with unlimited liability plus one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at capital contribution; also known as Simple Commandite Company under the CCL. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).     |
| Partnership Limited by Shares          | —            | Hybrid form under CCL Part VI; one or more general partners with unlimited liability plus shareholding partners whose liability is limited to their negotiable, transferable shares. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                  |
| Individual Establishment               | —            | Single natural person (Bahraini or GCC national) operating under a commercial registration; no separate legal personality from the owner; owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Branch of Foreign Company              | —            | Registered extension of a foreign parent entity; requires an authorised local representative; the foreign parent bears full liability for the branch's obligations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Commercial Registration (CR) Certificate                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Memorandum of Association · Company Constitution            |
| Tax Registration       | VAT Registration Certificate                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Municipal Licence                                                         |
| Ownership Records      | CR Extract                                                                |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* CR Extract · Memorandum of Association                      |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Board Resolution + Notarised Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* RERA-Registered Tenancy Contract · EWA Bill · كشف حساب بنكي |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                     | Proves                                                                          |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Commercial Registration (CR) Certificate** | Legal Registration                                                              |
| **Memorandum of Association (MoA)**          | Constitutive Documents                                                          |
| **Company Constitution**                     | Constitutive Documents                                                          |
| **VAT Registration Certificate (TRN)**       | Tax Registration                                                                |
| **Municipal Licence (Baladiya)**             | Operating Permit                                                                |
| **CR Extract**                               | Ownership Records, Governance Records                                           |
| **Memorandum of Association (MoA)**          | Governance Records                                                              |
| **Board Resolution**                         | Signing Authority                                                               |
| **Notarised Power of Attorney**              | Signing Authority                                                               |
| **RERA-Registered Tenancy Contract**         | Address                                                                         |
| **EWA Bill (خلال 90 يومًا)**                 | Address                                                                         |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**            | Address                                                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                  | CBB Licence (banking, insurance, investment, capital markets, payment services) |

**Not applicable in Bahrain:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by MOIC via Sijilat; renewed annually; CR Number is primary entity identifier.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Arabic original required; notarised. English translation accepted.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by NBR. No CIT — CR Number serves as entity ID for non-VAT entities.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Manama, Muharraq, or other local municipality; required for physical premises.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect only for regulated-sector entities; CBB is single integrated regulator.
* **Governance Records:** Lists managers (WLL) or board members (BSC); publicly accessible via Sijilat CR search.
* **Signing Authority:** Notarised by Bahrain Notary Public; foreign documents: apostille accepted (Bahrain is a Hague Convention party).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                           |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Manager (WLL)                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day operational authority; appointed by partners; named in MoA and CR Extract. |
| Board Member / Director (BSC)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance role on BSC board; elected by shareholders; 3-year term.                   |
| Chairman of the Board (BSC)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair elected by directors; cannot simultaneously hold CEO role.                |
| Managing Director / CEO (BSC)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Most senior executive of a BSC; distinct from board chair.                            |
| Authorised Signatory / POA Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Empowered to bind entity; named in board resolution or notarised POA.                 |

## Notes

* No CR number ≠ no tax ID. Bahrain has no corporate income tax; the CR Number is the primary entity identifier for non-VAT-registered entities. Only VAT-registered businesses receive a TRN from NBR.
* Bahrain IS a Hague Apostille party (in force 2013-12-31) — unlike UAE. Foreign public documents with apostille are accepted; full legalisation chain not required.
* WLL manager vs. BSC director are legally distinct tracks. WLLs are managed by appointed managers (not a board); only BSCs have a formal board of directors. Collect the correct document type (MoA for WLL managers; CR extract + board resolution for BSC directors).


# Bangladesh
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/bangladesh

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Bangladesh (BGD) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | BD / BGD                     |
| Registry     | RJSC (roc.gov.bd)            |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Bangladesh and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                            | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **e-TIN**                             | NBR (incometax.gov.bd / vat.gov.bd) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number (CRN)** | RJSC (roc.gov.bd)                   |

*Tax ID:* 12-digit income tax registration number issued by NBR Income Tax wing. Most businesses also require a separate BIN (VAT registration number — see vat\_id identifier).

*Registration number:* Numeric, issued on the Certificate of Incorporation; appears on all RJSC-certified documents.

## Sector regulators

`Bangladesh Bank` · `BSEC` · `IDRA` · `BFIU` · `MRA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Limited Company          | Ltd.         | Closely-held company limited by shares with 2–50 shareholders; shares are not freely transferable and may not be offered to the public. The default SME incorporation vehicle in Bangladesh. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                            |
| One Person Company               | OPC          | Single natural-person shareholder company with separate legal personality, introduced by the Companies (Amendment) Act 2020; paid-up capital BDT 2.5M–50M. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                        |
| Public Limited Company           | PLC          | Share-capital company with at least 7 shareholders; shares are freely transferable and may be offered to the public; may be listed on the Dhaka or Chittagong Stock Exchange. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                        |
| Company Limited by Guarantee     | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act 1994 without share capital; members' liability is limited to a fixed guarantee amount; used primarily for non-profit associations, clubs, and professional bodies. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.               |
| Partnership Firm                 | —            | Two to twenty partners with unlimited joint and several liability; registered with RJSC under the Partnership Act 1932; no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                             |
| Sole Proprietorship              | —            | Single natural person trading under a trade name; registered via Trade License from the local City Corporation or municipality; no RJSC filing required and no separate legal entity. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                   |
| Cooperative Society              | —            | Member-owned entity registered under the Cooperative Societies Act 2001 with the Department of Cooperatives (Ministry of Local Government); minimum 10 members; governed by cooperative principles for mutual economic benefit. Equivalent to a US Cooperative. |
| Society                          | —            | Non-commercial body corporate registered under the Societies Registration Act 1860 with RJSC; used for literary, scientific, charitable, and professional associations. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                                               |
| Branch Office of Foreign Company | —            | Extension of a foreign parent entity registered with RJSC and approved by BIDA; may conduct revenue-generating activities in Bangladesh but has no separate legal personality — liabilities rest with the foreign parent. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office. |
| Liaison / Representative Office  | —            | Non-revenue-generating communication and promotion office of a foreign entity; approved by BIDA and registered with RJSC; may not engage in commercial transactions. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* e-TIN Certificate + BIN Certificate                 |
| Operating Permit       | Trade License                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Schedule X Annual Return + Company Share Register   |
| Governance Records     | Form XII                                                            |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                       | Proves                                                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                               | Legal Registration                                                                              |
| **Memorandum of Association**                                                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                          |
| **Articles of Association**                                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                          |
| **e-TIN Certificate (Electronic Taxpayer Identification Number — income tax)** | Tax Registration                                                                                |
| **BIN Certificate / Mushak 2.3 (Business Identification Number — VAT)**        | Tax Registration                                                                                |
| **Trade License**                                                              | Operating Permit                                                                                |
| **Schedule X Annual Return (RJSC filing)**                                     | Ownership Records                                                                               |
| **Company Share Register**                                                     | Ownership Records                                                                               |
| **Form XII (Particulars of Directors, Managers and Managing Agents)**          | Governance Records                                                                              |
| **Board Resolution**                                                           | Signing Authority                                                                               |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                            | Address                                                                                         |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                                | Address                                                                                         |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                              | Address                                                                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                    | Bangladesh Bank licence (banks/NBFIs), BSEC registration (securities), IDRA licence (insurance) |

**Not applicable in Bangladesh:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by RJSC; includes CRN and incorporation date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Paired constitutive documents; RJSC issues digitally signed certified copies on incorporation.
* **Tax Registration:** Both required; TIN from incometax.gov.bd, BIN from vat.gov.bd.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued annually by City Corporation or Municipality; must be renewed each fiscal year (July–June). An expired Trade License is a common compliance gap — verify renewal date, not just issuance date.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific; only required for regulated entities.
* **Ownership Records:** No centralised public register of shareholders exists; collect the Schedule X Annual Return (latest filed with RJSC) and the internal Company Share Register.
* **Governance Records:** Filed with RJSC within 14 days of appointment/change (Companies Act 1994, s.115); updated annually via Schedule X.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution sufficient for authorised signatories; a notarised Power of Attorney is required for third-party representatives.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                     |
| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director (পরিচালক)                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage company operations; registered on Form XII. |
| Managing Director (ব্যবস্থাপনা পরিচালক) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director with day-to-day management authority.        |
| Chairman of Board                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over board; governance role, not executive.            |
| Authorised Signatory (POA holder)       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Empowered to bind company by board resolution or notarised POA. |

## Notes

* Bangladesh joined the Hague Apostille Convention effective 2025-03-30 (accession deposited 2024-07-29); at least twelve countries have objected (Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Lithuania, Netherlands) — documents bound for those jurisdictions still require consular legalisation; check the live HCCH notifications page (hcch.net/en/instruments/conventions/status-table/notifications/?csid=1533\&disp=type) for the current list.
* The OPC structure (introduced via Companies Amendment Act 2020, RJSC registration open from 2021-05-23) is still relatively new; the sole shareholder is simultaneously director, manager, and company secretary — all roles map to a single person.
* Trade Licenses must be renewed annually (July–June fiscal year); an expired Trade License is a common compliance gap at onboarding — always verify renewal date, not just issuance date.
* RJSC's primary digital portal is roc.gov.bd / app.roc.gov.bd; the older app1.roc.gov.bd remains active but is being phased out — confirm document authenticity via the current portal.


# Barbados
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/barbados

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Barbados (BRB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                           |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | BB / BRB                                                                                                        |
| Registry     | [Business Barbados (formerly Corporate Affairs and Intellectual Property Office / CAIPO)](https://caipo.gov.bb) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Barbados and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer                                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)** | Barbados Revenue Authority (BRA)                           |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**          | Corporate Affairs and Intellectual Property Office (CAIPO) |

*Tax ID:* 13-digit numeric identifier issued by the BRA upon registration through the Tax Administration Management Information System (TAMIS). Applies equally to companies and individuals. The same TIN serves as the VAT registration number for businesses registered for VAT. Issued under the Income Tax Act Cap. 73 and Value Added Tax Act Cap. 87. First digit is always '1'; remainder is randomly generated — no embedded checksum.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier assigned by CAIPO at incorporation under the Companies Act Cap. 308. Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all post-incorporation filings. No fixed-length or prefix standard has been publicly confirmed; format appears as a plain integer assigned in sequence.

## Sector regulators

`Central Bank of Barbados (CBB)` · `Financial Services Commission (FSC)` · `Anti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA) / Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares            | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 308 (in force 1 January 1985, modelled on the Canadian Business Corporations Act); share transfer is restricted by articles; closely held. The standard SME and domestic operating vehicle. Requires at least one resident director. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Public Company Limited by Shares             | Plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 308; shares may be listed on the Barbados Stock Exchange or offered to the public; minimum stated capital BBD 50,000; subject to enhanced governance and disclosure obligations. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Society with Restricted Liability            | SRL          | Formed under the Societies with Restricted Liability Act Cap. 318B (1995); uses 'quota holders' in lieu of shareholders and 'managers' in lieu of directors; quotas are personal property but not freely transferable without consent of all members; full corporate personality and limited liability. The Barbados equivalent of an LLC. A Foreign Currency Permit (FCP) is available where 100% of income is earned in foreign currency, conferring a preferential 5.5% corporate tax rate. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| General Partnership                          | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together under the Partnership Act Cap. 311; no separate legal personality; partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; business name must be registered with CAIPO under the Registration of Business Names Act Cap. 317. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Limited Partnership                          | LP           | Registered under the Limited Partnerships Act Cap. 312 with CAIPO; one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; limited partners may not take part in management. Failure to register causes the entity to be treated as a general partnership. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                    |
| Sole Proprietorship                          | —            | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; must register any trading name other than the owner's own name with CAIPO under the Registration of Business Names Act Cap. 317; must also register with the Barbados Revenue Authority and the National Insurance Department. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                       |
| Foundation                                   | —            | A legal entity registered under the Foundations Act 2012-21 with CAIPO; has no shareholders or members; established by a founder/settlor for specified persons or purposes; governed by a foundation council; may hold property and enter contracts in its own name. Used for private wealth management, estate planning, and asset protection. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or purpose trust.                                                                                                               |
| Private Trust Company                        | PTC          | Incorporated under the Private Trust Companies Act 2012-22; a company that acts as trustee for a defined class of trusts related to one family or family group; may not offer trustee services to the general public; exempt from income tax and capital gains tax. Used in high-net-worth estate structures. Closest US equivalent: Family trust company.                                                                                                                                                             |
| External Company (Branch of Foreign Company) | —            | A foreign corporation carrying on business in Barbados registered under Part X of the Companies Act Cap. 308 (s.324); must file Form 28 with CAIPO with certified corporate instruments; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Registration fee: BBD 3,000. Closest US equivalent: Foreign corporation branch office.                                                                                                                                                                 |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                        |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Registrar's Certificate  |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + By-laws                     |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Registration Certificate *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)* |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Register of Members + Register of Quota Holders         |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Register of Directors + Register of Managers            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement           |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                            |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                    | Proves                                        |
| ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**            | Legal Registration                            |
| **Registrar's Certificate (SRL)**           | Legal Registration                            |
| **Articles of Incorporation**               | Constitutive Documents                        |
| **Company By-laws**                         | Constitutive Documents                        |
| **TIN Registration Certificate**            | Tax Registration                              |
| **VAT Registration Certificate**            | Tax Registration                              |
| **Register of Members**                     | Ownership Records                             |
| **Register of Quota Holders (SRL)**         | Ownership Records                             |
| **Register of Directors**                   | Governance Records                            |
| **Register of Managers (SRL)**              | Governance Records                            |
| **Board Resolution**                        | Signing Authority                             |
| **Power of Attorney**                       | Signing Authority                             |
| **Utility Bill (not older than 90 days)**   | Address                                       |
| **Bank Statement (not older than 90 days)** | Address                                       |
| **Lease Agreement**                         | Address                                       |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**            | Good Standing                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                 | Central Bank of Barbados Licence, FSC Licence |

**Not applicable in Barbados:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by CAIPO under the Companies Act Cap. 308 (s.404); conclusive proof of incorporation; contains company name, registration number, date of incorporation, and company type. SRLs receive a Registrar's Certificate under the Societies with Restricted Liability Act Cap. 318B. External companies receive a Certificate of Registration. All issued on CAIPO headed paper and sealed by the Registrar.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Under the Companies Act Cap. 308, incorporators file Articles of Incorporation (Form 1) with CAIPO; separate By-laws govern internal management and are adopted by the directors at or after incorporation. Both documents must be kept at the registered office. For SRLs the constitutive document filed with CAIPO is the Application for Registration accompanied by the SRL's by-laws. Articles may be amended by filing Articles of Amendment.
* **Tax Registration:** The BRA issues a TIN registration confirmation upon registration through TAMIS (tamis.bra.gov.bb). Businesses making taxable supplies exceeding BBD 200,000 per year must register for VAT and receive a VAT Registration Certificate bearing their 13-digit TIN. Companies subject to the Companies (Economic Substance) Act 2019-43 conducting 'relevant activities' must also file an annual substance declaration with the International Business Unit.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Central Bank of Barbados (CBB): banks, credit institutions, and payment service providers licensed under the Financial Institutions Act Cap. 324A and the National Payment Systems Act (NPSA); CBB is sole regulator for deposit-taking and payment systems. Financial Services Commission (FSC): non-bank financial institutions licensed under the Insurance Act Cap. 310 (Class 1/2/3 insurer licences), Securities Act (broker-dealers, investment advisors, dealers, underwriters, mutual fund administrators), Mutual Funds Act, and Occupational Pension Benefits Act. Anti-Money Laundering Authority (AMLA)/FIU: supervises AML/CFT compliance for all financial institutions.
* **Governance Records:** Each company under the Companies Act Cap. 308 must maintain a Register of Directors; directors are also listed in the Notice of Directors filed with CAIPO at incorporation and updated on any change. SRLs maintain a Register of Managers. Annual Returns filed with CAIPO confirm the current list of directors/managers. These filings are accessible at CAIPO but the full register is not a publicly searchable online database.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. A board resolution on company letterhead — signed by the directors and certified by the secretary — is the standard instrument authorizing a named signatory to act. A notarized Power of Attorney is used where the authority is delegated externally. SRLs use a Manager's Resolution in equivalent form.
* **Address:** No statutory prescribed form for KYB address verification. Standard practice: lease agreement (no time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank statements dated within 90 days of submission. Utility providers include Barbados Light and Power (BL\&P) and Barbados Water Authority (BWA). The document must show the company's registered or principal operating address in Barbados.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by CAIPO (Registrar of Companies) and authenticated by the Barbados Notary Public; confirms: (1) the company is validly existing at the Register of Companies; (2) all fees and penalties due have been paid; (3) the company is not in the process of being wound up, dissolved, or struck off. Ordered directly from CAIPO; commonly also apostilled for international use. An equivalent Registrar's Certificate is issued for SRLs.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with executive authority over a company; must be a natural person; at least one resident director required under the Companies Act Cap. 308; named in the Register of Directors and in the Notice of Directors filed with CAIPO. |
| Manager                                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Equivalent of a director in an SRL; exercises the powers of the SRL and directs its management and business under the Societies with Restricted Liability Act Cap. 318B; at least one local resident manager required.                             |
| Authorized Signatory / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the company; no separate statutory definition — authority flows from the constitutive documents and any delegation instrument.                        |

## Notes

* The IBC (International Business Company) structure was abolished effective 31 December 2018 as part of Barbados' OECD/EU BEPS compliance reforms. No new IBCs may be formed; existing IBCs were transitioned to regular RBCs (Regular Barbados Companies). Conduit will encounter RBCs and SRLs — not IBCs — for new formations.
* The Companies (Economic Substance) Act 2019-43 requires entities conducting 'relevant activities' (banking, insurance, fund management, IP, shipping, HQ, financing and leasing) to demonstrate real economic substance in Barbados from 1 January 2019; annual substance declarations are filed with the International Business Unit. A Foreign Currency Permit (FCP) is the key instrument for international businesses. RBCs and SRLs earning 100% of income in foreign currency may obtain an FCP from the Central Bank under the Foreign Currency Permits Act, 2025-5 (in force March 2025, replacing the prior FCP framework), qualifying for a 5.5% corporate tax rate, exemption from exchange controls, reduced stamp duty, and — for service-sector FCP holders — duty-free importation of plant, machinery, and equipment. The 2025 Act also extended FCP eligibility to external companies and trustees. The FCP is not a registration document but affects entity structuring.
* The Companies (Economic Substance) Act 2019-43 requires entities conducting 'relevant activities' (banking, insurance, fund management, IP, shipping, HQ, financing and leasing) to demonstrate real economic substance in Barbados from 1 January 2019; annual substance declarations are filed with the International Business Unit.
* Barbados is a CARICOM member state and signatory to the OECD/G20 BEPS minimum standards. It was removed from the OECD's 'harmful tax practices' list in February 2023 following reforms. Effective 1 January 2024, Barbados enacted a flat 9% corporate income tax rate for most companies (Income Tax (Amendment and Validation) Act, 2024), replacing the prior tiered 5.5%-1% progressive structure. Barbados also enacted the Corporation Top-up Tax Act, 2024-16, establishing a conditional Qualified Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax (QDMTT) at 15% effective 1 January 2024 for constituent entities of MNE groups with EUR 750 million+ consolidated revenue, applicable only where the group is subject to an IIR or UTPR in another jurisdiction. No IIR or UTPR was enacted domestically. The OECD's January 2025 Central Record of Legislation confirms Barbados's DMTT has transitional qualified status. In-scope entities register and file under their existing BRA TAMIS TIN — no separate Pillar Two registration number is issued.
* The Companies Act Cap. 308 is modelled on the Canadian Business Corporations Act (not the UK Companies Act); constitutive documents are called 'Articles of Incorporation' (not a Memorandum and Articles of Association), and internal governance rules are contained in 'By-laws' rather than Articles of Association.
* CAIPO officially completed its transition to Business Barbados in September 2025. The registry is now operated under the Business Barbados brand; caipo.gov.bb resolves to the Business Barbados portal. Certificates of Incorporation and other registry documents issued since September 2025 carry the Business Barbados name. Historical documents predating the transition retain the CAIPO name and remain valid.


# Belgium
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/belgium

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Belgium (BEL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                 |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | BE / BEL                              |
| Registry     | KBO/BCE (FOD Economie / SPF Économie) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Belgium and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                       | Issuer                                |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **BTW-nummer / Numéro TVA (VAT number)**                         | FOD Financiën / SPF Finances          |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Ondernemingsnummer / Numéro d'entreprise (Enterprise Number)** | KBO/BCE (FOD Economie / SPF Économie) |

*Tax ID:* Format: "BE" + 10-digit enterprise number (e.g. BE0999.999.999). Identical digits to enterprise number; verify on VIES. Assigned on VAT registration (separate step from KBO registration).

*Registration number:* 10 digits; format 0xxx.xxx.xxx or 1xxx.xxx.xxx (leading 0 prepended to legacy 9-digit numbers in 2005). Assigned at incorporation via notary/Greffe → CBE.

## Sector regulators

`NBB/BNB` · `FSMA` · `CTIF-CFI` · `FOD Economie`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Besloten vennootschap / Société à responsabilité limitée                               | BV/SRL       | Private limited liability company; no minimum capital (financial plan required); replaced BVBA/SPRL under the 2019 CSA/WVV reform; the default SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                             |
| Naamloze vennootschap / Société anonyme                                                | NV/SA        | Public limited liability company; minimum €61,500 capital; shares freely transferable; mandatory board structure; used for larger companies and listed entities. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                 |
| Europese vennootschap / Société Européenne                                             | SE           | European public company (Regulation (EC) 2157/2001); minimum €120,000 capital; share-based, freely transferable; registered in KBO/BCE. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                          |
| Vennootschap onder firma / Société en nom collectif                                    | VOF/SNC      | General partnership with legal personality; all partners jointly and unlimitedly liable; no minimum capital. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                   |
| Commanditaire vennootschap / Société en commandite                                     | CommV/SComm  | Limited partnership with legal personality; one or more general partners bear unlimited liability alongside limited (silent) partners; no minimum capital. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                     |
| Maatschap / Société simple                                                             | —            | Silent or civil partnership without legal personality; the base partnership form under the CSA/WVV; registrable in KBO; all partners bear unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                 |
| Eenmanszaak / Entreprise individuelle                                                  | —            | Sole proprietorship; a single natural person trading under their own name or a trade name; no separate legal entity; registered in KBO/BCE at an accredited enterprise counter. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.         |
| Coöperatieve vennootschap / Société coopérative                                        | CV/SC        | Cooperative company; variable membership and capital; designed for the cooperative economic model; minimum three founders; may obtain recognition as an accredited social enterprise. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.       |
| Europese coöperatieve vennootschap / Société coopérative européenne                    | SCE          | European Cooperative Society (Regulation (EC) 1435/2003); supranational cooperative form; minimum €30,000 capital; registered in KBO/BCE. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                   |
| Europese economische samenwerkingsverbanden / Groupement européen d'intérêt économique | EESV/GEIE    | European Economic Interest Grouping (Regulation (EEC) 2137/85); facilitates cross-border economic cooperation between member-state entities; no profit motive; registered in KBO/BCE. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |
| Vereniging zonder winstoogmerk / Association sans but lucratif                         | VZW/ASBL     | Non-profit association; no share capital; profits may not be distributed to members; widely used by NGOs, professional bodies, and social enterprises. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                |
| Bijkantoor / Succursale (buitenlandse vennootschap)                                    | —            | Belgian branch of a foreign company; not a separate legal entity; the foreign parent bears full liability; must register in KBO/BCE and publish accounts. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                             |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait KBO/BCE                                                       |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Acte constitutif + Statuts                            |
| Tax Registration       | BTW/TVA confirmation                                                  |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Registre des actionnaires · Livre d'actions             |
| Governance Records     | Annexes Moniteur belge                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Procès-verbal · Procuration                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                           | Proves                                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait KBO/BCE**                                                | Legal Registration                                                                                      |
| **Acte constitutif / Oprichtingsakte**                             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                  |
| **Statuts (notarised)**                                            | Constitutive Documents                                                                                  |
| **BTW/TVA confirmation (FOD Financiën)**                           | Tax Registration                                                                                        |
| **Registre des actionnaires / Aandeelhoudersregister (BV/SRL)**    | Ownership Records                                                                                       |
| **Livre d'actions / Aandelenboek (SA/NV)**                         | Ownership Records                                                                                       |
| **Annexes Moniteur belge / Bijlagen Belgisch Staatsblad**          | Governance Records                                                                                      |
| **Procès-verbal / Notulen (board or general-assembly resolution)** | Signing Authority                                                                                       |
| **Procuration / Volmacht (notarised POA)**                         | Signing Authority                                                                                       |
| **Contrat de bail**                                                | Address                                                                                                 |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**                                | Address                                                                                                 |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**                                    | Address                                                                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                        | NBB licence (banking, payment, e-money, insurance), FSMA authorisation (investment, intermediary, VASP) |

**Not applicable in Belgium:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Free download at kbopub.economie.fgov.be; collect the full-detail printout showing status, legal form, registered office, and NACE codes.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Authentic deed by notary; published in Annexes Moniteur belge / Bijlagen Belgisch Staatsblad. Collect the original deed or certified copy; the Moniteur belge publication confirms it.
* **Tax Registration:** The VAT number is "BE" + enterprise number; verify via VIES. Note: VAT activation is separate from KBO registration — an entity may be KBO-registered but not yet BTW-active.
* **Sector-Specific License:** NBB supervises credit institutions (law of 25 Apr 2014), payment/e-money institutions (law of 11 Mar 2018), insurance (law of 13 Mar 2016). FSMA supervises investment firms, intermediaries, crowdfunding, VASPs.
* **Ownership Records:** BV/SRL: mandatory internal register of shareholders (CSA/WVV Art. 5:24). SA/NV: livre d'actions (Art. 7:31).
* **Governance Records:** Current managers/directors published in Moniteur belge on appointment; KBO extract lists current representatives. Note: KBO does not include personal identifiers (DOB, address) for directors — obtain from Moniteur belge publications or certified statuts extract.
* **Signing Authority:** For routine authority: KBO-registered gérant/bestuurder's appointment in Moniteur belge is sufficient. For specific non-routine acts or agents: notarised procuration.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                      |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Zaakvoerder / Gérant (BV/SRL)                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed managing director of BV/SRL; day-to-day authority; registered in KBO and Moniteur belge.               |
| Bestuurder / Administrateur (SA/NV)                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member of SA/NV (Raad van Bestuur / Conseil d'administration); governance role.                            |
| Gedelegeerd bestuurder / Administrateur délégué (SA/NV) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Delegated director of SA/NV with executive/operational authority; registered in Moniteur belge.                  |
| Dagelijks bestuurder / Délégué à la gestion journalière | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Person delegated daily management authority; may be a manager or an appointed officer.                           |
| Vaste vertegenwoordiger / Représentant permanent        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Named individual representing a corporate director; required when a legal person holds a directorship (CSA/WVV). |
| Gemachtigde / Mandataire (POA holder)                   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a notarised procuration / volmacht binding the company for specific acts.                              |

## Notes

* Trilingual jurisdiction: language of document depends on registered-office region. Flanders → Dutch; Wallonia → French; German-speaking community → German; Brussels-Capital → bilingual nl/fr. An SRL incorporated in Ghent will have Dutch-language statuts; one in Liège will have French-language. KYB extract language cannot be freely chosen — it follows the registered office.
* No minimum capital for BV/SRL since 2019 reform. The CSA/WVV abolished the €18,550 minimum for BV/SRL (replaced BVBA); founders must instead submit a detailed financial plan (plan financier / financieel plan) for at least 2 years. Collect the financial plan at onboarding for newly incorporated BV/SRLs — it is a statutory document.
* KBO extract does not include director personal identifiers. The CBE public extract shows management names and functions but not date of birth, address, or other PII for directors. Full details appear in the notarised acte constitutif and Moniteur belge publications; request certified copies or a Moniteur belge printout for identity-verification purposes.
* NACE-BEL codes updated to 2025 classification from 1 January 2025. Legacy 2008 codes discontinued 31 December 2024; automatically converted in KBO from 1 January 2025. When reading older extracts or historical filings, verify NACE code mapping has been applied correctly before inferring regulated-sector status.


# Belize
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/belize

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Belize (BLZ) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value            |
| ------------ | ---------------- |
| Region       | Latin America    |
| ISO 3166-1   | BZ / BLZ         |
| Registry     | BCCAR (via OBRS) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Belize and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                 | Issuer                   |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                    | Belize Tax Service (BTS) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Business Entity Number** | BCCAR (via OBRS)         |

*Tax ID:* 7-digit number (6 digits + check digit); displayed on GST Certificate and Business Tax Certificate.

*Registration number:* 9-digit number assigned on incorporation/re-registration; appears on e-Certificate of Incorporation or Registration.

## Sector regulators

`Central Bank of Belize` · `FSC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Business Company                | BC           | Closely-held private company limited by shares; the standard SME incorporation vehicle under the Companies Act 2022, with one director and one shareholder minimum and no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                  |
| Public Limited Company          | PLC          | Share-capital company authorised to offer shares to the public; subject to enhanced disclosure and governance requirements under the Companies Act 2022. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                             |
| Limited Liability Company       | LLC          | Member-managed pass-through entity governed by the LLC Act No. 13 of 2011; members are shielded from personal liability and the entity is tax-transparent for foreign income. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                               |
| Limited Liability Partnership   | LLP          | Partnership of two or more persons governed by the Limited Liability Partnerships Act (Cap. 258); each partner's personal liability for the debts of the firm is limited. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                                               |
| Business Name (Sole Proprietor) | —            | A trading name registered by an individual under the Business Names Act (Cap. 247); not a separate legal entity — the owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                             |
| Business Name (Partnership)     | —            | A registered trading name held by an unincorporated partnership (up to four partners) under the Business Names Act (Cap. 247); partners bear unlimited joint and several liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                     |
| Company Limited by Guarantee    | —            | Non-profit-oriented entity with no share capital; members guarantee a nominal amount on winding up; used for NGOs, associations, and professional bodies under the Companies Act 2022. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                |
| Segregated Portfolio Company    | SPC          | Statutory ring-fenced share-capital vehicle under the Companies Act 2022 whose assets and liabilities are legally segregated into separate portfolios; commonly used for captive insurance and investment funds. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC. |
| Private Trust Company           | PTC          | Company incorporated solely to act as trustee for one or more related trusts; governed by SI No. 154 of 2022 under the Companies Act 2022; exempt from FSC licensing. Closest US equivalent: Statutory Trust.                                       |
| International Foundation        | —            | Asset-holding and estate-planning vehicle without share capital, governed by the Foundations Act (Cap. 24.02); used for wealth management and privacy structuring. Closest US equivalent: Foundation.                                               |
| Branch of Foreign Company       | —            | Extension of a foreign-incorporated entity registered with BCCAR via OBRS; must appoint a local representative and file annual returns. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                         |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Registration |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + By-laws                      |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Business Tax Certificate · GST Certificate                 |
| Operating Permit       | Trade License                                                            |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                       |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement            |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                             |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                               | Proves                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                       | Legal Registration                      |
| **Certificate of Registration (BCCAR e-Certificate)**  | Legal Registration                      |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                          | Constitutive Documents                  |
| **By-laws**                                            | Constitutive Documents                  |
| **Business Tax Certificate**                           | Tax Registration                        |
| **GST Certificate**                                    | Tax Registration                        |
| **Trade License**                                      | Operating Permit                        |
| **Register of Directors (BCCAR/OBRS)**                 | Governance Records                      |
| **Board Resolution**                                   | Signing Authority                       |
| **Power of Attorney**                                  | Signing Authority                       |
| **Lease Agreement**                                    | Address                                 |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                        | Address                                 |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                      | Address                                 |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (BCCAR e-Certificate)** | Good Standing                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**                            | FSC License, Central Bank Authorization |

**Not applicable in Belize:** Ownership Records. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** 9-digit Business Entity Number; issued via OBRS on incorporation or re-registration.
* **Constitutive Documents:** "Articles" replaces the former Memorandum and Articles of Association; By-laws govern day-to-day operations.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Belize Tax Service; bears the 7-digit TIN.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the relevant city or town council; required for businesses operating in municipalities.
* **Sector-Specific License:** FSC (non-bank financial services, securities, trust, fund administration); Central Bank (banks, credit unions, payment services, remittance).
* **Governance Records:** Maintained by Registered Agent and filed via OBRS; nominee directors must declare nominee status within 30 days of appointment.
* **Signing Authority:** Directors' resolution is standard authorization instrument; notarized POA for external signatories.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Belize Companies and Corporate Affairs Registry (BCCAR) via the Online Business Registry System (OBRS) under the Belize Companies Act 2022. Only available for entities in Active status. Banks routinely require issuance within 30 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                 |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Individual appointed to the board with day-to-day authority; minimum one required.                          |
| Nominee Director                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director acting on behalf of a nominator; must file declaration of nominee status under Act No. 27 of 2023. |
| Attorney / Holder of Power of Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorized to legally bind the company via notarized POA.                                                   |

## Notes

* The IBC (International Business Company) structure was abolished by Companies Act No. 11 of 2022; former IBCs must re-register as BCs and receive new 9-digit entity numbers — verify that any pre-2022 entity has been re-registered in OBRS before relying on old certificates.
* Nominee directors and shareholders must each file a declaration within 30 days of appointment (Act No. 27 of 2023); failure is a compliance breach that can affect KYB status.
* Trade License Act No. 19 of 2024 was passed but had not come into force as of May 2026 (parliamentary procedure pending; government confirmed Cap. 66 remains operative for the 2026 licensing year); rural businesses including Caye Caulker remain exempt under Cap. 66 until the new Act commences.


# Benin
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/benin

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Benin (BEN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                 |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | BJ / BEN                              |
| Registry     | RCCM, Tribunal de Commerce de Cotonou |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Benin and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **IFU**         | DGI (Direction Générale des Impôts)   |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | RCCM, Tribunal de Commerce de Cotonou |

*Tax ID:* Unique fiscal number for all taxpayers; issued at registration via APIEx/GUFE; applied for at ifu.impots.bj.

*Registration number:* Format: RB/COT/YY \[letter] NNNN; assigned at APIEx/GUFE single window.

## Sector regulators

`BCEAO` · `CIMA` · `AMF-UMOA` · `CENTIF` · `DGI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée       | SARL         | The most common SME form in OHADA-member Benin; managed by a gérant; no minimum capital since Decree N° 2014-220; liability limited to contributions. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                    |
| Société Anonyme                        | SA           | Share-capital company for larger enterprises; minimum capital 10,000,000 XOF (private) or 100,000,000 XOF (public offering); governed by a board or administrateur général. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                       |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée         | SAS          | Flexible share-capital company introduced by AUSCGIE rev. 2014 (Arts. 853-1 to 853-23); governance freely defined by statuts; no minimum capital; shares not freely traded on a public market. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                    |
| Société en Nom Collectif               | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners have merchant status and bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts; must register at RCCM. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                         |
| Société en Commandite Simple           | SCS          | Limited partnership with two classes of partners: commandités (general partners, unlimited liability) and commanditaires (limited partners, liable only to the extent of their contribution). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                   |
| Entreprise Individuelle / Entreprenant | EI           | Sole trader or individual entrepreneur (entreprenant under OHADA); no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; declared at GUFE for approximately 10,000 XOF. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique        | GIE          | Two or more legal persons pooling resources for an auxiliary economic purpose; acquires separate legal personality upon RCCM registration; members retain unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust.                                            |
| Société Coopérative                    | SCOOPS       | Member-owned cooperative governed by the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (AUSCOOP, 2010); registered at the Registre des Sociétés Coopératives (RSCOOP); profits distributed to members based on activity. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                        |
| Succursale / Bureau de Représentation  | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign legal entity operating in Benin; not a separate legal entity; the parent company bears full liability; must register at RCCM (succursale) or declare presence (bureau de représentation). Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation IFU                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Patente communale · Autorisation d'exercer              |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Statuts + Extrait RCCM                                |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts                                |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Procès-verbal d'assemblée · Procuration notariée        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                                                        |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                    | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records     |
| **Statuts**                         | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Attestation IFU**                 | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente communale**               | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Autorisation d'exercer**          | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Procès-verbal d'assemblée**       | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Procuration notariée**            | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                                                       |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                                                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**         | Agrément sectoriel                                            |

**Not applicable in Benin:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Official extract from Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier; issued by Tribunal de Commerce de Cotonou via APIEx/GUFE; confirms legal existence and registration number.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Articles of association drafted in French under OHADA AUSCGIE (eff. 2014-05-05); notarized for SA; private deed acceptable for SARL/SAS.
* **Tax Registration:** IFU certificate issued by DGI; obtained simultaneously with RCCM at APIEx/GUFE; portal: ifu.impots.bj.
* **Operating Permit:** Patente (annual municipal business tax/license) required in localities outside Cotonou/Parakou/Porto-Novo; Autorisation d'exercer for regulated activities (sector-specific). Cotonou businesses pay Taxe Professionnelle Synthétique instead.
* **Sector-Specific License:** BCEAO license for banking/fintech (EMIs/PSPs); CIMA approval for insurance; AMF-UMOA authorization for capital markets; required only for regulated sectors.
* **Governance Records:** Names and powers of gérant (SARL), Président du Conseil d'Administration or Directeur Général (SA), or Président (SAS) appear in the RCCM extract and statutes.
* **Signing Authority:** Board or shareholders' resolution (PV d'AG) evidencing signing authority; notarized power of attorney for third-party representatives.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL)                              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Appointed manager who legally represents the SARL; may be associate or non-associate.          |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration (SA) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the board of directors in a SA with conseil d'administration.                         |
| Administrateur (SA)                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the conseil d'administration; governance role.                                       |
| Directeur Général (SA)                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer with general management authority; represents SA externally.                 |
| Président-Directeur Général (SA)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Combined board chair and managing director; common in smaller SAs.                             |
| Administrateur Général (SA)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Single-person governance in SAs with ≤ 3 shareholders; combines board and executive functions. |
| Président (SAS)                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Statutory representative of a SAS; powers defined by statutes.                                 |

## Notes

* Benin is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH status table, last updated 31 Dec 2025). Document authentication requires full legalization chain (notarization → Ministry of Justice → consular legalization).
* The AML/CFT statute in force is Loi 2024-01 du 20 février 2024, which superseded Loi 2018-17 and its 2020 amendment (Loi 2020-25). Do not cite the 2018 or 2020 laws as the operative text.
* SARL minimum capital was abolished for Benin by Decree N° 2014-220 of 26 March 2014 (implementing OHADA AUSCGIE rev. 2014, Art. 311): associates freely determine share capital. The pre-2014 OHADA floor of 1,000,000 XOF no longer applies. SA minimum remains 10,000,000 XOF.
* BCEAO Instruction 001-01-2024 imposed a licensing regime for electronic money institutions and payment service providers across WAEMU, in force 23 January 2024. The final extended compliance deadline was 31 August 2025 (elapsed); only licensed entities may legally offer payment services from 1 September 2025.
* SARL statuts may be by private deed (acte sous seing privé), but notarization is required for SA statuts and for any contribution in kind; request the notarized originals, not copies.


# Bermuda
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/bermuda

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Bermuda (BMU) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                              |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Latin America                                                      |
| ISO 3166-1   | BM / BMU                                                           |
| Registry     | [Registrar of Companies](https://www.registrarofcompanies.gov.bm/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Bermuda and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                        | Issuer                                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Payroll Tax Employer Account Number / CIT TIN** | Office of the Tax Commissioner / Corporate Income Tax Agency (CITA) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**                   | Registrar of Companies                                              |

*Tax ID:* Bermuda has no general corporate income tax for most businesses and historically issued no TINs. Two regimes now coexist. (1) The primary fiscal identifier for most businesses is the Payroll Tax employer account number issued by the Office of the Tax Commissioner (Payroll Tax Act 1995) upon mandatory registration within seven days of first employing staff; filing via the eTax portal (etax.gov.bm). (2) Under the Corporate Income Tax Act 2023 (effective for fiscal years beginning on or after 1 January 2025), Bermuda constituent entities of MNE groups with annual revenue of EUR 750 million or more are subject to 15% CIT and must register with the Corporate Income Tax Agency via CITA Online (cita.bm), which issues a Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN). For FATCA/CRS purposes, financial institutions use a GIIN issued by the US IRS or BMA reference.

*Registration number:* Unique identifier assigned at incorporation under the Companies Act 1981. Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation, Certificate of Compliance, and annual return filings. Also used for LLCs (Limited Liability Company Act 2016) and partnerships registered with the Registrar. The format is not standardised to a single pattern: purely numeric examples exist (e.g. 50153) as well as alpha-prefixed formats (e.g. EC28777 for exempted companies). Treat the value as free text.

## Sector regulators

`Bermuda Monetary Authority (BMA)` · `Office of the Tax Commissioner` · `Registrar of Companies` · `Financial Intelligence Agency (FIA)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ---------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Exempted Company             | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Act 1981 as a company limited by shares whose business activities are conducted primarily outside Bermuda; may not carry on business with the Bermudian public unless licensed to do so by the Minister of Finance. No minimum share capital requirement; shares may be issued in any currency. The dominant vehicle for international finance, insurance, fintech, and holding structures. Register of members is open for public inspection at the registered office. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Local Company                | Ltd.         | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Permit Company               | —            | An overseas (foreign) company granted a permit by the Minister of Finance under Part X of the Companies Act 1981 to carry on business in or from Bermuda; not a separate Bermudian legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Must appoint a resident representative in Bermuda. Policy restricts permits to situations where a Bermuda-incorporated entity would be at a disadvantage. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation registered to do business in a US state.                                                |
| Segregated Accounts Company  | SAC          | An overlay registration under the Segregated Accounts Companies Act 2000; any Bermuda company (local or exempted) may register segregated accounts that ring-fence assets and liabilities of each account from the general account and other accounts. Primarily used for captive insurance, special purpose vehicles, and structured finance. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                                                                                                       |
| Limited Liability Company    | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Company Act 2016, modelled on the Delaware LLC; member-managed or manager-managed; no share capital requirement; members are not personally liable for the company's obligations. Most commonly used for joint ventures, investment holding structures, private equity general partners, and fintech platforms. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                              |
| Exempted Partnership         | —            | Formed under the Exempted Partnerships Act 1992; at least one partner must lack Bermudian status; conducts business primarily outside Bermuda. May elect legal personality by filing a declaration with the Registrar of Companies. No withholding or income tax at partnership level. Must obtain BMA consent on formation. Used for offshore fund structures, private equity, and joint ventures. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                    |
| Exempted Limited Partnership | ELP          | Formed under the Limited Partnership Act 1883 (as amended) in conjunction with the Exempted Partnerships Act 1992; one or more general partners bear unlimited liability while limited partners (whose liability is capped at their capital contribution) do not participate in management. May elect legal personality. The pre-eminent vehicle for offshore private equity and hedge funds. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                          |
| General Partnership          | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together under the Partnership Act 1902; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; may elect separate legal personality by filing a declaration with the Registrar. If any partner lacks Bermudian status, must register as an exempted partnership. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Sole Proprietorship          | —            | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal entity; the owner bears unlimited personal liability for all debts and obligations. Must register any business name with the Registrar and obtain applicable trade licences. Used for small independent businesses where the owner seeks full control without incorporation overhead. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Registration                                      |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum of Association *(optional: Bye-Laws)*                                                                |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Payroll Tax Employer Registration Confirmation · CITA Taxpayer Identification Number Registration |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                             |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors and Officers                                                                              |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                   |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Compliance                                                                                       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                     | Proves                                                                                                                           |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                             | Legal Registration                                                                                                               |
| **Certificate of Registration (LLC)**                        | Legal Registration                                                                                                               |
| **Memorandum of Association**                                | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                           |
| **Bye-Laws**                                                 | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                           |
| **Payroll Tax Employer Registration Confirmation**           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                 |
| **CITA Taxpayer Identification Number Registration**         | Tax Registration                                                                                                                 |
| **Register of Members**                                      | Ownership Records                                                                                                                |
| **Register of Directors and Officers**                       | Governance Records                                                                                                               |
| **Board Resolution**                                         | Signing Authority                                                                                                                |
| **Power of Attorney**                                        | Signing Authority                                                                                                                |
| **Lease Agreement**                                          | Address                                                                                                                          |
| **Utility Bill (not older than 90 days)**                    | Address                                                                                                                          |
| **Bank Statement (not older than 90 days)**                  | Address                                                                                                                          |
| **Certificate of Compliance (Certificate of Good Standing)** | Good Standing                                                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                  | Banking Licence, Insurance Licence, Digital Asset Business Licence, Money Services Business Licence, Investment Business Licence |

**Not applicable in Bermuda:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies upon incorporation of a company under the Companies Act 1981. Contains company name, registration number, date of incorporation, and company type (local or exempted). LLCs receive an equivalent certificate under the Limited Liability Company Act 2016. Partnerships receive a Certificate of Registration upon filing with the Registrar.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The Memorandum of Association sets out the company's name, registered office, objects, authorized share capital, and names of initial subscribers; filed with the Registrar at incorporation and publicly available. Bye-Laws govern internal management; certain extracts must be filed with the Registrar within 30 days of adoption or amendment (Companies Act 1981, s.14). LLCs use an LLC Agreement in place of bye-laws; the agreement need not be filed publicly. Partnerships are governed by a Partnership Agreement.
* **Tax Registration:** Most Bermuda businesses have no income-tax registration: the primary tax obligation is payroll tax under the Payroll Tax Act 1995 (employer account number via eTax; a portal printout or confirmation serves as proof — no certificate document is issued). Bermuda constituent entities of MNE groups with revenue of EUR 750 million or more fall under the Corporate Income Tax Act 2023 (15%, fiscal years from 1 January 2025) and must register on CITA Online (cita.bm) — by 31 March 2025 or within 60–90 days of meeting the criteria — receiving a Taxpayer Identification Number. Collect whichever registration applies. Land tax and stamp duty are property/transaction-specific, not business-registration documents.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Bermuda Monetary Authority (BMA) is the sole financial services regulator. Key licence types: (1) Banking licence under the Banks and Deposit Companies Act 1999 (Class 1, 2, 3, 4, or Restricted); (2) Insurance licence under the Insurance Act 1978 (Classes 1–7 general; Classes A–E long-term; SPIs; collateralized insurers); (3) Investment business licence under the Investment Business Act 2003; (4) Digital Asset Business licence under the Digital Asset Business Act 2018 (Class T test, Class M modified sandbox, Class F full); (5) Money Services Business licence under the Money Services Business Act 2016 (being superseded by proposed Payment Services Act); (6) Corporate Service Provider registration under the Corporate Service Providers Act 2012.
* **Governance Records:** Every company must maintain a Register of Directors and Officers at its registered office and file a copy with the Registrar of Companies; Registrar also maintains a public Directors Register searchable at gov.bm/business/companies-directory (s.92B, Companies Act 1981). Register contains: full legal name, position, and address of each director and officer. Must notify Registrar of changes within 30 days. For local companies, also indicates whether directors hold Bermudian status.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form; a board resolution passed by the directors authorizing a named signatory is standard practice. Must be signed by directors in attendance (or by written resolution) and reference the company's bye-laws. Power of Attorney may be used in lieu where a director or senior officer delegates signing authority; no notarization required for domestic use though apostille is commonly requested for international counterparties.
* **Address:** No statutory form prescribed. Standard KYB practice: lease agreement (no time limit) OR utility bill (electricity, water, telephone) OR bank statement, with utility/bank documents dated within 90 days. Bermuda-issued utility bills commonly reference BELCO (Bermuda Electric Light Company) or Bermuda Waterworks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies; locally referred to as a 'Certificate of Compliance' though commonly called 'Certificate of Good Standing' internationally. Confirms: (1) the company was incorporated under the Companies Act 1981 (or relevant Act); (2) is in Good Standing with no overdue annual fees, government penalties, or outstanding filing obligations; (3) is not in voluntary liquidation and no strike-off proceedings are pending. Signed by an authorised officer and bears the official seal of the Bermuda Registrar of Companies. Available for order online via registrarofcompanies.gov.bm; apostilled versions available from the Bermuda Apostille Office for international use.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day executive authority; named in the Register of Directors and Officers filed with the Registrar. Every Bermuda company must have at least one director. For exempted companies, at least one director is typically resident in Bermuda through a licensed corporate service provider. |
| Officer                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Senior officer (President, Secretary, Treasurer, or other executive) named in the Register of Directors and Officers; exercises management authority and may sign on behalf of the company.                                                                                                                           |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized via board resolution or power of attorney to execute agreements and transact on behalf of the company. No specific statutory definition; authority derives from corporate bye-laws and board authorization.                                                                                     |

## Notes

* Bermuda levies no capital gains tax, VAT, or withholding tax, and most businesses pay no income tax — payroll tax (Payroll Tax Act 1995) is the primary business tax and no TIN is issued. Exception: the Corporate Income Tax Act 2023 imposes 15% CIT on Bermuda constituent entities of MNE groups with annual revenue of EUR 750 million or more, effective for fiscal years beginning on or after 1 January 2025; in-scope entities register on CITA Online (cita.bm) and receive a TIN. Expect a CITA TIN from subsidiaries of large multinational groups and a payroll-tax account number from everyone else.
* Bermuda has two main company types under the Companies Act 1981: 'local' (must be 60%+ Bermudian-owned/controlled) and 'exempted' (international business, may not generally trade with the Bermudian public). Conduit will primarily encounter exempted companies.
* The Certificate of Compliance (locally) = Certificate of Good Standing (internationally). Both names appear on documents from the same issuing authority. Accept either name.
* Economic Substance Act 2018 (ESA): companies and partnerships conducting 'relevant activities' (banking, insurance, fund management, financing & leasing, HQ, distribution & service centres, IP, shipping) must demonstrate local economic substance and file annual ESA declarations with the Registrar. Non-compliance risks penalties and strike-off.
* The BMA is consolidating the Money Services Business Act 2016 into a proposed new Payment Services Act (consultation paper issued August 2025); MSB licensees will be grandfathered with a one-year compliance grace period.


# Bhutan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/bhutan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Bhutan (BTN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)         |
| ISO 3166-1   | BT / BTN                             |
| Registry     | Corporate Regulatory Authority (CRA) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Bhutan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                                       |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Payer Number (TPN)**      | Department of Revenue and Customs (DRC), Ministry of Finance |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Corporate Regulatory Authority (CRA)                         |

*Tax ID:* Alphanumeric; issued via RAMIS on registration at any of eight DRC regional offices or online. Required for all DRC transactions.

*Registration number:* Numeric identifier assigned at incorporation; appears on Certificate of Incorporation issued by CRA.

## Sector regulators

`RMA` · `FID/FIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| ------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Public Limited Company    | PLC          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public; minimum three directors required; may list on the Royal Securities Exchange of Bhutan. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                               |
| Private Limited Company   | Pvt. Ltd.    | Closely-held company limited by shares; shares restricted from public offer; minimum two directors; most common vehicle for SMEs and FDI in Bhutan. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                          |
| General Partnership       | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business jointly under a partnership agreement; all partners bear unlimited personal liability for the firm's obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).          |
| Limited Partnership       | LP           | Partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sole Proprietorship       | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade name; no separate legal entity and the owner bears unlimited personal liability. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                |
| Cooperative Society       | —            | Member-owned enterprise registered under the Cooperative (Amendment) Act 2009 and Cooperatives Rules 2010; common in agriculture, transport, and financial services. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.             |
| Branch of Foreign Company | —            | Registered extension of a foreign parent company operating in Bhutan; not a separate legal entity — the parent retains full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation                                     |
| Tax Registration       | TPN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Trade License · Industry License                |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                           |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                          | Proves                        |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**  | Legal Registration            |
| **Articles of Incorporation**     | Constitutive Documents        |
| **TPN Certificate**               | Tax Registration              |
| **Trade License**                 | Operating Permit              |
| **Industry License**              | Operating Permit              |
| **Register of Members**           | Ownership Records             |
| **Register of Directors**         | Governance Records            |
| **Board Resolution**              | Signing Authority             |
| **Lease Agreement**               | Address                       |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**   | Address                       |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)** | Address                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**       | RMA License (sector-specific) |

**Not applicable in Bhutan:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by CRA under Companies Act 2016. Confirms registration number, entity name, and date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document filed with CRA at incorporation; covers objects, capital, governance.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DRC on RAMIS registration. Equivalent to national tax-ID certificate.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by MoICE (or relevant Dzongkhag authority); required before commencing business activity.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for financial services, insurance, securities, payments under Financial Services Act 2011. Regulator: RMA.
* **Ownership Records:** Maintained by the company and filed/updated with CRA under the Companies Act 2016.
* **Governance Records:** Filed with CRA; includes CEO details (name, CID/passport, contact).
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution bears company seal and director/company secretary signature; POA required for foreign companies appointing local agent.
* **Address:** Lease (no time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement; utility and bank documents must be dated within 90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance-level board member; minimum 2 (Pvt. Ltd.) or 3 (PLC).           |
| Chief Executive Officer (CEO)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Named operational executive; details filed with CRA alongside directors.   |
| Power of Attorney Holder / Authorized Agent | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized via Board Resolution or POA to legally bind the company. |

## Notes

* CRA was only elevated to full autonomous authority on 2024-04-03. The registry portal transitioned to system.cra.gov.bt; older references to "Office of the Registrar of Companies / MoICE" remain valid for pre-2024 filings.
* Bhutan is NOT a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. Documents for cross-border use require full embassy legalisation chain. Verify current status at hcch.net/en/instruments/conventions/status-table/?cid=41 before onboarding.
* Foreign ownership restriction. FDI is permitted but sectoral caps and prior approval from relevant ministries apply; the Register of Members should be scrutinized for foreign shareholder compliance under the FDI Policy.


# Bolivia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/bolivia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Bolivia (BOL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                         |
| ------------ | ----------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                 |
| ISO 3166-1   | BO / BOL                      |
| Registry     | SEPREC (formerly FUNDEMPRESA) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Bolivia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                | Issuer                                 |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIT**                   | SIN (Servicio de Impuestos Nacionales) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Matrícula de Comercio** | SEPREC (formerly FUNDEMPRESA)          |

*Tax ID:* Número de Identificación Tributaria for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Commercial registry number issued by SEPREC.

## Sector regulators

`ASFI` · `APS` · `ATT`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Empresa Unipersonal                  | —            | A single natural person registered as an individual trader (comerciante individual) with full personal liability for business obligations. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                 |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | S.R.L.       | Quota-based limited-liability company with 2–25 partners; the most common SME vehicle in Bolivia. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                              |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | S.A.         | Share-capital corporation with freely transferable shares; used for larger enterprises and capital-market access. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                       |
| Sociedad Anónima Mixta               | S.A.M.       | Mixed-capital corporation combining state and private shareholders; governed by S.A. rules with mandatory government participation. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                     |
| Sociedad Colectiva                   | S.C.         | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear joint, unlimited liability for firm obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                     |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple         | S. en C.     | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners liable only to the extent of their capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones   | S.C.A.       | Limited partnership in which the limited partners' interests are represented by transferable shares while general partners retain unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera      | —            | A branch of a foreign company registered with SEPREC to conduct commercial activity in Bolivia; not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Matrícula de Comercio                                                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura de Constitución + Estatutos                                             |
| Tax Registration       | Certificado NIT                                                                                   |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Padrón Municipal · Licencia de Funcionamiento                                       |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Acciones                                             |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Nómina de Directorio                                          |
| Signing Authority      | Testimonio de Poder                                                                               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Factura de Servicio Público · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                       | Proves                                |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Matrícula de Comercio (SEPREC/FUNDEMPRESA)** | Legal Registration                    |
| **Escritura de Constitución**                  | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Estatutos**                                  | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Certificado NIT (SIN)**                      | Tax Registration                      |
| **Padrón Municipal**                           | Operating Permit                      |
| **Licencia de Funcionamiento**                 | Operating Permit                      |
| **Escritura Pública**                          | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Libro de Acciones**                          | Ownership Records                     |
| **Nómina de Directorio (SEPREC)**              | Governance Records                    |
| **Testimonio de Poder**                        | Signing Authority                     |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                  | Address                               |
| **Factura de Servicio Público (≤90 días)**     | Address                               |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**       | Address                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                    | ASFI, APS, ATT                        |

**Not applicable in Bolivia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease is accepted without a date constraint; utility bill or bank statement must be dated within 90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role              | Canonical API role     | Description           |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------- |
| Gerente / Administrador | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manager.              |
| Director / Presidente   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member / chair. |
| Representante Legal     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative. |

## Notes

* Matrícula de Comercio requires annual renewal; an expired matrícula means the company is not in good standing.


# Bosnia and Herzegovina
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                    |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | BA / BIH                                                 |
| Registry     | Cantonal court (FBiH) / APIF (RS) / Brčko District court |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                               |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Bosnia and Herzegovina and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **JIB**    | UIO (VAT); FBiH or RS Tax Administration (direct tax)    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **MBS**    | Cantonal court (FBiH) / APIF (RS) / Brčko District court |

*Tax ID:* JIB: 13 digits (DDMMYY + municipality code + sequential + check digit). PDV broj (VAT): 12-digit number derived from JIB, issued by UIO upon VAT registration (threshold: BAM 100,000 annual turnover).

*Registration number:* Format varies by entity and register; appears on the Rješenje o registraciji and registry extract (izvod).

## Sector regulators

`FBA` · `ABRS` · `KOMVP` · `SECRS` · `CBBH` · `FIA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Društvo s ograničenom odgovornošću | d.o.o.       | Quota-based limited liability company; the dominant SME vehicle in BiH; liability capped at capital contribution; minimum BAM 1,000 (FBiH) or BAM 1 (RS). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                 |
| Dioničko društvo                   | d.d.         | Joint-stock company with share capital divided into transferable shares; may be open (publicly held, min. BAM 50,000) or closed (privately held, min. BAM 20,000). Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                     |
| Ortačko društvo                    | o.d.         | General partnership in which all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; no minimum capital; called o.d. in FBiH/Brčko and by similar form in RS. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                            |
| Komanditno društvo                 | k.d.         | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                |
| Samostalni preduzetnik             | —            | Sole-trader form for a single natural person conducting independent business activity; no separate legal entity; no minimum capital; called obrt or samostalna djelatnost in FBiH/Brčko and samostalni preduzetnik in RS. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Podružnica stranog pravnog lica    | —            | Registered branch of a foreign legal entity; not an independent legal person — the parent company bears full liability; must be registered in the applicable commercial register before conducting business in BiH. Equivalent to a US Branch.                    |
| Zadruga                            | —            | Cooperative society organized on a member-benefit basis; governed by separate cooperative legislation in both FBiH and RS; members' liability limited to their contributions. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Rješenje o registraciji + Izvod iz sudskog/APIF registra  |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Osnivački akt + Statut                                    |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* JIB potvrda · PDV uvjerenje                                 |
| Operating Permit       | Odobrenje za rad                                                          |
| Ownership Records      | Izvod iz registra                                                         |
| Governance Records     | Izvod iz registra                                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Odluka skupštine · Punomoć                                  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Ugovor o najmu · Račun za komunalne usluge · Bankovni izvod |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                    | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Rješenje o registraciji**                                                 | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Izvod iz sudskog/APIF registra**                                          | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Osnivački akt (founding decision/contract)**                              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Statut (if applicable)**                                                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **JIB potvrda**                                                             | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **PDV uvjerenje**                                                           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Odobrenje za rad (municipal operating permit)**                           | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Izvod iz registra (registry extract listing members/ownership shares)**   | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Izvod iz registra (registry extract listing direktor(i) and prokuristi)** | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Odluka skupštine (assembly/board decision)**                              | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Punomoć (notarised power of attorney)**                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Ugovor o najmu**                                                          | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Račun za komunalne usluge (≤90 dana)**                                    | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Bankovni izvod (≤90 dana)**                                               | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                 | FBA Licence (Agencija za bankarstvo FBiH), ABRS Licence (Agencija za bankarstvo RS), KOMVP Authorisation (Komisija za vrijednosne papire BiH), SECRS Authorisation (Komisija za hartije od vrijednosti RS), Ministerial Permit (sector-specific) |

**Not applicable in Bosnia and Herzegovina:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Extract must be ≤3 months old. Specify which register (FBiH cantonal court, APIF, or Brčko District) based on registered entity address.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Must be notarized. Single-member d.o.o. uses Odluka o osnivanju; multi-member uses Ugovor o osnivanju. d.d. requires separate Statut.
* **Tax Registration:** JIB from entity-level tax administration; PDV broj (12-digit, derived from JIB) from UIO upon VAT registration. Collect both where applicable.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the relevant municipality; requirements differ by canton (FBiH) or municipality (RS). Not all activities require a separate permit.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banking, insurance, securities, and other regulated activities. FBA and ABRS licenses differ by entity.
* **Governance Records:** Direktor(i) and authorized representatives (prokuristi) are listed in the public registry extract.
* **Signing Authority:** For legal representatives not already listed as direktor in the registry, a notarized POA (punomoć) or board resolution (odluka) is required.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                     | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                           |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Direktor                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing director with day-to-day operational authority; registered in the commercial register.       |
| Izvršni direktor               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director; sub-role to the managing director in larger structures.                           |
| Nadzorni odbor član            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member (d.d.); governance oversight role.                                           |
| Skupština / Upravni odbor član | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Members' assembly or board member (d.d.); governance, not execution.                                  |
| Prokurista                     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of commercial power of attorney (prokura); registered; authorized to legally bind the company. |
| Zakonski zastupnik             | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Statutory legal representative; may overlap with direktor in smaller entities.                        |

## Notes

* Three parallel registries, three AML regimes: FBiH uses cantonal court registers (bizreg.ba); RS uses APIF (apif.net); Brčko District uses its basic court register. Each entity has its own commercial company law, registration procedure, and entity-level tax administration. A Bosnian company's KYB document set must be sourced from the correct register — do not mix cross-entity extracts.
* PDV broj vs. JIB: The PDV broj is a 12-digit number derived from the 13-digit JIB, issued separately by UIO upon VAT registration. Do not substitute the JIB for the PDV broj on cross-border invoices — the UIO taxpayer database explicitly requires a 12-digit entry for VAT lookups.


# Botswana
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/botswana

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Botswana (BWA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                           |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                                          |
| ISO 3166-1   | BW / BWA                                                                        |
| Registry     | [Companies and Intellectual Property Authority (CIPA)](https://www.cipa.co.bw/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Botswana and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                                               |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                 | BURS (Botswana Unified Revenue Service)              |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CIPA company number** | CIPA (Companies and Intellectual Property Authority) |

*Tax ID:* Taxpayer Identification Number issued by BURS.

*Registration number:* Company number assigned by CIPA at incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`BoB` · `NBFIRA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ---------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Company              | (Pty) Ltd    | Share-capital company with limited liability; maximum 25 shareholders, no public offering of shares. The standard SME vehicle in Botswana. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                 |
| Public Company               | Ltd          | Share-capital company with unlimited shareholders that may offer shares to the public and list on the Botswana Stock Exchange. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                          |
| Close Company                | CC           | Member-interest entity with 1–5 natural-person members, governed by the Close Companies Act; lighter accounting and compliance requirements than a private company. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                                    |
| Company Limited by Guarantee | —            | Non-share-capital company whose members guarantee a fixed contribution upon winding up; used primarily for non-profit and charitable purposes. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                       |
| Partnership                  | —            | Unincorporated association of two or more persons carrying on business together, registered under the Registration of Business Names Act; general and limited forms exist, with at least one partner bearing unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: GP or LP. |
| Sole Proprietorship          | —            | A single natural person trading under their own or a registered business name under the Registration of Business Names Act; no separate legal personality, owner bears unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                |
| Cooperative Society          | —            | Member-owned entity registered under the Co-operative Societies Act; commonly used for savings, credit, and agricultural ventures. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                             |
| External Company             | —            | A foreign-incorporated body corporate registered with CIPA under the Companies Act to conduct business in Botswana; must appoint a resident authorized agent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                            |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Constitution                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Trade License                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Constitution + Annual Return                  |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Constitution + Annual Return                  |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                  | Proves                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (CIPA)**   | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Constitution**                          | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **TIN Certificate (BURS)**                | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Trade License (District/Town Council)** | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Annual Return (Form 2)**                | Ownership Records, Governance Records                         |
| **Board Resolution**                      | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Lease Agreement**                       | Address                                                       |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**           | Address                                                       |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**         | Address                                                       |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (CIPA)**   | Good Standing                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**               | BoB, NBFIRA                                                   |

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. Acceptable for both registered-address and operating-address verification.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Companies and Intellectual Property Authority (CIPA) under the Botswana Companies Act (CAP 42:01). Used in re-registration and cross-border banking. Request within 30 days of submission.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description   |
| ---------- | -------------------- | ------------- |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. |


# Brazil
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/brazil

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Brazil (BRA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                           |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | BR / BRA                                                                        |
| Registry     | State-level Juntas Comerciais (Boards of Trade) + Receita Federal (federal tax) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Brazil and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                        |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **CNPJ**   | Receita Federal               |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **NIRE**   | Junta Comercial (state-level) |

*Tax ID:* 14-digit national tax ID printed on the Cartão CNPJ.

*Registration number:* Commercial registry number assigned at incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`BCB` · `CVM` · `SUSEP` · `ANS` · `ANVISA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedade Anônima                  | S.A.         | Share-capital corporation governed by Lei 6.404/1976; can be publicly or privately held. Board of directors mandatory for publicly held S.A.s. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Sociedade em Comandita por Ações   | S.C.A.       | Share-capital entity in which at least one managing partner (comanditado) bears unlimited liability while shareholders (comanditários) are liable only to the extent of their shares. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                        |
| Sociedade Limitada                 | LTDA         | Quota-based limited liability company; 2+ members (sócios) since Lei 13.874/2019 expanded single-member access via SLU. No minimum capital. The most common business vehicle in Brazil. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                               |
| Sociedade Limitada Unipessoal      | SLU          | Single-member variant of the Sociedade Limitada, introduced by Lei 13.874/2019 (Art. 7); replaces the defunct EIRELI. No minimum capital. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                                                                                                                       |
| Sociedade em Nome Coletivo         | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners must be natural persons and bear unlimited joint and several liability for the company's obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                  |
| Sociedade em Comandita Simples     | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (comanditado) bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners (comanditários) liable only for their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                     |
| Empresário Individual              | EI           | Registered sole trader (natural person); no separate legal personality and unlimited personal liability for business debts. Registered with the Junta Comercial. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                      |
| Microempreendedor Individual       | MEI          | Micro-entrepreneur regime for self-employed individuals with annual revenue up to R\$81k (indexed); simplified federal registration via Portal do Empreendedor, issues a CNPJ. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship (DBA).                                                                                                                  |
| Sociedade Simples                  | SS           | Civil-law professional partnership for intellectual or liberal activities (law, medicine, architecture); registered with the Cartório de Registro Civil de Pessoas Jurídicas, not the Junta Comercial. Partners may be jointly liable depending on the articles. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP) used for professional firms. |
| Sociedade em Conta de Participação | SCP          | Undisclosed (silent) partnership with no legal personality; the ostensible partner (sócio ostensivo) acts publicly while silent partners (sócios participantes) contribute capital. Must register for a CNPJ but is not filed with the Junta Comercial. Closest US equivalent: a contractual Joint Venture or Silent Partnership.             |
| Sociedade Cooperativa              | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by Lei 5.764/1971 and Arts. 1.093–1.096 of the Civil Code; democratic governance (one member, one vote) and no profit-maximisation purpose. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                                                                                                 |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Cartão CNPJ + Junta Comercial Reg.                             |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Contrato Social · Estatuto Social                                |
| Tax Registration       | Cartão CNPJ                                                                    |
| Operating Permit       | Alvará de Funcionamento                                                        |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Quadro Societário · Contrato Social · Livro de Ações             |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Contrato Social · Ata de Eleição                                 |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Ata de Assembleia · Procuração                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Locação · Comprovante de Endereço · Extrato Bancário |
| Good Standing          | Certidão Simplificada                                                          |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                    | Proves                                                            |
| ------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Cartão CNPJ**                             | Legal Registration, Tax Registration                              |
| **Junta Comercial Reg. (NIRE)**             | Legal Registration                                                |
| **Contrato Social (LTDA)**                  | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records     |
| **Estatuto Social (S.A.)**                  | Constitutive Documents                                            |
| **Alvará de Funcionamento (municipal)**     | Operating Permit                                                  |
| **Quadro Societário**                       | Ownership Records                                                 |
| **Livro de Ações (S.A.)**                   | Ownership Records                                                 |
| **Ata de Eleição (S.A.)**                   | Governance Records                                                |
| **Ata de Assembleia / Reunião de Sócios**   | Signing Authority                                                 |
| **Procuração**                              | Signing Authority                                                 |
| **Contrato de Locação**                     | Address                                                           |
| **Comprovante de Endereço (≤90 dias)**      | Address                                                           |
| **Extrato Bancário (≤90 dias)**             | Address                                                           |
| **Certidão Simplificada (Junta Comercial)** | Good Standing                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                 | BCB (financial), CVM (securities), SUSEP (insurance), ANS, ANVISA |

### Collection notes

* **Signing Authority:** 'Ata de Assembleia / Reunião' is one artifact with two title variants (Assembleia = S.A., Reunião = LTDA) — not two separate documents. The Ata is always required; Procuração is additionally required only when the acting representative is not a registered statutory officer. For classification, either artifact alone is sufficient to satisfy the slot.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the state Junta Comercial where the entity is registered. Reports situação cadastral (active, extinct, cancelled, bankrupt, transferred). Distinct from the Cartão CNPJ (tax/business registration). No statutory expiry but banks and counterparties typically require issuance within 30–90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                               |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sócio-Administrador | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Partner who also manages the LTDA. Must be identified in Contrato Social. |
| Administrador       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Non-partner manager of LTDA, if appointed.                                |
| Diretor             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Officer of S.A. appointed by board.                                       |
| Conselheiro         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of Conselho de Administração in S.A.                               |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair or company president.                                         |
| Procurador          | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holds power of attorney (procuração) to act on behalf of the company.     |

## Notes

* Proof of operating address must be a utility bill or lease no older than 3 months.


# British Virgin Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/british-virgin-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in British Virgin Islands (VGB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                          |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                                                  |
| ISO 3166-1   | VG / VGB                                                                                                                                       |
| Registry     | [Registry of Corporate Affairs (ROCA), British Virgin Islands Financial Services Commission](https://www.bvifsc.vg/registry-corporate-affairs) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in British Virgin Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                                                         | Issuer                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Company Registration Number (no separate TIN; Certificate of Tax Exemption as fiscal evidence)** | Registry of Corporate Affairs (ROCA) / Inland Revenue Department                           |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **BVI Company Number**                                                                             | Registry of Corporate Affairs (ROCA), British Virgin Islands Financial Services Commission |

*Tax ID:* The BVI levies no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or withholding tax on BVI Business Companies. For CRS/AEOI purposes, BVI does not issue TINs to offshore entities (confirmed by OECD CRS TIN guidance). Since 2023, the BVI Inland Revenue Department assigns domestic Tax Identifier Numbers via the SIGTAS 3.0 system (eregisterfortax.gov.vg) to persons and entities subject to domestic taxes (payroll tax, hotel accommodation tax, property tax). A BVI Business Company that employs staff in the BVI is required to register and obtain a domestic TIN; a purely offshore BC with no BVI-based employees or taxable domestic activity is not. The company registration number from ROCA remains the primary administrative identifier for offshore entities, and the GIIN applies to BVI financial institutions for FATCA/CRS reporting.

*Registration number:* Unique numeric identifier assigned by the Registrar of Corporate Affairs at incorporation under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (No. 16 of 2004). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all subsequent ROCA filings including the Memorandum and Articles of Association. ROCA operates the VIRRGIN (Virtual Integrated Registry and Regulatory General Information Network) platform for electronic filing. Numbers are sequential and currently in the 6–7 digit range.

## Sector regulators

`BVI Financial Services Commission (FSC)` · `Financial Investigation Agency (FIA / FIU)` · `International Tax Authority (ITA) — Economic Substance filings` · `Inland Revenue Department`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                       | Abbreviation   | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Business Company Limited by Shares               | Ltd.           | Incorporated under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised); the dominant and default BVI entity type; members' liability limited to the amount unpaid on their shares; no requirement for minimum share capital or stated par value; may have one or more directors and one or more shareholders (same individual may hold both roles); no public disclosure of members; designed primarily for offshore business. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                  |
| Business Company Limited by Guarantee            | —              | Incorporated under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised); no share capital; members undertake to contribute a fixed sum on winding up; used for non-profit, charitable, professional association, and joint-venture structures that do not require profit distribution. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                            |
| Business Company Limited by Shares and Guarantee | —              | A hybrid structure under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised); the company may both issue shares and require members to guarantee a fixed contribution on winding up; used where a venture requires both equity investors and guarantee members. Closest US equivalent: Hybrid/Dual-class Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Unlimited Company                                | —              | Incorporated under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised); members bear unlimited personal liability for the company's debts; rarely used in practice; available with or without share capital. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership-equivalent corporate entity.                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Restricted Purpose Company                       | RPC / SPV Ltd. | A sub-type of BVI Business Company under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised); must include '(SPV) Limited' or '(SPV) Ltd.' in its name; may be incorporated or continued only for limited, specified purposes (e.g., insolvency-remote securitisations, off-balance-sheet financing, structured finance); subject to additional restrictions on activities and objects. Closest US equivalent: Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) / Delaware statutory trust.                       |
| Segregated Portfolio Company                     | SPC            | A special category of BVI Business Company under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised) and the Segregated Portfolio Company Regulations, 2005; must include '(SPC)' in its name; may create separate portfolios whose assets and liabilities are ring-fenced from each other and from the general assets of the company; used for captive insurance, mutual funds, and multi-class investment vehicles. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                       |
| Limited Partnership                              | LP             | Formed under the Limited Partnership Act, 2017 (as revised); requires at least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution; may elect to have separate legal personality (default) or no separate personality; constituted by a limited partnership agreement; widely used for offshore private equity, venture capital, and real estate fund structures. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| General Partnership                              | —              | Two or more persons carrying on business together for profit under the Partnership Act (Cap. 152); not a separate legal entity from its partners; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; must register any business name other than the partners' own names with ROCA; less commonly used in practice than the LP or LLP. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                 |
| Sole Proprietorship                              | —              | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal entity from the owner; the owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business obligations; must register any trading name other than the proprietor's own name with ROCA under the Registration of Business Names Act (Cap. 153). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                         |
| Branch of Foreign Company                        | —              | A foreign corporation registered to carry on business in or from the BVI under Part XI of the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised); not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent, which remains fully liable; must maintain a registered agent in the BVI and file a copy of its memorandum and articles (or equivalent constitutional documents) with ROCA. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation Branch/Representative Office.                                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                     |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Limited Partnership Agreement                 |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Certificate of Tax Exemption · Certificate of Incorporation                            |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                  |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors *(optional: ROCA Registry Extract)*                                            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Registered Agent Confirmation Letter · Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                              | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Limited Partnership Agreement**                             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Tax Exemption**                              | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (as tax identifier evidence)** | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Register of Members**                                       | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Register of Directors**                                     | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **ROCA Company Registry Search Report**                       | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Resolution of Directors**                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Power of Attorney**                                         | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Registered Office / Agent Confirmation Letter**             | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Lease Agreement**                                           | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                               | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                              | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                   | FSC Banking Licence (General / Restricted Class I / Restricted Class II), FSC Investment Business Licence (SIBA), FSC Mutual Fund Licence / Recognition, FSC Insurance Licence, FSC VASP Registration Certificate |

**Not applicable in British Virgin Islands:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Registry of Corporate Affairs (ROCA) upon incorporation under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised); confirms the company name, BVI Company Number, date of incorporation, and that the company satisfied all statutory requirements. Available in certified (USD 75) and uncertified (USD 50) form. Since July 2014 certificates include a QR code / certificate ID for online validation via the BVI FSC website. Electronic and printed versions are both in use. Company incorporations are filed electronically through the VIRRGIN system.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with ROCA at incorporation under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised); constitutes the company's constitutional document setting out the company name, type (limited by shares / guarantee / unlimited), registered office, registered agent, objects (unrestricted unless limited), authorised shares, and articles governing internal management. The Memorandum and Articles are a combined document and may be amended by resolution filed with ROCA. For Limited Partnerships (LP Act, 2017), the constitutive document is a Limited Partnership Agreement (LPA) rather than M\&A. The document heading invariably reads 'TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS / BVI Business Companies Act, 2004' followed by 'MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION'.
* **Tax Registration:** The BVI imposes no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or withholding tax on BVI Business Companies. No TIN is issued for domestic tax purposes (OECD CRS confirmed). The Inland Revenue Department issues a Certificate of Tax Exemption (fee USD 200; valid 12 months; processing 3 business days) confirming exemption from income tax. For FATCA/CRS-reporting financial institutions, the GIIN (Global Intermediary Identification Number) issued by the US IRS is used. The BVI Company Number on the Certificate of Incorporation is the closest equivalent fiscal identifier in BOSS/VIRRGIN filings and is used for Economic Substance declarations filed with the International Tax Authority (ITA).
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific licences and registrations issued by the British Virgin Islands Financial Services Commission (FSC) under the relevant legislation. Key regulatory frameworks: Banks and Trust Companies Act, 1990 (Cap. 149) for banking, deposit-taking, and trust/fiduciary services (three licence classes: General Banking Licence, Restricted Class I Banking Licence, Restricted Class II Banking Licence); Securities and Investment Business Act, 2010 (SIBA) for investment business (licence categories: dealing, arranging, managing, advising, custody, administration, and operating an investment exchange); Mutual Funds Act, 1996 (Cap. 247) for open-ended mutual funds; Insurance Act, 2008 (as revised) for insurance companies and insurance intermediaries; Virtual Asset Service Providers Act, 2022 (in force 1 February 2023) for custody, exchange, transfer, and issuance of virtual assets (registration mandatory). Financial Investigation Agency (FIA) is the national Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) receiving SARs. AML supervision shared between FSC (for regulated entities) and FIA.
* **Governance Records:** Every BVI Business Company must maintain a Register of Directors at its registered agent's office. A copy of the Register of Directors must be filed with ROCA within 15 days of the appointment of the first director, and updated within 30 days of any subsequent change (BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 as revised, including 2023 and 2024 amendments). The filed register of directors is a private filing — accessible by competent authorities and law enforcement only; not publicly searchable. A company search report (ROCA Registry Extract) ordered through ROCA will include directors' details for a fee.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. Board resolutions (a Resolution of Directors under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 terminology) are the standard method by which a BVI company authorises a person to act on its behalf — adopted at a duly convened directors' meeting or by written resolution. A power of attorney executed by a BVI company must be executed in accordance with the company's articles (typically by a director or authorised officer) and, for cross-border use, may be notarised and apostilled by the competent authority in the BVI.
* **Address:** For BVI Business Companies, the registered address is invariably that of a licensed registered agent (legally required under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004). A confirmation letter from the licensed registered agent is the primary evidence of registered address for offshore entities. For operating address (if any physical presence), standard evidence is a lease agreement, utility bill, or bank statement not older than 90 days. Utility bills from the BVI Electricity Corporation (BVIEC) or water authority are the most common local utility issuers.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with executive authority over a BVI Business Company; named in the Register of Directors filed privately with ROCA. A BVI BC must have at least one director. Nominee directors provided by licensed corporate service providers are common market practice. |
| General Partner                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Partner in a BVI Limited Partnership (Limited Partnership Act, 2017) bearing unlimited personal liability for the partnership's debts; the controlling and managing party of the partnership; named in the registered statement filed with ROCA.                               |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by a Resolution of Directors (board resolution) or power of attorney to sign documents and transact on behalf of the BVI entity under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (as revised).                                                             |

## Notes

* The BVI is the world's largest offshore corporate domicile by number of registered entities. The vast majority of companies Conduit will encounter are BVI Business Companies Limited by Shares (abbreviated BC or BVI BC), incorporated under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (BCA). The terms 'IBC' (International Business Company) — used before 2004 — and 'BVI BC' are often used interchangeably in market practice; all post-2004 entities are technically 'BVI Business Companies'.
* Since 2 January 2025, BVI companies must also file their Register of Members and Register of Directors with ROCA (previously these were only maintained at the registered agent). Failure to file these registers — or to maintain the ROBO — now affects good standing status. Allow for these filings when assessing whether a company is in good standing.
* All BVI Business Companies must have a licensed registered agent in the BVI at all times. The registered office address is invariably that of the registered agent (e.g., Walkers, Ogier, Maples, Harneys, Conyers). Accept a registered agent confirmation letter as proof of registered address for offshore entities; do not require a separate physical premises address unless the company has actual BVI operations.
* Economic substance: The Economic Substance (Companies and Limited Partnerships) Act, 2018 (in force 1 January 2019) requires all BVI entities conducting 'relevant activities' (banking, insurance, fund management, finance and leasing, headquarters business, shipping, holding company, IP, distribution and service centre) to demonstrate economic substance in the BVI and file annual declarations with the International Tax Authority (ITA). Non-compliance risks ROCA notifying foreign tax authorities and potentially striking the company from the register.
* Payroll tax applies only if the company employs individuals in the BVI. Class 1 employers (≤7 employees, annual payroll ≤ USD 150,000, annual turnover ≤ USD 300,000) pay 10% of taxable remuneration (8% deducted from employee, 2% paid by employer). Class 2 employers (all others) pay 14% (8% employee, 6% employer). The first USD 10,000 of annual remuneration per employee is exempt.


# Brunei Darussalam
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/brunei

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Brunei Darussalam (BRN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                             |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                      |
| ISO 3166-1   | BN / BRN                                                                          |
| Registry     | Registry of Companies and Business Names (ROCBN), Ministry of Finance and Economy |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Brunei Darussalam and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                 | Issuer                 |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Registration / TIN** | Revenue Division, MoFE |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Tax Registration / TIN** | Revenue Division, MoFE |

*Tax ID:* Brunei does not issue a separate TIN certificate; the ROCBN registration number (RC/RFC prefix) functions as the corporate TIN for Income Tax filings.

*Registration number:* Brunei does not issue a separate TIN certificate; the ROCBN registration number (RC/RFC prefix) functions as the corporate TIN for Income Tax filings.

## Sector regulators

`BDCB` · `ROCBN`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Syarikat Sendirian Berhad (Private Company Limited by Shares) | Sdn Bhd      | Closely-held private company incorporated under Companies Act Cap. 39; separate legal personality; 1–50 shareholders; shares not freely transferable to the public. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                          |
| Syarikat Berhad (Public Company Limited by Shares)            | Bhd          | Public company incorporated under Companies Act Cap. 39; unlimited shareholders; may offer shares to the public and list on a securities exchange; subject to BDCB/securities regulation. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                             |
| Company Limited by Guarantee                                  | —            | Incorporated under Companies Act Cap. 39; no share capital; members' liability limited to a guaranteed amount; used for non-profits, associations, and professional bodies. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                            |
| General Partnership                                           | —            | Unincorporated association of 2–20 persons carrying on business in common; registered under the Business Names Act Cap. 92; all partners bear unlimited joint liability; no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP). |
| Limited Partnership                                           | LP           | Formed under the Limited Partnerships Order (Cap. 101); at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sole Proprietorship                                           | —            | Business owned and operated by a single natural person; registered under the Business Names Act Cap. 92; no separate legal personality and unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                     |
| Branch of Foreign Company                                     | —            | Registered presence of a foreign corporation under Companies Act Cap. 39 Part IX; not a separate legal entity; liabilities remain with the parent company; requires a locally resident agent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                 |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                     |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                             |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Tax Registration · Revenue Division Acknowledgment |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                              |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Tenancy Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                         |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**         | Legal Registration             |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents         |
| **Tax Registration**                     | Tax Registration               |
| **Revenue Division Acknowledgment**      | Tax Registration               |
| **Business Licence**                     | Operating Permit               |
| **Register of Members**                  | Ownership Records              |
| **Register of Directors**                | Governance Records             |
| **Board Resolution**                     | Signing Authority              |
| **Power of Attorney**                    | Signing Authority              |
| **Tenancy Agreement**                    | Address                        |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 hari)**              | Address                        |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 hari)**            | Address                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**              | BDCB Licence (sector-specific) |

**Not applicable in Brunei Darussalam:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by ROCBN; searchable via OCP (ocp.mofe.gov.bn). Foreign branches: Certificate of Registration of Foreign Company.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with ROCBN at incorporation; amendments require ROCBN filing. Both documents required.
* **Tax Registration:** No standalone TIN certificate; request a tax-registration confirmation letter from Revenue Division, MoFE. Registration number = TIN.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by ROCBN or relevant ministry depending on activity; required post-incorporation before commencing trade.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banking (Banking Order 2006), insurance (Insurance Order 2006), capital markets (Securities Markets Order 2013), takaful, and money-changing. Regulator: BDCB.
* **Ownership Records:** Register of Members (Cap. 39 s. 98): equity holders. Maintained at registered office; not publicly searchable via OCP.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained at registered office and filed with ROCBN; updated via OCP. Annual return reflects current directors.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising signatory or POA (notarised if issued overseas); standard for executing agreements and account openings.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director (pengarah)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day executive authority; at least one must be ordinarily resident in Brunei. |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of board-authorised signatory power or notarised POA to bind the company.                           |

## Notes

* No separate TIN certificate: Brunei does not issue a distinct tax identification certificate; the ROCBN registration number doubles as the TIN. Collect a Revenue Division acknowledgment letter and confirm the number format (RC/RFC prefix).
* IBC regime is defunct: The International Business Companies Order 2000 regime was wound down; all IBCs were required to migrate or dissolve by 30 June 2018. Do not accept IBC certificates as evidence of current good standing.
* BDCB renamed in 2021: Autoriti Monetari Brunei Darussalam (AMBD) became Brunei Darussalam Central Bank (BDCB) on 2021-06-27 (Order in force date). Regulatory licences and correspondence pre-2021 may carry the AMBD name — treat as equivalent.


# Bulgaria
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/bulgaria

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Bulgaria (BGR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value           |
| ------------ | --------------- |
| Region       | Europe          |
| ISO 3166-1   | BG / BGR        |
| Registry     | Registry Agency |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Bulgaria and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name    | Issuer          |
| ------------------------------- | ------------- | --------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **ЕИК / UIC** | Registry Agency |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **ЕИК / UIC** | Registry Agency |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit code for legal entities; also serves as tax/BULSTAT ID. VAT number = "BG" + UIC (9 digits for legal entities; 10 digits for non-residents/natural persons). Branches receive 13-digit derivative.

*Registration number:* 9-digit code for legal entities; also serves as tax/BULSTAT ID. VAT number = "BG" + UIC (9 digits for legal entities; 10 digits for non-residents/natural persons). Branches receive 13-digit derivative.

## Sector regulators

`BNB` · `FSC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Дружество с ограничена отговорност           | ООД          | Multi-member limited liability company; minimum capital BGN 2 (\~EUR 1); managed by one or more managers. Most common entity form in Bulgaria. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                          |
| Еднолично дружество с ограничена отговорност | ЕООД         | Single-member limited liability company; same capital and governance rules as OOD. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                                                                                                        |
| Дружество с променлив капитал                | ДПК          | Variable Capital Company; introduced August 2023, registrations open December 2024; capped at 50 employees and BGN 4M turnover/assets. Used for startup and VC-backed entities. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                         |
| Акционерно дружество                         | АД           | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum capital BGN 50,000 (\~EUR 25,565); one-tier or two-tier governance. Can raise public equity. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                        |
| Еднолично акционерно дружество               | ЕАД          | Single-shareholder joint-stock company; same capital and governance rules as AD. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Събирателно дружество                        | СД           | General partnership; two or more partners bearing unlimited joint and several liability for company obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                                                                                    |
| Командитно дружество                         | КД           | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one limited partner whose liability is capped at contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                                                                                       |
| Командитно дружество с акции                 | КДА          | Partnership limited by shares; hybrid form combining features of limited partnership and joint-stock company — at least one unlimited-liability general partner and share-capital limited partners. Requires minimum four founders. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership. |
| Едноличен търговец                           | ЕТ           | Sole trader registered in the Commercial Register; no separate legal personality from the owner; unlimited personal liability for business obligations. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                                                             |
| Кооперация                                   | —            | Cooperative society registered under the Cooperatives Act; open membership with variable capital; profits and governance distributed among members. Minimum seven members required. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                         |
| Клон на чуждестранен търговец                | —            | Branch of a foreign merchant registered in the Bulgarian Commercial Register; not a separate legal entity — foreign parent bears unlimited liability for branch obligations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Удостоверение за вписване                                                       |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Дружествен договор · Учредителен акт · Устав                      |
| Tax Registration       | Удостоверение за регистрация по ЗДДС                                            |
| Governance Records     | Удостоверение за вписване                                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Нотариално заверено пълномощно · Решение на ОСС · Решение на ОСС  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Договор за наем · Сметка за комунални услуги · Банково извлечение |
| Good Standing          | Удостоверение за актуално състояние                                             |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                            | Proves                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Удостоверение за вписване (EPZEU current-state extract)**         | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                  |
| **Дружествен договор (OOD / KD / SD)**                              | Constitutive Documents                                                                  |
| **Учредителен акт (EOOD / EAD)**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                  |
| **Устав (AD)**                                                      | Constitutive Documents                                                                  |
| **Удостоверение за регистрация по ЗДДС (VAT certificate)**          | Tax Registration                                                                        |
| **Нотариално заверено пълномощно (notarised POA)**                  | Signing Authority                                                                       |
| **Решение на ОСС (general meeting resolution)**                     | Signing Authority                                                                       |
| **Решение на ОСС / СД (GMS or board resolution)**                   | Signing Authority                                                                       |
| **Договор за наем**                                                 | Address                                                                                 |
| **Сметка за комунални услуги (≤90 дни)**                            | Address                                                                                 |
| **Банково извлечение (≤90 дни)**                                    | Address                                                                                 |
| **Удостоверение за актуално състояние (Current-State Certificate)** | Good Standing                                                                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                         | БНБ лиценз (BNB — banking, payments, e-money), КФН лиценз (FSC — securities, insurance) |

**Not applicable in Bulgaria:** Operating Permit, Ownership Records. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Free public search at portal.registryagency.bg; certified extract available for fee.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with and retrievable from EPZEU; no notarisation required for OOD/EOOD.
* **Tax Registration:** NRA issues VAT certificate; UIC doubles as corporate income-tax identifier — no separate CIT certificate.
* **Sector-Specific License:** BNB for banks/payment institutions; FSC for investment firms, insurers, pension funds, and crypto-asset service providers.
* **Governance Records:** Extract lists all current managers and their representation authority (joint or several).
* **Signing Authority:** POA must be notarised; foreign POAs require apostille (Bulgaria is a member of the Hague Apostille Convention).
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Registry Agency under the Ministry of Justice via the EPZEU portal. Reflects only data currently in force (name, ЕИК, seat, management, capital, status). Standard instrument requested by banks, notaries and counterparties. Request within 30 days of submission. Does not reflect outstanding tax liabilities — those are confirmed separately by NRA.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                 |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Управител (OOD/EOOD manager)                                    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Appointed manager with authority to legally bind the company.               |
| Изпълнителен директор (AD executive director)                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive board member with day-to-day management authority.                |
| Член на Съвет на директорите (AD one-tier board member)         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance board member; non-executive unless appointed executive director. |
| Член на Надзорен съвет (AD supervisory board member)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member in two-tier structure; no management role.         |
| Член на Управителен съвет (AD two-tier management board member) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Management board member in two-tier structure; day-to-day authority.        |
| Прокурист (commercial proxy)                                    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Registered proxy with general commercial-act authority to bind the company. |

## Notes

* Single identifier: The UIC (ЕИК) is both the registration number and the corporate tax ID — there is no separate tax-registration certificate for corporate income tax. The VAT certificate (ЗДДС) is a distinct document issued only upon VAT registration.
* OOD without notarisation: Articles of Association for OOD/EOOD do not require notarial certification; this contrasts with many EU peers and can catch integrators expecting notarised founding docs.
* Euro conversion: Bulgaria adopted the euro on 2026-01-01 (BGN 1.95583 = EUR 1).
* New entity type: The Variable Capital Company (Дружество с променлив капитал / ДПК) legal framework entered into force 2023-08-05; registrations became possible 2024-12-15. May appear for startup/VC-backed entities.


# Burkina Faso
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/burkina-faso

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Burkina Faso (BFA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                              |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | BF / BFA                                           |
| Registry     | RCCM — Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce, Ouagadougou |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Burkina Faso and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                             |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **IFU**         | DGI (Direction Générale des Impôts)                |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | RCCM — Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce, Ouagadougou |

*Tax ID:* Alphanumeric: 8 digits + 1 letter; permanent and unique; required for banking, customs, and contracting. Issued via CEFORE at incorporation.

*Registration number:* OHADA registration number; searchable via eFN RCCM portal (fichiernationalrccm.bf, launched 2023-12-28).

## Sector regulators

`BCEAO` · `WAEMU Banking Commission` · `CIMA/CRCA` · `AMF-UMOA` · `CENTIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | 1+ associés; liability limited to contribution; min. capital FCFA 5,000 (Décret 2016-314). Most common SME vehicle under AUSCGIE 2014. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                  |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company with separate legal personality; min. capital FCFA 10,000,000 (FCFA 100,000,000 if publicly listed); governed by a board of 3–12 administrateurs. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                          |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Simplified joint-stock company; share-based capital with flexible governance freely defined in bylaws; no min. capital; single-shareholder variant SASU under AUSCGIE 2014. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                      |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership; all associés are merchants bearing joint and unlimited liability for company debts; registered at RCCM under AUSCGIE 2014. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                         |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership combining commandité (general) partners with unlimited joint liability and commanditaire (silent) partners liable only to contributions; capital divided into parts sociales under AUSCGIE 2014. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.    |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | EI           | Individual merchant registered at RCCM as a natural person exercising a commercial activity; no separate legal personality; full personal liability. Standard sole-trader track under OHADA distinct from Entreprenant. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Entreprenant                     | —            | Individual micro-entrepreneur making a simple declaration at RCCM without full registration; subject to turnover thresholds under AUSCGIE 2014 arts. 30 et seq.; no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship (informal/micro track).  |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest grouping auxiliary to members' existing commercial activities; registered at RCCM under AUSCGIE 2014; members bear joint and unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                         |
| Société Coopérative              | —            | Cooperative society governed by OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (AUSCOOP 2010); member-owned, purpose is to serve members' mutual interests rather than generate investor returns; registered at RCCM. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                              |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts notariés                                                          |
| Tax Registration       | Certificat IFU                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Patente municipale · Autorisation d'exercer                 |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actionnaires |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Statuts + PV d'AG                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire     |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                                           |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| **Extrait RCCM**                    | Legal Registration                               |
| **Statuts notariés**                | Constitutive Documents                           |
| **Certificat IFU**                  | Tax Registration                                 |
| **Patente municipale**              | Operating Permit                                 |
| **Autorisation d'exercer**          | Operating Permit                                 |
| **Statuts**                         | Ownership Records, Governance Records            |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**    | Ownership Records                                |
| **Registre des Actionnaires (SA)**  | Ownership Records                                |
| **PV d'AG**                         | Governance Records                               |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale**         | Signing Authority                                |
| **Procuration notariée**            | Signing Authority                                |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                                          |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                                          |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**         | Agrément BCEAO, Agrément CIMA, Agrément AMF-UMOA |

**Not applicable in Burkina Faso:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce via CEFORE/MEBF; eFN RCCM digital extract available since 2023-12-28.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised constitutive act required for SARL and SA (AUSCGIE 2014); SAS bylaws also notarised in practice.
* **Tax Registration:** Alphanumeric identifier (8 digits + 1 letter) issued by DGI; obtained concurrently with RCCM at CEFORE.
* **Operating Permit:** Municipal trade licence; obtained from local mairie; separate health/safety permits for regulated activities.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banking: WAEMU Banking Commission agrément. Insurance: CIMA Code Art. 326 licence (Direction des Assurances). Capital markets: AMF-UMOA (formerly CREPMF).
* **Governance Records:** Directors/gérants named in statuts; changes filed with RCCM.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution (PV d'AG) or notarised power of attorney for signatories.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                            |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages and legally represents the SARL.                               |
| Président (SAS)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole mandatory officer of the SAS; broad operational authority.        |
| Administrateur Général                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole-director variant for smaller SA under AUSCGIE 2014.               |
| Directeur Général                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational CEO of an SA under board governance.                       |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chairs the SA board; governance role.                                  |
| Administrateur                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the SA Conseil d'Administration.                             |
| Mandataire                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised power of attorney to act on behalf of the company. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ---------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital status, matrimonial regime, and spouse name for associés/actionnaires due to community-property (régime matrimonial) considerations under AUSCGIE 2014. |

## Notes

* Burkina Faso is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH status table, 31 décembre 2025); foreign public documents require full legalisation chain (Ministry of Foreign Affairs + embassy).
* ECOWAS withdrawal (effective 29 janvier 2025) does not affect OHADA membership or AUSCGIE applicability; WAEMU/UEMOA monetary and AML frameworks (BCEAO, AMF-UMOA) also remain in effect.
* AES common-currency discussions (replacing CFA franc) are ongoing as of 2026-05-06 but no currency transition has taken effect; FCFA remains legal tender. Monitor for impact on financial regulatory alignment.


# Cabo Verde
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/cabo-verde

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Cabo Verde (CPV) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                      |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Africa                                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | CV / CPV                                   |
| Registry     | DGRNI (Conservatória do Registo Comercial) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Cabo Verde and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF (Número de Identificação Fiscal)** | DNRE (Ministry of Finance)                 |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número do Registo Comercial**          | DGRNI (Conservatória do Registo Comercial) |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit number; companies begin with "2". Issued same-day via Empresa no Dia.

*Registration number:* Assigned at registration; appears on the Certidão do Registo Comercial.

## Sector regulators

`BCV` · `UIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| --------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedade por Quotas  | Lda.         | Quota-based limited-liability company; the standard SME vehicle; managed by one or more gerentes; no minimum capital since the 2019 reform. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                           |
| Sociedade Anónima     | SA           | Joint-stock company with transferable shares and separate legal personality; minimum share capital required; suited for larger capital investments and institutional shareholders. Equivalent to a US C-Corp. |
| Sociedade Cooperativa | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by specific cooperative legislation; profits distributed according to member participation rather than capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.            |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certidão do Registo Comercial                                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Estatutos · Pacto Social                                         |
| Tax Registration       | Cartão NIF                                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Alvará de Actividade                                                           |
| Ownership Records      | Estatutos                                                                      |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Estatutos + Acta de Nomeação                                   |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Acta da Assembleia Geral · Procuração Notarial                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                  | Proves                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certidão do Registo Comercial (DGRNI)** | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Estatutos**                             | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Pacto Social**                          | Constitutive Documents                                        |
| **Cartão NIF**                            | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Alvará de Actividade**                  | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Acta de Nomeação**                      | Governance Records                                            |
| **Acta da Assembleia Geral**              | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Procuração Notarial**                   | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrato de Arrendamento**              | Address                                                       |
| **Recibo de Serviços (≤90 dias)**         | Address                                                       |
| **Extrato Bancário (≤90 dias)**           | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**               | Licença BCV                                                   |

**Not applicable in Cabo Verde:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued same-day via Empresa no Dia at Casa do Cidadão; evidences legal existence and registration number.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Private document for Lda; public deed (escritura pública) required if contributions are in kind.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DNRE; bundled with commercial registration via Empresa no Dia.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Câmara Municipal for retail/general trade; sector-specific variants issued by line ministries.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banking, insurance, capital markets, microfinance, and payment services — all supervised by BCV.
* **Ownership Records:** Estatutos record the initial quota / share distribution and name founding gerentes; post-formation ownership changes are recorded via Acta de Cessão de Quotas filed at DGRNI.
* **Governance Records:** Estatutos name founding gerentes/administradores; subsequent changes filed via Acta de Nomeação at DGRNI.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution (Acta) for corporate signatories; notarised power of attorney (Procuração) for external representatives.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                            |
| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gerente                                 | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Appointed manager of Lda; legally represents company to third parties. |
| Administrador                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director in SA; day-to-day management authority.             |
| Presidente do Conselho de Administração | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the SA board; governance not operational.                     |
| Mandatário / Procurador                 | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised Procuração; authorised to act on company's behalf. |

## Notes

* Cabo Verde is not OHADA; its company law is Portuguese-origin, now fully replaced by the 2019 Código das Sociedades Comerciais (Decreto-Legislativo nº 2/2019, in force 22 October 2019) — do not apply OHADA SARL/SA templates.
* Bearer shares were abolished by the 2019 code; all shares must be nominative. Pre-2019 bearer shares were required to convert to nominative by 22 January 2021 (Miranda Advogados, October 2019 alert).
* Apostille is available: Cabo Verde acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention (accession 7-V-2009, in force 13-II-2010 per HCCH status table).
* The Empresa no Dia one-stop service (Casa do Cidadão counters, run by DGRNI) issues the commercial certificate, NIF, and INPS registration simultaneously for eligible structures; this compressed timeline is the default.


# Cambodia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/cambodia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Cambodia (KHM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                   |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | KH / KHM                                |
| Registry     | MOC Department of Business Registration |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                              |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Cambodia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                      | Issuer                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **VAT Registration Number / Patent Tax Number** | GDT                                     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Commercial Registration Number**              | MOC Department of Business Registration |

*Tax ID:* Two distinct GDT certificates: Patent Tax Certificate (annual, all businesses) and VAT Certificate (threshold-based). Patent tax number used as primary business tax ID.

*Registration number:* Numeric; appears on Certificate of Incorporation and MOC online profile. Also called "Registration Number."

## Sector regulators

`NBC` · `SERC` · `IRC` · `CAFIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation            | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Limited Company               | Co., Ltd.               | Closely-held company with 2–30 shareholders; limited liability; shares not freely transferable to the public; the standard SME incorporation vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                            |
| Single-Member Private Limited Company | Single-Member Co., Ltd. | One-shareholder variant of the private limited company; same limited-liability rules; 100% foreign ownership permitted. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                                    |
| Public Limited Company                | Plc.                    | May issue securities to the public; requires ≥3 directors; subject to SERC oversight if listed on the Cambodia Securities Exchange. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                       |
| General Partnership                   | —                       | Two or more partners with joint and several unlimited liability for partnership obligations; governed by the Law on Commercial Enterprises 2005. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                            |
| Limited Partnership                   | —                       | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution; governed by the Law on Commercial Enterprises 2005. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sole Proprietorship                   | —                       | A single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade name (សហគ្រាសបុគ្គល); no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                        |
| Branch of Foreign Company             | Branch                  | Registered extension of a foreign parent that can trade goods and services locally; no separate legal personality; liabilities are obligations of the parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                  |
| Representative Office                 | Rep. Office             | Liaison and promotional presence of a foreign entity; cannot trade, sell, or invoice; no separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                              |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                    |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Patent Tax Certificate + VAT Certificate                  |
| Operating Permit       | Location Approval Letter                                                  |
| Ownership Records      | Internal Share Register                                                   |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation extract + MOC online profile |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* កិច្ចសន្យាជួល · វិក្កយបត្រសេវាសាធារណៈ · របាយការណ៍ធនាគារ     |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                              |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                               | Proves                                                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (MOC)**                 | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                  |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                              |
| **Patent Tax Certificate**                             | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                    |
| **VAT Certificate (GDT)**                              | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                    |
| **Location Approval Letter (municipality or Sangkat)** | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                    |
| **Internal Share Register**                            | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                   |
| **Certificate of Incorporation extract**               | Governance Records                                                                                                                                  |
| **MOC online profile**                                 | Governance Records                                                                                                                                  |
| **Board Resolution**                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                   |
| **កិច្ចសន្យាជួល**                                      | Address                                                                                                                                             |
| **វិក្កយបត្រសេវាសាធារណៈ (ក្នុងរយៈពេល 90 ថ្ងៃ)**        | Address                                                                                                                                             |
| **របាយការណ៍ធនាគារ (ក្នុងរយៈពេល 90 ថ្ងៃ)**              | Address                                                                                                                                             |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (MOC)**                 | Good Standing                                                                                                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                            | NBC licence (banks, MFIs, payment institutions, crypto), SERC licence (securities dealer, digital asset exchange), IRC licence (insurer, reinsurer) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloaded electronically from MOC portal (QR-code verified); bilingual Khmer/English.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with MOC at incorporation; Khmer language version is controlling; English translation accepted for KYB.
* **Tax Registration:** Collect both: Patent Tax Certificate confirms general business tax registration; VAT Certificate confirms VAT status. Annual Patent Tax renewal due 31 March.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Phnom Penh Municipality or relevant provincial/Sangkat authority; confirms premises registration. No single national operating licence equivalent.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated-sector customers; confirm applicable prakas (regulatory instrument) number.
* **Governance Records:** Current directors listed on the MOC extract; confirm via CamDX portal.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution is standard; notarized POA for external parties. Cambodia is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention — foreign documents require full embassy/consular legalisation chain.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** MOC issues a distinct Certificate of Good Standing via the CamDX portal (businessregistration.moc.gov.kh); typically accepted as valid for 6 months from issue date.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                     | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director (នាយក)                                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage company affairs; private Co., Ltd. requires ≥1; executive day-to-day authority. |
| Chairman of Board                              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Elected by board from among directors; governance role.                                             |
| Managing Director                              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director delegated operational management authority; common in practice.                            |
| Authorised Representative (Branch/Rep. Office) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Resident person legally responsible for a foreign branch or representative office.                  |
| POA Holder                                     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized power of attorney; binds the company vis-à-vis third parties.                   |

## Notes

* Cambodia is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention; legalisation of foreign documents requires the full chain (notarisation → home-country competent authority → Cambodian embassy/consulate). Factor in material lead time.
* The Patent Tax Certificate must be renewed annually by 31 March; an expired certificate is a common KYB red flag for non-compliant businesses — check issue/renewal date on the certificate.
* MOC certificates are issued as electronic documents with QR codes via CamDX; accept digital copies (legally valid under Cambodian e-government framework) but verify QR code authenticates to the MOC portal.


# Cameroon
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/cameroon

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Cameroon (CMR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                  |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                 |
| ISO 3166-1   | CM / CMR                               |
| Registry     | [RCCM (CFCE)](https://rccm.ohada.org/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                             |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Cameroon and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                                           |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIU**         | DGI Cameroon                                                     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | CFCE (Centre de Formalités de Création des Entreprises) / Greffe |

*Tax ID:* Numéro d'Identifiant Unique issued by DGI.

*Registration number:* OHADA Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier number issued via CFCE.

## Sector regulators

`BEAC` · `COSUMAF` · `COBAC` · `ANIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company with a board of directors; minimum capital FCFA 10,000,000 (non-listed) or FCFA 100,000,000 (public offering) under OHADA AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                               |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Flexible share-capital company governed by OHADA AUSCGIE Art. 853-1 et seq.; shareholders hold actions and governance rules are freely set in the bylaws. No minimum capital required. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Most common entity for SMEs; associates hold parts sociales and liability is capped at their contributions. Minimum capital FCFA 100,000 under OHADA AUSCGIE. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                 |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners are deemed merchants and bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts under OHADA AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                      |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership with two classes of partners: general partners (unlimited liability) and limited partners (liability capped at contribution) under OHADA AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.     |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | EI           | Sole trader operating under their own name; registered at the RCCM but no separate legal personality. The entrepreneur bears unlimited personal liability for business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest group formed by two or more persons to facilitate members' economic activities; auxiliary and non-profit in purpose under OHADA AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: Statutory Cooperative.              |
| Société Coopérative              | —            | Cooperative society governed by the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (AUSCOOP); member-owned, operates for member benefit. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                              |
| Société Civile                   | SC           | Civil-law non-commercial company used for professional practices, real estate holding, or agriculture; not subject to OHADA commercial company rules. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                |
| Succursale                       | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered at the RCCM via the CFCE; no separate legal personality — the parent company bears all obligations. Closest US equivalent: Branch.                                             |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                     |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                              |
| Tax Registration       | NIU Certificate                                                      |
| Operating Permit       | Patente                                                              |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'AG · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration       |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Bail · Quittance (ENEO / CAMWATER) · Relevé bancaire   |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                    | Proves                                                           |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM (CFCE)**                     | Legal Registration, Governance Records                           |
| **Statuts (marital info req.)**             | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records    |
| **NIU Certificate**                         | Tax Registration                                                 |
| **Patente**                                 | Operating Permit                                                 |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**            | Ownership Records                                                |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**               | Ownership Records                                                |
| **PV de nomination**                        | Governance Records                                               |
| **PV d'AG**                                 | Signing Authority                                                |
| **Résolution du Conseil**                   | Signing Authority                                                |
| **Bail**                                    | Address                                                          |
| **Quittance (ENEO / CAMWATER) (≤90 jours)** | Address                                                          |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**             | Address                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                 | BEAC, COSUMAF, COBAC — Commission Bancaire de l'Afrique Centrale |

**Not applicable in Cameroon:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** Structure is Statuts + (Registre des Associés \[SARL] OR Registre des Actions \[SA]). The applicable share register depends on entity legal form.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement (utility/bank dated within 90 days). Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role        | Canonical API role     | Description                             |
| ----------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Gérant            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages the SARL. Legal representative. |
| Président         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the SAS.                          |
| Directeur Général | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management in an SA.         |
| Administrateur    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board in an SA.           |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                               |
| ---------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital information for founders/shareholders. |

## Notes

* OHADA member; CEMAC zone — uses BEAC + COSUMAF.


# Canada
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/canada

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Canada (CAN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                     |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | United States & Canada                                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | CA / CAN                                                  |
| Registry     | Corporations Canada (federal CBCA) or provincial registry |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Canada and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name               | Issuer                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Business Number (BN)** | Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)                               |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Corporation Number**   | Corporations Canada (federal CBCA) or provincial registry |

*Tax ID:* Business Number (9-digit base) + program-account suffix (e.g. RC0001 corporate income tax, RT0001 GST/HST).

*Registration number:* Federal CBCA assigns a 7-digit Corporation Number. Provincial corporations have province-specific formats: Ontario OBR (7-digit), BC Incorporation Number (BC + 7-char alphanumeric), Quebec NEQ (10-digit). Enter the number exactly as your registry issued it.

## Sector regulators

`OSFI` · `FCAC` · `FINTRAC` · `CIRO` · `CSA + provincial securities commissions` · `Bank of Canada` · `Provincial credit-union regulators (FSRA, BCFSA, AMF QC, ARCU AB)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Federal Corporation (Canada Business Corporations Act) | CBCA Corp.   | Incorporated with Corporations Canada under the CBCA; nationwide name protection; must register extra-provincially in each province of operation. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                    |
| Provincial Corporation                                 | —            | Business corporation incorporated under a provincial statute (OBCA — Ontario, BCBCA — BC, ABCA — Alberta, QBCA — Quebec, or equivalent in other provinces); separate legal personality with share capital. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                           |
| Unlimited Liability Corporation                        | ULC          | Share-capital corporation available in BC, Alberta, and Nova Scotia in which shareholders bear unlimited personal liability; used almost exclusively by US parents for check-the-box flow-through tax treatment. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp with pass-through tax election.                  |
| Not-for-Profit Corporation                             | NFP Corp.    | Federal (CNCA) or provincial non-share-capital corporation incorporated for purposes other than financial gain; members rather than shareholders. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)-type).                                                                                    |
| Benefit Company                                        | —            | For-profit share-capital company (available in BC under the BCBCA) legally required to pursue one or more public benefits in addition to profit; directors have dual accountability to shareholders and stated public benefit. Closest US equivalent: Public Benefit Corporation.               |
| Limited Partnership                                    | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability and management authority plus one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution; registered provincially. Common for private equity, real estate, and fund structures. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership. |
| Limited Liability Partnership                          | LLP          | Partnership in which each partner's liability for other partners' negligence or misconduct is limited; available without restriction in Ontario and BC, and restricted to regulated professions in Alberta and most other provinces. Equivalent to a US Limited Liability Partnership.          |
| General Partnership                                    | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together with all partners bearing unlimited joint and several liability; registration requirements vary by province. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                          |
| Sole Proprietorship                                    | —            | A single individual carrying on business under their own name or a registered trade/business name (e.g., Ontario Business Name Registration); no separate legal entity, owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                       |
| Cooperative                                            | Co-op        | Member-owned and controlled incorporated association under the federal Canada Cooperatives Act or provincial cooperatives legislation; profits or services distributed to members on a patronage basis rather than to shareholders. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                             |
| Community Contribution Company                         | CCC          | BC-only hybrid entity under the BCBCA required to direct at least 60% of profits and assets to a stated community purpose; can pay limited dividends to investors. Closest US equivalent: Public Benefit Corporation.                                                                           |
| Extra-Provincial Registration                          | EP Reg.      | The registration of a federal or out-of-province corporation (or other entity) in a province where it intends to carry on business; not a separate legal form but the registered presence that a fintech will encounter on KYB filings. Equivalent to a US Branch or Rep Office.                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Corporate Profile Report                                                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation                                                                                                                         |
| Tax Registration       | CRA Business Number Confirmation (RC0001 / RT0001)                                                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Municipal Business Licence · Extra-Provincial Registration Certificate                                                              |
| Governance Records     | CBCA Form 2 — Initial Registered Office and First Directors                                                                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Directors Resolution · Officer Certificate · Power of Attorney                                                                      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                                                     |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificate of Compliance · Certificate of Status · Certificate of Good Standing · Certificat d'attestation · Certificate of Status |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                              | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (Corporations Canada — CBCA, or provincial registry)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Corporate Profile Report (provincial registry extract)**                            | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Articles of Incorporation (federal Form 1 / provincial equivalents)**               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **CRA Business Number Confirmation (RC0001 / RT0001)**                                | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Municipal Business Licence**                                                        | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Extra-Provincial Registration Certificate**                                         | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **CBCA Form 2 — Initial Registered Office and First Directors**                       | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Directors Resolution**                                                              | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Officer Certificate**                                                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Power of Attorney**                                                                 | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                                   | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                                       | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                                     | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Certificate of Compliance (Corporations Canada — federal CBCA)**                    | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Certificate of Status (Ontario Business Registry)**                                 | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (BC Registries)**                                      | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Certificat d'attestation / Certificate of Attestation (REQ — Quebec)**              | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Certificate of Status (Alberta Corporate Registry)**                                | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                           | OSFI Registration, FINTRAC Money Services Business Registration, Bank of Canada Retail Payment Activities Act Registration, CIRO (Canadian Investment Regulatory Organization) Dealer Registration, CSA (Canadian Securities Administrators) Provincial Securities Registration, Ontario Securities Commission Registration, BC Securities Commission Registration, Alberta Securities Commission Registration, Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF QC) Registration, AMF QC Money Services Business License (separate from FINTRAC) |

**Not applicable in Canada:** Ownership Records. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Operating Permit:** Extra-provincial registration required only when the entity operates in a province other than its formation jurisdiction.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect only the license(s) applicable to the entity's regulated activities and operating jurisdiction. Federal (OSFI, FINTRAC, BoC/RPAA, CIRO) and provincial securities (OSC/BCSC/ASC/AMF QC) are mutually exclusive based on scope. AMF QC MSB license is a distinct Quebec provincial requirement separate from the federal FINTRAC MSB registration — both may apply to a Quebec-based MSB.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Federal CBCA corporations: Certificate of Compliance from Corporations Canada. Provincial: Certificate of Status (Ontario OBR), Certificate of Good Standing (BC Registries), Certificate of Status (Alberta Corporate Registry via registry agents), Certificat d'attestation (REQ — Quebec; bilingual). Quebec certificate valid 90 days from issue date. Order fresh; document confirms current active and compliant status, not merely that the entity was registered.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                               | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member elected by shareholders; governs corporation; under CBCA s.105(3) ≥25% must be resident Canadians (still in force federally).          |
| Officer (President, CEO, CFO, Secretary) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed by the board; day-to-day operational authority; not typically in publicly filed documents.                                                |
| Authorized Signatory                     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person designated by board resolution or bylaws to execute contracts or bind the corporation; evidenced by board resolution or officer certificate. |

## Notes

* CBCA section range for ISC is ss. 21.1–21.4 (with decimal subsections). Do not cite "ss. 21.1–21.9" — section 21.9 does not exist in the Act; the provisions end at 21.4 with decimal expansions (21.21, 21.301–21.303, 21.31–21.32).
* Canada is a Hague Apostille Convention party (accession 2023-05-12; in force 2024-01-11). Documents destined for Apostille-accepting jurisdictions no longer require full legalisation — but verify the receiving country's status independently.
* CBCA director-residency rule still in force. Under s.105(3), ≥25% of directors must be resident Canadians (or, for boards \<4, at least one). Most provinces have removed their equivalent (Ontario eliminated 2021-07-05; QC, BC, AB have no residency requirement) — verify the governing statute for each counterparty.
* ULCs flag a US-parent structure. Available only in BC, Alberta, NS. Used for "check-the-box" flow-through US tax treatment. Article IV(7)(b) of the Canada–US Tax Treaty adds complexity — flag for tax/legal review.
* MSB licensing: federal FINTRAC + Quebec AMF separately. A FINTRAC-registered MSB is not automatically licensed to operate in Quebec; the AMF process is materially more involved. Verify both registrations for any Quebec-facing MSB counterparty.


# Cayman Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/cayman-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Cayman Islands (CYM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                         |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                 |
| ISO 3166-1   | KY / CYM                                                      |
| Registry     | [Cayman Islands General Registry](https://www.ciregistry.ky/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Cayman Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                        | Issuer                          |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Company Registration Number (no separate TIN)** | Cayman Islands General Registry |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**                   | Cayman Islands General Registry |

*Tax ID:* The Cayman Islands levies no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or withholding tax; it does not issue TINs for domestic tax purposes (confirmed by OECD CRS TIN guidance). The company registration number assigned by the General Registry at formation serves as the primary fiscal/administrative identifier and appears on the Certificate of Incorporation, annual returns, and DITC economic substance filings. Companies with FATCA/CRS reporting obligations use the GIIN (Global Intermediary Identification Number) issued by the US IRS or the Cayman Tax Information Authority reference.

*Registration number:* Unique alphanumeric identifier assigned by the Registrar at incorporation under the Companies Act (as revised). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation in the upper left corner and on all subsequent registry filings. No fixed public format specification; appears as a sequence of digits, sometimes prefixed to denote entity type (e.g., LP for limited partnerships).

## Sector regulators

`CIMA (Cayman Islands Monetary Authority)` · `DCI (Department of Commerce and Investment)` · `FRA (Financial Reporting Authority / FIU)` · `DITC (Department for International Tax Co-operation)` · `SEZA (Special Economic Zone Authority)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Exempted Company                       | —            | Incorporated under Part VII of the Companies Act (as revised); must conduct operations mainly outside the Cayman Islands or hold a licence to carry on local business; no requirement to hold AGMs locally or maintain a public register of members; may issue shares of any class, with or without par value, in any currency; files an annual return with the General Registry each January. The dominant offshore corporate vehicle and the default structure Conduit will encounter. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                          |
| Exempted Company Limited by Guarantee  | —            | An exempted company in which members guarantee a nominal sum on winding up rather than holding shares; used for charities, foundations, joint ventures, and non-profit structures operating primarily offshore. Governed by the Companies Act (as revised) Part VII. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Special Economic Zone Company          | SEZC         | A sub-type of exempted company licensed under Part VIIIA of the Companies Act (as revised) and the Special Economic Zones Act; must include 'SEZC' in its name; operates physically within a Cayman Special Economic Zone (e.g., Cayman Enterprise City); subject to licensing and due-diligence screening by the Special Economic Zone Authority (SEZA). Permitted to trade within the SEZ but not with companies in the Cayman Islands outside the SEZ. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                         |
| Resident Company                       | Ltd.         | Incorporated under Part I–VI of the Companies Act (as revised); carries on business within the Cayman Islands; must maintain a register of members open to public inspection; requires a Trade and Business Licence from the Department of Commerce and Investment (DCI); subject to Caymanian ownership requirements (60% local shareholding) under the Local Companies (Control) Law. The standard domestic trading vehicle for locally-operating businesses. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                   |
| Non-Resident Company                   | —            | An alternative to the exempted company under the Companies Act (as revised); must maintain a register of members but is not required to conduct business offshore; less commonly used than the exempted company for international structures. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Limited Liability Company              | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Companies Act (as revised); separate legal entity; members' liability limited to their agreed contributions; manager-managed or member-managed; no share capital concept — membership interests are used instead; designed for offshore activities; popular for fund and joint-venture structures requiring US-style LLC treatment. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Foundation Company                     | —            | Incorporated under the Foundation Companies Act 2017 (Law 29 of 2017) within the broader Companies Act framework; a hybrid vehicle blending corporate and civil-law foundation features; need not have members and cannot distribute profits; governed by a board of directors with fiduciary duties; must appoint a licensed company secretary at all times; optional 'supervisor' role when memberless; used for private wealth management, estate planning, philanthropy, and DAOs. Closest US equivalent: Statutory business trust or nonprofit corporation. |
| Exempted Limited Partnership           | ELP          | Formed under the Exempted Limited Partnerships Act (as revised) by filing a Section 9(1) Statement with the Registrar; requires at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and at least one limited partner (liability capped at contribution); constituted primarily by a limited partnership agreement (LPA); designed for offshore activities; the preferred vehicle for Cayman-domiciled private equity, venture capital, real estate, and hedge fund structures. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                   |
| Exempted Limited Liability Partnership | ELLP         | Formed under the Limited Liability Partnership Act (as revised); all partners have limited liability; distinct from the ELP structure; used for professional services firms and joint ventures requiring partnership taxation with full liability protection for all partners. Closest US equivalent: Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Ordinary (Resident) Partnership        | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together in the Cayman Islands; governed by the Partnership Act; general partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; registered with the General Registry; typically used for small domestic professional practices. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Overseas (Foreign) Company             | —            | A company incorporated outside the Cayman Islands that registers a branch under Part IX of the Companies Act (as revised) in order to hold real estate or carry on business locally; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; must appoint a local agent and maintain a register of the names of directors. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation Branch/Representative Office.                                                                                                                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                     |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Company Search Report)*                                     |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · LLC Agreement · Limited Partnership Agreement |
| Tax Registration       | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Economic Substance Notification)*                           |
| Operating Permit       | Trade and Business Licence *(optional: Local Companies Control Law Licence)*                         |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                  |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors and Officers                                                                   |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Registered Agent Confirmation Letter · Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                                                                                                                                      |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                              | Legal Registration                                                                                                                          |
| **Certified Registry Extract / Company Search Report**        | Legal Registration                                                                                                                          |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                      |
| **Limited Liability Company Agreement**                       | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                      |
| **Limited Partnership Agreement**                             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                      |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (as tax identifier evidence)** | Tax Registration                                                                                                                            |
| **DITC Economic Substance Notification**                      | Tax Registration                                                                                                                            |
| **Trade and Business Licence**                                | Operating Permit                                                                                                                            |
| **Local Companies (Control) Law Licence**                     | Operating Permit                                                                                                                            |
| **Register of Members**                                       | Ownership Records                                                                                                                           |
| **Register of Directors and Officers**                        | Governance Records                                                                                                                          |
| **Board Resolution**                                          | Signing Authority                                                                                                                           |
| **Power of Attorney**                                         | Signing Authority                                                                                                                           |
| **Registered Office / Agent Confirmation Letter**             | Address                                                                                                                                     |
| **Lease Agreement**                                           | Address                                                                                                                                     |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                               | Address                                                                                                                                     |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                                                                                                                                     |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                              | Good Standing                                                                                                                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                   | CIMA Banking Licence (Category A or B), CIMA Mutual Fund Registration, CIMA Private Fund Registration, CIMA SIBA Licence, CIMA VASP Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Cayman Islands General Registry (Registrar of Companies) under the Companies Act (as revised) upon incorporation; contains the company name, registration number, date of incorporation, and Registrar's signature and seal. Certified copies and registry extracts (Company Search Report) are available from the General Registry and include the registered office, share capital, director details, and company status. Authentication via the verify.ky portal using the entity file number and authorisation code printed on the certificate.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with the General Registry at incorporation under the Companies Act (as revised). The Memorandum of Association sets out the company name, registered office, objects, type (resident/non-resident/exempted), authorised share capital, and subscribers' details. The Articles of Association govern internal management: meetings, director powers, share issuance, voting, dividends, and winding-up. For LLCs (Limited Liability Companies Act), the governing document is an LLC Agreement rather than M\&A. For ELPs, the constitutive document is a Limited Partnership Agreement (LPA). Amendments must be reported to the Registrar.
* **Tax Registration:** The Cayman Islands imposes no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, withholding tax, or VAT on companies (confirmed by the OECD and Cayman's Tax Information Authority). No TIN is issued for domestic tax purposes. Companies with relevant activities under the International Tax Co-operation (Economic Substance) Act must file annual Economic Substance Notifications and Returns with the DITC (Department for International Tax Co-operation). FATCA/CRS-reporting financial institutions obtain a GIIN from the US IRS. The Company Registration Number (on the Certificate of Incorporation) is the closest equivalent fiscal identifier and is used on DITC filings.
* **Operating Permit:** Required under the Trade and Business Licensing Act (2026 Revision) for any person carrying on a trade or business in or from the Cayman Islands in the domestic market. Issued by the Department of Commerce and Investment (DCI). Companies not meeting the 60% Caymanian ownership threshold also require a Local Companies (Control) Law Licence (LCCL) in addition to the T\&B Licence. Exempted companies conducting business mainly outside the Cayman Islands are typically exempt from T\&B licensing requirements unless they conduct local business. Multi-year licences (up to five years) became available for Caymanian-owned businesses from April 2026.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific licences and registrations issued by the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (CIMA) under the relevant legislation: Banks and Trust Companies Act (2025 Revision) for banking, trust, and fiduciary services; Insurance Act, 2010 for insurance, reinsurance, and captives; Mutual Funds Act (2025 Revision) for open-ended investment funds; Private Funds Act (2025 Revision) for closed-ended funds (PE, VC, real estate); Securities Investment Business Act (2020 Revision) (SIBA) for investment managers, advisers, dealers, and market makers; Virtual Asset (Service Providers) Act (2024 Revision), as amended by the Virtual Asset (Service Providers) (Amendment) Act 2025, for custodians and trading platforms (Phase 2 licensing mandatory from April 2025 for custody and trading platform activities). AML/CFT supervision: CIMA for financial entities; DCI for DNFBPs. FRA (Financial Reporting Authority) is the national FIU.
* **Governance Records:** Every exempted company must maintain a Register of Directors and Officers and file it with the General Registry. The register contains names, addresses, and appointment dates of directors and officers. Unlike the register of members, the register of directors is a filed document accessible via a company search report from the General Registry. Amendments must be notified to the Registrar within 30 days.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. Board resolutions are the standard method by which a company authorises a person to act on its behalf — adopted at a duly convened directors' meeting or by written resolution. Execution of a power of attorney by a Cayman company must comply with the Powers of Attorney Act and Section 81 of the Companies Act: executed under the company's seal or by a person expressly authorised under its articles, expressed as a deed. Notarisation and apostille are available via the General Registry for cross-border use.
* **Address:** Registered address for exempted companies is the licensed registered office of the company's registered agent (a licensed corporate services provider). For operating address, standard evidence is a lease agreement, utility bill, or bank statement not older than 90 days. Registered agent confirmation letter is also widely accepted for offshore entities that have no separate physical premises.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the General Registry under Section 200A of the Companies Act (as revised). Certifies that the company is duly organised, existing, and in good standing under the laws of the Cayman Islands; confirms annual filings and fees are current. Each certificate bears a unique entity file number and authorisation code verifiable at verify.ky (the General Registry's online validation portal). Available as a plain registry-certified version or in notarised and apostilled form. Typically processed within 3–5 business days; expedited processing available.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director / Officer              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day executive authority; named in the Register of Directors and Officers filed with the General Registry. For exempted companies, at least one director is required; nominee directors are common via licensed corporate service providers. |
| General Partner                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Partner in an ELP or ordinary limited partnership with unlimited liability for partnership obligations; de facto controlling person of the partnership; named in the ELP's registered statement filed with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships.                |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by board resolution or power of attorney to sign documents and transact on behalf of the entity under the Companies Act (as revised) and the Powers of Attorney Act.                                                                            |

## Notes

* The Cayman Islands does not levy corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or withholding tax. There is no TIN for domestic tax purposes. The company registration number on the Certificate of Incorporation is the primary identifier for all administrative and cross-border reporting purposes.
* Exempted companies are the dominant structure Conduit will encounter: they constitute the vast majority of international financial services, holding, and fund vehicles registered in Cayman. They are not required to maintain a public register of members and are not required to hold AGMs in Cayman.
* Economic substance: all entities registered in the Cayman Islands must file an annual Economic Substance Notification with the DITC by 31 January each year. Entities conducting 'Relevant Activities' (banking, insurance, fund management, finance and leasing, headquarters, shipping, distribution, IP, holding company) must also file a detailed Economic Substance Return within 12 months of financial year end.
* Registered office addresses for exempted companies are invariably those of a licensed registered agent (e.g., Walkers, Ogier, Maples, Conyers). This is legally required — exempted companies have no separate physical premises requirement. Accept a registered agent confirmation letter as proof of registered address.
* The General Registry's online search (online.ciregistry.gov.ky) requires a registered user account; certified documents must be ordered through the portal or a licensed agent. Document authentication is available at verify.ky using the entity file number and authorisation code printed on each certificate.
* FATCA/CRS: financial institutions in the Cayman Islands must register with the DITC and either obtain a GIIN (FATCA) or satisfy CRS reporting obligations. The Cayman Islands is a participating jurisdiction under the OECD's CRS framework.


# Central African Republic
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/central-african-republic

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Central African Republic (CAF) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                     |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | CF / CAF                                  |
| Registry     | GUFE-RCA (Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Central African Republic and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                | Issuer                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF (Numéro d'Identification Fiscale)** | DGID / Ministry of Finance and Budget     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM**                           | GUFE-RCA (Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce) |

*Tax ID:* Obtained via GUFE at registration; unique tax ID for all filings.

*Registration number:* OHADA commercial registry number assigned at registration with GUFE-RCA.

## Sector regulators

`COBAC` · `COSUMAF` · `CIMA` · `ANIF-RCA` · `BEAC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company; minimum capital 1,000,000 XAF; the standard SME vehicle under OHADA AUSCGIE 2014. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                         |
| Société Unipersonnelle à Responsabilité Limitée | SURL         | Single-member variant of the SARL; one natural or legal person holds all quotas; same liability shield and capital rules as multi-member SARL. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                     |
| Société Anonyme                                 | SA           | Share-capital company with transferable shares; board and statutory auditor required; minimum capital 10,000,000 XAF (AUSCGIE Art. 387). Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                      |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée                  | SAS          | Flexible share-capital company introduced by OHADA AUSCGIE 2014; governance defined by articles; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                          |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée Unipersonnelle   | SASU         | Single-shareholder variant of the SAS; one natural or legal person holds all shares; flexible governance as multi-member SAS. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (single-shareholder).                                                            |
| Société en Nom Collectif                        | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners have merchant status and bear unlimited joint liability for company debts; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                         |
| Société en Commandite Simple                    | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner liable only to the extent of their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                              |
| Entreprenant                                    | —            | OHADA simplified sole-trader status for micro-entrepreneurs; established by free declaration to the clerk of the competent court; no separate legal entity. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                      |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                 | GIE          | Economic interest grouping enabling members to pool resources for a shared economic purpose; no minimum capital; members bear joint unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: a contractual joint venture or statutory Business Trust. |
| Succursale                                      | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered at GUFE-RCA; no separate legal personality; the foreign parent bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch/rep office.                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                      |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation NIF                                                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Patente                                                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                            |
| Governance Records     | PV de nomination                                                                                      |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration · Procuration notariée |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                                 |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                 |
| ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                    | Legal Registration     |
| **Statuts**                         | Constitutive Documents |
| **Attestation NIF**                 | Tax Registration       |
| **Patente**                         | Operating Permit       |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**    | Ownership Records      |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**       | Ownership Records      |
| **PV de nomination**                | Governance Records     |
| **PV d'AG**                         | Signing Authority      |
| **Résolution du Conseil**           | Signing Authority      |
| **Procuration notariée**            | Signing Authority      |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                |

**Not applicable in Central African Republic:** Sector-Specific License, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by GUFE-RCA; confirms legal existence, RCCM number, registered address.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarized constitutive document; must include marital regime of founders (OHADA requirement).
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DGID; obtained via GUFE at registration.
* **Operating Permit:** Municipal/national trading licence; issued annually.
* **Ownership Records:** Ownership evidence varies by legal structure: Statuts for all forms; Registre des Associés for SARL; Registre des Actions for SA/SAS.
* **Governance Records:** RCCM extract names gérant/directeur; PV de nomination evidences board appointments.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution or notarized POA evidencing signing authority.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                     |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manager of a SARL; legal representative with signing authority. |
| Directeur Général                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | CEO-equivalent in an SA; day-to-day executive authority.        |
| Président (SAS)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Head of SAS; operational executive.                             |
| Administrateur                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the Conseil d'Administration in an SA.                |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the board in an SA.                                    |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                                                 |
| ---------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital regime of each founder/shareholder (AUSCGIE, rev. 2014). |

## Notes

* CAR is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (verified: HCCH status table, 129 parties as of 2025-12-31; CAR absent); foreign documents require full embassy legalisation chain.
* GUFE legal registration window is 7 days; the 48-hour aspirational target has not been operationally verified. Build in delays, especially outside Bangui.
* ANIF-RCA is the national FIU; all suspicious transaction reports must be filed with ANIF-RCA, not COBAC directly.


# Chad
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/chad

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Chad (TCD) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                             |
| ------------ | --------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | TD / TCD                          |
| Registry     | Tribunal de commerce de N'Djamena |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Chad and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**         | DGI (Direction Générale des Impôts) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | Tribunal de commerce de N'Djamena   |

*Tax ID:* Mandatory for all commercial entities; also referred to as NIFU in government communications; issued at registration via ANIE guichet unique.

*Registration number:* Format: RCCM/TD-\[city code]/\[year]/\[sequence]. Issued upon registration; appears on the extrait RCCM.

## Sector regulators

`COBAC` · `BEAC` · `CIMA` · `ANIF-Tchad`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée      | SARL         | The standard closely-held limited-liability company in which each member's liability is capped at their capital contribution; minimum capital typically 100,000–1,000,000 FCFA per AUSCGIE; governed by statuts. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                |
| Société Anonyme                       | SA           | Share-capital corporation with a minimum capital of 10,000,000 FCFA; shares are freely transferable; governed by a Conseil d'Administration (≥3 members) or a single Directeur Général. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                      |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée        | SAS          | Flexible share-capital company introduced by OHADA AUSCGIE 2014; no statutory minimum capital; shares are freely transferable; governance and capital structure determined by statuts. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                       |
| Société en Nom Collectif              | SNC          | General commercial partnership in which all members bear unlimited joint and several liability for the firm's debts; no minimum capital; suitable for professional partnerships. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                |
| Société en Commandite Simple          | SCS          | Mixed partnership combining commandités (general partners with unlimited liability) and commanditaires (limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution); no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                  |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique       | GIE          | Economic interest group of two or more persons formed to facilitate members' own economic or social activity; an auxiliary purpose only; all members bear unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: a statutory joint venture or business trust.                                                |
| Entreprenant                          | —            | Simplified sole-trader declaration under OHADA AUSCGIE Art. 30–1 et seq.; a natural person declaring a civil, commercial, craft, or agricultural activity as a sole proprietor; no separate legal personality; subject to revenue and activity-type thresholds. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Succursale / Bureau de Représentation | —            | Registered branch or representative office of a foreign legal entity operating in Chad; no separate legal personality; the foreign parent entity bears full liability; must be registered in the RCCM. Equivalent to a US branch or representative office.                                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                       |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                                           |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                                |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Certificat NIF · Attestation NIF                                         |
| Operating Permit       | Autorisation municipale d'exercer                                                      |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Liste des associés · Registre des actionnaires                           |
| Governance Records     | Extrait RCCM                                                                           |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Résolution des associés · PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                              | Proves                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                      | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                                                                           |
| **Statuts (notarised)**               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                           |
| **Certificat NIF**                    | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Attestation NIF**                   | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Autorisation municipale d'exercer** | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Liste des associés (SARL)**         | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                |
| **Registre des actionnaires (SA)**    | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                |
| **Résolution des associés**           | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                |
| **PV d'AG**                           | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                |
| **Procuration notariée**              | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                |
| **Contrat de bail**                   | Address                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**   | Address                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**       | Address                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**           | Agrément COBAC (banking/MFI), Agrément CIMA (insurance), BEAC — Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale, ANIF-Tchad — Agence Nationale d'Investigation Financière |

**Not applicable in Chad:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by tribunal de commerce de N'Djamena; searchable via rccm.ohada.org; confirms RCCM number, legal form, registered office, current status.
* **Constitutive Documents:** SARL/SAS: notarised per AUSCGIE Art. 10. SA: notarised. Filed with RCCM at incorporation; copy retrievable from registry.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DGI; mandatory for all commercial activity; collected via ANIE guichet unique at incorporation.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by N'Djamena mairie or relevant prefecture; required for most commercial activities at municipal level.
* **Sector-Specific License:** COBAC agrément required for all credit institutions and microfinance entities (CEMAC single-licence Reg. N°01/24/CEMAC/UMAC/COBAC, eff. 2025-01-01). CIMA code applies to insurers. Collect applicable licence only.
* **Ownership Records:** Equity holders listed in statuts (SARL/SAS) or in a separate share register (SA). The SARL liste des associés is typically embedded in the statuts or maintained as an internal document; the SA registre des actionnaires is a separate ledger.
* **Governance Records:** Lists gérant(s) (SARL/SAS) or Conseil d'Administration members and Directeur Général (SA); current officers registered and publicly searchable.
* **Signing Authority:** For entities: shareholder/associate resolution. For third-party representatives: notarised procuration (power of attorney).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL/SAS)                     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Managing director; day-to-day operational authority; registered in RCCM.    |
| Directeur Général (SA)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer; legal representative of SA; registered in RCCM.          |
| Administrateur (SA)                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of Conseil d'Administration; governance/oversight role.              |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair; governance role; may combine with DG functions (PCA-DG model). |
| Mandataire / Procurateur              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised procuration; scope defined by instrument.               |

## Notes

* Chad is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH Status Table: 129 contracting parties as of 31-XII-2025; Chad not listed). Foreign documents require full legalisation chain via the issuing country's competent authority + Chadian embassy or consulate.
* CIMA is NOT a CEMAC instrument — it is a separate 14-state treaty body (Treaty of Yaoundé, 10 July 1992; in force 15 February 1995) covering both CEMAC (6 states) and UEMOA (8 states) member states. Do not request a COBAC agrément for insurance activity; the applicable licence is the Agrément CIMA under the CIMA Code.
* RCCM portal (rccm.ohada.org) provides search access but full extracts may require registration or in-person request at the N'Djamena tribunal de commerce. Verify current portal access before relying on remote retrieval.
* COBAC single banking licence (Reg. N°01/24/CEMAC/UMAC/COBAC, adopted 2024-12-20, eff. 2025-01-01) changes the authorisation landscape. Banks licensed in any CEMAC state may now branch into Chad without a separate national licence; verify which COBAC authorisation document to request.


# Chile
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/chile

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Chile (CHL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                     |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | CL / CHL                                                                  |
| Registry     | Registro de Comercio (Conservador de Bienes Raíces) + SII (tax authority) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Chile and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer                               |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RUT**                                  | SII (Servicio de Impuestos Internos) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Inscripción del Registro de Comercio** | Conservador de Bienes Raíces         |

*Tax ID:* Rol Único Tributario — national tax ID for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Inscription folio recorded with the local Conservador de Bienes Raíces.

## Sector regulators

`CMF` · `UAF` · `Sec. Salud`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Sociedad Anónima Abierta                       | S.A.         | Publicly traded corporation regulated by the CMF; shares freely transferable on the stock exchange; board of directors required. Equivalent to a US public C-Corp.                                                                                                       |
| Sociedad Anónima Cerrada                       | S.A.         | Privately held corporation; shares not listed but transferable; board of directors required; at least two shareholders. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                       |
| Sociedad por Acciones                          | SpA          | Flexible share-capital company introduced by Law 20.190; one or more shareholders; multiple share classes permitted; dominant startup and VC vehicle. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                         |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada           | SRL / Ltda.  | Quota-based limited-liability company with 2–50 partners; liability capped at each partner's contribution; no freely transferable shares. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                        |
| Empresa Individual de Responsabilidad Limitada | EIRL         | Single natural-person limited-liability enterprise; owner's personal patrimony legally separated from business patrimony; no additional partners. Equivalent to a single-member LLC or sole proprietorship.                                                              |
| Persona Natural con Giro Comercial             | —            | Individual entrepreneur trading under their personal RUT with no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability for business debts. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship.                                                                                         |
| Sociedad Colectiva Comercial                   | SCC          | General commercial partnership of two or more partners; all partners bear unlimited joint-and-several liability for firm obligations. Equivalent to a US general partnership (GP).                                                                                       |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple                   | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one managing partner (gestor) bearing unlimited liability and one or more silent partners (comanditarios) liable only to the extent of capital contribution; no shares. Equivalent to a US limited partnership (LP).                   |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones             | SCpA         | Hybrid limited partnership whose silent partners hold transferable shares; managing partners retain unlimited liability; governed partly by corporation law. Equivalent to a US limited partnership (LP).                                                                |
| Cooperativa                                    | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by the General Cooperative Law (Ley 19.832); surplus distributed in proportion to activity, not capital. Equivalent to a US cooperative.                                                                                               |
| Sociedad Civil                                 | —            | Civil-law non-commercial partnership (including Sociedad Colectiva Civil and Sociedad en Comandita Civil) governed by the Civil Code rather than the Commercial Code; used for professional firms and non-trading ventures. Equivalent to a US general partnership (GP). |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Required:* (Any one of: Inscripción Reg. de Comercio · Diario Oficial) + Certificado RES |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                             |
| Tax Registration       | Cédula RUT                                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | *All required:* Patente Municipal + Inicio de Actividades SII                             |
| Ownership Records      | Registro de Accionistas                                                                   |
| Governance Records     | Acta de Sesión de Directorio                                                              |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Inscripción de Poderes · Escritura de Poder                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Cuenta de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificado de Vigencia · Certificado de Vigencia                           |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                               | Proves                 |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certificado del Registro de Empresas y Sociedades (Tu Empresa en un Día)**           | Legal Registration     |
| **Inscripción Reg. de Comercio**                                                       | Legal Registration     |
| **Diario Oficial**                                                                     | Legal Registration     |
| **Escritura Pública**                                                                  | Constitutive Documents |
| **Estatutos**                                                                          | Constitutive Documents |
| **Cédula RUT (SII)**                                                                   | Tax Registration       |
| **Patente Municipal**                                                                  | Operating Permit       |
| **Inicio de Actividades SII**                                                          | Operating Permit       |
| **Registro de Accionistas**                                                            | Ownership Records      |
| **Acta de Sesión de Directorio**                                                       | Governance Records     |
| **Inscripción de Poderes**                                                             | Signing Authority      |
| **Escritura de Poder**                                                                 | Signing Authority      |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                                                          | Address                |
| **Cuenta de Servicios (≤90 días)**                                                     | Address                |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**                                               | Address                |
| **Certificado de Vigencia de Sociedad (Registro de Comercio / CBR)**                   | Good Standing          |
| **Certificado de Vigencia (Registro de Empresas y Sociedades — Tu Empresa en un Día)** | Good Standing          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                            | CMF, UAF, Sec. Salud   |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Two pathways. Traditional pathway (pre-2013 and still in use for SAs and complex structures): notarised Escritura Pública → Inscripción in the Registro de Comercio at the local Conservador de Bienes Raíces → publication of an Extracto in the Diario Oficial — both artifacts required together. Simplified pathway under Ley 20.659 ("Tu Empresa en un Día", eff. 2013-05): incorporation via the electronic Registro de Empresas y Sociedades (registrodeempresasysociedades.cl) — produces a single Certificado de Estatuto Actualizado / Certificado de Vigencia from RES, no Diario Oficial publication required. As of 2020 \~85% of new Chilean entities are RES-formed (predominantly SpA, Ltda, EIRL). Accept either pathway.
* **Address:** Lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Two issuance paths mirroring Chile's two incorporation paths. Traditional path: Certificado de Vigencia de Sociedad from the Registro de Comercio at the Conservador de Bienes Raíces of the entity's domicile. Simplified path (Ley 20.659 'Tu Empresa en un Día'): Certificado de Vigencia online from the Registro de Empresas y Sociedades (RES) portal. Banks typically require issuance within 30 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                | Canonical API role     | Description                    |
| ------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| Director                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member. Required in S.A. |
| Presidente del Directorio | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the board.               |
| Gerente General           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management.         |
| Representante Legal       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.          |

## Notes

* Publication in the Official Gazette (Diario Oficial) is a required formation step.


# China (People's Republic of China — Mainland)
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/china

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in China (People's Republic of China — Mainland) (CHN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value        |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific |
| ISO 3166-1   | CN / CHN     |
| Registry     | SAMR/AMR     |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in China (People's Republic of China — Mainland) and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name          | Issuer   |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------- | -------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **统一社会信用代码 (USCC)** | SAMR/AMR |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **统一社会信用代码 (USCC)** | SAMR/AMR |

*Tax ID:* Same code; replaces legacy Business Licence Number, Organization Code Certificate, and Tax Registration Certificate (unified from 2015).

*Registration number:* Same code; replaces legacy Business Licence Number, Organization Code Certificate, and Tax Registration Certificate (unified from 2015).

## Sector regulators

`PBoC` · `NFRA` · `CSRC` · `SAFE` · `CAC` · `MIIT`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 有限责任公司 (Yǒuxiàn Zérèn Gōngsī)                   | 有限公司         | Limited liability company with 1–50 shareholders; the default SME vehicle for domestic and foreign investors; governed by Company Law 2024. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                   |
| 一人有限责任公司 (Yīrén Yǒuxiàn Zérèn Gōngsī)           | 一人有限公司       | Single-shareholder LLC (natural person or single corporate shareholder); heightened liability-piercing scrutiny; registrable under Company Law 2024. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                                            |
| 国有独资公司 (Guóyǒu Dúzī Gōngsī)                     | 国有独资公司       | Wholly state-owned single-shareholder LLC under SASAC oversight; limited liability applies. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (government-owned).                                                                                                                                  |
| 股份有限公司 (Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī)                   | 股份公司         | Joint-stock limited company with freely transferable shares and no cap on shareholder count; required structure for A-share public listing. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                |
| 普通合伙企业 (Pǔtōng Héhuǒ Qǐyè)                      | 普通合伙企业       | General partnership where all partners bear unlimited joint-and-several liability; no separate legal personality; governed by Partnership Enterprise Law 2006. Equivalent to a US general partnership.                                                                                |
| 有限合伙企业 (Yǒuxiàn Héhuǒ Qǐyè)                     | 有限合伙企业       | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner with liability capped at their contribution; commonly used for private-equity fund vehicles. Equivalent to a US limited partnership.                               |
| 特殊普通合伙企业 (Tèshū Pǔtōng Héhuǒ Qǐyè)              | 特殊普通合伙企业     | Special general partnership reserved for licensed professional-services firms (law, accounting); partners bear unlimited liability only for their own professional negligence, not co-partners' fault. Equivalent to a US limited liability partnership.                              |
| 个人独资企业 (Gèrén Dúzī Qǐyè)                        | 个人独资企业       | Sole proprietorship enterprise owned by a single natural person who bears unlimited personal liability; can hire employees and establish branches; governed by the Sole Proprietorship Enterprise Law 1999. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship.                                   |
| 个体工商户 (Gètǐ Gōngshānghù)                        | 个体户          | Individual trader or household business (natural person or family); no separate legal personality; unlimited personal/family liability; simpler registration than individual proprietorship, no branch rights. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship (DBA).                          |
| 外国公司在华分支机构 (Wàiguó Gōngsī Zài Huá Fēnzhī Jīgòu) | 分公司 / 代表处    | Branch office or representative office of a foreign company registered in mainland China; not a separate legal entity—the foreign parent is directly liable; representative offices restricted to non-revenue liaison activities. Equivalent to a US branch or representative office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                             |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | 营业执照                                                                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | 公司章程                                                                                         |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) Registration + STA Tax Registration Record |
| Ownership Records      | NECIPS Extract                                                                               |
| Governance Records     | NECIPS/GSXT extract                                                                          |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* 董事会决议 + 公章 (Company Chop)                                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* 租赁合同 · 水电费账单 · 银行对账单                                                           |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                     | Proves                                                                                                                                                           |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **营业执照 (Business Licence)**                                                  | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                               |
| **公司章程 (Articles of Association)**                                           | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                           |
| **Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) Registration**                           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                 |
| **STA Tax Registration Record**                                              | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                 |
| **NECIPS Extract**                                                           | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                |
| **NECIPS/GSXT extract (lists directors, supervisors, legal representative)** | Governance Records                                                                                                                                               |
| **董事会决议 (Board Resolution)**                                                 | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                |
| **公章 (Company Chop)**                                                        | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                |
| **租赁合同**                                                                     | Address                                                                                                                                                          |
| **水电费账单 (≤90日内)**                                                            | Address                                                                                                                                                          |
| **银行对账单 (≤90日内)**                                                            | Address                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                  | Sector-specific: PBoC payment institution licence, NFRA banking, insurance licence, CSRC securities licence, CAC ICP, 网络安全 licence, MIIT VATS licence (ICP经营许可证) |

**Not applicable in China (People's Republic of China — Mainland):** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by local AMR; printable from gsxt.gov.cn; confirms USCC, scope, legal rep.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed at AMR on incorporation; amendments must be re-filed; FIEs also have historical JV contract pre-2020 (now superseded by AoA).
* **Tax Registration:** No separate tax certificate issued since 2015 unification; USCC printed on Business Licence is the tax ID. Request STA system printout if auditor needs explicit STA confirmation.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect the licence(s) relevant to the entity's business scope; scope is stated on the Business Licence.
* **Governance Records:** Annual report filings on NECIPS update current officers; SAMR extract is the primary artifact.
* **Signing Authority:** Company chop (公章) has independent legal binding force in PRC law — a stamped document can bind the company even absent a signatory's personal signature. Always obtain and verify the chop alongside any board resolution.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                       | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 法定代表人 (Fǎdìng Dàibiǎorén — Legal Representative) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Statutory signatory; binds company in all external acts; must be a director or manager per 2024 Company Law.  |
| 董事 (Dǒngshì — Director, board member)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the Board of Directors (董事会); governance role.                                                      |
| 执行董事 (Zhíxíng Dǒngshì — Executive Director)      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | In lieu of a full board in small LLCs; day-to-day operational authority; often also the Legal Representative. |
| 总经理 / 经理 (Zǒngjīnglǐ — General Manager)          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Senior executive appointed by board; day-to-day operations.                                                   |

## Notes

* Single identifier: the 18-character Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value.
* Company chop (公章) has independent legal force. A document stamped with a valid 公章 can bind the company under PRC law even without the legal representative's personal signature. Always collect and independently verify the chop alongside board resolutions; do not accept resolutions that lack a chop.
* USCC = tax ID = registration number. Since 2015 there is no separate tax certificate to collect; the 18-character USCC printed on the Business Licence is the authoritative identifier across SAMR, STA, and PBoC systems. Legacy Organization Code Certificates (9-digit) or old Business Licence Numbers are obsolete — reject them.
* 2024 Company Law (eff. 2024-07-01) allows supervisory board to be replaced by an audit committee. Small LLCs may now operate with no supervisor at all (unanimous shareholder approval required). The supervisor role in the NECIPS extract may therefore be blank for post-2024 entities; this is legally valid, not a gap.
* FIE / WFOE structure changed under Foreign Investment Law 2020. Pre-2020 WFOEs and JVs governed by the old Sino-Foreign JV laws are now subject to standard Company Law; historical joint venture contracts (合资合同) are superseded by the Articles of Association. Request the current AoA, not legacy JV contracts.


# Colombia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/colombia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Colombia (COL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | CO / COL                                                                     |
| Registry     | Local Chambers of Commerce → RUES (national registry) + DIAN (tax authority) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Colombia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer             |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIT**                 | DIAN               |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Matrícula Mercantil** | Cámara de Comercio |

*Tax ID:* Tax identification number printed on the RUT (Registro Único Tributario).

*Registration number:* Commercial registry number assigned by the local Chamber of Commerce.

## Sector regulators

`SFC` · `Supersalud` · `Supersociedades`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation  | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada | S.A.S.        | Flexible share-capital company; one or more shareholders; majority form since Law 1258/2008; no minimum capital required. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                             |
| Sociedad Anónima                   | S.A.          | Share-capital company requiring at least five shareholders; mandatory board of directors and stricter statutory governance; used for larger or regulated enterprises. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                 |
| Sociedad Limitada                  | Ltda.         | Quota-based closely-held company with 2–25 partners; quota transfers require unanimous approval; partner liability is limited to their contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                     |
| Sociedad Colectiva                 | S. en C. Col. | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear unlimited joint-and-several liability for company obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                          |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple       | S. en C.      | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited (comanditario) partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                       |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones | S.C.A.        | Limited partnership in which the limited partners' stakes are represented by transferable shares while at least one general partner retains unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                         |
| Empresa Unipersonal                | E.U.          | Single-owner limited-liability trading vehicle created by Law 222/1995; the sole owner segregates assets into a separate legal entity while limiting personal exposure. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship operating as a single-member LLC. |
| Persona Natural Comerciante        | —             | Individual trading in their own name, registered via Matrícula Mercantil at the local Chamber of Commerce; no separate legal entity and full personal liability for all business obligations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.            |
| Cooperativa                        | —             | Member-owned cooperative governed by Law 79/1988 and supervised by the Superintendencia de Economía Solidaria; surplus distributed in proportion to member participation. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                        |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera    | —             | Registered branch of a foreign company authorized to conduct permanent business in Colombia; the parent retains full liability for the branch's obligations. Equivalent to a US Branch/Representative Office.                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                   |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal                                                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | Estatutos Sociales                                                                                 |
| Tax Registration       | RUT                                                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | Renovación Cámara de Comercio                                                                      |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal · Libro de Accionistas                              |
| Governance Records     | Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal                                                                   |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal + Acta de Junta Directiva                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios Públicos · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                          | Proves                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal (CC)**         | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records, Signing Authority |
| **Estatutos Sociales (Doc. Privado / Escritura)** | Constitutive Documents                                                       |
| **RUT (DIAN)**                                    | Tax Registration                                                             |
| **Renovación Cámara de Comercio**                 | Operating Permit                                                             |
| **Libro de Accionistas (S.A.)**                   | Ownership Records                                                            |
| **Acta de Junta Directiva**                       | Signing Authority                                                            |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                     | Address                                                                      |
| **Recibo de Servicios Públicos (≤90 días)**       | Address                                                                      |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**          | Address                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                       | SFC, Supersalud, Supersociedades                                             |

**Not applicable in Colombia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** Real structure: Cert. Existencia y Rep. Legal (for SAS) OR Libro de Accionistas (for S.A.) — mutually exclusive by corporate type. The CERL also satisfies business\_registration, directors\_registry, and authorization\_to\_act because it embeds all three in a single Cámara de Comercio extract.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement; utility bill and bank statement must be dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                   | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                      |
| ---------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Representante Legal          | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Mandatory role. Person authorized to bind the company legally. Named in Certificado de Existencia with specific scope of powers. |
| Representante Legal Suplente | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Backup legal representative. Common in Colombia.                                                                                 |
| Junta Directiva Member       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member. Required in S.A., optional in S.A.S.                                                                               |
| Presidente                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair or company president.                                                                                                |

## Notes

* Three-tier capital structure: authorized, subscribed, and paid-in capital can all differ; the Certificado de Existencia reports all three.


# Comoros
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/comoros

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Comoros (COM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                     |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | KM / COM                                  |
| Registry     | RCCM (via ANPI guichet unique / Tribunal) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Comoros and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                    |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**         | DGI (Direction Générale des Impôts)       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | RCCM (via ANPI guichet unique / Tribunal) |

*Tax ID:* Required for all registered entities; assigned at DGI upon company formation; no standardized public format documented.

*Registration number:* OHADA Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier number; format follows OHADA RCCM schema; searchable via rccm.ohada.org.

## Sector regulators

`BCC/Banque Centrale des Comores` · `SRF/FIU` · `DGI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                   | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company; one or more associés; liability capped at contributions; the standard SME vehicle under OHADA AUSCGIE. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                               |
| Société Anonyme                                    | SA           | Share-capital company with separate legal personality; managed by a board or Administrateur Général; suited for larger enterprises and capital-raising. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                  |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée                     | SAS          | Simplified joint-stock company with transferable shares; governance rules set freely in bylaws; no minimum capital under OHADA AUSCGIE 2014 reform. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                      |
| Société en Nom Collectif                           | SNC          | General partnership; all associates are merchants and bear unlimited joint liability for company debts; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                 |
| Société en Commandite Simple                       | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (commandité) bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners (commanditaires) liable only to the extent of their contributions. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                          |
| Entreprise Individuelle                            | —            | Sole-trader registration for a natural person conducting commercial activity; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                      |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                    | GIE          | Economic interest grouping of two or more members pursuing a shared ancillary economic activity; separate legal personality on RCCM registration; members bear unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: a statutory business association or joint venture. |
| Société Coopérative                                | —            | Cooperative society governed by OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (AUSCOOP); minimum five members; purpose is mutual benefit rather than profit distribution to external investors. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                        |
| Succursale / Établissement d'une Société Étrangère | —            | Branch or establishment of a foreign legal entity registered with the RCCM; no independent legal personality; parent company bears full liability for branch obligations. Equivalent to a US foreign corporation branch office.                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts notariés                                                      |
| Tax Registration       | NIF Certificate                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Patente                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions  |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                                 |
| ----------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                    | Legal Registration, Governance Records |
| **Statuts notariés**                | Constitutive Documents                 |
| **NIF Certificate (DGI)**           | Tax Registration                       |
| **Patente (DGI; annual)**           | Operating Permit                       |
| **Statuts**                         | Ownership Records, Governance Records  |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**    | Ownership Records                      |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**       | Ownership Records                      |
| **PV de nomination**                | Governance Records                     |
| **PV d'AG**                         | Signing Authority                      |
| **Procuration notariée**            | Signing Authority                      |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                                |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                                |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**         | BCC authorisation                      |

**Not applicable in Comoros:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued via ANPI guichet unique / OHADA RCCM; confirms legal existence and registration number.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Three notarised originals required at incorporation; marital status of founders mandatory per OHADA AUSCGIE.
* **Tax Registration:** Assigned by DGI on registration; no formal VAT number system documented.
* **Operating Permit:** Annual professional license issued by DGI; due by 31 March each year.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banking, credit, and payment-services operations; issued by Banque Centrale des Comores.
* **Ownership Records:** No standalone ownership register. Collect from Statuts + Registre des Associés (SARL) or Registre des Actions (SA) as the primary ownership evidence.
* **Governance Records:** RCCM records gérant (SARL), Administrateur Général / board members (SA); PV de nomination confirms appointment.
* **Signing Authority:** Board/shareholder resolution or notarised power of attorney; no Prokura-equivalent register.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL)                               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manager and legal representative of the SARL; registered in RCCM.                  |
| Président (SAS)                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the SAS; day-to-day operational authority.                                   |
| Directeur Général (SA)                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director appointed by board; day-to-day management of the SA.            |
| Administrateur Général (SA ≤3 shareholders) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Assumes both administration and direction where no board is constituted (AUSCGIE). |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration (SA)  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chairs the board; governance role separate from DG when functions are dissociated. |
| Administrateur (SA)                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member; governance and oversight; no operational authority.                  |
| Mandataire / Procureur                      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised procuration (POA); scope defined by instrument.                |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                 | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                      |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status / matrimonial_regime` | founder    | OHADA AUSCGIE requires marital status and matrimonial regime for natural-person founders/associates due to community-property implications. |

## Notes

* Primary AML statute is Loi N°12-008/AU (2012). The 2003 Ordinance (03-002/PR) was superseded by Ordinance 09-002/PR (2009), which was in turn superseded by the 2012 law. Do not cite the 2003 or 2009 instruments as current law.
* Comoros is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed not listed in HCCH Status Table; 129 parties as of 31-XII-2025). All public documents require full consular legalisation chain (Ministry of Justice → Ministry of Foreign Affairs → Comorian embassy or consulate).
* RCCM is largely paper-based. The OHADA portal (rccm.ohada.org) provides a digital interface, but underlying records in Comoros are maintained locally. Registry extract availability can be delayed; plan for manual retrieval via ANPI guichet unique in Moroni.
* OHADA AUSCGIE (Art. 311) sets a default minimum capital of 1,000,000 CFA francs; Comoros uses KMF (Comorian Franc), and no national derogation decree was located, so the practical floor is uncertain at onboarding.


# Cook Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/cook-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Cook Islands (COK) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | CK / COK                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Registry     | [Cook Islands Registry Services (Ministry of Justice) — domestic companies; Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) — international entities (fsc.gov.ck)](https://registry.justice.gov.ck/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                                                  |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Cook Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                          | Issuer                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RMD Number (Revenue Management Division Number)** | Revenue Management Division (RMD), Ministry of Finance and Economic Management (MFEM)                                                          |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**                     | Cook Islands Registry Services (Ministry of Justice) for domestic companies; Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) for international entities |

*Tax ID:* International Companies registered with the FSC are subject to Cook Islands corporate income tax under the Income Tax Act 1997 (as amended effective 18 December 2019). Tax-resident International Companies — where effective management or control is exercised in the Cook Islands, or where 3 or more directors are Cook Islands residents — pay 20% on worldwide income. Non-resident International Companies (controlled and managed outside the Cook Islands) pay 20% on Cook Islands-sourced income only. All International Companies must register with the RMD and obtain an RMD Number; those incorporated from 18 December 2019 were immediately subject to tax, while pre-existing companies became subject to tax from their 2022 income year. Appears on tax returns, VAT registrations, and correspondence from the RMD.

*Registration number:* Unique numeric identifier assigned by the Registrar at incorporation under the Companies Act 2017 (domestic companies) or the International Companies Act 1981-82 (international companies). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all subsequent registry filings. No publicly confirmed fixed-length format; numeric sequences are used. For Limited Liability Companies registered with the FSC, the same registry assigns a numeric identifier under the Limited Liability Companies Act 2008.

## Sector regulators

`Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC)` · `Revenue Management Division (RMD), Ministry of Finance and Economic Management (MFEM)` · `Business Trade and Investment Board (BTIB)` · `Cook Islands Ministry of Justice (Registry Services)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| International Company              | IC           | Incorporated under the International Companies Act 1981-82 and registered with the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC); the primary offshore vehicle widely used for cross-border trade, holding, and asset management. Only one director and one shareholder required (same person or corporate entity permitted); 100% foreign ownership allowed; no minimum share capital; register of directors and members is private (not publicly accessible); registered agent appointment mandatory. Subject to Cook Islands corporate income tax (20% on profits) for companies incorporated after December 2019 (previously exempt for a transitional period ending 2022). Annual return must be filed with the FSC. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                         |
| Domestic Company Limited by Shares | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2017 and registered with the Cook Islands Registry Services (Ministry of Justice); carries separate legal personality with liability capped at the amount unpaid on members' shares. The standard domestic trading vehicle for Cook Islands-based operations. Must maintain a registered office in the Cook Islands; annual return filed electronically via registry.justice.gov.ck. Governed by a board of directors; constitution (model or customised) filed with the Registrar. Closest US equivalent: Private Corporation / C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Company Limited by Guarantee       | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2017; has no share capital; members undertake to contribute a predetermined amount toward company liabilities if wound up. Used primarily for non-profit, charitable, or professional association purposes. Registered with the Cook Islands Registry Services (Ministry of Justice). Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Limited Liability Company          | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Companies Act 2008 and registered with the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC); blends corporate limited liability with partnership-style flexibility. No share capital concept — members hold membership interests. Member and manager information kept private (closed registry). Single-member LLCs permitted. No annual accounts required to be filed publicly. Frequently used as asset-holding vehicles within Cook Islands trust and asset-protection structures. The Cook Islands LLC offers enhanced charging-order protection: creditors cannot obtain a charging order against membership interests. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                             |
| Foundation                         | —            | Established under the Foundations Act 2012 and registered with the FSC; a separate legal entity distinct from both companies and trusts. Has no shareholders or members; governed by a council (minimum one member). May designate a supervisor/enforcer to oversee council operations. Can hold assets, enter contracts, and have beneficiaries. Foundation instrument (containing name, objectives, registered agent) filed with the FSC Registrar; governing rules remain private, held only by the registered agent. Used for asset protection, estate planning, philanthropy, and succession planning. Two-year statute of limitations on challenging asset transfers into the foundation. Closest US equivalent: Statutory business trust or nonprofit corporation. |
| International Trust                | —            | Settled under the International Trusts Act 1984 and registered with the FSC; among the most creditor-resistant trust structures globally due to the Cook Islands' strong anti-forced-heirship and spendthrift provisions, short limitation periods for fraudulent conveyance claims, and the requirement that Cook Islands courts apply Cook Islands law. Settlor may retain certain powers (reserved powers trust). Administered by a licensed trustee company. Not a corporate entity but a separate fund; used extensively for asset protection, succession planning, and family wealth management. Closest US equivalent: Domestic Asset Protection Trust (DAPT).                                                                                                     |
| International Partnership          | —            | Registered with the FSC under the International Partnerships Act 1984; must be certified by a licensed trustee company prior to registration. General partners bear unlimited liability; used for offshore business arrangements and fund structures in the international sector. Distinct from domestic partnerships governed by the Partnership Act 1908. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP) or Limited Partnership (LP) depending on structure.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| General Partnership                | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together in the Cook Islands; governed by the Partnership Act 1908. No separate legal personality; each general partner bears unlimited joint and several liability. Registered with the Revenue Management Division (RMD) for tax purposes. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Limited Partnership                | LP           | Formed under the Partnership Act 1908; one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Not a separate legal entity. Registered with the RMD. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Sole Trader                        | —            | A single individual trading on their own account in the Cook Islands. No separate legal entity; the individual is personally liable for all business debts. Must obtain an RMD Number from the Revenue Management Division and register as a business operator (Form RM2). Declares business revenue as personal income on individual tax returns. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Branch of Foreign Company          | —            | A foreign company registered to carry on business in the Cook Islands under Part XII of the Companies Act 2017; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Must appoint a local registered agent and maintain a registered office in the Cook Islands. Files an overseas company registration with the Cook Islands Registry Services (Ministry of Justice). Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation Branch/Representative Office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                            |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Company Search Report)*                            |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Company Constitution · LLC Agreement |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Confirmation *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)*                    |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                         |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · Certificate of Incumbency                             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                               |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                              | Legal Registration                                                                                 |
| **Certified Registry Extract / Company Search Report**        | Legal Registration                                                                                 |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                             |
| **Cook Islands Company Constitution**                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                             |
| **Limited Liability Company Agreement / Operating Agreement** | Constitutive Documents                                                                             |
| **RMD Tax Registration / RMD Number Confirmation**            | Tax Registration                                                                                   |
| **VAT Registration Certificate**                              | Tax Registration                                                                                   |
| **Register of Members**                                       | Ownership Records                                                                                  |
| **Register of Directors**                                     | Governance Records                                                                                 |
| **Certificate of Incumbency**                                 | Governance Records                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution**                                          | Signing Authority                                                                                  |
| **Power of Attorney**                                         | Signing Authority                                                                                  |
| **Lease Agreement**                                           | Address                                                                                            |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                               | Address                                                                                            |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                              | Good Standing                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                   | Banking Licence, Trustee Company Licence, Money-Changing and Remittance Licence, Insurance Licence |

**Not applicable in Cook Islands:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Cook Islands Registry Services (Ministry of Justice) for domestic companies under the Companies Act 2017, or by the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) for international entities under the International Companies Act 1981-82 or Limited Liability Companies Act 2008. Issued electronically; contains entity name, registration number, date of incorporation, and Registrar's authorisation. For FSC-registered entities, a Company Search Report (including entity name, registration number, registered office, administering trustee company, and company status) is available as a certified registry extract; this is the primary evidence of registration for IBCs and LLCs since the register is not publicly searchable.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For domestic companies under the Companies Act 2017, the constitutive document is a constitution (model or customised) filed with the Registrar at incorporation; the Act provides three default/model constitutions; companies may adopt a customised constitution and must provide a copy to the Registrar. For international companies under the International Companies Act 1981-82, the constitutive document is a Memorandum and Articles of Association filed with the FSC. For LLCs under the Limited Liability Companies Act 2008, the governing document is an LLC Agreement / Operating Agreement. Amendments must be notified to the respective Registrar.
* **Tax Registration:** The Revenue Management Division (RMD) of MFEM assigns a five-digit RMD Number upon tax registration. Entities incorporated under the Companies Act 2017 must apply separately for this number after company registration. International entities registered with the FSC are also required to register with the RMD for tax purposes under the Income Tax Act 1997. Cook Islands levies corporate income tax at 20% on profits for all companies. There is no formal printed TIN certificate as such; the RMD Number appears on tax returns, VAT registration confirmations, and official MFEM/RMD correspondence. VAT registration (if applicable) under the Value Added Tax Act 1997 issues a separate VAT registration number.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) is the sole licensing authority for all financial institutions in Cook Islands: banks (Banking Act 2011), general and offshore insurers (Insurance Act 2008), captive insurers (Captive Insurance Act 2013), money-changing and remittance businesses (Money-Changing and Remittance Businesses Act 2009; combined or separate licences), and trustee companies (Trustee Companies Act 2014). The FSC also registers and supervises international companies, LLCs, international trusts, international partnerships, and foundations. The Financial Transactions Reporting Act 2017 (FTRA 2017) governs AML/CFT obligations for all regulated entities. Cook Islands is not on the FATF grey/black list as of June 2026.
* **Governance Records:** Required to be maintained by all companies under the Companies Act 2017 and the International Companies Act 1981-82. For domestic companies, directors may appear in the online registry (registry.justice.gov.ck). For FSC-registered international companies and LLCs, the register of directors is private and held by the registered agent/trustee company — director identities do not appear on the public record. A Company Search Report from the FSC registry or a Certificate of Incumbency (listing directors and officers) from the trustee company serves as the evidential document.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution of the directors authorizing a named signatory is the standard mechanism; no statutory form prescribed — company letterhead resolution is standard practice for Cook Islands companies. For LLCs, a manager resolution or member consent serves the equivalent function. Power of attorney (notarized where required by counterparty) may also be used. Both instruments accepted by financial institutions and counterparties for Cook Islands entities.
* **Address:** For registered-office and operating-address verification. Lease agreement (no time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days accepted. Cook Islands does not mandate a specific form; the same documents used globally are accepted by FSC-regulated trustee companies and the Ministry of Justice registry.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the respective Registrar (Cook Islands Registry Services / Ministry of Justice for domestic companies; FSC Registrar for international entities). Confirms the company is registered and in good standing — current on annual return filing and fee obligations. For FSC-registered international companies, the Certificate of Good Standing is a standard document required by financial institutions globally for account opening; must typically be no more than 6 months old. For domestic companies, available from registry.justice.gov.ck. Annual return filing fee is NZD $50 (NZD $200 if filed late); maintaining good standing requires annual renewal fees. A Certificate of Incumbency issued by the registered agent/trustee company is commonly provided alongside or in lieu of a Certificate of Good Standing for FSC-registered entities.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day executive authority over the company; named in the Register of Directors. For FSC-registered entities, director identity is private and held by the registered agent. A minimum of one director required for all company types.                                                                                                                        |
| Council Member (Foundation)        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages a Cook Islands Foundation under the Foundations Act 2012; equivalent function to a corporate director. Minimum one council member required; corporate council members permitted. Responsible for administering the foundation in accordance with its instrument and rules.                                                                                                       |
| Registered Agent / Trustee Company | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | FSC-licensed trustee company appointed as the Cook Islands registered agent for international entities; mandatory for all IBCs, LLCs, foundations, and international partnerships registered with the FSC. Holds and maintains all private records (register of members, register of directors) and issues certificates of incumbency. Acts as the primary AML/CFT compliance interface. |
| Authorized Signatory               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised via board resolution or power of attorney to sign on behalf of the company; the legal representative for specific transactions. No statutory form prescribed.                                                                                                                                                                                                          |

## Notes

* The Cook Islands has a dual-registry structure: domestic companies are registered with the Cook Islands Registry Services (Ministry of Justice) at registry.justice.gov.ck; international entities (International Companies, LLCs, Foundations, International Trusts, International Partnerships) are registered with the FSC at fsc.gov.ck. Conduit will primarily encounter FSC-registered international entities.
* For FSC-registered entities (IBCs, LLCs, Foundations), neither the register of members nor the register of directors is publicly accessible. All ownership and governance records are held privately by the licensed registered agent (trustee company). A Certificate of Incumbency and a Company Search Report from the FSC are the primary KYB anchors for these entities.
* Cook Islands levies corporate income tax at 20% on profits for all companies (domestic and international). Tax-resident International Companies (effective management in the Cook Islands, or 3+ Cook Islands-resident directors) are taxed on worldwide income at 20%. Non-resident International Companies are taxed at 20% only on Cook Islands-sourced income. International companies incorporated before 18 December 2019 had a transitional exemption; the first taxable income year for those grandfathered companies was 2022. There is no capital gains tax. A 15% withholding tax applies to dividends, interest, and royalties paid to non-residents (5% for residents). The Cook Islands is not a zero-tax offshore jurisdiction for new incorporations.
* The FSC launched a new secure international business registry in September 2024 (developed with ADB/PSDI support) providing enhanced AML/CFT functionality; the prior registry system was replaced. Registry information for international entities is now maintained in this new system.
* The Cook Islands International Trust (under the International Trusts Act 1984) is among the most creditor-resistant trust structures globally. Where a Cook Islands trust is part of the ownership chain, the trustee company is the registered entity owner for company purposes.
* Annual return filing is mandatory for all registered entities (NZD $50 fee; NZD $200 if filed late). Failure to file results in loss of good standing and eventual striking off. Certificate of Good Standing and Certificate of Incumbency are the primary documents financial institutions require for account opening; these must typically be no more than 6 months old.


# Costa Rica
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/costa-rica

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Costa Rica (CRI) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value             |
| ------------ | ----------------- |
| Region       | Latin America     |
| ISO 3166-1   | CR / CRI          |
| Registry     | Registro Nacional |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Costa Rica and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name          | Issuer                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Cédula Jurídica** | Registro Nacional / Ministerio de Hacienda |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Cédula Jurídica** | Registro Nacional / Ministerio de Hacienda |

*Tax ID:* Same Cédula Jurídica is used as the registry number — issued at incorporation.

*Registration number:* Same Cédula Jurídica is used as the registry number — issued at incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`SUGEF` · `SUGEVAL` · `SUGESE` · `SUPEN`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                               | S.A.         | Share-capital corporation with transferable shares and mandatory board of directors. The dominant incorporation vehicle for larger businesses. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                              |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada           | S.R.L.       | Quota-based limited-liability company with non-freely transferable quotas; may be managed by a single manager. The preferred vehicle for SMEs and closely-held businesses. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                     |
| Empresa Individual de Responsabilidad Limitada | E.I.R.L.     | Single-natural-person limited-liability enterprise with separate legal personality; the owner's personal assets are shielded from business debts. Governed by Law No. 9024. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship or single-member LLC.                               |
| Persona Física con Actividad Lucrativa         | —            | Individual operating commercially under their own name with no separate legal entity; no corporate registration required, though a trade name may be optionally registered. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship.                                                    |
| Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo                   | S.N.C.       | General partnership in which all partners bear unlimited joint liability for the entity's debts. Rarely used in practice due to unlimited personal exposure. Equivalent to a US general partnership.                                                                   |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple                   | S.C.S.       | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liable only to the extent of their capital contribution). Equivalent to a US limited partnership.                                                        |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones             | S.C.A.       | Share-based limited partnership; limited-partner interests are represented by transferable shares while at least one general partner retains unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US limited partnership.                                                              |
| Sociedad Civil                                 | S.C.         | Civil-law non-commercial partnership governed by the Código Civil rather than the Código de Comercio; used for professional practices, agricultural ventures, and non-mercantile joint activities. Equivalent to a US general partnership for non-commercial purposes. |
| Cooperativa                                    | —            | Member-owned cooperative enterprise governed by the Ley de Asociaciones Cooperativas; profits distributed according to member participation rather than capital. Equivalent to a US cooperative.                                                                       |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera                | —            | Registered branch of a foreign legal entity, established by public deed and registered with the Registro Nacional; the parent company bears full liability. Equivalent to a US branch or representative office.                                                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Personería Jurídica                                                                       |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura Constitutiva + Estatutos                                        |
| Tax Registration       | Cédula Jurídica                                                                           |
| Operating Permit       | Patente Municipal                                                                         |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Escritura Constitutiva · Libro de Accionistas                               |
| Governance Records     | Personería Jurídica                                                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Personería Jurídica + Acta de Junta Directiva                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                    | Proves                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Personería Jurídica (Registro Nacional)** | Legal Registration, Governance Records, Signing Authority     |
| **Escritura Constitutiva**                  | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records                     |
| **Estatutos**                               | Constitutive Documents                                        |
| **Cédula Jurídica**                         | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente Municipal**                       | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Libro de Accionistas / Cuotistas**        | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Acta de Junta Directiva**                 | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**               | Address                                                       |
| **Recibo de Servicios (≤90 días)**          | Address                                                       |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**    | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                 | SUGEF, SUGEVAL, SUGESE, SUPEN — Superintendencia de Pensiones |

**Not applicable in Costa Rica:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                            |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Presidente          | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Board president. Key authority figure. |
| Vocal               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member (non-officer).            |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.                  |

## Notes

* Single identifier: Cédula Jurídica serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value.
* Resident agent requirement was eliminated by Ley 10,597, effective 2024-12-03.
* Existing companies must register an official email address with Registro Nacional by 2026-06-04.


# Côte d'Ivoire
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/cote-divoire

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Côte d'Ivoire (CIV) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | CI / CIV                                                                     |
| Registry     | [RCCM (Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier)](https://rccm.ohada.org/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Côte d'Ivoire and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                   | Issuer                                      |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **IDU (Identifiant Unique)** | DGI Côte d'Ivoire                           |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM**              | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce (OHADA RCCM) |

*Tax ID:* Identifiant Unique issued by DGI for legal entities.

*Registration number:* OHADA Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier number.

## Sector regulators

`BCEAO` · `AMF-UMOA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société Anonyme                                   | SA           | Share-capital company with board of directors; minimum capital FCFA 10,000,000 for non-listed (AUSCGIE Art. 387). Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                   |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée                    | SAS          | Simplified joint-stock company with flexible bylaws and no minimum capital under AUSCGIE. Shares are freely transferable. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                           |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                  | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company; the default SME vehicle under AUSCGIE. Minimum capital FCFA 1,000,000. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                          |
| Société en Nom Collectif                          | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                              |
| Société en Commandite Simple                      | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one limited partner (liability capped at contribution) under AUSCGIE. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                  |
| Entreprise Individuelle                           | EI           | Individual trader operating under their own name; registered in the RCCM. No separate legal entity; the owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                      |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                   | GIE          | Economic interest grouping of two or more persons pooling resources for a specific economic purpose; not profit-oriented as primary object. Registered at RCCM under OHADA. Closest US equivalent: Statutory Trust or Joint Venture structure. |
| Société Coopérative Simplifiée                    | SCOOPS       | Simplified cooperative society governed by the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (2010); streamlined governance for small member groups. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                              |
| Société Coopérative avec Conseil d'Administration | SCOOPCA      | Full cooperative society with a board of directors under the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (2010); used for larger member organizations. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                           |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                               |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                    |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation IDU                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | Patente                                                                    |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions       |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                  |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'AG · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Bail commercial · Quittance (CIE / SODECI) · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                                                        |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                         | Legal Registration, Governance Records                        |
| **Statuts**                              | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **IDU (Identifiant Unique)**             | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente**                              | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**         | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**            | Ownership Records                                             |
| **PV de nomination**                     | Governance Records                                            |
| **PV d'AG**                              | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Résolution du Conseil**                | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Bail commercial**                      | Address                                                       |
| **Quittance (CIE / SODECI) (≤90 jours)** | Address                                                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**          | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**              | BCEAO, AMF-UMOA — Autorité des Marchés Financiers de l'UMOA   |

**Not applicable in Côte d'Ivoire:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** Structure is Statuts + (Registre des Associés \[SARL] OR Registre des Actions \[SA]). Register variant depends on entity type.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement accepted, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role        | Canonical API role     | Description                             |
| ----------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Gérant            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages the SARL. Legal representative. |
| Président         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the SAS.                          |
| Directeur Général | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management in an SA.         |
| Administrateur    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board in an SA.           |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                               |
| ---------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital information for founders/shareholders. |

## Notes

* Côte d'Ivoire's IDU replaced the legacy Compte Contribuable (CC).
* OHADA member; UEMOA zone — uses BCEAO + AMF-UMOA (formerly CREPMF, renamed 2022).


# Croatia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/croatia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Croatia (HRV) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                              |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | HR / HRV                           |
| Registry     | Sudski Registar (commercial court) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Croatia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                             | Issuer                             |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **OIB (Osobni Identifikacijski Broj)** | Porezna Uprava                     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **MBS (Matični Broj Subjekta)**        | Sudski Registar (commercial court) |

*Tax ID:* 11-digit universal identifier for both natural and legal persons; also serves as VAT ID prefix: HR + OIB (e.g. HR12345678901). Verifiable via Porezna Uprava e-services.

*Registration number:* Registry number assigned at incorporation; appears on all court register extracts. Variable-length numeric string unique to each court district.

## Sector regulators

`HNB — Hrvatska narodna banka` · `HANFA` · `Porezna Uprava` · `MFin`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Društvo s ograničenom odgovornošću             | d.o.o.       | Standard quota-based limited liability company; minimum share capital €2,500; most common SME incorporation vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                      |
| Jednostavno društvo s ograničenom odgovornošću | j.d.o.o.     | Simplified single-member or small-group LLC; minimum €1 share capital with mandatory profit retention until €2,500 is reached; capped at three members. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                             |
| Dioničko društvo                               | d.d.         | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum share capital €25,000; mandatory supervisory board if over 300 employees; can be publicly listed. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                     |
| Javno trgovačko društvo                        | j.t.d.       | General partnership in which all partners trade under a common firm name and bear joint and unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                            |
| Komanditno društvo                             | k.d.         | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (komplementar) bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner (komanditor) liable only to the extent of their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                      |
| Obrt                                           | —            | Sole-proprietor craft or trade business operated by a natural person under their own name; registered with the State Administration Office (or via e-Obrt) under Zakon o obrtu; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Trgovac pojedinac                              | t.p.         | Natural person registered as a sole trader in the commercial court register (Sudski Registar) under ZTD; no separate legal personality; full personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                          |
| Zadruga                                        | —            | Cooperative society with variable membership and capital; governed by Zakon o zadrugama; members share profits and liability proportionally to participation. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                 |
| Podružnica strane osobe                        | —            | Registered branch of a foreign legal entity operating in Croatia; not a separate legal person — the foreign parent bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                       |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Izvadak iz sudskog registra                                                            |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Izjava o osnivanju · Društveni ugovor · Statut                           |
| Tax Registration       | OIB potvrda                                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | Rješenje o upisu                                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | Izvadak iz sudskog registra                                                            |
| Governance Records     | Izvadak iz sudskog registra                                                            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Izvadak iz sudskog registra · Odluka skupštine/upravnog odbora · Punomoć |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Ugovor o najmu · Račun za komunalne usluge · Izvod bankovnog računa      |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Izvadak iz sudskog registra**                               | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records, Signing Authority |
| **Izjava o osnivanju (single-member d.o.o.)**                 | Constitutive Documents                                                       |
| **Društveni ugovor (multi-member d.o.o.)**                    | Constitutive Documents                                                       |
| **Statut (d.d.)**                                             | Constitutive Documents                                                       |
| **OIB potvrda (Porezna Uprava)**                              | Tax Registration                                                             |
| **Rješenje o upisu (commercial court registration decision)** | Operating Permit                                                             |
| **Odluka skupštine/upravnog odbora (board/GM resolution)**    | Signing Authority                                                            |
| **Punomoć (notarised power of attorney)**                     | Signing Authority                                                            |
| **Ugovor o najmu**                                            | Address                                                                      |
| **Račun za komunalne usluge (≤90 dana)**                      | Address                                                                      |
| **Izvod bankovnog računa (≤90 dana)**                         | Address                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                   | HNB licence (banking, payments, e-money), HANFA licence                      |

**Not applicable in Croatia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Current extract from sudreg.pravosudje.hr; free public access; includes MBS, OIB, registered capital, and current status.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised; filed with and retrievable via Sudski Registar.
* **Tax Registration:** OIB doubles as VAT ID (HR + OIB); no separate VAT certificate — VAT registration evidenced by Porezna Uprava printout or e-PoreznaUprava extract.
* **Operating Permit:** Croatia has no general municipal trading licence equivalent; the court registration decision itself constitutes the primary authorisation to operate. Certain sector activities may require ministry permits.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for credit institutions, payment institutions, e-money institutions (HNB); investment firms, insurance, funds (HANFA).
* **Ownership Records:** Court register lists d.o.o. članci (members/quota-holders) and d.d. dioničari (shareholders) with percentage holdings.
* **Governance Records:** Lists members of uprava (d.o.o./d.d. management board), nadzorni odbor (supervisory board, d.d.), and registered prokuristi with scope of authority.
* **Signing Authority:** Prokura (commercial power of attorney) registered in Sudski Registar; samostalna (individual) vs. zajednička (joint) prokura noted in extract.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                             |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Član uprave / direktor (d.o.o.)                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Management board member / director; day-to-day operational authority; registered in Sudski Registar.    |
| Član uprave (d.d.)                                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Management board member of joint-stock company; executive authority.                                    |
| Predsjednik nadzornog odbora / član nadzornog odbora (d.d.) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member; governance and oversight; not operational.                                    |
| Komplementar (k.d.)                                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner with full management authority and unlimited liability.                                 |
| Prokurist                                                   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of prokura under ZTD §§40–49; broad commercial signing authority; registered in Sudski Registar. |

## Notes

* No separate municipal operating licence for most activities. Croatia's court registration decision (Rješenje o upisu) is the primary operating authorisation; collect that in place of a municipal business licence.
* RSV public access is restricted post-CJEU WM/Sovim. Since the November 2022 CJEU ruling, Croatia's RSV (FINA) requires demonstrated legitimate interest for access. Conduit as an obliged AML entity should qualify, but must submit a purpose-specific request through FINA's portal.
* OIB serves dual tax + VAT function. There is no separate tax ID and VAT ID — the OIB is universal. VAT registration is indicated by the HR + OIB prefix; confirm active VAT status via Porezna Uprava's e-services rather than requesting a separate certificate.
* Currency is EUR since 2023-01-01. The kuna (HRK) ceased to be legal tender on 2023-01-15. ZTD (NN 114/2022) sets d.o.o. minimum at €2,500 and j.d.o.o. minimum at €1. Legacy HRK incorporations remain valid.
* Zakon o kreditnim institucijama NN 22/2026 (eff. 2026-03-13) repeals NN 159/2013 and all amendments. Any reference to the prior banking law is stale as of the research date. Regulatory licence notes should cite NN 22/2026.


# Curaçao
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/curacao

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Curaçao (CUW) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                                         |
| ISO 3166-1   | CW / CUW                                                                                                                              |
| Registry     | [Kamer van Koophandel en Nijverheid van Curaçao (Curaçao Chamber of Commerce and Industry)](https://www.curacaochamberofcommerce.com) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Curaçao and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                                            | Issuer                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **CRIB-nummer (Centraal Registratie Informatie Belastingplichtige) / Persoonsnummer** | Inspectie der Belastingen (Belastingdienst Curaçao) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Handelsregisternummer (KvK-nummer) / Trade Register Number**                        | Kamer van Koophandel en Nijverheid van Curaçao      |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit numeric identifier automatically generated by the Inspectie der Belastingen upon registration of a taxpayer (natural person or legal entity). Assigned under the general tax administration framework; mandatory for filing winstbelasting (profit tax — 15% on profit up to ANG 500,000, 22% above) and omzetbelasting (turnover tax at 6% / 7% / 9%) returns. Every business invoice must display the CRIB number alongside the KvK registration number. For new NVs and BVs the CRIB is typically obtained as part of post-incorporation KvK registration. The CRIB is the functional equivalent of a TIN for all tax purposes in Curaçao.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier assigned by the Curaçao Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KvK) at registration in the Commercial Register (Handelsregister), maintained under the Landsverordening op het Handelsregister. Appears on the KvK uittreksel (registry extract), the Certificate of Incorporation, and must appear on all business invoices alongside the CRIB number. No fixed-length standard has been publicly confirmed; assigned in sequence.

## Sector regulators

`Centrale Bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten (CBCS)` · `Curaçao Gaming Authority (CGA)` · `Gaming Control Board (GCB)` · `Inspectie der Belastingen (Belastingdienst Curaçao)` · `Financial Intelligence Unit Curaçao (FIU)` · `Ministerie van Economische Ontwikkeling (MEO)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                  | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| --------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Naamloze Vennootschap       | N.V.         | Public limited liability company governed by Book 2 of the Curaçao Civil Code (Landsverordening van de 29ste december 2003 houdende vaststelling van de tekst van Boek 2 van het Burgerlijk Wetboek). Capital is divided into shares (aandelen); shares may be bearer or registered; the organizational structure is public and the N.V. is the preferred vehicle for larger companies, joint ventures, and publicly listed entities. Incorporated by notarial deed (akte van oprichting) before a Curaçao civil law notary; registered with the KvK. No minimum issued share capital. Full foreign ownership permitted; directors and shareholders need not be Curaçao residents, though at least one resident director or authorized representative is strongly recommended in practice. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Besloten Vennootschap       | B.V.         | Private limited liability company governed by Book 2 of the Curaçao Civil Code. Capital divided exclusively into registered shares (aandelen op naam); share transfer restricted by the statuten (articles of association). The most popular vehicle for both local SMEs and international holding/operating structures. No minimum issued share capital; a single share at any nominal value suffices. Incorporated by notarial deed before a Curaçao civil law notary; registered with the KvK. Shareholder register (aandeelhoudersregister) is mandatory but not publicly filed. Full foreign ownership permitted. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Stichting                   | —            | Foundation governed by Book 2 of the Curaçao Civil Code; a legal entity with no shareholders or members; established by notarial deed for a specific purpose (charitable, social, or other non-profit objective); distributions to incorporators or beneficiaries for purely private enrichment are prohibited. Registered in the Stichtingenregister at the KvK. Used for non-profit organizations, holding structures, and pension funds. Closest US equivalent: Non-profit corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Stichting Particulier Fonds | SPF          | Private foundation governed by Book 2 of the Curaçao Civil Code; introduced specifically for international tax and estate planning as a flexible variant of the regular Stichting. Has no shareholders or members; incorporated by notarial deed. Unlike the common Stichting, the SPF is permitted to make distributions to beneficiaries (including the founder and their family) without a charitable purpose; may hold assets, investments, and participate in partnerships, but may not conduct a commercial enterprise for profit. Registered in the Stichtingenregister at the KvK. Widely used for offshore asset protection and wealth management. Closest US equivalent: Statutory purpose trust or private trust company.                                                                                      |
| Vereniging                  | —            | Association governed by Book 2 of the Curaçao Civil Code; a legal entity with members who share a common non-commercial objective; governed by a general meeting of members and a board; may not distribute profits to members. Registered with the KvK. Used for trade associations, sports clubs, and professional bodies. Closest US equivalent: Non-profit membership organization.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Coöperatieve Vereniging     | —            | Cooperative association governed by Book 2 of the Curaçao Civil Code; a legal entity composed of members who cooperate for mutual economic benefit; may conduct commercial activities and distribute surpluses to members. Incorporated by notarial deed and registered with the KvK. Used in agriculture, financial services (credit unions), and consumer cooperatives. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Openbare Vennootschap       | OV           | General (public) partnership governed by Title 13 of Book 7 of the Curaçao Civil Code (in force from 1 January 2012); a contractual relationship between two or more partners (vennoten) pursuing a common purpose under a joint name; no separate legal personality; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability. Registered with the KvK. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Commanditaire Vennootschap  | C.V.         | Limited partnership governed by Title 13 of Book 7 of the Curaçao Civil Code; a special form of the openbare vennootschap in which one or more general partners (beherende vennoten) bear unlimited liability and one or more limited partners (commanditaire vennoten) whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. The C.V. has no legal personality. Registered with the KvK. Widely used in private equity and investment fund structures. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Eenmanszaak                 | —            | Sole proprietorship; a single individual trading on their own account with no separate legal personality; unlimited personal liability. Registered with the KvK and subject to CRIB registration with the Inspectie der Belastingen. A business establishment permit (vestigingsvergunning) from the Ministry of Economic Development (MEO) is required for non-Curaçao nationals. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Branch of Foreign Company   | —            | A foreign legal entity operating in Curaçao through a registered branch office; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent bears full liability. Requires registration at the KvK and typically a vestigingsvergunning (business establishment permit) from the Ministry of Economic Development (MEO). The branch must maintain local accounting records and a local contact person. Closest US equivalent: Foreign corporation branch office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                 |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Uittreksel Handelsregister + Akte van Oprichting |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuten                                                         |
| Tax Registration       | CRIB Registratie Bevestiging                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Vestigingsvergunning                                             |
| Ownership Records      | Aandeelhoudersregister                                           |
| Governance Records     | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Bestuursresolutie · Volmacht                       |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement    |
| Good Standing          | Gecertificeerde Verklaring                                       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                 | Proves                                                                                                                    |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Trade Register Extract (KvK)**                         | Legal Registration                                                                                                        |
| **Notarial Deed of Incorporation**                       | Legal Registration                                                                                                        |
| **Statuten (Articles of Association)**                   | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                    |
| **CRIB Registration Confirmation**                       | Tax Registration                                                                                                          |
| **Business Establishment Permit (Vestigingsvergunning)** | Operating Permit                                                                                                          |
| **Shareholder Register (Aandeelhoudersregister)**        | Ownership Records                                                                                                         |
| **Trade Register Extract — Directors (KvK)**             | Governance Records                                                                                                        |
| **Board Resolution (Bestuursresolutie)**                 | Signing Authority                                                                                                         |
| **Power of Attorney (Volmacht)**                         | Signing Authority                                                                                                         |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                          | Address                                                                                                                   |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                        | Address                                                                                                                   |
| **Lease Agreement**                                      | Address                                                                                                                   |
| **Certified Declaration of Existence (KvK)**             | Good Standing                                                                                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                              | Central Bank Banking Licence, Trust Service Provider Licence (NOST), Insurance Company Licence, CGA Online Gaming Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Curaçao does not issue a standalone Certificate of Incorporation as a separate document from the notarial deed. The primary registration evidence is the stamped KvK uittreksel (trade register extract) issued by the Kamer van Koophandel en Nijverheid van Curaçao; it records company name, KvK registration number, date of incorporation, registered office address, legal form, purpose, capital, directors, and any amendments. The underlying notarial deed of incorporation (akte van oprichting) is executed before a Curaçao civil law notary and also serves as proof. Companies incorporated before 10 October 2010 may show the former Netherlands Antilles (Nederlandse Antillen) chamber details. Extracts can be ordered online via the KvK portal ([registry@curacao-chamber.cw](mailto:registry@curacao-chamber.cw)) with prepayment; a digital certified version is available by email.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The statuten are included within the notarial akte van oprichting and set out the company name, corporate purpose (doel), share capital structure (nominal value, classes), decision-making rules, director appointment/removal, profit distribution, and dissolution procedures. Amendments to the statuten require a notarial deed of amendment (akte van wijziging van statuten) and are filed with the KvK. Documents are form-free and may be drafted in any language; English-language statuten are common for internationally oriented entities. Statuten for NVs and BVs must be prepared and executed before a Curaçao civil law notary.
* **Tax Registration:** The Inspectie der Belastingen (Belastingdienst Curaçao) issues a CRIB registration confirmation upon enrollment in the Centraal Registratie Informatie Belastingplichtige system. Every legal entity is assigned a 9-digit CRIB number (Persoonsnummer) used for winstbelasting (profit tax: 15% on taxable profit up to ANG 500,000, 22% above — two-tier structure effective 1 January 2023), omzetbelasting (turnover tax at 6% / 7% / 9%), and dividendbelasting (dividend tax). Curaçao does not have a VAT but levies omzetbelasting; there is no separate VAT certificate. The CRIB number must appear on all business invoices alongside the KvK number. Companies may also hold an OB (omzetbelasting) registration confirmation from the Belastingdienst.
* **Operating Permit:** Curaçao does not require a universal general trading licence for all locally owned entities. However, the Ministry of Economic Development (Ministerie van Economische Ontwikkeling, MEO) issues a vestigingsvergunning (business establishment permit) that is mandatory for: (a) non-Curaçao nationals wishing to operate a business, (b) foreign-owned entities, and (c) certain regulated trades. Additionally, a directeursvergunning (director's permit) is required for each managing director who was not born in the former Netherlands Antilles. The vestigingsvergunning is governed by the Vestigingsregeling voor bedrijven and processed via the Vergunningenloket (Permit Desk). It is not a general requirement for locally born Curaçao nationals, but Conduit is likely to encounter internationally owned entities for which it is required.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Centrale Bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten (CBCS) supervises and licenses: credit institutions (banks) under the Landsverordening toezicht bank- en kredietwezen 1994; insurance companies under the Landsverordening toezicht verzekeringsbedrijf; trust service providers under the Landsverordening toezicht trustwezen (NOST, P.B. 2003 no. 114); investment institutions and administrators under the Landsverordening toezicht beleggingsinstellingen en administrateurs (NOSIIA); money transfer companies; and securities intermediaries and asset management companies under the NOSSIAM. The Curaçao Gaming Authority (CGA) and Gaming Control Board (GCB) regulate online and land-based gaming respectively under the Landsverordening op de Kansspelen (LOK, in force 24 December 2024). The CGA replaced the former eGaming sub-licence model with a direct licensing regime as of December 2024.
* **Governance Records:** Director information is recorded in the KvK Handelsregister and appears on the uittreksel (registry extract). The KvK extract lists directors (directeuren), their appointment dates, and any authorized signatories. Companies must also maintain an internal register of directors. For BVs at least one resident director or a licensed trust company acting as registered representative is required in practice. Director information in the KvK is publicly accessible via the registry extract.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. The standard instrument is a bestuursresolutie (board resolution) on company letterhead — signed and certified by the director(s) — authorizing a named signatory to act on behalf of the company. A notariële volmacht (notarized power of attorney) is used for external delegations. For SPFs and foundations, the equivalent is a bestuursbesluit (board decision). Documents are commonly drafted in Dutch or English.
* **Address:** No statutory prescribed form for KYB address verification. Standard practice: lease agreement (no time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank statements dated within 90 days of submission. Utility providers include Aqualectra (electricity and water). Documents must show the registered or principal operating address in Curaçao.
* **Good Standing:** The Curaçao Chamber of Commerce and Industry does not issue a formal 'Certificate of Good Standing' under that title. Instead the KvK issues a Gecertificeerde Verklaring (Certified Declaration) confirming: (1) the company name; (2) the KvK registration number; (3) the date of incorporation; and (4) that the company exists and is duly registered with the Commercial Register under the laws of Curaçao. This declaration can be notarized and apostilled for international use via the Deputy Governor's Office. Entities in arrears with their annual KvK contribution fee cannot obtain the declaration until fees are paid. International counterparties often accept the KvK uittreksel (registry extract) for the same purpose.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Directeur / Bestuurder (Director)                                                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day executive authority over an NV or BV; named in the KvK Handelsregister (public). May be a natural person or legal entity. For a BV at least one resident director or a trust company acting as registered agent is strongly recommended. Directeur/bestuurder is the functional equivalent of a director under Book 2 of the Curaçao Civil Code. |
| Procuratiehouder / Gevolmachtigde (Authorized Signatory / Power of Attorney Holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by a bestuursresolutie (board resolution) or notariële volmacht (notarized power of attorney) to act on behalf of the entity. The scope of authority is defined in the authorizing instrument; may appear in the KvK as a procuratiehouder with limited or unlimited signing authority.                                                                      |
| Raad van Commissarissen lid (Supervisory Board Member)                              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the supervisory board (raad van commissarissen) of an NV or, where established, a BV; exercises oversight over the management board (directie) but has no day-to-day executive authority. Recorded in the KvK Handelsregister. NVs with a two-tier governance structure are required to have a supervisory board under certain conditions.                               |

## Notes

* Curaçao is a constituent country (land) of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; its legal system is based on Dutch civil law as adapted in the Burgerlijk Wetboek van Curaçao (Civil Code of Curaçao, in force from 1 January 2012 for Book 7 partnerships). Book 2 of the Civil Code governs all legal entities. Documents are commonly drafted in Dutch; English-language documents are also accepted for internationally oriented entities.
* Curaçao is a major offshore financial center with a large gaming, trust, and holding-company sector. The most commonly encountered structures in a financial services KYB context are the BV (holding and operating), NV (larger companies and joint ventures), and SPF (wealth management). The gaming sector is significant: Curaçao hosts hundreds of online gambling operators; the new Curaçao Gaming Authority (CGA) licensing regime under the LOK (in force 24 December 2024) replaced the legacy sub-licence model.
* The KvK does not issue a 'Certificate of Good Standing' by that title. The equivalent document is a Gecertificeerde Verklaring confirming current registration; this can be apostilled. Counterparties routinely accept a certified/apostilled KvK uittreksel as an alternative.
* Curaçao levies omzetbelasting (OB, turnover tax) at 6% / 7% / 9% — not a VAT. There is no separate VAT certificate. The CRIB number (9 digits) serves as the single tax identifier for all tax types including winstbelasting (profit tax: 15% on profit up to ANG 500,000, 22% above), OB, and dividendbelasting. Both the CRIB number and KvK number must appear on all business invoices.
* Documents commonly appear in Dutch (Nederlands); some internationally oriented companies produce English versions. Expect Dutch statutory phrases such as 'Boek 2 van het Burgerlijk Wetboek van Curaçao', 'Handelsregister', and 'Kamer van Koophandel en Nijverheid van Curaçao' as the primary OCR anchors.
* Pillar Two (Global Minimum Tax): Curaçao is enacting the Income Inclusion Rule (IIR) with retroactive effect from 1 January 2025, applicable to MNE groups with consolidated annual revenue of EUR 750 million or more. The Qualified Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax (QDMTT) and the Undertaxed Profits Rule (UTPR) will not be implemented. The draft National Ordinance on Minimum Tax 2024 was submitted to Parliament on 23 December 2025; final enactment was pending as of June 2026. First filing obligations relate to fiscal year 2025 with a filing deadline expected to be 30 June 2027. No new TIN is introduced; in-scope entities file under their existing CRIB number.


# Cyprus
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/cyprus

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Cyprus (CYP) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | CY / CYP                     |
| Registry     | DRCIP                        |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Cyprus and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                 | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIC**                    | Tax Department, Ministry of Finance |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **HE Number (ΗΕ αριθμός)** | DRCIP                               |

*Tax ID:* 8 digits + 1 uppercase letter (e.g. 60012345A). Prefix "CY" + TIC = VAT number (e.g. CY60012345A).

*Registration number:* Prefix "HE" + up to 6 digits (e.g. HE123456). Printed on the Certificate of Incorporation and all DRCIP filings.

## Sector regulators

`CBC` · `CySEC` · `ICCS`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares   | Ltd          | Closely-held share-capital company; 1–50 shareholders, shares not freely transferable or publicly traded; the default SME incorporation vehicle under Companies Law Cap. 113. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                          |
| Public Company Limited by Shares    | PLC          | Share-capital company with minimum 7 shareholders and minimum €25,629 paid-up capital; shares may be listed on a stock exchange. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                |
| European Company                    | SE           | EU-wide supranational share-capital company registered under EU Regulation 2157/2001; may operate across member states under a single legal personality. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                        |
| Variable Capital Investment Company | VCIC         | Collective investment fund vehicle (UCITS/AIF); shares have no nominal value and capital fluctuates with subscriptions/redemptions; requires CySEC authorisation. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                               |
| Company Limited by Guarantee        | Ltd/Gte      | Company with no share capital; members guarantee a fixed amount on winding-up; used for nonprofits, professional bodies, and clubs. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                              |
| General Partnership                 | G.P.         | Two or more persons carrying on business in common; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; registered with the Registrar of Partnerships under the Partnerships and Business Names Law Cap. 116. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership. |
| Limited Partnership                 | L.P.         | One or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; registered under Cap. 116. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                                         |
| Sole Trader                         | —            | A single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade/business name; registered with the Registrar of Partnerships and Business Names; personally liable for all business debts. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.              |
| Cooperative Society                 | —            | Member-owned organisation formed to provide economic or social benefit to its members; regulated by the Registrar of Cooperative Societies under the Cooperative Societies Law. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                            |
| International Trust                 | —            | Trust established under the International Trusts Law 1992 (L. 69/1992); settlor and beneficiaries must be non-resident; at least one Cypriot trustee required. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust.                                                |
| Branch of Foreign Company           | —            | Registered place of business of an overseas company operating in Cyprus; not a separate legal entity from its parent; registered with DRCIP under Cap. 113 (Part XI). Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                             |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                 |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                         |
| Tax Registration       | TIC Certificate                                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Municipal Business Permit                                                    |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Annual Return + Share Register                               |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Μισθωτήριο · Λογαριασμός κοινής ωφελείας · Τραπεζική κατάσταση |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                 |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                     | Proves                                               |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (DRCIP)**     | Legal Registration                                   |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**     | Constitutive Documents                               |
| **TIC Certificate (Tax Department)**         | Tax Registration                                     |
| **Municipal Business Permit**                | Operating Permit                                     |
| **Annual Return**                            | Ownership Records                                    |
| **Share Register**                           | Ownership Records                                    |
| **Board Resolution**                         | Signing Authority                                    |
| **Μισθωτήριο**                               | Address                                              |
| **Λογαριασμός κοινής ωφελείας (≤90 ημέρες)** | Address                                              |
| **Τραπεζική κατάσταση (≤90 ημέρες)**         | Address                                              |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (DRCIP)**     | Good Standing                                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                  | CBC authorization, CySEC license, ICCS authorization |

**Not applicable in Cyprus:** Governance Records. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Includes HE number, date of incorporation, entity type. Order via efiling.drcor.mcit.gov.cy.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Two-part document filed at incorporation. Certified copies available from DRCIP e-filing portal.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued on Form TD2001 registration. Confirm via taxisnet.mof.gov.cy. VAT registration separate if turnover ≥ €15,600.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local Municipal or Community Council; requires on-site inspection. Sector-specific activities need additional regulatory approvals.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBC for banks and EMIs; CySEC for CIFs, fund managers, MiCA CASPs; ICCS for insurers.
* **Ownership Records:** Annual Return lists current shareholders and directors of record. Share Register is maintained by the company and contains the full transfer history. Certified copies of both are available from DRCIP.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution for routine account-opening; notarized PoA for broader signing authority. Apostille from Ministry of Justice and Public Order.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Separate DRCIP artifact — not embedded in the Certificate of Incorporation. Order it separately from efiling.drcor.mcit.gov.cy; typically required alongside the Certificate of Incorporation for KYC bundles.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                             |
| ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director (Διευθυντής)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed under Cap. 113; manages day-to-day operations; minimum 1 for Ltd.             |
| Non-Executive / Board Director      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance role; common in Cyprus holding structures with separate nominee directors.   |
| Attorney / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Appointed by board under Cap. 113 (articles of association); legally binds the company. |

## Notes

* CySEC is a major EU fintech/FX hub regulator. Many MiFID II-passported investment firms and FX brokers are CySEC-authorized; verify CIF (Cyprus Investment Firm) licence status on the CySEC Regulated Entities register (cysec.gov.cy) for any financial-services counterparty.
* Certificate of Good Standing is a separate DRCIP artifact. Unlike some jurisdictions, it is not embedded in the Certificate of Incorporation — order it separately from efiling.drcor.mcit.gov.cy; it is typically required alongside the Certificate of Incorporation for KYC bundles.


# Czechia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/czechia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Czechia (CZE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                          |
| ------------ | ------------------------------ |
| Region       | Europe                         |
| ISO 3166-1   | CZ / CZE                       |
| Registry     | Regional court at registration |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Czechia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                         |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **DIČ**    | Finanční správa                |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **IČO**    | Regional court at registration |

*Tax ID:* Format: "CZ" + IČO (e.g. CZ12345678) for VAT-registered entities; verifiable via EU VIES. Non-VAT entities have IČO only.

*Registration number:* 8-digit number; assigned at OR entry; public via or.justice.cz. Also used as base for tax ID.

## Sector regulators

`ČNB`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Společnost s ručením omezeným       | s.r.o.       | Quota-based limited-liability company; minimum capital CZK 1; managed by one or more jednatelé; the default SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                    |
| Akciová společnost                  | a.s.         | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum capital CZK 2,000,000; supports dualistic (představenstvo + dozorčí rada) or monistic (správní rada) governance. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                        |
| Evropská společnost                 | SE           | EU-registered joint-stock company (Societas Europaea) formed under EU Regulation 2157/2001; minimum capital €120,000; registered in the Czech commercial register and subject to ZOK provisions for a.s. by analogy. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Veřejná obchodní společnost         | v.o.s.       | General partnership; all partners trade under a joint name and bear joint, unlimited personal liability; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                           |
| Komanditní společnost               | k.s.         | Limited partnership; at least one komplementář (general partner, unlimited liability) and one komanditista (limited partner, liability capped at contribution). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                        |
| Osoba samostatně výdělečně činná    | OSVČ         | Individual sole trader operating under a trade licence (živnostenský list) or professional authorisation; no separate legal entity; personal unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                           |
| Družstvo                            | —            | Cooperative with a minimum of three members; used in housing, agricultural, and consumer sectors; governed by member assembly; liability limited to cooperative assets. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                         |
| Organizační složka zahraniční osoby | —            | Branch or organisational unit of a foreign legal entity registered in the Czech commercial register; not a separate Czech legal entity — obligations fall on the foreign parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Výpis z obchodního rejstříku                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Společenská smlouva · Zakladatelská listina · Stanovy |
| Tax Registration       | Osvědčení o registraci k DPH                                        |
| Operating Permit       | Živnostenský list                                                   |
| Ownership Records      | Výpis z OR                                                          |
| Governance Records     | Výpis z OR                                                          |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Notarised board/shareholder resolution + Prokura    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Nájemní smlouva · Faktura za služby · Bankovní výpis  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                         | Proves                                              |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| **Výpis z obchodního rejstříku**                                 | Legal Registration                                  |
| **Společenská smlouva**                                          | Constitutive Documents                              |
| **Zakladatelská listina (single-member s.r.o.)**                 | Constitutive Documents                              |
| **Stanovy (a.s.)**                                               | Constitutive Documents                              |
| **Osvědčení o registraci k DPH**                                 | Tax Registration                                    |
| **Živnostenský list (Trade License)**                            | Operating Permit                                    |
| **Výpis z OR (s.r.o. members list / a.s. shareholder register)** | Ownership Records, Governance Records               |
| **Notarised board/shareholder resolution**                       | Signing Authority                                   |
| **Prokura (OR-registered)**                                      | Signing Authority                                   |
| **Nájemní smlouva**                                              | Address                                             |
| **Faktura za služby (≤90 dní)**                                  | Address                                             |
| **Bankovní výpis (≤90 dní)**                                     | Address                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                      | ČNB licence, Povolení ČNB (sector-specific licence) |

**Not applicable in Czechia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Download current extract (výpis) free at or.justice.cz; certified copy from Czech POINT (post offices, notaries) for official use.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised at formation; filed with OR; retrievable via or.justice.cz (sbírka listin).
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Finanční správa; DIČ = "CZ" + IČO. Entities below VAT threshold hold IČO only — request Finanční správa registration confirmation in that case.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the Živnostenský úřad (Trade Licensing Office). Covers free, craft, and regulated trades; exempt for liberal professions.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banks, payment institutions, and insurance companies. All issued by ČNB.
* **Ownership Records:** s.r.o.: members and shares recorded in OR and publicly accessible. a.s.: registered-share register held by company; bearer shares abolished in 2014.
* **Governance Records:** Lists jednatel(é) (s.r.o.) or představenstvo / správní rada members (a.s.) with signing authority and prokura grants.
* **Signing Authority:** Prokura registered in OR; single (jednatelská prokura) or joint. Ad-hoc POA by notarised plná moc.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                           | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Jednatel (s.r.o.)                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director with day-to-day management authority; statutory body.                                                          |
| Člen představenstva (a.s. dualistic) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board of directors member (představenstvo); operational management of a.s.                                                        |
| Člen správní rady (a.s. monistic)    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of sole monistic statutory body (správní rada, ZOK §§456–461, eff. 2021-01-01); combines executive and supervisory powers. |
| Člen dozorčí rady                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member; oversight/governance; no management authority.                                                          |
| Prokurista                           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of prokura registered in OR; broad commercial signing authority.                                                           |
| Komplementář (k.s.)                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner with management authority and unlimited liability.                                                                |

## Notes

* ESM public access removed 2025-12-17. Following CJEU WM/Sovim (C-37/20 & C-601/20, 2022-11-22) and Czech court rulings (Aug–Sept 2025), the Ministry of Justice closed public access to esm.justice.cz on 2025-12-17. Conduit, as an AML-obliged entity, should qualify for access but must demonstrate that status; a pending AMLD6 transposition amendment to Act 37/2021 Sb. (AMLD6 articles 11–13, 15 — deadline 2026-07-10) will formalise legitimate-interest rules — monitor for enactment.
* IČO doubles as the VAT base. DIČ = "CZ" + IČO; entities not VAT-registered have an IČO but no DIČ. Collect both OR extract (IČO) and Finanční správa DIČ confirmation separately; do not assume VAT registration from IČO alone.
* a.s. monistic structure: ředitel abolished 2021-01-01. The statutory director (statutární ředitel) was eliminated by the 2021 ZOK amendment; správní rada is now the sole monistic body with both executive and supervisory powers (ZOK §§456–461). OR extracts will show správní rada members only — no ředitel.
* Bearer shares are abolished. ZOK (2014) prohibited new bearer shares; all remaining bearer shares had to be immobilised or converted by 2019. All a.s. shares must now be registered — verify in OR/shareholder register.
* Živnostenský list is entity-level, not branch-level. A single trade license covers all branches of a Czech entity; there is no separate municipal operating-permit layer for standard commercial activities.


# Denmark
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/denmark

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Denmark (DNK) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value             |
| ------------ | ----------------- |
| Region       | Europe            |
| ISO 3166-1   | DK / DNK          |
| Registry     | Erhvervsstyrelsen |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Denmark and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name     | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | -------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **CVR-nummer** | Skattestyrelsen / Erhvervsstyrelsen |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CVR-nummer** | Skattestyrelsen / Erhvervsstyrelsen |

*Tax ID:* For most entities CVR = SE number; EU VAT ID is "DK" + 8-digit CVR (e.g., DK12345678). Certificate from virk.dk or Skat.

*Registration number:* For most entities CVR = SE number; EU VAT ID is "DK" + 8-digit CVR (e.g., DK12345678). Certificate from virk.dk or Skat.

## Sector regulators

`Finanstilsynet/DFSA` · `Nationalbanken`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Enkeltmandsvirksomhed              | —            | Sole proprietorship; no separate legal personality, the owner bears unlimited personal liability; no minimum capital; registered via virk.dk with a CPR number. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                |
| Anpartsselskab                     | ApS          | Private limited company; min. DKK 20,000 share capital (reduced from DKK 40,000 effective 2025-02-27); most common SME vehicle with separate legal personality and limited liability for members. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                          |
| Aktieselskab                       | A/S          | Public joint-stock company; min. DKK 400,000 share capital; freely transferable shares; mandatory supervisory board (bestyrelse) and executive board (direktion). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                       |
| Partnerselskab                     | P/S          | Limited partnership with share capital; hybrid of K/S and A/S governed by Selskabsloven; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and limited partners holding shares. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                                                         |
| Kommanditselskab                   | K/S          | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners; no minimum capital requirement. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                                                                                                |
| Interessentskab                    | I/S          | General partnership; all partners jointly and unlimitedly liable; no capital requirement; no mandatory annual report when all partners are natural persons. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                           |
| Andelsselskab med begrænset ansvar | A.M.B.A.     | Cooperative society with limited liability; members share in the cooperative's economic activity rather than holding transferable shares; governed by Lov om visse erhvervsdrivende virksomheder. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                  |
| Erhvervsdrivende Fond              | —            | Commercial (business-operating) foundation; separate legal entity with no members or shareholders; assets dedicated to a stated purpose; governed by Erhvervsfondsloven; common holding vehicle for major Danish family-owned groups. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust. |
| Filial af udenlandsk selskab       | —            | Registered branch of a foreign limited company or equivalent; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent bears full liability; must register with Erhvervsstyrelsen and obtain a CVR number. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                            |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | CVR-udskrift                                                |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Vedtægter + Stiftelsesdokument              |
| Tax Registration       | CVR-/SE-nummer registreringsbevis                           |
| Ownership Records      | Ejerbog                                                     |
| Governance Records     | CVR-udskrift                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Bestyrelsesreferat · Fuldmagt                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lejekontrakt · Forsyningsregning · Kontoudtog |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                             | Proves                    |
| ---------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| **CVR-udskrift**                                     | Legal Registration        |
| **Vedtægter**                                        | Constitutive Documents    |
| **Stiftelsesdokument**                               | Constitutive Documents    |
| **CVR-/SE-nummer registreringsbevis**                | Tax Registration          |
| **Ejerbog (internal share register)**                | Ownership Records         |
| **CVR-udskrift (direktion and bestyrelse sections)** | Governance Records        |
| **Bestyrelsesreferat (board resolution)**            | Signing Authority         |
| **Fuldmagt (power of attorney)**                     | Signing Authority         |
| **Lejekontrakt**                                     | Address                   |
| **Forsyningsregning (≤90 dage)**                     | Address                   |
| **Kontoudtog (≤90 dage)**                            | Address                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                          | Finanstilsynet tilladelse |

**Not applicable in Denmark:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable from datacvr.virk.dk; confirms CVR number, registered address, entity type, status, management.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Both filed with Erhvervsstyrelsen at incorporation; Vedtægter is the ongoing governance document; Stiftelsesdokument confirms founders and initial capital.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Skattestyrelsen; confirms SE number, VAT/payroll registrations. CVR number doubles as tax reference; VAT certificate printable from virk.dk.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banks, payment institutions, e-money, insurance, and investment firms. Licence register at finanstilsynet.dk.
* **Ownership Records:** The Ejerbog (share register) is maintained internally by the company per Danish company law. It records legal shareholders and their ownership stakes. For ApS, the share register need not be filed with Erhvervsstyrelsen but must be kept at the registered office.
* **Governance Records:** Management (direktion = executive directors; bestyrelse = supervisory board) listed publicly in CVR with roles and signing authority combinations.
* **Signing Authority:** CVR records signing-right combinations (tegningsret); board resolution or POA needed when authority is not self-evident from CVR.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                      |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Direktør (executive director)                                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of direktion; day-to-day operational authority; registered in CVR with signing rights.    |
| Bestyrelsesmedlem (board member)                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of bestyrelse (supervisory board); governance role; mandatory in A/S, optional in ApS.    |
| Bestyrelsesformand (board chair)                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of bestyrelse; governance role, not operational.                                           |
| Tegningsberettiget / fuldmagtshaver (authorized signatory / POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person holding tegningsret (signing authority) or notarized fuldmagt; legally binds the company. |

## Notes

* CVR = SE = VAT root: A single 8-digit CVR number serves as the company's registration ID, tax/SE number, and VAT base (prefixed "DK"); requests for separate "tax certificate" documents will return the same number in different contexts.
* IVS legacy data: Abolished 15 April 2019; any IVS still showing in CVR post-2021 is in compulsory dissolution or already struck off — treat as inactive.
* ApS minimum capital cut to DKK 20,000 effective 2025-02-27: Prior threshold was DKK 40,000; legacy documents or older onboarding data may reflect the old amount — verify current CVR filing.
* AMLR (EU) 2024/1624 transition: Full direct applicability from 2027-07-10; until then, AMLD6-transposed Danish national rules (including the 2025-09-01 access restriction) are in force. Monitor for further implementing acts through 2026–2027.


# Djibouti
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/djibouti

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Djibouti (DJI) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Africa     |
| ISO 3166-1   | DJ / DJI   |
| Registry     | ODPIC      |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Djibouti and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name     | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | -------------- | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**        | DGI    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCS** | ODPIC  |

*Tax ID:* Issued via Guichet Unique (ANPI); required for all taxpayers; obtained within 3 business days of formation.

*Registration number:* Attributed upon registration; published on ODPIC website. No publicly documented format standard.

## Sector regulators

`BCD`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company with one or more associés; managed by a gérant; minimum capital 1,000,000 DJF. The standard SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                      |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company with a board of directors; may issue shares to raise equity; AML law requires all shares to be registered. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                             |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Simplified share-capital company with flexible bylaws; no mandatory minimum capital; single shareholder permitted. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                           |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners are jointly and unlimitedly liable for company debts; all partners have the status of commerçant. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                     |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest grouping formed to facilitate or develop members' economic activities; no minimum share capital; activity must be auxiliary to members' own business. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | —            | Sole proprietorship operated by a single natural person; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability for business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Récépissé d'immatriculation RCS                                       |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation NIF                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Patente d'activité                                                    |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Registre des associés · Registre des actionnaires       |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCS + Statuts                                 |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |
| Good Standing          | Extrait RCS (daté)                                                    |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                                     |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| **Récépissé d'immatriculation RCS** | Legal Registration                         |
| **Statuts**                         | Constitutive Documents, Governance Records |
| **Attestation NIF**                 | Tax Registration                           |
| **Patente d'activité**              | Operating Permit                           |
| **Registre des associés (SARL)**    | Ownership Records                          |
| **Registre des actionnaires (SA)**  | Ownership Records                          |
| **Extrait RCS**                     | Governance Records                         |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale**         | Signing Authority                          |
| **Procuration notariée**            | Signing Authority                          |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                                    |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                                    |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                                    |
| **Extrait RCS (daté)**              | Good Standing                              |
| **Sector-Specific License**         | BCD agrément, ARMD licence sectorielle     |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by ODPIC; registration mandatory within 1 month of formation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Constitutive document under domestic Code de Commerce; two certified copies filed at ODPIC.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DGI; obtained via Guichet Unique (ANPI) alongside RCS registration.
* **Operating Permit:** DGI-issued business activity permit; obtained at Guichet Unique; registration completes within 3 business days.
* **Sector-Specific License:** BCD for banking, Islamic finance, microfinance, payment services; ARMD for telecoms, ICT, energy.
* **Governance Records:** Director/gérant identity filed at ODPIC on formation and on any change.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution or notarized power of attorney; no jurisdiction-specific standardized form.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Djibouti follows the subsumed-by-extract pattern: a dated Extrait RCS issued by ODPIC confirms current active registration status. Request a fresh extract (≤90 days). No separate certificate of good standing is issued.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                             |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manager of SARL or SNC; legal representative with day-to-day authority. |
| Président (SAS)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the SAS; sole mandatory officer with operational authority.       |
| Directeur Général (SA)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed by board; day-to-day management authority.                    |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over SA board; governance role.                                |
| Administrateur                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of SA board (Conseil d'Administration).                          |
| Mandataire / Procurateur              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized power of attorney; legally binds company.           |

## Notes

* Djibouti is not an OHADA member state (absent from OHADA's 17-member roster). Company law is governed entirely by the domestic Code de Commerce (Loi n° 134/AN/11/6ème L, 2012, as amended by Loi n° 001/AN/18, 2018). Do not apply OHADA Uniform Acts (AUSCGIE, AUDCG) to Djibouti entities.
* Djibouti is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH Status Table, 129 parties as of 31-XII-2025; Djibouti absent). Full legalisation chain required: Ministry of Justice → Ministry of Foreign Affairs → receiving country embassy.
* SA and SAS shares must be registered in a securities account per Loi 106/AN/24 (bearer shares prohibited from remaining unregistered). Implementing dematerialisation regulations have not been publicly confirmed as of 2026-05-06 — request written confirmation that shares are registered.
* The Guichet Unique (ANPI) is the single registration window: RCS (ODPIC), NIF (DGI), Patente (DGI), and CNSS social registration all obtained within 3 business days. Foreign-national managers must additionally provide a certified criminal record from their country of origin.


# Dominica
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/dominica

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Dominica (DMA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                         |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                 |
| ISO 3166-1   | DM / DMA                                                                      |
| Registry     | [Companies and Intellectual Property Office (CIPO)](https://www.cipo.gov.dm/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Dominica and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                            |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                         | Inland Revenue Division (IRD)                     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Companies and Intellectual Property Office (CIPO) |

*Tax ID:* Taxpayer Identification Number issued by the Inland Revenue Division after business registration for tax purposes; businesses must register with IRD before commencing operations.

*Registration number:* Issued by CIPO upon incorporation, external-company registration, or business-name registration; appears on the CIPO certificate or registry extract. Operating under an unregistered business name is an offence.

## Sector regulators

`FSU` · `ECCB` · `ECSRC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                      |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares              | Ltd.         | Privately held share-capital company; liability generally limited to unpaid amounts on shares. Comparable to a privately held corporation, not a US LLC.         |
| Public Company Limited by Shares               | PLC          | Share-capital company that may offer shares to the public subject to corporate and securities requirements; not necessarily listed on an exchange.               |
| Company Limited by Guarantee                   | Ltd.         | Company without share capital, typically for non-profit, association, club, charitable, or member-based purposes; members' liability limited by guarantee.       |
| Registered Business Name (Sole Trader)         | —            | Natural person operating under a business name registered at CIPO; no separate legal personality from the owner.                                                 |
| Registered Business Name (Firm or Partnership) | —            | Firm or partnership operating under a registered business name; CIPO provides the BN2 form for registration by a firm or partnership.                            |
| External Company                               | —            | Company incorporated outside Dominica but registered with CIPO to carry on business in Dominica; foreign-incorporated companies operating locally must register. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Registration of Business Name · Certificate of Registration of External Company · CIPO Registry Extract |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation *(optional: By-Laws)*                                                                                                                     |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · IRD Registration Letter · IRD Tax Document                                                                                          |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                                                                                                                                    |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Register of Members · Register of Substantial Shareholders · Annual Return *(optional: Share Allotment or Transfer Records)*                          |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · CIPO Director Filing                                                                                                          |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney · Account Mandate                                                                                                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                                                                       |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · CIPO Registry Extract                                                                                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                            | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Certificate of Registration of Business Name**    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Certificate of Registration of External Company** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **CIPO Registry Extract / Company Search**          | Legal Registration, Good Standing                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                       | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **By-Laws**                                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **TIN Certificate**                                 | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **IRD Registration Letter**                         | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Official IRD tax document showing TIN**           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Business / Trade / Professional Licence**         | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Register of Members / Share Register**            | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Register of Substantial Shareholders**            | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Annual Return**                                   | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Share Allotment or Transfer Records**             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Register of Directors**                           | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **CIPO director filing (Form 9A per director)**     | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Board Resolution**                                | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Power of Attorney**                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Account mandate / authorized signatory list**     | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Lease Agreement**                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Utility bill (dated within 90 days)**             | Address                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Bank statement (dated within 90 days)**           | Address                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                    | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                         | Financial Services Unit Licence / Registration (incl. virtual asset business), Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Licence (banking), Eastern Caribbean Securities Regulatory Commission Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by CIPO on incorporation, business-name registration, or external-company registration. A current CIPO registry extract is an accepted alternative.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed at CIPO on incorporation; By-Laws collected where applicable/available.
* **Tax Registration:** Any official IRD evidence showing the TIN is accepted. Do not require VAT registration unless the business is VAT-registered or required to be.
* **Operating Permit:** Conditional — IRD or the local authority determines after registration whether the activity requires a licence (e.g. store/parlour, huckster, liquor, professional). Collect only where required.
* **Sector-Specific License:** FSU regulates financial entities including virtual asset businesses; ECCB is the central monetary authority for the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union; ECSRC regulates securities-market participants.
* **Ownership Records:** Prefer the Register of Members; Register of Substantial Shareholders or Annual Return accepted where available.
* **Governance Records:** CIPO's current director filing is Form 9A (one per director); older references to a "Notice of Directors / Form 9" may be outdated.
* **Signing Authority:** A company secretary is not automatically a legal representative; require resolution, mandate, articles, or other local authority to bind the company.
* **Address:** Collect evidence of the registered office and, if different, the operating address. Utility bills and bank statements must be dated within 90 days; a current lease does not need to be.
* **Good Standing:** Risk-based; recommended for regulated, higher-risk, foreign-owned, or older entities. Prefer a certificate or current CIPO registry extract issued within the last 3-6 months.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                              |
| ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed board member responsible for company management or oversight; evidenced by the Register of Directors or CIPO filing (Form 9A). |
| Managing Director / CEO / General Manager | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Responsible for day-to-day management and/or authorized representation of the company.                                                   |
| Company Secretary                         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Treat as legal representative only if authorized to bind the company via resolution, mandate, articles, or other local authority.        |
| Authorized Signatory                      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorized by board resolution, power of attorney, mandate, or equivalent to act for the business.                                       |
| Partner                                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Partner in a firm or partnership operating under a registered business name; may also hold an ownership or controlling interest.         |

## Notes

* Dominica's IBC regime has been closed/repealed; legacy IBCs are not a current standard entity type. If a customer presents legacy IBC documents, escalate for enhanced review and request evidence of transition, continuation, dissolution, or current CIPO status.
* All business names must be registered with CIPO; operating under an unregistered business name is an offence.
* A company incorporated in another jurisdiction that intends to carry on business in Dominica must register with CIPO as an external company.
* IRD informs a business after registration whether its activity requires a licence and of what type — do not require a trade or business licence for every customer by default.
* For any customer in financial services, money services, virtual assets, securities, banking, insurance, trust services, or gaming, collect the applicable FSU / ECCB / ECSRC licence or registration evidence in addition to standard KYB documents.


# Dominican Republic
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/dominican-republic

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Dominican Republic (DOM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                           |
| ------------ | ------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | DO / DOM                        |
| Registry     | Cámara de Comercio y Producción |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Dominican Republic and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                    | Issuer                                         |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RNC**                       | DGII (Dirección General de Impuestos Internos) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Registro Mercantil number** | Cámara de Comercio                             |

*Tax ID:* Registro Nacional del Contribuyente for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Mercantile registry number issued by the Chamber of Commerce.

## Sector regulators

`SB` · `SIMV` · `Sup. de Pensiones`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                               | S.A.         | Share-capital corporation with minimum authorized capital of RD\$30 million; shareholders' liability limited to their contributions. Standard vehicle for large enterprises and publicly listed companies. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                         |
| Sociedad Anónima Simplificada                  | S.A.S.       | Simplified share-capital corporation with flexible governance and lower capital threshold (RD\$3 million minimum); shares are transferable. Favored for startups and foreign investment. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                           |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada           | S.R.L.       | Quota-based limited-liability company with liability capped at each partner's capital contribution; minimum capital RD\$100,000. The default SME vehicle in the Dominican Republic. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                   |
| Empresa Individual de Responsabilidad Limitada | E.I.R.L.     | Single-owner limited-liability enterprise with separate legal personality, shielding the individual's personal assets from business debts. Introduced by Ley 479-08 as the formal one-person business vehicle. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship with limited liability. |
| Persona Física / Comerciante Individual        | —            | Natural person registered as an individual trader in the Registro Mercantil; no separate legal entity and unlimited personal liability for business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                            |
| Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo                   | S.N.C.       | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear unlimited, joint, and subsidiary liability for the company's obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                       |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple                   | S.C.S.       | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                      |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones             | S.C.A.       | Partnership limited by shares with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and three or more limited partners holding transferable shares; minimum capital RD\$100,000. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                         |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera                | —            | Branch or permanent establishment of a foreign company registered in the Dominican Republic's Registro Mercantil; not a separate legal entity — the parent company bears full liability. Equivalent to a US Branch/Representative Office.                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                   |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Registro Mercantil                                                                                 |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Acta de Incorporación + Estatutos                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | Certificación RNC                                                                                  |
| Operating Permit       | Registro Mercantil                                                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Acta de Incorporación + Nómina de Accionistas                                      |
| Governance Records     | *Required:* (Any one of: Acta de Asamblea · Acta Notarial de Nombramiento) + Acta de Incorporación |
| Signing Authority      | Acta de Asamblea                                                                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Factura de Servicio · Estado de Cuenta Bancario          |
| Good Standing          | Certificación de Vigencia del Registro Mercantil                                                   |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                  | Proves                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Registro Mercantil (Cámara de Comercio)**                               | Legal Registration, Operating Permit                          |
| **Acta de Incorporación**                                                 | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Estatutos**                                                             | Constitutive Documents                                        |
| **Certificación RNC (DGII)**                                              | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Nómina de Accionistas**                                                 | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Acta de Asamblea (appointment of directors)**                           | Governance Records, Signing Authority                         |
| **Acta Notarial de Nombramiento (directors)**                             | Governance Records                                            |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                                             | Address                                                       |
| **Factura de Servicio (≤90 días)**                                        | Address                                                       |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**                                  | Address                                                       |
| **Certificación de Vigencia del Registro Mercantil (Cámara de Comercio)** | Good Standing                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                               | SB, SIMV, Sup. de Pensiones                                   |

### Collection notes

* **Governance Records:** The Acta de Incorporación evidences the original directors at formation and is always required. For subsequent board changes, collect either the Acta de Asamblea or the Acta Notarial de Nombramiento — whichever evidences the current board composition.
* **Address:** Accepted: lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement (utility/bank dated within 90 days). Either document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address verification.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Cámara de Comercio y Producción of the entity's jurisdiction. The Registro Mercantil itself requires periodic renewal (every two years for companies); the Certificación de Vigencia confirms the renewal is current and the entity is in good registry standing. Banks typically require issuance within 60 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description              |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------ |
| Gerente             | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages S.R.L.           |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board/company president. |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.    |


# Democratic Republic of the Congo
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/drc

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Democratic Republic of the Congo (COD) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                              |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | CD / COD                                           |
| Registry     | [RCCM (Guichet Unique)](https://guichetunique.cd/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Democratic Republic of the Congo and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                   |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**         | DGI DRC                                  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | Guichet Unique de Création d'Entreprises |

*Tax ID:* Numéro d'Identification Fiscale issued by DGI.

*Registration number:* OHADA Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier number issued via the Guichet Unique.

## Sector regulators

`BCC` · `CENAREF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company; the default SME vehicle under OHADA AUSCGIE. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                               |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company with board of directors and transferable shares; AUSCGIE Art. 387 sets minimum capital, denominated in CDF in DRC. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                       |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Simplified joint-stock company with flexible bylaws, transferable shares, and fewer governance requirements than an SA. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                        |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership where all partners bear unlimited joint liability for company debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                          |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more silent partners (liable only to extent of contribution). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                              |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name; registered at RCCM but no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                         |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest group enabling members to pool resources for common economic purpose without forming a full company. Closest US equivalent: Statutory Business Trust or joint venture.                                  |
| Société Coopérative              | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperatives (2010); registered with national cooperative registry. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                         |
| Succursale                       | —            | Branch of foreign company registered at RCCM under AUSCGIE Art. 116–120; lacks independent legal personality and must incorporate as local entity within two years unless exempted. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | NIF Certificate                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Patente                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions  |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'AG · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                                                               |
| ----------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM (Guichet Unique)**   | Legal Registration, Governance Records                               |
| **Statuts**                         | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records        |
| **NIF Certificate**                 | Tax Registration                                                     |
| **Patente**                         | Operating Permit                                                     |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**    | Ownership Records                                                    |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**       | Ownership Records                                                    |
| **PV de nomination**                | Governance Records                                                   |
| **PV d'AG**                         | Signing Authority                                                    |
| **Résolution du Conseil**           | Signing Authority                                                    |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                                                              |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                                                              |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                                                              |
| **Sector-Specific License**         | BCC, CENAREF — Cellule Nationale des Renseignements Financiers (FIU) |

**Not applicable in Democratic Republic of the Congo:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role        | Canonical API role     | Description                             |
| ----------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Gérant            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages the SARL. Legal representative. |
| Président         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the SAS.                          |
| Directeur Général | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management in an SA.         |
| Administrateur    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board in an SA.           |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                               |
| ---------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital information for founders/shareholders. |

## Notes

* OHADA member but uses its own central bank (BCC) and is not in CEMAC; SA capital denominated in CDF.


# Ecuador
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/ecuador

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Ecuador (ECU) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                      |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                              |
| ISO 3166-1   | EC / ECU                                                                                                   |
| Registry     | [SCVS (Superintendencia de Compañías, Valores y Seguros) + SRI (tax authority)](https://www.gob.ec/scvs-0) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-13                                                                                                 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Ecuador and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                | Issuer                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RUC**                                   | SRI (Servicio de Rentas Internas)                         |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número de Expediente / Inscripción RM** | Superintendencia de Compañías (SCVS) + Registro Mercantil |

*Tax ID:* 13-digit Registro Único de Contribuyentes for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Expediente number with SCVS plus the local Registro Mercantil inscription.

## Sector regulators

`SCVS` · `SB`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------ | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Compañía de Responsabilidad Limitada | Cía. Ltda.      | Closely-held company with quota-based capital; partners' liability is limited to their contributions. Up to 15 partners; the standard SME vehicle in Ecuador. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                              |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | S.A.            | Share-capital corporation with freely transferable registered shares and separate legal personality; no cap on shareholders. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                        |
| Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada   | S.A.S.          | Simplified share-capital company introduced in 2020; can be formed by one or more shareholders via private instrument with reduced formalities. Share-based, not quota-based. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                       |
| Compañía en Nombre Colectivo         | C.N.C.          | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear unlimited, joint and several liability for company obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                  |
| Compañía en Comandita Simple         | C. en C.        | Limited partnership with one or more general partners (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at contribution); capital represented by non-transferable participations. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).          |
| Compañía en Comandita por Acciones   | C. en C. por A. | Limited partnership whose limited-partner capital is divided into freely transferable shares; general partners retain unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                        |
| Compañía de Economía Mixta           | —               | Public-private hybrid company in which the State (central government, municipalities, or public entities) holds equity alongside private shareholders; governed by the Ley de Compañías. No direct US equivalent; closest analogy is a Public Benefit Corporation. |
| Sucursal de Compañía Extranjera      | —               | Branch of a foreign legal entity domiciled in Ecuador under SCVS authorization; not a separate legal person — the parent company bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Branch/Rep Office.                                                           |
| Persona Natural                      | —               | Individual trading under their own name; no separate legal entity. Those exceeding SRI income/asset thresholds must maintain double-entry books. Regulated by the Código de Comercio and SRI. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Resolución Aprobatoria + Inscripción RM + Publicación en Prensa                     |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                       |
| Tax Registration       | RUC                                                                                                 |
| Operating Permit       | Permiso Municipal de Funcionamiento                                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Libro de Acciones                                                 |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Nombramiento del Rep. Legal                                     |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Nombramiento del Rep. Legal + Acta de Junta General                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Planilla de Servicios Básicos · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |
| Good Standing          | Certificado de Cumplimiento de Obligaciones                                                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                              | Proves                                |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Resolución Aprobatoria (SCVS)**                     | Legal Registration                    |
| **Inscripción RM**                                    | Legal Registration                    |
| **Publicación en Prensa**                             | Legal Registration                    |
| **Escritura Pública de Constitución o Reforma**       | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Estatutos**                                         | Constitutive Documents                |
| **RUC (SRI)**                                         | Tax Registration                      |
| **Permiso Municipal de Funcionamiento**               | Operating Permit                      |
| **Escritura Pública de Constitución o Reforma**       | Ownership Records                     |
| **Libro de Acciones / Nómina de Socios**              | Ownership Records                     |
| **Escritura Pública de Constitución o Reforma**       | Governance Records                    |
| **Nombramiento del Rep. Legal**                       | Governance Records, Signing Authority |
| **Acta de Junta General**                             | Signing Authority                     |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                         | Address                               |
| **Planilla de Servicios Básicos (≤90 días)**          | Address                               |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**              | Address                               |
| **Certificado de Cumplimiento de Obligaciones (CCO)** | Good Standing                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                           | SCVS, SB                              |

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** The Anexo APS filing was superseded by REBEFICS as the SRI's corporate-composition reporting mechanism.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Electronic certificate issued by the SCVS (Superintendencia de Compañías, Valores y Seguros) confirming the company is current on its statutory obligations. Downloadable from supercias.gob.ec; issued with current date. Banks typically require issuance within 30 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                   |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| Gerente General     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative and CEO. |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair.                  |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.         |

## Notes

* Both SCVS approval and newspaper publication are required formation steps.


# Egypt
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/egypt

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Egypt (EGY) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                            |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                                           |
| ISO 3166-1   | EG / EGY                                                                         |
| Registry     | [Commercial Registry (GAFI)](https://www.gafi.gov.eg/English/Pages/default.aspx) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Egypt and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                     |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Card / Bitaqa Daraibiya** | Egyptian Tax Authority     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Commercial Registry Number**  | Commercial Registry (GAFI) |

*Tax ID:* Tax Card (Bitaqa Daraibiya) issued by the Egyptian Tax Authority.

*Registration number:* Commercial registry number printed on the Mostakhrag extract.

## Sector regulators

`CBE` · `FRA` · `GAFI` · `EMLCU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                              | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Joint Stock Company                     | SAE          | Share-capital company whose capital is divided into equal, transferable shares; minimum 3 shareholders and EGP 250,000 capital; may be private (closed) or publicly listed; governed by a board of directors. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                   |
| Partnership Limited by Shares           | PLS          | Hybrid company whose capital is divided into shares; at least one general partner bears unlimited liability while other shareholders are limited to their share value; capital structure and governance mirror those of a JSC. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.  |
| Limited Liability Company               | LLC          | Quota-based, closely-held company with 2–50 partners whose liability is limited to their capital contributions; no minimum capital required; managed by one or more appointed managers. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                            |
| One-Person Company                      | OPC          | Single-shareholder limited-liability vehicle introduced by the 2018 Companies Law amendment; the sole owner's liability is limited to their contribution. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                    |
| General Partnership                     | —            | Two or more partners who all bear joint and unlimited liability for the partnership's obligations; not a separate legal entity distinct from its partners. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                    |
| Simple Commandite (Limited Partnership) | —            | Partnership with at least one active (general) partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more sleeping (limited) partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; no shares are issued. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sole Proprietorship                     | —            | Single natural person conducting trade under their own name or a registered trade name (Munsha'a Fardiya); no separate legal personality; registered with the Commercial Registry and tax authority. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.               |
| Foreign Branch / Representative Office  | —            | Extension of a foreign legal entity operating in Egypt; not a separate Egyptian legal person; registered with GAFI and subject to Egyptian tax on Egypt-sourced income. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Commercial Registry Extract                                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation                                                           |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Card                                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Industrial Activity License · Commercial Activity License             |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Articles of Association · Shareholders Register · GAFI Filing Extract |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Articles of Association + Board Minutes                             |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* عقد إيجار · فاتورة خدمات · كشف حساب بنكي                              |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                             | Proves                                                                                                                             |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Commercial Registry Extract (Mostakhrag)**                         | Legal Registration                                                                                                                 |
| **Articles of Incorporation (Nizam Asasi — SAE / Aqd Ta'sis — LLC)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                             |
| **Tax Card (Bitaqa Daraibiya)**                                      | Tax Registration                                                                                                                   |
| **Industrial Activity License**                                      | Operating Permit                                                                                                                   |
| **Commercial Activity License**                                      | Operating Permit                                                                                                                   |
| **Articles**                                                         | Ownership Records                                                                                                                  |
| **Shareholders' Register**                                           | Ownership Records                                                                                                                  |
| **GAFI filing**                                                      | Ownership Records                                                                                                                  |
| **Articles**                                                         | Governance Records                                                                                                                 |
| **Board Minutes (filed at CR)**                                      | Governance Records                                                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution (notarized)**                                     | Signing Authority                                                                                                                  |
| **عقد إيجار**                                                        | Address                                                                                                                            |
| **فاتورة خدمات (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                     | Address                                                                                                                            |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                    | Address                                                                                                                            |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                          | CBE — Central Bank of Egypt License, FRA — Financial Regulatory Authority License, GAFI — General Authority for Investment License |

**Not applicable in Egypt:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** GAFI for general companies; FRA for non-bank financial institutions; CBE for banks.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Accepted for both registered-address and operating-address verification.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role               | Canonical API role     | Description                                  |
| ------------------------ | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| Manager (LLC)            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative. Day-to-day operations. |
| Board Director (JSC/SAE) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member.                                |
| Chairman (JSC/SAE)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the board.                             |
| Branch Manager           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | For foreign branch offices.                  |

## Notes

* Online registry access requires an Egyptian national ID; foreign entities may not be able to self-verify.


# El Salvador
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/el-salvador

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in El Salvador (SLV) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                              |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                      |
| ISO 3166-1   | SV / SLV                           |
| Registry     | CNR (Centro Nacional de Registros) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in El Salvador and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name               | Issuer                             |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIT**                  | Ministerio de Hacienda             |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Matrícula de Empresa** | Centro Nacional de Registros (CNR) |

*Tax ID:* Número de Identificación Tributaria for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Company registration number issued by the CNR.

## Sector regulators

`SSF` · `SIGET`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | S.A.         | Fixed-capital joint-stock company with shares freely transferable; requires at least two shareholders and registration at the CNR. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                            |
| Sociedad Anónima de Capital Variable | S.A. de C.V. | Variable-capital joint-stock company allowing easier capital adjustments without full deed amendment; most common corporate form in El Salvador. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                              |
| Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada   | S.A.S.       | Simplified share-capital company introduced by 2024 Código de Comercio reform; can be formed by a single shareholder with as little as US\$1 using a CNR-provided form without a notarial deed. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.               |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | S. de R.L.   | Quota-based limited-liability company capped at 25 partners; partners' liability is limited to their contributions and quotas are not freely transferable without partner consent. Equivalent to a US LLC.                               |
| Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo         | S.N.C.       | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective firm name and bear unlimited, joint, and personal liability for the entity's obligations. Equivalent to a US GP.                                                      |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple         | S. en C.S.   | Limited partnership with one or more general partners bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution; no transferable shares. Equivalent to a US LP.                       |
| Comerciante Individual               | —            | A natural person who engages in trade or commerce in their own name; registered with the CNR as an individual merchant but carries unlimited personal liability with no legal-entity separation. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Cooperativa                          | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by the Ley General de Asociaciones Cooperativas; formed for mutual economic benefit with democratic governance and surplus distributed among members. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.              |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera      | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company operating in El Salvador; the parent retains full liability and must register with the CNR's Registro de Comercio. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Inscripción CNR                                                                           |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                             |
| Tax Registration       | Tarjeta NIT                                                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Licencia de Funcionamiento                                                                |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Accionistas                                  |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Credencial de Junta Directiva                         |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Credencial Rep. Legal + Punto de Acta                                     |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                            | Proves                                |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Inscripción CNR**                                 | Legal Registration                    |
| **Escritura Pública**                               | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Estatutos**                                       | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Tarjeta NIT**                                     | Tax Registration                      |
| **Licencia de Funcionamiento (alcaldía municipal)** | Operating Permit                      |
| **Escritura Pública**                               | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Libro de Accionistas**                            | Ownership Records                     |
| **Credencial de Junta Directiva**                   | Governance Records                    |
| **Credencial Rep. Legal**                           | Signing Authority                     |
| **Punto de Acta**                                   | Signing Authority                     |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                       | Address                               |
| **Recibo de Servicios (≤90 días)**                  | Address                               |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**            | Address                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                         | SSF, SIGET                            |

**Not applicable in El Salvador:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                                |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board president.                           |
| Director / Vocal    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member.                              |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.                      |
| Administrador Único | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Sole administrator (alternative to board). |


# Equatorial Guinea
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/equatorial-guinea

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Equatorial Guinea (GNQ) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                        |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Africa                                                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | GQ / GNQ                                                     |
| Registry     | Registro de la Propiedad y Mercantil, Ministerio de Justicia |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Equatorial Guinea and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                | Issuer                                                                 |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF (Número de Identificación Fiscal)** | Unidad de Identificación Fiscal, Ministerio de Hacienda y Presupuestos |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número de Inscripción Registral**       | Registro de la Propiedad y Mercantil, Ministerio de Justicia           |

*Tax ID:* Assigned via VUE (Ventanilla Única Empresarial); mandatory for all entities.

*Registration number:* Issued upon inscription in the Registro Mercantil via VUE.

## Sector regulators

`COBAC` · `COSUMAF` · `CIMA` · `ANIF` · `BEAC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | SRL / SARL   | Quota-based private limited company; the standard SME vehicle under OHADA AUSCGIE; liability capped at capital contributions; minimum capital XAF 100,000 (Decreto Ley 45/2020). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                    |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | SA           | Share-capital company with transferable shares and mandatory board structure; minimum capital XAF 10,000,000 (AUSCGIE Art. 387); may be closely held or publicly listed. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                     |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée       | SAS          | Simplified share-capital company under OHADA AUSCGIE; flexible governance with no statutory minimum capital; shares not freely tradable on public markets. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                   |
| Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo         | SNC          | General partnership under OHADA AUSCGIE; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts; at least two members required. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                              |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple         | SCS          | Limited partnership under OHADA AUSCGIE; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                                         |
| Empresario Individual                | —            | Sole trader / individual entrepreneur registered under the OHADA Uniform Act on General Commercial Law (AUDCG 2010); no separate legal personality; the natural person is personally liable for all business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique      | GIE          | Economic interest group under OHADA AUSCGIE; enables two or more persons or entities to pool resources for a specific economic purpose without forming a full company; members retain unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Statutory Business Trust. |
| Cooperativa                          | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (AUSCOOP 2010); members share profits and bear liability proportional to participation; common in agriculture and services. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.         |
| Sucursal de Empresa Extranjera       | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company; no separate legal personality; the parent entity bears full liability for the branch's obligations; must register with the Registro Mercantil via VUE. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificado de Inscripción                                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Estatutos · Acta Constitutiva                                                         |
| Tax Registration       | Certificado NIF                                                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Patente Comercial                                                                                   |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Estatutos + Libro de Socios/Accionistas                                             |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Certificado de Inscripción Registral + Estatutos + Acta de nombramiento             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Acta de Asamblea General · Resolución del Consejo de Administración                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Factura de Servicios Públicos · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                            | Proves                                                        |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificado de Inscripción (Registro Mercantil)** | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Estatutos**                                       | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Acta Constitutiva**                               | Constitutive Documents                                        |
| **Certificado NIF**                                 | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente Comercial**                               | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Libro de Socios/Accionistas**                     | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Certificado de Inscripción (Registro Mercantil)** | Governance Records                                            |
| **Acta de nombramiento**                            | Governance Records                                            |
| **Acta de Asamblea General**                        | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Resolución del Consejo de Administración**        | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                       | Address                                                       |
| **Factura de Servicios Públicos (≤90 días)**        | Address                                                       |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**            | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                         | COBAC (banking), COSUMAF (capital markets), CIMA (insurance)  |

**Not applicable in Equatorial Guinea:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Registro de la Propiedad y Mercantil, Ministerio de Justicia. No online portal.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised public deed required; OHADA-compliant; marital status of founders mandatory.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Unidad de Identificación Fiscal (VUE/Ministerio de Hacienda); governed by Ley N°1/2024.
* **Operating Permit:** Municipal/national commercial operating permit; obtained via Ministerio de Comercio.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific license from sub-regional body; required for regulated industries.
* **Governance Records:** Directors named in the Acta Constitutiva and subsequent appointment minutes.
* **Signing Authority:** Board/general assembly resolution or notarised power of attorney.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                              |
| --------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant / Gerente                              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Appointed manager of SRL; legal representative.          |
| Directeur Général / Director General          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director with day-to-day management authority. |
| Administrateur / Consejero                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member of SA or SAS.                               |
| Président du Conseil / Presidente del Consejo | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair; governance role.                            |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                                              |
| ---------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Estatutos / Acta Constitutiva require founders' marital regime under AUSCGIE. |

## Notes

* Equatorial Guinea uses Spanish (not French) as the dominant commercial-filing language, even though OHADA texts are in French; expect Estatutos, not Statuts.
* No public online Registro Mercantil portal; registry searches are paper-based and take 7–14 days — plan for extended turnaround on corporate extracts.
* Equatorial Guinea is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (verified 2026-05-06 via HCCH status table); foreign documents require full diplomatic legalisation.
* The new Ley General Tributaria N°1/2024 (in force Nov 2024) supersedes the 2004 tax law — any reference to the old law is stale.


# Estonia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/estonia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Estonia (EST) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value               |
| ------------ | ------------------- |
| Region       | Europe              |
| ISO 3166-1   | EE / EST            |
| Registry     | RIK / e-Äriregister |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Estonia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name       | Issuer              |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **KMKR**         | EMTA                |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Registrikood** | RIK / e-Äriregister |

*Tax ID:* Format: "EE" + 9 digits (e.g., EE100207415). Mandatory VAT registration when turnover exceeds €40,000; voluntary registration available. Since 2025-08-07 EMTA requires demonstrable economic nexus to Estonia for new KMKR registrations.

*Registration number:* 8-digit number (format NNNNNNNN; leading digit indicates entity type — "1" = commercial entity). Assigned at incorporation; appears on all registry extracts.

## Sector regulators

`Finantsinspektsioon` · `Rahapesu Andmebüroo` · `Eesti Pank` · `TTJA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ----------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Osaühing                      | OÜ           | Private limited company with minimum share capital €0.01 per shareholder (since 2023 Commercial Code reform); shares not publicly traded. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                         |
| Aktsiaselts                   | AS           | Joint-stock company with minimum share capital €25,000; shares registered with the Estonian Central Register of Securities; mandatory supervisory board. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                       |
| Täisühing                     | TÜ           | General partnership with two or more partners each bearing unlimited joint liability for partnership obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                 |
| Usaldusühing                  | UÜ           | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner liable only to the extent of contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                     |
| Füüsilisest isikust ettevõtja | FIE          | Sole proprietor; a natural person conducting business under their own name, registered in e-Äriregister, with unlimited personal liability and no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                     |
| Tulundusühistu                | TÜH          | Commercial cooperative established to serve the shared economic interests of members; member-owned, governed on one-member-one-vote basis, with profits distributed or reinvested; registered in e-Äriregister. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                           |
| Mittetulundusühing            | MTÜ          | Non-profit association with non-commercial purpose, membership-based, unable to distribute profits to members; registered in the non-profit associations and foundations register (RIK). Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                            |
| Sihtasutus                    | SA           | Foundation with assets dedicated to a specific purpose by a founder; no members, governed by a board, unable to distribute assets for private benefit; registered in the non-profit associations and foundations register (RIK). Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Foundation. |
| Välisettevõtja filiaal        | —            | Branch of a foreign company; not a separate legal entity; parent company bears full liability; registered in e-Äriregister with a required local contact person. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                        |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Äriregistri väljavõte                                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | Põhikiri                                                                |
| Tax Registration       | KMKR tõend                                                              |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Osanike nimekiri · Aktsiaraamat                           |
| Governance Records     | Äriregistri väljavõte                                                   |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Juhatuse otsus · Volikiri                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Üürileping · Kommunaalmaksete arve · Pangakonto väljavõte |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                             | Proves                                                           |
| ---------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Äriregistri väljavõte (e-Äriregister extract)**    | Legal Registration                                               |
| **Põhikiri (Articles of Association)**               | Constitutive Documents                                           |
| **KMKR tõend (VAT registration certificate, EMTA)**  | Tax Registration                                                 |
| **Osanike nimekiri (OÜ — members' register)**        | Ownership Records                                                |
| **Aktsiaraamat (AS — share register)**               | Ownership Records                                                |
| **Äriregistri väljavõte (juhatuse liikmed section)** | Governance Records                                               |
| **Juhatuse otsus (board resolution)**                | Signing Authority                                                |
| **Volikiri (notarised power of attorney)**           | Signing Authority                                                |
| **Üürileping**                                       | Address                                                          |
| **Kommunaalmaksete arve (≤90 päeva)**                | Address                                                          |
| **Pangakonto väljavõte (≤90 päeva)**                 | Address                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                          | FI tegevusluba (FSA licence), RAB tegevusluba (FIU VASP licence) |

**Not applicable in Estonia:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable PDF from ariregister.rik.ee; includes registrikood, address, management board, share capital.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with and retrievable from e-Äriregister; single document for OÜ and AS.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued via EMTA e-services portal (emta.ee); confirms KMKR number and start date. If company is not VAT-registered, use EMTA confirmation of registrikood instead.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for: credit institutions, payment/e-money institutions, investment firms, insurance, fund managers, crowdfunding, crypto-asset service providers.
* **Governance Records:** Management board (juhatus) members are publicly listed in registry extract; supervisory board (nõukogu) mandatory for AS, optional for OÜ.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution sufficient for routine account-opening; notarized volikiri for statutory or real-property acts. For e-resident companies with foreign-resident boards, resolution signed via digital ID is legally equivalent.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                          |
| ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Juhatuse liige (management board member)  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer with day-to-day management authority; legally represents company.                                                  |
| Juhatuse esimees (management board chair) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of management board; same legal authority as juhatuse liige.                                                                   |
| Nõukogu liige (supervisory board member)  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory governance role; mandatory for AS, optional for OÜ; no day-to-day management authority.                                  |
| Prokurist (procurist)                     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of prokura — statutory commercial POA registered in e-Äriregister; broad signing authority short of alienating real property. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                                                     | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Contact person in Estonia (name + registry-authorised provider details)` | founder    | Required under Commercial Code if management board has no Estonian/EU-resident member; must be a notary, advocate, sworn auditor, or licensed trust-and-company service provider. |

## Notes

* E-resident OÜs dominate Estonia's registry. A large share of OÜs have entirely foreign-resident management boards and shareholders. The registered address is frequently a virtual-office service provider — always collect separate proof of actual operating address, which may be in another country entirely.
* No minimum share capital enforcement gap. OÜs formed since 2023-02-01 can have €0.01 share capital. However, shareholders of OÜs with share capital below €2,500 are personally liable for bankruptcy trustee fees up to €2,500 total (Bankruptcy Act § 29(91)). Flag this for credit-risk purposes.
* VASP licensing transition. Crypto-asset service providers operating under pre-MiCA FIU (RAB) VASP licences must reapply to Finantsinspektsioon by 2026-07-01; existing RAB licences become invalid after that date with no automatic conversion. Treat RAB VASP licence as time-limited.
* AMLR 2024/1624 is pending but not yet in force. Directly applicable from 2027-07-10. Until then, the current MLTFPA threshold of more than 25% remains operative; the shift to 25% or more under AMLR takes effect on that date with no Estonian legislative action required.


# Eswatini
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/eswatini

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Eswatini (SWZ) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | SZ / SWZ                     |
| Registry     | Registrar of Companies, MCIT |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Eswatini and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                         |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                         | ERS (Eswatini Revenue Service) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Registrar of Companies, MCIT   |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit number; ERS issues a TIN Registration Certificate on successful registration.

*Registration number:* Assigned on incorporation; printed on Certificate of Incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`CBE` · `FSRA` · `EFIC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ----------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company               | (Pty) Ltd    | Closely-held share-capital company with restricted share transfers; minimum 1 director; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                               |
| Public Company                | Ltd          | Share-capital company with freely transferable shares, optionally listed on a stock exchange; audited financials required; minimum 2 directors. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                    |
| Sole Proprietorship           | —            | Single individual trading under a registered business name; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Registrable under the Registration of Businesses Act 1933. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.      |
| Partnership                   | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business in common; all partners bear unlimited joint liability. Registrable under the Registration of Businesses Act 1933. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.           |
| Cooperative Society           | —            | Member-owned entity registered under the Co-operative Societies Act 2003; governed by a Commissioner for Cooperative Development; requires minimum of seven founding members. Equivalent to a US Cooperative. |
| Non-Profit Making Association | —            | Association incorporated without share capital under the Companies Act 2009; profits may not be distributed to members. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                                             |
| Foreign Company               | —            | Branch of a foreign entity registered with the Registrar of Companies; not a separate legal person from the parent. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                        |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Registration Certificate                                  |
| Operating Permit       | Trading Licence                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Share Register + Annual Return                |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Annual Return + Directors Register            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarised POA                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                  | Proves                                |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                          | Legal Registration                    |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                | Constitutive Documents                |
| **TIN Registration Certificate**                          | Tax Registration                      |
| **Trading Licence**                                       | Operating Permit                      |
| **Share Register**                                        | Ownership Records                     |
| **Annual Return**                                         | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Directors Register**                                    | Governance Records                    |
| **Board Resolution**                                      | Signing Authority                     |
| **Notarised POA**                                         | Signing Authority                     |
| **Lease Agreement**                                       | Address                               |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                           | Address                               |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                         | Address                               |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (Registrar of Companies)** | Good Standing                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                               | CBE, FSRA sector licence              |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Registrar of Companies on completion of online registration.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Traditional paired structure; compiled per Companies Act 2009; filed with Registrar at incorporation.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by ERS; 9-digit TIN; VAT registration required if turnover exceeds E900,000.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by MCIT Department of Commerce; required for commercial trading activity; annual.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBE for banking, forex bureaux, money remittance; FSRA for insurance, retirement funds, capital markets, credit & savings institutions.
* **Ownership Records:** Share register maintained by the company; Annual Return filed 1 July–31 August each year.
* **Governance Records:** Annual Return (Form C) filed 1 July–31 August; Form J is the separate 21-day post-incorporation directors/members notification.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution evidencing signing authority, or notarised power of attorney for third-party representatives.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies within the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Trade. Annual returns must be filed between 1 July and 31 August each year; a Certificate of Good Standing is only available where annual returns are current. Request a copy dated within 30 days for banking use.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management authority; min. 1 (private), 2 (public). |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of board-authorised POA; binds the company.             |

## Notes

* Eswatini is not OHADA; do not apply OHADA entity types (SARL, SA, etc.) — use the Companies Act 2009 structures.
* Eswatini is a Common Monetary Area (CMA) member; the Lilangeni (SZL) is pegged 1:1 to the South African Rand (ZAR). Exchange controls apply under CMA arrangements.
* Apostille valid: Eswatini has been a party to the Hague Apostille Convention since 6 September 1968 (by succession). Documents for cross-border use require apostille, not full legalisation chain.


# Ethiopia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/ethiopia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Ethiopia (ETH) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                              |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | ET / ETH                                           |
| Registry     | MoTRI (Ministry of Trade and Regional Integration) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Ethiopia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                                             |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                 | Ministry of Revenue (MoR)                          |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Registration number** | MoTRI (Ministry of Trade and Regional Integration) |

*Tax ID:* Taxpayer Identification Number for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Commercial registration number issued by MoTRI (Ministry of Trade and Regional Integration).

## Sector regulators

`NBE` · `ECMA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sole Proprietorship                | —            | A single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade name, with no separate legal personality and unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                              |
| General Partnership                | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on a commercial business under a firm name, each partner bearing joint and unlimited liability for the partnership's obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                     |
| Limited Partnership                | LP           | A partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.              |
| Limited Liability Partnership      | LLP          | Introduced by the 2021 Commercial Code; reserved for licensed professionals (lawyers, auditors, architects). Partners are shielded from each other's negligence but the firm has no share capital. Equivalent to a US LLP. |
| One-Person Private Limited Company | —            | Introduced by the 2021 Commercial Code; a single natural or juridical person may form a limited-liability company with full corporate-veil protection and no share capital. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.          |
| Private Limited Company            | PLC          | The most common SME vehicle; 2–50 members hold non-transferable quota interests, and no member is personally liable beyond their contribution. Equivalent to a US multi-member LLC.                                        |
| Share Company                      | SC           | A company whose capital is divided into freely transferable shares; requires a minimum of five shareholders and a board of directors, and may make public offerings. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                        |
| Cooperative Society                | —            | An autonomous, member-controlled enterprise organised under cooperative law (distinct from the Commercial Code), with democratic governance and limited liability for members. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.         |
| Branch Office                      | —            | An extension of a foreign company registered with MoTRI to conduct business in Ethiopia; has no separate legal personality from its parent. Closest US equivalent: foreign Branch/Rep Office.                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                 |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Registration                                      |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                             |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                  |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Trade License · Business License                   |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Annual Return        |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Manager Registration |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement    |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                            | Proves                                          |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Registration (Ministry of Trade)** | Legal Registration                              |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**            | Constitutive Documents                          |
| **TIN Certificate**                                 | Tax Registration                                |
| **Trade License**                                   | Operating Permit                                |
| **Business License**                                | Operating Permit                                |
| **MoA**                                             | Ownership Records, Governance Records           |
| **Annual Return**                                   | Ownership Records                               |
| **Manager Registration**                            | Governance Records                              |
| **Board Resolution**                                | Signing Authority                               |
| **Lease Agreement**                                 | Address                                         |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                     | Address                                         |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                   | Address                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                         | NBE, ECMA — Ethiopian Capital Markets Authority |

**Not applicable in Ethiopia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role       | Canonical API role   | Description           |
| ---------------- | -------------------- | --------------------- |
| Director/Manager | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Management authority. |


# Falkland Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/falkland-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Falkland Islands (FLK) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                    |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | FK / FLK                                                                                 |
| Registry     | [Courts & Registry Services — Falkland Islands Government](https://www.gov.fk/registry/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                               |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Falkland Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                           | Issuer                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Company Reference Number (CRN) / Employer Reference Number (ERN)** | Falkland Islands Government Taxation Office (FIGTO)      |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**                                      | Courts & Registry Services — Falkland Islands Government |

*Tax ID:* The Falkland Islands Government Taxation Office (FIGTO) issues a Company Reference Number (CRN) to incorporated companies for corporation tax purposes under the Taxes Ordinance 1997. Unincorporated businesses receive an Employer Reference Number (ERN) upon notifying FIGTO of a new business. No VAT exists in the Falkland Islands. The CRN appears on corporation tax returns and all FIGTO correspondence. No fixed-length or prefix format has been publicly confirmed. The CRN is distinct from the registry's company registration number assigned at incorporation.

*Registration number:* Sequential identifier assigned by the Registrar of Companies at incorporation under the Companies Act 1985 (as in force in the Falkland Islands) and the Companies Ordinance 2017. Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all registry extracts. No publicly confirmed fixed-length format or prefix; based on comparable UK-derived registries the number is a plain sequential integer. The online registry portal (services.registry.gov.fk) was launched in a 'digital by default' rollout to enable electronic filing and searches.

## Sector regulators

`Falkland Islands Government Taxation Office (FIGTO)` · `Courts & Registry Services — Falkland Islands Government (company registration)` · `Falkland Islands Government — Fisheries Department (fishing licences)` · `Falkland Islands Government — Communications Regulator (telecoms/broadcasting)` · `Falkland Islands Government — Civil Aviation Department (aviation)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares    | Ltd.         | The most common corporate structure in the Falkland Islands, incorporated under the Companies Act 1985 as applied to the Falkland Islands (the Companies Ordinance 2017 was also enacted and the two coexist; official registry forms reference CA 1985). Share transfer is restricted by the articles; one or more shareholders and one or more directors required; no minimum share capital; a company secretary must be appointed (statutory obligation). Liability of members is limited to the nominal value of their shares. Registered office must be maintained in the Falkland Islands. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                           |
| Private Company Limited by Guarantee | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance 2017; members guarantee to contribute a specified sum if the company is wound up rather than holding share capital; commonly used for non-profit associations, clubs, and community organisations. No share capital issued. Liability of each member is limited to the guarantee amount. Closest US equivalent: Non-profit corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Private Unlimited Company            | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance 2017; members bear unlimited personal liability for the company's debts. Has full corporate personality. Rarely used commercially; may be employed for specific structuring purposes where unlimited liability is acceptable and reduced disclosure obligations are desired. Closest US equivalent: General corporation (full liability variant).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Public Limited Company               | Plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance 2017; shares may be offered to the public; subject to enhanced governance and disclosure obligations including audited accounts. Very few PLCs are registered in the Falkland Islands given the small domestic market; the structure is available for entities seeking public capital. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (publicly held).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| General Partnership                  | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; formed under applicable partnership law (derived from English Partnership Act principles applied in the Falkland Islands). No separate legal personality from its partners. Business names other than the partners' own names must be registered. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Limited Partnership                  | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; limited partners may not participate in management. Formed and registered with Registry Services. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Sole Trader (Sole Proprietorship)    | —            | A single individual carrying on business in the Falkland Islands under their own name or a trading name; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability for debts. Must notify the Falkland Islands Government Taxation Office (FIGTO) upon commencing business and obtain an Employer Reference Number (ERN). Any trading name must be registered. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Branch of an Overseas Company        | —            | A foreign company carrying on business in the Falkland Islands registered under the Companies and Private Partnership Ordinance 1922 (the official overseas-company registration page references this Ordinance, not the Companies Ordinance 2017); must file certified copies of its constitutional documents (with English translation if needed), a list of directors, and appoint a local agent resident or stationed in the Falkland Islands to accept service of process. Registration fee is £250. Not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Must notify the Registrar General within six months of any changes to its documents, directors, or local representative. Closest US equivalent: Branch / representative office of a foreign corporation. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                       |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration)* |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                   |
| Tax Registration       | Corporation Tax Return                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                    |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                  |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                     |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement          |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                           |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                     | Proves                                                                    |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                             | Legal Registration                                                        |
| **Certificate of Registration (Overseas Company)**           | Legal Registration                                                        |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**                     | Constitutive Documents                                                    |
| **FIGTO Corporation Tax Return (CT Reference confirmation)** | Tax Registration                                                          |
| **Register of Members**                                      | Ownership Records                                                         |
| **Register of Directors**                                    | Governance Records                                                        |
| **Board Resolution**                                         | Signing Authority                                                         |
| **Power of Attorney**                                        | Signing Authority                                                         |
| **Lease Agreement**                                          | Address                                                                   |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                              | Address                                                                   |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                            | Address                                                                   |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                             | Good Standing                                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                  | Falkland Islands Fishing Licence, Falkland Islands Communications Licence |

**Not applicable in Falkland Islands:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies (Courts & Registry Services) under the Companies Act 1985 (as applied to the Falkland Islands; the Companies Ordinance 2017 was enacted but the official registry website continues to reference CA 1985 forms and sections). Processing requires Form 10 (registered office and directors/secretary details), Form 12 (declaration of compliance, signed before a Notary Public, Commissioner for Oaths, Justice of the Peace, or Legal Practitioner), Memorandum of Association, and Articles of Association filed in duplicate. The certificate bears the company name, registration number, and date of incorporation. For overseas/branch companies, a Certificate of Registration is issued under the Companies and Private Partnership Ordinance 1922. Registry contact: [registry@gov.fk](mailto:registry@gov.fk) / (+500) 27271.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with the Registrar of Companies at incorporation in duplicate under the Companies Act 1985 (as applied to the Falkland Islands; official registry forms still reference CA 1985). The Memorandum of Association states the company name, registered office location in the Falkland Islands, objects, and the liability structure. The Articles of Association set out internal governance rules and must be signed by all share subscribers. For companies limited by guarantee, the memorandum specifies the guarantee amount instead of share capital. Overseas companies registering a branch under the Companies and Private Partnership Ordinance 1922 must file certified copies of their equivalent constitutional documents (charter, statutes, or memorandum and articles), with an English translation if required.
* **Tax Registration:** The Falkland Islands Government Taxation Office (FIGTO) operates an automatic pay-and-file corporation tax system under the Taxes Ordinance 1997. Corporation tax applies at 21% on profits up to £500,000 and 26% on profits exceeding £500,000 (ring-fence oil trade: 26%). There is no VAT, no capital gains tax, and no withholding taxes. Upon commencing business, incorporated companies submit the FIGTO Business/CT Registration form (BUSINESS/CT REG) and receive a Company Reference Number (CRN). Unincorporated businesses submit a new business enquiry form and receive an Employer Reference Number (ERN). FIGTO does not issue a separate tax registration certificate in the same format as many jurisdictions; the CRN/ERN is the operative identifier used on all FIGTO correspondence and tax return forms.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Falkland Islands has no dedicated independent financial services regulator equivalent to an FSC. Banking services are provided exclusively by Standard Chartered Bank (licensed since December 1983); its authorisation derives from its UK parent's regulatory status. Sector-specific regulation includes: fishing licensing (Falkland Islands Government, Fisheries Department); telecommunications/broadcasting (Communications Regulator under the Law and Regulation Directorate); civil aviation (Falkland Islands Civil Aviation Department). Oil exploration and exploitation activities are subject to the ring-fence corporation tax regime (Taxes Ordinance 1997). Any financial services or MSB operation would require engagement with UK authorities and relevant FIG departments. The territory has no domestic securities exchange or insurance regulator.
* **Governance Records:** Companies incorporated under the Companies Ordinance 2017 must maintain a Register of Directors at their registered office. Directors' details are filed on Form 10 at incorporation and updated on any change. Annual Returns confirm current directors. A Company Secretary must also be appointed and their details recorded — this is a statutory obligation unique to the Falkland Islands corporate regime. The register is an internal company document; director information is also filed with and held by Registry Services as part of incorporation forms.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. A board resolution on company letterhead signed by the directors is the standard instrument authorising a named signatory to act on behalf of the company. A notarized Power of Attorney is used where authority is delegated externally or for use in foreign jurisdictions. The Falkland Islands is a British Overseas Territory; domestic notarization is before a local commissioner for oaths or notary public. Documents intended for use abroad may be apostilled (the UK extended the Hague Apostille Convention to the Falkland Islands).
* **Address:** No statutory prescribed form for KYB address verification. Standard practice: lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank statements dated within 90 days of submission. Utility services in the Falkland Islands are provided by the Falkland Islands Government (electricity and water). Standard Chartered Bank is the sole licensed bank and issues bank statements locally. The document must show the company's registered or principal operating address in the Falkland Islands.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by Registry Services (Registrar of Companies) under the Companies Ordinance 2017; confirms the company is validly incorporated, has filed its annual accounts and annual return within the required periods, and has not been struck off or dissolved. Available via the registry portal (services.registry.gov.fk); in many cases downloadable by a registered company agent. The certificate may be apostilled for international use — the Hague Apostille Convention applies to the Falkland Islands via UK extension. Companies that fail to file annual accounts (due 9 months after accounting period end) or annual returns (due within 28 days of return date) risk criminal conviction and financial penalties for directors and may be struck off.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for management and direction of the company; details filed on Form 10 at incorporation and updated on any change; named in the Register of Directors maintained at the registered office. At least one director required; no statutory residency requirement confirmed under the Companies Ordinance 2017. Basis: Companies Ordinance 2017.   |
| Company Secretary                               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Statutory officer whose appointment is mandatory for all companies incorporated under the Companies Ordinance 2017; responsible for maintaining statutory registers and filings with Registry Services. Details filed on Form 10. The Company Secretary carries specific compliance functions tied to the company's ongoing legal standing with the Registrar of Companies. |
| Authorized Signatory / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the company in specific transactions or generally. No separate statutory definition; authority flows from the board resolution or POA instrument.                                                                                                                              |
| Local Agent (Overseas Company)                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | A person resident or stationed in the Falkland Islands appointed by a registered overseas (branch) company to accept service of process on behalf of the foreign parent. Mandatory for overseas company registrations under the Companies Ordinance 2017. Not a separate legal entity — acts as the foreign parent's local representative.                                  |

## Notes

* The Falkland Islands is a British Overseas Territory; the legal system is English common law supplemented by locally enacted Ordinances. The UK Privy Council is the final court of appeal. UK legislation does not apply automatically; relevant law must be separately enacted by the Falkland Islands Legislative Assembly.
* The Companies Ordinance 2017 was enacted but as of 2026-06-10 the official Registry Services website and overseas-company registration page continue to reference the Companies Act 1985 and the Companies and Private Partnership Ordinance 1922. The CA 1985 has residual application; official notices as recently as 2022 cite CA 1985 section numbers. Practitioners and older documents may reference the Companies Act 1985 or the Companies Act 1948.
* Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) may be registrable under separate legislation, but the official Registry Services company-registration guidance lists only four company types (private limited by shares, private limited by guarantee, private unlimited, public limited). Confirm LLP availability with the Registrar before relying on it.
* There is no VAT, capital gains tax, withholding tax on dividends/interest/royalties, or property tax in the Falkland Islands. Corporation tax applies at 21% (profits ≤ £500,000) and 26% (profits > £500,000). Income tax is 26% flat on worldwide income. The territory has a double taxation treaty with the UK (Double Taxation Relief (Taxes on Income) (Falkland Islands) Order 1997).
* Standard Chartered Bank is the sole licensed bank in the Falkland Islands (established December 1983). There is no domestic securities exchange, insurance regulator, or independent financial services commission. Financial services regulation for any non-bank financial entity would require direct engagement with relevant UK/FIG authorities on a case-by-case basis.
* Annual Accounts are due between 6–18 months from registration (first filing) and thereafter within 9 months of the accounting period end. Annual Returns must be filed within 28 days of the return date. Failure triggers criminal liability for directors and financial penalties for the company.
* Company secretaries are a statutory requirement — unlike many modern UK-derived offshore regimes which abolished the requirement for private companies. This is an operational gotcha: Conduit applicants from the Falkland Islands must evidence a company secretary.
* Overseas (branch) companies must register within a reasonable period of commencing business, file constitutional documents and a director list, and appoint a local agent. Registration fee is £250. Changes to any filed information must be notified to the Registrar within six months.
* The Falkland Islands economy is dominated by fishing (licensing revenue from international fleets in the Falkland Islands Exclusive Economic Zone), wool/livestock, tourism, and oil exploration. Most registered companies are small domestic entities or subsidiaries of UK/international fishing and oil operators.


# Faroe Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/faroe-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Faroe Islands (FRO) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                         |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | FO / FRO                                                                                      |
| Registry     | [Skráseting Føroya (Faroe Islands Company Registration Authority)](https://www.skraseting.fo) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Faroe Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                          | Issuer                                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **V-tal (Vinnutal) — Business Tax / VAT Number**    | TAKS (Tollur og Skattur — Tax and Customs Authority of the Faroe Islands) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Skrásetingarnúmer (Company Registration Number)** | Skráseting Føroya                                                         |

*Tax ID:* Six-digit numeric code assigned upon registration in Vinnuskráin (TAKS business register); serves as the primary fiscal and VAT identifier for all commercial entities. MVG (meirvirðirgjald) registration at 25% VAT rate is mandatory when annual turnover exceeds DKK 50,000. Appears on all invoices, customs declarations, and official filings. Issued via taks.fo / Vinnugluggin portal.

*Registration number:* Numeric identifier assigned by Skráseting Føroya at incorporation; appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all registry extracts. For companies also registered with TAKS, the Skrásetingarnúmer is cross-referenced with the V-tal. Based on observed LEI records and registry extracts, registration numbers appear to be 8 digits (e.g. 12401448 for P/F Atlantic Airways).

## Sector regulators

`Tryggingareftirlitið (Insurance Authority of the Faroe Islands) — insurance, pension funds, insurance intermediaries, one mortgage credit institution` · `Finanstilsynet (Danish Financial Supervisory Authority) — banks, payment institutions, e-money institutions, investment firms operating in the Faroe Islands under extended Danish jurisdiction` · `TAKS (Tollur og Skattur) — tax compliance, VAT, customs, and business registration (Vinnuskráin)` · `Skráseting Føroya — company registration, annual account compliance, corporate governance`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Partafelag                                            | P/F          | Public limited company; minimum DKK 500,000 share capital, fully subscribed at incorporation; shares freely transferable and may be listed; governed by Løgtingslóg um aktieselskaber; mandatory supervisory board and executive management; registered with both Skráseting Føroya and TAKS. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                     |
| Smápartafelag                                         | Sp/F         | Private limited company; minimum DKK 50,000 share capital (requirement lowered as of 1 January 2017); separate legal personality with liability limited to share capital; most common SME vehicle; registered with both Skráseting Føroya and TAKS. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                      |
| Íverksetarafelag                                      | ÍVF          | Entrepreneurial company (introduced 1 January 2017); share capital of DKK 1–49,999; separate legal entity with limited liability; annual profit requires 25% reserve capital contribution until reserve equals DKK 50,000, at which point entity may convert to Sp/F; registered with Skráseting Føroya. Equivalent to a US LLC.                 |
| Íognarfelag                                           | Í/F          | General partnership; two or more partners (natural or legal persons) who share joint and several unlimited liability for company obligations; no minimum capital; registered with TAKS in Vinnuskráin; partnership agreement required. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                              |
| Ansvarligt Felag                                      | ANS          | Unlimited (ansvarligt) partnership; all partners bear full joint and several personal liability for company debts; governed by Faroese partnership legislation; registration with TAKS required. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                    |
| Kommandittfelag                                       | K/F          | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited (kommanditt) partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; no minimum capital; registered with Skráseting Føroya and TAKS. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                   |
| Einstaklingsvirki                                     | FA           | Sole proprietorship; a single natural person trading under their own P-tal; no separate legal personality and the owner bears unlimited personal liability; registered with TAKS in Vinnuskráin only (not with Skráseting Føroya). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                       |
| Samvinnufelag                                         | —            | Cooperative society; member-owned entity carrying separate legal personality and limited liability; operated for collective mutual benefit of members; common in fishing, agriculture, and retail sectors; registered with Skráseting Føroya. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                |
| Áhugafelag                                            | —            | Non-profit interest group / association; finances are separate from members'; may engage in commercial activity provided profits remain in the entity and are not distributed to members; articles of association required for registration in Vinnuskráin; not registered with Skráseting Føroya. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation. |
| Faroyskt Vinnutak (Útibú / Branch of Foreign Company) | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company operating in the Faroe Islands; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent retains full liability; must register with Skráseting Føroya and obtain a V-tal from TAKS; must appoint a local representative. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Skrásetingarskjal + Vinnuskráin Registration Confirmation |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Skipanarlóg + Stovnanarskjal + Partnership Agreement      |
| Tax Registration       | V-tal Registration Confirmation *(optional: MVG-skrásetingarskjal)*       |
| Ownership Records      | Hlutaskrá                                                                 |
| Governance Records     | Skrásetingarskjal — stjórn section                                        |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Stjórnarúrslit · Umboð                                      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement             |
| Good Standing          | Current Company Extract                                                   |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                        | Proves                                                                                                        |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Skrásetingarskjal (Company Register Extract)**                | Legal Registration                                                                                            |
| **Vinnuskráin Registration Confirmation (TAKS)**                | Legal Registration                                                                                            |
| **Skipanarlóg (Articles of Association / By-laws)**             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                        |
| **Stovnanarskjal (Memorandum of Association)**                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                                        |
| **Partnership Agreement (Íognarfelag / K/F)**                   | Constitutive Documents                                                                                        |
| **V-tal Registration Confirmation (TAKS Vinnuskráin)**          | Tax Registration                                                                                              |
| **MVG Registration Certificate (VAT Certificate)**              | Tax Registration                                                                                              |
| **Hlutaskrá (Share Register)**                                  | Ownership Records                                                                                             |
| **Company Registry Extract — Directors / Board Section**        | Governance Records                                                                                            |
| **Stjórnarúrslit (Board Resolution)**                           | Signing Authority                                                                                             |
| **Umboð (Power of Attorney)**                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                             |
| **Leigusamningur (Lease Agreement)**                            | Address                                                                                                       |
| **Reikningur frá stovni (Utility Bill)**                        | Address                                                                                                       |
| **Bankayvirlit (Bank Statement — proof of address)**            | Address                                                                                                       |
| **Skrásetingarskjal — Current Company Extract (Good Standing)** | Good Standing                                                                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                     | Insurance / Financial Services Licence (Tryggingareftirlitið), Danish FSA Licence (extended to Faroe Islands) |

**Not applicable in Faroe Islands:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Skráseting Føroya upon incorporation and available as a downloadable PDF extract from skraseting.fo. Contains company name, registration number, legal form, registered address, management, share capital, and status. Documents are in Danish/Faroese. For Einstaklingsvirki (sole proprietorships) and Áhugafelag, registration is via TAKS Vinnuskráin only — no Skráseting extract exists; TAKS registration confirmation substitutes.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Both documents are filed with Skráseting Føroya at incorporation for P/F and Sp/F. The Skipanarlóg (articles/by-laws) sets governance, share capital, and objects; the Stovnanarskjal confirms founders and initial capital contribution. For Kommandittfelag and Íognarfelag, the partnership agreement serves as the constitutive document. Documents are in Faroese or Danish.
* **Tax Registration:** TAKS issues a V-tal (business tax number) upon Vinnuskráin registration. VAT registration (MVG — meirvirðirgjald at 25%) is mandatory above DKK 50,000 annual turnover; TAKS issues a separate MVG registration certificate. Both documents may be printed from the Vinnugluggin online portal. Quarterly VAT settlement via Vinnugluggin.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Financial services: banks, savings banks (sparisjóður), and payment institutions are supervised by Danish Finanstilsynet (the Danish Financial Supervisory Authority) under extended jurisdiction — the Faroe Islands has no independent central bank and uses the Danish krone issued by Danmarks Nationalbank. Insurance companies, pension funds, and insurance intermediaries: supervised by Tryggingareftirlitið (the Insurance Authority of the Faroe Islands, tryggingareftirlitid.fo). Fishing industry, food production, and transport: sector-specific licences from relevant Faroese ministries. Entities not in a regulated sector: this slot is not applicable.
* **Governance Records:** Directors and management (stjórn = board; stýrimenn = directors/management) are publicly listed in the Skráseting Føroya company extract. The extract specifies names, roles, and signing authority combinations (undirskriftarrettur). For partnerships, managing partners are listed in the TAKS Vinnuskráin record.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution (stjórnarúrslit) authorising a named signatory; or a notarised power of attorney (umboð). No prescribed statutory form — company letterhead resolution is standard practice. The Skráseting Føroya extract also specifies binding signature authority (undirskriftarrettur) combinations, which may substitute for a board resolution in many cases.
* **Address:** Standard proof-of-address evidence: lease agreement (no time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Faroese utility providers include SEV (electricity) and Faroese telecom providers. Must show registered address of the entity. Same evidence accepted for both registered address and operating address verification.
* **Good Standing:** Skráseting Føroya issues current company extracts (skrásetingarskjal) that serve as the good-standing equivalent. The extract confirms the entity is active, registered, and in compliance with annual account filing requirements. Skráseting Føroya can strike non-compliant companies from the register. There is no separately named 'certificate of good standing' — the current registry extract fulfils this function. Available as a PDF from skraseting.fo; apostille certification available on request.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Stjórnarformaður (Chair of the Board / Director)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board of directors (stjórn) of a P/F or Sp/F; appointed by shareholders; responsible for governance oversight; listed publicly in the Skráseting Føroya company extract with signing authority combinations (undirskriftarrettur).   |
| Forstjóri / Stýrimaður (Managing Director / CEO)           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Executive manager responsible for day-to-day operations; appointed by the board; signature authority specified in the company articles and the Skráseting Føroya extract. In small Sp/F structures may be the same person as the sole shareholder. |
| Umboðsmaður (Authorised Representative / Attorney-in-Fact) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | A natural or legal person granted power of attorney (umboð) by the board to act on behalf of the entity in specific matters; must be evidenced by a notarised umboð or board resolution.                                                           |
| Útlendski umboðsmaður (Local Representative of Branch)     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | For branches of foreign companies: a locally resident representative appointed and registered with Skráseting Føroya who accepts service on behalf of the foreign parent and bears responsibility for local compliance.                            |

## Notes

* The Faroe Islands are an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark with their own parliament (Løgting) and separate corporate, tax, and company law. The islands are not part of the EU, though financial regulation largely mirrors Danish/EU frameworks.
* Company registration is split between two authorities: Skráseting Føroya (P/F, Sp/F, ÍVF, K/F, corporate foundations, savings banks, branches) and TAKS Vinnuskráin (all entities including sole proprietors and non-profits). Both registrations are typically required for taxable commercial entities.
* Registry extracts from Skráseting Føroya are issued in Danish/Faroese. Request certified translations into English for international KYB purposes. Apostille certification is available.
* The V-tal is a 6-digit number; the Skrásetingarnúmer appears to be 6–8 digits based on observed records. Format regex is indicative — confirm format from actual documents.
* No general operating licence (business licence) is required for ordinary commercial activity. Sector-specific licences apply for financial services (banking, insurance, payment institutions) and other regulated industries.
* Banking supervision is split: Tryggingareftirlitið (tryggingareftirlitid.fo) supervises insurance, pension, and one mortgage credit institution; remaining financial supervision (banks, payment institutions) falls under Danish Finanstilsynet via extended jurisdiction.
* Annual accounts must be filed with Skráseting Føroya; failure to file can result in the company being struck from the register. Check filing status when reviewing good-standing documents.
* Faroese currency is the Danish krone (DKK); the Faroe Islands are not in the EU customs union but have a special arrangement with the EU regarding trade in fish.


# Fiji
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/fiji

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Fiji (FJI) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                            |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | FJ / FJI                                                                         |
| Registry     | [Registrar of Companies Office, Ministry of Justice](https://roc.digital.gov.fj) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Fiji and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                             |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Fiji Revenue and Customs Service (FRCS)            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Registrar of Companies Office, Ministry of Justice |

*Tax ID:* Numeric identifier issued by FRCS. Legacy TINs (pre-2020) are 9 digits with a dash-separated format (e.g. 11-57252-0-3); new TINs (TPOS-issued, beginning '29') are 10 digits formatted as XXX-XXX-XXXX (e.g. 291-234-5678). Serves as the single identifier for corporate income tax, VAT, PAYE, and all FRCS purposes. No separate corporate tax ID exists — the TIN is universal for all taxpayer types.

*Registration number:* Alphanumeric identifier assigned at incorporation or re-registration under the Companies Act 2015; appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and is the company's unique identifier in the ROC digital registry (roc.digital.gov.fj). Format not publicly standardised; typically numeric or alpha-numeric sequence assigned sequentially.

## Sector regulators

`Reserve Bank of Fiji (RBF)` · `Fiji Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)` · `Fiji Revenue and Customs Service (FRCS)` · `Investment Fiji`

## Legal structures

| Local name                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares      | Pte Ltd      | The dominant commercial vehicle for closely-held businesses in Fiji; incorporated under the Companies Act 2015 (Act No. 3 of 2015); share liability limited to unpaid share capital; maximum 50 members; share transfers restricted by Articles of Association; at least one director ordinarily resident in Fiji required (s.133). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                      |
| Public Company Limited by Shares       | Ltd          | Shares may be offered to the public and listed on the South Pacific Stock Exchange (SPX); no cap on number of members; minimum three directors, at least two ordinarily resident in Fiji (s.133); subject to stricter financial-reporting and governance obligations under the Companies Act 2015. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                |
| Company Limited by Guarantee           | —            | No share capital; members' liability limited to the amount each undertakes to contribute on winding up; used exclusively for non-profit purposes including charities, industry associations, professional bodies, and sports clubs; incorporated under the Companies Act 2015. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                     |
| Unlimited Liability Company            | —            | Company incorporated under the Companies Act 2015 where shareholders bear unlimited personal liability for the company's debts; rarely used in practice; no cap on members; may be private or public. Functionally closest to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| General Partnership                    | —            | An unincorporated association of two or more persons carrying on business together for profit; governed by the Partnership Act 1910 (Cap. 248); all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; business name must be registered with the Registrar of Companies under s.32 of the Companies Act 2015 if different from partners' names; maximum 25 partners. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).              |
| Sole Trader / Sole Proprietorship      | —            | A single natural person carrying on business; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business debts; must register a business name with the ROC under s.32 of the Companies Act 2015 if trading under a name other than their own; requires TIN from FRCS. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                           |
| Co-operative Society                   | —            | Member-owned enterprise incorporated under the Co-operatives Act 1996; democratic governance (one member, one vote); used in agriculture, fisheries, credit, retail, and other sectors; constituted by By-Laws consistent with the Co-operatives Act 1996; registered with the Registrar of Co-operatives under the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                 |
| Unit Trust / Managed Investment Scheme | —            | Pooled investment vehicle constituted by a trust deed under the Trustee Act 1978; regulated by the Reserve Bank of Fiji (RBF) as a managed investment scheme; must appoint an RBF-licensed fund manager and trustee; used for public and private investment funds. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust (investment fund vehicle).                                                                                    |
| Branch of Foreign Company              | —            | An overseas company registered to carry on business in Fiji under the Companies Act 2015 (s.381 et seq.); not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent; must appoint a locally resident agent; must obtain a Foreign Investment Registration Certificate (FIRC) from Investment Fiji if required under the Investment Fiji Act 2022. Certificate of Registration issued by ROC. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration of Foreign Company)* |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Association                                                                   |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Registration Certificate                              |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                       |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors and Secretaries *(optional: ROC Company Extract)*                   |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                             |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                              |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                          | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                  | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Certificate of Registration (Foreign Company)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Articles of Association**                       | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **TIN Certificate (FRCS)**                        | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **VAT Registration Certificate (FRCS)**           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Register of Members**                           | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Register of Directors and Secretaries**         | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **ROC Company Extract (online registry search)**  | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Board Resolution**                              | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Power of Attorney**                             | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Lease Agreement**                               | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                   | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                 | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                  | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                       | Reserve Bank of Fiji Banking Licence, Reserve Bank of Fiji Insurance Licence, Reserve Bank of Fiji Capital Markets / Securities Licence, Reserve Bank of Fiji Payment Service Provider Licence, Reserve Bank of Fiji Restricted Foreign Exchange Dealer / Money Changer Licence |

**Not applicable in Fiji:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued electronically by the Registrar of Companies Office under s.21 of the Companies Act 2015 upon registration of a domestic company; conclusive evidence of company existence (s.22). For foreign companies, a Certificate of Registration (Form A14) is issued instead. Both are downloadable via the ROC digital portal (roc.digital.gov.fj). Processing typically 2–5 working days for domestic companies, longer for foreign registrations.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The Companies Act 2015 abolished the Memorandum of Association; companies now operate under Articles of Association only as the single constitutive document. Submitted to the ROC at incorporation; functions as a binding contract between the company, its members, directors, and secretaries. A company may adopt default statutory replaceable rules instead of a full set of articles. For foreign branches, the parent company's Constitution/Memorandum & Articles must also be provided.
* **Tax Registration:** FRCS issues a TIN Certificate upon registration; the same TIN is used for all FRCS purposes including corporate income tax, PAYE, and VAT. Businesses with annual taxable turnover exceeding FJD 300,000 must register for VAT and receive a VAT Registration Certificate. Both certificates are available from the FRCS Taxpayer Online Services (TPOS) portal at frcs.org.fj.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The RBF is the sole financial-sector regulator for banks, credit institutions, insurers, insurance brokers/agents, securities exchanges, stockbrokers, investment advisers, managed investment schemes, restricted foreign exchange dealers, money changers, payment service providers, and credit reporting agencies. Legislation includes the Banking Act (Cap. 214), Insurance Act 1998, Reserve Bank of Fiji Act, and sector-specific prudential standards. Foreign investment certificates issued by Investment Fiji under the Investment Fiji Act 2022 for certain activities.
* **Governance Records:** Companies must notify the Registrar of the names and addresses of all directors and the company secretary under s.129 of the Companies Act 2015; this information is maintained in the ROC digital registry and is publicly searchable via roc.digital.gov.fj. Directors of private companies must be natural persons aged 18+ and at least one must be ordinarily resident in Fiji; public companies require at least two resident directors.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising a signatory or attorney, passed at a meeting of directors or by written resolution; no statutory prescribed form. Power of Attorney for external signatories should be executed as a deed and may be notarised for use abroad. Fiji is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (acceded 12 March 2008); apostille is available for cross-border use.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank documents dated within 90 days. Main utility providers are Energy Fiji Limited (EFL, electricity) and Water Authority of Fiji (WAF). Bank statements from Fiji-licensed commercial banks (ANZ Fiji, Westpac Fiji, Bank of Baroda, HFC Bank, BSP Fiji, etc.) are accepted.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies Office via the ROC digital portal (roc.digital.gov.fj) confirming that a company is duly registered, up to date with annual filing obligations and fee payments, and not struck off or under dissolution. Available as a purchasable certificate from the ROC portal. Annual returns and associated fees must be current for the certificate to be issued; the Companies Act 2015 mandates annual returns for all registered companies.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for managing the company; must be a natural person aged 18+; at least one must be ordinarily resident in Fiji for private companies (s.133, Companies Act 2015); at least two resident directors required for public companies. Named in the ROC registry and Register of Directors. |
| Company Secretary               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Officer responsible for statutory compliance and governance administration; required for public companies; optional for private companies under the Companies Act 2015. Named in the ROC registry alongside directors.                                                                                             |
| Local Agent (Foreign Branch)    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual ordinarily resident in Fiji appointed by a foreign company to act as its official legal contact and accept service of process; required for all registered foreign branches under the Companies Act 2015.                                                                                               |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by board resolution or notarised power of attorney to act on behalf of the company for specific transactions or purposes.                                                                                                                                                                |

## Notes

* The Companies Act 2015 (Act No. 3 of 2015, eff. 1 January 2016) replaced the Companies Act 1983 (Cap. 247) and significantly modernised Fiji's corporate law: Memorandum of Association abolished (Articles only); minimum members reduced to one; digital registration introduced. Pre-2016 entities must have re-registered under the new Act.
* There is no limited partnership structure in Fiji. The Partnership Act 1910 (Cap. 248) governs only general partnerships; maximum 25 partners allowed. Conduit will therefore see general partnerships, companies, and sole traders as the primary structures.
* General business licensing was abolished on 1 August 2020. Do not request a Business Licence as an operating licence — it no longer exists. Only sector-specific RBF licences and similar regulatory approvals remain.
* The TIN issued by FRCS is the universal tax identifier. New TINs issued since approximately 2020 are 10 digits (beginning '29'); older TINs may be 9 digits. Verify the TIN on the FRCS TPOS portal at frcs.org.fj. No separate VAT number is issued; the TIN serves as the VAT registration number on the VAT Certificate.
* Fiji is a signatory to the Hague Apostille Convention (member by succession from 29 March 1971, entry into force 10 October 1970). Board resolutions and powers of attorney intended for cross-border use can be apostilled via the Ministry of Justice.
* Foreign companies must obtain a Foreign Investment Registration Certificate (FIRC) from Investment Fiji under the Investment Fiji Act 2022 for most commercially-oriented activities. The FIRC is separate from the ROC Certificate of Registration; both are required for foreign-branch KYB.
* The South Pacific Stock Exchange (SPX), formerly the South Pacific Stock Exchange (SPSE), is the sole securities exchange in Fiji, regulated by the RBF under the RBF's capital markets mandate.


# Finland
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/finland

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Finland (FIN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Europe                               |
| ISO 3166-1   | FI / FIN                             |
| Registry     | Patentti- ja rekisterihallitus (PRH) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Finland and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name   | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Y-tunnus** | PRH (via YTJ start-up notification) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Y-tunnus** | PRH (via YTJ start-up notification) |

*Tax ID:* Y-tunnus format: 7 digits + hyphen + check digit (e.g. 1234567-8). EU VAT ID = "FI" + Y-tunnus digits without hyphen (e.g. FI12345678). Single identifier used for all tax filings.

*Registration number:* Y-tunnus format: 7 digits + hyphen + check digit (e.g. 1234567-8). EU VAT ID = "FI" + Y-tunnus digits without hyphen (e.g. FI12345678). Single identifier used for all tax filings.

## Sector regulators

`Finanssivalvonta/FIN-FSA` · `Suomen Pankki/Bank of Finland`

## Legal structures

| Local name            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| --------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Osakeyhtiö            | Oy           | Private limited liability company; no minimum share capital since 2019-07-01 reform; the dominant SME corporate vehicle in Finland. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                                                                   |
| Julkinen osakeyhtiö   | Oyj          | Public limited company; minimum €80,000 share capital; shares may be listed on Nasdaq Helsinki or other regulated markets. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                         |
| Avoin yhtiö           | Ay           | General partnership; all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability; formed by written or oral partnership agreement under Partnership Act 389/1988. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                        |
| Kommandiittiyhtiö     | Ky           | Limited partnership; at least one unlimited general partner (vastuunalainen yhtiömies) and one or more limited partners (äänetön yhtiömies) whose liability is capped at their contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                          |
| Toiminimi             | Tmi          | Sole trader; no separate legal personality; the owner bears unlimited personal liability; registration with PRH is required for commercial activity but is not constitutive. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                          |
| Osuuskunta            | Osk          | Cooperative; variable membership and share capital; members share economic activity for mutual benefit; governed by Cooperatives Act 421/2013. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                |
| Sivuliike             | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered in Finland; not a separate legal entity; the foreign parent retains full liability; must appoint an EEA-resident representative. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                      |
| Rekisteröity yhdistys | ry           | Registered association; a non-profit membership organisation that must register with PRH Trade Register only if it operates a permanent place of business or employs staff; governed by Associations Act 503/1989. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Organization. |
| Säätiö                | —            | Foundation; a purpose-bound endowment entity with minimum €50,000 capital and no members or shareholders; supervised by PRH; must register in Trade Register if it conducts business. Closest US equivalent: Foundation/Nonprofit Organization.                   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Kaupparekisteriote                                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Yhtiöjärjestys · Yhtiösopimus                         |
| Tax Registration       | Verohallinto rekisteriote                                           |
| Ownership Records      | Osakasluettelo                                                      |
| Governance Records     | Kaupparekisteriote                                                  |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Kaupparekisteriote · Hallituksen pöytäkirja · Prokura |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Vuokrasopimus · Sähkölasku · Tiliote                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                            | Proves                                                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Kaupparekisteriote**                                              | Legal Registration, Signing Authority                                   |
| **Yhtiöjärjestys (Oy/Oyj)**                                         | Constitutive Documents                                                  |
| **Yhtiösopimus (Ay/Ky)**                                            | Constitutive Documents                                                  |
| **Verohallinto rekisteriote (Tax Administration register extract)** | Tax Registration                                                        |
| **Osakasluettelo**                                                  | Ownership Records                                                       |
| **Kaupparekisteriote (hallitus and toimitusjohtaja sections)**      | Governance Records                                                      |
| **Hallituksen pöytäkirja (board resolution)**                       | Signing Authority                                                       |
| **Prokura (commercial power of attorney)**                          | Signing Authority                                                       |
| **Vuokrasopimus**                                                   | Address                                                                 |
| **Sähkölasku (≤90 päivää)**                                         | Address                                                                 |
| **Tiliote (≤90 päivää)**                                            | Address                                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                         | FIN-FSA toimilupa, FIN-FSA rekisteröinti (sector-specific registration) |

**Not applicable in Finland:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable from prh.fi or ytj.fi; confirms Y-tunnus, registered office, entity type, governing bodies, status; available in Finnish, Swedish, or English.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with PRH at incorporation; retrievable via prh.fi document service; Ay/Ky uses a partnership agreement (yhtiösopimus) instead of articles.
* **Tax Registration:** Confirms Y-tunnus and registration status in VAT, prepayment, and employer registers; printable via MyTax (vero.fi); VAT number = FI + 8-digit Y-tunnus.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for credit institutions (Laki luottolaitostoiminnasta 610/2014 §4), payment institutions and e-money institutions (Laki maksulaitoksista 297/2010), investment firms, insurance companies; licence register at finanssivalvonta.fi.
* **Governance Records:** Lists board members (hallitus), chair (hallituksen puheenjohtaja), managing director (toimitusjohtaja), and any registered prokura holders (prokuristit) with signing-authority combinations.
* **Signing Authority:** Signing authority (nimenkirjoitusoikeus) is registered in Trade Register; prokura grants broad commercial authority (Kauppakaari/Commercial Code); board resolution required for non-routine acts.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                       | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Hallituksen jäsen (board member)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of hallitus (board of directors); governance role; mandatory in Oy (OYL 624/2006 Ch. 6).          |
| Hallituksen puheenjohtaja (board chair)          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of hallitus; governance role, not day-to-day operational authority.                                |
| Toimitusjohtaja (managing director)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed by hallitus; day-to-day operational authority; not mandatory but common in larger Oy.          |
| Vastuunalainen yhtiömies (Ay/Ky general partner) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner with management authority and unlimited liability in Ay or Ky.                           |
| Prokuristi (procuration holder)                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of prokura; broad commercial signing authority registered in Trade Register (Kauppakaari 3/1734). |

## Notes

* Single identifier: Y-tunnus serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value.
* Osakasluettelo is not public and not filed with PRH. The internal share register (OYL 624/2006 Ch. 3 §15) is maintained by the company itself; PRH does not hold it. For KYB, request the Edunsaajarekisteri extract from PRH plus a company-certified copy of the osakasluettelo directly from the entity.
* Edunsaajarekisteri access requires legitimate-interest registration. Post-CJEU WM/Sovim (2022-11-22), general public access was restricted; Conduit as a regulated obliged entity must register with PRH and pay per-extract fees (€30) or hold an annual contract; access not automatic.
* Oy minimum share capital was abolished 2019-07-01 (OYL amendment eff. 2019-07-01). Pre-2019 documents will show €2,500 minimum; this is no longer required. Do not reject entities with €0 registered capital.
* Bilingual registry: extracts in Finnish/Swedish/English. Finland is constitutionally bilingual; Trade Register extracts and articles of association may be in Finnish or Swedish — request an English extract via PRH's order service if needed for downstream review.
* From 2026, all Trade Register notifications must be filed electronically (PRH mandatory online-only filing from 2026-01-01); paper-based historical filings still retrievable via PRH document order service.


# France
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/france

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in France (FRA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                            |
| ------------ | -------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                           |
| ISO 3166-1   | FR / FRA                         |
| Registry     | INSEE (via RNE / guichet unique) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in France and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                        | Issuer                           |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Numéro de TVA intracommunautaire (TVA intra.)** | DGFiP                            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro SIREN**                                  | INSEE (via RNE / guichet unique) |

*Tax ID:* Format: FR + 2-char check key (alpha/num) + 9-digit SIREN, e.g. FR12 345678901. Verified via VIES. Issued on Mémento Fiscal on VAT registration.

*Registration number:* 9-digit unique entity number, permanent throughout company life. SIRET = SIREN + 5-digit NIC per establishment; SIREN is the primary KYB identifier.

## Sector regulators

`ACPR` · `AMF` · `Banque de France` · `ARCEP`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                   | SARL         | Limited liability; 1–100 members; no minimum capital; managed by gérant(s). The standard SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                      |
| Entreprise Unipersonnelle à Responsabilité Limitée | EURL         | Single-member SARL; sole gérant; same rules apply. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée                     | SAS          | Flexible share company; ≥1 shareholder; €1 minimum capital; président is mandatory legal representative; most popular form since 2022. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                              |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée Unipersonnelle      | SASU         | Single-shareholder SAS; sole actionnaire serves as président and legal representative. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                              |
| Société Anonyme                                    | SA           | Public-type share company; ≥2 shareholders; €37,000 minimum capital; governed by conseil d'administration (PDG model) or directoire + conseil de surveillance; can be listed. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                       |
| Société en Commandite par Actions                  | SCA          | Partnership limited by shares; ≥1 general partner (commandité, unlimited liability) + ≥3 limited shareholders (commanditaires, liability capped to contribution); ≥€37,000 capital; shares freely transferable. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                   |
| Société Européenne                                 | SE           | European company formed under EU Reg. 2157/2001; registered office in France; governed as a French SA; €120,000 minimum capital; can transfer across EU member states. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                              |
| Société en Nom Collectif                           | SNC          | General partnership; all associés bear joint and unlimited personal liability; managed by gérant(s). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                                                                                                   |
| Société en Commandite Simple                       | SCS          | Limited partnership; ≥1 general partner (commandité, unlimited liability) + ≥1 limited partner (commanditaire, liability capped); no minimum capital. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                                                                                  |
| Entrepreneur Individuel                            | EI           | Sole trader, including micro-enterprise (auto-entrepreneur); unified status since Loi 2022-172 (effective 15 May 2022); personal and professional assets protected by default; EIRL abolished. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                             |
| Société Civile Immobilière                         | SCI          | Civil real-estate holding company; holds and manages property; not authorized for commercial trading; managed by gérant(s). Closest US equivalent: real-estate holding trust or statutory trust.                                                                                   |
| Société Civile Professionnelle                     | SCP          | Civil partnership for joint exercise of regulated liberal professions (e.g., notaires, avocats, médecins); ≥2 members; registered in RCS; members bear unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: professional partnership.                                                 |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                    | GIE          | Economic interest grouping; enables two or more existing businesses to pool resources for a common economic purpose while retaining independence; registered in RCS; members bear joint and several liability; not a primary trading entity. Closest US equivalent: joint venture. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Extrait Kbis · Certificat d'immatriculation RNE                                                       |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                                                             |
| Tax Registration       | Mémento Fiscal                                                                                                      |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Déclaration d'activité · Autorisation d'exercice · Autorisation sectorielle · Autorisation municipale |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Registre des mouvements de titres · Registre des associés                                             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'assemblée générale · Résolution de gérance · Procuration                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                              | Proves                                                                                                     |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait Kbis (commercial entities)**                                | Legal Registration                                                                                         |
| **Certificat d'immatriculation RNE (non-commercial)**                 | Legal Registration                                                                                         |
| **Statuts**                                                           | Constitutive Documents                                                                                     |
| **Mémento Fiscal (TVA certificate, DGFiP)**                           | Tax Registration                                                                                           |
| **Déclaration d'activité (guichet unique)**                           | Operating Permit                                                                                           |
| **Autorisation d'exercice (guichet unique)**                          | Operating Permit                                                                                           |
| **Autorisation sectorielle (sector-specific permit)**                 | Operating Permit                                                                                           |
| **Autorisation municipale (municipal operating permit)**              | Operating Permit                                                                                           |
| **Registre des mouvements de titres (SA)**                            | Ownership Records                                                                                          |
| **Registre des associés (SARL)**                                      | Ownership Records                                                                                          |
| **PV d'assemblée générale (board/GA resolution)**                     | Signing Authority                                                                                          |
| **Résolution de gérance**                                             | Signing Authority                                                                                          |
| **Procuration / Délégation de pouvoir (for third-party signatories)** | Signing Authority                                                                                          |
| **Contrat de bail**                                                   | Address                                                                                                    |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**                                   | Address                                                                                                    |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**                                       | Address                                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                           | Agrément ACPR (banking, payment services, insurance), Agrément AMF (investment services, asset management) |

**Not applicable in France:** Governance Records, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Kbis issued by Greffe; RNE certificate free via INPI. Both reflect SIREN and current dirigeants. Kbis remains the standard artifact for commercial companies; RNE certificate now legally equivalent for KYB purposes.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised for SA; sous seing privé permitted for SAS/SARL. Filed with RNE at incorporation via guichet unique.
* **Tax Registration:** Documents TVA intracommunautaire number. Non-VAT entities: use Avis de Situation SIRENE showing SIREN as fallback.
* **Operating Permit:** France has no single national general trade permit; declaration via guichet unique (formalites.entreprises.gouv.fr) substitutes for the former CFE process. Some sectors (artisans, professions libérales) require additional qualification proof.
* **Sector-Specific License:** ACPR (banking: CRD IV / CRR; PSPs: PSD2); AMF (MiFID II / MiFIR; AIFMD). Significant credit institutions: ECB is competent authority; ACPR acts as NCA.
* **Ownership Records:** Bring statuts (all entity types). SA entities also provide registre des mouvements de titres; SARL entities provide registre des associés.
* **Signing Authority:** Board/shareholder resolution (PV) required for non-routine acts; notarised POA for external mandataries.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                    |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL / SNC / SCI)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed managing officer; day-to-day authority; registered in Kbis.                                          |
| Président (SAS / SASU)                 | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Mandatory legal rep of a SAS; binds the company vis-à-vis third parties; registered in Kbis.                   |
| Directeur Général (SAS)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Optional operational executive in SAS; assists the président; distinct role from président.                    |
| Président-Directeur Général (SA)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive chair of SA with combined management and board-chair functions (conseil d'administration structure). |
| Directeur Général (SA)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive manager of SA; appointed by conseil d'administration; distinct from PDG.                             |
| Administrateur (SA)                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the conseil d'administration; governance/oversight; not operational.                                 |
| Membre du conseil de surveillance (SA) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member in SA with directoire structure; oversight only.                                      |
| Membre du directoire (SA)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive board member in SA with directoire structure; operational management.                                |
| Mandataire / Procurataire              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a procuration or délégation de pouvoir; authorized to bind company for specific acts.                |

## Notes

* Kbis vs. RNE certificate are not identical in legal standing. The Extrait Kbis remains the primary artifact for commercial entities (RCS-registered); the INPI RNE certificate has no autonomous legal validity for judicial proceedings but is accepted for KYB onboarding. Always collect Kbis for commercial companies (SARL, SAS, SA, SNC).
* RNE phase-in teething issues (2023). The 2023 migration from multi-track CFE/RCS/SIRENE system to the unified guichet unique caused widespread data-sync delays; some companies received incorrect SIREN/SIRET updates or dual registrations. Verify SIREN status on both data.inpi.fr and annuaire-entreprises.data.gouv.fr for entities incorporated in 2023.
* SAS president ≠ SARL gérant for signing-authority verification. In a SAS, the statuts may restrict the président's powers — always check the statuts (not just the Kbis) for any limitations on the scope of authority before accepting a PV or POA.
* Commissaire aux Comptes threshold. Not all SARL or SAS appoint a statutory auditor; mandatory only above two of: €5M balance sheet, €10M turnover, 50 employees (Art. D821-172, Décret n°2024-152 of 28 Feb 2024, eff. 2024-03-01). Absence of a CAC is normal for smaller entities and is not a KYB gap.


# Gabon
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/gabon

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Gabon (GAB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                     |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | GA / GAB                                  |
| Registry     | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce / ANPI-GNI |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Gabon and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                | Issuer                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF (Numéro d'Identification Fiscale)** | DGI (Direction Générale des Impôts)       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM**                           | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce / ANPI-GNI |

*Tax ID:* 13-digit unique number issued as Attestation d'immatriculation. Must register within 2 months of starting activity.

*Registration number:* Assigned at commercial registration. Appears on Extrait RCCM.

## Sector regulators

`COBAC` · `BEAC` · `COSUMAF` · `CIMA` · `ANIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société Anonyme                                 | SA           | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum capital 10,000,000 XAF (private) or 100,000,000 XAF (public); board or sole administrator; statutory auditor required. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                           |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée                  | SAS          | Simplified share-capital company with flexible bylaws-driven governance; led by a Président; shares not freely tradable on public market but the legal form is share-based. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                   |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company for closely-held businesses; minimum capital 100,000 XAF; managed by one or more gérants; quotas not freely transferable. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                  |
| Société Unipersonnelle à Responsabilité Limitée | SUARL        | Single-member limited-liability company; structurally identical to SARL but owned entirely by one natural or legal person. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                                                                                         |
| Entreprise Individuelle                         | EI           | Sole-trader form in which the entrepreneur and the business are legally one; no separate legal personality; all business assets and personal assets are merged. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                  |
| Société en Nom Collectif                        | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners trade under a common name and bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                            |
| Société en Commandite Simple                    | SCS          | Limited partnership combining unlimited-liability general partners (commandités) with capital-contributing silent partners (commanditaires) whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                     |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                 | GIE          | Economic-interest grouping of two or more existing entities formed to facilitate or develop members' economic activities; acquires legal personality upon RCCM registration; members bear unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: a contractual joint venture or Statutory Trust.              |
| Société Coopérative                             | SCOOP        | Cooperative society governed by the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (AUSCOOP); variable capital; democratic member control; may take the simplified form or the board-governed form. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                                          |
| Société Civile                                  | SC           | Non-commercial civil-law company used for liberal professions, real-estate holding, and family patrimony management; governed by the Civil Code rather than OHADA commercial law; partners have unlimited personal liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (civil/non-commercial variant). |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                            |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                                |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts constitutifs                                                        |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation d'immatriculation fiscale                                       |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Licence administrative · Autorisation sectorielle             |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Liste des associés · Registre des actionnaires                |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Liste des gérants · Liste des administrateurs                 |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Résolution du Conseil d'Administration · Procuration notariée |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                        | Proves                        |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                                | Legal Registration            |
| **Statuts constitutifs (OHADA AUSCGIE)**        | Constitutive Documents        |
| **Attestation d'immatriculation fiscale (NIF)** | Tax Registration              |
| **Licence administrative (Min. Intérieur)**     | Operating Permit              |
| **Autorisation sectorielle**                    | Operating Permit              |
| **Liste des associés**                          | Ownership Records             |
| **Registre des actionnaires**                   | Ownership Records             |
| **Liste des gérants (SARL)**                    | Governance Records            |
| **Liste des administrateurs (SA)**              | Governance Records            |
| **Résolution du Conseil d'Administration**      | Signing Authority             |
| **Procuration notariée**                        | Signing Authority             |
| **Contrat de bail**                             | Address                       |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**             | Address                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**                 | Address                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                     | Agrément COBAC, COSUMAF, CIMA |

**Not applicable in Gabon:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Greffe/ANPI-GNI. Confirms RCCM number, registered office, managers.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Private deed or notarial act. Contains name, capital, governance, shareholders at formation.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DGI. 13-digit NIF per CGI Art. 45.
* **Operating Permit:** Licence administrative required for certain establishments (hotels, bars, etc.); sectoral authorisation from relevant ministry for regulated activities.
* **Sector-Specific License:** COBAC for banking and EMF; COSUMAF for securities intermediaries; CIMA for insurance. Sector-specific.
* **Ownership Records:** Shareholding register embedded in statuts for SARL; SA maintains a separate share register (registre des actionnaires). Partners listed by name and share count at formation.
* **Governance Records:** Managers/directors listed in RCCM filing. For SA: board composition in statuts and PV d'AG.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution for account opening; notarised POA for third-party signatories.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL)                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational manager of SARL; appointed in statuts or by AGO; binds company. |
| Président (SAS)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Leads SAS with broadest powers; acts on behalf of company.                  |
| Directeur Général (SA)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive with day-to-day authority in SA.                                  |
| Administrateur (SA)                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of Conseil d'Administration; governance role.                        |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chairs the board; governance, not operational.                              |
| Mandataire / Procureur                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | POA holder authorised to legally bind the company.                          |

## Notes

* No Hague Apostille. Gabon is not a party to the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention (HCCH status table, 2026-05-06; 129 contracting parties listed, Gabon absent). Foreign documents require full legalisation: notarisation → competent authority → Gabonese embassy/consulate.
* GNI one-stop shop: ANPI Gabon's GNI portal (gni-anpigabon.com) processes RCCM registration, NIF attribution, and bank-account opening concurrently within 48 hours; physical notarisation no longer required for most entity types.


# Gambia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/gambia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Gambia (GMB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                     |
| ------------ | ------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | GM / GMB                  |
| Registry     | Companies Department, MoJ |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Gambia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                         |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                 | GRA (Gambia Revenue Authority) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Registration Number** | Companies Department, MoJ      |

*Tax ID:* 10-digit numeric; issued by GRA; must be obtained before Companies Department registration.

*Registration number:* Assigned on issuance of Certificate of Registration; published in the Gazette.

## Sector regulators

`CBG` · `FIU Gambia`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | Closely-held company; minimum 1 shareholder and 1 director; liability limited to share capital; shares are not freely transferable to the public. The common SME incorporation vehicle in Gambia. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Public Limited Liability Company  | PLC          | Share-capital company that may offer shares to the public; subject to higher disclosure and governance requirements under the Companies Act 2013. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                          |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | No share capital; members' liability limited to a guaranteed amount; used for non-profits, charities, and member associations. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                                                  |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more partners carrying on business together; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                      |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                   |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name or a registered business name; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                         |
| Cooperative Society               | —            | Member-owned entity governed on a one-member-one-vote basis; common in agriculture, credit, and trade sectors in Gambia. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                              |
| External Company (Branch)         | —            | Foreign company operating in Gambia through a registered branch; requires a local registered agent and power of attorney filed with the Companies Department. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Registration                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                        |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Municipal Trade License                                       |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                           |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                   | Proves                        |
| ------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Registration**            | Legal Registration            |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents        |
| **TIN Certificate**                        | Tax Registration              |
| **Municipal Trade License**                | Operating Permit              |
| **Register of Members**                    | Ownership Records             |
| **Register of Directors**                  | Governance Records            |
| **Board Resolution**                       | Signing Authority             |
| **Power of Attorney**                      | Signing Authority             |
| **Lease Agreement**                        | Address                       |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**            | Address                       |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**          | Address                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                | CBG License (sector-specific) |

**Not applicable in Gambia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Companies Department, MoJ, on approval of Memorandum & Articles; notice published in the Gazette.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single paired document prepared by a legal practitioner; filed with Companies Dept. under Companies Act 2013.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by GRA under Income and Value Added Tax Act 2012 s.221; prerequisite to company registration.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued annually by Banjul City Council or Kanifing Municipal Council; standard fee D5,000.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBG licenses banks and mobile money operators under Banking Act 2009 + Central Bank Act 2018 s.71; insurance companies and microfinance under Insurance Act 2003 + Insurance Regulations 2005.
* **Ownership Records:** Maintained by the company under Companies Act 2013.
* **Governance Records:** Companies Act 2013 requires each company to maintain a register of directors; filed with Companies Dept.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution required for domestic signatories; notarized power of attorney appointing a resident agent required for foreign companies.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                          |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Min. 1 required; any nationality; day-to-day management authority.   |
| Authorized Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of board resolution or power of attorney binding the company. |

## Notes

* Gambia is NOT OHADA — English common law applies; do not map roles to OHADA entity types.
* Gambia is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH status table, 2026-05-06); foreign documents require full legalisation via embassy chain.
* The registered office must be a physical street address in The Gambia; P.O. boxes are not accepted.


# Georgia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/georgia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Georgia (GEO) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | GE / GEO                     |
| Registry     | NAPR                         |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Georgia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                           | Issuer               |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | -------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Taxpayer / Identification Number** | Revenue Service (RS) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Taxpayer / Identification Number** | Revenue Service (RS) |

*Tax ID:* Same 9-digit code as taxpayer ID; appears on the Extract from the Entrepreneurs Register and on RS tax documents.

*Registration number:* Same 9-digit code as taxpayer ID; appears on the Extract from the Entrepreneurs Register and on RS tax documents.

## Sector regulators

`NBG` · `FMS` · `RS`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                                              | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Individual Entrepreneur (ინდივიდუალური მეწარმე)                                         | IE           | A natural person conducting business in their own name without forming a separate legal entity; bears unlimited personal liability for all business obligations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.      |
| Limited Liability Company (შეზღუდული პასუხისმგებლობის საზოგადოება)                      | შპს / ShPS   | Capital divided into participatory interests; partners not personally liable beyond their contributions; the most common business form. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                               |
| Joint-Stock Company (სააქციო საზოგადოება)                                               | სს / SS      | Share capital divided into freely transferable shares; may be public or private; two-tier governance (supervisory board + executive director). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                 |
| General Partnership / Joint Liability Company (სოლიდარული პასუხისმგებლობის საზოგადოება) | სპს / SPS    | All partners jointly and severally liable for company obligations with all their assets; no share capital requirement; uncommon in practice. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                          |
| Limited Partnership (კომანდიტური საზოგადოება)                                           | კს / KS      | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution; rare in practice. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.             |
| Cooperative (კოოპერატივი)                                                               | —            | Member-owned legal entity whose primary purpose is to satisfy members' economic or social interests rather than to generate profit; governed by the Law on Entrepreneurs. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. |
| Branch / Representative Office of a Foreign Entity                                      | —            | A registered presence of a foreign company in Georgia; has no separate legal personality and the foreign parent bears full liability for its Georgian operations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Extract from Entrepreneurs Register                                            |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Charter · Foundation Agreement                                   |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Certificate                                                   |
| Ownership Records      | NAPR Register Extract                                                          |
| Governance Records     | NAPR Register Extract                                                          |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution (ოქმი)                                                        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* ქირავნობის ხელშეკრულება · კომუნალური ქვითარი · საბანკო ამონაწერი |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                | Proves                                             |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extract from Entrepreneurs Register (NAPR)**                          | Legal Registration                                 |
| **Charter (წესდება — Tsesdeba)**                                        | Constitutive Documents                             |
| **Foundation Agreement (LLC — შეზღუდული პასუხისმგებლობის საზოგადოება)** | Constitutive Documents                             |
| **Tax Registration Certificate (RS)**                                   | Tax Registration                                   |
| **NAPR Register Extract (partner list embedded)**                       | Ownership Records, Governance Records              |
| **Board Resolution (ოქმი)**                                             | Signing Authority                                  |
| **ქირავნობის ხელშეკრულება**                                             | Address                                            |
| **კომუნალური ქვითარი (უკანასკნელი 90 დღე)**                             | Address                                            |
| **საბანკო ამონაწერი (უკანასკნელი 90 დღე)**                              | Address                                            |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                             | NBG License (banking/insurance/payment/securities) |

**Not applicable in Georgia:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Electronic PDF with QR code; verifiable on NAPR portal. Issued same-day.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with NAPR at registration; amendments must be re-registered.
* **Tax Registration:** The 9-digit tax identification number is the same as the NAPR identification code. An RS portal printout or the NAPR extract serves as tax registration proof.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Issued by National Bank of Georgia. Required for banks, insurance companies, payment service providers, securities firms, MFIs.
* **Governance Records:** Director appointments and removals must be registered with NAPR; extract reflects current state.
* **Signing Authority:** The director holds statutory representative authority; third-party agents require a notarized power of attorney.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Either document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address requirements.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                     | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director (დირექტორი) — LLC/JSC                                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Statutory executive with management and representative authority; appointed by partners/shareholders. |
| Member of Supervisory Board (სამეთვალყურეო საბჭოს წევრი) — JSC | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance-only role; appoints/dismisses directors; required for JSCs above certain thresholds.       |
| Authorized Representative (წარმომადგენელი / POA holder)        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Granted representative authority by board resolution or notarized POA; no management authority.       |

## Notes

* Same ID for registry and tax: The NAPR identification code and the Revenue Service taxpayer ID are identical 9-digit numbers. Collect once; no separate tax certificate document exists — an RS portal printout or the NAPR extract suffices for both businessEntityId and taxId.
* No general operating license: Georgia deliberately abolished general municipal business permits under the Law on Licences and Permits (2005). Do not request an operating license for standard commercial activities — it does not exist. Only flag the Operating Permit field if the entity operates in one of the 86+50 specifically enumerated licensed/permitted activity categories.
* Nominee shareholding in JSCs: The Law on Entrepreneurs permits nominee shareholding for JSCs, provided the nominee is an NBG-regulated/supervised entity. LLCs do not prohibit nominees either. Always conduct look-through to ultimate natural persons in JSC structures.
* Pre-2022 entity re-registration: entities incorporated under the prior 1994 Law on Entrepreneurs were required to re-register under the 2021 Law by 1 April 2026. Verify the entity's charter and registration extract reflect the 2021 Law regime; old-law charters indicate a possible compliance gap.


# Germany
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/germany

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Germany (DEU) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | DE / DEU                     |
| Registry     | Amtsgericht (district court) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Germany and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                | Issuer                       |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Steuernummer**          | Local Finanzamt              |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Handelsregisternummer** | Amtsgericht (district court) |

*Tax ID:* District-specific Steuernummer issued by the local Finanzamt (separate from the EU USt-IdNr / VAT number).

*Registration number:* Format: HRB \[number] or HRA \[number] + court identifier (e.g. HRB 12345 Berlin). HRA = partnerships; HRB = capital companies. Found on Handelsregisterauszug.

## Sector regulators

`BaFin` · `Deutsche Bundesbank` · `BNetzA/Bundesnetzagentur` · `Bundeskartellamt`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                | Abbreviation  | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung                     | GmbH          | Most common quota-based private limited-liability company; minimum €25,000 share capital; shareholders listed in the Gesellschafterliste filed with the Handelsregister. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                |
| Unternehmergesellschaft (haftungsbeschränkt)              | UG            | Low-capital GmbH variant requiring as little as €1; must retain 25% of annual profit as a reserve until the €25,000 GmbH threshold is reached. Closest US equivalent: SMLLC.                                                                                                                    |
| Aktiengesellschaft                                        | AG            | Share corporation with minimum €50,000 capital; mandatory Vorstand (management board) and Aufsichtsrat (supervisory board); shares freely transferable. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                          |
| Societas Europaea                                         | SE            | Pan-European public share corporation formed under EU Regulation 2157/2001; minimum €120,000 capital; enables cross-border registered-office transfer without dissolution; governed alongside German AktG. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                       |
| Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien                          | KGaA          | Hybrid capital company with at least one personally liable general partner (Komplementär) and freely tradeable shares held by limited shareholders (Kommanditaktionäre); registered in HRB Section B. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                            |
| Kommanditgesellschaft                                     | KG            | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (Komplementär, unlimited liability) and one limited partner (Kommanditist, liability capped at contribution); registered in HRA. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                                                               |
| GmbH & Co. KG                                             | GmbH & Co. KG | KG whose Komplementär is a GmbH, capping personal liability; common operating and holding structure; registered in HRA. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                                                                                                                              |
| Offene Handelsgesellschaft                                | OHG           | General commercial partnership in which all partners bear unlimited joint liability; must conduct a full commercial trade and be registered in HRA. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                                                                 |
| Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts                          | GbR / eGbR    | Civil-law partnership for two or more persons; may be unregistered (GbR) or registered in the Gesellschaftsregister (eGbR) since MoPeG effective 2024-01-01; all partners bear unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                           |
| Partnerschaftsgesellschaft                                | PartG         | Partnership reserved exclusively for members of recognised liberal professions (e.g. lawyers, doctors, architects); registered in the Partnerschaftsregister; all partners bear unlimited joint liability for professional negligence. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                              |
| Partnerschaftsgesellschaft mit beschränkter Berufshaftung | PartGmbB      | Variant of the PartG in which only the directly responsible partner bears personal liability for professional errors; requires mandatory professional indemnity insurance; available to regulated-profession chambers only. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                                         |
| Einzelunternehmen / Eingetragener Kaufmann                | e.K.          | Sole trader conducting business as a single natural person; may operate as a small trade (Kleingewerbe, no Handelsregister entry required) or as a registered merchant (e.K.) entered in the Handelsregister; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Eingetragene Genossenschaft                               | eG            | Registered cooperative with at least three members; registered in the Genossenschaftsregister; members promote their economic interests collectively; liability may be limited or unlimited depending on statutes. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                          |
| Eingetragener Verein                                      | e.V.          | Registered non-commercial association; at least seven founding members; registered in the Vereinsregister at the local Amtsgericht; primary purpose must be non-commercial (ideal association). Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Handelsregisterauszug                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Gesellschaftsvertrag · Satzung                  |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Steuernummer-Bescheid + USt-IdNr-Bescheid     |
| Operating Permit       | Gewerbeschein                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | Gesellschafterliste                                           |
| Governance Records     | Handelsregisterauszug                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Gesellschafterbeschluss · Notarielle Vollmacht  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Mietvertrag · Versorgungsrechnung · Kontoauszug |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                          | Proves                                 |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| **Handelsregisterauszug (current printout — aktueller Ausdruck)** | Legal Registration, Governance Records |
| **Gesellschaftsvertrag (GmbH/UG)**                                | Constitutive Documents                 |
| **Satzung (AG/SE)**                                               | Constitutive Documents                 |
| **Steuernummer-Bescheid (tax number notification)**               | Tax Registration                       |
| **USt-IdNr-Bescheid (Bundeszentralamt für Steuern)**              | Tax Registration                       |
| **Gewerbeschein**                                                 | Operating Permit                       |
| **Gesellschafterliste (GmbH)**                                    | Ownership Records                      |
| **Gesellschafterbeschluss (shareholder resolution)**              | Signing Authority                      |
| **Notarielle Vollmacht (notarised power of attorney)**            | Signing Authority                      |
| **Mietvertrag**                                                   | Address                                |
| **Versorgungsrechnung (≤90 Tage)**                                | Address                                |
| **Kontoauszug (≤90 Tage)**                                        | Address                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                       | BaFin Erlaubnis, Zulassung             |

**Not applicable in Germany:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Download free at handelsregister.de; confirms HRB/HRA number, legal form, registered office, current status.
* **Constitutive Documents:** GmbH: notarised per GmbHG §2. AG: notarised per AktG §23. Filed with and retrievable from Handelsregister.
* **Tax Registration:** Steuernummer is the primary domestic tax ID issued by the local Finanzamt. USt-IdNr (DE + 9 digits) is required for EU-VAT purposes and issued by BZSt.
* **Operating Permit:** Required for most commercial activities; issued by local Gewerbeamt.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banking (KWG §32), payment services (ZAG §10), insurance (VAG §8), investment services (WpIG §15). Collect applicable authorisation only.
* **Ownership Records:** GmbH Gesellschafterliste filed with and retrievable from the Handelsregister (handelsregister.de).
* **Governance Records:** Lists Geschäftsführer (GmbH/UG), Vorstand members (AG), and Prokuristen with scope (Einzel- or Gesamtprokura); publicly searchable.
* **Signing Authority:** Prokura registered in Handelsregister (HGB §§48–53) is self-evidencing from extract. For third-party representatives, use notarised Vollmacht.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                         |
| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Geschäftsführer (GmbH/UG)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing director; day-to-day operational authority; registered in Handelsregister.                 |
| Vorstandsmitglied (AG)                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | AG management board member; executive authority; represents company externally.                     |
| Komplementär (KG / GmbH & Co. KG)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner; manages partnership; bears unlimited liability in pure KG.                         |
| Aufsichtsratsmitglied (AG / large GmbH) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member; governance/oversight role; no operational authority.                      |
| Prokurist                               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of Prokura (HGB §§48–53); broad commercial signing authority; registered in Handelsregister. |
| Bevollmächtigter (POA holder)           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised Vollmacht; scope defined by instrument.                                         |

## Notes

* W-IdNr is not yet a KYB substitute for USt-IdNr. Phase 1 (VAT-registered entities) started 2024-11; Phase 2 (all economically active entities) expected from Q4 2026 per BZSt. Collect USt-IdNr as primary tax identifier until further notice.


# Ghana
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/ghana

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Ghana (GHA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                             |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | GH / GHA                                                          |
| Registry     | [Office of the Registrar of Companies (ORC)](https://orc.gov.gh/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Ghana and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                 | GRA (Ghana Revenue Authority)              |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Registration number** | ORC (Office of the Registrar of Companies) |

*Tax ID:* Taxpayer Identification Number issued by GRA.

*Registration number:* Company registration number assigned by the ORC.

## Sector regulators

`BoG` · `SEC GH` · `NIC` · `FIC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares   | Ltd          | Closely-held company with 1–50 shareholders whose liability is limited to unpaid share capital; the default SME incorporation vehicle under the Companies Act 2019 (Act 992). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                  |
| Public Company Limited by Shares    | PLC          | Share-capital company with no restriction on the number of shareholders, whose shares may be offered to the public; governed by the Companies Act 2019 (Act 992). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                       |
| Company Limited by Guarantee        | LBG          | Company with no share capital whose members' liability is limited to a guaranteed contribution on winding up; used primarily by nonprofits, clubs, and professional associations under the Companies Act 2019 (Act 992). Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation. |
| Private Company Unlimited by Shares | PRUC         | Closely-held company (1–50 members) whose members bear unlimited personal liability for company debts; used mainly by professional firms under the Companies Act 2019 (Act 992). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                      |
| Business Name (Sole Proprietorship) | —            | A single individual trading under a registered business name pursuant to the Registration of Business Names Act 1962 (Act 151); no separate legal entity, owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                            |
| External Company                    | —            | A body corporate incorporated outside Ghana that registers with the ORC to carry on business in Ghana under the Companies Act 2019 (Act 992), Part 9. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                         |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | Constitution                                                             |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                          |
| Operating Permit       | Business Operating Permit                                                |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Constitution · Annual Return · Particulars of Shareholders |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Constitution + Annual Return                             |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement            |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                     | Proves                                                        |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (ORC)**       | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Constitution (Act 992)**                   | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **TIN Certificate (GRA)**                    | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Business Operating Permit (Metropolitan)** | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Annual Return**                            | Ownership Records, Governance Records                         |
| **Particulars**                              | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Board Resolution**                         | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Lease Agreement**                          | Address                                                       |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**              | Address                                                       |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**            | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                  | BoG, SEC GH, NIC, FIC — Financial Intelligence Centre         |

**Not applicable in Ghana:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** Structure is Constitution + (Annual Return OR Particulars of Shareholders). Constitution is always required; either ownership filing satisfies the share-record requirement depending on company vintage and filing status.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role           | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                            |
| -------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Minimum 2. At least 1 must be ordinarily resident in Ghana (Companies Act 2019, §171). |
| Authorized Signatory | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person empowered to execute documents.                                                 |

## Notes

* At least 1 of the minimum 2 directors must be ordinarily resident in Ghana (Companies Act 2019, §171).
* Constitution is a single document under Act 992, replacing the prior Memorandum + Articles.


# Gibraltar
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/gibraltar

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Gibraltar (GIB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                       |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                                      |
| ISO 3166-1   | GI / GIB                                                    |
| Registry     | [Companies House Gibraltar](https://www.companieshouse.gi/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                  |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Gibraltar and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                      |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Taxpayer Reference Number (TRN)** | Gibraltar Income Tax Office |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Number**                  | Companies House Gibraltar   |

*Tax ID:* 5–6 digit numeric identifier assigned sequentially by the Income Tax Office on corporate registration; used on corporation tax returns (Form CT1) and all correspondence with the Income Tax Office. No prefix or check digit. Corporations register separately with the Income Tax Office after Companies House incorporation; enquiries via [corporate.enquiries@gibraltar.gov.gi](mailto:corporate.enquiries@gibraltar.gov.gi).

*Registration number:* Numeric identifier assigned by the Registrar at incorporation under the Companies Act 2014; appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all subsequent Companies House filings. Format is sequential numeric; currently 5–6 digits (examples: 01067, 57168, 105232). Displayed on the Certificate of Incorporation header.

## Sector regulators

`GFSC (Gibraltar Financial Services Commission)` · `GRA (Gibraltar Regulatory Authority)` · `OFT / BLA (Office of Fair Trading / Business Licensing Authority)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | The principal domestic commercial vehicle; incorporated under the Companies Act 2014; members' liability limited to amounts unpaid on their shares; must restrict share transfer and may not invite the public to subscribe for shares or debentures; minimum one director (must be a natural person) and one shareholder. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Public Limited Company            | plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2014; shares may be offered to the public and traded on a recognised exchange; minimum allotted share capital requirements apply; must include 'plc' or 'Public Limited Company' in its name; subject to additional disclosure obligations. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2014 with no share capital; members guarantee a nominal sum on winding up (typically £1); used for non-profit entities, charities, clubs, and associations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Unlimited Company                 | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2014; members bear unlimited personal liability for company debts; may or may not have share capital; rarely used commercially; primary advantage is reduced public accounts disclosure obligation. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (in terms of unlimited liability).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Protected Cell Company            | PCC          | A company registered under the Protected Cell Companies Act 2001; comprises a core company plus an unlimited number of separately ring-fenced 'cells'; assets and liabilities of each cell are legally segregated from other cells and the core; each cell may issue its own class of shares; requires GFSC consent (s.11 of the Act); used primarily for insurance captives and investment funds. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                                                                            |
| Limited Liability Partnership     | LLP          | Body corporate with separate legal personality, incorporated under the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2009 (commenced March 2016); two or more members (natural persons or legal entities); each member's liability limited to their agreed contribution; must include at least one designated member responsible for statutory filings; registered with Companies House. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                                                                                                                                                        |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | Formed under the Limited Partnerships Act (as amended, with the statutory framework updated in 2020); one or more general partners with unlimited liability manage the partnership; one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; the general partners may elect whether the LP has separate legal personality; used for investment funds and private equity structures. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business in common with a view to profit under the common law of partnership (Partnership Act); no separate legal personality; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; registered with Companies House and the Income Tax Office. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Private Foundation                | —            | A separate legal entity with its own legal personality, registered at Companies House under the Private Foundations Act 2017 (in force 11 April 2017); established by a Founder who endows it with assets; managed by a Foundation Council, which must at all times include at least one Gibraltar-resident body corporate holding a Class VII GFSC licence; used for succession planning, private wealth management, and asset protection; registers and receives a Certificate of Establishment. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or private foundation. |
| Private Trust Company             | PTC          | A company set up solely to act as trustee of one family's trusts; established under the Private Trust Companies Act 2015 and registered with Companies House; must at all times retain a Registered Administrator holding a valid Class VII or Class VIII GFSC licence (per Companies House Guidance Note 33, updated October 2025); allows family members and trusted advisers to participate directly in trustee decision-making. Closest US equivalent: Private directed trust.                                                                               |
| Sole Trader                       | —            | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal entity; no limited liability — personal assets fully exposed; must register with the Gibraltar Income Tax Office (Form S1) and the Department of Employment; if trading under a business name other than their own, the name must first be registered at Companies House; must obtain a business licence from the Office of Fair Trading where required by the Fair Trading Act 2023. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                |
| Branch of Overseas Company        | —            | A foreign-incorporated entity establishing a place of business in Gibraltar; registered with Companies House under Part XIV of the Companies Act 2014 (Overseas Companies); not a separate Gibraltar legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; must file a return of particulars and maintain a registered address in Gibraltar. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                                                                                                                                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                        |
| Tax Registration       | Income Tax Office Registration Letter                         |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                              |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Register of Members · Annual Return             |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · Annual Return           |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                      | Proves                                                                                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**              | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**    | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                             |
| **Income Tax Office TRN Registration Letter** | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Business Licence**                          | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Register of Members**                       | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Annual Return (FAR01)**                     | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Register of Directors**                     | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Annual Return (FAR01)**                     | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution**                          | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Power of Attorney**                         | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Lease Agreement**                           | Address                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**               | Address                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**             | Address                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**              | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                   | Gibraltar Financial Services Commission Authorisation, GFSC Distributed Ledger Technology Provider Licence, Gibraltar Regulatory Authority Remote Gambling Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Companies House Gibraltar upon completion of incorporation under the Companies Act 2014; states the company name, registration number, date of incorporation, type of company (private/public; limited by shares/guarantee/unlimited), and bears the Registrar's signature and seal. Certified copies may be obtained directly from Companies House and can be apostilled for international use.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Two documents filed with Companies House at incorporation under s.7–9 of the Companies Act 2014. The Memorandum states company name, registered office, liability type, share capital, and subscriber signatures. The Articles contain internal governance rules. Gibraltar adopted Model Articles with the 2014 Act; objects clauses are no longer required (objects are presumed unrestricted). Both documents are publicly available from Companies House. Foundations use a Foundation Charter (Deed of Foundation) instead.
* **Tax Registration:** On registering with the Income Tax Office, the ITO issues a registration pack confirming the entity's 5–6 digit Taxpayer Reference Number (TRN). Gibraltar levies corporation tax at 15% (Income Tax Act 2010, as amended; rate effective 1 July 2024); utility companies and entities abusing a dominant market position pay 20%. There is no VAT in Gibraltar. For sole traders the equivalent is a self-employment registration confirmation. The TRN appears on Form CT1 (corporate tax return) and all ITO correspondence.
* **Operating Permit:** Required under the Fair Trading Act 2023 (in force 1 October 2023, superseding the Fair Trading Act 2015) for any person wishing to trade (wholesale or retail) or provide a service in Gibraltar, unless they are already licensed under separate sectoral legislation (e.g. financial services, legal services, medical). Issued by the Business Licensing Authority (BLA), which operates within the Office of Fair Trading. The licence register is publicly searchable at oft.gov.gi/business-license-register-search. Businesses regulated by another enactment (e.g. GFSC-licensed firms) are generally exempt from a separate BLA licence.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific licences apply to regulated activities. The Gibraltar Financial Services Commission (GFSC, fsc.gi) regulates: banks and credit institutions (Financial Services Act); investment firms (Financial Services Act); payment institutions and e-money issuers (Financial Services Act); insurance companies and intermediaries; fund managers and fund administrators; professional trustees (Class VII and VIII licences); company managers; DLT (Distributed Ledger Technology) providers under the Financial Services (Distributed Ledger Technology Providers) Regulations 2017 (one of the first DLT-specific regimes globally, eff. 1 January 2018; updated by the 2020 Regulations). The Gibraltar Regulatory Authority (GRA) regulates remote gambling operators. Obtain the applicable licence copy; GFSC licence status is publicly searchable at fsc.gi/regulated-entities.
* **Governance Records:** Companies Act 2014 requires companies to maintain a Register of Directors and a Register of Secretaries at the registered office; changes must be reported to Companies House (Form FDMS02 — Return of Particulars of Directors). The Annual Return (FAR01) includes director and secretary details and is publicly filed with Companies House. Director information is publicly searchable via the Companies House e-Registry at companieshouse.gi.
* **Signing Authority:** A board resolution passed at a duly convened board meeting (or by written resolution for private companies) authorises the named signatory to act on the company's behalf. A notarised power of attorney may be used for external representation. No statutory prescribed form; company letterhead resolution is standard practice. For execution as a deed, two authorised signatories or one director and a witness are required under the Companies Act 2014.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by Companies House Gibraltar on request; confirms the company is active, has not been struck off or dissolved, and has filed its accounts and annual returns up to date. Distinct from the Certificate of Incorporation issued at formation. Can be certified and apostilled for international use. Processing time 1–2 business days; apostilled version 8–10 business days. Required by financial institutions and counterparties and typically requested within 6 months of issue.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day executive authority under the Companies Act 2014; at least one must be a natural person; registered in the Register of Directors and reported in the Annual Return. Duties include acting in good faith in the interests of the company. |
| Company Secretary                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Officer responsible for statutory compliance and filings with Companies House; not mandatory for private companies under the Companies Act 2014 but commonly appointed; details filed in the Annual Return.                                                                |
| Designated Member (LLP)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | At least one designated member required per Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2009; responsible for the LLP's statutory filings with Companies House.                                                                                                                     |
| General Partner (LP / Partnership) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages the limited partnership; bears unlimited liability for partnership debts; registered with Companies House Gibraltar.                                                                                                                                               |
| Authorised Signatory / POA Holder  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Empowered by board resolution or notarised power of attorney to bind the company; scope defined by the authorising instrument.                                                                                                                                             |

## Notes

* Gibraltar has no VAT. Do not request a VAT certificate; the jurisdiction does not operate a value-added tax system. The tax identifier is the 5–6 digit Taxpayer Reference Number (TRN) issued by the Income Tax Office. Note: Gibraltar's 2025 Budget introduced a Transaction Tax replacing import duties (rates 15–17% on standard goods; 0% on essentials), but this is a customs-type levy on goods imports, not a business registration tax, and does not generate a separate registration document.
* Business licence is mandatory for most commercial activities. Under the Fair Trading Act 2023 (eff. 1 October 2023), almost all trading and service-provision activities require a business licence from the BLA/OFT, unless separately regulated by another enactment (e.g. GFSC licensees are typically exempt from the general business licence).
* DLT/crypto regulation is robust and well-established. Gibraltar launched the world's first bespoke DLT regulatory framework on 1 January 2018 under the Financial Services (Distributed Ledger Technology Providers) Regulations 2017 (updated by the 2020 Regulations). GFSC-licensed DLT Providers must meet nine core principles; the GFSC register at fsc.gi/regulated-entities/dlt-providers-38 lists authorised DLT Providers.
* Companies Act 2014 closely mirrors the UK Companies Act 2006. Gibraltar lawyers and company managers familiar with UK practice will recognise most structural requirements. Key divergence: Gibraltar retains its own separate registry (Companies House Gibraltar, not UK Companies House) and has distinct filing forms (FAR01 vs CS01; FDMS02 for director changes).
* Private Foundations (Private Foundations Act 2017) are a popular wealth-planning vehicle. A Foundation Council must include a Gibraltar-resident GFSC Class VII licensee at all times. Upon registration, the Registrar issues a Certificate of Establishment (not a Certificate of Incorporation); collect this as the business\_registration document for foundations.
* Certificate of Good Standing is typically required within 6 months. Major Gibraltar banks and foreign correspondents routinely require a current (less than 6 months old) Certificate of Good Standing at account opening and periodic review.
* Pillar Two Global Minimum Tax applies from 2024. Gibraltar enacted the Global Minimum Tax Act 2024 (gazetted 23 December 2024), implementing a Qualifying Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (QDMTT) for fiscal years beginning on or after 31 December 2023, and an Income Inclusion Rule (IIR) for fiscal years beginning on or after 31 December 2024. The Under-Taxed Profits Rule (UTPR) is excluded. MNE groups with consolidated revenue of €750 million or more in at least two of the four preceding fiscal years must register with the Income Tax Office. Registration uses the entity's existing 5–6 digit TRN — no new or separate identifier is issued under the Act. Groups whose first in-scope fiscal year ended by 31 August 2025 were required to register by 28 February 2026; subsequent groups must register within six months of the end of their first in-scope fiscal year.


# Greece
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/greece

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Greece (GRC) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                      |
| ------------ | -------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | GR / GRC                   |
| Registry     | GEMI / chamber of commerce |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Greece and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                              | Issuer                                          |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **AFM (Αριθμός Φορολογικού Μητρώου)**   | AADE (Independent Authority for Public Revenue) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **ΑΡΙΘΜΟΣ ΓΕΜΗ (GEMI number / ARGEMI)** | GEMI / chamber of commerce                      |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit number; doubles as VAT ID with prefix "EL" (not "GR") — e.g. EL094019245. Confirmed on Apodeixis AFM printout from TAXISNET.

*Registration number:* Unique company registration number displayed on GEMI extract (Apospasma); also carries EU-standard EUID (GR + GEMI number).

## Sector regulators

`BoG` · `HCMC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                          | Abbreviation      | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Anonimi Etaireia (Anonymous Company)                                | Α.Ε. / AE         | Joint-stock company with separate legal personality; minimum capital €25,000; governed by a board of directors; shares are freely transferable. Governed by L.4548/2018. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                               |
| Etaireia Periorismenis Efthynis (Limited Liability Company)         | Ε.Π.Ε. / EPE      | Quota-based limited-liability company; minimum capital €4,500; managed by one or more appointed administrators; quotas not freely tradable. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                                                           |
| Idiotiki Kefalaiouchiki Etaireia (Private Capital Company)          | Ι.Κ.Ε. / IKE      | Flexible close-company form introduced by L.4072/2012; minimum capital €1; accepts non-cash and guarantee contributions; managed by an administrator. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                     |
| Omorrythmi Etaireia (General Partnership)                           | Ο.Ε. / OE         | Partnership of two or more persons with joint and unlimited personal liability; no minimum capital; all partners co-manage unless otherwise agreed. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                              |
| Eterrorrythmi Etaireia (Limited Partnership)                        | Ε.Ε. / EE         | Partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner liable only to the extent of their contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                      |
| Atomiki Epicheirisi (Sole Proprietorship)                           | —                 | Single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade name; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                        |
| Koinoniki Syneteristiki Epicheirisi (Social Cooperative Enterprise) | ΚΟΙΝΣΕΠ / KOINSEP | Social-economy cooperative pursuing both profit and social benefit; governed by L.4019/2011; democratic member control; minimum five founding members. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                        |
| Astiki Mi Kerdoskopiki Etaireia (Civil Non-Profit Company)          | ΑΜΚΕ / AMKE       | Civil-law non-profit entity pursuing cultural, scientific, educational, or social objectives; governed by Articles 741–784 of the Greek Civil Code; members bear unlimited liability; no share capital. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)). |
| Ypokatastiма Allodapis Etaireias (Branch of Foreign Company)        | —                 | Registered Greek branch of a foreign legal entity; no separate legal personality; the foreign parent bears full liability; must appoint a Greek legal representative and register with GEMI. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                            |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                             |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Apospasma GEMI                                                               |
| Constitutive Documents | Katastatiko                                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Apodeixis AFM · TAXISNET registration printout                 |
| Operating Permit       | Adeia Leitourgias                                                            |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Katastatiko · Mitroo Metochon · List of partners               |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Apospasma GEMI · Praktika DS · Πράξη ορισμού διαχειριστή       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Απόφαση ΔΣ · Νοτάριακό πληρεξούσιο                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Μισθωτήριο · Λογαριασμός κοινής ωφελείας · Τραπεζική κατάσταση |
| Good Standing          | Γενικό Πιστοποιητικό ΓΕΜΗ                                                    |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                               | Proves                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Apospasma GEMI (GEMI extract)**                                      | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                            |
| **Katastatiko (Articles of Association / Statutes)**                   | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records                                                                         |
| **Apodeixis AFM**                                                      | Tax Registration                                                                                                  |
| **TAXISNET registration printout**                                     | Tax Registration                                                                                                  |
| **Adeia Leitourgias (municipal operating permit)**                     | Operating Permit                                                                                                  |
| **Mitroo Metochon (share register, AE)**                               | Ownership Records                                                                                                 |
| **List of partners (IKE/EPE)**                                         | Ownership Records                                                                                                 |
| **Praktika DS (BoD minutes, AE)**                                      | Governance Records                                                                                                |
| **Administrator appointment deed (IKE/EPE)**                           | Governance Records                                                                                                |
| **Απόφαση ΔΣ (BoD resolution)**                                        | Signing Authority                                                                                                 |
| **Νοτάριακό πληρεξούσιο (notarised proxy)**                            | Signing Authority                                                                                                 |
| **Μισθωτήριο**                                                         | Address                                                                                                           |
| **Λογαριασμός κοινής ωφελείας (≤90 ημέρες)**                           | Address                                                                                                           |
| **Τραπεζική κατάσταση (≤90 ημέρες)**                                   | Address                                                                                                           |
| **Γενικό Πιστοποιητικό ΓΕΜΗ (General Certificate of company changes)** | Good Standing                                                                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                            | Άδεια ΤτΕ (Bank of Greece — banking, payments, e-money), Άδεια ΕΚΚΕ / HCMC (capital markets, investment services) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable from businessportal.gr; includes GEMI number, EUID, status, registered address, capital, management.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised deed for AE (L.4548/2018); private deed sufficient for IKE (L.4072/2012) and EPE. Published in GEMI.
* **Tax Registration:** 9-digit AFM issued by AADE; same number used as EL-prefixed VAT ID. Printed from TAXISNET portal.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by relevant municipality or regional authority; sector-specific variants exist (KYE for F\&B, industrial licenses under L.3982/2011).
* **Sector-Specific License:** BoG for credit institutions and insurance (L.4364/2016); HCMC for investment firms and capital market operators.
* **Ownership Records:** Share register (Mitroo Metochon) for unlisted AEs is maintained by the company, not by GEMI or any public body.
* **Governance Records:** GEMI extract lists current management; BoD minutes evidence appointments and signing authority for AEs.
* **Signing Authority:** For AE: BoD resolution suffices for routine account-opening. Notarised POA required for broader ongoing authority.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued electronically by GEMI via businessportal.gr; confirms the company is active (not dissolved, not in bankruptcy or liquidation) and lists company changes. The Apospasma GEMI (extract) covers data but the Γενικό Πιστοποιητικό is the named good-standing instrument. Banks and cross-border use typically require issuance within 3 months; for branch-of-foreign-company filings Greek law requires within 3 months.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Melos Diikitikoy Symvoulioy (BoD member, AE)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive member of the AE Board of Directors (Diikitiko Symvoulio).                                              |
| Proedros DS (Chairman of BoD, AE)                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over AE board; governance role, not necessarily executive.                                                   |
| Diefthynon Symvoulis (Managing Director / CEO, AE) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive member of AE BoD with day-to-day management authority.                                                      |
| Dioikitis / Diaxeiristis (Administrator, IKE/EPE)  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed manager of IKE or EPE; exercises executive powers.                                                          |
| Nomimos Ekprosopos (Legal Representative)          | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised to legally bind the company; may be the Diefthynon Symvoulis or a separately designated individual. |
| Prokuristas (Attorney-in-fact / POA holder)        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised Proksi; authority limited to scope of the instrument.                                             |
| Omorrythmos Etairos (General Partner, OE/EE)       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Unlimited-liability partner with management authority in OE or EE.                                                    |

## Notes

* VAT prefix is "EL" not "GR". Greece's ISO2 code is GR but its EU VAT prefix is EL (historical convention). Validate VAT numbers as EL + 9 digits — matching on "GR" will fail.
* AE share register (Mitroo Metochon) is private for non-listed companies. It is maintained by the company, not by GEMI or any public body. For listed AEs, shareholder data is held by the Hellenic Central Securities Depository (ATHEXCSD).
* GEMI extract is the single authoritative registration proof. Greece does not issue a separate "Certificate of Incorporation" in the common-law sense — the Apospasma GEMI (extract) serves this function and is downloadable directly from businessportal.gr.


# Greenland
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/greenland

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Greenland (GRL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | United States & Canada                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ISO 3166-1   | GL / GRL                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Registry     | [Det Centrale Virksomhedsregister (CVR) — Central Business Register, administered by the Danish Business Authority (Erhvervsstyrelsen) on behalf of Greenland](https://datacvr.virk.dk) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                                              |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Greenland and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                                                 | Issuer                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **CVR-nummer (Central Business Register Number) / Skatte-TIN (Tax Identification Number)** | Skattestyrelsen (Greenlandic Tax Agency) — registration via virk.dk self-service portal |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CVR-nummer (Central Business Register Number)**                                          | Danish Business Authority (Erhvervsstyrelsen) via CVR                                   |

*Tax ID:* The CVR number serves as both the business registration number and the fiscal TIN for legal entities in Greenland. Assigned upon registration in the CVR (Det Centrale Virksomhedsregister) via virk.dk. All commercial entities — capital companies, partnerships, sole proprietorships, branches, funds, and associations — must obtain a CVR number. The Greenlandic Tax Agency (Skattestyrelsen, [tax@nanoq.gl](mailto:tax@nanoq.gl)) administers tax obligations independently from Denmark; however, CVR registration is handled through the same Danish portal. There is no VAT (moms) in Greenland; corporate tax is a flat 25% rate. The CVR number is the primary identifier on all official documents, invoices, and tax filings. For entities also registering for employer obligations, separate registration is required with the Employer Register (Sulinal, sulinal.nanoq.gl). The Greenlandic Business Register (GER) was dissolved on 1 January 2018 and all entities were automatically transferred to CVR; the Danish Companies Act (Selskabsloven) entered into force for Greenland on 1 July 2018.

*Registration number:* 8-digit identifier assigned by the CVR upon registration. Identical to the tax TIN — a single number serves both registration and tax identification purposes in Greenland. Appears on the registration certificate, CVR extract, annual reports, and all correspondence with public authorities. Assigned at incorporation when the board or founder completes online registration at virk.dk. The prior Greenlandic Business Register (GER) was dissolved on 1 January 2018; all existing numbers were migrated to CVR with the same numeric values where possible. The Selskabsloven (Danish Companies Act) entered into force for Greenland on 1 July 2018.

## Sector regulators

`Finanstilsynet (Danish Financial Supervisory Authority) — banking, insurance, investment firms, e-money institutions operating in Greenland; dfsa.dk` · `Skattestyrelsen (Greenlandic Tax Agency) — corporate tax, income tax, employer registration, customs; tax@nanoq.gl` · `Erhvervsstyrelsen (Danish Business Authority) — company registration, annual reports in CVR; datacvr.virk.dk` · `Naalakkersuisut (Government of Greenland) — mineral resources licensing, fishing licences, foreign direct investment screening (proposed FDI act)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Aktieselskab                 | A/S          | Public limited company (aktieselskab); separate legal entity; minimum share capital DKK 400,000 (at least DKK 100,000 paid up at registration, remainder callable); shares may be publicly issued and traded; requires both an executive board (direktion) and a board of directors (bestyrelse) or supervisory board (tilsynsråd); governed by the Danish Companies Act (Selskabsloven) entered into force for Greenland 1 July 2018; registered with CVR. Must file audited annual reports (årsrapporter) with the Danish Business Authority. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Anpartsselskab               | ApS          | Private limited company (anpartsselskab); the most common commercial vehicle in Greenland for SMEs and subsidiaries; separate legal entity; minimum share capital DKK 40,000 fully paid at registration; shares cannot be publicly issued; may operate with an executive board (direktion) only — a board of directors is not required; transfer of anparter (shares) may be restricted by the articles; governed by the Selskabsloven entered into force for Greenland 1 July 2018; registered with CVR. Must file annual reports. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Iværksætterselskab           | IVS          | Entrepreneurial company (iværksætterselskab); minimum share capital of DKK 1; separate legal entity with limited liability; 25% of annual profits must be reserved until the accumulated reserve reaches DKK 40,000, at which point the entity may convert to an ApS; introduced under the Selskabsloven as extended to Greenland (1 July 2018). Denmark abolished the IVS form effective 15 April 2019 (LOV nr. 445/2019); existing IVS companies had until 15 October 2021 to convert to ApS or face forced dissolution; newly formed Greenlandic entities therefore use ApS as the minimum-capital vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Interessentskab              | I/S          | General partnership (interessentskab); two or more partners (natural or legal persons) with joint and several unlimited liability for partnership obligations; no separate legal personality distinct from its partners in the traditional Danish sense; registered with CVR; partnership agreement is the constitutive document. No minimum capital. Registered in CVR via the R4 self-service form (Registreringsanmeldelse interessentskab). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Kommanditselskab             | K/S          | Limited partnership (kommanditselskab); at least one general partner (komplementar) bearing unlimited personal liability and one or more limited partners (kommanditister) whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; limited partners may not participate in management; registered with CVR via the R4 self-service form; partnership agreement is the constitutive document. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Partnerselskab               | P/S          | Limited partnership with share capital (partnerselskab), also called kommanditaktieselskab; a hybrid of an A/S and a K/S: limited partners' interests are divided into shares (aktier); the general partner bears unlimited liability while limited partners have limited liability; subject to Selskabsloven requirements for share companies (minimum capital DKK 400,000); registered with CVR; used for professional partnerships (law, accounting, architecture). Closest US equivalent: Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Enkeltmandsvirksomhed        | —            | Sole proprietorship (enkeltmandsvirksomhed); a single natural person trading in their own name or under a registered business name; no separate legal personality; the owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business obligations; registered with CVR via virk.dk; no minimum capital required. In Greenland, the owner must hold a Greenlandic address for registration purposes. Approximately half of the roughly 6,000 entities that migrated from the Greenlandic Business Register to CVR on 1 January 2018 were sole proprietorships. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Erhvervsdrivende fond        | —            | Business foundation (erhvervsdrivende fond); a separate legal entity without shareholders or members; assets are dedicated to a defined purpose; governed by the Danish Act on Commercial Foundations (Lov om erhvervsdrivende fonde, LBK nr. 984/2015 as applicable to Greenland); must conduct commercial activities; registered with CVR; subject to foundation board governance and annual reporting requirements. Closest US equivalent: Statutory business trust or purpose trust.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Forening                     | —            | Association (forening); member-based entity formed for a common non-commercial or mixed purpose; may conduct commercial activity provided profits are retained within the entity; no share capital; registered with CVR; articles of association (vedtægter) is the constitutive document. Cooperative-style associations (andelsforening) used in fishing and retail sectors may also adopt this form. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Partsrederi                  | —            | Ship-owning partnership (partsrederi); a traditional Greenlandic and Danish maritime business form in which multiple co-owners (rederiparter) share ownership of a vessel and associated trading operations; not a separate legal entity; partners bear proportional unlimited liability; registered with CVR; common in Greenland's fishing and maritime industries. Closest US equivalent: Joint venture / general partnership.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Filial af udenlandsk selskab | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company (filial af udenlandsk selskab); a foreign corporation may register a branch in Greenland to conduct local business without incorporating a new entity; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; must register with CVR via virk.dk (or by submitting a paper form to [cvr@nanoq.gl](mailto:cvr@nanoq.gl) for entities without MitID); must maintain a Greenlandic postal address; must provide a certified company registration certificate (not exceeding 3 months old), memorandum and articles, and a branch manager power of attorney; annual audited financial statements must be filed with the Danish Business Authority; EU/EEA companies register under a streamlined route; non-EU/EEA companies require additional official certification that the branch is permitted under home-country law. Closest US equivalent: Branch / representative office of a foreign corporation. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                              |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* CVR Registreringsbevis + CVR-udtræk                           |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Stiftelsesdokument + Vedtægter + Partnership Agreement        |
| Tax Registration       | CVR Tax Registration Confirmation *(optional: Sulinal Employer Registration)* |
| Ownership Records      | Ejerbog                                                                       |
| Governance Records     | CVR Management Extract *(optional: Serviceattest)*                            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Bestyrelsesresolution · Fuldmagt                                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                 |
| Good Standing          | CVR Extract (Active Status) *(optional: Serviceattest)*                       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                               | Proves                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **CVR Registration Certificate**                                       | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                          |
| **CVR Extract (datacvr.virk.dk)**                                      | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Stiftelsesdokument (Founding Document / Memorandum of Association)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Vedtægter (Articles of Association / By-laws)**                      | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Partnership Agreement (I/S, K/S, or P/S)**                           | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                      |
| **CVR Registration Confirmation (Tax / Skattestyrelsen)**              | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Sulinal Employer Register Confirmation**                             | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Ejerbog (Shareholder Register / Owner Book)**                        | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                           |
| **CVR Extract — Management / Directors Section**                       | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Serviceattest (Comprehensive Company Certificate)**                  | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Bestyrelsesresolution (Board Resolution)**                           | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Fuldmagt (Power of Attorney)**                                       | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Lejekontrakt (Lease Agreement)**                                     | Address                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Nukissiorfiit Utility Bill (Forsyningsregning)**                     | Address                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Bankudskrift (Bank Statement — proof of address)**                   | Address                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **CVR-udtræk — Aktiv (Current CVR Extract — Active Status)**           | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Serviceattest (Comprehensive Good-Standing Certificate)**            | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                            | Finanstilsynet Financial Licence (Banking / Insurance / Investment), Greenlandic Mineral Resources Licence (Naalakkersuisut), Greenlandic Fishing Licence (Naalakkersuisut) |

**Not applicable in Greenland:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Upon completing registration at virk.dk, the Danish Business Authority (Erhvervsstyrelsen) generates a registration confirmation letter (registreringsbevis) stating the entity's CVR number, legal form, registered name, and Greenlandic address. A full CVR extract (CVR-udtræk) can be downloaded at any time from datacvr.virk.dk for free; it contains the CVR number, legal form (virksomhedsform), registered address, management, share capital, status (aktiv/ophørt), and — for capital companies — annual report filing history. For capital companies (ApS, A/S), the extract also references the stiftelsesdokument (founding document) and vedtægter (articles) filed at incorporation. For entities without access to Danish MitID (e.g., foreign-controlled branches), a paper registration form is submitted to [cvr@nanoq.gl](mailto:cvr@nanoq.gl). Documents are issued in Danish; English translations are available via certified translators. The prior Greenlandic Business Register (GER) was dissolved 1 January 2018; the Selskabsloven (Danish Companies Act) entered into force for Greenland on 1 July 2018; all GER entities received CVR numbers automatically.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For capital companies (ApS and A/S): two constitutive documents are required and filed with the CVR at incorporation. (1) Stiftelsesdokument (founding/memorandum document): prepared and signed by the founders; sets out the decision to establish the company, names of founders, initial share capital, subscription of shares, and any special rights. (2) Vedtægter (articles of association / by-laws): sets out the company name, registered office, objects, share capital structure, governance rules, board composition, and meeting procedures. Both documents are uploaded at virk.dk at the time of online registration. The board must register the company with the Danish Business Authority within five weeks of signing the stiftelsesdokument. For partnerships (I/S, K/S, P/S): a partnership agreement (samarbejdsaftale or selskabsaftale) is the constitutive document; filed with CVR via the R4 form. Documents are in Danish; Greenlandic (Kalaallisut) translations are not legally required but may be provided. Overseas branch: constitutional documents of the foreign parent must be submitted as part of branch registration. Selskabsloven (governing statute) entered into force for Greenland on 1 July 2018.
* **Tax Registration:** Greenland has no VAT (moms); there is no VAT registration certificate. The primary tax identifier is the CVR number, which is assigned upon CVR registration. The Greenlandic Tax Agency (Skattestyrelsen, [tax@nanoq.gl](mailto:tax@nanoq.gl)) administers income tax and corporate tax independently from Denmark. Corporate tax rate is a flat 25% on profits. Entities with employees must also register with the Employer Register (Sulinal, sulinal.nanoq.gl) and will receive an employer registration confirmation. There is no separate TIN certificate issued by Skattestyrelsen distinct from the CVR registration documentation; the CVR registreringsbevis or CVR extract with the CVR number serves as the operative tax identification document. For sole proprietors (enkeltmandsvirksomhed), a proof of registration (registreringsbevis) can be printed from skat.gl (Skattestyrelsen's portal) under 'Profil – Registreringsbevis'.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Financial services supervision in Greenland operates under a dual framework. The Danish Financial Business Act (Lov om finansiel virksomhed) applies with adaptations — however, not all Danish financial legislation has been extended to Greenland (e.g., the Danish Payments Act has not been enacted in Greenland as of 2026-06-10, as confirmed by GrønlandsBANKEN's PSD2 disclosures). Banks operating in Greenland are supervised by the Danish Financial Supervisory Authority (Finanstilsynet, dfsa.dk); GrønlandsBANKEN A/S (CVR 80050410) was designated a systemically important financial institution (SIFI) in Greenland by Finanstilsynet in June 2024. Insurance companies, payment institutions, and investment firms are also subject to Finanstilsynet oversight. Mineral resource extraction (oil, gas, minerals) is licensed by the Greenlandic Government (Naalakkersuisut) under the Mineral Resources Act. Fishing licences are issued by the Greenlandic Ministry of Fisheries and Hunting. Entities not in a regulated sector: this slot is not applicable as a universal KYB document.
* **Governance Records:** Directors and executive management of all capital companies are publicly listed in the CVR register. For an ApS, the direktion (executive board / managing director) is mandatory; a bestyrelse (board of directors) or tilsynsråd (supervisory board) is optional. For an A/S, both a direktion and a bestyrelse or tilsynsråd are required. Management details (names, roles, CVR/CPR reference) are visible in the free CVR extract at datacvr.virk.dk and in the Serviceattest (comprehensive company certificate ordered from CVR, fee DKK 750). Changes to management must be filed with CVR within 14 days of the change. For partnerships (I/S, K/S), managing partners are recorded in the CVR registration.
* **Signing Authority:** No prescribed statutory form. A board resolution (bestyrelsesresolution or direktionsbeslutning) on company letterhead, signed by the authorised members of the governing body, is the standard instrument authorising a named signatory to act on behalf of the entity. The CVR extract specifies the tegningsregel (signing rule / subscription rule) — the combination of signatures required to bind the company — which may substitute for a board resolution in many contexts. A notarised power of attorney (fuldmagt) is used when authority is delegated externally or for use in international transactions. For apostille: Denmark (including Greenland) is a party to the Hague Convention; apostille is available via the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs or a notary. Documents are typically in Danish.
* **Address:** Standard proof-of-address evidence: lease agreement (lejekontrakt, no time bound) OR utility bill (forsyningsregning) OR bank statement (kontoudskrift / bankudskrift) dated within 90 days. Utility providers in Greenland include Nukissiorfiit (electricity, water, and heating supply — the Greenlandic public utility). Banking is provided by GrønlandsBANKEN (the dominant commercial bank, listed on Nasdaq Copenhagen as GRLA) and Banknordik (operating in Greenland). The document must show the entity's registered Greenlandic address. Registration with CVR already requires a verified Greenlandic postal address, so registered office address confirmation is typically obtained via the CVR extract; proof-of-address documents are primarily needed for the operating address where different from the registered address.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Direktør (Managing Director / Executive Board Member) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Member of the direktion (executive board); responsible for day-to-day management of the company; mandatory for all capital companies (ApS and A/S); publicly registered in CVR with full name. The CVR extract specifies the tegningsregel (signing combination rule) which governs how the entity is legally bound. Appointed by the bestyrelse (for A/S) or directly by shareholders (for ApS). Statutory basis: Selskabsloven §§ 111–128. |
| Bestyrelsesmedlem (Board of Directors Member)         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the bestyrelse (board of directors) or tilsynsråd (supervisory board); mandatory for A/S, optional for ApS; responsible for oversight and strategic governance; publicly registered in CVR. The board sets the tegningsregel that specifies who can legally bind the company and in what combination. Statutory basis: Selskabsloven §§ 111–128.                                                                                   |
| Tegningsberettiget (Authorized Signatory)             | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorised to sign on behalf of the company and legally bind it, as specified in the tegningsregel published in the CVR extract. May be a director (direktør), board member, or a specially designated person. The tegningsregel may require multiple signatories acting jointly. The CVR extract is the primary evidence of signing authority for Greenlandic entities.                                                          |
| Fuldmagtshaver (Power of Attorney Holder)             | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | A natural or legal person granted a notarised fuldmagt (power of attorney) by the governing body to act on behalf of the entity in specific or general matters. Authority is evidenced by the fuldmagt instrument. For branch offices, the branch manager typically holds a fuldmagt from the foreign parent.                                                                                                                                |

## Notes

* Greenland is an autonomous constituent territory of the Kingdom of Denmark (self-governance since 2009); it is not a member of the European Union (Greenland left the EEC in 1985). The Greenlandic Business Register (GER) was dissolved on 1 January 2018 and approximately 6,000 entities were migrated to the Danish CVR. The Danish Companies Act (Selskabsloven) entered into force for Greenland on 1 July 2018, replacing the prior Greenlandic public and private companies acts. All new entities must register via virk.dk or by submitting a paper form to [cvr@nanoq.gl](mailto:cvr@nanoq.gl).
* There is no VAT (moms) in Greenland. Corporate income tax is a flat 25%. Personal income tax reaches 42–44% (combined national + municipal rates). The Greenlandic Tax Agency (Skattestyrelsen, [tax@nanoq.gl](mailto:tax@nanoq.gl)) administers all local taxes independently from the Danish SKAT authority.
* The CVR number is an 8-digit identifier that serves as both the business registration number and the tax identification number. The format regex \d\{8} is confirmed by OECD TIN documentation and the CVR data standard. Example: GrønlandsBANKEN A/S CVR 80050410.
* The CVR extract (CVR-udtræk) from datacvr.virk.dk is freely downloadable at any time and serves simultaneously as proof of registration, good standing, and management / directors record. The Serviceattest (DKK 750, ordered from Erhvervsstyrelsen) provides a comprehensive combined certificate including confirmations from ATP, the tax authority, the probate court, and criminal records.
* The Danish Payments Act (betalingsloven) has not been enacted in Greenland as of 2026-06-10; consequently PSD2 / open-banking requirements do not apply to Greenlandic payment operations. GrønlandsBANKEN A/S explicitly disclaims PSD2 TPP complaint jurisdiction with Finanstilsynet. Financial institutions operating in Greenland should verify on a law-by-law basis whether each Danish financial statute has been extended to Greenland.
* Banking supervision: Finanstilsynet (dfsa.dk) is the supervising authority for banks operating in Greenland. GrønlandsBANKEN A/S was designated a Greenlandic SIFI by Finanstilsynet in June 2024. The Danish Financial Business Act (Lov om finansiel virksomhed) applies in Greenland with sector-specific adaptations.
* Documents are issued in Danish (Dansk) and/or Greenlandic (Kalaallisut). Most official CVR documents are in Danish. Request certified translations into English for international KYB purposes. Apostille certification (Hague Convention, extended to Greenland via Denmark) is available from the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs or a notary.
* Naalakkersuisut (the Government of Greenland) has proposed a mandatory investment screening (FDI) act applicable to sensitive sectors — monitor for enactment, as it may affect acquisition of Greenlandic entities by non-Danish buyers.
* The Greenlandic economy is dominated by fishing (shrimp, Greenland halibut), minerals and hydrocarbon exploration, and public administration. Most registered companies are SMEs (ApS), sole proprietorships, or subsidiaries of Danish or international groups. The territory's strategic importance has increased significantly in 2025–2026 due to geopolitical attention to Arctic resources.


# Grenada
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/grenada

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Grenada (GRD) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | GD / GRD                                                                                             |
| Registry     | [Corporate Affairs and Intellectual Property Office (CAIPO)](https://gov.gd/caipo/corporate-section) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Grenada and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Inland Revenue Division (IRD)                              |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Corporate Affairs and Intellectual Property Office (CAIPO) |

*Tax ID:* 6-digit numeric identifier issued by the IRD upon business/individual registration; permanent and unique. Businesses must register with IRD within one year of commencing operations. For VAT-registered entities (mandatory when annual taxable supplies exceed XCD 300,000), the Comptroller appends additional digits to the TIN to create a distinct VAT registration number. Issued under the Income Tax Act and administered via the G-TAX digital system at tax.gov.gd.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier assigned by CAIPO at incorporation under the Companies Act Cap. 58A (Act No. 35 of 1994, revised 2010 and amended by Act No. 5 of 2022). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all post-incorporation filings. No publicly confirmed fixed-length standard; assigned sequentially as a plain integer. Legacy IBC numbers (issued under the repealed International Companies Act Cap. 152, now wound down as of 31 December 2021) may still appear on pre-2022 documents.

## Sector regulators

`ECCB (Eastern Caribbean Central Bank) — banking and licensed financial institutions` · `GARFIN (Grenada Authority for the Regulation of Financial Institutions) — non-bank financial institutions, insurance, MSBs, VASPs, credit unions` · `GFRC (Grenada Financial Regulatory Commission) — company and trust service providers, charitable trusts` · `ECSRC (Eastern Caribbean Securities Regulatory Commission) — securities dealers and broker-dealers` · `FIU (Financial Intelligence Unit Grenada) — AML/CFT compliance`

## Legal structures

| Local name                              | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares       | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 58A (Act No. 35 of 1994); shares are not freely transferable and the company may not offer shares to the public; maximum 50 shareholders; the default SME and domestic operating vehicle. Requires at least one director and one shareholder (who may be the same person); no minimum share capital. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                  |
| Public Company Limited by Shares        | Plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 58A; shares may be offered to the public; minimum seven shareholders; subject to enhanced governance, audit, and public disclosure obligations. May be listed on the Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Company Limited by Guarantee            | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 58A; no share capital; members guarantee a nominal sum on winding up; used for charities, NGOs, professional associations, schools, and religious bodies. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| International Business Company (legacy) | IBC          | REPEALED. Formerly incorporated under the International Companies Act Cap. 152 (2002). The IBC regime was abolished by parliament in December 2018; existing IBCs had until 31 December 2021 to wind up or migrate to domestic company status under Companies Act Cap. 58A. As of 1 January 2022 no new IBCs can be formed and no preferential tax treatment applies. Conduit may still encounter legacy IBC documentation for companies incorporated before the repeal. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Unlimited Company                       | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 58A; members have unlimited personal liability for all company debts. Rare in practice; used where unlimited liability is commercially acceptable. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (in terms of unlimited liability, though it is a distinct corporate form).                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| General Partnership                     | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; registered under the Registration of Business Names Act Cap. 281 (amended Act No. 5 of 2012). Partners are personally liable for all partnership debts. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Limited Partnership                     | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; registered with CAIPO. Limited partners may not participate in management without losing liability protection. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Sole Proprietorship                     | —            | A single natural person carrying on business on their own account; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability. Must register a trading/business name with CAIPO under the Registration of Business Names Act Cap. 281 within 14 days of commencing operations if using a name other than the owner's own name. Must register with the IRD within one year of commencing operations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                 |
| Branch of a Foreign Company             | —            | A foreign corporation registered to conduct business in Grenada under Part XIX of the Companies Act Cap. 58A; must appoint a local registered agent and maintain a registered office; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Must file certified constitutional documents from its home jurisdiction with CAIPO. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation Branch.                                                                                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                            |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: IBC Certificate of Incorporation)* |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                      |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* TIN Registration Certificate · VAT Registration Certificate   |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                         |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement               |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                           | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                                   | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **International Business Company Certificate of Incorporation (legacy, pre-2022)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **TIN Registration Certificate**                                                   | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **VAT Registration Certificate**                                                   | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Register of Members**                                                            | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Register of Directors**                                                          | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Board Resolution**                                                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Power of Attorney**                                                              | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                                | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                                    | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                                  | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                                                   | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                        | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Banking Licence, Grenada Authority for the Regulation of Financial Institutions Licence, Grenada Financial Regulatory Commission Licence, Eastern Caribbean Securities Regulatory Commission Broker-Dealer Licence |

**Not applicable in Grenada:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by CAIPO under the Companies Act Cap. 58A. Contains company name, registration number, date of incorporation, and type of company. CAIPO is located at Mt. Wheldale Gap, Upper Lucas Street, St. George's, Grenada. Extracts from CAIPO are available through the registry or via commercial document retrieval agents; the registry is not fully public or online-searchable. Processing typically 1–2 weeks. Documents can be apostilled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (Grenada is a Hague Apostille Convention member since 7 February 1974). Note: legacy IBC Certificates of Incorporation issued under the now-repealed International Companies Act Cap. 152 may still be presented for companies incorporated before 31 December 2021; these are accepted as a collect-if-available artifact for historical applicants.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with CAIPO at incorporation under the Companies Act Cap. 58A; constitutive document setting out company name, objects, share capital structure, and governance rules.
* **Tax Registration:** TIN issued by the IRD upon registration; mandatory for all businesses within one year of commencing operations. VAT registration certificate issued where annual taxable supplies exceed XCD 300,000 (EC\$300,000); displays a VAT-specific number derived from the TIN. Businesses must display the VAT registration certificate prominently. Registration is now managed via the G-TAX digital system (tax.gov.gd). Corporate income tax rate: 30% for domestic companies. The IBC (International Business Company) regime was repealed effective 31 December 2021; no IBC category remains active and the former foreign-income exemption has no current application.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banking and deposit-taking: licensed by the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB) under the Banking Act 2015 (EC-wide); minimum capital EC\$20 million; the ECCB is also the AML/CFT supervisor for licensed financial institutions in Grenada. Non-bank financial institutions (insurance, credit unions, money services businesses, building societies, virtual asset service providers, pensions, international trusts, company management): licensed by GARFIN (Grenada Authority for the Regulation of Financial Institutions). Company service providers and general company/trust service providers: licensed by the GFRC (Grenada Financial Regulatory Commission) under the Company and Trust Services Providers Act. Securities dealers and broker-dealers: licensed by the ECSRC (Eastern Caribbean Securities Regulatory Commission) under the Securities Act 2001. Payment service providers: governed by the Payment System and Services Act 2025.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained by the company and filed with CAIPO under the Companies Act Cap. 58A; directors appear in CAIPO records. Changes to directors must be notified to CAIPO.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising a signatory, or a notarised/sworn power of attorney. No statutory form prescribed — company letterhead resolution is standard practice. POA executed in Grenada may be sworn before a justice of the peace or notary public; foreign-executed POA should be apostilled via the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (Grenada is a Hague Apostille Convention member since 1974).
* **Address:** Lease agreement (no time restriction) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Must show the business address or registered office address. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by CAIPO confirming that the company is legally registered, active, and in compliance with its filing requirements under the Companies Act Cap. 58A (or International Companies Act Cap. 152 for IBCs). Confirms the company has not been struck off, dissolved, or wound up. Requested directly from CAIPO at Mt. Wheldale Gap, Upper Lucas Street, St. George's, Grenada (Tel: +1 473 440-2030; email: [registrar@caipo.gov.gd](mailto:registrar@caipo.gov.gd)). Can be apostilled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                               |
| ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day executive and fiduciary authority; named in the Register of Directors filed with CAIPO under Companies Act Cap. 58A.                    |
| Company Secretary                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Corporate officer responsible for statutory compliance and filings; mandatory for all companies under Companies Act Cap. 58A; may be an individual or a corporate entity. |
| Attorney / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorised via board resolution or notarised power of attorney to act and sign on behalf of the company; no statutory form prescribed.                                    |

## Notes

* CAIPO is the trade name for Grenada's company registry. Formal correspondence is addressed to the Registrar of Companies, Corporate Affairs and Intellectual Property Office, Mt. Wheldale Gap, Upper Lucas Street, St. George's, Grenada. The registry is not fully online-searchable; document retrieval typically requires in-person or agent-assisted requests. CAIPO email: [registrar@caipo.gov.gd](mailto:registrar@caipo.gov.gd); Tel: +1 (473) 440-2030.
* Grenada's IBC regime (International Companies Act Cap. 152) was abolished in December 2018 and fully wound down by 31 December 2021; no new IBCs can be formed. Legacy IBC certificates may still appear for companies incorporated before the repeal — these migrated to domestic company status under Companies Act Cap. 58A or were dissolved. All new company registrations in Grenada are under Companies Act Cap. 58A. The GFRC (gfrc.cc) continues to maintain a registry of legacy transitional entities and regulates company and trust service providers.
* Grenada is a member of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU); the Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD) is the local currency, pegged at XCD 2.70 = USD 1. The ECCB is the regional central bank and primary banking supervisor for Grenada.
* Grenada acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention on 7 February 1974. Documents can be apostilled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Corporate documents (Certificates of Incorporation, Certificates of Good Standing, Memoranda and Articles) are routinely apostilled for international use.
* For legacy IBC applicants (entities incorporated before 31 December 2021 under the repealed International Companies Act Cap. 152), collect any available IBC Certificate of Incorporation as a supplementary artifact. Such entities will now also have a domestic registration number under Companies Act Cap. 58A following mandatory migration.
* VAT registration (threshold XCD 300,000/year) is mandatory for businesses meeting the threshold; the VAT registration certificate displays a TIN-derived VAT number. Corporate income tax rate is 30% for domestic companies. The IBC foreign-income tax exemption ceased to apply effective 31 December 2021 when the International Companies Act Cap. 152 was fully wound down; all former IBCs are now either dissolved or re-registered as domestic companies under Companies Act Cap. 58A subject to standard corporate income tax.


# Guam
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/guam

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Guam (GUM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                          |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | GU / GUM                                                                                                       |
| Registry     | [General Licensing and Registration Branch, Guam Department of Revenue and Taxation](https://www.guamtax.com/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Guam and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                                         | Issuer                                                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Employer Identification Number (EIN) / Gross Receipts Tax (GRT) Account Number** | Internal Revenue Service (IRS) / Guam Department of Revenue and Taxation (DRT)      |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Business Registration / Entity File Number**                                     | Guam Department of Revenue and Taxation — General Licensing and Registration Branch |

*Tax ID:* Guam is an unincorporated US territory. Federal tax law applies directly (Organic Act of Guam 1950, 48 U.S.C. § 1421). Businesses use a federal Employer Identification Number (EIN) obtained from the IRS via Form SS-4. The EIN is also registered with the Guam DRT when applying for a Business License, at which point the DRT assigns a Gross Receipts Tax (GRT) Account Number printed at the top of the Business License. The GRT Account Number (1–9 digits, no fixed format confirmed) serves as the primary local tax account identifier for filing monthly GRT returns (Form GRT-1, Business Privilege Tax Return) under Title 11 GCA. The IRS EIN Confirmation Letter (CP 575 or 147C) is the primary documentary evidence of tax registration.

*Registration number:* Assigned by the DRT General Licensing and Registration Branch upon filing formation documents (Articles of Incorporation under Title 18 GCA Chapter 2 for corporations; Articles of Organization under Title 18 GCA Chapter 15 for LLCs; Certificate of Limited Partnership for LPs; etc.). The registration number appears on the Certificate of Incorporation, Certificate of Organization, or equivalent formation document issued by the DRT. No publicly confirmed fixed-length or fixed-format sequence; issued as a numeric sequence by DRT filing staff.

## Sector regulators

`Guam Department of Revenue and Taxation (DRT) — General Licensing and Registration Branch (entity formation, Business License)` · `Guam Department of Revenue and Taxation (DRT) — Insurance, Securities, Banking and Real Estate Branch / Commissioner of Banking and Insurance (banking, insurance, securities, money transmitter)` · `Banking and Insurance Board, Guam DRT (banking and insurance oversight board)` · `Guam Contractors License Board (CLB)` · `Guam Real Estate Commission (real estate brokers/salespersons)` · `FinCEN (federal AML/BSA oversight — Bank Secrecy Act applies to Guam financial institutions)` · `Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)` · `U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                               | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Domestic For-Profit Corporation          | Corp. / Inc. | Incorporated under Title 18 GCA, Division 1, Part 1 (The Corporate Law) and the Guam Business Corporation Act (Title 18 GCA Chapter 28); Articles of Incorporation filed with the DRT General Licensing and Registration Branch; $100 filing fee; perpetual duration unless otherwise stated; must appoint a registered agent on Guam; governed by a board of directors and officers; Sworn Annual Report due between July 1 and September 1 each year ($100 fee). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                      |
| Nonprofit Corporation                    | —            | Incorporated under Title 18 GCA, Division 1, Part 1 (nonprofit provisions) by filing Articles of Incorporation with the DRT; must state charitable, religious, educational, or similar nonprofit purpose; no share capital issued; any net earnings applied to declared purposes; Annual Report due July 1–September 1 (\$10 fee). May apply to the IRS for federal 501(c) tax-exempt status. Closest US equivalent: 501(c) Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                     |
| Professional Corporation                 | P.C.         | Formed under Title 18 GCA for licensed professionals (physicians, dentists, attorneys, accountants, engineers, architects, and other licensed professionals); all shareholders and directors must be licensed in the relevant profession; formed by filing Articles of Incorporation with DRT; name must include 'Professional Corporation' or 'P.C.'. Closest US equivalent: Professional Corporation (PC).                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Limited Liability Company                | LLC          | Formed under Title 18 GCA Chapter 15 (Guam Limited Liability Company Act, added by Public Law 23-125); Articles of Organization filed with DRT; $250 filing fee; Director of Revenue and Taxation issues a Certificate of Organization upon approval; LLC name must include 'limited company', 'limited liability company', 'L.C.', or 'L.L.C.'; member-managed or manager-managed; must appoint a registered agent in Guam; Sworn Annual Report due July 1–September 1 ($100 fee). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                            |
| General Partnership                      | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together under Title 18 GCA (partnership provisions); no separate entity-formation filing required but must obtain a Guam Business License from DRT; may register a fictitious trade name (Certificate of Transacting Business Under a Fictitious Name, \$25); unlimited joint and several liability for all partners. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Limited Partnership                      | LP           | Formed under Title 18 GCA (limited partnership provisions); one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; Certificate of Limited Partnership filed with DRT; must maintain a registered agent in Guam. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Registered Limited Liability Partnership | LLP          | Formed under Title 18 GCA Chapter 25 (as amended by P.L. 23-65, enacted November 22, 1995, Substitute Bill No. 257); a general partnership that has registered to obtain limited liability protection for its partners against the wrongful acts of other partners; statement of qualification filed with DRT; commonly used by professional practices. A foreign LLP must register with DRT within 30 days of commencing business in Guam. Closest US equivalent: Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).                                                                                                |
| Sole Proprietorship                      | —            | A single individual operating a business on their own account; no separate entity formation filing required with DRT; no registered agent requirement; unlimited personal liability. Must obtain a Guam Business License from DRT before commencing operations. Must register any fictitious trade name other than the owner's legal name with DRT (Certificate of Transacting Business Under a Fictitious Name). Must obtain an EIN from the IRS for employer tax purposes. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                   |
| Branch of Foreign Corporation            | —            | A foreign corporation (off-island or international) registered to transact business in Guam under Title 18 GCA Section 7101; must obtain a Certificate of Authority from the DRT Director before transacting business, plus a Guam Business License; must appoint a registered agent in Guam; must submit a certified copy of its home-jurisdiction articles of incorporation and a certificate of good standing or equivalent from the home jurisdiction. Not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation qualified to do business. |
| Nonprofit Cooperative Association        | —            | Formed under Title 18 GCA Chapter 13 (Nonprofit Cooperative Associations); organized for the mutual benefit of members in agricultural, consumer, credit, or similar cooperative activities; registered with DRT; net earnings distributed proportionately among member-patrons. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                                     |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Organization · Certificate of Limited Partnership *(optional: Certificate of Authority)* |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Articles of Organization *(optional: Operating Agreement)*                                                 |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* EIN Confirmation Letter · Guam Business License                                                                                        |
| Operating Permit       | Guam Business License                                                                                                                                |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Shareholders                                                                                                                             |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors and Officers · Sworn Annual Report                                                                               |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                                                                        |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                         | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                 | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Organization (LLC)**                            | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Limited Partnership**                           | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Authority (Foreign Corporation / Foreign LLC)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Articles of Organization (LLC)**                               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **LLC Operating Agreement**                                      | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **IRS EIN Confirmation Letter (CP 575 / 147C)**                  | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Guam Business License (showing GRT Account Number)**           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Guam Business License**                                        | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Register of Shareholders / Register of Members**               | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Register of Directors and Officers**                           | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Guam Sworn Annual Report (Director and Officer Listing)**      | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Board Resolution**                                             | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Power of Attorney**                                            | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Utility Bill (not older than 90 days)**                        | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Bank Statement (not older than 90 days)**                      | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Lease Agreement**                                              | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                                 | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                      | Banking Licence — Commissioner of Banking and Insurance, Guam Foreign Exchange / Money Transmitter Licence, Insurance Company Certificate of Authority / Producer Licence, Securities Dealer / Broker Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the DRT General Licensing and Registration Branch upon acceptance of the formation document filing under Title 18 GCA. For corporations: Certificate of Incorporation (Articles filed under Title 18 GCA Chapter 2; $100 fee). For LLCs: Certificate of Organization (Articles of Organization filed under Title 18 GCA Chapter 15; $250 fee). For limited partnerships: Certificate of Limited Partnership. For foreign entities: Certificate of Authority (Title 18 GCA §7101). All entities must also obtain a Guam Business License before commencing operations. Sworn Annual Reports filed annually with DRT (due July 1–September 1, \$100 fee) list directors/officers and registered agent; failure to file results in dissolution or cancellation of Certificate of Authority.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For corporations: Articles of Incorporation filed with DRT under Title 18 GCA Chapter 2 (§28205); must include company name, purpose, registered office, registered agent, authorized shares, incorporators, and initial directors/officers. For LLCs: Articles of Organization filed under Title 18 GCA Chapter 15; must include LLC name, duration, purpose, registered office, registered agent, capital contributions, and management structure. Operating Agreement (Title 18 GCA Chapter 15) governs internal LLC operations and is standard practice though not legally required to be filed with DRT. For nonprofits: Articles of Incorporation must include name, purpose, principal office, term, and initial directors; corporate term limited to 50 years unless amended (§18-210 GCA). All articles are retained in the DRT filing record.
* **Tax Registration:** Guam is an unincorporated US territory; federal tax law applies. The IRS issues an EIN Confirmation Letter (CP 575 or 147C) as the primary evidence of tax registration. The Guam DRT assigns a GRT Account Number (1–9 digits, no fixed format confirmed) upon issuance of the Business License; the GRT number is printed at the top of the Business License and is used for filing monthly GRT returns (Form GRT-1, Business Privilege Tax). Businesses with gross receipts above the LECSB threshold must file monthly; smaller businesses may qualify for the Limited Exemption for Certain Small Businesses (LECSB). The Business License itself is also treated as evidence of fiscal registration under Guam law.
* **Operating Permit:** The Guam Business License is mandatory for all businesses operating in Guam, issued by the DRT General Licensing and Registration Branch (1240 Army Drive, Barrigada, Guam 96913). All corporations, LLCs, partnerships, joint ventures, and associations must register and obtain a Business License prior to commencing operations; sole proprietors also require a Business License. The Business License must be renewed annually (online via GuamTax.com). The license displays the GRT Account Number. For foreign entities, a Certificate of Authority must be obtained before a Business License is issued. Professional service providers (healthcare, cosmetology, contractors, attorneys, CPAs, insurance, real estate, securities, engineers, architects, surveyors) must obtain approval from their respective professional boards before DRT issues the Business License.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The DRT Regulatory Division — specifically the Insurance, Securities, Banking and Real Estate Branch — issues and oversees sector-specific licences in Guam. Key licences: (1) Banking licence under Title 11 GCA Division 4 — supervised by the Commissioner of Banking and Insurance (DRT); (2) Foreign Exchange / Money Transmitter Licence under Title 11 GCA Chapter 109 — required for any person transmitting money to foreign countries or domestically within the US via instrument drawn on the recipient; minimum $50,000 surety bond and $50,000 net worth; \$500 application fee; issued by Commissioner of Banking and Insurance; (3) Insurance Company / Producer Licence under Title 22 GCA Chapter 15 — insurance rates must be filed at least 45 days before effective date; Guam transitioned to State Based Systems (SBS/NAIC) effective March 20, 2024; National Producer Number (NPN) serves as licence number; (4) Securities dealer/broker licence under DRT Regulatory Division; (5) Real estate broker/salesperson licence under the Real Estate Licensing Division of DRT. The Banking and Insurance Board (Commissioner as Chairman, nine Governor-appointed members) has regulatory authority over banking and insurance matters.
* **Governance Records:** Every Guam corporation must maintain at its principal office a list of current directors and officers with their names, addresses, and terms of office. The Sworn Annual Report filed annually with DRT (due July 1–September 1 under Title 18 GCA Chapter 4, §4304) includes contact information for directors/officers and the registered agent; these annual reports are on record with DRT but are not publicly searchable online. LLC annual reports list managers (not members). Directors must be natural persons.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form under Guam law. A board resolution on company letterhead — signed by a majority of directors and certified by the corporate secretary — is the standard instrument authorizing a named signatory to act on behalf of a Guam corporation. For LLCs, the equivalent is a Manager's Resolution or Member's Consent. A notarized Power of Attorney is used for external delegation. No mandatory notarization requirement for board resolutions under Guam law, but notarization is recommended for international use.
* **Address:** No statutory form prescribed for KYB address verification. Standard practice follows US territory norms: lease agreement (no fixed time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days of submission. Common utility providers in Guam include the Guam Power Authority (GPA) and Guam Waterworks Authority (GWA). The document must show the company's registered or principal operating address in Guam.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the DRT General Licensing and Registration Branch for corporations, LLCs, and partnerships in active standing. Confirms the entity is validly registered and that its Sworn Annual Report obligations and associated fees are current. Requested directly from DRT (1240 Army Drive, Barrigada, Guam 96913, or by mail). Entities that have failed to file their Sworn Annual Report within 60 days after the September 1 deadline are subject to a \$50 late fee and risk administrative dissolution under Title 18 GCA; such entities cannot obtain a Certificate of Good Standing until all outstanding obligations are cleared. Foreign entities may present a certificate of good standing from their home jurisdiction as part of the Certificate of Authority application.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer of a Guam corporation responsible for governance; must be a natural person; names and addresses included in the Sworn Annual Report filed with DRT annually (due July 1–September 1). |
| Manager                                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages a manager-managed LLC under Title 18 GCA Chapter 15; names disclosed in LLC Sworn Annual Reports filed with DRT. For member-managed LLCs, the managing member(s) exercise control.              |
| Officer (President / Secretary / Treasurer)     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Executive officers of a Guam corporation; included in the Sworn Annual Report filed with DRT; responsible for day-to-day operations and signing on behalf of the entity.                                |
| Authorized Signatory / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the company; authority flows from corporate documents and any delegation instrument under Guam law.        |

## Notes

* Guam is an unincorporated organized territory of the United States under the Organic Act of Guam 1950 (48 U.S.C. § 1421). Federal law (including the Internal Revenue Code, Bank Secrecy Act, and most US statutes) applies directly; businesses use federal EINs and are subject to federal AML/BSA requirements. There is no separate Guam-issued TIN.
* All business entity registrations (corporations, LLCs, partnerships) and the mandatory Guam Business License are filed with and issued by the Guam Department of Revenue and Taxation (DRT). The DRT is both the company registry and the tax authority; there is no separate Secretary of State or Companies Registrar.
* The Guam Business License is mandatory for all businesses and must be obtained before commencing operations. It displays the GRT Account Number used for monthly Gross Receipts Tax (Business Privilege Tax) filings (Form GRT-1). The Business License must be renewed annually via GuamTax.com or in person.
* The Sworn Annual Report is due between July 1 and September 1 each year for all corporations (domestic and foreign) and LLCs under Title 18 GCA Chapter 4, §4304. Filing fee: $100 for corporations/LLCs, $10 for nonprofits. Failure to file within 60 days of the due date triggers a \$50 late fee and risk of administrative dissolution or cancellation of Certificate of Authority.
* Foreign corporations and foreign LLCs must obtain a Certificate of Authority from the DRT Director before transacting business in Guam (Title 18 GCA §7101). Required documents include a certified copy of the home-jurisdiction articles of incorporation and a certificate of good standing from the home jurisdiction. Foreign LLPs must register with DRT within 30 days of commencing business.
* The DRT Regulatory Division issued all Guam insurance entities new Company Numbers effective March 18, 2024. Insurance licensing (individual and entity) migrated to State Based Systems (SBS/NAIC) effective March 20, 2024; National Producer Numbers (NPNs) serve as the licence number for individual insurance producers.
* The Foreign Exchange / Money Transmitter Licence (Title 11 GCA Chapter 109) is issued by the Commissioner of Banking and Insurance within DRT. Any person transmitting money to foreign countries or within the US via instruments drawn on the transmitting party must obtain this licence; minimum $50,000 surety bond and $50,000 net worth; \$500 application fee.
* FinCEN CTA domestic-entity exemption (effective March 26, 2025, 90 FR 13688) removed BOI reporting requirements for all US-territory-formed entities including Guam entities. Guam qualifies as a 'State' under 31 U.S.C. § 5336. Shareholder and member information is therefore not available from any public Guam registry; internal records must be requested from the entity directly.
* Guam's corporate term for nonprofit corporations is limited to 50 years unless amended (GCA §18-210). This is an operational gotcha for long-lived nonprofits that must track and renew their corporate existence.


# Guatemala
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/guatemala

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Guatemala (GTM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value              |
| ------------ | ------------------ |
| Region       | Latin America      |
| ISO 3166-1   | GT / GTM           |
| Registry     | Registro Mercantil |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Guatemala and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                   | Issuer                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIT**                      | SAT (Superintendencia de Administración Tributaria) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número de Inscripción RM** | Registro Mercantil                                  |

*Tax ID:* Número de Identificación Tributaria for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Patente de Comercio plus the corresponding Registro Mercantil inscription number.

## Sector regulators

`SIB` · `MSPAS`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | S.A.         | Share-capital company with separate legal personality; shareholders' liability limited to their subscribed shares. The dominant large-business vehicle in Guatemala under Decreto 2-70, Art. 86. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                       |
| Sociedad de Emprendimiento           | S.E.         | Simplified share-capital company created by Decreto 20-2018 for startups; can be formed by a single natural person via electronic registry (no public deed required). Annual revenues capped at Q5 million; must convert if exceeded. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.  |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | S. de R.L.   | Quota-based limited-liability company; partners liable only for their contributions. Capital divided into non-transferable quotas. Common SME vehicle under Decreto 2-70, Art. 78. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                        |
| Comerciante Individual               | —            | Unincorporated sole trader registered at the Registro Mercantil; no separate legal entity and owner bears unlimited personal liability for business obligations. The simplest and lowest-cost business form in Guatemala. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship. |
| Sociedad Colectiva                   | S.C.         | General partnership in which all partners are jointly and unlimitedly liable for firm obligations under Decreto 2-70, Art. 59. Operates under collective business name (razón social). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                    |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple         | S.C.S.       | Limited partnership with general partners bearing unlimited liability (socios comanditados) and limited partners liable only up to contributed capital (socios comanditarios) under Decreto 2-70, Art. 68. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones   | S.C.A.       | Hybrid partnership with general partners bearing unlimited liability while limited partners hold shares with liability capped at their subscribed amount under Decreto 2-70, Art. 80. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                                     |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera      | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign company registered at the Registro Mercantil to conduct business in Guatemala; not a separate legal entity from its foreign parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                 |
| Cooperativa                          | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by the Ley General de Cooperativas (Decreto 82-78); formed for mutual benefit rather than investor profit. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Patente de Comercio + Inscripción RM                                      |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                             |
| Tax Registration       | Constancia NIT                                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | Licencia Municipal de Funcionamiento                                                      |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Accionistas                                  |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Acta Notarial · Certificación de Nombramiento           |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Acta Notarial + Certificación de Nombramiento                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |
| Good Standing          | Certificación del Registro Mercantil                                                      |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                                | Proves                                |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Patente de Comercio**                                                                 | Legal Registration                    |
| **Inscripción RM**                                                                      | Legal Registration                    |
| **Escritura Pública**                                                                   | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Estatutos**                                                                           | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Constancia NIT (SAT)**                                                                | Tax Registration                      |
| **Licencia Municipal de Funcionamiento (alcaldía / municipalidad)**                     | Operating Permit                      |
| **Escritura Pública**                                                                   | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Libro de Accionistas**                                                                | Ownership Records                     |
| **Acta Notarial de Asamblea (nombramiento de administradores)**                         | Governance Records, Signing Authority |
| **Certificación de Nombramiento (directores / representante legal)**                    | Governance Records, Signing Authority |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                                                           | Address                               |
| **Recibo de Servicios (≤90 días)**                                                      | Address                               |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**                                                | Address                               |
| **Certificación del Registro Mercantil (Certificación de Existencia y Representación)** | Good Standing                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                             | SIB, MSPAS                            |

### Collection notes

* **Governance Records:** Escritura Pública is always required. Acta Notarial and Certificación de Nombramiento are alternatives for evidencing current directorship — notarized assembly minutes vs. a standalone appointment certificate.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Online certification issued by the Registro Mercantil General de la República via the eCerti portal (servicios.registromercantil.gob.gt/eCerti). Confirms current legal existence, capital, and legal representation. The Patente de Comercio is the registration title (issued once); the Certificación is the live good-standing instrument. Request issuance within 30 days for banking; cross-border use commonly 60 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                   |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board president.                                                                              |
| Director / Vocal    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member.                                                                                 |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.                                                                         |
| Administrador Único | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Sole administrator (alternative to board).                                                    |
| Gerente General     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General manager with day-to-day operational authority; appointed by the board (Decreto 2-70). |


# Guernsey
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/guernsey

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Guernsey (GGY) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                 |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | GG / GGY                                              |
| Registry     | [Guernsey Registry](https://www.guernseyregistry.com) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Guernsey and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                   |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Reference Number (TRN)**  | Guernsey Revenue Service |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Guernsey Registry        |

*Tax ID:* Issued automatically by the Revenue Service when a Guernsey-incorporated company is registered at the Guernsey Registry (Income Tax (Guernsey) Law, 1975). Format: one digit, two letters, six digits, optional letter suffix — e.g. '1PP 123456 / F'. For companies incorporated outside Guernsey but tax-resident there, the same format applies but is issued on application. Guernsey has no corporate income tax at the standard rate (0%), with 10% and 20% rates applying to certain regulated and retail activities. No VAT or GST exists in Guernsey.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier prefixed by entity type. Companies: 'CMP' followed by sequential digits (e.g. CMP10001). Foundations: 'FND' + digits (e.g. FND167). Limited Partnerships: 'LP' + digits (e.g. LP2075). LLPs use an LLP-series prefix. Allocated by the Registrar at incorporation under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008, and appears on the Certificate of Incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`Guernsey Financial Services Commission (GFSC)` · `Guernsey Registry` · `Guernsey Revenue Service` · `Committee for Home Affairs (gambling)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | The most common Guernsey corporate vehicle; incorporated under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008; members' liability limited to unpaid amounts on shares; share transfer restrictions typical; widely used for trading, asset-holding, and group subsidiaries. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | Plc          | Incorporated under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008; shares may be offered to the public; eligible for listing on exchanges including The International Stock Exchange (TISE) and the London Stock Exchange; subject to enhanced disclosure obligations. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | Incorporated under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008; no share capital; members' liability capped at their guaranteed amount on winding up; used by charities, clubs, member associations, and non-profit bodies. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Unlimited Liability Company       | —            | Incorporated under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008; shareholders bear unlimited personal liability for company debts; used in specific international tax-planning and regulatory contexts where unlimited liability is preferred. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (with unlimited shareholder liability).                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Mixed Liability Company           | —            | Introduced by Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008; hybrid structure with a combination of limited-by-shares, guarantee, and/or unlimited-liability members within a single entity; used for complex structuring, asset protection, and tax-planning arrangements. Closest US equivalent: there is no direct US equivalent; closest analogy is a hybrid LLC with bespoke member classes.                                                                                                                                |
| Protected Cell Company            | PCC          | Incorporated under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008; a single legal entity with the ability to create any number of 'protected cells' whose assets and liabilities are statutorily ring-fenced from one another and from the core; cells are not separate legal entities. Guernsey pioneered this structure in 1997. Widely used for umbrella investment funds, captive insurance, and structured finance. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                       |
| Incorporated Cell Company         | ICC          | Introduced by Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008; a parent entity that creates 'incorporated cells' each with its own separate legal personality and memorandum and articles, forming a cost-effective quasi-group structure; cells cannot act independently of the ICC. Used in investment funds and insurance. Closest US equivalent: holding company with wholly-owned subsidiaries (each a separate legal entity).                                                                                                |
| Limited Liability Partnership     | LLP          | Formed under Limited Liability Partnerships (Guernsey) Law, 2013; separate legal entity distinct from its members; members' liability limited to amounts set out in the members agreement; must have at least two members and a resident agent in Guernsey; used for professional services firms. Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | Registered under Limited Partnerships (Guernsey) Law, 1995; at least one general partner with unlimited joint and several liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is limited to their capital contribution; widely used for private equity and fund structures. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| General Partnership               | —            | Formed under Partnerships (Guernsey) Law, 1995; two or more persons carrying on business in common; no separate legal personality; partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; no mandatory registration with the Guernsey Registry. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Foundation                        | Fdn.         | Established under Foundations (Guernsey) Law, 2012; a separate legal entity with no shareholders or members; managed by a council; funded by a founder endowing initial capital; name must include 'Foundation' or 'Fdn.'; used for private wealth management, philanthropy, and estate planning; must have a resident agent who is a GFSC-licensed fiduciary. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or business trust.                                                                                          |
| Sole Trader                       | —            | A single individual trading on their own account under Guernsey customary and tax law; no separate legal personality; the individual bears unlimited personal liability; tax obligations governed by Income Tax (Guernsey) Law, 1975; no mandatory registration with the Guernsey Registry (only tax registration with Revenue Service required). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                         |
| Branch of Foreign Company         | —            | A foreign-incorporated entity establishing a place of business in Guernsey. Registration with the Guernsey Registry may be required under the Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008 (Part XXIII overseas-company provisions); GFSC regulatory consent is also required if undertaking banking, insurance, investment, fiduciary, or other regulated activities. Not a separate Guernsey legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch/representative office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                       |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                           |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation                               |
| Tax Registration       | Revenue Service Tax Reference Number Letter                            |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                    |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors *(optional: Guernsey Registry Director Extract)* |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                     |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement          |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                           |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                  | Proves                                                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                          | Legal Registration                                                                                                                 |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation**              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                             |
| **Revenue Service TRN Notification**                      | Tax Registration                                                                                                                   |
| **Register of Members**                                   | Ownership Records                                                                                                                  |
| **Register of Directors**                                 | Governance Records                                                                                                                 |
| **Registry Statement of the Register (Director Extract)** | Governance Records                                                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution**                                      | Signing Authority                                                                                                                  |
| **Power of Attorney**                                     | Signing Authority                                                                                                                  |
| **Lease Agreement**                                       | Address                                                                                                                            |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                           | Address                                                                                                                            |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                         | Address                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                          | Good Standing                                                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                               | GFSC Banking Licence, GFSC Fiduciary Licence, GFSC Investment Licence (POI), GFSC Insurance Licence, GFSC Payment Services Licence |

**Not applicable in Guernsey:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Guernsey Registry (Registrar of Companies) upon incorporation under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008. States the company's registered name, registration number (e.g. CMP10001), type, and date of incorporation. Electronic certificates are available instantly (£2); certified paper copies take 2–3 business days. The Registry also holds the filed memorandum and articles as public records.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The constitutive document for Guernsey companies under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008 s.9–10; formally called 'Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation' (not 'Association' as in UK practice). The memorandum states the company name, registered office location in Guernsey, company type, member liability, and (if restricted) objects. The articles govern internal management. Filed with the Registry at incorporation and publicly available. For LLPs, the equivalent is a Members Agreement (not public).
* **Tax Registration:** Guernsey has no VAT or GST. The Revenue Service issues a Tax Reference Number (TRN) to all Guernsey-incorporated companies automatically upon registration; the TIN for international reporting purposes is the company's Guernsey registration number (CMP-series) as issued by the Registry. Companies pay income tax at 0% (standard), 10% (banking, insurance, fiduciary, investment management services to individual clients, custody services, licensed fund administration, operating an investment exchange, aircraft registry, cannabis/controlled drug cultivation and production), or 20% (retail/property exceeding £500k profit, regulated trading). Investment management services provided to collective investment schemes are taxed at 0%, not 10%. Taxable entities must file an annual corporate tax return. No separate tax certificate document is issued — the TRN appears on Revenue Service correspondence. Additionally, effective 1 January 2025, Guernsey enacted a Qualified Domestic Top-up Tax (DTT) and Multinational Top-up Tax (MTT) under the Income Tax (Approved International Agreements) (Implementation) (OECD Pillar II) Regulations 2024, applying to MNE groups with EUR 750 million+ consolidated revenue. In-scope groups must register a Domestic Filing Entity with the Revenue Service using the existing TRN framework — no new separate identifier is issued.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Guernsey Financial Services Commission (GFSC) supervises banking, fiduciary (trust and corporate service providers), insurance, investment (funds and asset managers), and pensions. The Protection of Investors (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 2020 requires a licence for controlled investment business. The Banking Supervision (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 2020 governs banking. The Insurance Business (Guernsey) Law, 2002 governs insurance. The Regulation of Fiduciaries, Administration Businesses and Company Directors, etc (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 2020 governs fiduciary services. Gambling is licensed by the Committee for Home Affairs under the Gambling (Guernsey) Ordinance, 2005.
* **Governance Records:** Every Guernsey company must maintain a Register of Directors under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008. Director names, addresses, and appointment dates are publicly accessible via the Guernsey Registry portal (free basic search). The annual validation submission includes current director details. The Registry portal (portal.guernseyregistry.com) displays directors as part of the company's public record.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory form prescribed. A written board resolution passed by the directors is standard practice to authorise a specific signatory to act on behalf of the company. Power of attorney may also be used, executed as a deed under Guernsey law. Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008 s.44 governs execution of documents.
* **Address:** Conduit accepts a signed lease (no time limit), utility bill, or bank statement dated within 90 days as proof of registered or operating address. The same document satisfies both registered-address and principal-place-of-business checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Guernsey Registry; certifies that the company is incorporated, has filed its annual validation declaration (due by 28 February each year for companies; 31 March for LPs, LLPs and Foundations), and remains on the register in good standing. Cost: £10 for electronic; £15 for certified paper copy (2–3 business days; legacy companies up to 5–10 days). Electronically signed by an authorised officer of the Guernsey Registry. If the company is not in good standing, the Registry issues a search extract confirming current status instead.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with executive authority to manage the company; named in the Register of Directors and publicly visible via the Guernsey Registry portal; at least one director required under Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008.            |
| Councillor (Foundation) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance officer of a Guernsey Foundation (equivalent to director); manages the foundation in accordance with its Constitution and the Foundations (Guernsey) Law, 2012; must act unanimously unless the Constitution provides otherwise. |
| General Partner         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | In a Limited Partnership (Limited Partnerships (Guernsey) Law, 1995): bears unlimited joint and several liability for the LP's debts and manages the partnership.                                                                           |
| Authorised Signatory    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person empowered by board resolution or power of attorney to bind and sign for the company; no statutory form prescribed.                                                                                                           |

## Notes

* Guernsey is a Crown Dependency, not part of the UK or EU. It is a separate jurisdiction with its own legislation, courts, and regulatory framework. Documents are in English.
* The Guernsey Registry replaced legacy system 'greg.gg' with a new Online Services Portal (portal.guernseyregistry.com) in December 2023. All company searches, filings, and document orders are through this portal.
* Annual validation must be filed between 1 January and 28 February each year for companies (confirming directors, resident agent, business activity, share capital, and audit-exempt status as at 31 December). LPs, LLPs, and Foundations have a separate window: 1 March to 31 March. Failure to file risks striking off.
* No VAT or GST applies in Guernsey. The standard corporate income-tax rate is 0%. The 10% intermediate rate applies to: banking, domestic insurance, insurance intermediary and management, custody services, licensed fund administration, regulated fiduciary activities, regulated investment management services to individual clients (services to collective investment schemes remain at 0%), operating an investment exchange, compliance services to regulated financial-services businesses, operating an aircraft registry, and cannabis/controlled drug cultivation and production. The 20% rate applies to retail businesses and domestic utility providers with Guernsey-source profits exceeding £500,000, and to property income. Tax registration is automatic for Guernsey-incorporated entities. Effective 1 January 2025, a Qualified Domestic Top-up Tax (DTT/QDMTT) and Multinational Top-up Tax (MTT/IIR) apply to MNE groups with EUR 750 million+ consolidated annual revenue under the OECD Pillar Two framework (Income Tax (Approved International Agreements) (Implementation) (OECD Pillar II) Regulations 2024); both have received OECD Transitional Qualified Status.
* Cell companies (PCC and ICC) are widely used in Guernsey's funds and insurance sectors. The Guernsey Registry registers PCCs and ICCs under the Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008. Each incorporated cell of an ICC has its own CMP-series registration number.
* Foundations (Fdn.) must be established through a GFSC-licensed fiduciary (Corporate Service Provider). Registration number uses 'FND' prefix.
* A company registration application can only be submitted to the Guernsey Registry by a licensed Corporate Service Provider (CSP) holding a GFSC fiduciary licence — direct self-registration is not permitted.


# Guinea
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/guinea

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Guinea (GIN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                             |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | GN / GIN                                          |
| Registry     | RCCM (Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Guinea and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                            |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**         | DGI (Direction Générale des Impôts)               |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | RCCM (Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier) |

*Tax ID:* Issued jointly with RCCM at one-stop window; eTax number also issued for digital filing.

*Registration number:* OHADA-standard registry number assigned at incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`BCRG` · `CENTIF` · `DGI` · `Ministère des Mines`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Limited-liability company with one or more associés; capital divided into non-freely-transferable parts sociales; managed by a gérant; the default SME vehicle under OHADA AUSCGIE. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                             |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital public limited company requiring at least three shareholders; governed by a Conseil d'Administration or single Administrateur Général; must appoint a Commissaire aux Comptes. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                             |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Simplified joint-stock company introduced by AUSCGIE 2014 revision; share-based with flexible governance set by statuts; favored for holding structures and joint ventures. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                              |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                       |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership combining one or more gérants-commandités with unlimited liability and one or more commanditaires whose liability is limited to their contribution; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                         |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | —            | Individual trader (commerçant personne physique) registered at the RCCM under the OHADA Uniform Act on General Commercial Law; no separate legal personality; the owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                     |
| Entreprenant                     | —            | Micro-entrepreneur status introduced by AUDCG; established by simple declaration (no RCCM registration required); covers civil, commercial, artisanal, and agricultural activities with a simplified tax and accounting regime. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest grouping allowing members to pool resources to facilitate or develop their economic activities; profit distribution is incidental and not the primary purpose; governed by AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: a Cooperative.                             |
| Société Coopérative              | SCOOPS       | Cooperative company governed by the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Companies; autonomously managed by members who pool resources to satisfy common economic, social, or cultural needs; surplus allocated per member activity. Closest US equivalent: a Cooperative.  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                            |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificat d'Immatriculation RCCM                                           |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                     |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation NIF                                                             |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Patente · Autorisation communale                              |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Registre des associés · Registre des actionnaires             |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Statuts + PV d'Assemblée Générale                           |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Résolution du conseil d'administration · Procuration notariée |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                             | Proves                                                                                       |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificat d'Immatriculation RCCM**                                | Legal Registration                                                                           |
| **Statuts**                                                          | Constitutive Documents, Governance Records                                                   |
| **Attestation NIF**                                                  | Tax Registration                                                                             |
| **Patente**                                                          | Operating Permit                                                                             |
| **Autorisation communale**                                           | Operating Permit                                                                             |
| **Registre des associés (SARL)**                                     | Ownership Records                                                                            |
| **Registre des actionnaires (SA)**                                   | Ownership Records                                                                            |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale (SARL: gérant; SA: administrateurs + DG)** | Governance Records                                                                           |
| **Résolution du conseil d'administration**                           | Signing Authority                                                                            |
| **Procuration notariée**                                             | Signing Authority                                                                            |
| **Contrat de bail**                                                  | Address                                                                                      |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**                                  | Address                                                                                      |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**                                      | Address                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                          | Agrément BCRG (banking/paiement/microfinance/assurance), Permis minier (Ministère des Mines) |

**Not applicable in Guinea:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by RCCM via APIP/SyNERGUI; contains RCCM number, legal form, and date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarial deed or private deed by lawyer (SARL: Decree of 30 May 2014); filed with APIP.
* **Tax Registration:** NIF issued by DGI via eTax/SAFIG2 platform; delivered with RCCM certificate at APIP window.
* **Operating Permit:** Annual business tax (patente) + municipal operating permit from Commune de Conakry or relevant local authority.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific; BCRG issues agrément for financial institutions; Ministère des Mines issues exploration and exploitation permits.
* **Governance Records:** Filed with RCCM; changes notified to APIP.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution or notarized power of attorney granting signing authority.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement (utility/bank dated within 90 days). Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                           |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL)                         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manager(s) of SARL; appointed for 4 years; legally binds the company. |
| Administrateur Général (SA)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Single executive director structure for smaller SAs.                  |
| Directeur Général (SA)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day executive appointed by Board.                              |
| Administrateur (SA)                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of Conseil d'Administration.                                   |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the Board.                                                   |

## Notes

* Guinea is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed: HCCH Status Table, 129 contracting parties as of 2026-05-06; Guinea absent). Foreign documents require full consular legalisation chain.
* Guinea is not a WAEMU member; it uses the Guinean franc (GNF), not XOF. Do not apply BCEAO/WAEMU AML directives — the national framework (Loi L/2021/024/AN + CENTIF-GN) governs.
* APIP's SyNERGUI platform is the exclusive digital channel for RCCM registration and NIF issuance since 2025; direct tribunal filings are deprecated.


# Guinea-Bissau
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/guinea-bissau

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Guinea-Bissau (GNB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                              |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | GW / GNB                           |
| Registry     | RCCM via CFE / Ministry of Justice |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Guinea-Bissau and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer                                             |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF (Número de Identificação Fiscal)** | DGCI — Direcção Geral das Contribuições e Impostos |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número RCCM**                          | RCCM via CFE / Ministry of Justice                 |

*Tax ID:* Issued via Kontaktu platform (kontaktu.mef.gw); NIF issuance through legacy SIGEF system is prohibited as of 2025.

*Registration number:* OHADA Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier number; assigned at CFE registration.

## Sector regulators

`BCEAO` · `CIMA` · `AMF-UMOA` · `CENTIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company; the dominant SME vehicle under AUSCGIE 2014; liability capped at contributions. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                     |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company with separate legal personality; minimum capital FCFA 10,000,000 (non-listed); board of directors required under AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                     |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Flexible share-capital company introduced by the 2014 AUSCGIE revision; no mandatory minimum capital; governed by freely drafted bylaws. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                            |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners have merchant status and bear joint, unlimited liability for company debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                      |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership combining at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners liable only to the extent of their contributions. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                     |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | —            | Sole trader (natural person) who registers at the RCCM under the OHADA Uniform Act on General Commercial Law; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                     |
| Entreprenant                     | —            | Simplified individual-entrepreneur status introduced by AUDCG 2010 (Art. 30); established by declaration rather than full RCCM registration; covers commercial, craft, agricultural, or civil activities below a turnover threshold. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship / DBA. |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest group used for joint-venture or cooperative-ancillary purposes; no share capital required; members retain unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: a statutory Business Trust or joint-venture entity.                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                        |
| Tax Registration       | Certificado NIF                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | Autorização de Exercício                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions           |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                      |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                          | Proves                                                            |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM (CFE)**            | Legal Registration, Governance Records                            |
| **Statuts**                       | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records     |
| **Certificado NIF**               | Tax Registration                                                  |
| **Autorização de Exercício**      | Operating Permit                                                  |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**  | Ownership Records                                                 |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**     | Ownership Records                                                 |
| **PV de nomination**              | Governance Records                                                |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale**       | Signing Authority                                                 |
| **Procuration notariée**          | Signing Authority                                                 |
| **Contrato de Arrendamento**      | Address                                                           |
| **Recibo de Serviços (≤90 dias)** | Address                                                           |
| **Extrato Bancário (≤90 dias)**   | Address                                                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**       | BCEAO, CIMA, AMF-UMOA — Autorité des Marchés Financiers de l'UMOA |

**Not applicable in Guinea-Bissau:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by RCCM via CFE one-stop shop; contains RCCM number, legal form, registered address.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarized constitutive document filed at CFE; OHADA marital info requirement applies to founders.
* **Tax Registration:** NIF certificate from DGCI; VAT registration (TVA 19%) required if turnover exceeds FCFA 40 million (Law 4/2022, eff. 2025-01-01).
* **Operating Permit:** General business activity authorization issued by Ministério do Comércio, Indústria e Artesanato.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific: BCEAO/Commission Bancaire UMOA (banking); CIMA (insurance, member since 2002); CREPMF (capital markets).
* **Governance Records:** RCCM extract lists gérant/administrateurs; nomination minutes confirm current office-holders.
* **Signing Authority:** Board or GA resolution conferring signing authority; notarized POA for mandataire.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                      |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manager of SARL; legal representative with day-to-day authority. |
| Président (SAS)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Head of SAS; sole mandatory executive officer.                   |
| Directeur Général                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer in an SA with board; day-to-day management.    |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over SA board; governance role.                         |
| Administrateur                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of SA board (Conseil d'Administration).                   |
| Mandataire / Procurador               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized power of attorney to bind the company.       |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                             |
| ---------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital status and matrimonial regime for founders/associés due to community-property rules. |

## Notes

* Guinea-Bissau is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH status table, 31-XII-2025); document legalization requires full consular/embassy chain.
* OHADA authoritative texts are in French, not Portuguese — local Portuguese translations have no legal authority; verify filings against French originals.
* VAT (TVA 19%) was introduced 2025-01-01 under Law 4/2022 / implementing Decree Oct 2024, replacing the prior IGV; the NIF doubles as the VAT registration identifier above FCFA 40M turnover threshold.
* RCCM registry was paper-based for decades; computerization only started in 2017 and coverage of pre-digital records may be incomplete — request registry confirmation of record availability before ordering extracts.


# Guyana
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/guyana

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Guyana (GUY) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                    |
| ------------ | ------------------------ |
| Region       | Latin America            |
| ISO 3166-1   | GY / GUY                 |
| Registry     | DCRA Commercial Registry |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06               |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Guyana and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                         |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                         | Guyana Revenue Authority (GRA) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | DCRA Commercial Registry       |

*Tax ID:* Unique computer-generated number; companies apply via Form G0016 (Taxpayer Registration Form — Organisation); TIN Certificate issued upon approval.

*Registration number:* Assigned upon incorporation; appears on Certificate of Incorporation and DCRA extracts.

## Sector regulators

`Bank of Guyana` · `GSC` · `FIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd.         | Most common form; share transfers restricted; not more than 50 shareholders; governed by Companies Act Cap. 89:01. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                            |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | —            | Shares may be offered to the public; minimum 2 directors; governed by Companies Act Cap. 89:01. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                            |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | No share capital; members' liability limited to a guaranteed amount; used for non-profits and civic purposes; governed by Companies Act Cap. 89:01. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                                         |
| General Partnership               | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; governed by Partnership Act Cap. 89:02. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                    |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability plus one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; governed by Partnership Act Cap. 89:02. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name or a registered business name; no separate legal personality; registered under Business Names (Registration) Act Cap. 90:05. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.               |
| Co-operative Society              | —            | Member-owned and member-controlled enterprise registered under the Co-operative Societies Act Cap. 88:01; profits distributed as patronage dividends rather than equity returns. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                      |
| External Company                  | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation                                     |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Trade Licence                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                           |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarized Power of Attorney  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                | Proves                                                                                          |
| --------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (DCRA)** | Legal Registration                                                                              |
| **Articles of Incorporation**           | Constitutive Documents                                                                          |
| **TIN Certificate**                     | Tax Registration                                                                                |
| **Trade Licence**                       | Operating Permit                                                                                |
| **Register of Members**                 | Ownership Records                                                                               |
| **Register of Directors**               | Governance Records                                                                              |
| **Board Resolution**                    | Signing Authority                                                                               |
| **Notarized Power of Attorney**         | Signing Authority                                                                               |
| **Lease Agreement**                     | Address                                                                                         |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**         | Address                                                                                         |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**       | Address                                                                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**             | Bank of Guyana Licence, Guyana Securities Council (GSC) Registration, NPS Oversight Certificate |

**Not applicable in Guyana:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by DCRA Commercial Registry under Companies Act Cap. 89:01; includes unique registration number.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed at DCRA on incorporation; prescribed form per Fourth Schedule of Companies Act Cap. 89:01; covers share structure, governance, restrictions.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by GRA; applied via Form G0016 (Taxpayer Registration Form — Organisation) for companies.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by GRA Licence Revenue Office; municipalities (e.g. Georgetown M\&CC) may also require a separate local trade licence.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated sectors; sector-specific to banking, insurance, securities, payment services.
* **Ownership Records:** Register of Members kept at registered office under Companies Act Cap. 89:01.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained at registered office and notified to DCRA (Companies Act Cap. 89:01 s.67); reflected in annual returns.
* **Signing Authority:** POA must be drafted by an attorney-at-law, notarized, and registered at DCRA Deeds Registry (Powers of Attorney Act Cap. 5:08, as amended by Act 2 of 2022).
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement; utility/bank documents dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                            |
| --------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day authority; must be 18+, not bankrupt, of sound mind. |
| Attorney (POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holds registered power of attorney to act on behalf of the company.                    |

## Notes

* Operating licences are dual-track: GRA Licence Revenue Office issues national trade licences; Georgetown Mayor & City Council and other municipalities issue separate local trade licences. Both may be required.
* Powers of Attorney must be registered at DCRA Deeds Registry and signed by a notary public before they are legally effective; an unregistered POA is insufficient.
* Apostille Convention entered into force for Guyana on 18 April 2019; documents for use abroad may be apostilled rather than requiring full legalization chain.
* A comprehensive review of the Companies Act Cap. 89:01 (1991) was announced in January 2026; no replacement legislation has been enacted as of 2026-05-06 — the 1991 Act remains in force.


# Honduras
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/honduras

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Honduras (HND) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value              |
| ------------ | ------------------ |
| Region       | Latin America      |
| ISO 3166-1   | HN / HND           |
| Registry     | Registro Mercantil |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Honduras and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                         | Issuer                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RTN**                            | SAR (Servicio de Administración de Rentas) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Inscripción Registro Mercantil** | Registro Mercantil                         |

*Tax ID:* Registro Tributario Nacional for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Mercantile registry inscription number recorded at incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`CNBS` · `CONATEL`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ------------------------------------ | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | S.A.            | Share-capital corporation with transferable shares and limited shareholder liability; the standard vehicle for medium-to-large operations and foreign subsidiaries. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                            |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | S. de R.L.      | Quota-based limited-liability company whose members' liability is capped at their contributions; shares are not freely transferable. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                              |
| Sociedad Colectiva                   | S.C.            | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear unlimited joint-and-several liability for company debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                         |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple         | S. en C.        | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more silent (comanditario) partners liable only to the extent of their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership. |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones   | S. en C. por A. | Hybrid limited partnership in which the silent partners' interests are represented by shares while at least one general partner retains unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                      |
| Comerciante Individual               | —               | Individual sole trader registered in the Registro Mercantil; no separate legal entity and the owner bears unlimited personal liability for business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                        |
| Sociedad Cooperativa                 | —               | Member-owned cooperative organized for the collective benefit of its members under special cooperative law; not a share-capital company. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                  |
| Sucursal de Empresa Extranjera       | —               | Registered branch of a foreign company operating in Honduras; not a separate legal entity—the parent company retains full liability. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Inscripción Registro Mercantil                                                            |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                             |
| Tax Registration       | Constancia RTN                                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | Permiso de Operación Municipal                                                            |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Accionistas                                  |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Nombramiento de Junta Directiva                       |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Certificación de Nombramiento + Acta de Junta Directiva                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                  | Proves                                |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Inscripción Registro Mercantil**                        | Legal Registration                    |
| **Escritura Pública**                                     | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Estatutos**                                             | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Constancia RTN (SAR)**                                  | Tax Registration                      |
| **Permiso de Operación Municipal**                        | Operating Permit                      |
| **Escritura Pública**                                     | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Libro de Accionistas**                                  | Ownership Records                     |
| **Nombramiento de Junta Directiva**                       | Governance Records                    |
| **Certificación de Nombramiento (legal rep / directors)** | Signing Authority                     |
| **Acta de Junta Directiva**                               | Signing Authority                     |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                             | Address                               |
| **Recibo de Servicios (≤90 días)**                        | Address                               |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**                  | Address                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                               | CNBS, CONATEL                         |

**Not applicable in Honduras:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                                |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board president.                           |
| Director / Vocal    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member.                              |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.                      |
| Administrador Único | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Sole administrator (alternative to board). |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                    |
| ---------------- | ----------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | shareholder | Honduras requires marital information for partners/shareholders due to community-property considerations. |

## Notes

* Marital information is required for partners/shareholders, similar to OHADA jurisdictions.


# Hong Kong
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/hong-kong

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Hong Kong (HKG) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                         |
| ISO 3166-1   | HK / HKG                                             |
| Registry     | [Companies Registry (公司註冊處)](https://www.cr.gov.hk/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Hong Kong and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                                              | Issuer                                                        |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Business Registration Number (BRN) / Unique Business Identifier (UBI)**               | Business Registration Office, Inland Revenue Department (IRD) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number (CRN) — legacy pre-2024; UBI/BRN for new incorporations** | Companies Registry (公司註冊處)                                    |

*Tax ID:* 8-digit number issued under the Business Registration Ordinance (Cap. 310) when a business obtains its Business Registration Certificate (BRC). As of 27 December 2023, the BRN is designated the Unique Business Identifier (UBI) — the single cross-government identifier for all business types including sole proprietorships, partnerships, and companies. For companies incorporated after 27 December 2023, the 8-digit UBI/BRN replaces the separate 7-digit Company Registration Number (CRN) and appears directly on the Certificate of Incorporation. The BRN functions as Hong Kong's corporate Tax Identification Number (TIN) and serves as the primary tax reference for profits tax and other IRD obligations.

*Registration number:* 7-digit identifier assigned to companies incorporated before 27 December 2023 under the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622); appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all Companies Registry filings. Displayed as CR-XXXXXXX on older certificates. For companies incorporated from 27 December 2023 onward, no separate CRN is issued — the 8-digit BRN/UBI serves as the sole company identifier on the Certificate of Incorporation. Both the legacy 7-digit CRN and the modern 8-digit BRN/UBI are valid and appear in Companies Registry records.

## Sector regulators

`Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA)` · `Securities and Futures Commission (SFC)` · `Insurance Authority (IA)` · `Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing (HKEX)` · `Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority (MPFA)` · `Customs and Excise Department (C&ED)` · `Inland Revenue Department (IRD)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                | Abbreviation              | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ----------------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Company Limited by Shares         | Ltd                       | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622); the most common business vehicle in Hong Kong. Restricts the right to transfer shares, limits the number of members to 50, and prohibits public subscription for shares. Must have at least one director and one member; shares carry limited liability. Governed by Articles of Association filed with the Companies Registry. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                           |
| Public Company Limited by Shares          | Ltd (or listed: Co., Ltd) | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622); may offer shares to the public and list on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (SEHK/HKEX). No cap on the number of members; subject to enhanced disclosure and governance requirements under Cap. 622 and the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) for listed entities. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                            |
| Company Limited by Guarantee              | —                         | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622); has no share capital; members' liability is limited to a guaranteed sum stated in the Articles of Association. Used primarily for non-profit organisations, trade associations, professional bodies, and charities. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Unlimited Company                         | —                         | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622); members bear unlimited personal liability for the company's debts and obligations. Rarely used in practice; occasionally chosen for professional firms where unlimited liability is acceptable. Closest US equivalent: unlimited liability corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| General Partnership                       | —                         | Two or more persons carrying on business together under the Partnerships Ordinance (Cap. 38); not a separate legal entity from the partners. All partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership debts. Must register with the Business Registration Office under Cap. 310; a business registration certificate is required. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                            |
| Limited Partnership                       | LP                        | Formed under the Limited Partnerships Ordinance (Cap. 37); must have one or more general partners (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at contributed capital). Not a separate legal entity. Must register with the Companies Registry and obtain a business registration certificate. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                  |
| Limited Partnership Fund                  | LPF                       | Registered under the Limited Partnership Fund Ordinance (Cap. 637), which came into force on 31 August 2020. A fund-specific limited partnership vehicle with one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners with capped liability. Must appoint an investment manager and an independent auditor; must designate a responsible person for AML/CTF compliance. Registered with the Companies Registry. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP) used as a private fund vehicle. |
| Sole Proprietorship                       | —                         | A business owned and operated by a single individual; not a separate legal entity from the owner. The owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business debts. Must obtain a Business Registration Certificate from the IRD Business Registration Office under Cap. 310 within one month of commencing business. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                         |
| Registered Non-Hong Kong Company (Branch) | Branch                    | A foreign company that establishes a place of business in Hong Kong and registers with the Companies Registry under Part 16 of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622), s.776. Not a separate legal entity — the overseas parent remains fully liable. Must appoint an authorised representative ordinarily resident in Hong Kong. Must also obtain a Business Registration Certificate from the IRD. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office of a foreign corporation.                                                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                             |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                 |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Association *(optional: Memorandum and Articles of Association)* |
| Tax Registration       | Business Registration Certificate                                            |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members *(optional: Significant Controllers Register)*           |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Register of Directors + Companies Registry Extract           |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                           |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Continuing Registration                                       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                        | Proves                                                                                                                                                                         |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Articles of Association**                                     | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association (pre-2014 companies)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Business Registration Certificate**                           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Register of Members**                                         | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Significant Controllers Register (SCR)**                      | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Register of Directors**                                       | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Companies Registry Extract (ICRIS)**                          | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Board Resolution**                                            | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Power of Attorney**                                           | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Lease Agreement**                                             | Address                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                               | Address                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Certificate of Continuing Registration (CCR)**                | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                     | Banking Licence (HKMA), Stored Value Facility (SVF) Licence (HKMA), Money Service Operator (MSO) Licence (C\&ED), SFC Licence (Type 1–9 or VATP), Insurance Authorisation (IA) |

**Not applicable in Hong Kong:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Companies Registry (公司註冊處) under Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622). For companies incorporated from 27 December 2023, the CI bears the 8-digit UBI/BRN as the sole identifier. For pre-2024 companies, the CI bears a 7-digit CRN. A certified copy of the CI is available from the Companies Registry's ICRIS e-portal (e-services.cr.gov.hk) for a fee. The CI is a one-page document with no expiry date; it remains valid for the company's lifetime unless the company is wound up or deregistered. Partnerships and sole proprietorships do not have a CI; their registration is evidenced by the Business Registration Certificate only.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Under Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622) (in force 3 March 2014), every Hong Kong company has a single constitutional document called the Articles of Association. The Memorandum of Association was abolished under the new CO; information previously in the Memorandum is now set out in the Articles. Companies incorporated before 3 March 2014 may still hold a legacy Memorandum and Articles of Association pair, which is treated as a valid constitution. Model articles are published by the Companies Registry under Cap. 622H (Companies (Model Articles) Notice). The Articles are registered with the Companies Registry at incorporation and any amendments must be filed with the Registry.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by the Business Registration Office of the Inland Revenue Department (IRD) under the Business Registration Ordinance (Cap. 310). All businesses operating in Hong Kong — including companies, partnerships, and sole proprietorships — must register with the BRO within one month of commencement. The BRC shows the business name, address, nature of business, UBI/BRN (Unique Business Identifier), and expiry date. The BRC must be renewed annually (or every 3 years for the triennial certificate). The 8-digit BRN/UBI on the BRC is Hong Kong's corporate TIN. The BRC must be prominently displayed at the business premises. As of 27 December 2023, the BRN is designated the UBI and appears on the Certificate of Incorporation for new companies.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Hong Kong has a multi-regulator framework. HKMA: banking licence and stored-value facility (SVF) licence under the Banking Ordinance (Cap. 155) and Payment Systems and Stored Value Facilities Ordinance (Cap. 584). SFC: Type 1–9 licence and virtual-asset trading platform (VATP) licence under the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) and Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing Ordinance (AMLO, Cap. 615). IA: insurance company and broker authorisation under the Insurance Ordinance (Cap. 41). Customs and Excise Department (C\&ED): money service operator (MSO) licence under Cap. 615 (AMLO); also regulates dutiable commodities including petroleum and tobacco. Stablecoin issuers require a licence under the Stablecoins Ordinance effective 1 August 2025.
* **Governance Records:** Every Hong Kong company must maintain a Register of Directors under Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622) s.641. The register records each director's particulars (name, residential/correspondence address, date of appointment/cessation). For locally incorporated companies, directors' names and correspondence addresses are filed on the public register at the Companies Registry (Form ND2A/ND4). The Companies Registry's ICRIS portal allows public searches of director information. A 'director' extract (NNC1/annual return AR1) is available as a public document.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory form prescribed. A board resolution passed by the directors authorising a named signatory is standard practice; must reflect the authority granted in the Articles of Association. A notarised Power of Attorney is used where the authorised person is not a director. Hong Kong abolished the requirement for a common seal under the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622, s.124) — documents may be executed by two authorised signatories (two directors, or one director and the company secretary), or by one director with a witness. For cross-border use, documents may be apostilled via the Authentication section of the Civil Affairs Bureau or the Companies Registry.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, dated within 90 days for utility/bank. Hong Kong utility providers include CLP Power, HK Electric, Hong Kong and China Gas (Towngas), and various water/telecom providers. Address must match the company's registered office or principal place of business. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Companies Registry under Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622). The CCR confirms that a company remains on the Companies Register and has not filed dissolution or cancellation documents. It is the Hong Kong equivalent of a Certificate of Good Standing. Obtainable online via the ICRIS e-Services Portal (e-services.cr.gov.hk) or in person at the Companies Registry office (13/F Queensway Government Offices, 66 Queensway, Hong Kong). Fee: HK\$170. Signed by an authorised officer of the Companies Registry. Also commonly referred to by overseas counterparties as a 'Certificate of Good Standing' or 'Certificate of Incumbency' — but the official local name is Certificate of Continuing Registration.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Officer appointed to manage the company; named in the Register of Directors (Cap. 622 s.641) and filed on the public Companies Registry record. A private Hong Kong company must have at least one natural-person director ordinarily resident in Hong Kong is not mandatory, but every company must have at least one director who is a natural person. |
| Company Secretary                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Mandatory officer under Cap. 622 s.474; for a private company must be an individual (not the sole director). For a public company or a registered non-Hong Kong company, the secretary may be a body corporate. Responsible for statutory filings and record-keeping.                                                                                    |
| Authorised Representative (Non-HK company) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | A natural person ordinarily resident in Hong Kong appointed by a registered non-Hong Kong company under Cap. 622 s.782. Legally responsible for ensuring the company's compliance with the Ordinance and for accepting service of process on behalf of the company.                                                                                      |
| Attorney / Agent (POA holder)              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorised via board resolution or notarised Power of Attorney to act on behalf of the company in specific transactions or generally.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |

## Notes

* Since 27 December 2023, Hong Kong operates a Unique Business Identifier (UBI) system: for companies incorporated on or after that date, the 8-digit BRN issued by the IRD is the sole company identifier and appears directly on the Certificate of Incorporation. Pre-2024 companies retain their legacy 7-digit CRN plus a separate 8-digit BRN. Both formats appear in Companies Registry records and must be accepted.
* Pre-2014 companies may still hold a legacy Memorandum and Articles of Association pair rather than a single Articles of Association document — both are legally valid constitutional documents; accept either format.
* Hong Kong levies no VAT, GST, or sales tax. There is no VAT certificate to collect. The Business Registration Certificate (BRC) is the primary fiscal identity document; the BRN/UBI on the BRC functions as the corporate TIN for profits-tax purposes.
* The Certificate of Continuing Registration (CCR) is the local name for what overseas counterparties call a 'Certificate of Good Standing'. Some documents and correspondence may use the informal names 'Certificate of Good Standing' or 'Certificate of Incumbency' — these all refer to the CCR issued by the Companies Registry.
* Hong Kong registered non-Hong Kong companies (branches) file annual returns on Form NN3 and must maintain an authorised representative. The branch is not a separate legal entity; the overseas parent is fully liable.
* Trust or Company Service Providers (TCSPs) operating in Hong Kong require a licence from the Registrar of Companies under the Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing Ordinance (Cap. 615), effective 1 March 2018. Company secretarial firms and registered office providers are typically TCSP licensees.
* Stablecoin issuers require a licence under the Stablecoins Ordinance (effective 1 August 2025), overseen by the HKMA. Virtual asset trading platforms require a VATP licence from the SFC under AMLO Cap. 615 (mandatory since 1 June 2023 with a transitional period ending 1 June 2024).


# Hungary
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/hungary

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Hungary (HUN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | HU / HUN   |
| Registry     | Cégbíróság |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Hungary and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name         | Issuer     |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Adószám**        | NAV        |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Cégjegyzékszám** | Cégbíróság |

*Tax ID:* 11-digit format: XXXXXXXX-Y-ZZ (8-digit base code, VAT code, regional code). VAT number = "HU" + first 8 digits (e.g. HU12345678). Issued upon incorporation via Cégbíróság.

*Registration number:* Format: XX-XX-XXXXXX (court code – entity-type code – 6-digit serial, e.g. 01-09-123456). Shown on every Cégkivonat.

## Sector regulators

`MNB`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Korlátolt Felelősségű Társaság                | Kft.         | Quota-based limited-liability company with separate legal personality; minimum capital HUF 3,000,000; managed by one or more vezető tisztségviselő; the dominant SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                   |
| Zártkörűen működő részvénytársaság            | Zrt.         | Private joint-stock company with separate legal personality; minimum capital HUF 5,000,000; shares not publicly offered; governed by a board or sole director. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (private).                                                 |
| Nyilvánosan működő részvénytársaság           | Nyrt.        | Public joint-stock company with separate legal personality; minimum capital HUF 20,000,000; may list shares on a stock exchange and offer them publicly. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (public).                                                        |
| Betéti Társaság                               | Bt.          | Limited partnership; at least one beltag (general partner, unlimited personal liability) and one külső tag (limited partner, liability capped at contribution); no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US LP.                                              |
| Közkereseti Társaság                          | Kkt.         | General partnership; all members trade jointly with unlimited and joint-and-several personal liability for company obligations; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US GP.                                                                              |
| Egyéni Vállalkozó                             | ev.          | Individual entrepreneur (sole trader) registered via the state Ügyfélkapu portal; no separate legal personality; the entrepreneur is personally and unlimitedly liable for all business obligations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.            |
| Szövetkezet                                   | —            | Cooperative with separate legal personality; requires at least seven founding members; based on member participation rather than freely transferable capital shares; governed by Act X of 2006. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                     |
| Külföldi Vállalkozás Magyarországi Fióktelepe | —            | Registered Hungarian branch of a foreign company; entered in the Cégjegyzék with a Cégjegyzékszám but has no separate legal personality; the foreign parent bears unlimited liability for branch obligations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Cégkivonat                                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Alapító okirat · Társasági szerződés · Alapszabály  |
| Tax Registration       | Adóigazolás                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Működési engedély                                                 |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Aláírási címpéldány · Meghatalmazás                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Bérleti szerződés · Közüzemi számla · Banki kivonat |
| Good Standing          | Hiteles cégkivonat                                                |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                               | Proves                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Cégkivonat**                                         | Legal Registration                                                     |
| **Alapító okirat (single-member Kft.)**                | Constitutive Documents                                                 |
| **Társasági szerződés (multi-member Kft., Bt., Kkt.)** | Constitutive Documents                                                 |
| **Alapszabály (Zrt., Nyrt.)**                          | Constitutive Documents                                                 |
| **Adóigazolás (NAV tax certificate)**                  | Tax Registration                                                       |
| **Működési engedély (municipal operating permit)**     | Operating Permit                                                       |
| **Aláírási címpéldány (notarised signature specimen)** | Signing Authority                                                      |
| **Meghatalmazás (power of attorney)**                  | Signing Authority                                                      |
| **Bérleti szerződés**                                  | Address                                                                |
| **Közüzemi számla (≤90 nap)**                          | Address                                                                |
| **Banki kivonat (≤90 nap)**                            | Address                                                                |
| **Hiteles cégkivonat (certified company extract)**     | Good Standing                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                            | MNB engedély, Tevékenységi engedély (sector-specific activity licence) |

**Not applicable in Hungary:** Ownership Records, Governance Records. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Official extract from Cégjegyzék via e-cegjegyzek.hu; confirms Cégjegyzékszám, legal form, registered seat, incorporation date. Free public access.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Must be countersigned by an attorney or notarized. Hungarian company law distinguishes the founding document by entity type: Alapító okirat for single-member Kft., Társasági szerződés for multi-member Kft., Bt., and Kkt., and Alapszabály for Zrt. and Nyrt.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by NAV confirming adószám and tax compliance. Adószám: 11-digit (XXXXXXXX-Y-ZZ); EU VAT = HU + first 8 digits.
* **Operating Permit:** General business/trade permit issued by local government (önkormányzat) for premises-based activities. Not required for all business types; some activities only require notification (bejelentés).
* **Sector-Specific License:** MNB license covering banking, payment services, investment firms, insurance, and VASPs. Required when the customer operates in a regulated sector.
* **Signing Authority:** Aláírási címpéldány: notary-certified; certifies signatory identity and authority. Aláírásminta: attorney-countersigned, prepared only during registration/amendment. Meghatalmazás: general (max 5 years) or special POA. Cégvezető authority may appear directly on Cégkivonat.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Hungary is a subsumed-by-extract jurisdiction. The Hiteles cégkivonat issued by the Céginformációs Szolgálat (Ministry of Justice) carries a certified timestamp confirming current active status and serves as the CoGS equivalent. Obtain from e-cegjegyzek.hu. The free tárolt cégkivonat is updated weekly and is not a substitute for the certified version.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                  |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Vezető tisztségviselő (Kft. üzletvezető / Zrt. igazgatóság tagja) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing officer with day-to-day executive authority; legally represents company.            |
| Igazgatóság tagja (Zrt. board member)                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board of directors of a Zrt.; governance role.                                 |
| Felügyelőbizottság tagja (supervisory board member)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member; oversight role; mandatory in large Zrt. or when employees require. |
| Cégvezető (company manager)                                       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Registered officer with Prokura-equivalent authority; listed in Cégjegyzék.                  |
| Meghatalmazott (POA holder)                                       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of Meghatalmazás; binds company within scope of POA.                                  |

## Notes

* Act V of 2006 (Ctv.) remains operative through 2026-12-31 — Hungary enacted Acts LIX and LX of 2025 on the registration and termination procedures of legal entities, which take effect 2027-01-01 and will replace Ctv. on that date. Until then, Ctv. section numbers remain valid; from 2027-01-01, references to Ctv. cite superseded law and should be remapped to Acts LIX/LX of 2025.
* Kft. shareholders (tagok) are public in the Cégjegyzék, but Zrt. shareholders are held in a private share register (részvénykönyv) not publicly filed — for Zrt., the shareholder register must be obtained directly from the company.
* Insurance sector statute update — Act LX of 2003 on Insurance Institutions was replaced by Act LXXXVIII of 2014 on the Business of Insurance, with substantive provisions in force from 2016-01-01; any reference to "Bit. Act LX of 2003" is citing superseded law.


# Iceland
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/iceland

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Iceland (ISL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | IS / ISL   |
| Registry     | Skatturinn |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Iceland and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name    | Issuer     |
| ------------------------------- | ------------- | ---------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Kennitala** | Skatturinn |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Kennitala** | Skatturinn |

*Tax ID:* 10-digit; format DDMMYY-XXXX; for companies the day component is offset by +40. Serves as both entity ID and tax ID. VSK-númer (5-digit VAT number) issued separately on VAT registration via form RSK 5.02.

*Registration number:* 10-digit; format DDMMYY-XXXX; for companies the day component is offset by +40. Serves as both entity ID and tax ID. VSK-númer (5-digit VAT number) issued separately on VAT registration via form RSK 5.02.

## Sector regulators

`Seðlabanki Íslands`

## Legal structures

| Local name            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| --------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Einkahlutafélag       | ehf.         | Private limited company; minimum ISK 500,000 share capital; most common SME vehicle; governed by Act No. 138/1994. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                             |
| Hlutafélag            | hf.          | Public limited company; minimum ISK 4,000,000 share capital; at least two shareholders; freely transferable shares; can list on exchange; governed by Act No. 2/1995. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                   |
| Sameignarfélag        | sf.          | General partnership; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for company obligations; separate legal personality upon registration. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                       |
| Samlagsfélag          | slf.         | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution; governed by Act No. 90/1994. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                 |
| Einstaklingsfyrirtæki | —            | Sole proprietorship; a single natural person trading under their own kennitala; no separate legal personality and owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                    |
| Samvinnufélag         | svf.         | Cooperative society; member-owned entity formed for mutual economic benefit; registered with Fyrirtækjaskrá and subject to cooperative-specific legislation. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                       |
| Sjálfseignarstofnun   | —            | Independent foundation (endowment); assets dedicated to a stated purpose with no external owners; governed by Act No. 19/1988. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation / Foundation.                                                              |
| Útibú erlends félags  | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent retains full liability; registered with Skatturinn/Fyrirtækjaskrá under the parent's name plus 'branch in Iceland'. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                         |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Skráningarskírteini                                      |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Samþykktir + Stofnskjal                  |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Kennitala confirmation + VSK-skírteini   |
| Operating Permit       | Starfsleyfi                                              |
| Ownership Records      | Hluthafaskrá                                             |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Stjórnarmenn · Fyrirsvarsmenn extract      |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Samþykki stjórnar · Prókúra                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Leigusamningur · Reikningur · Bankayfirlit |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                         | Proves                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Skráningarskírteini (Fyrirtækjaskrá extract)** | Legal Registration                                              |
| **Samþykktir (Articles of Association)**         | Constitutive Documents                                          |
| **Stofnskjal (Memorandum of Association)**       | Constitutive Documents                                          |
| **Kennitala confirmation**                       | Tax Registration                                                |
| **VSK-skírteini (VAT certificate)**              | Tax Registration                                                |
| **Starfsleyfi (operating permit)**               | Operating Permit                                                |
| **Hluthafaskrá (shareholders' register)**        | Ownership Records                                               |
| **Stjórnarmenn**                                 | Governance Records                                              |
| **Fyrirsvarsmenn extract (Fyrirtækjaskrá)**      | Governance Records                                              |
| **Samþykki stjórnar (board resolution)**         | Signing Authority                                               |
| **Prókúra (commercial power of attorney)**       | Signing Authority                                               |
| **Leigusamningur**                               | Address                                                         |
| **Reikningur (≤90 dagar)**                       | Address                                                         |
| **Bankayfirlit (≤90 dagar)**                     | Address                                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                      | Starfsleyfi, Seðlabanka leyfi (Central Bank of Iceland licence) |

**Not applicable in Iceland:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Searchable at skatturinn.is/fyrirtaekjaskra/leit/; confirms Kennitala, legal form, address, status.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Both required at incorporation; submitted to Skatturinn via forms RSK 17.20 (hf.) / RSK 17.21 (ehf.); must be in Icelandic.
* **Tax Registration:** Kennitala is the primary entity/tax ID. VAT certificate issued separately after RSK 5.02 registration; threshold ISK 2,000,000 annual turnover.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by municipality (e.g. Reykjavík Public Health Authority) or sector regulator; required for food service, manufacturing, hospitality. Not all businesses require one — verify per activity.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banks, payment institutions, insurance undertakings, investment firms: licence from Central Bank of Iceland (Seðlabanki) per Act No. 92/2019.
* **Governance Records:** Board members and authorised representatives listed in Fyrirtækjaskrá; publicly searchable.
* **Signing Authority:** Prókúra granted by board, registered in Fyrirtækjaskrá; prókúruhafi (procuration holder) is the self-evidencing signing authority. Third-party POA via notarised umboðsmaður.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Stjórnarmaður (board member)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board of directors; governance role; registered in Fyrirtækjaskrá.                |
| Formaður stjórnar (board chair)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the board; governance/oversight; no day-to-day operational authority.                  |
| Framkvæmdastjóri (managing director / CEO) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational head; day-to-day management; mandatory in hf., optional in small ehf.               |
| Prókúruhafi (procuration holder)           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of registered Prókúra; broad commercial signing authority; registered in Fyrirtækjaskrá. |
| Umboðsmaður (POA holder)                   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised power of attorney; scope defined by instrument.                             |

## Notes

* Single identifier: Kennitala serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value.
* Act No. 82/2019 uses "at least 25 per cent" — not "more than 25 percent." A holder of exactly 25% qualifies as a raunverulegur eigandi. Apply this comparator precisely; it is the inclusive boundary, unlike the German/UK models.
* Kennitala is the single entity identifier — there is no separate company registration number. The same 10-digit number functions as entity ID, tax ID, and registry key. For companies, the day component of the date is offset by +40 (e.g. a company registered on the 5th has "45" as the first two digits).
* FME no longer exists as a separate authority. The Financial Supervisory Authority merged into the Central Bank of Iceland (Seðlabanki Íslands) on 2020-01-01 per Act No. 92/2019. All financial sector licences and supervisory decisions now issue from the Central Bank.
* Operating permits (Starfsleyfi) are sector- and municipality-specific — there is no single national general business licence. Many businesses require no operating permit beyond Fyrirtækjaskrá registration; only regulated activities (food, manufacturing, hospitality, healthcare) require a starfsleyfi from the competent authority.


# India
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/india

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in India (IND) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | IN / IND                     |
| Registry     | MCA / RoC                    |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in India and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | --------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **PAN**         | Income Tax Department |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CIN / LLPIN** | MCA / RoC             |

*Tax ID:* 10-char alphanumeric (e.g. AAAPL1234C). Cleanest single business tax ID; embedded in GSTIN.

*Registration number:* CIN = 21 chars (listing status + NIC code + state + year + type + 6-digit reg. no.). LLPIN = 7 chars (AAA-1234). Dual-format warning: collect CIN or LLPIN depending on entity type.

## Sector regulators

`RBI` · `SEBI` · `IRDAI` · `PFRDA` · `FIU-IND`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Public Limited Company                              | Ltd          | Unlimited shareholders; mandatory board (min. 3 directors); shares freely transferable and may list on BSE/NSE. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                       |
| Private Limited Company                             | Pvt Ltd      | Closely-held company with 2–200 shareholders; shares not freely transferable; cannot raise public equity. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                |
| One Person Company                                  | OPC          | Single natural-person shareholder/director with limited liability; nominee required; subject to revenue and paid-up capital thresholds. Equivalent to a US SMLLC.                                                                                |
| Section 8 Company                                   | —            | Non-profit incorporated under Companies Act 2013 §8; prohibited from distributing dividends; licensed by Central Government for charitable/educational objects. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                            |
| Nidhi Company                                       | —            | Mutual-benefit deposit-taking company registered under Companies Act 2013 §406 and Nidhi Rules 2014; may only lend to and borrow from its own members; share capital required. Equivalent to a US specialized financial C-Corp.                  |
| Producer Company                                    | —            | Share-capital company formed exclusively by primary producers (farmers, artisans) under Companies Act 2013 §§378A–378ZZZ; separate legal personality with limited liability. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                          |
| Limited Liability Partnership                       | LLP          | Separate legal entity governed by the LLP Act 2008; partners have limited liability; registered with MCA via FiLLiP and assigned an LLPIN. Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                                               |
| Partnership Firm                                    | —            | Two or more persons sharing profits and unlimited personal liability under the Partnership Act 1932; registration with the Registrar of Firms is optional but common. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                               |
| Sole Proprietorship                                 | —            | Single individual trading in their own name or under a trade name; no separate legal entity; no mandatory central registration (identity established via GST, Shops & Establishments, or trade licence). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Cooperative Society                                 | —            | Democratically governed member-owned entity registered under state Co-operative Societies Acts or the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act 2002; profits distributed as patronage dividends. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                   |
| Branch / Liaison / Project Office (Foreign Company) | —            | Place of business in India established by a foreign company under Companies Act 2013 §§379–393 and RBI/FEMA approval; not a separate legal entity—the foreign parent remains liable. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association |
| Tax Registration       | PAN Certificate                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Shops & Establishments Certificate                                  |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                 |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Form DIR-12 + MCA21 Director Master Data            |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Board Resolution + Notarised Power of Attorney      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                    | Proves                 |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (MCA21 / RoC)**              | Legal Registration     |
| **Memorandum of Association**                               | Constitutive Documents |
| **AoA (INC-34) filed via SPICe+ (INC-32)**                  | Constitutive Documents |
| **PAN Certificate (Income Tax Dept.)**                      | Tax Registration       |
| **Shops & Establishments Certificate (state Labour Dept.)** | Operating Permit       |
| **Register of Members**                                     | Ownership Records      |
| **Form DIR-12**                                             | Governance Records     |
| **MCA21 Director Master Data**                              | Governance Records     |
| **Board Resolution**                                        | Signing Authority      |
| **Notarised Power of Attorney**                             | Signing Authority      |
| **Lease Agreement**                                         | Address                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                           | Address                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                 | RBI Authorisation      |

**Not applicable in India:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Download via MCA V3 Master Data using CIN or LLPIN.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Paired e-forms; always collected together. LLPs file LLP Agreement instead.
* **Tax Registration:** Primary ID. Supplement with GSTIN certificate (gst.gov.in) for GST-registered entities; multi-state entities hold multiple GSTINs.
* **Operating Permit:** No national operating licence. Each state enacts its own Shops and Establishments Act; certificate content, fees, and renewal vary.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect whichever applies. RBI PA-CB licence mandatory for cross-border payment aggregators per Oct 2023 RBI Directions.
* **Governance Records:** DIN required per director. Also collect DIN of each Designated Partner for LLPs (DPIN, same number series).
* **Signing Authority:** CS must be whole-time ICSI-qualified (CA 2013 §203 + Rule 8A).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                           |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Named officer with day-to-day authority; DIN required (CA 2013 §153). |
| Managing Director (MD) / Whole-Time Director (WTD) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director with substantial management powers.                |
| CEO / CFO                                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Key Managerial Personnel (KMP) under CA 2013 §203.                    |
| Independent Director (ID)                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive governance role; mandatory for listed/large companies.  |
| Designated Partner (LLP)                           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Personally liable for LLP compliance; signs statutory filings.        |
| Authorised Signatory                               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Named in Board Resolution / POA to bind the company.                  |

## Notes

* "Significant influence" extends to MNC parent CEOs — 2024 RoC adjudication orders (LinkedIn India, May 2024; Samsung Display Noida) held that professional CEOs of ultimate parent companies constitute SBOs under the "significant influence" prong of CA 2013 §90, regardless of direct equity. Verify full upstream governance chain for wholly-owned subsidiaries of foreign MNCs.
* Dual identifier format (CIN vs. LLPIN) — companies and LLPs use entirely different registration number formats; businessEntityId validation must branch on entity type.
* No national operating licence — there is no central "licence to operate." The Shops & Establishments certificate is state-specific; each Indian state enacts its own Act. Multi-state entities hold multiple certificates. Accept any valid state-level S\&E certificate.
* Multi-state GSTIN — a single company operating in N states holds N GSTINs, all derived from the same PAN. Do not treat multiple GSTINs as multiple companies; always anchor identity to PAN.


# Indonesia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/indonesia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Indonesia (IDN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                         |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                  |
| ISO 3166-1   | ID / IDN                                      |
| Registry     | BKPM (Kementerian Investasi/BKPM) via OSS-RBA |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Indonesia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NPWP**   | DJP (Directorate General of Taxes)                        |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **NIB**    | BKPM (Kementerian Investasi/BKPM) via OSS-RBA (oss.go.id) |

*Tax ID:* 16 digits since 2024-07-01 (aligned with NIK for individuals; corporate entities assigned 16-digit NPWP by DJP). Legacy 15-digit NPWP retired. PKP status (VAT) is separate — collect SPPKP certificate if VAT-registered.

*Registration number:* 13 digits. Single-window business identifier; replaces TDP, API, NIK customs. Issued after AHU registration. Also anchors BPJS and sector permits.

## Sector regulators

`BI` · `OJK` · `PPATK` · `BKPM (Kementerian Investasi/BKPM)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                              | Abbreviation  | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Perseroan Terbatas                      | PT            | Standard Indonesian share-capital company with separate legal personality; minimum 2 shareholders; two-tier board (Direksi + Dewan Komisaris); most common corporate form. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                        |
| Perseroan Terbatas — Foreign Investment | PT PMA        | PT with any foreign shareholding; requires BKPM/OSS-RBA approval and compliance with the Positive Investment List (Daftar Positif Investasi); otherwise governed by the same PT framework. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                        |
| Perseroan Terbatas Perorangan           | PT Perorangan | Single-shareholder limited-liability company restricted to Indonesian citizens operating micro/small businesses; introduced by Job Creation Law 11/2020 and Government Regulation 8/2021; reduced capital and compliance requirements. Closest US equivalent: SMLLC (Single-Member LLC).                                         |
| Commanditaire Vennootschap              | CV            | Limited partnership with at least one active managing partner (persero aktif) bearing unlimited liability and one or more silent/sleeping partners (persero pasif) with liability limited to their contribution; registered at AHU Online; no separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: LP (Limited Partnership).       |
| Firma                                   | Fa            | General partnership of two or more persons trading under a shared name; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; registered at AHU Online; no separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: GP (General Partnership).                                                                                       |
| Persekutuan Perdata                     | —             | Civil-law partnership (maatschap) governed by the Civil Code; two or more parties pool contributions to share profits from a common endeavor; commonly used by professional practices (lawyers, accountants, doctors); registered at AHU Online; no separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: GP (General Partnership). |
| Usaha Dagang                            | UD            | Sole proprietorship operating under a trade name; no separate legal personality; owned and operated by a single Indonesian citizen; simple registration via OSS-RBA (NIB only). Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                      |
| Koperasi                                | —             | Member-owned cooperative with separate legal personality; governed by Law No. 25/1992 and its implementing regulations; profits distributed as Sisa Hasil Usaha (SHU) to members; registered with the Ministry of Cooperatives. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                              |
| Yayasan                                 | —             | Non-profit foundation with separate legal personality established for social, religious, or humanitarian purposes; no membership or profit distribution; governed by Law No. 16/2001 as amended by Law No. 28/2004; registered at AHU Online. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                          |
| Perkumpulan                             | —             | Membership-based non-profit association with separate legal personality; established for social, religious, or humanitarian aims without profit distribution to members; governed by Civil Code Art. 1653 and Stb. 1870-64; registered at AHU Online. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation/Association.                  |
| Kantor Perwakilan Perusahaan Asing      | KPPA          | Representative office of a foreign company; permitted only for liaison, market research, and supervisory activities; cannot engage in commercial transactions or earn revenue in Indonesia; registered via BKPM/OSS-RBA. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Branch/Rep Office.                                                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* SK Kemenkumham + NIB                              |
| Constitutive Documents | Akta Pendirian                                                    |
| Tax Registration       | Kartu NPWP                                                        |
| Operating Permit       | NIB                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | Daftar Pemegang Saham                                             |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Akta Pendirian + AHU extract                      |
| Signing Authority      | Surat Kuasa Notarial                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Perjanjian Sewa · Tagihan Utilitas · Rekening Koran |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                              | Proves                                                                                                            |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **SK Kemenkumham**                                    | Legal Registration                                                                                                |
| **NIB**                                               | Legal Registration, Operating Permit                                                                              |
| **Akta Pendirian (incl. Anggaran Dasar)**             | Constitutive Documents, Governance Records                                                                        |
| **Kartu NPWP (16-digit)**                             | Tax Registration                                                                                                  |
| **Daftar Pemegang Saham**                             | Ownership Records                                                                                                 |
| **AHU extract (Direksi and Dewan Komisaris listing)** | Governance Records                                                                                                |
| **Surat Kuasa Notarial**                              | Signing Authority                                                                                                 |
| **Perjanjian Sewa**                                   | Address                                                                                                           |
| **Tagihan Utilitas (≤90 hari)**                       | Address                                                                                                           |
| **Rekening Koran (≤90 hari)**                         | Address                                                                                                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**                           | OJK licence (banking, capital markets, insurance, fintech, P2P), BI licence (payment systems), PPATK registration |

**Not applicable in Indonesia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** SK confirms legal entity status; NIB confirms business licensing. Collect both.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single notarized deed; contains articles. Subsequent amendments are Akta Perubahan Anggaran Dasar; collect latest version.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DJP. If VAT-registered, also collect SPPKP (Surat Pengukuhan Pengusaha Kena Pajak).
* **Operating Permit:** The NIB is the general operating authorization for low- and medium-risk activities. High-risk activities require additional OSS-RBA sectoral permits (Izin / Persetujuan).
* **Sector-Specific License:** OJK took over crypto/VASP regulation from BAPPEBTI on 2025-01-10 under OJK Reg. No. 27/2024 (POJK 27/2024); amended by POJK 23/2025 (eff. Dec 2025).
* **Ownership Records:** Daftar Pemegang Saham is a company-maintained register of shareholders and their shareholdings. Collect the company's own copy; it is not a publicly accessible registry.
* **Governance Records:** Amendments to board composition filed as Akta Perubahan; collect latest notarized deed and AHU confirmation.
* **Signing Authority:** Signing authority must be notarized in Indonesia; apostille is available from Kemenkumham for use in Hague Convention member states.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                               | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                  |
| ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Direktur Utama (President Director)      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Senior executive director; day-to-day operational authority; legally represents the company. |
| Direktur (Director)                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of Direksi (Board of Directors); executive management and operational authority.      |
| Komisaris Utama (President Commissioner) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of Dewan Komisaris; supervisory role only; no day-to-day management.                   |
| Komisaris (Commissioner)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of Dewan Komisaris; supervises and advises Direksi; no operational authority.         |
| Kuasa (Attorney-in-fact / POA holder)    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of Surat Kuasa Notarial; authorized to legally bind the company for specified acts.   |

## Notes

* The NIB is the primary operating authorization post-2020 (replaces SIUP/TDP/SKU); however, high-risk KBLI-coded activities still require sectoral permits on top of the NIB. Always check the KBLI code against the OSS-RBA risk classification. KBLI 2025 alignment deadline is 2026-06-18 — entities in transition may carry mis-matched codes.
* Indonesia uses a two-tier board: Direksi (management) and Dewan Komisaris (supervisory). They are structurally separate; Komisaris cannot execute contracts. Both bodies roll up to CONTROLLING\_PERSON, but Direksi members are the LEGAL\_REPRESENTATIVE signers — capture them as such and record Komisaris members separately for completeness.
* Indonesia acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention effective 2022-06-04. Apostille is issued by Kemenkumham. Prior to accession, Indonesian documents required full consular legalisation; post-accession apostille suffices for contracting states.


# Iraq
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/iraq

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Iraq (IRQ) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                               |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | IQ / IRQ                                            |
| Registry     | MOT Companies Registrar (federal) or KRG-MOTI (KRI) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Iraq and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name           | Issuer                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**              | General Commission for Taxes (GCT), Ministry of Finance |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **رقم تسجيل الشركة** | MOT Companies Registrar (federal) or KRG-MOTI (KRI)     |

*Tax ID:* Issued post-registration; format not publicly standardised.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric; appears on the Certificate of Registration. KRI-issued numbers are distinct from federal numbers.

## Sector regulators

`CBI` · `ISC` · `GCT/MoF` · `MOT Companies Registrar` · `KRG-MOTI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Limited Liability Company (شركة ذات مسؤولية محدودة) | LLC / ش.م.م  | 1–25 shareholders; minimum capital IQD 1,000,000; managed by an appointed Managing Director; most common form for foreign investment under Companies Law No. 21/1997 (as amended by Law No. 17/2019). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                 |
| Joint Stock Company (شركة مساهمة)                   | JSC / ش.م    | Share-capital company with separate legal personality; minimum 5 shareholders and a board of 5–9 members. Private JSC shares are restricted from public trading; Public JSC shares may be listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.   |
| General Partnership (شركة التضامن)                  | —            | Two or more partners who are jointly and severally liable for all partnership debts to the full extent of their personal assets; minimum capital IQD 50,000. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                 |
| Limited Partnership (شركة التوصية)                  | —            | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; governed by Companies Law No. 21/1997. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                       |
| Simple Company (شركة البسيطة)                       | —            | 2–5 partners; lighter governance and formality than a general partnership; partners may contribute capital or services; typically used for small professional or trading firms. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                              |
| Individual Enterprise (المشروع الفردي / شركة الفرد) | —            | Single natural person who owns the sole share and bears unlimited personal liability for all enterprise debts; reserved for Iraqi nationals. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                                                      |
| Mixed Company (شركة مختلطة)                         | —            | Joint venture between private persons and a public-sector entity holding at least 25% of capital; may only be formed as an LLC or JSC; subject to additional state-participation governance rules. No direct US equivalent; a public-private hybrid.          |
| Branch of Foreign Company                           | —            | A foreign entity registers a branch with the MOT Companies Registrar; the branch has no separate legal personality and the parent bears full liability; requires a local representative. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Branch (not a separate legal entity). |
| Representative Office                               | —            | Foreign entity presence limited to liaison, market research, and promotional activities; may not conduct revenue-generating commercial transactions; registered with MOT. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Rep Office.                                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Company Registration                                 |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                              |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Certificate                                        |
| Operating Permit       | Municipal Trade License                                             |
| Ownership Records      | Shareholders Register                                               |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Managing Director Appointment Record · Board Register |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarised Power of Attorney        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* عقد إيجار · فاتورة خدمات · كشف حساب بنكي              |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                 | Proves                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Company Registration (شهادة تسجيل الشركة)**             | Legal Registration                                       |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association (عقد التأسيس والنظام الأساسي)** | Constitutive Documents                                   |
| **Tax Registration Certificate (شهادة التسجيل الضريبي)**                 | Tax Registration                                         |
| **Municipal Trade License (إجازة تجارية بلدية)**                         | Operating Permit                                         |
| **Shareholders Register (سجل المساهمين)**                                | Ownership Records                                        |
| **Managing Director Appointment Record**                                 | Governance Records                                       |
| **Board Register (سجل المديرين)**                                        | Governance Records                                       |
| **Board Resolution**                                                     | Signing Authority                                        |
| **Notarised Power of Attorney (قرار مجلس الإدارة / توكيل رسمي)**         | Signing Authority                                        |
| **عقد إيجار**                                                            | Address                                                  |
| **فاتورة خدمات (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                         | Address                                                  |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                        | Address                                                  |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                              | CBI License (banking/exchange), ISC License (securities) |

**Not applicable in Iraq:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by MOT Companies Registrar (federal) or KRG-MOTI (KRI); confirms registration number and legal status.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document for LLCs; JSCs may have separate memorandum. Filed with and stamped by MOT.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by GCT/MoF; must be obtained after company registration. Kurdistan has a separate tax administration.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local governorate/municipality; required to operate at a specific address. Requirements vary by governorate.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBI for banks, money-service businesses, FX dealers; ISC for brokers and market participants. Only required in regulated sectors.
* **Ownership Records:** MOT extract lists all shareholders for the company's registered jurisdiction (federal or KRI).
* **Governance Records:** Embedded in MOT company file; MOT-certified extract or stamped Memorandum listing appointed directors suffices.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution of LLC general assembly or JSC board; POA must be notarised by Iraqi notary and, if issued abroad, authenticated via embassy legalisation chain (Iraq is not a Hague Apostille party).
* **Address:** Lease (no recency requirement) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                   | Canonical API role     | Description                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Managing Director (مدير عام)                                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed by general assembly of LLC; day-to-day operational authority. |
| Deputy Managing Director (نائب المدير العام)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Deputises for Managing Director; operational authority.                 |
| Board Member (عضو مجلس الإدارة)                              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | JSC board member elected by general assembly; governance role.          |
| Board Chairman (رئيس مجلس الإدارة)                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Elected by JSC board from among members; presides over board.           |
| Legal Representative / Attorney-in-Fact (وكيل قانوني / مفوض) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised POA authorised to bind the company.                 |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                 | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Iraqi shareholder ≥51% confirmation` | founder    | Law No. 17/2019 (federal amendment, eff. 9 September 2019) mandates at least 51% Iraqi ownership in federal-Iraq LLCs and JSCs; does not apply to KRI-incorporated entities. |

## Notes

* Federal vs. KRI bifurcation: Companies registered under the KRG-MOTI in Erbil, Duhok, or Sulaimaniyah are legally distinct from MOT-registered federal entities; registration numbers, governing rules, and the 51% Iraqi-ownership requirement all differ. Always confirm which registry issued the certificate.
* 51% Iraqi ownership (federal only): Law No. 17/2019 requires at least 51% Iraqi equity in federally registered companies. KRI did not adopt this amendment — foreign investors can hold 100% in KRI entities.
* No Apostille: Iraq is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. Foreign-issued documents (POAs, board resolutions, identity documents) require full embassy-chain authentication: notarisation → home-country foreign-affairs ministry → Iraqi embassy legalisation.


# Ireland
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/ireland

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Ireland (IRL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                         |
| ------------ | ----------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | IE / IRL                      |
| Registry     | Companies Registration Office |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Ireland and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                        |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TRN**    | Revenue Commissioners         |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CRN**    | Companies Registration Office |

*Tax ID:* 8–9 chars: 7 digits + 1–2 letters (e.g. 1234567T or 1497955KA). VAT number = "IE" + same string. Issued on corporation tax registration via Form TR2.

*Registration number:* Typically 6 digits (older companies may have fewer). Displayed on Certificate of Incorporation and all CRO filings.

## Sector regulators

`CBI — Central Bank of Ireland`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ----------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares         | LTD          | Most common Irish SME vehicle; single-document constitution; 1–149 shareholders; shares not freely transferable to the public. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                              |
| Designated Activity Company               | DAC          | Private company limited by shares with capacity restricted to stated objects in its constitution; Memorandum & Articles format (CA 2014 Part 16). Equivalent to a US LLC with a restricted-purpose operating agreement.                                                                             |
| Public Limited Company                    | PLC          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public and listed on a stock exchange; minimum allotted share capital €38,092 (CA 2014 Part 17). Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                |
| Unlimited Company                         | ULC          | Share-capital company with separate legal personality but no cap on member liability; used for privacy (no obligation to file accounts publicly). Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                        |
| Company Limited by Guarantee              | CLG          | No share capital; members guarantee a nominal amount on winding up; the standard vehicle for Irish charities, nonprofits, and member associations (CA 2014 Part 18). Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                      |
| Limited Partnership                       | LP           | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; registered under the Limited Partnerships Act 1907 / CA 2014 Part 6. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                   |
| General Partnership                       | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business in common with a view to profit; no separate legal personality; partners bear unlimited joint liability; governed by the Partnership Act 1890. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                |
| Limited Liability Partnership             | LLP          | Restricted to legal professionals (solicitors, barristers, legal partnerships); registered with the Legal Services Regulatory Authority (LSRA), not the CRO; partners have limited personal liability for the negligence of other partners. Equivalent to a US Limited Liability Partnership (LLP). |
| Sole Trader                               | —            | A single natural person trading on their own account; no separate legal personality; the individual is personally liable for all business debts; business name (if not owner's own name) must be registered with the CRO. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                   |
| Industrial and Provident Society          | IPS          | Co-operative or community-benefit society registered with the Registrar of Friendly Societies (RFS) under the Industrial and Provident Societies Acts 1893–1978; separate legal personality; profits distributed to members or reinvested for community benefit. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.    |
| European Economic Interest Grouping       | EEIG         | Cross-border EU ancillary-activity vehicle with at least two members from different EU member states; registered with the CRO under SI 191/1989; members bear unlimited joint and several liability. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                   |
| Irish Collective Asset-management Vehicle | ICAV         | Fund-specific corporate vehicle supervised and registered by the Central Bank of Ireland (not CRO) under the ICAV Act 2015; used exclusively for investment funds. Equivalent to a US Statutory/Business Trust.                                                                                     |
| External Company (Branch)                 | —            | A foreign company that establishes a place of business or branch in Ireland and must register with the CRO under CA 2014 Part 21; no separate Irish legal personality. Equivalent to a Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                     |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Constitution · Memorandum & Articles                   |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Certificate                                         |
| Ownership Records      | Constitution                                                         |
| Governance Records     | Form B1 Annual Return                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Written consent · Power of Attorney |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement        |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                 | Proves                                                            |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (CRO)**                   | Legal Registration                                                |
| **Constitution (LTD)**                                   | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records                         |
| **Memorandum & Articles (DAC, PLC, CLG)**                | Constitutive Documents                                            |
| **Tax Registration Certificate (Revenue Commissioners)** | Tax Registration                                                  |
| **Form B1 Annual Return (directors section)**            | Governance Records                                                |
| **Board Resolution**                                     | Signing Authority                                                 |
| **Written consent (unanimous written resolution)**       | Signing Authority                                                 |
| **Power of Attorney**                                    | Signing Authority                                                 |
| **Lease Agreement**                                      | Address                                                           |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                          | Address                                                           |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                        | Address                                                           |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (CRO)**                   | Good Standing                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                              | CBI Authorisation, CBI Registration Certificate (sector-specific) |

**Not applicable in Ireland:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued digitally by CRO on incorporation; bears CRN and date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** LTD uses a single-document constitution with no memorandum (CA 2014 Sch. 1); all others use a paired Memo + Articles.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued on completion of Form TR2 (companies); shows TRN and tax heads registered.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for: credit institutions, payment institutions, e-money institutions, insurance undertakings, investment firms, fund managers. CBI register searchable at registers.centralbank.ie.
* **Ownership Records:** Shareholders are listed in the company's Constitution (LTD) or Form B1 annual return (all company types). The B1 includes a schedule of members filed annually with the CRO.
* **Governance Records:** Lists all current directors and company secretary; filed annually with CRO; also available via CRO online search (core.cro.ie).
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution evidences authority for a specific transaction; notarised POA for ongoing or external representation.
* **Address:** Accepted: lease agreement (no time limit) or utility bill or bank statement (utility/bank must be dated within 90 days). Satisfies both registered-address and operating-address verification.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the CRO on request; confirms the company is validly in existence and all required annual returns and fees are in order. Distinct from the Certificate of Incorporation. Must be recent (typically requested within 90 days of intended use).

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                              |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management and legal authority; min. 1 (LTD); at least 1 must be EEA-resident or company must hold a Bond.    |
| Managing Director                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational lead with delegated authority from the board.                                                                |
| Non-Executive Director                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance oversight without operational responsibility.                                                                 |
| Attorney / POA holder                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised to bind the company under a notarised power of attorney.                                               |
| Senior Managing Official (fallback BO) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Recorded as BO in RBO when no individual meeting the more than 25% threshold can be identified (S.I. 110/2019 fallback). |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                             | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `EEA-resident director flag or Bond confirmation` | founder    | CA 2014 s.137: if no EEA-resident director, company must hold a €25,000 bond (Section 137 Bond) or obtain a certificate from Revenue as an exemption. |

## Notes

* LTD constitution is a single document — there is no memorandum of association for LTD companies; do not request a "Memorandum" for LTD; request the Constitution.
* RBO public access is suspended since November 2022 (CJEU WM/Sovim). Conduit as an obliged entity can apply to the Registrar for access; general public and journalists face a near-complete bar. Do not rely on open web access for BO verification.
* Section 137 Bond (€25,000) is required if an Irish company has no EEA-resident director; request confirmation of this status during onboarding — it affects director validation.


# Isle of Man
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/isle-of-man

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Isle of Man (IMN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                         |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | IM / IMN                                                                      |
| Registry     | [Isle of Man Companies Registry](https://services.gov.im/companies-registry/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Isle of Man and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                          |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Reference Number (TRN)**  | Isle of Man Income Tax Division |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Isle of Man Companies Registry  |

*Tax ID:* Issued by the Income Tax Division of the Isle of Man Treasury to all registered taxable entities. Format: one letter prefix + six digits + optional hyphen and two-digit suffix. Confirmed prefixes: 'H' for individuals; 'C' for companies and LLCs (e.g. C123456 or C123456-78); 'X' for trusts, foundations, and partnerships. Issued under the Income Tax Act 1970 (consolidated) on incorporation or on application. The Isle of Man has a 0% standard corporate income tax rate; 10% applies to licensed banking business (deposit-taking licensed by the IOMFSA) and retail businesses with annual taxable profits exceeding £500,000; 20% applies to income from land or property situated in the Isle of Man and to petroleum extraction activities or rights (petroleum rate effective 2024). No VAT is levied by the Isle of Man itself; a UK-mirror VAT system is administered by Isle of Man Customs & Excise (VAT numbers prefixed 'GB 00' + 7 digits). The TRN is the primary fiscal identifier for companies.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier with a single letter suffix indicating entity type, allocated by the Companies Registry (operating under the Isle of Man Department for Enterprise) at incorporation or registration. Confirmed suffixes: C = Isle of Man company; F = foreign company; L = limited liability company; B = business name. Additional suffixes may exist for other register types. Examples: 014872C, 087750C, 005095V (suffix V observed in registry data — exact register type unconfirmed). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation. Governed by Companies Act 1931, Companies Act 2006, or relevant entity-specific legislation.

## Sector regulators

`Isle of Man Financial Services Authority (IOMFSA)` · `Isle of Man Gambling Supervision Commission (IOMGSC)` · `Isle of Man Companies Registry (Department for Enterprise)` · `Isle of Man Customs & Excise (VAT)` · `Isle of Man Income Tax Division (Treasury)` · `Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) — AML/CFT`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares (1931 Act) | Ltd          | Incorporated under the Companies Acts 1931–2004; the traditional domestic vehicle closely following the UK Companies Act 1929 model; requires at least two individual directors; must produce audited annual accounts (for public companies) and file an annual return disclosing directors and shareholders; share transfer restrictions apply; widely used by Isle of Man residents and domestic businesses. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Public Company Limited by Shares (1931 Act)  | Plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Acts 1931–2004 as a public company; shares may be offered to the public and listed on a recognised exchange; subject to enhanced disclosure and audit obligations; requires at least two directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Company (2006 Act)                           | Ltd / Corp   | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2006; adopts the international business company model offering significant administrative flexibility; single director (individual or corporate body) permitted; single member permitted; no mandatory annual general meeting; accounting records required but no public filing of accounts; only director information disclosed on annual return (shareholder register not public); widely used for offshore, international holding, and commercial structures. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                         |
| Company Limited by Guarantee                 | —            | Available under both the Companies Acts 1931–2004 and the Companies Act 2006; no share capital; members undertake to contribute a specified amount on winding up; used for charities, non-profit organisations, trade associations, and clubs. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Protected Cell Company                       | PCC          | An overlay structure available to companies incorporated under either the Companies Act 1931 or the Companies Act 2006; the company has distinct 'cells', each with its own assets and liabilities that are ring-fenced from the debts of any other cell; cells are not separate legal entities; used primarily for captive insurance, investment funds, and structured finance. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Limited Liability Company                    | LLC          | A hybrid entity established under the Limited Liability Companies Act 1996, modelled on the Wyoming LLC; has separate legal personality, limited liability for all members, and no share capital; managed by members in proportion to their capital contributions (no board of directors requirement); treated as tax-transparent (fiscally a partnership); constitutional document is the Articles of Organisation filed with the Companies Registry. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Foundation                                   | —            | Established under the Foundations Act 2011; a separate legal entity with no shareholders or members; governed by a Council; funded by an initial endowment from a Founder; name must include 'Foundation'; objects may be persons, charitable purposes, or non-charitable purposes; must have a registered agent who is an Isle of Man licensed corporate service provider; may not engage in commercial trading unless incidental to its objects; used for private wealth management, estate planning, and philanthropy. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or business trust.                                                                   |
| Limited Partnership                          | LP           | Registered under the Partnership Act 1909 (as amended) and the Limited Partnership (Legal Personality) Act 2011; must have at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; since the Limited Partnership (Legal Personality) Act 2011 came into operation (18 October 2011) a limited partnership may elect legal personality at registration; must be registered with the Companies Registry or it is treated as a general partnership; widely used for investment funds and private equity structures. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP). |
| General Partnership                          | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business in common with a view to profit; governed by the Partnership Act 1909; no separate legal personality; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; no mandatory registration with the Companies Registry. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Sole Trader                                  | —            | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal personality; personally liable for all business debts; must register with the Isle of Man Income Tax Division for income tax; any business name other than the owner's own name may need to be registered; no formal registration with the Companies Registry required. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Branch of Foreign Company                    | —            | A foreign-incorporated entity that establishes a place of business in the Isle of Man; must register with the Isle of Man Companies Registry as a foreign company under the Companies Act 1931 or Companies Act 2006; not a separate Isle of Man legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; regulatory consent from the IOMFSA required if conducting regulated financial activities. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch/representative office.                                                                                                                                                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                        |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Organisation                              |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Articles of Organisation · Foundation Instrument |
| Tax Registration       | Income Tax Division TRN Notification Letter *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)*                  |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                     |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors *(optional: Annual Return (Directors Extract))*                                   |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                           |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                            |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                    | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                            | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Certificate of Organisation (LLC)**                       | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Articles of Organisation (LLC)**                          | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Foundation Instrument and Rules**                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Tax Reference Number Notification (Income Tax Division)** | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **VAT Registration Certificate (Customs & Excise)**         | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Register of Members**                                     | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Register of Directors**                                   | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Companies Registry Annual Return (Directors Extract)**    | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Board Resolution**                                        | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Power of Attorney**                                       | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Lease Agreement**                                         | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                           | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                            | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                 | IOMFSA Banking Licence, IOMFSA VASP / Payment Services Licence (Class 8), IOMFSA Investment Business Licence, IOMFSA Insurance Licence, IOMFSA TCSP Licence (Class 4), Online Gambling Licence (IOMGSC) |

**Not applicable in Isle of Man:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Isle of Man Companies Registry upon incorporation under the Companies Act 1931 or Companies Act 2006 (or relevant entity-specific act). States company name, registration number, date of incorporation, and act under which incorporated. Standard processing within 24 hours; priority same-day service available. The Registry also holds the filed Memorandum and Articles as public records accessible for a fee (£2 per document). For LLCs, the equivalent is a Certificate of Organisation. For foundations, the Registry issues a registration certificate under the Foundations Act 2011.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The Memorandum of Association states the company name, registered office, objects (if restricted), share capital, and subscriber details; the Articles of Association govern internal management. Filed with the Companies Registry at incorporation under the Companies Act 1931 or Companies Act 2006 and publicly available for a fee. Under the 2006 Act, companies may adopt standard model articles or bespoke articles. For LLCs, the constitutional document is the Articles of Organisation. For foundations, the equivalent is the Foundation Instrument and Rules (under the Foundations Act 2011).
* **Tax Registration:** The Isle of Man Income Tax Division issues a Tax Reference Number (TRN) to companies and LLCs on incorporation or on application. The TRN appears on Income Tax Division correspondence and tax return forms. Format: C + 6 digits (+ optional 2-digit suffix) for companies. The Isle of Man has no VAT of its own; a UK-mirror VAT system is operated by Isle of Man Customs & Excise for businesses with taxable supplies above the VAT threshold (currently £90,000 as of 2026). Where a company is VAT-registered, collect the VAT certificate separately (IOMCE issues it; format GB 00XXXXXXX).
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Isle of Man Financial Services Authority (IOMFSA) is the principal financial regulator under the Financial Services Act 2008; it authorises banks, payment/virtual asset service providers (Class 8, renamed from 'Money Transmission Services' to 'Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP)' effective October 2024), e-money issuers, investment businesses, insurance companies and intermediaries, collective investment scheme managers, and trust and company service providers. The Isle of Man Gambling Supervision Commission (IOMGSC), established under the Online Gambling Regulation Act 2001, licenses online gambling operators and software suppliers. IOMFSA licence classes include: Class 1 (banking), Class 2 (investment business), Class 3 (services to collective investment schemes), Class 4 (corporate service providers/trust companies), Class 7 (management or administration), Class 8 (VASP/payment services/e-money). The Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) administers AML/CFT under the Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism Code 2019.
* **Governance Records:** Every Isle of Man company must maintain a Register of Directors at its registered office. For 1931 Act companies, director details are publicly filed via annual returns at the Companies Registry. For 2006 Act companies, directors are disclosed on each annual return (names, addresses, appointment/resignation dates) and are publicly accessible via the Companies Registry search portal. The register lists at minimum: full name, address, date of appointment, date of resignation. For LLCs (which may have no directors), the register of managers or members serves this purpose.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory form prescribed. A written board resolution passed by the directors authorising a specific signatory is standard practice. For LLCs, a members' resolution or manager authorisation serves the same purpose. Powers of attorney may also be used and must be executed as a deed under Isle of Man law. The Companies Act 2006 (s.102) governs execution of documents by a company.
* **Address:** Conduit accepts a signed lease (no time limit), utility bill, or bank statement dated within 90 days as proof of registered or operating address. The same document satisfies both registered-office and principal-place-of-business checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Isle of Man Companies Registry for 2006 Act companies; certifies that the company is on the Register of Companies, that no winding-up or dissolution documents appear on file, and that no striking-off proceedings have been instituted. Standard fee £50 (48-hour production); priority service £100. For 1931 Act companies, a Certificate of Good Standing (or Certificate of Status) is also available. The certificate confirms the company's registered name, number, date of incorporation, registered office, and registered agent.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with authority to manage and bind the company; named in the Register of Directors. 1931 Act companies require at least two individual directors; 2006 Act companies may have a single director (individual or body corporate). Director details are publicly accessible via Companies Registry annual returns. |
| General Partner             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | In an Isle of Man Limited Partnership (Partnership Act 1909 / Limited Partnerships Act 2011): bears unlimited liability for the LP's debts and manages the partnership.                                                                                                                                                          |
| Council Member (Foundation) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance officer of an Isle of Man Foundation; manages the foundation in accordance with its Constitution and the Foundations Act 2011; must act within the objects of the foundation; must be at least 18 years old if an individual.                                                                                         |
| Authorised Signatory        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person empowered by board resolution or power of attorney to sign documents and bind the company; no statutory form prescribed.                                                                                                                                                                                          |

## Notes

* The Isle of Man is a self-governing Crown Dependency, not part of the UK or EU. It has its own Parliament (Tynwald), courts, and legislation. Documents are in English.
* Two parallel company law regimes coexist: Companies Acts 1931–2004 (traditional domestic model, mandatory disclosure of shareholders via annual return) and Companies Act 2006 (international business company model, shareholder register not public, only directors disclosed). Conduit will most commonly encounter 2006 Act companies in an international onboarding context.
* The Companies Registry sits within the Isle of Man Department for Enterprise (transferred from the Financial Supervision Commission in 2010 and from the General Registry before that). The online public search portal is at services.gov.im/companies-registry/. Document copies cost £2 each.
* The Isle of Man has a 0% standard corporate income tax rate. Licensed banking businesses and retail businesses with annual taxable profits exceeding £500,000 are taxed at 10%. Income from land or property situated in the Isle of Man and petroleum extraction activities or rights are taxed at 20% (petroleum rate effective 2024). No general sales tax or GST exists; a UK-mirror VAT system (administered by Isle of Man Customs & Excise) applies to businesses with taxable supplies above the UK VAT registration threshold (£90,000 as of 2026). The Isle of Man enacted the Global Minimum Tax (Pillar Two) Order 2024, implementing a 15% Domestic Top-up Tax (DTUT, a Qualified DMTT) and Multinational Top-up Tax (MTUT, a Qualified IIR), effective for fiscal years commencing on or after 1 January 2025, for MNE groups with consolidated annual revenue of €750 million or more. In-scope groups must register via the ITD's Pillar 2 Online Service and appoint a Domestic Filing Entity; registration uses the existing TRN system.
* The Isle of Man is a leading global online gambling jurisdiction. The Gambling Supervision Commission (IOMGSC) is distinct from the IOMFSA. Gambling businesses require an OGRA (Online Gambling Regulation Act) licence from the GSC.
* All new company registrations must be submitted through a licensed Corporate Service Provider (registered agent); direct self-incorporation is not permitted. The registered agent must be an Isle of Man-licensed TCSP.
* An annual return is required: 1931 Act companies file within one month of the anniversary of incorporation disclosing shareholders, directors, and (for public companies) audited accounts. 2006 Act companies file annual returns disclosing only director information.


# Israel
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/israel

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Israel (ISR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | IL / ISR                     |
| Registry     | Rasham HaHavarot             |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Israel and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                    | Issuer               |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | -------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tik Niukim / Osek Murshe**                  | Israel Tax Authority |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Number (Mispar Hevra / מספר חברה)** | Rasham HaHavarot     |

*Tax ID:* Multi-ID system: income tax file (Tik Niukim), VAT registration (Osek Murshe / Osek Patur). Both required; VAT number for corporations matches the 9-digit company number.

*Registration number:* 9-digit number; assigned at incorporation; appears on Teudat Hit'asedut.

## Sector regulators

`BoI` · `ISA` · `CMISA` · `IMPA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                          | Abbreviation   | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Chevra Beama (חברה בע"מ) — Private Company Limited by Shares        | Ltd.           | The standard closely-held company; limited liability, 1–50 shareholders, shares not freely tradable to the public; governed by Companies Law 5759-1999. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                        |
| Public Company (חברה ציבורית)                                       | —              | Share-capital company whose shares are offered to the public via prospectus or listed on a stock exchange; subject to ISA oversight and enhanced governance requirements under Companies Law 5759-1999. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (public).                                                                        |
| General Partnership (שותפות רגילה)                                  | —              | Two or more partners with unlimited joint and several liability for partnership obligations; registered with the Registrar of Partnerships under the Partnerships Ordinance. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                   |
| Limited Partnership (שותפות מוגבלת)                                 | —              | At least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at capital contribution); registered with the Registrar of Partnerships. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                                                 |
| Sole Proprietor — Osek Murshe / Osek Patur (עוסק מורשה / עוסק פטור) | —              | A natural person trading on their own account; no separate legal entity. Osek Murshe is VAT-registered; Osek Patur is the exempt-dealer status for turnover below the annual threshold. Both registered with the Israel Tax Authority. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                         |
| Cooperative Society (אגודה שיתופית)                                 | Aguda Shitufit | Member-owned entity governed by the Cooperative Societies Ordinance (1933); common in agriculture, transport, and housing; registered with the Registrar of Cooperatives. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                                                                              |
| Non-Profit Association (עמותה)                                      | Amuta          | Membership-based nonprofit requiring two or more founders and a non-commercial purpose; registered with the Registrar of Associations (Rasham Ha'amutot) under the Associations Law 5740-1980. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                                               |
| Public Benefit Company (חברה לתועלת הציבור)                         | Chalatz        | A company incorporated under the Companies Law 5759-1999 whose purpose falls within one of the thirteen statutory public-benefit categories; profits may not be distributed; registered with Rasham HaHavarot and supervised by the Registrar of Endowments. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)). |
| Foreign Company Branch (סניף חברה זרה)                              | —              | A foreign company registered to carry on business in Israel; must appoint an Israeli resident agent to receive legal notices; registered with Rasham HaHavarot under Part Ten of the Companies Law 5759-1999. Equivalent to a US Branch or Representative Office.                                                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Teudat Hit'asedut                                                              |
| Constitutive Documents | Takanon                                                                        |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Ishur Nirshum Mas + VAT Registration Certificate (Osek Murshe) |
| Operating Permit       | Rishyon Isuk                                                                   |
| Ownership Records      | Nusach Rasham HaHavarot                                                        |
| Governance Records     | Nusach Rasham HaHavarot                                                        |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution (Hachlata Direktorion)                                        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* חוזה שכירות · חשבון חשמל / מים · דף חשבון בנק                    |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                             | Proves                                             |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| **Teudat Hit'asedut (Certificate of Incorporation)**                 | Legal Registration                                 |
| **Takanon (Articles of Association)**                                | Constitutive Documents                             |
| **Ishur Nirshum Mas**                                                | Tax Registration                                   |
| **VAT Registration Certificate (Osek Murshe)**                       | Tax Registration                                   |
| **Rishyon Isuk (Business License)**                                  | Operating Permit                                   |
| **Nusach Rasham HaHavarot (Registry Extract, shareholders section)** | Ownership Records, Governance Records              |
| **Board Resolution (Hachlata Direktorion)**                          | Signing Authority                                  |
| **חוזה שכירות**                                                      | Address                                            |
| **חשבון חשמל / מים (עד 90 ימים)**                                    | Address                                            |
| **דף חשבון בנק (עד 90 ימים)**                                        | Address                                            |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                          | Bank of Israel License, ISA License, CMISA License |

**Not applicable in Israel:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Rasham HaHavarot; includes 9-digit company number and incorporation date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Since Companies Law 5759-1999, the Takanon is the sole constitutional document (the former Tazkir / Memorandum was abolished for new companies).
* **Tax Registration:** Multi-ID system; collect both. VAT number for corporations matches the 9-digit company number.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local municipality under Business Licensing Law 5728-1968; renewed annually; not all business types require it.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banks, payment service providers, insurance, securities dealers, pension funds.
* **Ownership Records:** Extract from Rasham HaHavarot lists shareholders of record, including nominee/trust declarations required since the 2021 Companies Regulations amendment.
* **Governance Records:** Lists current directors (Vaad Menahel / ועד מנהל); available via Rasham HaHavarot portal.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution is the standard instrument; POA (Yipui Koach) for designated signatories. Israel is a Hague Apostille Convention signatory.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                       | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                          |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director (Direktor / דירקטור)                                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board (Vaad Menahel); governance role under Companies Law 5759-1999.   |
| External Director (Direktor Chitzon / דירקטור חיצוני)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Mandatory for public companies; independent board member with statutory protections. |
| CEO / General Manager (Menahel Klali / מנהל כללי)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer with day-to-day management authority; appointed by board.          |
| Authorized Signatory / POA Holder (Mekhushe Koach / מוסמך חתימה) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized by board resolution or notarized POA to legally bind the company.  |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                            | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                  |
| -------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Israeli resident agent details` | founder    | Foreign company branch must designate an Israeli resident to receive legal notices (Companies Law 5759-1999, Part Ten). |

## Notes

* Dual-ID tax complexity. Every Israeli company has separate income tax (Tik Niukim) and VAT (Osek Murshe) registrations with the ITA — they are distinct certificates. The VAT number for incorporated companies matches the 9-digit company number; always collect both certificates.
* Registry extract is in Hebrew; English optional. The Rasham HaHavarot portal and underlying documents are primarily in Hebrew; obtain certified translations for KYB where required.
* Takanon replaces Memorandum for post-1999 companies. The Companies Law 5759-1999 abolished the Memorandum of Association (Tazkir) as a separate document for new companies; the Articles (Takanon) is the sole constitutional document. Pre-1999 entities may still have both; check incorporation date.


# Italy
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/italy

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Italy (ITA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                            |
| ------------ | -------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                           |
| ISO 3166-1   | IT / ITA                         |
| Registry     | Camera di Commercio (provincial) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Italy and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                            | Issuer                           |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Codice Fiscale (CF) / Partita IVA** | Agenzia delle Entrate            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numero REA**                        | Camera di Commercio (provincial) |

*Tax ID:* 11-digit numeric for entities; Partita IVA equals CF for most companies; EU VAT = "IT" + 11-digit Partita IVA.

*Registration number:* Provincial code + progressive number (e.g., MI-1234567); appears on the Visura Camerale.

## Sector regulators

`Banca d'Italia` · `CONSOB` · `IVASS` · `AGCOM` · `Agenzia delle Entrate`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Società a Responsabilità Limitata     | S.r.l.       | Most common Italian limited-liability company; quota-based capital with minimum €10,000; governed by Codice Civile art. 2463 ff. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                      |
| S.r.l. Semplificata                   | S.r.l.s.     | Simplified limited-liability company with €1 minimum capital; restricted to natural-person quotaholders; standard-form articles mandated by law. Equivalent to a US SMLLC.                                                                                                    |
| Società per Azioni                    | S.p.A.       | Joint-stock company with minimum capital of €50,000; transferable shares; mandatory board structure; used for larger private firms and listed entities. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                            |
| Società in Accomandita per Azioni     | S.A.P.A.     | Share-capital hybrid company with at least one unlimited-liability general partner (accomandatario) and share-capital investors (accomandanti); minimum capital €50,000; shares are transferable. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                  |
| Società in Nome Collettivo            | S.n.c.       | General partnership; all partners bear joint and several unlimited liability for the company's obligations; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                           |
| Società in Accomandita Semplice       | S.a.s.       | Limited partnership with at least one unlimited-liability general partner (accomandatario) and one or more limited partners (accomandanti) whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                           |
| Ditta Individuale                     | —            | Sole proprietorship operated by a single natural person under their own name or a trade name; owner bears unlimited personal liability; no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                |
| Società Cooperativa                   | S.C.         | Member-owned cooperative with variable capital and the principle of equal voting rights (one head, one vote); may be à responsabilità limitata or illimitata; governed by Codice Civile art. 2511 ff. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                         |
| Consorzio                             | —            | Contractual or incorporated grouping of independent businesses sharing infrastructure or activities for a common commercial purpose; commercially active consorzi register in the Registro delle Imprese. Closest US equivalent: contractual joint venture or business trust. |
| Gruppo Europeo di Interesse Economico | G.E.I.E.     | EU-law cross-border grouping (Reg. 2137/85) enabling coordinated economic activity between members from at least two EU states; ancillary purpose only, may not make profits for itself. Closest US equivalent: contractual joint venture.                                    |
| Sede Secondaria di Società Estera     | —            | Registered secondary establishment (branch) of a foreign company operating in Italy; no separate legal personality; the foreign parent bears full liability. Equivalent to a US Branch or Representative Office.                                                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                            |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Visura Camerale                                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | Atto Costitutivo e Statuto                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Codice Fiscale · Partita IVA certificate                      |
| Operating Permit       | SCIA                                                                        |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Libro Soci + Visura Camerale                                |
| Governance Records     | Visura Camerale                                                             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Delibera del CdA o dell'Assemblea dei Soci · Procura Notarile |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contratto di Locazione · Bolletta · Estratto Conto Bancario   |
| Good Standing          | Certificato di Vigenza                                                      |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                               | Proves                                                    |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Visura Camerale**                                    | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Atto Costitutivo e Statuto**                         | Constitutive Documents                                    |
| **Codice Fiscale**                                     | Tax Registration                                          |
| **Partita IVA certificate**                            | Tax Registration                                          |
| **SCIA (Segnalazione Certificata di Inizio Attività)** | Operating Permit                                          |
| **Libro Soci**                                         | Ownership Records                                         |
| **Delibera del CdA o dell'Assemblea dei Soci**         | Signing Authority                                         |
| **Procura Notarile**                                   | Signing Authority                                         |
| **Contratto di Locazione**                             | Address                                                   |
| **Bolletta (≤90 giorni)**                              | Address                                                   |
| **Estratto Conto Bancario (≤90 giorni)**               | Address                                                   |
| **Certificato di Vigenza (Camera di Commercio)**       | Good Standing                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                            | Sector-specific authorization                             |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Extract from Registro delle Imprese; available at registroimprese.it; confirm "ordinaria" (full) version, not certificato di iscrizione only.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarized deed + attached bylaws; both required; art. 2463 c.c. (S.r.l.) / art. 2328 c.c. (S.p.A.).
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Agenzia delle Entrate; CF = Partita IVA for most entities; EU VAT certificate also acceptable.
* **Operating Permit:** Filed with local municipality under Law 241/1990 art. 19; some sectors require prior municipal autorizzazione instead of SCIA.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banca d'Italia (banking, payment institutions), CONSOB (investment firms), IVASS (insurance), AGCOM (telecom).
* **Ownership Records:** Collect the Libro Soci from S.r.l. entities and the Visura Camerale Ordinaria for all entity types. The Visura lists current quotaholders (S.r.l.) and directors; for S.p.A. with dematerialized shares the shareholder register is held by the intermediary bank.
* **Governance Records:** Directors, sole administrators, CdA members listed with appointment dates; Sindaci listed separately.
* **Signing Authority:** Board/shareholders resolution or notarized power of attorney; must identify signatory and scope of authority.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the provincial Camera di Commercio from the Registro delle Imprese via registroimprese.it; certifies the company is regularly registered and not subject to insolvency procedures (bankruptcy, liquidation, preventive arrangement, controlled administration). Statutory validity 6 months from issuance, but banks typically require issuance within 30-90 days. Distinct from the Visura Camerale which is a data extract.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Amministratore Unico                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole director of S.r.l.; full executive and legal-representation authority.                |
| Amministratore Delegato (AD)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | CEO/Managing Director; board delegate with day-to-day executive authority.                 |
| Consigliere di Amministrazione (CdA member) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board of directors member without individual executive delegation.                         |
| Presidente del CdA                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the board of directors; governance not operations unless also AD.                 |
| Rappresentante Legale                       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person registered as legal representative; often the Amministratore Unico or AD.           |
| Procuratore / Mandatario                    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized power of attorney (procura) to act on behalf of the entity.            |
| Liquidatore                                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Liquidator appointed during winding-up; operational authority limited to liquidation acts. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                 | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                           |
| --------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `Codice Fiscale (CF)` | shareholder | Italian registry practice and AML CDD (D.Lgs. 231/2007 art. 19) require CF per natural-person shareholder/quotaholder for identity verification. |
| `Codice Fiscale (CF)` | founder     | Atto Costitutivo must identify each incorporator by CF under art. 2463 c.c.; required at onboarding to cross-check formation deed.               |

## Notes

* CF equals Partita IVA for most companies, but check: Ditte Individuali use the owner's personal 16-character alphanumeric CF, not an 11-digit entity CF — these are structurally different and must be handled separately.
* Visura Camerale versioning: Request the "Visura Ordinaria" (full extract), not the "Visura di Evasione" or certificate of inscription only — the latter omits directors and shareholders detail needed for KYB.
* S.r.l.s. capital floor: Capitalized at €1 minimum; confirm paid-in capital is not a disqualifying factor for your product's minimum-capital risk criteria.


# Jamaica
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/jamaica

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Jamaica (JAM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                             |
| ------------ | --------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | JM / JAM                          |
| Registry     | Companies Office of Jamaica (COJ) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Jamaica and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name         | Issuer                            |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------ | --------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TRN**            | Tax Administration Jamaica (TAJ)  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Number** | Companies Office of Jamaica (COJ) |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit number (XXX-XXX-XXX); first digit "0" for organizations. Issued on a TRN Registration Certificate and Data Sheet.

*Registration number:* Numeric identifier assigned by the Registrar at incorporation; appears on Certificate of Incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`BOJ` · `FSC` · `FID`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | Closely-held share-capital company; shares are not freely transferable and the company may not offer shares to the public. The default SME and subsidiary vehicle in Jamaica. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                |
| Public Limited Company            | PLC          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public and listed on the Jamaica Stock Exchange; minimum three directors and mandatory audited financials. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                       |
| Unlimited Company                 | —            | Incorporated company with no limit on members' liability; used primarily for tax-planning structures or holding vehicles. Recognized under the Companies Act 2004. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (without liability cap).                            |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | Non-share company where members guarantee a nominal sum on winding up; used for charities, NGOs, professional associations, and clubs. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                 |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; registered under the Registration of Business Names Act. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                       |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; formed under the Partnerships (Limited) Act. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                 |
| Sole Trader                       | —            | A single natural person carrying on business; no separate legal entity. Must register a trading/business name under the Registration of Business Names Act if using a name other than their own surname. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.     |
| Cooperative Society               | —            | Member-owned autonomous association registered under the Co-operative Societies Act and supervised by the Department of Co-operatives and Friendly Societies; common in agriculture, credit, and housing. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.        |
| Branch of a Foreign Company       | —            | A foreign corporation conducting business in Jamaica through a registered branch; must register with the Companies Office of Jamaica and file annual returns. Not a separate legal entity from the parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation                                     |
| Tax Registration       | TRN Registration Certificate                                  |
| Operating Permit       | Trade Licence                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                           |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Letter of Good Standing                                       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                            | Proves                                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                  |
| **Articles of Incorporation (Form 1A profit / Form 1B non-profit)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                              |
| **TRN Registration Certificate**                                    | Tax Registration                                                                                                                    |
| **Trade Licence**                                                   | Operating Permit                                                                                                                    |
| **Register of Members**                                             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                   |
| **Register of Directors (Form 23, COJ)**                            | Governance Records                                                                                                                  |
| **Board Resolution**                                                | Signing Authority                                                                                                                   |
| **Power of Attorney**                                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                   |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                 | Address                                                                                                                             |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                     | Address                                                                                                                             |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                   | Address                                                                                                                             |
| **Letter of Good Standing**                                         | Good Standing                                                                                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                         | Bank of Jamaica Licence (Banking Services Act / Securities Act), FSC Licence (Financial Services Commission — securities/insurance) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by COJ within \~4 working days; contains company name, number, and date of incorporation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Replaced dual Memorandum + Articles structure under Companies Act 2004; filed at COJ on incorporation.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by TAJ; 9-digit TRN; businesses also receive NHT, NIS, and HEART numbers simultaneously.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued annually by the Collector of Taxes at parish level under the Licences on Trades and Business Act (1908).
* **Sector-Specific License:** BOJ for banks, payment services, cambios, remittance; FSC for securities dealers, insurers, pension administrators, trust/corporate service providers.
* **Ownership Records:** The Register of Members records all current shareholders and their shareholdings. Changes must be notified to COJ. The register is not publicly searchable.
* **Governance Records:** Changes in directors must be notified to COJ within 14 days; 2023 amendments require incoming directors to disclose other directorships held.
* **Signing Authority:** POA must be executed before a justice of the peace (in Jamaica) or notary public (abroad); company may empower attorneys under its common seal (Companies Act 2004).
* **Address:** Lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Companies Office of Jamaica (COJ); certifies the company is current with its filing requirements and has not been struck off. Available online via the COJ portal; printed on security paper with QR code and unique certificate reference number. Can be apostilled.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                 |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage day-to-day affairs; filed on Form 23.                   |
| Chairman of the Board         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over board; governance role distinct from executive management.    |
| Attorney / Agent (POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorised under board resolution or power of attorney to bind the company. |

## Notes

* Jamaica acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention on 2 November 2020; Convention entered into force for Jamaica on 3 July 2021 — apostilles are now valid in lieu of full consular legalisation.
* Corporate and trust service providers must hold an FSC licence under the Trust and Corporate Services Providers Act 2017; only licensed persons may commercially provide incorporation services.


# Japan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/japan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Japan (JPN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                    |
| ------------ | ------------------------ |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific             |
| ISO 3166-1   | JP / JPN                 |
| Registry     | MOJ Legal Affairs Bureau |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06               |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Japan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                   |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **法人番号**   | NTA                      |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **会社登記番号** | MOJ Legal Affairs Bureau |

*Tax ID:* 13-digit identifier; designated by NTA Commissioner; public; searchable at houjin-bangou.nta.go.jp. Primary cross-agency identifier.

*Registration number:* 12 digits; appears on Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho; separate from Corporate Number.

## Sector regulators

`FSA` · `Bank of Japan` · `METI` · `MIC` · `PPC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ----------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Kabushiki Kaisha (株式会社)       | KK           | Joint-stock company; shares issued to shareholders whose liability is limited to their investment; dominant commercial form for larger enterprises and public companies. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                     |
| Gōdō Kaisha (合同会社)            | GK           | Member-managed limited liability company introduced by the 2005 Companies Act; no mandatory board or public financial disclosure; preferred SME and startup vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                            |
| Tokurei Yūgen Kaisha (特例有限会社) | YK           | Legacy limited company grandfathered under the 2005 Companies Act reform; no new formations permitted since 2006, but existing entities continue to operate and remain registrable for KYB purposes. Closest US equivalent: LLC.        |
| Gōmei Kaisha (合名会社)           | —            | General partnership company in which all partners bear unlimited personal liability for company debts; rare in practice. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                   |
| Gōshi Kaisha (合資会社)           | —            | Limited partnership company with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner liable only up to their capital contribution; rare in practice. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Kojin Jigyo (個人事業主)           | —            | Sole proprietorship operated by a single natural person; not a separate legal entity; registered via Business Opening Notification (開業届) filed with the local tax office. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                       |
| Branch (外国会社支店)               | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company; not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent; a Japan-resident representative is mandatory under Companies Act Art. 817. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                      |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | Teikan                                                |
| Tax Registration       | Hōjin Bangō Certificate                               |
| Ownership Records      | Kabunushi Meibo                                       |
| Governance Records     | Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho                                   |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Inkan Shōmeisho + Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho |
| Address                | *Any one of:* 賃貸借契約書 · 公共料金請求書 · 銀行明細書                |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                          | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| --------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho**           | Legal Registration, Governance Records, Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Teikan**                        | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Hōjin Bangō Certificate (NTA)** | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Kabunushi Meibo**               | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Inkan Shōmeisho**               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **賃貸借契約書**                        | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **公共料金請求書 (直近90日以内)**             | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **銀行明細書 (直近90日以内)**               | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**       | FSA Banking Licence (Banking Act / 銀行業免許), FSA Payment Services Act Registration (funds-transfer / prepaid / crypto-asset exchange), FSA FIEO Registration (FIEA — 金融商品取引業者), FSA Insurance Business Licence (Insurance Business Act), PPC APPI Registration (Personal Information Protection Commission) |

**Not applicable in Japan:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Legal Affairs Bureau; order online via MOJ e-registration portal or in person.
* **Constitutive Documents:** KK: notarised by MOJ kōshōnin (Companies Act Art. 30). GK: self-attested, notarisation not required.
* **Tax Registration:** 13-digit Corporate Number; downloadable from houjin-bangou.nta.go.jp; also accept Nōzei Shōmeisho (納税証明書) as proof of tax payment.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific authorisation under statute — FSA registrations under the Banking Act, the Insurance Business Act, the Payment Services Act (funds-transfer / prepaid / crypto-asset exchange providers), and the FIEA Financial Instruments Business Operator regime; PPC registrations under the APPI for data-handling businesses. Collect only the licence(s) applicable to the customer's regulated activity.
* **Governance Records:** Directors and rep-director listed on the extract; as of 2024-10-01 residential addresses may be partially redacted to prefecture/ward level.
* **Signing Authority:** Bundle: Inkan Shōmeisho certifies rep-director's registered seal + Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho confirms appointment; add board resolution for non-routine transactions.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Daihyō Torishimari-yaku (代表取締役) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | KK rep-director; legally binds the company; registered in Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho. |
| Torishimari-yaku (取締役)          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | KK board director; governance/oversight role.                                  |
| Daihyō Shain (代表社員)             | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | GK representative member; legally binds the company.                           |
| Gyōmu Shikkō Shain (業務執行社員)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | GK business-execution member; day-to-day operations.                           |

## Notes

* Inkan Shōmeisho is the primary signing-authority instrument. Common-law-trained integrators default to a board resolution alone; in Japan, the Inkan Shōmeisho authenticates the rep-director's registered seal. Always collect it alongside the Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho.
* KK and GK Teikan notarisation differ. KK Teikan requires MOJ notary (kōshōnin) per Companies Act Art. 30; GK Teikan is self-attested. Requesting a notarised GK Teikan will cause processing delays.
* Director address redaction (eff. 2024-10-01). MOJ amended Commercial Registration Regulations; KK representative directors may now apply to show only prefecture/ward on the registry extract, not full street address. Verify via direct CDD if precise address is required.


# Jersey
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/jersey

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Jersey (JEY) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Europe                                                                               |
| ISO 3166-1   | JE / JEY                                                                             |
| Registry     | [Jersey Financial Services Commission Registry](https://www.jerseyfsc.org/registry/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Jersey and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                        |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Reference Number**        | Revenue Jersey (Comptroller of Revenue)       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Jersey Financial Services Commission Registry |

*Tax ID:* Alphanumeric identifier issued by the Comptroller of Revenue under the Income Tax (Jersey) Law 1961. Company references begin with the letter 'C'; partnership references begin with 'D' or 'E'. Older format: two letters + up to five digits (e.g. CC00000). Current issuances are 10-digit numbers. Jersey levies income tax at 0% on most companies (standard rate); regulated financial services entities (banks, trust companies, fund managers) pay 10%; utility companies pay 20%; large corporate retailers (≥£2M retail sales to Jersey residents comprising ≥60% of trading turnover) pay 0–20% on a sliding scale based on taxable profits (0% below £500K, 20% at £750K+). Constituent entities of MNE groups with consolidated annual revenue ≥€750M are additionally subject to 15% Multinational Corporate Income Tax (MCIT) under the Multinational Corporate Income Tax (Jersey) Law 2025 for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2025; those entities must hold a Jersey TIN and register via pillartwo.tax.gov.je. No VAT or GST equivalent applies to B2B transactions below the Jersey GST threshold; where turnover from taxable supplies exceeds £300,000 per year, a 5% GST registration is required (7-digit GST number issued by the Comptroller of Revenue). The tax reference number appears on Revenue Jersey correspondence and annual tax returns; no separate standalone tax certificate is routinely issued.

*Registration number:* Numeric identifier allocated by the JFSC Registry at incorporation under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991. Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all Registry filings. Partnerships use a separate numeric series allocated at registration. No standard prefix convention is publicly specified; the number is referenced on all Registry-issued documents.

## Sector regulators

`Jersey Financial Services Commission (JFSC)` · `Revenue Jersey (Comptroller of Revenue)` · `Jersey Financial Intelligence Unit (JFIU)` · `Jersey Gambling Commission`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Company Limited by Shares (Par Value)    | Ltd          | The most common Jersey corporate vehicle for closely-held businesses; incorporated under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991; shares have a nominal (par) value; members' liability limited to unpaid share amounts; maximum 30 members unless the JFSC directs otherwise; separate share capital and share premium accounts maintained; widely used for trading companies, group subsidiaries, and holding vehicles. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Private Company Limited by Shares (No Par Value) | Ltd          | Incorporated under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991; shares carry no nominal value; proceeds of share issuance credited to a stated capital account; offers greater flexibility for redemptions and capital restructuring; popular for fund vehicles, joint ventures, and structures requiring frequently changing membership. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Public Company                                   | plc          | Incorporated under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991; designated as public in its memorandum; may have 30 or more members and may offer shares to the public; requires two subscribers at incorporation; must file audited accounts annually within seven months of the financial year end; eligible for listing on The International Stock Exchange (TISE) and other exchanges. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Company Limited by Guarantee                     | —            | Incorporated under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991; no share capital; members' liability limited to the amount of their guarantee on winding up; used for charities, associations, non-profit bodies, and entities where profit distribution to members is not intended. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Unlimited Company                                | —            | Incorporated under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991; members bear unlimited personal liability for the company's debts; similar to a partnership in liability profile but with separate legal personality; exempt from share capital maintenance rules; used in specific international tax-planning and cross-border regulatory structures where unlimited liability is commercially or fiscally advantageous. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (with unlimited shareholder liability).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Protected Cell Company                           | PCC          | Incorporated under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 Part 18D; a single legal entity within which the Memorandum may create any number of cells; each cell's assets and liabilities are statutorily ring-fenced from the core and from other cells; cells are not separate legal entities; widely used for umbrella investment funds, captive insurance, and structured finance vehicles. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Incorporated Cell Company                        | ICC          | Incorporated under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 Part 18D; a parent entity that can create incorporated cells each with its own separate legal personality and individual registration; cells cannot act independently of the ICC; used in investment funds and insurance where compartmentalisation with distinct legal personality is required. Closest US equivalent: holding company with wholly-owned subsidiaries (each a separate legal entity).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Limited Partnership                              | LP           | Registered under the Limited Partnerships (Jersey) Law 1994; at least one general partner with unlimited liability managing the partnership and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; no separate legal personality — the LP is not a body corporate; tax-transparent; widely used for private equity and venture capital fund structures. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Separate Limited Partnership                     | SLP          | Registered under the Separate Limited Partnerships (Jersey) Law 2011; possesses legal personality separate from its partners but is not a body corporate (i.e. not incorporated); can enter contracts, hold property, and litigate in its own name; tax-transparent; used for investment vehicles, private equity structures, and family office arrangements. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP) with enhanced legal standing.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Incorporated Limited Partnership                 | ILP          | Registered under the Incorporated Limited Partnerships (Jersey) Law 2011; a body corporate with full legal personality and perpetual succession; general partners retain unlimited liability; limited partners' liability capped at their capital contribution; tax-transparent for Jersey income tax purposes; used for cross-border fund structures and international transactions requiring the partnership to hold assets independently. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP) structured as a body corporate.                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Limited Liability Partnership                    | LLP          | Registered under the Limited Liability Partnerships (Jersey) Law 2017; separate legal personality (not a body corporate); each partner's liability limited to the amount of their interest in the LLP; all partners may participate in management without losing liability protection; must have at least two profit-oriented partners; used by professional services firms (law, accountancy, consultancy). Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Foundation                                       | —            | Established under the Foundations (Jersey) Law 2009; a separate legal person with no shareholders or members; managed by a council (analogous to directors); funded by endowment from a founder; may pursue charitable or non-charitable purposes; cannot directly hold Jersey immovable property; commercial activity must be incidental to its objects; must have a qualified member who is a JFSC-licensed trust company business provider (Class OA); registered with the JFSC Registry and issued a Certificate of Establishment. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or business trust.                                                                                                                   |
| Limited Liability Company                        | LLC          | Registered under the Limited Liability Companies (Jersey) Law 2018 (in force 1 September 2022); modelled on the Delaware LLC Act; a hybrid vehicle with limited liability of all members and flexibility in management and profit allocation similar to a partnership; separate legal personality (optionally a body corporate from 14 February 2023); may elect to be tax-transparent or opaque (equivalent to a US check-the-box election); may be formed with a sole member; governed by a written LLC agreement; used primarily for US-facing investment funds, private equity vehicles, general partner entities, carried interest distribution vehicles, and financing transactions. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Sole Trader                                      | —            | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal personality; no mandatory registration with the JFSC Registry if trading in the individual's own legal name; if trading under a different business name, a business name registration is required with the JFSC Registry; income taxed under the Income Tax (Jersey) Law 1961; unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Branch of Foreign Company                        | —            | A foreign-incorporated entity that establishes a place of business or branch in Jersey; must register with the JFSC Registry under Part 18C of the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 and may require COBO (Control of Borrowing) consent and JFSC regulatory authorisation for regulated activities; not a separate Jersey legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; must maintain a resident agent in Jersey. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch/representative office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                            |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Establishment                 |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Memorandum and Articles of Association + Foundation Charter and Regulations |
| Tax Registration       | Revenue Jersey Tax Reference Number Letter *(optional: GST Registration Certificate)*       |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                         |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors *(optional: JFSC Registry Company Search Report)*                     |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                               |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                            | Proves                                                                                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Certificate of Establishment (Foundation)**       | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**          | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                             |
| **Foundation Charter and Regulations**              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                             |
| **Revenue Jersey TRN Notification**                 | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Goods and Services Tax Registration Certificate** | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Register of Members**                             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Register of Directors**                           | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                 |
| **JFSC Registry Company Search Report**             | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution**                                | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Power of Attorney**                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Lease Agreement**                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                     | Address                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                   | Address                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                    | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                         | JFSC Banking Licence, JFSC Financial Services (Jersey) Law Registration, JFSC Insurance Licence, JFSC Money Services Business Registration, JFSC VASP Registration |

**Not applicable in Jersey:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the JFSC Registry upon incorporation under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991. States the company name, company registration number, date of incorporation, and company type (public/private, par value/no par value/guarantee). Constitutes conclusive evidence of incorporation. Electronic certificates are available via the myRegistry portal; certified paper copies and apostilled versions are available through the Registry or licensed intermediaries. For foundations, the equivalent is a Certificate of Establishment.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The constitutive document for Jersey companies under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991; called 'Memorandum and Articles of Association' (consistent with UK/Channel Islands practice). The memorandum states the company name, whether public or private, company type (par value / no par value / guarantee), member liability, and registered office. The articles govern internal management and shareholder rights. Uploaded as a single PDF (including signed subscriber pages) to the JFSC Registry at incorporation and publicly available. For LLPs, the equivalent is a partnership agreement (not public). For foundations, the Charter and Regulations serve as the constitutive document.
* **Tax Registration:** Jersey has no VAT at the standard rate for most business-to-business transactions. Revenue Jersey issues a Tax Reference Number (TRN) to all Jersey-incorporated companies and registered entities; the TRN appears on Revenue Jersey correspondence and tax returns. No standalone tax certificate document is routinely issued — the TRN notification letter serves as the tax registration evidence. Companies whose taxable supplies to Jersey-resident non-business customers exceed £300,000 per year must also register for GST (5%); a 7-digit GST registration number is then issued by the Comptroller of Revenue and printed on the GST certificate.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Jersey Financial Services Commission (JFSC) supervises banking (Banking Business (Jersey) Law 1991), investment business (Financial Services (Jersey) Law 1998), trust and company service providers (Financial Services (Jersey) Law 1998), fund services business (Financial Services (Jersey) Law 1998), insurance (Insurance Business (Jersey) Law 1996), money services business (Financial Services (Jersey) Law 1998), and virtual asset service providers. The JFSC Register of regulated entities is publicly searchable at jerseyfsc.org. COBO (Control of Borrowing (Jersey) Order 1958) consent is required for certain capital-raising activities by all Jersey entities. The Jersey Financial Intelligence Unit (JFIU) oversees AML/CFT compliance under the Proceeds of Crime (Jersey) Law 1999.
* **Governance Records:** Every Jersey company must maintain a Register of Directors under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991. Director names, addresses, and appointment dates must be notified to the JFSC Registry within 21 days of any change. Director information is held at the registered office; a Registry search (via the myRegistry portal at jerseyfsc.org) returns company status and significant persons for public searches. The annual confirmation submitted to the JFSC Registry confirms current directors and secretaries.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory form prescribed under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991. A written board resolution passed by the directors is the standard mechanism to authorise a specific signatory or attorney. Powers of attorney must be executed in accordance with Jersey law; for real property transactions a notarial act before the Royal Court is required, but for general commercial authority a company-signed and sealed (or two-director executed) document suffices. Special resolutions require approval by not less than two-thirds of votes cast with 15 days' notice.
* **Address:** Conduit accepts a signed lease (no time limit), utility bill, or bank statement dated within 90 days as proof of registered or operating address. The same document satisfies both registered-address and principal-place-of-business checks. Jersey utility providers include Jersey Electricity, Jersey Water, and JT (Jersey Telecom).
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the JFSC Registry; certifies that the company is incorporated and registered in Jersey, has completed all required annual confirmations and filed accounts where applicable, maintains a valid registered office, and is in good standing with the Registry. Available for all active entities that have completed all required prior-year annual returns and submitted accounts where relevant. Features an authentication ID that can be validated online. Certified paper copies and apostilled versions are available through licensed intermediaries (e.g. System Day). The certificate is issued in English.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with executive authority to manage the company; named in the Register of Directors and notified to the JFSC Registry; at least one director required; changes must be notified within 21 days under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991. |
| Council Member (Foundation) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance officer of a Jersey Foundation under the Foundations (Jersey) Law 2009; manages the foundation in accordance with its Charter and Regulations; functionally equivalent to a company director.                                               |
| General Partner             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | In a Limited Partnership, SLP, or ILP: bears unlimited liability for the partnership's debts; manages the partnership; named in the partnership declaration filed with the JFSC Registry.                                                              |
| Authorised Signatory        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person empowered by board resolution or power of attorney to bind and sign on behalf of the company; no statutory form prescribed under Jersey law.                                                                                            |

## Notes

* Jersey is a Crown Dependency of the British Crown, not part of the UK or the European Union. It has its own legislation, courts (Royal Court of Jersey), and regulatory framework. All documents are in English.
* The JFSC acts as both the financial services regulator and the companies registry — unlike most jurisdictions where these functions are separate. The myRegistry portal (jerseyfsc.org/myregistry) is the primary interface for company searches, annual confirmations, document orders, and certificate requests.
* Jersey has no VAT or equivalent goods-and-services tax on most B2B transactions. A 5% GST applies to supplies of goods and services to Jersey-resident non-business customers where the supplier's annual value of such supplies exceeds £300,000. Standard corporate income tax rate is 0%; regulated financial services entities pay 10%; utility companies and qualifying large retail/property businesses pay 20%.
* Cell companies (PCC and ICC) are extensively used in Jersey's funds and insurance sectors. Each incorporated cell of an ICC has its own company registration number from the JFSC Registry.
* Foundations must be established via a qualified member who holds a JFSC Class OA trust company business licence. The JFSC issues a Certificate of Establishment (not a Certificate of Incorporation) upon registration of a foundation.
* New company registrations require COBO (Control of Borrowing (Jersey) Order 1958) consent in addition to the JFSC Registry application; applications are submitted simultaneously through the myRegistry portal. The Control of Borrowing (Jersey) Amendment Order 2026 has streamlined certain COBO consent requirements.
* Jersey is on the FATF 'white list' (mutual evaluation last completed 2024) and the OECD Inclusive Framework. Jersey has enacted Pillar Two legislation effective 1 January 2025: the Multinational Corporate Income Tax (Jersey) Law 2025 (MCIT) and the Multinational Taxation (Global Anti-Base Erosion – IIR Tax) (Jersey) Law 2025. These impose a 15% effective minimum tax rate on constituent entities of MNE groups with consolidated annual revenue ≥€750M in at least two of the four preceding fiscal years. The MCIT is a corporate income tax modelled on the GloBE rules and operates alongside the existing 0/10/20 regime; it is not a Qualified Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax (QDMTT). Jersey was granted OECD transitional qualified status for its IIR in August 2025. In-scope MNE groups must register all Jersey constituent entities — each of which requires a Jersey TIN — via pillartwo.tax.gov.je before the end of their first in-scope fiscal year. Filing deadlines are 12 months after fiscal year-end for MCIT and 15 months for IIR returns (18 months for the initial year).


# Jordan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/jordan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Jordan (JOR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                              |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)       |
| ISO 3166-1   | JO / JOR                           |
| Registry     | Companies Control Department (CCD) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Jordan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                                 |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**    | Income and Sales Tax Department (ISTD) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CRN**    | Companies Control Department (CCD)     |

*Tax ID:* Numeric; issued on registration with ISTD; appears on the Tax Registration Certificate. Separate GST certificate required if annual turnover exceeds JOD 75,000 (standard goods), JOD 30,000 (services), or JOD 10,000 (SST goods).

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation; appears on the Commercial Registration Certificate; searchable via CCD e-services portal (Arabic interface).

## Sector regulators

`CBJ` · `JSC` · `AMLU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                    | Abbreviation   | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ----------------------------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Limited Liability Company     | LLC / ذ.م.م    | Quota-based private company with 2–50 shareholders; minimum capital JOD 1; managed by a manager or management committee; members' liability limited to their capital contribution. The dominant SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                         |
| Private Shareholding Company  | Pvt SC / ش.م.خ | Closely-held share-capital company with minimum 2 shareholders and JOD 50,000 paid-in capital; shares not publicly traded; governed by an elected board of directors. Used for larger private ventures. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (private).                                                                 |
| Public Shareholding Company   | PSC / ش.م.ع    | Publicly listed share-capital company; minimum 5 founders; governed by an elected board; subject to Jordan Securities Commission oversight and can list on the Amman Stock Exchange. Equivalent to a US public C-Corp.                                                                                       |
| General Partnership           | GP / ش.ت.ع     | Two or more partners who are jointly and severally liable for all debts of the partnership; registered with the CCD. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                                                 |
| Limited Partnership           | LP / ش.ت.م     | At least one general partner with unlimited joint liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; limited partners may not manage the firm. Registered with the CCD. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                        |
| Limited Partnership in Shares | LPS / ش.ت.أ    | Hybrid entity under Jordan Companies Law Art. 50–60: one or more general partners with unlimited liability plus share-capital tranches held by limited partners as transferable shares; the general partner manages. Uncommon but registrable with the CCD. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Civil Company                 | CC / ش.م       | Partnership-style entity reserved for licensed professionals (lawyers, doctors, engineers, accountants) who wish to practice jointly; partners bear unlimited liability; registered with the CCD under Jordan Companies Law. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (professional partnership).          |
| Sole Proprietorship           | —              | Individual trader operating under their own name or a registered trade name; registered with the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Supply (not the CCD Companies Law); the proprietor bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                              |
| Non-Profit Company            | NPC / ش.غ.ر    | Separate legal-personality company registered with the CCD whose objects are non-commercial (charitable, cultural, scientific); no profit distribution to members. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                                                                 |
| Foreign Company Branch        | —              | A branch of a foreign-incorporated company licensed to carry out commercial activities in Jordan; registered with the CCD as a 'working foreign company'; the parent bears full liability for branch obligations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                  |
| Representative Office         | —              | A non-commercial presence of a foreign company registered with the CCD as a 'non-working foreign company'; may promote the parent and conduct market research but cannot enter into revenue-generating contracts. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                           |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Commercial Registration Certificate                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                       |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Vocational License                                                         |
| Ownership Records      | CCD Company Extract                                                        |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* CCD Extract — Management Committee · Board of Directors List |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution or Notarized Power of Attorney                            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* عقد إيجار · فاتورة خدمات · كشف حساب بنكي                     |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                               | Proves                                      |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| **Commercial Registration Certificate (CCD)**                          | Legal Registration                          |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (عقد التأسيس والنظام الأساسي)** | Constitutive Documents                      |
| **Tax Registration Certificate (ISTD TIN Certificate)**                | Tax Registration                            |
| **Vocational License (رخصة مهنية)**                                    | Operating Permit                            |
| **CCD Company Extract**                                                | Ownership Records                           |
| **CCD Extract — Management Committee**                                 | Governance Records                          |
| **Board of Directors List**                                            | Governance Records                          |
| **Board Resolution or Notarized Power of Attorney**                    | Signing Authority                           |
| **عقد إيجار**                                                          | Address                                     |
| **فاتورة خدمات (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                       | Address                                     |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                      | Address                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                            | CBJ License, JSC License, Insurance License |

**Not applicable in Jordan:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by CCD at incorporation; renewed annually; primary proof of legal existence.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Submitted to and certified by CCD; standard-form for LLCs; filed as a bundle (Memorandum + Articles).
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by ISTD; separate GST certificate required if annual turnover exceeds JOD 75,000 (standard goods), JOD 30,000 (services), or JOD 10,000 (SST goods). Collect both where applicable.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Greater Amman Municipality (or relevant municipality). Chamber of Commerce/Industry membership is also required.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBJ for banks, payment institutions, exchange companies; JSC for brokers, fund managers, listed companies; CBJ Insurance Supervision for insurers.
* **Ownership Records:** CCD extract lists registered shareholders and current share allocation.
* **Governance Records:** LLC: manager or management committee. PSC/Pvt SC: elected board of directors. Both reflected in CCD extract.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution for corporate signatories; notarized POA for individual representatives; must be authenticated by a Jordanian notary if executed abroad (Jordan is not a Hague Apostille party — full consular legalization chain required).
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Accepted for both registered-address and operating-address verification.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Manager / مدير (LLC)                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day executive authority in an LLC; binds the company toward third parties (Art. 60, Companies Law 22/1997). |
| Management Committee Member (LLC)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Collective management body of an LLC where no sole manager is appointed.                                           |
| Board Member / عضو مجلس إدارة (PSC/Pvt SC)      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Elected member of the board of directors in a shareholding company.                                                |
| Board Chairman / رئيس مجلس الإدارة (PSC/Pvt SC) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the board; governance role.                                                                               |
| General Manager / مدير عام (PSC/Pvt SC)         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer appointed by the board for day-to-day operations.                                                |
| Authorized Signatory / مفوض بالتوقيع            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person holding a board resolution or POA to legally bind the company.                                              |

## Notes

* Jordan is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. Documents executed abroad must go through the full consular legalization chain (foreign notary → foreign MFA → Jordanian embassy/consulate). This materially slows onboarding of foreign-incorporated entities.
* AML statute is Law No. 20 of 2021 (Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing), in force since 16 September 2021. Citations to the older Law No. 46/2007 are stale.
* CCD e-services portal is Arabic-only for company searches; official document requests require in-person or Arabic-language online application. Integrators relying on automated registry lookups should account for translation requirements.
* Capital payment rule (April 2024): 50% of declared capital must be paid at incorporation; the balance is due within 60 days. This affects LLC formation timelines and documentary evidence of paid-up capital collected at onboarding.


# Kazakhstan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/kazakhstan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Kazakhstan (KAZ) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                         |
| ------------ | ----------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)  |
| ISO 3166-1   | KZ / KAZ                      |
| Registry     | Ministry of Justice / egov.kz |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Kazakhstan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                             |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ---------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **BIN**    | State Revenue Committee (SRC), MoF |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **BIN**    | State Revenue Committee (SRC), MoF |

*Tax ID:* 12 digits; first 4 encode year+month of registration. BIN is simultaneously the tax ID — no separate tax certificate number.

*Registration number:* 12 digits; first 4 encode year+month of registration. BIN is simultaneously the tax ID — no separate tax certificate number.

## Sector regulators

`NBK` · `ARDFM` · `AFSA` · `AFM/CDFT`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Жауапкершілігі шектеулі серіктестік (Limited Liability Partnership)   | TOO / LLP    | Most common commercial vehicle; charter capital divided into participation interests held by members; liability limited to capital contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                           |
| Толық жауапкершілікпен серіктестік (Additional Liability Partnership) | —            | Closely-held quota company similar to TOO but participants also bear additional personal liability up to a pre-agreed multiple of their contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC (with contractual personal guarantee overlay).                                        |
| Акционерлік қоғам (Joint Stock Company)                               | AO / JSC     | Issues shares; required for banks, insurers, and listed entities; minimum charter capital 50,000 MCI (\~USD 465k at 2026 rates); shareholders' liability limited to share value. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                    |
| Толық серіктестік (General Partnership)                               | —            | Two or more partners jointly and severally liable with all personal property for partnership obligations; profits and losses shared per agreement. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                |
| Коммандиттік серіктестік (Limited Partnership / Commandite)           | —            | Has one or more general partners with unlimited personal liability and one or more limited partners (commanditists) whose liability is capped at their contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                              |
| Жеке кәсіпкер (Individual Entrepreneur / Sole Proprietorship)         | IP / ИП      | Natural person conducting registered business activity without forming a legal entity; unlimited personal liability; registered with the tax authority within one business day. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                            |
| AIFC Private Company                                                  | —            | Closely-held company limited by shares registered with AFSA under English-common-law-modeled AIFC Companies Regulations; shares are restricted from public transfer; the standard SME vehicle in the AIFC. Equivalent to a US LLC (single-member or multi-member). |
| AIFC Public Company                                                   | —            | Company limited by shares registered with AFSA; shares may be offered to the public and listed on the Astana International Exchange (AIX); requires at least two directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                         |
| AIFC Limited Liability Partnership                                    | LLP (AIFC)   | Member-based limited-liability vehicle registered with AFSA under AIFC LLP Regulations; requires at least two members; liability limited to agreed contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                           |
| AIFC General Partnership                                              | —            | Partnership of two or more persons registered with AFSA in which all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; governed by AIFC General Partnership Regulations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                       |
| AIFC Limited Partnership                                              | —            | AFSA-registered partnership with one or more general partners (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at contribution); governed by AIFC Limited Partnership Regulations. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).        |
| Branch (Филиал)                                                       | —            | Registered subdivision of a foreign or domestic legal entity; not a separate legal entity; head acts under notarized power of attorney from the parent company. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                          |
| Representative Office (Өкілдік / Представительство)                   | —            | Registered presence of a foreign legal entity permitted only to represent and protect the parent's interests; may not conduct commercial transactions directly; not a separate legal entity. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                             |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                              |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of State Registration                                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Ustav + Founding Agreement                                                    |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* BIN Certificate · SRC Taxpayer Print-Out                                        |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Participants Register TOO · Share Register AO                                   |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Charter + Director Appointment Order + Executive Body Appointment             |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution (Протокол)                                                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета |
| Good Standing          | Anyqtama (Справка о зарегистрированном юридическом лице)                                      |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                       | Proves                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of State Registration (egov.kz extract)**                        | Legal Registration                       |
| **Ustav (Charter)**                                                            | Constitutive Documents                   |
| **Founding Agreement (multi-founder TOO only)**                                | Constitutive Documents                   |
| **BIN Certificate**                                                            | Tax Registration                         |
| **SRC Taxpayer Print-Out**                                                     | Tax Registration                         |
| **Participants Register (ТОО — Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью)** | Ownership Records                        |
| **Share Register (АО — Акционерное общество)**                                 | Ownership Records                        |
| **Charter**                                                                    | Governance Records                       |
| **Director Appointment Order**                                                 | Governance Records                       |
| **Executive Body Appointment (AO)**                                            | Governance Records                       |
| **Board Resolution (Протокол)**                                                | Signing Authority                        |
| **Договор аренды**                                                             | Address                                  |
| **Квитанция за коммунальные услуги (≤90 дней)**                                | Address                                  |
| **Выписка с банковского счета (≤90 дней)**                                     | Address                                  |
| **Anyqtama from State Database "Legal Entities" (egov.kz)**                    | Good Standing                            |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                    | NBK license, ARDFM license, AFSA License |

**Not applicable in Kazakhstan:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued electronically; also verify via State DB "Legal entities" on egov.kz.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single charter suffices for sole-founder TOO and AO. AIFC entities use Memorandum & Articles under AIFC Companies Regulations.
* **Tax Registration:** BIN is the tax ID; no separate tax registration certificate issued — use SRC search result or the registration certificate showing BIN.
* **Sector-Specific License:** NBK for banks/payments; ARDFM for securities/insurance; AFSA for AIFC financial services.
* **Governance Records:** AO must have board of directors (min. 3 members) plus executive body.
* **Signing Authority:** Branch head acts solely on notarized POA from parent company.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Ministry of Justice via egov.kz as an electronic reference (Anyqtama) carrying current status, BIN, registered address and director on a specified date. Digitally signed; verify QR code. Request a certificate dated within 30 days of submission.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Директор / Sole Executive Director (TOO)                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole executive body of TOO; day-to-day authority, binds entity.                            |
| Басқарма Төрағасы / Management Board Chair (AO)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Head of management board (executive body) of JSC; operational authority.                   |
| Директорлар Кеңесінің Мүшесі / Board of Directors Member (AO) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive governance board of JSC; min. 3 members required.                            |
| Филиал Басшысы / Branch Head                                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Appointed by parent; acts solely under notarized POA; not an officer of a separate entity. |
| Өкіл / Attorney-in-fact (POA holder)                          | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized доверенность authorizing specific acts.                                |

## Notes

* Single identifier: BIN serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value.
* BIN = TIN: Kazakhstan uses a single 12-digit BIN as both the corporate registry number and tax identification number. Do not request a separate "tax certificate" document — request the BIN extract from kgd.gov.kz or the registration certificate.
* AIFC bifurcation: Entities registered with AFSA (publicreg.myafsa.com) are governed by English-common-law-modeled AIFC Acts, not Kazakh civil law. Their constitutive documents, share registers, and compliance filings differ from mainland entities; verify whether an entity is AIFC-registered before applying mainland document requirements.
* No general municipal operating license: Unlike most CIS jurisdictions, Kazakhstan does not issue a general municipal trade permit. The e-license (elicense.kz) covers only \~500 regulated activity types; for unregulated businesses the Operating Permit field is genuinely N/A.
* Kazakhstan is an Apostille Convention party (HCCH Status Table — confirmed as of 2026-05-06); foreign documents for branch registration must be apostilled and translated into Kazakh and Russian.


# Kenya
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/kenya

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Kenya (KEN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                     |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | KE / KEN                                                  |
| Registry     | [Business Registration Service (BRS)](https://brs.go.ke/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Kenya and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name         | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------ | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **KRA PIN**        | KRA (Kenya Revenue Authority)       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company number** | BRS (Business Registration Service) |

*Tax ID:* Personal Identification Number issued by KRA for tax purposes.

*Registration number:* Company number assigned at incorporation by the BRS.

## Sector regulators

`CBK` · `CMA` · `IRA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ----------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Limited Company       | Ltd          | Closely-held share-capital company with up to 50 members; shares are not publicly traded and transfer is restricted. The dominant SME and startup vehicle in Kenya. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                 |
| Public Limited Company        | PLC          | Share-capital company with unlimited membership whose shares may be listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange; requires a minimum of 7 shareholders. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                         |
| Company Limited by Guarantee  | CLG          | Company with no share capital whose members guarantee a fixed contribution upon winding-up; used primarily by nonprofits, charities, and professional associations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                           |
| Limited Liability Partnership | LLP          | Hybrid entity registered under the Partnerships Act 2012 with separate legal personality; all partners enjoy limited liability. Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                                                     |
| Limited Partnership           | LP           | Registered under the Partnerships Act 2012; requires at least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US LP.                 |
| General Partnership           | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together with joint unlimited liability, registered under the Partnerships Act 2012. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                       |
| Sole Proprietorship           | —            | Single natural person trading under a registered business name; no separate legal entity and the owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                          |
| Cooperative Society           | —            | Member-owned entity registered under the Co-operative Societies Act (Cap. 490) with separate legal personality and limited liability on members; requires a minimum of 10 members. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                      |
| Foreign Company (Branch)      | —            | Branch of a foreign-incorporated company registered with the Business Registration Service under the Companies Act 2015; not a separate legal entity — the parent company retains full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                          |
| Tax Registration       | KRA PIN Certificate                                           |
| Operating Permit       | Single Business Permit                                        |
| Governance Records     | CR 12 Form                                                    |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                                |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (BRS)**   | Legal Registration                    |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents                |
| **KRA PIN Certificate**                  | Tax Registration                      |
| **Single Business Permit (county)**      | Operating Permit                      |
| **CR 12 Form**                           | Governance Records                    |
| **Board Resolution**                     | Signing Authority                     |
| **Lease Agreement**                      | Address                               |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**          | Address                               |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**        | Address                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**              | CBK License, CMA License, IRA License |

**Not applicable in Kenya:** Ownership Records, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address verification.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                | Canonical API role     | Description                                        |
| ------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member. Minimum 1 for private, 2 for public. |
| Authorized Representative | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person empowered to act on behalf of the company.  |


# Kiribati
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/kiribati

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Kiribati (KIR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                       |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | KI / KIR                                                                                                                                    |
| Registry     | [Business and Companies Regulatory Division (BCRD), Ministry of Tourism, Commerce, Industry and Cooperatives (MTCIC)](https://mtcic.gov.ki) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                  |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Kiribati and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Revenue Division, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (MFED)                                               |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Number**                  | Business and Companies Regulatory Division (BCRD), Ministry of Tourism, Commerce, Industry and Cooperatives (MTCIC) |

*Tax ID:* Unique identifier issued by the MFED Revenue Division (Tarawa Tax Office) upon business registration for tax purposes. Mandatory for all businesses with annual turnover of AUD 5,000 or more; optional below that threshold. Required before opening a corporate bank account. Used for income tax, VAT (12.5% standard rate), and PAYE compliance filings. A separate VAT registration number is issued upon VAT registration. No standardised public alphanumeric format confirmed; issued as part of tax registration at the MFED office in Bairiki, South Tarawa or the Kiritimati Tax Office. Also accessible online via the government eTax platform (tax.gov.ki).

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation by the BCRD under the Companies Act 2021 (which replaced the Companies Ordinance 1979); appears on the Certificate of Incorporation. Prior to the Companies Act 2021, numbers were issued under the Companies Ordinance 1979. No standardised alphanumeric format publicly confirmed. The BCRD manages the commercial register and supervises business activities at national level.

## Sector regulators

`KFSA (Kiribati Financial Supervisory Authority)` · `MFED Revenue Division (tax authority)` · `MTCIC / BCRD (company registry and business licensing)` · `KIFA (Kiribati International Financial Authority — offshore IBC financial licences)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | Closely-held company incorporated under the Companies Act 2021; shareholder liability limited to unpaid share capital; share transfers may be restricted by the company's constitution; minimum one shareholder and one director (who must be resident in Kiribati). Company name must end with 'Limited' or 'Ltd'. No minimum share capital requirement under the 2021 Act (removed as part of modernisation). The default domestic business incorporation vehicle for SMEs and foreign investors. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                         |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | Ltd          | Share-capital company incorporated under the Companies Act 2021 whose shares may be offered to the public; no restriction on share transferability; subject to more extensive disclosure and governance obligations. Rare in Kiribati given the small domestic capital markets. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | Company with no share capital incorporated under the Companies Act 2021; members' liability is limited to a guaranteed amount on winding up; used for non-profit purposes including charities, professional associations, and community organisations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| International Business Company    | IBC          | Offshore company incorporated for international/non-resident activities under Kiribati's international business company regime, administered by the Kiribati International Business and Companies Register (kiribas.net); designed for holding, international trade, crypto, forex, and investment fund purposes with income sourced outside Kiribati; zero corporate tax on foreign income; applications must be submitted through licensed Authorised Agents. Financial services activities (banking, gaming, brokerage/FX, crypto, insurance) require a separate licence from the Kiribati International Financial Authority (KIFA, kiribas.org). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together under the Companies Act 2021 and related partnership provisions; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership debts; partnership name registered with the BCRD under the Business Names Act 2021 if trading under a name other than partners' own names. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | Partnership with one or more general partners (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at capital contribution); available under Kiribati's business law framework; registered with the BCRD. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Sole Trader                       | —            | Single natural person carrying on business on their own account; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; must register any trading name other than the owner's own name under the Business Names Act 2021 with the BCRD; must register for tax with the MFED if annual turnover reaches AUD 5,000. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Cooperative Society               | —            | Member-owned enterprise registered with the Cooperative and Credit Union Regulatory Division (CCURD) under the Cooperative Societies Ordinance 1977; commonly used in agriculture, fisheries, retail, and community services; primary cooperative registration fee: AUD 25; profits distributed to members. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Credit Union                      | —            | Cooperative savings and credit association registered with the CCURD under the Kiribati Credit Union Act 1990; member-owned and democratically controlled; provides savings and loan services; supervised by the CCURD. Closest US equivalent: Credit Union.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Branch of Foreign Company         | —            | Foreign corporation registered to conduct business in Kiribati under the Companies Act 2021; not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent; must also obtain a Foreign Investment Certificate from the Investment Promotion Division under the Foreign Investment Act 2018; certain sectors are prohibited or restricted for foreign investment. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Foreign Investment Certificate)* |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                    |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Registration Certificate              |
| Operating Permit       | Business/Operational Licence                                              |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                       |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                     |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement             |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                              |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                   | Proves                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                           | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Foreign Investment Certificate (foreign entities only)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                 | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                    |
| **TIN Certificate (MFED Revenue Division)**                | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                          |
| **VAT Registration Certificate (MFED)**                    | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Business/Operational Licence (Local Council)**           | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Register of Members**                                    | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Register of Directors**                                  | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Board Resolution**                                       | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Power of Attorney**                                      | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Lease Agreement**                                        | Address                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                            | Address                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                          | Address                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                           | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                | KFSA Licence (banks, insurers, Kiribati Provident Fund, MTO, credit institutions, moneylenders), KIFA Licence (offshore banking, gaming, brokerage/FX, crypto, insurance) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the BCRD under the Companies Act 2021 upon successful incorporation; confirms company name, company number, date of incorporation, and registered office. The BCRD also issues a company number that appears on all registry extracts. Foreign companies additionally require a Foreign Investment Certificate from the MTCIC Investment Promotion Division under the Foreign Investment Act 2018. Branches register separately but are not issued a domestic Certificate of Incorporation. Processing time approximately 7–14 working days from submission; fees include a lodgement charge and certificate fee.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with the BCRD at incorporation under the Companies Act 2021; sets out the company name, objects, share capital structure, and governance rules. Under the 2021 Act a company may adopt its own constitution (memorandum and articles) or use the standard model articles prescribed by regulation. Documents must be filed prior to or simultaneously with the Certificate of Incorporation application.
* **Tax Registration:** TIN Certificate issued by the MFED Revenue Division (Tarawa Tax Office) upon tax registration; required for all businesses with annual turnover of AUD 5,000 or more. A separate VAT Registration Certificate is issued upon registration for value-added tax (12.5% standard rate). Both certificates are issued by the MFED. Tax registration is mandatory before commencing operations for any business required to register. Businesses register at the MFED Bairiki office or the Kiritimati Tax Office. Online filing available via eTax platform (tax.gov.ki).
* **Operating Permit:** A business/operational licence is required from the relevant local council authority before a business may commence operations; issued separately by each local government jurisdiction. Three main licensing jurisdictions: Betio (Betio Town Council), Teinainano Urban Council (TUC) for South Tarawa, and Kiritimati Island. The licence must be renewed annually. Without this licence a business cannot legally trade. The licence indicates the nature and location of the business. Procedure details and fees vary by jurisdiction and are listed on the Kiribati Trade Portal (kiribati.tradeportal.org).
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Kiribati Financial Supervisory Authority (KFSA, kfsa.gov.ki), established under the Financial Supervisory Authority of Kiribati Act 2021 and the Kiribati Financial Institutions Act 2021, licenses and supervises commercial banks, the Development Bank of Kiribati, the Kiribati Provident Fund, insurance companies, credit unions, money transfer operators, credit institutions, and moneylenders. For international/offshore financial services (banking, gaming, brokerage/FX, crypto, insurance) through an IBC structure, the Kiribati International Financial Authority (KIFA, kiribas.org) issues the relevant offshore financial licence. Collect the applicable licence certificate for any regulated financial entity.
* **Governance Records:** Companies must maintain a Register of Directors at their registered office under the Companies Act 2021. The register records the names, addresses, and dates of appointment of all directors. Director information is also captured in the BCRD commercial register and in annual returns filed with the BCRD. At least one director must be resident in Kiribati. Public searches of director details are available via third-party commercial registry services; the BCRD itself does not operate an online search portal as of 2026.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form; standard practice is a board resolution signed by all directors or a quorum, on company letterhead, authorising a named signatory to act on behalf of the company. For cross-border use, a notarised Power of Attorney may be required. Kiribati is NOT a party to the Hague Apostille Convention; documents for international use require full consular legalisation (certification at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and then at the consulate of the destination country) rather than an apostille.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. Note that utility services in Kiribati are provided by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) for electricity and water on South Tarawa; availability of utility bills may be limited outside major urban centres.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the BCRD on request; confirms the company is duly incorporated, has complied with annual filing requirements, and is in good standing with the Registrar. Available for companies registered under the Companies Act 2021. Third-party services (e.g. Schmidt & Schmidt) offer certificate retrieval with or without consular legalisation (note: Kiribati is not in the Hague Apostille Convention; cross-border use requires consular legalisation, not apostille). The BCRD does not operate an online self-service certificate portal; requests are processed in person or via authorised agents. For IBCs registered under the international offshore regime, the Kiribati International Business and Companies Register (kiribas.net) issues its own Certificate of Good Standing.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with management authority; recorded in the Register of Directors; at least one director must be resident in Kiribati (Companies Act 2021).                                |
| Managing Director                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director delegated day-to-day executive management authority under the company's constitution or board resolution.                                                                          |
| Authorised Representative (foreign branch) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Locally resident person designated to accept service of process and act on behalf of a registered foreign company branch in Kiribati.                                                       |
| Attorney (POA holder)                      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised by notarised power of attorney (consularly legalised if for cross-border use; Kiribati is not in the Hague Apostille Convention) to act and sign on behalf of the entity. |

## Notes

* The Companies Act 2021 replaced the Companies Ordinance 1979 and significantly modernised Kiribati company law: removed minimum capital requirements, eliminated the mandatory company secretary, enabled single-director single-shareholder companies, simplified incorporation procedures, and paved the way for electronic filings. Companies incorporated under the old Ordinance should have re-registered; verify registration status and confirm which act governs the entity.
* A business/operational licence from the relevant local council (Betio Town Council, Teinainano Urban Council, or Kiritimati Island Council) is a mandatory pre-commencement requirement for all businesses. The licence must be renewed annually. Confirm the correct council jurisdiction based on the company's registered office address.
* Foreign investors must hold a Foreign Investment Certificate issued under the Foreign Investment Act 2018 by the MTCIC Investment Promotion Division. Certain sectors are on the Prohibited, Restricted or Reserved Sectors list and may not be open to full foreign ownership. Verify sector eligibility before onboarding a foreign-owned entity.
* The BCRD does not operate a publicly searchable online company registry portal; company searches must be conducted in person or via licensed agents. Third-party services (e.g. Schmidt & Schmidt) can obtain official BCRD extracts and certificates with consular legalisation for cross-border use; typical processing 7–14 days.
* Kiribati is NOT a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed against HCCH status table, 129 contracting parties as of December 2025 — Kiribati not listed). Documents for cross-border use require full consular legalisation: authentication by the Kiribati Ministry of Foreign Affairs followed by legalisation at the consulate of the destination country.
* Cooperatives and credit unions are registered by the separate Cooperative and Credit Union Regulatory Division (CCURD) under the Cooperative Societies Ordinance 1977 and the Kiribati Credit Union Act 1990, not by the BCRD. Obtain the relevant CCURD registration certificate if onboarding a cooperative.
* All businesses employing staff must register employees with the Kiribati Provident Fund (KPF) and operate the PAYE withholding system; PAYE monthly filings are due 21 days after month-end.


# Kosovo
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/kosovo

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Kosovo (XKX) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | XK / XKX   |
| Registry     | ARBK/KBRA  |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Kosovo and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name       | Issuer                                 |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Numri Fiskal** | TAK/ATK, issued via ARBK one-stop-shop |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **NRB**          | ARBK/KBRA                              |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit number. Issued simultaneously with business registration via the ARBK one-stop-shop; used for all tax filings. Digit-prefix convention: starts with 6.

*Registration number:* 9-digit number. Issued at ARBK registration. Kosovo issues both fiscal and registration numbers together via a one-stop-shop process; they are distinct numbers. Digit-prefix convention: starts with 81.

## Sector regulators

`FIU-K` · `TAK/ATK`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Shoqëri me Përgjegjësi të Kufizuar | SH.P.K.      | Quota-based limited liability company; no minimum capital required; one or more members with liability capped at contribution; managed by an appointed administrator (drejtor menaxhues). Most common form for SMEs. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                          |
| Shoqëri Aksionare                  | SH.A.        | Joint-stock company with share capital divided into transferable shares; minimum capital €10,000 under Law 06/L-016; mandatory Board of Directors and Shareholder Assembly; used for larger or capital-market entities. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                    |
| Ndërmarrje Individuale             | N.I.         | Sole proprietorship operated by a single natural person; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business obligations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                |
| Ortakëri e Përgjithshme            | O.P.         | General partnership of two or more persons; all partners bear joint and unlimited liability for partnership obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                 |
| Ortakëri e Kufizuar                | O.K.         | Limited partnership with one or more general partners (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at capital contribution); general partners manage the business. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                           |
| Degë e Shoqërisë së Huaj           | D.K.         | Branch of a foreign company registered with ARBK; no separate legal personality — the parent foreign company bears full liability for branch obligations. Must include parent company name followed by "Branch in Kosovo" (Degë në Kosovë). Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |
| Kooperativë Bujqësore              | —            | Agricultural cooperative under Law 06/L-016; formed by natural or legal persons who are farmers and contribute private property to shared capital; member-owned and member-controlled for mutual agricultural benefit. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                            |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certifikata e Regjistrimit të Biznesit                              |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Akti i Themelimit + Statuti                         |
| Tax Registration       | Certifikata Fiskale                                                 |
| Operating Permit       | Municipal operating permit                                          |
| Ownership Records      | ARBK shareholders list extract                                      |
| Governance Records     | Certifikata e Regjistrimit                                          |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Vendim i Asamblesë · Prokurë noteriale                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Kontratë qiraje · Faturë shërbimesh · Pasqyrë bankare |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                           | Proves                                                                     |
| -------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certifikata e Regjistrimit të Biznesit (ARBK)**  | Legal Registration                                                         |
| **Akti i Themelimit (founding act)**               | Constitutive Documents                                                     |
| **Statuti (statute/charter)**                      | Constitutive Documents                                                     |
| **Certifikata Fiskale (TAK/ATK)**                  | Tax Registration                                                           |
| **Municipal operating permit (Bashki)**            | Operating Permit                                                           |
| **ARBK shareholders list extract**                 | Ownership Records                                                          |
| **Certifikata e Regjistrimit (ARBK extract)**      | Governance Records                                                         |
| **Vendim i Asamblesë (assembly/board resolution)** | Signing Authority                                                          |
| **Prokurë noteriale (notarised PoA)**              | Signing Authority                                                          |
| **Kontratë qiraje**                                | Address                                                                    |
| **Faturë shërbimesh (≤90 ditë)**                   | Address                                                                    |
| **Pasqyrë bankare (≤90 ditë)**                     | Address                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                        | CBK licence (banking, NBFIs, crypto-assets), FIU-K authorisation (AML/CFT) |

**Not applicable in Kosovo:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Available via arbk.rks-gov.net or one-stop-shop; includes NRB, entity type, registered address, and named director.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Two-part constitutive document; for single-founder SH.P.K., the founding act is titled "Akt i Themelimit nga Themeluesi i Vetëm." Filed with and retrievable from ARBK.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued at registration via one-stop-shop; obtainable electronically via the EDI system or from a TAK regional office.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the relevant municipality; no single national general business permit beyond ARBK registration; requirements vary by Bashki.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBK is the prudential regulator for banks, NBFIs, and crypto-asset service operators. FIU-K oversees AML/CFT compliance registration for obliged entities. Payment-services licensing operates under the prior statutory framework pending re-adoption of the payment services law.
* **Ownership Records:** ARBK maintains the shareholder register as part of the company file; current ownership structure is reflected in the ARBK extract.
* **Governance Records:** Lists administrator(s) for SH.P.K. or Board of Directors members for SH.A. Update filings required for any director changes.
* **Signing Authority:** Administrator authority derives from appointment in Statuti and ARBK filing; broad signing authority for third parties requires a notarised power of attorney.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Drejtor Menaxhues / Administrator (SH.P.K.) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed managing director with day-to-day operational authority; registered with ARBK. |
| Anëtar i Bordit të Drejtorëve (SH.A.)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board of Directors member of SH.A.; governance and strategic oversight role.             |
| Drejtor i Përgjithshëm (SH.A.)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General/Executive Director of SH.A.; operational day-to-day authority.                   |
| Përfaqësuesi Ligjor                         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Named legal representative; PoA holder authorised to bind the company in legal matters.  |
| Partner i Përgjithshëm (O.K.)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner in limited partnership; management authority and unlimited liability.    |

## Notes

* XK / XKX are user-assigned, non-ISO 3166-1 codes. Kosovo's status is not universally recognised; ISO has not assigned standard alpha-2/alpha-3 codes. XK and XKX are user-assigned codes (adopted by EU, IMF, SWIFT, and others). Validate that downstream ISO validation does not reject these values.
* Law on Payment Services (08/L-328, Dec 2024) is not currently in force. Pending Constitutional Court review on procedural grounds (as of 2026-05); CBK payment-services licensing operates under the prior statutory framework. Monitor for re-adoption; Law 08/L-304 on Banks entered into force in 2026 following similar process.
* Crypto-asset service operators (CASOs) subject to separate framework. Law 08/L-295 on Crypto-Assets (Nov 2024) and CBK Regulation on Licensing of CASOs (adopted Aug 2025, \~90-day rollout). Distinct from banking licensing; operators had 90 days post-regulation to submit licence applications.
* Kosovo is a Hague Apostille Convention party (acceded 2015-11-06, EIF 2016-07-14), but recognition is bilateral. Multiple states (incl. Belarus, Armenia, Georgia, Mexico, Austria) have objected to Kosovo's accession. Verify apostille acceptance on a counterpart-state-by-state basis; do not assume universal apostille recognition.


# Kuwait
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/kuwait

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Kuwait (KWT) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | KW / KWT                     |
| Registry     | MOCI Commercial Registry     |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Kuwait and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                  | Issuer                    |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Registration Number (TRN)**           | MoF Income Tax Department |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Commercial Registration Number (CR No.)** | MOCI Commercial Registry  |

*Tax ID:* Issued only to foreign-owned entities subject to 15% CIT; Kuwaiti/GCC-owned entities are generally exempt and may not hold a TRN. MNE groups (≥€750m revenue) are subject to DMTT (Decree-Law No. 157/2024) instead of CIT from 2025-01-01.

*Registration number:* Issued at incorporation; appears on the Commercial Registration Certificate. Format is not publicly standardized.

## Sector regulators

`CBK` · `CMA` · `IRU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                              | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| With Limited Liability Company          | WLL          | Quota-based closely held company with 2–50 shareholders; capital divided into equal membership interests not represented by freely transferable shares; requires Kuwaiti/GCC ownership ≥51% unless KDIPA-licensed; separate legal personality with limited liability. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Single Person Company                   | SPC          | One-member limited-liability company with separate legal personality; capital wholly owned by one natural or legal person; liability limited to capital contribution; cannot publicly list shares. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                              |
| Kuwaiti Shareholding Company (Closed)   | KSCC         | Closed joint-stock company with shares not publicly traded; minimum 5 shareholders; commonly used for larger ventures and foreign-partnered entities requiring share-capital structure. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                        |
| Kuwaiti Shareholding Company (Public)   | KSCP         | Publicly listed joint-stock company on Boursa Kuwait; subject to CMA governance rules; shares freely tradable on KSE. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (publicly traded).                                                                                                                        |
| Joint Liability Company                 | —            | General partnership in which all partners are jointly and severally liable for company obligations to the full extent of their personal assets; partners must be Kuwaiti nationals. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                              |
| Simple Commandite Company               | —            | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited personal liability and one or more limited (sleeping) partners liable only to the extent of their capital contribution; general partners must be Kuwaiti nationals. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).      |
| Commandite by Shares                    | —            | Hybrid limited partnership whose limited-partner interests are represented by transferable shares; one or more general partners bear unlimited personal liability; provides equity-like transferability. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                         |
| Sole Proprietorship (Individual Trader) | —            | Single Kuwaiti natural person trading under their own name; registered with MOCI as a Tajir Fardi; no separate legal personality — owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                          |
| Branch of Foreign Company               | —            | Extension of a foreign parent company registered under Companies Law Art. 24; 100% foreign-owned permitted since Law No. 1 of 2024 removed the mandatory local-agent requirement; not a separate legal entity from the parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                      |
| Joint Venture                           | —            | Contractual association between two or more parties to carry out a specific commercial activity; no separate legal personality and not independently registered in the commercial registry — exists only between the parties. Closest US equivalent: contractual Joint Venture.               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                 |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Commercial Registration Certificate                              |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                             |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Certificate                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Commercial License                                               |
| Ownership Records      | Shareholders Register                                            |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors/Managers                                   |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Sahel Tenancy Contract · MEW Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                          | Proves                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Commercial Registration Certificate**           | Legal Registration                                                       |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**          | Constitutive Documents                                                   |
| **Tax Registration Certificate (MoF)**            | Tax Registration                                                         |
| **Commercial License (Rakhsa Tijariyya)**         | Operating Permit                                                         |
| **Shareholders Register**                         | Ownership Records                                                        |
| **Register of Directors/Managers (MOCI extract)** | Governance Records                                                       |
| **Board Resolution**                              | Signing Authority                                                        |
| **Sahel Tenancy Contract**                        | Address                                                                  |
| **MEW Bill (خلال 90 يومًا)**                      | Address                                                                  |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**                 | Address                                                                  |
| **Sector-Specific License**                       | CBK Sector License, CMA License, IRU License — Insurance Regulatory Unit |

**Not applicable in Kuwait:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by MOCI; contains CR number, entity type, date of formation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single notarized instrument for WLL and KSCC; authenticated before MoJ notary; filed with MOCI.
* **Tax Registration:** Only foreign-owned non-MNE entities subject to 15% CIT receive this; Kuwaiti/GCC-owned entities are exempt — collect MOCI CR instead. Large multinational groups follow a separate registration process with Kuwait Tax Authority.
* **Operating Permit:** MOCI-issued; activity-specific; annual renewal; also requires municipal clearance from local Baladiya.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect whichever applies: CBK for banking/exchange/payments; CMA for investment/securities; IRU for insurance.
* **Governance Records:** For KSCC/KSCP: board-member list issued by MOCI. For WLL: managers named in M\&A; obtain notarized extract.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution attested before MoJ notary; POA requires MoJ notarization + legalization chain (Kuwait is not a Hague Apostille party — consular legalization required for foreign documents).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Member of Board of Directors (Udw Majlis Idara) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance-level director of a KSC; appointed by shareholders; CMA governance rules apply to listed KSCPs. |
| Manager / General Manager (Mudeer / Mudeer Aam) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day executive of a WLL or KSC; named in M\&A; signs on behalf of company.                           |
| Authorized Signatory (Mufawwad)                 | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized by board resolution or POA to bind the company legally.                                  |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                  | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ---------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Nationality`          | shareholder | Required to assess foreign-ownership restrictions (Commercial Law No. 68 of 1980, Art. 23 — Kuwaiti/GCC ≥51% for WLL unless KDIPA-licensed; GCC exemption via Ministerial Resolutions 141/2002 and 237/2011). |
| `KDIPA License Number` | founder     | Required if entity claims foreign-ownership exemption under FDI Law No. 116 of 2013; confirm at KDIPA.                                                                                                        |

## Notes

* Kuwait is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH Status Table, 2026-05-06 — Kuwait absent from all 129 contracting parties). Foreign documents require full consular legalization: notarization → state/national authentication → Kuwait embassy legalization. Kuwaiti-origin documents for use abroad need MOCI + MoFA attestation + destination-country consular legalization.
* No CIT for Kuwaiti/GCC-owned entities; DMTT replaces CIT for large MNEs. A Kuwaiti/GCC-majority entity will have no Tax Registration Certificate. MNE groups with ≥€750m consolidated revenue are subject to Decree-Law No. 157 of 2024 (eff. 2025-01-01) and are no longer subject to the 15% CIT — they register separately with Kuwait Tax Authority. Non-MNE foreign entities remain under the 15% CIT regime.
* 51% local-ownership rule traced to Commercial Law No. 68 of 1980, Art. 23 — not Companies Law No. 1 of 2016. WLL entities without a KDIPA license must have Kuwaiti/GCC shareholders holding ≥51%; the GCC exemption is established by Ministerial Resolutions 141/2002 and 237/2011. KDIPA-licensed entities may be up to 100% foreign-owned.
* Law No. 1 of 2024 (eff. 2024-01-21) removed the mandatory local-agent requirement for Art. 24 Branches. Foreign companies may now open wholly owned branches in Kuwait. Implementing regulations were still being finalized as of 2026-05 — confirm current MOCI practice before onboarding.


# Kyrgyzstan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/kyrgyzstan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                          |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | KG / KGZ                                       |
| Registry     | Ministry of Justice — State Service of Justice |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Kyrgyzstan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                | Issuer                                         |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **INN (ИНН — Идентификационный номер налогоплательщика)** | State Tax Service of the Kyrgyz Republic       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Registration Number (Регистрационный номер)**           | Ministry of Justice — State Service of Justice |

*Tax ID:* 14-digit numeric code assigned at registration; appears on INN certificate and tax returns.

*Registration number:* Assigned in Certificate of State Registration; searchable on the Ministry of Justice online portal.

## Sector regulators

`NBKR` · `FSA/Gosfinnadzor` · `SFIS`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                               | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Жоопкерчилиги чектелген коом (Limited Liability Company) | OsOO         | The dominant SME vehicle in Kyrgyzstan; 1–30 members; no minimum capital; liability limited to contributed share. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                       |
| Акционердик коом (Joint Stock Company)                   | AK           | Share-capital company with transferable shares; minimum charter capital KGS 100,000; exists in open form (ОАО, no shareholder cap) and closed form (ЗАО, up to 50 shareholders). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Жеке ишкер (Individual Entrepreneur)                     | ZhI/IP       | Sole trader; not a separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability; may use simplified patent-based tax regime. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                         |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of State Registration                                                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Charter + Founders Agreement                                                             |
| Tax Registration       | INN Certificate                                                                                          |
| Operating Permit       | Activity License (Лицензия на осуществление деятельности)                                                |
| Ownership Records      | Registry Extract (Выписка из реестра)                                                                    |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Registry Extract (Выписка из реестра) showing director · Executive Body Appointment Record |
| Signing Authority      | Notarized Power of Attorney (Нотариально заверенная доверенность)                                        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета            |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                            | Proves                        |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| **Certificate of State Registration (Свидетельство о государственной регистрации)** | Legal Registration            |
| **Charter (Устав)**                                                                 | Constitutive Documents        |
| **Founders Agreement (Учредительный договор)**                                      | Constitutive Documents        |
| **INN Certificate (Свидетельство об ИНН)**                                          | Tax Registration              |
| **Activity License (Лицензия на осуществление деятельности)**                       | Operating Permit              |
| **Registry Extract (Выписка из реестра)**                                           | Ownership Records             |
| **Registry Extract (Выписка из реестра) showing director**                          | Governance Records            |
| **Executive Body Appointment Record**                                               | Governance Records            |
| **Notarized Power of Attorney (Нотариально заверенная доверенность)**               | Signing Authority             |
| **Договор аренды**                                                                  | Address                       |
| **Квитанция за коммунальные услуги (≤90 дней)**                                     | Address                       |
| **Выписка с банковского счета (≤90 дней)**                                          | Address                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                         | NBKR Banking/Payments License |

**Not applicable in Kyrgyzstan:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Ministry of Justice; carries registration number and legal form.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Charter required for all entities; founders agreement required for multi-member OsOO and AK. Single-member OsOO may use charter alone.
* **Tax Registration:** 14-digit code; auto-issued alongside state registration via one-stop-shop; verify at sti.gov.kg.
* **Operating Permit:** Required for restricted activity categories; issued by national or local authority depending on activity type. Not required for all entities.
* **Sector-Specific License:** NBKR licenses banks, payment organizations, forex dealers; FSA/Gosfinnadzor licenses insurance companies, securities market participants.
* **Governance Records:** Director name and appointment recorded in Ministry of Justice register; extract shows current incumbent.
* **Signing Authority:** Director of record signs on behalf of entity without POA; third-party representatives require notarized POA per Law "On Notariat."
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                          |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Директор / Руководитель (Director/Head)                                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive head of entity; day-to-day management authority; signatory of record without separate POA. |
| Председатель Совета директоров (Board Chair)                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the board of directors in an AK; governance role.                                           |
| Член Совета директоров (Board Member)                                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive board member of an AK.                                                                 |
| Представитель по доверенности (Authorized Representative / POA Holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Third party empowered to bind the company via notarized power of attorney.                           |

## Notes

* Registry portal is Kyrgyz/Russian only. The Ministry of Justice online portal (online.minjust.gov.kg) has no English interface; extracts are issued in Kyrgyz or Russian. Budget for certified translation of all registry documents.
* Apostille Convention — two objections remain. Kyrgyzstan acceded 15 November 2010 (entry into force 31 July 2011). Germany withdrew its objection 7 October 2024; Belgium withdrew 11 June 2025. Austria and Greece objections remain outstanding as of 2026-05-06; verify Convention applicability for documents destined for these jurisdictions via the HCCH status table.
* One-stop-shop registration auto-creates INN. State registration at the Ministry of Justice simultaneously registers the entity with the Tax Service; a separate INN application is not needed for newly incorporated entities. Foreign legal entities must register separately via sti.gov.kg.


# Laos
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/laos

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Laos (LAO) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value        |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific |
| ISO 3166-1   | LA / LAO     |
| Registry     | ERMD, MoIC   |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Laos and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)** | Tax Department, Ministry of Finance |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Enterprise Registration Number**       | ERMD, MoIC                          |

*Tax ID:* 11-digit number. Since 2022 the TIN is issued concurrently with enterprise registration and printed on the Enterprise Registration Certificate; a separate TIN certificate is no longer required.

*Registration number:* Alphanumeric reference on the Enterprise Registration Certificate; no publicly documented standard length. Collect the certificate as the primary artifact.

## Sector regulators

`BOL` · `LSC` · `MoF` · `AMLIO`

## Legal structures

| Local name                               | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sole Limited Company                     | —            | Single-shareholder limited company; liability capped at subscribed capital; governed by Enterprise Law No. 33/NA 2022. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                    |
| Limited Company                          | Co., Ltd.    | 2–30 shareholders; most common private commercial vehicle; liability limited to subscribed capital; shares are not freely tradable. Equivalent to a US multi-member LLC.                                                        |
| Public Company                           | PLC          | Requires at least 9 promoter-shareholders; shares are freely transferable and may be publicly offered; subject to stricter governance and disclosure obligations. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                |
| Ordinary Partnership                     | —            | Two or more partners; all bear unlimited joint liability for the partnership's obligations; constitutes a separate legal entity. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                    |
| Limited Partnership                      | —            | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership.                                     |
| Sole Trader Enterprise                   | —            | Individual natural person registered with ERMD/MoIC; owner bears full personal liability for all obligations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                           |
| Cooperative                              | —            | Member-owned collective enterprise governed by the Law on Cooperatives; managed under limited-company rules for fewer than 20 member families or public-company rules above that threshold. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. |
| Branch of Foreign Company                | —            | Extension of a foreign parent entity registered with ERMD; operates under the parent's legal identity; an authorised in-country representative is required. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Branch.                              |
| Representative Office of Foreign Company | —            | Registered presence of a foreign entity permitted only to conduct liaison, market research, and promotional activities; may not generate revenue or conclude contracts. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Representative Office.   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                               |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Enterprise Registration Certificate                                                                            |
| Constitutive Documents | Company Charter                                                                                                |
| Tax Registration       | TIN embedded in Enterprise Registration Certificate                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | Business Operating License                                                                                     |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Shareholder list in Company Charter · Enterprise Registration Certificate (shareholders section) |
| Governance Records     | Director list in Enterprise Registration Certificate                                                           |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Shareholders' Resolution                                                      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* ສັນຍາເຊົ່າ · ໃບແຈ້ງຄ່າສາທາລະນຸປະໂພກ · ໃບແຈ້ງຍອດທະນາຄານ                                           |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                       | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Enterprise Registration Certificate**                        | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Company Charter (Articles of Association)**                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **TIN embedded in Enterprise Registration Certificate**        | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Business Operating License**                                 | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Shareholder list in Company Charter**                        | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Enterprise Registration Certificate (shareholders section)** | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Director list in Enterprise Registration Certificate**       | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Board Resolution**                                           | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Shareholders' Resolution**                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **ສັນຍາເຊົ່າ**                                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **ໃບແຈ້ງຄ່າສາທາລະນຸປະໂພກ (ພາຍໃນ 90 ວັນ)**                      | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **ໃບແຈ້ງຍອດທະນາຄານ (ພາຍໃນ 90 ວັນ)**                            | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                    | BOL licence (banks, payment service providers, MFIs), LSC licence (securities firms), MoF licence (insurance), BOL — Bank of the Lao PDR (banking, payment services, MFIs, FX), LSC/LSCO — Lao Securities Commission/Office, MoF — Ministry of Finance (insurance), AMLIO — Anti-Money Laundering Intelligence Office (FIU) |

**Not applicable in Laos:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by ERMD/MoIC; includes TIN since 2022; confirms entity type, registration number, address, capital.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with ERMD at registration; amendments must be reported to ERMD to be enforceable against third parties.
* **Tax Registration:** Separate TIN certificate no longer issued; the registration cert is the authoritative tax-ID document.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by ERMD/MoIC under Instruction No. 0045/MOIC.ERMD (2019); sector-specific sub-permits may also be required.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect the relevant regulator-issued licence for any financial-sector customer.
* **Governance Records:** Directors named in the registration cert and charter; general director identified separately when multiple directors exist.
* **Signing Authority:** General director acts as statutory signatory; other signatories require a board or shareholders' resolution. Lao PDR is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention — foreign-use documents require full notarization + consular/embassy legalization chain.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                          |
| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director (ກຳມະການ)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages the company; elected by shareholders' meeting; term capped at 2 years (renewable).                           |
| General Director (ກຳມະການໃຫຍ່)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director designated to bind the company contractually when multiple directors exist; day-to-day executive authority. |
| Board of Directors Chair           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over board when assets exceed LAK 50 billion; governance role.                                              |
| Authorised Representative (Branch) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | In-country representative of a foreign branch; legally responsible for the branch's compliance.                      |
| POA Holder                         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Third party authorised by notarized power of attorney to act on the company's behalf.                                |

## Notes

* TIN merged into registration cert: Since the 2022 Enterprise Law reforms (in force 30 March 2023), the TIN is issued simultaneously with the Enterprise Registration Certificate. There is no separate TIN certificate to collect; the registration cert is the controlling document for both identity fields.
* No Apostille: Lao PDR is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (HCCH status table, verified 2026-05-06). Documents for cross-border use require notarization plus embassy/consular legalization — a multi-step chain.
* Board mandatory only above LAK 50 billion in assets: Below this threshold a single director suffices. The "board of directors" structure is uncommon for SMEs; for KYB purposes treat all directors collectively and identify the general director as the statutory signatory.


# Latvia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/latvia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Latvia (LVA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | LV / LVA   |
| Registry     | UR         |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Latvia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name               | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------ | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Reģistrācijas numurs** | VID    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Reģistrācijas numurs** | VID    |

*Tax ID:* "LV" + 11-digit registration number (e.g. LV40003000000). Non-VAT-registered entities use the plain 11-digit reģistrācijas numurs as tax reference.

*Registration number:* "LV" + 11-digit registration number (e.g. LV40003000000). Non-VAT-registered entities use the plain 11-digit reģistrācijas numurs as tax reference.

## Sector regulators

`Latvijas Banka` · `FID` · `PTAC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Sabiedrība ar ierobežotu atbildību | SIA          | Private limited-liability company; quota-based membership interests; minimum share capital EUR 2,800 (or EUR 1 for micro-SIA); the dominant SME vehicle in Latvia. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                           |
| Akciju sabiedrība                  | AS           | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum share capital EUR 25,000; supervisory board (padome) mandatory. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                          |
| Eiropas komercsabiedrība           | SE           | European Company (Societas Europaea) governed by EU Regulation 2157/2001; share-capital company treated as AS under Latvian law; minimum share capital EUR 120,000; registered office may be transferred across EU member states without liquidation. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Individuālais komersants           | IK           | Sole trader registered with the UR; no separate legal personality from the owner; unlimited personal liability; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                              |
| Pilnsabiedrība                     | PS           | General partnership; two or more partners, all bearing unlimited joint and several liability for partnership obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                               |
| Komandītsabiedrība                 | KS           | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                            |
| Kooperatīvā sabiedrība             | ks.          | Cooperative society; voluntary association of at least three natural or legal persons formed to advance members' common economic interests; has separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                      |
| Ārvalstu komersanta filiāle        | —            | Branch of a foreign merchant registered with the UR; organisationally independent unit operating in Latvia under the foreign parent's name and legal personality; not a separate legal entity. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                             |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Reģistrācijas apliecība + UR izraksts                           |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Statūti · Dibināšanas līgums                                      |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* VID reģistrācijas apliecība + PVN reģistrācijas apliecība       |
| Operating Permit       | Pašvaldības atļauja                                                             |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Dalībnieku reģistrs · Akcionāru reģistrs                          |
| Governance Records     | UR izraksts                                                                     |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Valdes lēmums · Prokūra · Pilnvara                                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Īres līgums · Komunālo pakalpojumu rēķins · Bankas konta izraksts |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                         | Proves                                                                                                           |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Reģistrācijas apliecība (UR registration certificate)**        | Legal Registration                                                                                               |
| **UR izraksts (Uzņēmumu reģistrs current extract)**              | Legal Registration                                                                                               |
| **Statūti (SIA/AS)**                                             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                           |
| **Dibināšanas līgums (PS/KS)**                                   | Constitutive Documents                                                                                           |
| **VID reģistrācijas apliecība**                                  | Tax Registration                                                                                                 |
| **PVN reģistrācijas apliecība**                                  | Tax Registration                                                                                                 |
| **Pašvaldības atļauja (municipal permit)**                       | Operating Permit                                                                                                 |
| **Dalībnieku reģistrs (SIA — members' register)**                | Ownership Records                                                                                                |
| **Akcionāru reģistrs (AS — share register)**                     | Ownership Records                                                                                                |
| **UR izraksts (valdes locekļi)**                                 | Governance Records                                                                                               |
| **Valdes lēmums (board resolution)**                             | Signing Authority                                                                                                |
| **Prokūra (UR-registered commercial procuration)**               | Signing Authority                                                                                                |
| **Notariāli apliecināta pilnvara (notarised power of attorney)** | Signing Authority                                                                                                |
| **Īres līgums**                                                  | Address                                                                                                          |
| **Komunālo pakalpojumu rēķins (≤90 dienām)**                     | Address                                                                                                          |
| **Bankas konta izraksts (≤90 dienām)**                           | Address                                                                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                      | Latvijas Banka license (credit institution, insurance, investment firm, payment institution, e-money, CASP/MiCA) |

**Not applicable in Latvia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** UR extract is the live authoritative record; certificate alone may be stale.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Statūti are the constitutive document for capital companies; filed with UR and publicly retrievable.
* **Tax Registration:** Non-VAT entities: VID registration confirmation suffices. VAT number = "LV" + 11-digit reg. no.
* **Operating Permit:** No single universal national business license; activity-specific permits issued by relevant municipal or national authority.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Latvijas Banka absorbed FKTK effective 2023-01-01 and is now sole prudential + conduct supervisor.
* **Governance Records:** Board members (valdes locekļi) are listed on the public UR extract; padomes locekļi (supervisory board) appear for AS.
* **Signing Authority:** Prokūra is registered with UR and appears on the extract; broader PoA must be notarized.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                       | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Valdes loceklis (board member, executive)        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of valde (management board); exercises day-to-day executive authority and represents the company.           |
| Valdes priekšsēdētājs (board chair)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the management board; operational lead, not a separate supervisory role in SIA.                           |
| Padomes loceklis (supervisory board member — AS) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of padome (supervisory council); governance/oversight role in AS; cannot simultaneously be valdes loceklis. |
| Prokūrists (procurist)                           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of prokūra (registered procuration); authorized to legally bind the company; registered with UR.            |
| Pilnvarnieks (attorney-in-fact)                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized pilnvara (power of attorney); broader or limited authority as specified.                       |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                    | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Personal identity code (personas kods)` | shareholder | UR requires the Latvian personal identity code (or passport number for non-residents) for all natural-person UBOs registered in the PLG register. |

## Notes

* The VAT number and the registration number are the same 11 digits — the VAT number is simply "LV" prepended. Do not treat them as separate identifiers; confirm VAT registration status separately via VID's online registry.
* Latvijas Banka absorbed the FKTK (Financial and Capital Market Commission) on 2023-01-01. Any reference to "FKTK" in documents pre-dating 2023 now maps to Latvijas Banka's supervision department. Legacy FKTK license numbers remain valid.
* AS must have a supervisory board (padome) by statute for all joint-stock companies; padome is optional for SIA. Padomes locekļi (supervisory-board members) and valdes locekļi (management-board members) both roll up to CONTROLLING\_PERSON; capture each individually when both bodies exist.
* Micro-SIA (share capital \< EUR 2,800, min EUR 1) is a valid legal form but subject to profit distribution restrictions until capital reaches EUR 2,800; flag during onboarding if share capital appears below standard threshold.


# Lebanon
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/lebanon

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Lebanon (LBN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                     |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)              |
| ISO 3166-1   | LB / LBN                                  |
| Registry     | Ministry of Justice — Commercial Register |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Lebanon and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                | Issuer                                    |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**                                                   | Ministry of Finance                       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Commercial Register Number (Raqm al-Sijill al-Tijari)** | Ministry of Justice — Commercial Register |

*Tax ID:* Format: numeric TIN; VAT-registered entities append suffix (e.g., -601). TIN also serves as VAT number for registered entities. Standard VAT rate 11%; registration threshold raised to LL 5 billion (Budget Law 2024).

*Registration number:* Assigned by the court of first instance upon registration; searchable at [http://cr.justice.gov.lb](http://cr.justice.gov.lb) (Arabic-only interface).

## Sector regulators

`BDL` · `BCC/BCCL` · `CMA` · `ICC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation   | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------ | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Établissement individuel             | —              | Sole proprietorship; a natural person registered as a merchant in the Commercial Register; full personal unlimited liability for all business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée     | SARL           | Civil-law limited-liability company; 1–20 partners; minimum capital LL 5 million; quota transfers require 75% partner consent; governed by Decree-Law 35/1967 as amended by Law 126/2019. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                           |
| Société en Nom Collectif             | SNC            | General partnership; all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability for company debts; governed by Code of Commerce Arts. 39–73. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                          |
| Société en Commandite Simple         | SCS            | Limited partnership; general partners bear unlimited liability while limited (silent) partners are liable only to the extent of their contribution; governed by Code of Commerce Arts. 74–98. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                       |
| Société en Commandite par Actions    | SCA            | Limited partnership with share capital; one or more general partners bear unlimited liability while limited partners hold freely transferable shares; governed by Lebanese Code of Commerce Arts. 99–143. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                  |
| Société Anonyme Libanaise            | SAL            | Joint-stock company with transferable shares; minimum 3 shareholders; minimum authorized capital LL 30 million; board of 3–12 directors; at least one-third of board must be Lebanese nationals (Law 126/2019). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                              |
| Société Anonyme Libanaise — Holding  | SAL (Holding)  | SAL incorporated under the holding-company regime (Decree-Law 45/1983); object strictly limited to acquiring and managing shares in Lebanese or foreign companies; exempt from income tax on profits and dividends. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (holding company).                        |
| Société Anonyme Libanaise — Offshore | SAL (Offshore) | SAL incorporated under the offshore-company regime (Decree-Law 46/1983 as amended); operates exclusively outside Lebanese territory; subject to a flat annual tax rather than CIT; prohibited from banking, insurance, or generating Lebanese-source income. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Succursale de Société Étrangère      | —              | Branch of a foreign company registered with the Lebanese Commercial Register; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent bears full liability; may conduct commercial operations in Lebanon. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office (foreign corporation).                          |
| Bureau de Liaison                    | —              | Representative office of a foreign company; registered with the Commercial Register but restricted to marketing and promotional activities; may not generate revenue or conclude contracts in Lebanon. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office (foreign corporation).                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                         |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Commercial Register Extract                              |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Association · Acte constitutif |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Certificate                             |
| Operating Permit       | Municipal Establishment Permit                           |
| Ownership Records      | Commercial Register Extract                              |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution (Procès-verbal)                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* عقد إيجار · فاتورة خدمات · كشف حساب بنكي   |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                      | Proves                                                                                                     |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Commercial Register Extract (Extrait du Registre de Commerce)**             | Legal Registration, Ownership Records                                                                      |
| **Articles of Association**                                                   | Constitutive Documents                                                                                     |
| **Acte constitutif (notarized)**                                              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                     |
| **Tax Registration Certificate (Shihada al-Tasrih al-Darabi)**                | Tax Registration                                                                                           |
| **Municipal Establishment Permit (Ruhsat al-Mahall / Permis d'exploitation)** | Operating Permit                                                                                           |
| **Board Resolution (Procès-verbal)**                                          | Signing Authority                                                                                          |
| **عقد إيجار**                                                                 | Address                                                                                                    |
| **فاتورة خدمات (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                              | Address                                                                                                    |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                             | Address                                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                   | BDL — Banque du Liban (banking/finance), CMA Lebanon (capital markets), ICC — Insurance Control Commission |

**Not applicable in Lebanon:** Governance Records, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the court-based Commercial Register; Arabic-language portal at [http://cr.justice.gov.lb](http://cr.justice.gov.lb); request certified extract in person or via Liban Post in some jurisdictions.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single notarized document filed with the Commercial Register; for SAL, also includes incorporation minutes and bank deposit certificate.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by MoF; reflects NIF/TIN; VAT registration certificate is separate if applicable.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by municipality (Beirut or provincial); sector-neutral; required for physical establishment.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated-sector entities.
* **Signing Authority:** For SARL, gérant authority derives from articles or assembly resolution; for SAL, board resolution or notarized POA required for non-board signatories. Notarization by Lebanese notary; no apostille available (see callouts).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL)                               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manager appointed in articles or by assembly; day-to-day operational authority. |
| Administrateur (SAL board member)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Elected member of the Conseil d'Administration; governance role.                |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration (SAL) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chairman; governance, not operations (unless also DG).                    |
| Directeur Général / DG (SAL)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive appointed by board; operational authority.                            |
| Mandataire / Fondé de Pouvoir               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized POA; authorized to legally bind the company.                |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                          | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------ | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `Nationality of board members` | shareholder | SAL requires at least 1/3 of board members to be Lebanese nationals (Code of Commerce Art. 144 as amended by Law 126/2019); nationality must be verified for compliance. |

## Notes

* Banking sector operational constraints: Since 2019, Lebanese commercial banks operate under informal capital controls; bank-issued statements and certificates may be unobtainable or unreliable. Use non-bank proof-of-address alternatives and verify banking relationships with extreme caution.
* No Hague Apostille: Lebanon is not a party to the Apostille Convention; document legalization requires the full embassy/MoFAF chain. Foreign-issued documents must be legalized via the originating country's MFA and then the Lebanese embassy.
* Commercial Register portal is Arabic-only: [http://cr.justice.gov.lb](http://cr.justice.gov.lb) is accessible but requires Arabic queries; certified extracts must be requested in person at the relevant court's Commercial Register office. Operational delays are common given institutional strain.


# Lesotho
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/lesotho

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Lesotho (LSO) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                         |
| ------------ | ----------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | LS / LSO                      |
| Registry     | Registrar of Companies (OBFC) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Lesotho and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                         |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN (Tax Identification Number)** | Revenue Services Lesotho (RSL) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Registrar of Companies (OBFC)  |

*Tax ID:* 8-digit numeric; single number used across income tax, VAT, and customs. Issued on company tax registration.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation; printed on Certificate of Incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`CBL` · `FIU Lesotho` · `RSL`

## Legal structures

| Local name         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ------------------ | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company    | (Pty) Ltd    | Closely-held share-capital company; maximum 50 shareholders with restricted share transfer; cannot offer shares to the public. Minimum 1 director. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                |
| Public Company     | Ltd          | Share-capital company with unlimited shareholders; may issue shares to the public and list on a stock exchange. Minimum 2 directors. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                           |
| Non-Profit Company | NPC          | Incorporated entity with no share capital; income and assets must be applied solely to stated non-profit objects; no dividends may be declared. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                                                     |
| Sole Trader        | —            | Single natural person carrying on business in their own name or under a registered trade name; no separate legal personality and unlimited personal liability. Registered under the Business Licensing and Registration Act 2019. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Partnership        | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together for profit; each partner bears joint and unlimited personal liability for partnership debts. Registered under the Business Licensing and Registration Act 2019. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                 |
| External Company   | —            | Foreign company that has established a place of business in Lesotho and must register with the Registrar of Companies within 10 days. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office of a foreign corporation.                                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation                                     |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Trading License                                               |
| Ownership Records      | Company Share Register                                        |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                | Proves                 |
| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (OBFC)** | Legal Registration     |
| **Articles of Incorporation**           | Constitutive Documents |
| **TIN Certificate (RSL)**               | Tax Registration       |
| **Trading License (BLRA 2019)**         | Operating Permit       |
| **Company Share Register**              | Ownership Records      |
| **Register of Directors**               | Governance Records     |
| **Board Resolution**                    | Signing Authority      |
| **Power of Attorney**                   | Signing Authority      |
| **Lease Agreement**                     | Address                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**         | Address                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**       | Address                |
| **Sector-Specific License**             | CBL license            |

**Not applicable in Lesotho:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Registrar under Companies Act 2011 s.7; conclusive evidence of incorporation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with Registrar at incorporation (Companies Act 2011); Memorandum of Association abolished. Model articles in Schedules 2–4.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Revenue Services Lesotho after company tax registration; required for all business operations.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by OBFC / Ministry of Trade under Business Licensing and Registration Act, 2019; max 14 days to issue.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBL issues licenses for banking, insurance, and microfinance under Financial Institutions Act 2012; payment services currently under Payment Systems Act 2014 (replacement Payment Systems Act 2025 progressing through National Assembly — July 2025 amendments; royal assent unconfirmed as of 2026-05-06).
* **Ownership Records:** Share register maintained by the company under the Companies Act 2011.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained by company under Companies Act 2011; director details filed with Registrar at OBFC; extractable from online registry.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution for account-opening and transactions; notarized PoA for external signatories. Notary public must sign and affix seal for documents used cross-border.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                 |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage company; at least 1 required (private), 2 (public).     |
| Authorized Signatory / PoA Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized by board resolution or notarized PoA to bind the company. |

## Notes

* The Memorandum of Association no longer exists under the Companies Act 2011 — the Articles of Incorporation is the sole constitutive document; do not request a MEMART.
* Foreign businesses where any proprietor, shareholder, partner, or director is not an "indigenous citizen" (ancestry traceable to at least three generations of Lesotho citizenship) are barred from reserved sectors under Business Licensing and Registration Regulations, Regulation 34; full enforcement was targeted for January 2026.
* Lesotho is a Hague Apostille Convention party by succession effective 4 October 1966 (succession declared 24 April 1972); foreign documents require an original apostille.


# Liberia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/liberia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Liberia (LBR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                 |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | LR / LBR                              |
| Registry     | LBR (domestic) / LISCR (non-resident) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Liberia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer                                |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN (Taxpayer Identification Number)** | Liberia Revenue Authority (LRA)       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Registration Number**                  | LBR (domestic) / LISCR (non-resident) |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit numeric. Business TIN obtained at registration through LBR; same number serves as GST/VAT ID.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation; appears on Business Registration Certificate.

## Sector regulators

`CBL` · `FIA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                 | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Corporation                | Inc.         | US-style stock corporation; at least 1 director and 1 shareholder of any nationality; no mandatory minimum capital; separate legal personality with transferable shares. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                |
| Not-for-Profit Corporation | —            | Non-share-capital corporation formed for charitable, religious, educational, or other public-benefit purposes under the Not-for-Profit Corporation Act (Title 5); may not distribute profits to members. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)). |
| Limited Liability Company  | LLC          | Member-managed or manager-managed entity providing limited liability with pass-through flexibility; formed by filing a Certificate of Formation with LBR; no mandatory minimum capital. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                    |
| General Partnership        | —            | Two or more partners sharing profits and bearing joint and several liability for obligations; governed by the Partnership Act (Title 5). Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                              |
| Limited Partnership        | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution; governed by the LP Act (Title 5, amended 2022). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                               |
| Sole Proprietorship        | —            | Single natural person trading under a registered business name; owner bears unlimited personal liability for all obligations; registered at LBR with a business-name reservation and proprietor ID. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                        |
| Private Foundation         | —            | Separate legal entity formed for wealth preservation or family estate planning under the Private Foundation Law (Title 5); may not engage in commercial trading; minimal public disclosure requirements. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust.          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                              |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Business Registration Certificate                                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Certificate of Formation                            |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Clearance Certificate                                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Business Operating Permit                                                                     |
| Ownership Records      | Share Register                                                                                |
| Governance Records     | Directors Register                                                                            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Business Registration Certificate (current year) |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                       | Proves                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Business Registration Certificate (LBR)**                                    | Legal Registration                                                                  |
| **Articles of Incorporation (corporations)**                                   | Constitutive Documents                                                              |
| **Certificate of Formation (LLCs)**                                            | Constitutive Documents                                                              |
| **Tax Clearance Certificate (LRA)**                                            | Tax Registration                                                                    |
| **Business Operating Permit (MOCI)**                                           | Operating Permit                                                                    |
| **Share Register**                                                             | Ownership Records                                                                   |
| **Directors Register (LBR annual filing)**                                     | Governance Records                                                                  |
| **Board Resolution**                                                           | Signing Authority                                                                   |
| **Power of Attorney**                                                          | Signing Authority                                                                   |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                            | Address                                                                             |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                                | Address                                                                             |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                              | Address                                                                             |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (LISCR — non-resident entities)**               | Good Standing                                                                       |
| **Business Registration Certificate — annual renewal (LBR domestic entities)** | Good Standing                                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                    | CBL License (banking/insurance/e-payment), FIA authorization (AML-obliged entities) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Must be renewed annually. Foreign corps also need a Certificate of Good Standing from home jurisdiction.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Articles are the sole foundational document for corporations; no MOA/AOA split.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued electronically via eTax Clearance portal; validity ranges from 45 days (conditional/non-compliant) to 360 days (annual/audited), by compliance tier.
* **Operating Permit:** Sector-specific permits required in addition to LBR registration; issued by relevant supervisory authority.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBL issues separate licenses per financial-services category; FIA supervises AML/CFT compliance.
* **Governance Records:** Annual filing requirement; directors and officers recorded by LBR. Directors need not be Liberian residents or nationals.
* **Signing Authority:** Officers execute decisions within scope authorized by the board; POA acceptable for registration filings.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Non-resident entities: LISCR issues a distinct Certificate of Good Standing confirming continued legal existence and administrative compliance. Domestic entities: the annually-renewed Business Registration Certificate (12-month validity) serves as the active-status proxy; LBR does not appear to issue a separate named CoGS.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                               |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages corporation; at least 1 required; no residency requirement.                                       |
| President / CEO               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer; executes board decisions; signs on behalf of corporation.                              |
| Manager (LLC)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational manager of an LLC where management is not reserved to members.                                |
| Registered Agent (LISCR)      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Mandatory legal representative for all non-resident entities; exclusive role held by LISCR Trust Company. |
| Attorney-in-fact / POA holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized by notarized or board-authorized POA to bind the entity.                                |

## Notes

* Two parallel registries: LBR handles domestic (resident) entities; LISCR handles non-resident offshore entities. Non-resident entities may not conduct business inside Liberia. Confirm which registry the onboarding entity uses before requesting documents.
* Annual renewal required: The Business Registration Certificate must be renewed each year at LBR. An expired certificate is a common deficiency. Request the current-year certificate, not just the original.
* Apostille with bilateral gaps: Liberia acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention (in force 8 Feb 1996), but Belgium and Germany filed unresolved objections. Documents destined for Belgium or Germany require full consular legalization, not apostille.
* GST → VAT transition in progress: Liberia's GST rate rose from 12% to 13% effective 1 May 2026 (Tax Amendment Act). 18% VAT launches 1 January 2027; VAT registration opens 1 July 2026. Tax certificates currently reflect 13% GST; verify registration status after 1 Jan 2027.


# Liechtenstein
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/liechtenstein

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Liechtenstein (LIE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Europe                                                                                                                                                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | LI / LIE                                                                                                                                                     |
| Registry     | [Handelsregister des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (Commercial Register of the Principality of Liechtenstein) — Amt für Justiz](https://www.handelsregister.li/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Liechtenstein and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                                               | Issuer                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **FL-UID (Mehrwertsteuer-Identifikationsnummer) / PEID (Personenidentifikationsnummer)** | Steuerverwaltung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (Tax Administration) / Amt für Statistik |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **FL-Nummer (Öffentliche Register-Nummer / Handelsregisternummer)**                      | Handelsregisteramt des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (Amt für Justiz)                       |

*Tax ID:* Two co-existing identifiers: (1) FL-UID — Liechtenstein's VAT registration number, format FL-XXXXXXXXX (FL prefix + 9 digits), issued by the Steuerverwaltung upon VAT registration, mandatory on invoices, verified via mwstregister.li. Liechtenstein and Switzerland share a customs union territory (MWST-Gebiet) so the FL-UID is a Liechtenstein-specific derivation from the Swiss UID system but is NOT part of the EU VIES system. (2) PEID (Personenidentifikationsnummer) — the master tax reference number assigned to every legal entity and natural person by the Amt für Statistik; format: purely numeric, 4–12 digits, no separators, no check digit; serves automatically as the Steuernummer for direct taxes. Neither identifier is issued on a dedicated paper certificate in all cases; the MWST-Bescheinigung (VAT registration confirmation) and the PEID notification letter are the primary tax documents.

*Registration number:* Unique public register number assigned to every entity entered in the Handelsregister. Format: FL-XXX.XXX.XXX-X (FL prefix, nine digits grouped in three triplets, hyphen, one check digit). Appears on every Handelsregister-Auszug and on official correspondence from the Amt für Justiz. Assigned at first registration; never reused. Entities acquire legal personality only upon entry in the register (Art. 106 PGR for AG; Art. 395 PGR for GmbH).

## Sector regulators

`FMA (Finanzmarktaufsicht Liechtenstein)` · `Steuerverwaltung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein` · `Amt für Justiz (STIFA/GWP — Foundation Supervision & Anti-Money Laundering)` · `Amt für Volkswirtschaft (Office of Economic Affairs — trade licensing)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Aktiengesellschaft                    | AG           | Joint-stock corporation governed by Art. 261–387 PGR (1926, as amended); minimum share capital CHF/EUR/USD 50,000 (fully paid up at formation); capital divided into registered or bearer shares; one or more directors (Verwaltungsrat); mandatory external auditor for larger entities; three-director board required if share capital exceeds CHF 1 million; shares freely transferable unless restricted by statutes; widely used for holding companies, trading entities, and EEA-passportable financial services. Liechtenstein is an EEA member, so an AG can passport financial services into the EEA under MiFID II, AIFMD, etc. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | GmbH         | Private limited liability company governed by Art. 388–438 PGR; minimum share capital CHF/EUR/USD 10,000; two or more members (Gesellschafter), each contributing a minimum of CHF 50; liability limited to contributed capital; governed by managing directors (Geschäftsführer); simplified formation without notarization permitted since the 2017 GmbH reform for up to three members and one manager; register of members (Gesellschafterliste) maintained; no public share register. The standard SME vehicle in Liechtenstein. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Anstalt                               | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Stiftung                              | —            | Foundation governed by Art. 552–570 PGR (as revised by the Foundation Act Reform 2008, LGBl. 2008/220, effective 2009-04-01); a legal entity with no members — assets dedicated to a defined purpose by the founder; minimum foundation capital CHF/EUR/USD 30,000; governed by a Foundation Council (Stiftungsrat); commercial activities permitted only where ancillary to a non-commercial purpose (pure commercial foundations prohibited); subject to mandatory registration in the Handelsregister; private-benefit (family/asset-protection) foundations and charitable foundations are both permitted; supervised by the Stiftungsaufsicht (Foundation Supervision) within the Office of Justice (STIFA/GWP unit) for private-benefit foundations. Foundation documents consist of the Stiftungsurkunde (deed of foundation) and Stiftungsstatuten (statutes). Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust or private foundation. |
| Treuunternehmen                       | Trust reg.   | Registered Trust Enterprise — a uniquely Liechtensteinese entity governed by the Law on Trust Enterprises (Treuhänderschaftsgesetz, TrHG) of 1928 as incorporated into the PGR; possesses separate legal personality; functions similarly to a Massachusetts business trust; assets managed by trustees under the company's own name; may be structured as a corporation-type or foundation-type trust enterprise; widely used for investment asset holding and estate planning; must be registered in the Handelsregister; not subject to notarization requirements. Closest US equivalent: Massachusetts Business Trust.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Kollektivgesellschaft                 | —            | General partnership governed by Art. 167–221 PGR; two or more partners (natural persons or legal entities) carrying on commercial activity jointly under a collective name; each partner bears unlimited joint-and-several liability for partnership debts; no minimum capital; partnership has legal standing to sue and hold assets in its own name under the PGR framework; registration in the Handelsregister required. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Kommanditgesellschaft                 | KG           | Limited partnership governed by Art. 222–259 PGR; at least one general partner (Komplementär) with unlimited personal liability and one or more limited partners (Kommanditisten) whose liability is capped at their registered contribution; no minimum capital requirement; must be registered in the Handelsregister; used for investment structures and professional service firms. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Kommanditaktiengesellschaft           | KmAG         | Partnership limited by shares governed by PGR; hybrid structure: capital divided into shares (like an AG) with one or more general partners bearing unlimited liability; rarely used in practice but available under the PGR; must be registered in the Handelsregister. Closest US equivalent: no direct US equivalent; most analogous to a Master Limited Partnership (MLP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Genossenschaft                        | —            | Cooperative society governed by Art. 856–946 PGR; member-owned entity; variable membership; members share liability per the chosen liability variant (unlimited, limited, or with additional contribution obligation); used for economic self-help among members; no fixed minimum capital; must be registered in the Handelsregister. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Einzelfirma                           | —            | Sole proprietorship (also called Einzelunternehmen) governed by the PGR and trade law; a single natural person carrying on commercial activity in their own name; no separate legal entity from the owner; owner bears unlimited personal liability; registration in the Handelsregister required if the enterprise reaches a commercial scale; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Zweigniederlassung                    | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered in Liechtenstein's Handelsregister; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent entity remains fully liable; must appoint a local representative; subject to Liechtenstein trade law for activities conducted in the Principality; governed by Art. 671 PGR and ancillary regulations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Handelsregister-Auszug                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Statuten · Stiftungsurkunde · Gründungsakt      |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* MWST-Bescheinigung · PEID-Bestätigung           |
| Operating Permit       | Gewerbebewilligung                                            |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Gesellschafterliste · Aktienbuch                |
| Governance Records     | Handelsregister-Auszug                                        |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Verwaltungsratsbeschluss · Vollmacht            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Mietvertrag · Versorgungsrechnung · Kontoauszug |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                      | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Handelsregister-Auszug (Commercial Register Extract)**                      | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Statuten (Articles of Association — AG / GmbH / Anstalt / Genossenschaft)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Stiftungsurkunde (Foundation Deed — Stiftung)**                             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Gründungsakt (Establishment Deed — Anstalt / Treuunternehmen)**             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **MWST-Bescheinigung (VAT Registration Certificate)**                         | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **PEID-Bestätigung (Tax ID Confirmation Letter)**                             | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Gewerbebewilligung (Trade / Business Licence)**                             | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Gesellschafterliste (GmbH Register of Members)**                            | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Aktienbuch (AG Share Register)**                                            | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Verwaltungsratsbeschluss (Board Resolution)**                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Vollmacht (Power of Attorney)**                                             | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Mietvertrag (Lease Agreement)**                                             | Address                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Versorgungsrechnung (Utility Bill, ≤90 days)**                              | Address                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Kontoauszug (Bank Statement, ≤90 days)**                                    | Address                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                   | FMA Banking Licence, FMA Payment Services Licence, FMA Asset Management / Investment Firm Licence, FMA Crypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP) Authorisation (MiCA), FMA Insurance Licence |

**Not applicable in Liechtenstein:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** The official extract from the Handelsregister (Handelsregister-Auszug) is the primary proof of legal registration in Liechtenstein. Issued by the Amt für Justiz — Handelsregisteramt. A partial (uncertified) extract is available free of charge via handelsregister.li; a certified full extract (beglaubigter Auszug) must be ordered for a fee and is delivered by mail. The extract is issued exclusively in German. It records: FL-Nummer, legal name (Firma), legal form (Rechtsform), registered office (Sitz), date of registration (Eintragungsdatum), purpose/object (Zweck), registered capital (Stammkapital/Grundkapital), management board members and authorized signatories, and current legal standing. The extract also serves as proof of management/directors (Verwaltungsrat or Geschäftsführer) and authorized signatories. Governed by the Handelsregistergesetz (HRG) and the Handelsregisterverordnung (HRV). For AG and GmbH entities, shareholder details may also appear in the extract for smaller entities.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The constitutive document name varies by entity form. For an AG: Statuten (articles of association), authenticated by a notary (öffentliche Beurkundung), filed with the Handelsregister at formation; must contain company name, registered seat, object, share capital, and governance rules. For a GmbH: Statuten drafted by founders and filed at the Handelsregister; notarization required for standard formation, waived for simplified formation (≤3 members, 1 manager, since 2017 reform). For an Anstalt: a Gründungsakt (establishment deed) and Statuten; notarization not required. For a Stiftung: a Stiftungsurkunde (foundation deed) plus Stiftungsstatuten; notarization not required; the Stiftungsurkunde must name the foundation, registered seat, purpose, and endowment. For a Treuunternehmen: formation deed as prescribed by TrHG. All documents filed with and available from the Handelsregister.
* **Tax Registration:** Liechtenstein levies a flat 12.5% corporate income tax (Ertragssteuer) and no municipal business tax. There is no withholding tax on dividends, interest, or royalties paid to non-residents, and no corporate-level capital gains tax on most transactions. Effective 1 January 2024, Liechtenstein also applies a Qualified Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax (QDMTT) and Income Inclusion Rule (IIR) at 15% to constituent entities of MNE groups and large domestic groups with annual revenue exceeding EUR 750 million (Law No. 640.2, gazetted 22 December 2023). Affected entities register with the Steuerverwaltung using their existing PEID; no separate Pillar Two identifier is issued. The Undertaxed Profits Rule (UTPR) applies to periods beginning on or after 1 January 2025. No separate business licence acts as the fiscal instrument here.
* **Operating Permit:** Liechtenstein's Trade Act (Gewerbegesetz, GewG) distinguishes between trades requiring a permit (bewilligungspflichtige Gewerbe) and trades requiring registration only (anmeldepflichtige Gewerbe). The Trade Act came into force on 1 January 2021 and replaced the prior trade licensing framework. The Gewerbebewilligung (trade/business licence) is issued by the Amt für Volkswirtschaft (Office of Economic Affairs) for qualified trades listed in Annex 1 of the Gewerbeverordnung (Trade Regulation Ordinance); examples include construction trades, skilled crafts, and certain services. General unregulated commercial activities and holding companies do not require a Gewerbebewilligung; they only register in the Handelsregister. Because the requirement is activity-specific and does not apply to all businesses, this document slot is applicable only where the entity is engaged in a licensed trade category. Financial services, banking, and fund management are covered under the FMA regulatory licence (see regulatory\_license), not the Gewerbebewilligung.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Financial Market Authority Liechtenstein (FMA) is the sole prudential regulator for all financial services activities. As an EEA member, Liechtenstein transposes EU financial services directives (MiFID II via VVG, AIFMD via AIFMG, CRD via BankG, PSD2, Solvency II, MiCA, etc.). Regulated activities require a prior FMA Bewilligung or Zulassung (authorisation/licence). Main licence categories: banking licence (Bankbewilligung under Bankengesetz, BankG); payment institution licence (under Zahlungsdienstegesetz, ZDG); electronic money institution licence; investment firm / asset management licence (under Vermögensverwaltungsgesetz, VVG); AIFM licence (under AIFMG); insurance licence (under Versicherungsaufsichtsgesetz, VersAG); CASP authorisation (Crypto-Asset Service Provider under MiCA, effective 2024–2025); fund administrator licence; crowdfunding platform licence. EEA passport allows FMA-licensed entities to operate across the EEA without additional host-country licences. Licence register publicly searchable at fma-li.li.
* **Governance Records:** Directors and authorized signatories are registered in the Handelsregister and appear on every Handelsregister-Auszug. For AG: the Verwaltungsrat (board of directors) and authorised signatories (Zeichnungsberechtigte) with their signing powers (Einzel- or Kollektivunterschrift) are listed. For GmbH: the Geschäftsführer (managing director) is registered. For Anstalt: the Vorstand (board). For Stiftung: the Stiftungsrat (foundation council) members. All changes to board composition must be reported to and entered in the Handelsregister; the extract reflects the current state. No separate directors registry document exists; the Handelsregister-Auszug is the authoritative source.
* **Signing Authority:** Signing authority is most commonly evidenced by a Verwaltungsratsbeschluss (board resolution) on company letterhead, authorizing a named person to act on behalf of the entity. Alternatively, a notarially certified Vollmacht (power of attorney) may be used. No statutory form is prescribed; company letterhead resolution is standard practice. Prokura (commercial power of attorney under the PGR, Art. 862 et seq.) is registered in the Handelsregister and visible on the Auszug — a Prokurist's authority is publicly verifiable without a separate POA document. Liechtenstein is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (acceded 1972-10-06); apostilles are issued by the Fürstliche Regierung (Government of Liechtenstein).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank documents dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. Documents will be in German (official language of Liechtenstein). Liechtenstein's main utility provider is LKW (Liechtensteinische Kraftwerke) for electricity and gas. Banks include LGT Bank, VP Bank, Liechtensteinische Landesbank (LLB), and Bank Frick.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                           | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Verwaltungsrat (AG / Anstalt)        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board of directors of an AG or Anstalt; collectively governs and represents the entity; registered in the Handelsregister; at least one director required (three if capital >CHF 1M for AG); bears fiduciary duties under the PGR.                                |
| Geschäftsführer (GmbH)               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing director of a GmbH; appointed by the members; registered in the Handelsregister; sole or multiple managing directors; responsible for day-to-day management and legal representation.                                                                    |
| Stiftungsrat (Stiftung)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Foundation Council — the governing body of a Stiftung; members registered in the Handelsregister; appoints beneficiaries and manages foundation assets; subject to supervision by the Stiftungsaufsicht (STIFA/GWP unit of the Amt für Justiz).                   |
| Komplementär (KG / KmAG)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner of a Kommanditgesellschaft or Kommanditaktiengesellschaft; bears unlimited personal liability for partnership debts; responsible for management; registered in the Handelsregister.                                                               |
| Prokurist                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of Prokura — a broad commercial power of attorney registered in the Handelsregister (Art. 862 PGR); authority to bind the company in all commercial transactions; scope visible on the Handelsregister-Auszug (Einzel- or Kollektivunterschrift notation). |
| Bevollmächtigter (Vollmachtsinhaber) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a notarially certified or board-authorized Vollmacht; authority limited to scope of the power of attorney; binds the company within that scope; may be an employee, lawyer, or trustee.                                                                 |

## Notes

* Liechtenstein is an EEA member (since 1995) but NOT an EU member. It transposes EU financial services directives via domestic legislation, enabling EEA financial passport rights for FMA-licensed entities. This is a primary reason Liechtenstein is used as a domicile for fintech, payment institutions, and asset managers seeking EEA access.
* Liechtenstein operates a customs union with Switzerland; its VAT territory (MWST-Gebiet) is shared with Switzerland. A Liechtenstein FL-UID is NOT searchable via the EU VIES system — verify directly at mwstregister.li.
* Documents from the Handelsregister are issued exclusively in German. No English translations are officially produced by the registry. Expect all Handelsregister-Auszug extracts and constitutive documents (Statuten, Stiftungsurkunde, Gründungsakt) to be in German.
* Liechtenstein's Apostille Convention accession (1972) means all notarized or officially issued company documents can be apostilled by the Fürstliche Regierung for international use. Request apostilled versions of the Handelsregister-Auszug when receiving from offshore-managed Liechtenstein entities.
* Bearer shares in AGs were historically common in Liechtenstein but are now subject to mandatory identification requirements under the VwbPG and FATF standards. An entity with bearer shares that cannot identify the shareholders must be treated as high-risk.
* Liechtenstein's corporate income tax (Ertragssteuer) is a flat 12.5% on net profit. There is no withholding tax on dividends paid to foreign recipients, and no capital gains tax at the corporate level for most transactions. Effective 1 January 2024, constituent entities of MNE groups with annual revenue exceeding EUR 750 million are also subject to a 15% Qualified Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax (QDMTT) and Income Inclusion Rule (IIR) under Law No. 640.2. This tax profile continues to attract holding companies and private wealth structures for groups below the EUR 750M threshold — Conduit will frequently see Anstalt and Stiftung entities rather than operating GmbH/AG entities.


# Lithuania
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/lithuania

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Lithuania (LTU) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                  |
| ------------ | ---------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                 |
| ISO 3166-1   | LT / LTU               |
| Registry     | Registrų centras (JAR) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06             |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Lithuania and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name             | Issuer                 |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **PVM mokėtojo kodas** | VMI                    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Įmonės kodas**       | Registrų centras (JAR) |

*Tax ID:* Format: "LT" + 9-digit company code + 3-digit suffix (e.g. LT123456789011). Certificate FR0618 issued on VAT registration. Non-VAT entities use the company code only.

*Registration number:* 9-digit numeric identifier. Assigned at registration; appears on all JAR extracts and official documents.

## Sector regulators

`Lietuvos bankas` · `FNTT` · `Registrų centras`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Uždaroji akcinė bendrovė             | UAB          | Private limited-liability company; minimum share capital €2,500; 1–250 shareholders; shares not publicly tradable. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                         |
| Akcinė bendrovė                      | AB           | Public joint-stock company; minimum share capital €40,000; shares may be listed on regulated markets (e.g., Nasdaq Vilnius); supervisory or executive board mandatory. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                  |
| Mažoji bendrija                      | MB           | Small limited-liability entity; up to 10 members, all natural persons; no minimum capital; members bear no personal liability for entity obligations. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                      |
| Tikroji ūkinė bendrija               | TŪB          | General partnership; two or more natural or legal persons; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                       |
| Komanditinė ūkinė bendrija           | KŪB          | Limited partnership; one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                          |
| Individuali įmonė                    | IĮ           | Individual enterprise registered in JAR as a separate legal entity; owned and operated by a single natural person who bears unlimited personal liability for all obligations; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship.          |
| Individuali veikla                   | —            | Self-employed individual activity status registered with VMI/Sodra; not a separate JAR legal entity; the natural person trades under their own name and bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship (DBA).          |
| Kooperatinė bendrovė                 | —            | Cooperative society; member-owned entity governed by cooperative principles; registered in JAR; used in agriculture, credit, housing, and consumer sectors. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                        |
| Viešoji įstaiga                      | VšĮ          | Public institution; non-profit legal entity established to pursue public benefit purposes; may carry on commercial activity ancillary to its mission; commonly used for NGOs, healthcare, and education. Equivalent to a US nonprofit corporation. |
| Užsienio įmonės filialas / atstovybė | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign company registered in JAR; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent retains full liability. Equivalent to a US foreign branch or representative office.                                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                        |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | JAR Išrašas                                                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | Įstatai                                                                                 |
| Tax Registration       | VMI PVM mokėtojo pažymėjimas                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Verslo liudijimas · Savivaldybės leidimas                                 |
| Ownership Records      | JADIS extract                                                                           |
| Governance Records     | JAR Išrašas                                                                             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Valdybos sprendimas · Notarinis įgaliojimas                               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Nuomos sutartis · Komunalinių paslaugų sąskaita · Banko sąskaitos išrašas |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                       | Proves                                                                            |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **JAR Išrašas (Register of Legal Entities extract)**           | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                            |
| **Įstatai (Articles of Association / constitutive document)**  | Constitutive Documents                                                            |
| **VMI PVM mokėtojo pažymėjimas (FR0618)**                      | Tax Registration                                                                  |
| **Verslo liudijimas (business licence for listed activities)** | Operating Permit                                                                  |
| **Savivaldybės leidimas (municipal operating permit)**         | Operating Permit                                                                  |
| **JADIS extract**                                              | Ownership Records                                                                 |
| **Valdybos sprendimas (board/member resolution)**              | Signing Authority                                                                 |
| **Notarinis įgaliojimas (notarised power of attorney)**        | Signing Authority                                                                 |
| **Nuomos sutartis**                                            | Address                                                                           |
| **Komunalinių paslaugų sąskaita (≤90 dienų)**                  | Address                                                                           |
| **Banko sąskaitos išrašas (≤90 dienų)**                        | Address                                                                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                    | Lietuvos bankas licence (EMI/PI/credit institution/crypto-asset service provider) |

**Not applicable in Lithuania:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Order from registrucentras.lt; electronic certified extract (ESI) stays valid until next data change; €1.50–€2.93 per extract.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single document for UAB and AB. Notarized at formation; amendments must be re-registered in JAR.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by VMI on VAT registration. Non-VAT entities: request corporate tax registration confirmation from VMI EDS portal.
* **Operating Permit:** Verslo liudijimas is a fixed-tax permit for specific small-scale activities; general commercial entities obtain a municipal permit or sector permit from the relevant authority. No single national general-trade licence.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Lietuvos bankas is the integrated regulator. EMI/PI licences issued under PSD2 / e-Money Directive (as transposed); MiCA CASP authorisation required from 2026-01-01. FNTT supervises DNFBPs (real estate, accountants, notaries).
* **Ownership Records:** JADIS (Juridinių asmenų narių informacinė sistema) holds current members and shareholders. Order via registrucentras.lt; access may require registration and demonstrated purpose for non-obliged entities.
* **Governance Records:** Management body members are registered in JAR and publicly searchable. Changes must be filed within 5 business days.
* **Signing Authority:** For routine account-opening: valdybos sprendimas suffices. For acts requiring delegation to a non-officer: notarized įgaliojimas required. Remote incorporation may use a notarized POA granted by the founder.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                  |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Vadovas (Managing Director / Director General)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole executive management body; day-to-day authority; signs contracts and represents the company by default. |
| Valdybos narys (Executive Board member)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of valdyba (Executive Board); collegial governance body in AB or optionally in UAB.                   |
| Stebėtojų tarybos narys (Supervisory Board member) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of stebėtojų taryba; oversight and control role; mandatory in AB if no valdyba.                       |
| Įgaliotinis / POA holder (attorney-in-fact)        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized įgaliojimas; authorized to bind the company within the scope of the power.               |

## Notes

* No separate "Certificate of Incorporation" document. Lithuania does not issue a standalone incorporation certificate analogous to UK Companies House CoI. The primary formation evidence is the JAR Išrašas (register extract) plus the Įstatai (articles). Order both for a complete KYB file.
* VMI tax registration ≠ VAT registration. The VAT certificate (FR0618) is issued only upon VAT registration (mandatory threshold: €45,000 domestic revenue). Entities below the threshold will not have an FR0618; verify tax registration separately via VMI's EDS portal.
* Lithuania is a major EMI/PI hub. As of end-2024, \~119 licensed EMIs and PIs are supervised by Lietuvos bankas. Cross-border fintechs onboarding Lithuanian-licensed counterparties should collect the Lietuvos bankas licence alongside the standard KYB bundle; verify licence status at lb.lt/en/fs-electronic-money-institutions.
* AMLR transition pending. EU AMLR (Regulation (EU) 2024/1624) applies directly from 2027-07-10; AMLD6 (Directive (EU) 2024/1640) transposition deadline is 2027-07-10. Until then, existing Law VIII-275 and JANGIS access rules govern. Monitor for amendments in 2026–2027.


# Luxembourg
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/luxembourg

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Luxembourg (LUX) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | LU / LUX   |
| Registry     | LBR (RCS)  |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Luxembourg and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                  | Issuer                        |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Numéro de matricule / numéro de dossier** | ACD (direct taxes); AED (VAT) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCS**                              | LBR (RCS)                     |

*Tax ID:* 11-digit national identifier for legal entities (year 4 digits + legal form code 2 digits + sequence 5 digits). VAT number prefixed LU (8 digits) issued by AED.

*Registration number:* Prefix letter + digits, e.g. "B 283312". "B" denotes commercial companies; other prefixes (A, C, D, E, F, G, H) cover other registrant categories.

## Sector regulators

`CSSF` · `CAA` · `BCL`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Société à responsabilité limitée             | SARL         | Private limited-liability company; 1–100 shareholders; minimum capital €12,000 (fully paid); the most common SME and subsidiary form. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                            |
| Société à responsabilité limitée simplifiée  | SARL-S       | Simplified SARL with €1 minimum capital; no notarial deed required; restricted to natural-person shareholders; intended for early-stage or low-capital ventures. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                 |
| Société anonyme                              | SA           | Public limited company with freely transferable registered shares; minimum capital €30,000 (25% paid on formation); board or sole-director governance; mandatory audit. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                   |
| Société par actions simplifiée               | SAS          | Simplified joint-stock company introduced in 2016; minimum capital €30,000; notarial deed required; wide governance flexibility; shares transferable. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                     |
| Societas Europaea                            | SE           | European public limited company governed by EC Regulation 2157/2001 and the Luxembourg Law of 25 August 2006; minimum capital €120,000; formed by cross-border merger or conversion of an SA; shares freely transferable. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                 |
| Société en commandite par actions            | SCA          | Partnership limited by shares; one or more unlimited-liability gérants (general partners) plus limited shareholders holding freely transferable shares; used for listed vehicles and fund structures. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                         |
| Société en commandite simple                 | SCS          | Simple limited partnership with separate legal personality; no minimum capital; one or more unlimited-liability general partners plus one or more limited partners. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                                                           |
| Société en commandite spéciale               | SCSp         | Special limited partnership without separate legal personality; no minimum capital; dominant vehicle for Luxembourg private equity and alternative investment funds; obligations fall on the general partner. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                 |
| Société en nom collectif                     | SNC          | General partnership; two or more partners each bearing unlimited joint-and-several liability; separate legal personality upon RCS registration; no minimum capital. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                          |
| Entrepreneur individuel                      | —            | Sole trader — a natural person conducting commercial or craft activity under their own name; registered with the RCS; unlimited personal liability; annual accounts filing required only if turnover exceeds €100,000 excl. VAT. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Société coopérative                          | SC           | Cooperative company with variable capital and a variable number of members; shares are non-transferable to third parties; requires at least two founding members; registered with the RCS. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                           |
| Société civile                               | —            | Civil-law company for non-commercial purposes such as asset holding, agricultural, or liberal-profession activities; no minimum capital; partners bear unlimited liability proportional to their interest. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                   |
| Groupement d'intérêt économique              | GIE          | Economic interest grouping; an intermediate structure between a company and an association, with legal personality; no minimum capital required; used for pooling resources among existing businesses. Closest US equivalent: Business Trust.                            |
| Association sans but lucratif                | ASBL         | Non-profit association; minimum two members; no profit distribution; must register with the RCS; commonly used by charities, professional bodies, and civil-society organisations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                             |
| Succursale (branche d'une société étrangère) | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company; not a separate legal entity — the parent company bears full liability; must register with the RCS and obtain an autorisation d'établissement before commencing activity. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                               |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCS                                                                                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Acte constitutif · Statuts                                                                       |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Certificat d'immatriculation TVA + Avis de numéro de dossier                                   |
| Operating Permit       | Autorisation d'établissement                                                                                   |
| Governance Records     | Extrait RCS                                                                                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Résolution du conseil de gérance · Résolution du conseil d'administration · Procuration notariée |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                                          |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCS**                                               | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                                              |
| **Acte constitutif**                                          | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                              |
| **Statuts (SA / SARL — notarised)**                           | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                              |
| **Certificat d'immatriculation TVA (AED)**                    | Tax Registration                                                                                                                    |
| **Avis de numéro de dossier (ACD)**                           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                    |
| **Autorisation d'établissement**                              | Operating Permit                                                                                                                    |
| **Résolution du conseil de gérance**                          | Signing Authority                                                                                                                   |
| **Résolution du conseil d'administration (board resolution)** | Signing Authority                                                                                                                   |
| **Procuration notariée (notarised power of attorney)**        | Signing Authority                                                                                                                   |
| **Contrat de bail**                                           | Address                                                                                                                             |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**                           | Address                                                                                                                             |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**                               | Address                                                                                                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                   | Agrément ministériel (sector-specific), Licence CSSF (banking, payment, investment, e-money), Agrément CAA (insurance, reinsurance) |

**Not applicable in Luxembourg:** Ownership Records, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by LBR; digitally signed; reflects RCS status as of day before issuance. Collect current dated extract.
* **Constitutive Documents:** SA, SARL, SCA, SE: notarial deed mandatory; filed at RCS + published in RESA. SARL-S and SCSp/SCS: private deed permissible. Request latest consolidated version.
* **Tax Registration:** Two separate identifiers from two authorities. VAT: AED portal. Direct-tax 11-digit matricule/dossier: ACD letter or account statement.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Ministry of Economy via MyGuichet.lu; covers professional integrity + qualifications; required before commencing commercial activity.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CSSF covers credit institutions, payment institutions, AIFMs, UCITS ManCos, CASPs (MiCAR — Law of 6 Feb 2025), PSPs. CAA covers (re)insurers.
* **Governance Records:** Lists current gérants (SARL), administrateurs/directeurs (SA), gérants commandités (SCA/SCS/SCSp). Annual or event-driven updates filed with LBR.
* **Signing Authority:** Board/managers' resolution authorising the signatory. Luxembourg is a Hague Apostille Convention party (eff. 1979-06-03); apostille eligible.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                       |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL / SCSp / SCS)                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational manager appointed by shareholders; binds the company day-to-day.      |
| Administrateur (SA — board member)                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the conseil d'administration; governance role.                          |
| Directeur général (SA)                                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director with day-to-day management authority delegated by the board.   |
| Président du conseil d'administration                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the SA board; governance role, not operational.                          |
| Associé commandité / Gérant commandité (SCA/SCS/SCSp) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Unlimited-liability general partner; manages and legally binds the entity.        |
| Mandataire / Fondé de pouvoir                         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | POA holder authorised to bind the entity; instrument filed or produced on demand. |

## Notes

* SCSp has no legal personality. Obligations fall on the general partner; KYB should target the GP entity for registration/governance documents, not the SCSp itself.
* Two-tier tax ID system. Luxembourg issues separate identifiers for direct tax (ACD — 11-digit matricule/dossier) and VAT (AED — LU + 8 digits). Both may be required; do not conflate them.


# Macao
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/macao

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Macao (MAC) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | MO / MAC                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Registry     | [Conservatória dos Registos Comercial e de Bens Móveis (CRCBM), Direcção dos Serviços de Assuntos de Justiça (DSAJ)](https://eservice3.rn.dsaj.gov.mo/commercial/platform/home) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Macao and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                              | Issuer                                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Número de Identificação Fiscal (NIF) — Fiscal Identification Number** | Direcção dos Serviços de Finanças (DSF) — Financial Services Bureau |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número de Matrícula (Commercial Registration Number)**                | Conservatória dos Registos Comercial e de Bens Móveis (CRCBM), DSAJ |

*Tax ID:* 8-digit taxpayer identification number issued by DSF upon tax registration (Form M/1 — Declaration of Commencement of Business, filed within 15 days of commercial registration). Company NIFs begin with '8'; individual trader NIFs begin with '0'. Not widely printed on non-tax documents; appears on profits-tax notifications and DSF correspondence. Issued under the Industrial Tax Code and Complementary Income Tax regime.

*Registration number:* Numeric registration number assigned by the CRCBM upon commercial registration under the Código do Registo Comercial (Decreto-Lei n.º 56/99/M of 11 October 1999). Appears on the certidão de registo comercial (commercial registration certificate) and on the online commercial information platform. No fixed public digit-count specification confirmed; presented as a plain integer in registry records.

## Sector regulators

`Autoridade Monetária de Macau (AMCM) — banking, insurance, payment services, securities` · `Direcção de Inspecção e Coordenação de Jogos (DICJ) — gaming concessions and casino AML` · `Gabinete de Informação Financeira (GIF) — financial intelligence unit, AML/CFT coordination` · `Direcção dos Serviços de Economia e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (DSEDT) — industrial licensing, external trade` · `Direcção dos Serviços de Assuntos de Justiça (DSAJ) — commercial registry, notarial oversight`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                              | Abbreviation    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedade por Quotas                                    | Lda.            | Private limited liability company governed by the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); capital divided into quotas (not share certificates); minimum paid-up capital MOP 25,000, fully paid on registration; 2–30 members, liability limited to their quota value; at least one administrator (gerente). The dominant SME structure in Macao. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                      |
| Sociedade Unipessoal por Quotas                         | Unipessoal Lda. | Single-member private limited liability company governed by the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); same capital requirements as Sociedade por Quotas (minimum MOP 25,000) but held by a single natural person or legal entity; a natural person may hold only one at a time; used by sole entrepreneurs seeking limited liability without incorporating a full LLC. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                |
| Sociedade Anónima                                       | S.A.            | Joint-stock company governed by the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); capital divided into freely transferable shares (acções); minimum paid-up capital MOP 1,000,000; at least 3 shareholders and a board of directors (conselho de administração) with a minimum of 3 members; subject to mandatory audit by a fiscal board (conselho fiscal) or supervisory board. Used for larger enterprises and ventures requiring share issuance. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Comerciante Individual                                  | —               | Individual trader (natural person) conducting commercial activity in their own name under the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); no separate legal personality; the trader bears unlimited personal liability for all business debts. Must register with CRCBM. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Estabelecimento Individual de Responsabilidade Limitada | EIRL            | Individual limited-liability establishment governed by the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M, Arts. 95–96); a designated pool of assets separated from the owner's personal patrimony; only those allocated assets are liable for business debts. The firm name must include the holder's name and the designation 'EIRL'. Registered with CRCBM. Closest US equivalent: single-member LLC.                                                                               |
| Sociedade em Nome Colectivo                             | —               | General partnership governed by the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); all partners (sócios) bear joint, several, and unlimited liability for the partnership's debts; minimum two partners; separate legal personality upon registration. Registered with CRCBM. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                           |
| Sociedade em Comandita Simples                          | S.C.            | Limited partnership governed by the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); at least one general partner (sócio comanditado) with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner (sócio comanditário) whose liability is capped at their contribution; no share capital required. Registered with CRCBM. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                   |
| Sociedade em Comandita por Acções                       | —               | Limited partnership by shares governed by the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); general partners bear unlimited liability; limited partners hold freely transferable shares. Rarely used in practice. Registered with CRCBM. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP) with transferable LP interests.                                                                                                                                                            |
| Agrupamento de Interesse Económico                      | A.I.E.          | Economic interest group governed by the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); a grouping of two or more commercial entities or individuals that pools activities for mutual economic benefit without creating a new profit-making entity in its own right; members retain their separate legal personalities; the AIE itself may or may not have legal personality depending on its constitution. Registered with CRCBM. Closest US equivalent: joint venture entity.       |
| Representação Permanente de Sociedade Estrangeira       | —               | Permanent representation (branch) of a foreign commercial entity registered in Macao under the Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M); not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully and directly liable; must appoint a local legal representative. Registration is mandatory at CRCBM before commencing operations. Closest US equivalent: Branch or Representative Office of a foreign corporation.                                                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certidão de Registo Comercial                                     |
| Constitutive Documents | Pacto Social                                                      |
| Tax Registration       | DSF Tax Registration Document                                     |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Livro de Registo de Quotas · Registo de Accionistas |
| Governance Records     | Certidão de Registo Comercial                                     |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Deliberação dos Sócios · Procuração                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement     |
| Good Standing          | Certidão Permanente de Registo Comercial                          |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                    | Proves                                                                                                                                          |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certidão de Registo Comercial (Commercial Registration Certificate)**     | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                                                          |
| **Pacto Social (Articles of Association / Statutes)**                       | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                          |
| **DSF Tax Registration / NIF Confirmation**                                 | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                |
| **Livro de Registo de Quotas (Quota Register)**                             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                               |
| **Registo de Accionistas (Share Register — S.A.)**                          | Ownership Records                                                                                                                               |
| **Deliberação dos Sócios / Board Resolution**                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                               |
| **Procuração (Power of Attorney)**                                          | Signing Authority                                                                                                                               |
| **Contrato de Arrendamento (Lease Agreement)**                              | Address                                                                                                                                         |
| **Factura de Serviços (Utility Bill ≤90 days old)**                         | Address                                                                                                                                         |
| **Extracto Bancário (Bank Statement ≤90 days old)**                         | Address                                                                                                                                         |
| **Certidão Permanente de Registo Comercial (Certificate of Good Standing)** | Good Standing                                                                                                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                 | Banking Licence (AMCM), Insurance Licence (AMCM), Payment Services Institution Authorisation (AMCM), Gaming Concession or Sub-concession (DICJ) |

**Not applicable in Macao:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by CRCBM (DSAJ) under the Código do Registo Comercial (DL 56/99/M). Confirms company name, registration number (número de matrícula), date of registration, registered office, business scope, share capital, and names of administrators/gerentes. Available online via the CRCBM commercial information platform (eservice3.rn.dsaj.gov.mo). A Certificate of Admissibility of Trade Name (Certidão de Admissibilidade de Firma) is obtained from CRCBM before incorporation; it is valid for 60 days. The full registration certificate is issued once incorporation documents (notarised Memorandum and Articles of Association) are filed. Processing takes approximately 15 working days. Documents must be in Chinese or Portuguese.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The constitutive document for Macao companies is called the Pacto Social (articles/statutes of association) or Escritura de Constituição (deed of incorporation). Must be notarised before a Macao notary (or an authorised representative since 2020) and executed in Chinese or Portuguese. For Sociedade por Quotas, the Pacto Social sets out company name, registered office, object, share capital, quota divisions, governance rules, and duration. For Sociedade Anónima, the equivalent document is the Contrato de Sociedade / Estatutos. The notarised deed plus the filed version with CRCBM are the operative documents. Amendments require a notarised amendment deed re-filed at CRCBM.
* **Tax Registration:** Tax registration is effected by filing Form M/1 (Declaração de Início de Actividade — Declaration of Commencement of Business) with DSF within 15 days of commercial registration. DSF assigns an 8-digit NIF beginning with '8' to legal entities. There is no standalone printed NIF certificate akin to a tax registration certificate in other jurisdictions; DSF issues tax assessment notifications bearing the NIF. The NIF appears on profits-tax (Complementary Income Tax — Imposto Complementar de Rendimentos) and industrial-tax (Imposto Industrial) documents. Group A taxpayers (registered capital ≥ MOP 1,000,000 or projected profits ≥ MOP 1,000,000) are subject to audit; Group B taxpayers (smaller entities) use simplified assessment. Macao levies no VAT; there is no VAT certificate.
* **Sector-Specific License:** AMCM (Autoridade Monetária de Macau) supervises and licences banks, insurance companies, payment service providers, and money changers. Banking licences are issued under the Financial System Act (Lei n.º 9/93/M as amended). Payment service institution licences are issued under AMCM guidelines (prior authorisation by the Chief Executive on advice of AMCM). Insurance licences are issued under the Insurance Supervision Law. Gaming concessions are awarded by the Macao SAR Government through the DICJ (Direcção de Inspecção e Coordenação de Jogos) under the Gaming Law (Law 16/2001). Securities-related activities are regulated by AMCM. Financial intelligence and AML supervision coordinated by GIF (Gabinete de Informação Financeira).
* **Governance Records:** The Certidão de Registo Comercial issued by CRCBM lists the current administrators (gerentes for Lda.; administradores/conselho de administração for S.A.) and their terms. This is a public document obtainable from the CRCBM online platform. Sociedade por Quotas companies are managed by one or more gerentes; Sociedade Anónima companies have a board of directors (conselho de administração). Director appointments and changes must be filed with CRCBM. The online platform allows free public lookup of current administrators by company name or registration number.
* **Signing Authority:** Macao companies authorise signatories via a deliberação dos sócios (shareholders' or directors' resolution) for Lda. companies, or a deliberação do conselho de administração (board resolution) for S.A. companies. No statutory form prescribed; company-headed document is standard. A notarised procuração (power of attorney) is used where an external agent must act for the company. For use abroad, documents may be apostilled; Macao is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (applicable since 1999 as a continuation of Portugal's ratification under the 'one country, two systems' arrangements).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, dated within 90 days for utility/bank. All companies must maintain a real registered office address in Macao (post-office boxes prohibited). Utilities in Macao are primarily supplied by CEM (Companhia de Electricidade de Macau), SAAM (water), and CTM (telecom). Address must match the company's registered office (sede social) on file at CRCBM.
* **Good Standing:** The CRCBM commercial information platform (launched 2021) provides a real-time online lookup of current commercial registration status, including company name, número de matrícula, current administrators, capital, and registered office. A formal Certidão Permanente (permanent certificate) can be ordered from CRCBM; it reflects the current live state of the registration record. This is the Macao equivalent of a certificate of good standing — it confirms the company is currently registered and in active status. Available in person or via the CRCBM e-service platform at eservice3.rn.dsaj.gov.mo.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gerente (Administrator — Lda.)                                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed manager of a Sociedade por Quotas; represents the company vis-à-vis third parties and manages day-to-day operations; appointment must be filed at CRCBM and appears in the commercial register. One or more gerentes required; appointment by shareholders' resolution. Statutory basis: Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M).                   |
| Administrador / Conselho de Administração (Board Director — S.A.) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board of directors (conselho de administração) of a Sociedade Anónima; collectively responsible for management and representation; at least 3 board members required; appointment filed at CRCBM. Statutory basis: Código Comercial (DL 40/99/M).                                                                                     |
| Representante Legal / Procurador                                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative authorised by board/shareholders resolution (deliberação) or notarised procuração (power of attorney) to act on behalf of the company in specific transactions or generally; particularly relevant for foreign companies operating through a permanent representation (branch) that must appoint a local legal representative. |
| Representante Permanente (Branch representative)                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Mandatory local representative appointed by a Representação Permanente (branch of a foreign company) registered in Macao; must be named in the branch registration at CRCBM; bears responsibility for compliance obligations on behalf of the foreign parent in Macao.                                                                              |

## Notes

* Macao is a Restricted jurisdiction for Conduit onboarding purposes; applications from Macao-registered entities require enhanced review.
* Macao's legal tradition derives from Portuguese civil law; the Commercial Code (DL 40/99/M) is modelled on the Portuguese Código Comercial and was adopted in 1999 on the transfer of sovereignty. Official languages are Chinese (Traditional) and Portuguese; all registration documents must be in one of these languages.
* Macao levies no VAT or GST; there is no VAT certificate to collect. Taxes include Industrial Tax (Imposto Industrial), Complementary Income Tax (Imposto Complementar de Rendimentos, 12% above MOP 600,000 threshold), Property Tax, and Tourism Tax.
* The CRCBM online commercial information platform (eservice3.rn.dsaj.gov.mo) provides free real-time public lookups of company name, registration number, registered office, business scope, capital, and current administrators — useful for preliminary KYB checks.
* Macao abolished its 'offshore company' regime effective 1 January 2021 (Decree-Law no. 58/99/M); previously licensed Macau Offshore Companies (MOCs) — including Offshore Commercial Companies (OCC) and Offshore Auxiliary Companies (OAC) — lost their tax-exempt status. Approximately 360 such entities operated under the regime. All companies are now subject to the standard tax regime.
* Incorporation requires notarisation before a Macao notary; since 2020, remote notarisation via an authorised representative is permitted. Documents must be in Chinese or Portuguese; English translations are acceptable as companions but not as sole official documents.
* For foreign corporate shareholders incorporating a Macao subsidiary, the following documents are required: notarised Certificate of Incorporation of the parent, Articles of Association/bylaws of the parent, board resolution authorising the subsidiary incorporation, certificate of incumbency or equivalent, and notarised ID copies of directors. These documents may need apostille if originating from a Hague Convention country.
* The registration number (número de matrícula) assigned by CRCBM and the NIF assigned by DSF are distinct identifiers; always collect both. The NIF (beginning with '8' for companies) is the tax reference; the número de matrícula is the commercial registry reference.


# Madagascar
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/madagascar

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Madagascar (MDG) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                               |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                              |
| ISO 3166-1   | MG / MDG                                            |
| Registry     | Greffier du Tribunal de Première Instance / RNCS-CM |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Madagascar and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                | Issuer                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF (Numéro d'Identification Fiscale)** | DGI (Direction Générale des Impôts)                 |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCS**                            | Greffier du Tribunal de Première Instance / RNCS-CM |

*Tax ID:* Obtained at EDBM guichet unique at incorporation; managed via DGI eHetra platform (e-hetra.impots.mg).

*Registration number:* Assigned at RCS registration; appears on extrait RCS.

## Sector regulators

`CSBF` · `BFM/Banky Foiben'i Madagasikara` · `SAMIFIN` · `ARTEC` · `DGI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                 | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Entreprise Individuelle                                    | EI           | Sole trader operating under their own name; no separate legal entity and personal assets are not shielded from business liabilities. Registered at the RCS via the EDBM guichet unique. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                           | SARL         | Most common SME vehicle; one or more associés with liability limited to contributions, managed by a gérant. Governed by Loi 2003-036 (as amended by Loi 2014-010). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                     |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée Unipersonnelle            | SARL-U       | Single-member variant of the SARL; one associé with limited liability, managed by a gérant. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                                                                      |
| Société Anonyme                                            | SA           | Share-capital company for larger enterprises; governed by a conseil d'administration or administrateur général; minimum capital Ar 2,000,000. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                       |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée                             | SAS          | Simplified share-capital company with flexible governance and no minimum capital requirement; shares not freely tradable on public markets. Governed by Loi 2003-036. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                               |
| Société en Commandite par Actions                          | SCA          | Commandite company with transferable shares; commandités bear unlimited liability while commanditaires are share-capital investors. Governed by Loi 2003-036. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                 |
| Société en Nom Collectif                                   | SNC          | General partnership; all associés are jointly and severally liable for company debts. Governed by Loi 2003-036. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                   |
| Société en Commandite Simple                               | SCS          | Limited partnership; commandités (general partners) bear unlimited liability while commanditaires (limited partners) are liable only to their contribution. Governed by Loi 2003-036. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).             |
| Société Civile                                             | SC           | Non-commercial civil-law company used for professional practices, real-estate holding, or family wealth management; not subject to the commercial companies statute. Governed by Loi 2001-026. Closest US equivalent: a General Partnership.   |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                            | GIE          | Economic Interest Grouping enabling member companies to pool resources for a shared auxiliary purpose; members retain unlimited joint liability. Governed by Loi 2003-036. Closest US equivalent: a Cooperative.                               |
| Société de Droit Étranger (Bureau de Liaison / Succursale) | SDET         | Branch or representative office of a foreign company; not an independent legal entity—liabilities flow back to the parent. Registered at the RCS via EDBM using the parent company's statuts. Equivalent to a US Branch/Representative Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCS                                                           |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Carte fiscale · Attestation NIF                         |
| Operating Permit       | Autorisation communale d'ouverture                                    |
| Ownership Records      | Statuts                                                               |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCS + liste des dirigeants                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Procès-verbal d'AG · Procuration notariée               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                               | Proves                                    |
| -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCS**                        | Legal Registration, Governance Records    |
| **Statuts**                            | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records |
| **Carte fiscale**                      | Tax Registration                          |
| **Attestation NIF**                    | Tax Registration                          |
| **Autorisation communale d'ouverture** | Operating Permit                          |
| **liste des dirigeants**               | Governance Records                        |
| **Procès-verbal d'AG**                 | Signing Authority                         |
| **Procuration notariée**               | Signing Authority                         |
| **Contrat de bail**                    | Address                                   |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**    | Address                                   |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**        | Address                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**            | Agrément sectoriel                        |

**Not applicable in Madagascar:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by greffier of Tribunal de Première Instance; EDBM guichet unique facilitates.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document; must be registered at the RCS and DGI.
* **Tax Registration:** NIF issued by DGI; also recorded on the EDBM-issued STAT card from INSTAT.
* **Operating Permit:** Municipal/commune-level permit; issued by Fokontany or mairie for the place of exercise.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CSBF for banks/MFIs/insurance (Loi 2020-005); ARTEC for telecom; SAMIFIN oversight for reporting entities.
* **Ownership Records:** Associés (members) are listed in the Statuts; updates require a notarial amendment filed with the RCS.
* **Governance Records:** RCS extract lists current gérants (SARL) or administrateurs/DG (SA); updated on each modification filing.
* **Signing Authority:** Board/shareholder resolution or notarized power of attorney naming authorized signatories.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                       | Canonical API role     | Description                                                               |
| -------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant (SARL)                    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manager of SARL; binds company to third parties (Loi 2003-036, Art. 106). |
| Président Directeur Général (SA) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | CEO of SA with board structure.                                           |
| Directeur Général (SA)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing director appointed by conseil d'administration.                  |
| Administrateur Général (SA)      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Single-administrator SA variant; combines governance and execution.       |
| Administrateur (SA)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of conseil d'administration; governance role.                      |
| Mandataire / Procureur           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized power of attorney.                                    |

## Notes

* Madagascar is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. Documents require full embassy legalization chain (authentication + consular legalization), not a single apostille.
* Madagascar is not an OHADA member state. Loi 2003-036 (as amended by Loi 2014-010) is the standalone companies statute; do not apply OHADA AUDCG/AUSC rules.
* CSBF (within BFM) supervises both banking and insurance under Loi 2020-005 sur les assurances — there is no separate standalone insurance regulator.
* The EDBM guichet unique combines RCS, NIF (DGI), and INSTAT statistical card issuance in \~3 business days; the INSTAT "numéro STAT" is a separate identifier issued alongside the NIF.


# Malawi
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/malawi

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Malawi (MWI) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                             |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | MW / MWI                                                          |
| Registry     | CRIPC (Companies, Registrations and Intellectual Property Centre) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Malawi and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                                            |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TPIN**                        | MRA (Malawi Revenue Authority)                                    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | CRIPC (Companies, Registrations and Intellectual Property Centre) |

*Tax ID:* Unique number issued on registration; used on all MRA correspondence; obtained via Msonkho Online portal (mra.mw) or any MRA Domestic Taxes office.

*Registration number:* Assigned on incorporation via MBRS; appears on the Certificate of Incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`RBM` · `FIA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | Closely-held share-capital company; up to 50 shareholders with restricted share transfers; the standard SME incorporation vehicle under the Companies Act 2013. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | PLC          | Share-capital company with unlimited shareholders; may list on the Malawi Stock Exchange; subject to enhanced disclosure obligations under the Companies Act 2013. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                      |
| State-Owned Company               | —            | Company controlled by the Government of Malawi under s.26 Companies Act 2013; commonly called a parastatal; governed by public-company rules. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp or Nonprofit Corporation.                                  |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | No share capital; members guarantee a fixed amount on winding up; used for non-profits, professional bodies, and associations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                           |
| Partnership                       | —            | Two to twenty persons carrying on business together for profit; each partner bears unlimited personal liability; registered with the Registrar General. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                               |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | Single individual trading under a registered business name; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                                       |
| Cooperative Society               | —            | Member-owned entity registered under the Cooperative Societies Act and the Financial Cooperatives Act No. 8 of 2011; profits distributed among members; common in agriculture and savings sectors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. |
| External Company                  | —            | Foreign body corporate that establishes or maintains a place of business in Malawi; must register with CRIPC under Part XV Companies Act 2013. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                        |
| Tax Registration       | TPIN Certificate                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                              |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                           |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · Annual Return           |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                   | Proves                                                                                                       |
| ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**           | Legal Registration                                                                                           |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                       |
| **TPIN Certificate**                       | Tax Registration                                                                                             |
| **Business Licence**                       | Operating Permit                                                                                             |
| **Register of Members**                    | Ownership Records                                                                                            |
| **Register of Directors**                  | Governance Records                                                                                           |
| **Annual Return (MBRS)**                   | Governance Records                                                                                           |
| **Board Resolution**                       | Signing Authority                                                                                            |
| **Power of Attorney**                      | Signing Authority                                                                                            |
| **Lease Agreement**                        | Address                                                                                                      |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**            | Address                                                                                                      |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**          | Address                                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                | RBM sector licence, FIA — Financial Intelligence Authority (Financial Intelligence Act 2016 / No. 6 of 2016) |

**Not applicable in Malawi:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Registrar General via MBRS on successful incorporation under Companies Act 2013.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Paired constitutive document filed at incorporation; auto-generated by MBRS and must be printed, signed, and scanned back.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by MRA upon tax registration; obtainable via Msonkho Online portal at mra.mw.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local Business Licensing Centres (city/district councils); renewed annually.
* **Sector-Specific License:** RBM issues banking, insurance, capital markets, microfinance, and payment-system licences under Financial Services Act 2010 and sector-specific acts. FIA oversees AML/CFT compliance for reporting institutions.
* **Governance Records:** Director particulars filed on incorporation and updated via Annual Return in MBRS.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising a named individual to act; notarised POA for external engagements.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                        |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Named officer with day-to-day management authority; minimum 1 for private company. |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of board resolution or POA authorising execution of documents.              |

## Notes

* Hague Apostille party since 1967. HCCH status table confirms Malawi acceded 24 February 1967 (entry into force 2 December 1967). Apostille is accepted for foreign public documents.
* RBM is the single financial supervisor for banking, insurance, capital markets, microfinance, and payment systems. There is no separate securities commission — use RBM for all sector-licence verifications.
* Informal addressing is common outside urban centres; GPS coordinates or a local authority letter may substitute for a utility bill proof-of-address in rural/semi-urban onboarding.


# Malaysia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/malaysia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Malaysia (MYS) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value        |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific |
| ISO 3166-1   | MY / MYS     |
| Registry     | SSM          |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Malaysia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer      |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**    | LHDN / IRBM |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CRN**    | SSM         |

*Tax ID:* Format: C prefix + 10 digits for companies (e.g., C 50000000XX0). Separate SST Registration Number (15-char alphanumeric) issued by RMCD for businesses with turnover ≥ RM 500,000.

*Registration number:* Current 12-digit format: YYYY-TT-NNNNNN (year + 2-digit entity type + 6-digit sequence). Legacy 6–8-digit format remains valid for pre-2019 companies; both refer to the same entity.

## Sector regulators

`BNM` · `SC` · `Royal Malaysian Customs Dept` · `Labuan FSA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sendirian Berhad (Private Limited Company)                   | Sdn Bhd      | Most common Malaysian business vehicle; private company limited by shares under Companies Act 2016; 1–50 shareholders; shares not freely transferable; separate legal personality with limited liability. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                   |
| Berhad (Public Limited Company)                              | Bhd          | Public company limited by shares under Companies Act 2016; may offer shares to the public and be listed on Bursa Malaysia; stricter governance and disclosure requirements. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                              |
| Company Limited by Guarantee                                 | CLG          | Public company without share capital under Companies Act 2016 ss.45–52; members act as guarantors rather than shareholders; used for nonprofits, charities, trade associations, foundations, and welfare organizations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).       |
| Perkongsian Liabiliti Terhad (Limited Liability Partnership) | PLT          | Hybrid entity under Limited Liability Partnership Act 2012; minimum two partners; partners have limited liability; the PLT itself has separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                                                                                           |
| General Partnership                                          | —            | Two to twenty partners trading together under Registration of Businesses Act 1956; no separate legal personality; all partners bear unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                         |
| Sole Proprietorship                                          | —            | Single natural person trading under a registered business name under Registration of Businesses Act 1956; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability; open to Malaysian citizens and permanent residents only. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship. |
| Foreign Company (Registered Branch)                          | —            | Branch of a foreign-incorporated company registered with SSM under Companies Act 2016 Part XIV s.562; not a separate legal entity—an extension of the foreign parent, which retains full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | SSM Company Profile                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | Company Constitution                                            |
| Tax Registration       | LHDN TIN Registration                                           |
| Operating Permit       | Business Premise Licence                                        |
| Ownership Records      | SSM Company Profile                                             |
| Governance Records     | SSM Company Profile                                             |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Tenancy Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Perakuan Taraf Syarikat Baik                                    |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                               | Proves                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **SSM Company Profile (e-Info / MyData extract)**      | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                                                      |
| **Company Constitution**                               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                         |
| **LHDN TIN Registration**                              | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Business Premise Licence (Lesen Premis Perniagaan)** | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Board Resolution**                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Tenancy Agreement**                                  | Address                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 hari)**                            | Address                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 hari)**                          | Address                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **SSM Attestation of Company Good Standing**           | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Sector-Specific License**                            | BNM licence (banks, insurers, payment services under FSA/IFSA 2013), SC licence (capital market intermediaries under CMSA 2007), Labuan FSA licence (Labuan offshore entities) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Confirms CRN (12-digit new or legacy), incorporation date, status, registered address. Purchasable via ssm-einfo.my.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document under Companies Act 2016; optional for Sdn Bhd and Bhd limited by shares (statutory defaults apply if none adopted); mandatory for companies limited by guarantee. Pre-2016 companies may hold legacy Memorandum & Articles of Association pair — both formats valid.
* **Tax Registration:** TIN certificate issued by IRBM; prefix C for companies. If SST-registered, additionally collect RMCD SST Registration Certificate.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the local municipal council (Majlis Perbandaran) for the business operating address; requirement varies by local authority.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect the relevant licence certificate for any regulated financial activity.
* **Ownership Records:** Shareholder list is embedded in the SSM Company Profile (e-Info / MyData extract).
* **Governance Records:** Lists all current directors; extract from e-Info or MyData-SSM.
* **Signing Authority:** Document execution under Companies Act 2016 s.66: signed by two authorised officers (at least one director), or sole director before a witness. POA governed by Power of Attorney Act 1949; must be registered at the Land Office or High Court if used for land transactions.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by SSM via the e-Info portal (ssm-einfo.my); certifies the company has met the required compliance criteria as of the attestation date. Distinct from the SSM Company Profile extract. Per research finding r1.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                            |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director (Pengarah)                                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage the company; at least one must be ordinarily resident in Malaysia (CA 2016 s.196). |
| Managing Director                                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director delegated day-to-day executive authority by the board.                                        |
| Nominee Director                                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director appointed on behalf of another; nominee status disclosed under CA 2016 (Amendment) 2024.      |
| Authorised Signatory (under Board Resolution / POA) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person expressly authorised by board resolution or POA to legally bind the company.                    |

## Notes

* Dual CRN formats: companies registered before 2019-10-11 are issued both the legacy 6–8-digit CRN and the new 12-digit format. Either number identifies the same entity; SSM extracts list both.
* No apostille available: Malaysia is not a contracting party to the Hague Apostille Convention (verified against HCCH Status Table, 2026-05-06). Cross-border documents require conventional legalisation: notarisation + Malaysian authority attestation + receiving-country embassy authentication.
* Company Constitution is optional for most Sdn Bhd: If no constitution is adopted, CA 2016 statutory defaults govern; an SSM profile alone may be sufficient for constitution evidence — confirm with the company whether a constitution exists.


# Maldives
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/maldives

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Maldives (MDV) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)                                                 |
| ISO 3166-1   | MV / MDV                                                                     |
| Registry     | Registrar of Companies (Ministry of Economic Development, Transport & Trade) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Maldives and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                                                       |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                         | Maldives Inland Revenue Authority (MIRA)                                     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Registrar of Companies (Ministry of Economic Development, Transport & Trade) |

*Tax ID:* 7-digit Business Partner (BP) number; per-tax TIN appends revenue code + sequence (e.g. 1000001GST501). One BP per entity; separate TINs issued for GST, income tax, etc.

*Registration number:* Unique numeric identifier assigned at incorporation; appears on Certificate of Registration and all Registrar filings.

## Sector regulators

`MMA` · `CMDA` · `FIU Maldives` · `MIRA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ----------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Company               | Pvt Ltd      | Closely-held company limited by shares with 1–50 shareholders; shares are not publicly tradable; at least one Maldivian resident director required. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                    |
| Public Company                | Plc          | Share-capital company with unlimited shareholders; shares may be listed and freely transferred; prospectus and disclosure obligations apply. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                    |
| Foreign Investment Company    | FIC          | Company incorporating any foreign shareholding, registered under the Foreign Investment Act (Law No. 11/2024) with a foreign investment licence; structurally a closely-held company limited by shares. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                |
| General Partnership           | —            | Two or more natural persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; governed by the Partnership Act (Law No. 13/2011). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                      |
| Limited Liability Partnership | LLP          | Two or more persons (natural or legal entities) whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; governed by the Partnership Act (Law No. 13/2011). Closest US equivalent: Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).                                                        |
| Sole Proprietorship           | —            | Single Maldivian citizen trading under their own name or a registered trade name; no separate legal personality; unlimited personal liability. Registered under the Business Registration Act (Law No. 18/2014). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                       |
| Cooperative Society           | —            | Member-owned entity formed to pursue common economic or social goals; registered under the Cooperative Societies Act (Law No. 3/2007); foreign parties are ineligible. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                     |
| Branch of Foreign Company     | —            | Re-registration of an existing foreign-registered company to conduct business operations in the Maldives; requires a locally appointed representative and registered address; no separate legal personality from the foreign parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Registration                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association |
| Tax Registration       | MIRA TIN Certificate                                                |
| Operating Permit       | Business Permit                                                     |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                 |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                               |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                          | Proves                 |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certificate of Registration**   | Legal Registration     |
| **Memorandum of Association**     | Constitutive Documents |
| **Articles of Association**       | Constitutive Documents |
| **MIRA TIN Certificate**          | Tax Registration       |
| **Business Permit**               | Operating Permit       |
| **Register of Members**           | Ownership Records      |
| **Register of Directors**         | Governance Records     |
| **Board Resolution**              | Signing Authority      |
| **Lease Agreement**               | Address                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**   | Address                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)** | Address                |
| **Sector-Specific License**       | MMA Licence            |

**Not applicable in Maldives:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies; conclusive evidence of current registration.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed together at incorporation; Ministry publishes Model Articles for private companies.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by MIRA; 7-digit BP number covers all tax types (GST, income tax, BPT). Separate registration required per tax type.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Ministry of Economic Development, Transport & Trade at national level; additional permits from island/atoll councils for outer-island operations.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect for regulated-sector entities only. Islamic finance operators also require MMA Shariah Governance Framework compliance.
* **Ownership Records:** Companies must maintain the Register of Members and notify the Registrar of ownership changes within 30 days.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained by company and filed with Registrar; must include managing director (position cannot be vacant).
* **Signing Authority:** Notarised by Maldivian notary or court; foreign POAs require MFA Maldives authentication and destination-country consular legalisation. Maldives is not a Hague Apostille party.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                          |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Managing Director                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Full-time executive officer; position cannot be vacant; day-to-day authority.        |
| Director                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board-level governance role; non-FIC companies must have all-Maldivian board.        |
| Authorised Signatory / POA Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person empowered to bind entity via board resolution or notarised power of attorney. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                               | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                                       |
| ----------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `Foreign Investment Licence number` | shareholder | Required for Foreign Investment Companies under Foreign Investment Act (Law No. 11/2024, eff. 2024-12-03); FIC status determines director eligibility rules. |

## Notes

* Maldives is NOT a Hague Apostille party (confirmed HCCH Status Table, 2026-05-06; 129 contracting parties; Maldives absent). Foreign POAs require full consular legalisation: home-country notarisation → MFA Maldives attestation → destination-country consular legalisation.
* Companies Act 2023 (Law No. 07/2023) replaced the 1996 Act effective 2024-01-01. All non-compliant Articles of Association required updating by 31 December 2024. Prior-law entity extracts may reference the old Act; verify documents post-date 2024-01-01 or are accompanied by updated filings.
* Director nationality restriction: Non-FIC private companies must have an all-Maldivian board. Foreign-owned entities must register as a Foreign Investment Company (FIC) to appoint foreign directors; verify FIC status before collecting director documents.
* Partnerships are governed by the Partnership Act (Law No. 13/2011) — not the Companies Act. Entity type confirmation is essential before applying Companies Act documentation requirements; partnership documents derive from a separate statutory regime.


# Malta
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/malta

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Malta (MLT) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | MT / MLT   |
| Registry     | MBR        |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Malta and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **VAT Identification Number**   | MTCA   |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | MBR    |

*Tax ID:* MT + 8 digits (e.g., MT12345678); standard registrations carry MT prefix; small undertakings receive a local number without MT prefix.

*Registration number:* Format: C followed by digits (e.g., C 34949); issued at incorporation; appears on Certificate of Registration.

## Sector regulators

`MFSA` · `FIAU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Limited Liability Company   | Ltd          | Closely-held share-capital company under Companies Act Cap. 386; min. authorised capital €1,164.69 with at least 20% paid up; shares are not freely transferable to the public. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                                                                        |
| Public Limited Liability Company    | p.l.c.       | Publicly tradable share-capital company under Companies Act Cap. 386; min. authorised capital €46,587.47; shares may be listed on the Malta Stock Exchange; at least two directors required. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                        |
| Partnership en Commandite           | —            | Limited partnership with one or more general partners bearing unlimited liability and limited partners liable only to the extent of their contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                           |
| Partnership en Nom Collectif        | —            | General partnership in which all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for the partnership's obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                           |
| Sole Trader                         | —            | A single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade name; no separate legal entity and no limited liability — personal assets are fully exposed to business obligations. Registered for tax purposes with MTCA and, where applicable, with MBR. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship. |
| Cooperative Society                 | —            | Member-owned entity registered under the Co-operative Societies Act (Cap. 442); governed on democratic one-member-one-vote principles; profits distributed as member patronage dividends rather than equity returns. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                           |
| Foundation                          | —            | Legal entity registered with MBR under the Second Schedule of the Civil Code (Cap. 16); established for a specific purpose (philanthropic, private, or mixed) by a founder who endows it with assets; no members or shareholders. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                    |
| Branch of Overseas Company          | —            | A permanent establishment in Malta of a foreign-incorporated body corporate; registered with MBR within one month of establishment; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent bears full liability. Receives registration number starting with 'OC'. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.              |
| European Economic Interest Grouping | EEIG         | Cross-border collaborative entity formed by two or more EU-based businesses under EC Regulation 2137/85 and transposed in Malta via S.L. 386.08; tax-transparent with liability falling on members. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Registration                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                        |
| Tax Registration       | VAT Registration Certificate                                  |
| Operating Permit       | Trade Licence                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | Memorandum of Association                                     |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Annual Return + MBR Company Extract           |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarised Power of Attorney  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                    | Proves                                                          |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Registration (MBR)**                       | Legal Registration                                              |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association (MBR)**            | Constitutive Documents                                          |
| **VAT Registration Certificate (MTCA)**                     | Tax Registration                                                |
| **Trade Licence (Commerce Department)**                     | Operating Permit                                                |
| **Memorandum of Association (subscriber/shareholder list)** | Ownership Records                                               |
| **Annual Return**                                           | Governance Records                                              |
| **MBR Company Extract**                                     | Governance Records                                              |
| **Board Resolution**                                        | Signing Authority                                               |
| **Notarised Power of Attorney**                             | Signing Authority                                               |
| **Lease Agreement**                                         | Address                                                         |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                                                         |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                           | Address                                                         |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (MBR)**                      | Good Standing                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                 | MFSA Authorisation, FIAU — Financial Intelligence Analysis Unit |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by MBR at incorporation; confirms C-number, legal form, registered office; retrievable via register.mbr.mt.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Two separate documents under Companies Act Cap. 386 Art. 68; both filed with MBR at incorporation; publicly retrievable.
* **Tax Registration:** MT + 8-digit VAT number; separate from TRN (9-digit income-tax reference). Collect both identifiers for full tax coverage.
* **Operating Permit:** Required only for specific activities listed in Schedule (hawkers, auctioneers, dealers in precious metals, etc.). Most professional/commercial activities do not require a trade licence since 2016 liberalisation.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banking (Banking Act Cap. 371), investment services (ISA Cap. 370), payment/e-money (Financial Institutions Act Cap. 376), insurance (Insurance Business Act Cap. 403), VFA (VFAA Cap. 590). Obtain applicable licence copy.
* **Governance Records:** Lists directors and company secretary; filed annually with MBR; publicly searchable via register.mbr.mt.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorises named signatories; notarised POA for external representation; no mandatory registration with MBR unless specific purpose requires it.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by MBR on request; confirms the company is active and compliant with its filing obligations. Distinct from the Certificate of Registration issued at incorporation.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed under Companies Act Cap. 386; day-to-day operational authority; registered with MBR. |
| POA Holder / Mandatary | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised power of attorney; scope defined by instrument.                            |

## Notes

* MTCA replaced CFR in May 2023. All references to "Commissioner for Revenue" or cfr.gov.mt now redirect to mtca.gov.mt; update any deep-link citations to the MTCA portal.
* Trade licence is narrow in scope. Since 2016, Malta removed licensing requirements for most commercial activities. Only the specific categories in S.L. 441.07 Schedule (street/market hawkers, auctioneers, precious-metal dealers, etc.) require a Trade Licence. Most onboarded businesses will present N/A for this field.
* EU AMLR (Reg. 2024/1624) applies from 2027-07-10. Malta's domestic S.L. 386.19 regime remains operative until then; AMLD6 Art. 74 already transposed (LN 127/2025). Monitor further AMLD6 transposition phases due 2026-07-10 (Arts. 11–13, 15) and 2029-07-10 (Art. 18).


# Marshall Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/marshall-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Marshall Islands (MHL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                                                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | MH / MHL                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Registry     | [RMI Registrar of Corporations (administered by International Registries, Inc. on behalf of the Republic of the Marshall Islands)](https://www.register-iri.com/corporate/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                                  |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Marshall Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Employer Identification Number (EIN)** | Marshall Islands Social Security Administration (MISSA) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **RMI Corporation / Entity Number**      | RMI Registrar of Corporations                           |

*Tax ID:* The RMI does not operate a separate tax-identification system. MISSA issues EINs to all employers and self-employed persons conducting business within the RMI (Form MI-SS-02). The EIN also functions as the company's gross-receipts tax reference with the Ministry of Finance, Division of Customs, Treasury, Revenue & Taxation. Non-resident domestic entities (NRDEs) that conduct no business inside the RMI are exempt from domestic tax and are generally not required to obtain an EIN, but domestically-operating entities must obtain one before commencing operations. EIN format: employer prefix of 5 digits followed by '-04' (the '04' country code assigned to the RMI by the United States under the Compact of Free Association), e.g. 08612-04.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier assigned at incorporation or formation by the Registrar of Corporations under the Associations Law of the Republic of the Marshall Islands 1990 (52 MIRC). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation (for corporations) or Certificate of Formation (for LLCs and LPs) and on every Certificate of Good Standing. No fixed length or prefix is publicly standardised; numbers observed in public records are typically 6–9 digits.

## Sector regulators

`RMI Registrar of Corporations (IRI)` · `Marshall Islands Monetary Authority (MIMA) — financial sector regulator (established by Monetary Authority Act 2025, replacing the former Banking Commission of Marshall Islands)` · `MISSA` · `Ministry of Finance — Division of Customs, Treasury, Revenue & Taxation` · `Office of the Attorney General (Foreign Investment)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                               | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Non-Resident Domestic Corporation        | NRDC         | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Resident Domestic Corporation            | —            | Share-capital corporation incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (52 MIRC Part I) that conducts business within the Marshall Islands. Subject to domestic gross-receipts tax and other local obligations. Requires a Foreign Investment Business License (FIBL) from the Office of the Attorney General if majority-owned by non-citizens. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Foreign Corporation                      | —            | A corporation incorporated outside the RMI that registers with the Registrar of Corporations to do business within the Marshall Islands under Part XI of the Business Corporations Act. Not a separate legal entity from its foreign parent; the parent remains fully liable. Must maintain a local registered agent. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation registered to do business.                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Limited Liability Company                | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Company Act (52 MIRC Chapter 4, enacted 1996, amended 2018), modeled on Delaware LLC law. Separate legal entity with members (owners) and optional manager(s). Can be member-managed or manager-managed per the Operating Agreement. Members have limited liability capped at unpaid contributions. No share capital; no resident-manager requirement; no filing of Operating Agreement required. Names of members and managers are not on any public register. Frequently used for asset protection, investment holding, and DAOs. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Limited Partnership                      | LP           | Formed under the Limited Partnership Act (52 MIRC Part III). Requires at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is limited to their capital contribution. Used for private equity, fund structures, and joint ventures. General partner may be a corporation or LLC. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| General Partnership                      | —            | Formed under the Revised Partnership Act (52 MIRC Part II). Two or more persons carrying on business in common. All partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership obligations. Registered with the Registrar of Corporations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Registered Limited Liability Partnership | RLLP         | A general partnership that has registered as an LLP under the Revised Partnership Act (52 MIRC Part II). All partners have limited liability protection against the acts of other partners; each partner remains liable for their own conduct. Used by professional firms. Closest US equivalent: Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Sole Proprietorship                      | —            | A single natural person conducting business in the Marshall Islands in their own name or under a registered trade name. Not a separate legal entity; the owner bears unlimited personal liability. Must obtain a Foreign Investment Business License (FIBL) if the owner is a non-citizen and an EIN from MISSA before commencing operations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Foreign Maritime Entity                  | FME          | A legal entity incorporated under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the RMI that registers with the Registrar of Corporations solely to own and operate vessels under the RMI flag pursuant to Section 119 of the Business Corporations Act. Not a standard business-operating entity; registration does not authorise general commercial activity within the RMI. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation registered for a specific purpose.                                                                                                                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Formation |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · LLC Operating Agreement     |
| Tax Registration       | EIN Certificate                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Foreign Investment Business License                                   |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                   |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors and Officers                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement         |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                          |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                              | Legal Registration                                                                                 |
| **Certificate of Formation (LLC / LP)**                       | Legal Registration                                                                                 |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                                 | Constitutive Documents                                                                             |
| **LLC Operating Agreement / LLC Agreement**                   | Constitutive Documents                                                                             |
| **Employer Identification Number Card / Certificate (MISSA)** | Tax Registration                                                                                   |
| **Foreign Investment Business License**                       | Operating Permit                                                                                   |
| **Register of Members / Shareholders Register**               | Ownership Records                                                                                  |
| **Register of Directors and Officers**                        | Governance Records                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution**                                          | Signing Authority                                                                                  |
| **Power of Attorney**                                         | Signing Authority                                                                                  |
| **Lease Agreement**                                           | Address                                                                                            |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                               | Address                                                                                            |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                              | Good Standing                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                   | MIMA Licence (banks, FSPs, payment service providers), Insurance Licence (insurers and reinsurers) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the RMI Registrar of Corporations upon filing of Articles of Incorporation (corporations) or Articles of Organization / Certificate of Formation (LLCs and LPs) under the Associations Law of 1990 (52 MIRC). The certificate states the entity name, registration number, date of incorporation or formation, and entity type. Issued rapidly — often within 24 hours — by the Registrar through IRI's global offices. A certified copy or apostilled copy is available for international use. For resident domestic entities, foreign investment registration with the Office of the Attorney General is an additional prerequisite.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For corporations: Articles of Incorporation filed with and stamped by the Registrar of Corporations under the Business Corporations Act (52 MIRC Part I). Standard template available from IRI. Must state: corporate name, purpose (may be any lawful act or activity), registered address in the RMI, registered agent name, and authorised share capital. For LLCs: the LLC Operating Agreement (also called LLC Agreement) is the constitutive document defining members, managers, contributions, and governance; it is not required to be filed with the Registrar but must be maintained by the company. LPs use a Limited Partnership Agreement. Apostilled copies available.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by the Marshall Islands Social Security Administration (MISSA) under the Social Security Act. Required for all employers and self-employed persons conducting business within the RMI before commencing operations. Application form MI-SS-02; fee USD 100 for corporations and associations; USD 200 for non-resident domestic entities electing to obtain one. The EIN (format: NNNNN-04) serves as the company's reference for gross-receipts tax filings with the Ministry of Finance. Non-resident domestic companies (NRDCs/IBCs) that do not conduct domestic operations are generally exempt from domestic taxation and from the EIN requirement, but must obtain an EIN if they employ staff locally. The Ministry of Finance, Division of Customs, Treasury, Revenue & Taxation, handles tax administration.
* **Operating Permit:** Required under the Foreign Investment Business License Act (as amended 2015) for any non-citizen (individual or entity) wishing to invest in or conduct business within the Marshall Islands. Issued by the Registrar of Foreign Investment in the Office of the Attorney General, Majuro. Application reviewed by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Commerce (Investment Promotion Unit) and Ministry of Finance; fee USD 250; processing 7–10 working days. Grants the right to operate within the scope of the approved business activities. A Reserved List restricts foreign participation in small-scale retail, small agriculture, and water-taxi services. Citizen-owned businesses and non-resident domestic companies (NRDCs) conducting no domestic operations do not require a FIBL.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory form prescribed. Corporations use a Board Resolution or Written Consent of Directors (valid under the Business Corporations Act as an alternative to a board meeting). LLCs use a Manager Resolution or Member Written Consent. For cross-border use, apostille is available — the RMI has been a party to the Hague Apostille Convention since 1992 (instrument of accession deposited 18 November 1991; entered into force 14 August 1992). Notarisation not required domestically but commonly requested by foreign counterparts.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the RMI Registrar of Corporations through IRI's global offices. Confirms the entity is registered, active, and in good standing — i.e. has filed all required documents and paid all government fees and registration charges. Available for corporations (cites the Business Corporations Act), LLCs (cites § 14 of the Limited Liability Company Act), and LPs. Issued within 30 minutes at any IRI office; apostilled version also available. Typically requested dated within 3–6 months for banking and onboarding purposes. Sealed and signed by an authorised officer of the Registrar with an official registry stamp.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer of a corporation with day-to-day executive authority. Minimum one required under the Business Corporations Act (52 MIRC Part I); may be a natural person or entity of any nationality; no residency requirement. Named in the internal register of directors and officers. |
| Manager                                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Individual or entity appointed to manage an LLC under a manager-managed Operating Agreement (Limited Liability Company Act, 52 MIRC Chapter 4). May be a member or a third party of any nationality; name not on any public register but must be disclosed to the registered agent.          |
| Authorized Representative / POA Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person or entity authorized via board resolution, written consent of directors, or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the entity for specific purposes.                                                                                                                 |
| General Partner                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Partner in a Limited Partnership (52 MIRC Part III) bearing unlimited personal liability for partnership obligations. May be a corporation or LLC acting as general partner.                                                                                                                 |

## Notes

* The RMI registry is administered entirely by International Registries, Inc. (IRI), a private US-based company with 28 global offices, on behalf of the Republic of the Marshall Islands government. All incorporation, good-standing, and certified-document requests go through IRI — there is no public online search portal with document download. Registry extracts can be ordered from IRI offices; processing for Certificates of Good Standing is typically within 30 minutes.
* The RMI is a major offshore corporate center: as of 2024, hundreds of thousands of Non-Resident Domestic Companies (NRDCs/IBCs) and LLCs are registered. The jurisdiction is also the world's second-largest ship registry. Conduit will primarily encounter NRDCs and LLCs in cross-border contexts.
* Directors, shareholders, and members of NRDCs and LLCs are not required to be filed with or disclosed to the Registrar, and their names do not appear on any public record. The register of directors/members exists only as an internal document with the registered agent.
* Economic Substance Regulations 2018 (effective 1 January 2019) require NRDEs engaged in 'relevant activities' (banking, insurance, finance, leasing, headquarters, shipping, IP, fund management, distribution) to file an annual Economic Substance Report (ESR) within 12 months of their anniversary date via the RMI's secure online portal. Non-compliance may result in penalties or annulment. Collect ESR confirmation where applicable.
* The RMI has been a party to the Hague Apostille Convention since 1992 (instrument of accession deposited 18 November 1991; entered into force 14 August 1992). Apostilled copies of corporate documents (Certificate of Incorporation, Articles, Certificate of Good Standing) are available from IRI offices and are widely accepted for international banking and regulatory purposes.
* For domestically-operating entities: a Foreign Investment Business License (FIBL) is required from the Office of the Attorney General for non-citizen investors. The FIBL process involves the Investment Promotion Unit at the Ministry of Natural Resources and Commerce.
* The Marshall Islands Monetary Authority Act 2025 (P.L. 2025-32, in force August 2025) established MIMA as an independent financial sector regulator replacing the former Banking Commission of Marshall Islands. MIMA consolidates oversight of banks, money-service businesses, payment systems, and insurance. Documents issued before August 2025 may carry the 'Banking Commission' name; treat these as still valid but note the regulatory successor.


# Mauritania
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/mauritania

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Mauritania (MRT) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | MR / MRT                     |
| Registry     | RCCM via APIM Guichet Unique |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Mauritania and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**         | DGI (Direction Générale des Impôts) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | RCCM via APIM Guichet Unique        |

*Tax ID:* 8-digit numeric; also serves as VAT number. Obtained at Guichet Unique within 48 hours of registration.

*Registration number:* Assigned upon registration; appears on Extrait RCCM.

## Sector regulators

`BCM` · `CANIF` · `DGI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Closely-held limited-liability company with one or more members (up to 50); liability capped at capital contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                      |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company with freely transferable shares; minimum capital 5,000,000 MRU (non-public) or 20,000,000 MRU (public offering); board governance required. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                       |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Simplified share-capital company with flexible governance and no statutory minimum capital; shares may not be publicly offered. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                         |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear unlimited joint liability for firm debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                 |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at contribution). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                           |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | —            | Sole-trader form for a natural person conducting commercial, industrial, or artisanal activity; registered at the RCCM; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.           |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest grouping formed by two or more persons to facilitate members' joint economic activity; not profit-seeking in itself. Closest US equivalent: a contractual joint venture or economic interest grouping (no direct US equivalent). |
| Succursale                       | —            | Branch office of a foreign or domestic parent company; operationally autonomous but lacks independent legal personality; registered at the RCCM under the parent's identity. Equivalent to a US Branch/Representative Office.                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                              |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                   |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation NIF                                                           |
| Operating Permit       | Patente                                                                   |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actionnaires |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Procès-verbal d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire     |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                               | Proves                                                        |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                       | Legal Registration, Governance Records                        |
| **Statuts (notariés)**                 | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Attestation NIF**                    | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente**                            | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**       | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Registre des Actionnaires (SA)**     | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Procès-verbal d'Assemblée Générale** | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Procuration notariée**               | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrat de bail**                    | Address                                                       |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**    | Address                                                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**        | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**            | BCM license                                                   |

**Not applicable in Mauritania:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued via APIM Guichet Unique.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarized founding charter; required for SARL, SA, SAS before RCCM filing.
* **Tax Registration:** 8-digit NIF issued by DGI; obtained concurrently with RCCM registration at Guichet Unique.
* **Operating Permit:** Annual fixed municipal contribution on prior-year turnover; required for formal business operation.
* **Sector-Specific License:** BCM issues licenses for banks, microfinance, insurance, and payment services.
* **Governance Records:** RCCM extract lists gérant(s) and administrateurs; Statuts define governance structure.
* **Signing Authority:** AG resolution for routine authority; notarized POA for third-party signatories.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound), or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. Satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                        |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Gérant                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manager of a SARL; legal representative with day-to-day authority. |
| Administrateur                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the SA board (Conseil d'Administration).                 |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chairs the SA board; governance role.                              |
| Directeur Général                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer of an SA; day-to-day operational authority.      |
| Président (SAS)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole mandatory officer of a SAS; operational authority.            |
| Mandataire / Fondé de pouvoir         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized POA to bind the company.                       |

## Notes

* Mauritania is NOT an OHADA member — do not apply OHADA Uniform Acts. All entity types and filings are governed by domestic Loi n° 2000-05 as amended by Loi n° 2015-032 and Loi 2021-005.
* Mauritania is NOT a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed absent from HCCH status table as of 31 Dec 2025). Foreign documents require full consular legalisation chain.
* RCCM has no publicly accessible online company search portal; registry data is held by APIM and the Directorate of Industry. Extracts must be requested in person or via the Guichet Unique.
* Banking regulatory framework in transition: Loi n° 036 bis/2018 (credit institutions) was amended by a new Credit Institutions Law passed by parliament in January 2025 (introducing resolution mechanisms: rectification, settlement, liquidation).


# Mauritius
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/mauritius

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Mauritius (MUS) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                 |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | MU / MUS                                                                              |
| Registry     | [Corporate and Business Registration Department (CBRD)](https://companies.govmu.org/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Mauritius and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                       | Issuer                                                                |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TAN**                                          | MRA (Mauritius Revenue Authority)                                     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CBRD company number (FSC license for GBC/AC)** | CBRD (Corporate and Business Registration Department); FSC for GBC/AC |

*Tax ID:* Tax Account Number issued by MRA.

*Registration number:* Company number from CBRD, plus FSC license number for Global Business / Authorised Companies.

## Sector regulators

`BoM` · `FSC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | Closely-held share-capital company under the Companies Act 2001; the default SME vehicle with restricted share transferability and minimum one shareholder. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                               |
| Public Company                    | PLC          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public and listed on the Stock Exchange of Mauritius under the Companies Act 2001. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                            |
| Global Business Company           | GBC          | FSC-licensed share-capital company principally used for cross-border holding, investment, and international operations; entitled to treaty benefits. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                   |
| Variable Capital Company          | VCC          | FSC-licensed umbrella fund vehicle with variable share capital, allowing creation of sub-funds with segregated assets and liabilities under the Variable Capital Companies Act 2022. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (investment fund variant).         |
| Authorised Company                | AC           | FSC-registered (not licensed) company that conducts business outside Mauritius only; lighter regulatory touch than a GBC. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                              |
| Protected Cell Company            | PCC          | Company with statutorily segregated cells, each with ring-fenced assets and liabilities; commonly used for captive insurance and investment funds. Equivalent to a US Series LLC.                                                                 |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | Company with no share capital in which members' liability is limited to a guaranteed amount; typically used for non-profit associations and professional bodies. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                                        |
| Société en Nom Collectif          | SNC          | Civil-law general partnership under the Code Civil Mauricien in which all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                      |
| Société en Commandite Simple      | SCS          | Civil-law limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at contribution). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | Common-law limited partnership registered under the Limited Partnerships Act 2011; has legal personality and at least one general partner with unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                       |
| Limited Liability Partnership     | LLP          | Partnership with full legal personality and mutual limited liability for all partners, introduced by the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2016; commonly used by professional services firms. Equivalent to a US Limited Liability Partnership. |
| Foundation                        | —            | Separate legal entity established under the Foundations Act 2012 to hold assets for specified purposes or beneficiaries; commonly used for estate planning and philanthropy. Equivalent to a US Statutory/Business Trust.                         |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | Individual trading under their own name or a registered trade name (entreprise individuelle) under the Business Registration Act 2002; no separate legal personality, unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.       |
| Branch of Foreign Company         | —            | Foreign company registered to carry on business in Mauritius under Part VII of the Companies Act 2001; not a separate legal entity from the parent. Equivalent to a US foreign corporation branch/rep office.                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Constitution                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | TAN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Trade License · FSC License                     |
| Ownership Records      | Share Register                                                |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Current Standing                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                   | Proves                 |
| ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (CBRD)**    | Legal Registration     |
| **Constitution**                           | Constitutive Documents |
| **TAN Certificate (MRA)**                  | Tax Registration       |
| **Trade License (local)**                  | Operating Permit       |
| **FSC License (GBC, AC)**                  | Operating Permit       |
| **Share Register (private)**               | Ownership Records      |
| **Register of Directors (private)**        | Governance Records     |
| **Board Resolution**                       | Signing Authority      |
| **Lease Agreement**                        | Address                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**            | Address                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**          | Address                |
| **Certificate of Current Standing (CBRD)** | Good Standing          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                | BoM, FSC               |

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Section 346 of the Companies Act 2001 provides for a Certificate of Current Standing issued by the Registrar of Companies (CBRD). Available online via the CBRIS portal. Mauritius is a separate-artifact CoGS jurisdiction.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description   |
| ---------- | -------------------- | ------------- |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. |

## Notes

* Private company director and shareholder details are kept confidential at CBRD; document collection during onboarding is the only way to obtain them.
* Distinguish GBC (FSC-licensed) vs AC (FSC-registered) vs domestic — they have different document chains.


# Mexico
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/mexico

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Mexico (MEX) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                           |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | MX / MEX                                                        |
| Registry     | Public Registry of Commerce (state-level) + SAT (tax authority) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Mexico and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name          | Issuer                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RFC**             | SAT                                       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Folio Mercantil** | Public Registry of Commerce (state-level) |

*Tax ID:* 12 characters for legal entities (RFC of a persona moral) shown on the Constancia de Situación Fiscal. Personas físicas use 13-character RFCs — not in scope for business onboarding.

*Registration number:* Registry folio assigned when the Acta Constitutiva is recorded.

## Sector regulators

`CNBV` · `CONSAR` · `CNSF` · `COFEPRIS`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                  | Abbreviation       | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima de Capital Variable                        | S.A. de C.V.       | Variable-capital stock corporation; the dominant commercial entity in Mexico. Shareholders hold transferable shares and liability is limited to paid-in capital. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                        |
| Sociedad Anónima                                            | S.A.               | Fixed-capital stock corporation under the LGSM; same structure as the S.A. de C.V. but without the variable-capital chapter. Liability limited to paid-in capital; shares are transferable. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.             |
| Sociedad Anónima Promotora de Inversión de Capital Variable | S.A.P.I. de C.V.   | Investment-promotion stock corporation with enhanced minority-shareholder protections and flexible share structures; commonly used for VC/PE-backed and fintech companies. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                              |
| Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada                          | S.A.S.             | Simplified share-capital company introduced in 2016; incorporated online by one or more individuals, with no notary required and a statutory cap on annual revenue. Share-based with limited liability. Equivalent to a US C-Corp. |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada de Capital Variable    | S. de R.L. de C.V. | Variable-capital, member-managed limited-liability company; members hold quotas rather than freely transferable shares and liability is limited to contributions. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                          |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada                        | S. de R.L.         | Fixed-capital limited-liability company; same member-quota structure as the S. de R.L. de C.V. without the variable-capital provision. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                     |
| Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo                                | S.N.C.             | General partnership in which all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for company obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                              |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple                                | S. en C.           | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners liable only to the extent of their capital contributions. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.               |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones                          | S. en C. por A.    | Limited partnership in which limited partners' interests are represented by transferable shares; general partners retain unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                              |
| Persona Física con Actividad Empresarial                    | —                  | Individual (natural person) conducting commercial activity under their own name and RFC; no separate legal entity, personal assets are at risk. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                            |
| Sociedad Cooperativa                                        | S.C.L. / S.C.S.    | Member-owned cooperative governed by the Ley General de Sociedades Cooperativas; organized for shared economic benefit without freely transferable capital. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                    |
| Sociedad Civil                                              | S.C.               | Civil-law partnership used by professionals (lawyers, accountants, doctors); governed by civil rather than commercial law and not designed for profit distribution to outsiders. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.           |
| Asociación Civil                                            | A.C.               | Non-profit civil association formed for cultural, educational, charitable, or professional purposes; cannot distribute surplus to members. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                   |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera                             | —                  | Registered branch of a foreign company operating in Mexico; no separate legal personality from the parent entity, which bears full liability. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Acta Constitutiva + Folio Mercantil                                            |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Acta Constitutiva + Estatutos Sociales                                         |
| Tax Registration       | Constancia de Situación Fiscal                                                                 |
| Operating Permit       | Licencia de Funcionamiento                                                                     |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Acta Constitutiva + Libro de Registro de Acciones                              |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Acta Constitutiva + Acta de Asamblea                                           |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Acta de Asamblea + Poder Notarial                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Comprobante de Domicilio · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                   | Proves                                                                            |
| ------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Acta Constitutiva**                      | Legal Registration, Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Folio Mercantil**                        | Legal Registration                                                                |
| **Estatutos Sociales**                     | Constitutive Documents                                                            |
| **Constancia de Situación Fiscal (RFC)**   | Tax Registration                                                                  |
| **Licencia de Funcionamiento (municipal)** | Operating Permit                                                                  |
| **Libro de Registro de Acciones**          | Ownership Records                                                                 |
| **Acta de Asamblea**                       | Governance Records, Signing Authority                                             |
| **Poder Notarial**                         | Signing Authority                                                                 |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**              | Address                                                                           |
| **Comprobante de Domicilio (≤90 días)**    | Address                                                                           |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**   | Address                                                                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**                | CNBV, CONSAR, CNSF, COFEPRIS                                                      |

**Not applicable in Mexico:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Accepted evidence: lease agreement (no time limit) or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. Either document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address verification.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                      |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Presidente del Consejo | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the board.                                                 |
| Consejero              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member.                                                    |
| Director General       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | CEO equivalent. Day-to-day management.                           |
| Administrador Único    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Alternative to a full board — single person manages the company. |
| Apoderado Legal        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holds notarized power of attorney.                               |
| Representante Legal    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorized to legally represent the company.                     |

## Notes

* Proof of operating address must be no older than 3 months.


# Micronesia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/micronesia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Micronesia (FSM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                       |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | FM / FSM                                                    |
| Registry     | [FSM Registrar of Corporations](https://www.roc.doj.gov.fm) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                  |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Micronesia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer                                                                                            |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)** | Division of Customs and Tax Administration (CTA), Department of Finance and Administration (DoFA) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Corporation Registration Number**      | FSM Registrar of Corporations, Department of Justice                                              |

*Tax ID:* Unique numeric identifier issued under FSM Code Title 54 Chapter 8 s.806 (as amended by Public Law 22-190, signed 2023-05-01). Required for all businesses subject to gross revenue tax or corporate income tax. May be assigned by the Secretary of Finance on application or proactively to any person liable for tax. TIN is used for all quarterly GRT filings and annual corporate income tax returns. No fixed public format confirmed; FSM Revenue Management System (RMS) went live 2025-07-01.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation under FSM Code Title 36 (Corporations and Business Associations) and the Corporate Registry Act (Public Law 13-70, 2005); appears on Certificate of Incorporation issued by the Registrar. No publicly standardised alphanumeric format confirmed.

## Sector regulators

`FSM Banking Board` · `FSM Insurance Board` · `Division of Customs and Tax Administration (CTA/DoFA)` · `FSM Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU, Department of Justice)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Domestic Business Corporation | Corp.        | For-profit entity incorporated under FSM Code Title 36 Chapter 1 by Presidential charter; requires articles of incorporation filed with the FSM Registrar of Corporations; minimum three directors (no residency requirement); share capital structure; 100% foreign ownership permitted. Bylaws are optional. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Major Corporation             | —            | Special national corporate form established under FSM Code Title 36 Chapter 2 and taxed under Title 54 Chapter 3 (Corporate Income Tax Act of 2004); defined as a corporation not principally engaged as an FSM bank, incorporated after 2005-01-01, with shareholders' equity of USD 1 million or more (or control-group equity of USD 10 million or more); required to be incorporated nationally; subject to reporting to the Secretary of Finance within 60 days of formation; annual report to the Registrar due by 30 June. Widely used as an international holding and captive-insurance vehicle. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                            |
| Nonprofit Corporation         | —            | Association incorporated under FSM Code Title 36 Chapter 1 for any lawful purpose other than pecuniary profit; stock or nonstock variants permitted; Presidential charter required; subject to the same audit and inspection provisions as for-profit corporations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Cooperative                   | —            | Member-owned business entity permitted under FSM Code Title 36 Chapter 1; use of the term 'cooperative' is restricted to entities that comply with the statutory cooperative provisions; commonly used for agricultural, fisheries, and credit-union purposes. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Credit Union                  | —            | Cooperative savings and loan association whose name may include the term 'credit union' only if formed in compliance with FSM Code Title 36; regulated separately from commercial banks. Equivalent to a US Credit Union.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| General Partnership           | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together; governed by the Corporation, Partnership and Association Regulations retained in FSM national law via the Transition Clause of the FSM Constitution (derived from Trust Territory regulations, 37 TTC 52); all general partners bear unlimited joint and several liability. Registration with the Registrar of Corporations and annual exhibit of affairs required. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Limited Partnership           | LP           | Partnership with one or more general partners bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; available under FSM national law framework; registered with the Registrar of Corporations. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Sole Proprietorship           | —            | Single individual carrying on business under their own name or a trade name; no separate legal entity; registered with the Department of Finance and Administration (DoFA) via a Business Registration Form for gross revenue tax purposes; foreign nationals require a Foreign Investment Permit from the Department of Administrative Services. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Captive Insurance Company     | —            | Specialist entity formed under the FSM Captive Insurance Act of 2006 (Public Law 14-66, as amended by PL 14-88, PL 15-34, PL 16-17, codified at Title 37 Chapter 10); three licence classes (Class 1: pure captive insuring parent/affiliates; Class 2: parent/affiliates plus related third-party businesses; Class 3: multiple corporate captive group structure) based on coverage scope; licensed and supervised by the FSM Insurance Board; must be incorporated as an FSM Major Corporation; primarily used by Japanese multinational companies. Requires Certificate of Authority from the FSM Insurance Board. Closest US equivalent: Captive Insurance Company (special-purpose insurer). |
| Branch of Foreign Corporation | —            | Foreign corporation registered to conduct business in the FSM; registration form filed with the FSM Registrar of Corporations (FSM Branch Registration); not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; noncitizen business operators also require a Foreign Investment Permit from the Department of Administrative Services (FSM and state-level). Individual states (Pohnpei, Chuuk, Yap, Kosrae) may require separate state-level registration and business permits. Closest US equivalent: Foreign corporation branch/registered agent.                                                                                                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation *(optional: Corporate Bylaws)*            |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Confirmation                                       |
| Operating Permit       | State Business Licence *(optional: Foreign Investment Permit)*      |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Register of Shareholders · Annual Report to Registrar |
| Governance Records     | Annual Report to Registrar                                          |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement       |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                        |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                              | Proves                                                                                    |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                      | Legal Registration                                                                        |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                    |
| **Corporate Bylaws**                                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                    |
| **Tax Registration Confirmation**                     | Tax Registration                                                                          |
| **State Business Licence**                            | Operating Permit                                                                          |
| **Foreign Investment Permit**                         | Operating Permit                                                                          |
| **Register of Shareholders**                          | Ownership Records                                                                         |
| **Annual Report to Registrar (shareholders section)** | Ownership Records                                                                         |
| **Annual Report to Registrar (directors section)**    | Governance Records                                                                        |
| **Board Resolution**                                  | Signing Authority                                                                         |
| **Power of Attorney**                                 | Signing Authority                                                                         |
| **Lease Agreement**                                   | Address                                                                                   |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                       | Address                                                                                   |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                     | Address                                                                                   |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                      | Good Standing                                                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                           | Banking Licence, Certificate of Authority (Captive Insurance), Domestic Insurance Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the FSM Registrar of Corporations (Department of Justice) within approximately one week of filing notarised Articles of Incorporation under FSM Code Title 36 and the Corporate Registry Act (Public Law 13-70, 2005). Includes company name, registration number, date of charter, and presidential approval. For Major Corporations, an Initial Report to the Secretary of Finance is additionally due within 60 days. The Registrar maintains an online corporation listing at roc.doj.gov.fm; the registry has no publicly searchable API. Sole proprietorships register with DoFA rather than the Registrar.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Articles of Incorporation filed with the FSM Registrar of Corporations at formation under FSM Code Title 36 s.103; must include corporate name, principal office, duration, purposes, capitalisation, incorporators (minimum one), initial directors and officers (minimum three directors), management structure, voting rules, liquidation, and amendment procedure. Bylaws are optional per s.104 — a company may operate under default statutory rules. For Major Corporations, a standard bylaws template is available via MRA Advisors (the Registrar's contracted Registration Advisor).
* **Tax Registration:** The Division of Customs and Tax Administration (CTA) within DoFA issues TINs under Title 54 Chapter 8 s.806 (added by Public Law 22-190, 2023). Domestic businesses subject to the quarterly Business Gross Revenue Tax (GRT) — rate: USD 80 on first USD 10,000, then 3% of excess; exempt if annual revenue below USD 2,000 — register with DoFA. Major Corporations are instead subject to Corporate Income Tax under Title 54 Chapter 3 and file an annual CIT return (due 15th day of 4th month after fiscal year end). The FSM Revenue Management System (RMS) launched 2025-07-01 enables online TIN registration and electronic filing. No formal 'TIN Certificate' document in the traditional sense has been publicly confirmed; a tax registration confirmation from DoFA/CTA is the operative proof.
* **Operating Permit:** The FSM has no single national general trading licence. Each of the four states (Pohnpei, Chuuk, Yap, Kosrae) issues its own business licence or permit for operations within that state. Foreign nationals and any business entity with foreign ownership must also hold a Foreign Investment Permit issued by the FSM Department of Administrative Services (national level, USD 250 first-time / USD 150 renewal) and a state-level Foreign Investment Permit. The 'traffic light' system (red/amber/green) governs which sectors are open, restricted, or prohibited to foreign investment on a state-by-state basis.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banking licences issued by the FSM Banking Board under Title 29 FSMC (Bank Act 1980); covers banks and deposit-taking institutions. Insurance licences (domestic and captive) issued by the FSM Insurance Board under Title 37 FSMC (Insurance Act 2006, PL 14-66 as amended); captive insurers hold a Certificate of Authority with a class designation (Class 1, 2, or 3). No FSM-level securities regulator has been identified; the FSM does not have a securities exchange. Money services / payment businesses are not separately licensed at the national level beyond the Foreign Investment Permit and GRT registration.
* **Governance Records:** Names of initial directors and officers are filed with the Registrar at incorporation under Title 36 s.103. Nominees may be used at formation with subsequent replacement for privacy. There is no mandatory public register of current directors separate from the Annual Report to the Registrar; nominee directors are permitted and director changes are generally not filed between annual reports. The Annual Report (due 30 June) includes current director and officer information.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising a signatory is standard practice; no statutory prescribed form under FSM law. Power of attorney may be used as an alternative. Note: FSM has NOT ratified the Hague Apostille Convention — documents for international use must be legalised through Micronesian consulates rather than via apostille.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. FSM has limited utility infrastructure; bank statements from the Bank of the Federated States of Micronesia (BFSM) or Bank of Guam (BOG) are common substitutes.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the FSM Registrar of Corporations on application; confirms a company's active status, solvency, and compliance with FSM corporate law. Application form available at roc.doj.gov.fm; processing time not officially published but industry sources cite 7–14 working days. Fees apply. FSM has not ratified the Hague Apostille Convention — for international use certificates must be legalised through Micronesian consulates.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for management of the corporation under FSM Code Title 36; minimum three directors required; no residency requirement; names filed with the Registrar at incorporation and reported annually. |
| Officer                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Corporate officer (President, Secretary, Treasurer, etc.) named in the Articles of Incorporation or bylaws; exercises day-to-day executive authority; reported to the Registrar.                                            |
| Authorized Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised by board resolution or notarised power of attorney to act on behalf of the corporation.                                                                                                                   |

## Notes

* FSM has two distinct corporate tiers: domestic corporations (Presidentially chartered under Title 36 Chapter 1, subject to gross revenue tax) and Major Corporations (Title 36 Chapter 2 / Title 54 Chapter 3, subject to corporate income tax). Conduit will predominantly see Major Corporations, which are FSM's primary international holding and captive-insurance vehicle. Verify which tier applies before assessing tax documents.
* FSM has NOT ratified the Hague Apostille Convention. Documents required for international legal use must be legalised through Micronesian consulates. Do not accept apostille-stamped FSM documents — reject and request consular legalisation.
* Each of the four FSM states (Pohnpei, Chuuk, Yap, Kosrae) maintains its own business licensing and foreign investment permit requirements. A business operating in multiple states must hold state permits in each. Confirm state-level licence status in addition to national ROC registration.
* Nominee directors and shareholders are expressly permitted under FSM corporate practice; shareholder identity may not be on the public record. The company's internal register of shareholders (not filed publicly) is the primary BO evidence source. Request the internal register directly from the entity.
* FSM corporations do not require a minimum share capital. 100% foreign ownership is permitted nationally. No withholding tax on dividends or interest; no gift or inheritance tax; no tax treaties with other nations — tax-neutral features make FSM an offshore holding jurisdiction.
* The FSM Revenue Management System (RMS) went live 2025-07-01; TINs can now be claimed or registered online via the DoFA portal. For corporations incorporated before RMS go-live, confirm TIN claim status.
* Document legalisation constraint: registry extracts obtained via third-party agents (e.g. Schmidt & Schmidt) require consular legalisation and may take 7–14 days at source plus additional time for consular processing. Budget lead time accordingly.


# Moldova
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/moldova

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Moldova (MDA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | MD / MDA   |
| Registry     | ASP        |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Moldova and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name  | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | ----------- | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Cod TVA** | SFS    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **IDNO**    | ASP    |

*Tax ID:* 7-digit VAT identifier; prefix MD optional (e.g. MD9234564). Separate from IDNO; issued only upon VAT registration. Not all entities are VAT-registered.

*Registration number:* 13-digit state identifier auto-assigned at registration. Format: 1-XXX-YYY-ZZZZZ-K (registry index, year, office code, sequence, check digit). Serves as tax ID for non-VAT purposes.

## Sector regulators

`BNM` · `CNPF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Societate cu Răspundere Limitată             | SRL          | Quota-based limited-liability company; the dominant SME vehicle in Moldova; minimum share capital MDL 1 (Law 135/2007 as amended 2023); managed by an Administrator. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                 |
| Societate pe Acțiuni                         | SA           | Joint-stock company with transferable shares; open or closed; minimum capital MDL 600,000 (eff. 2024); governed by Law 1134/1997. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                             |
| Societate în Nume Colectiv                   | SNC          | General partnership; two or more natural or legal persons; all partners bear unlimited joint liability for partnership obligations; governed by the Civil Code and Law 845/1992. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                            |
| Societate în Comandită                       | SC           | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited (commandite) partner whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; governed by Law 845/1992. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Cooperativă de Producere                     | —            | Production cooperative; founded by five or more natural persons who pool labor and capital for joint production or economic activity; a separate legal entity. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                           |
| Cooperativă de Întreprinzător                | —            | Entrepreneur cooperative; founded by five or more natural and/or legal persons engaged in entrepreneurial activity, aimed at increasing members' profits through collective operations. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                  |
| Întreprindere Individuală                    | II           | Sole-proprietor enterprise; no separate legal personality; founder bears unlimited personal liability; registered with ASP under Law 845/1992. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                       |
| Filială / Reprezentanță a Societății Străine | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign legal entity registered with ASP; not a separate legal person; parent entity retains full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                            |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extras din Registrul de Stat                                                                |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Statut · Act de Constituire                                                   |
| Tax Registration       | Certificat de înregistrare TVA                                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Autorizație de funcționare                                                                  |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Extras din Registrul de Stat · Registrul asociatilor · Registrul actionarilor |
| Governance Records     | Extras din Registrul de Stat                                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Decizie de incorporare · Procură notarială                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contract de locațiune · Factură de utilități · Extras bancar                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                  | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Extras din Registrul de Stat (State Register extract)** | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Statut**                                                | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Act de Constituire**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Certificat de înregistrare TVA**                        | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Autorizație de funcționare**                            | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Registrul asociaților (SRL — members' register)**       | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Registrul acționarilor (SA — share register)**          | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Decizie de incorporare**                                | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Procură notarială**                                     | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Contract de locațiune**                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Factură de utilități (≤90 zile)**                       | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Extras bancar (≤90 zile)**                              | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                               | Licență BNM, Autorizație CNPF, BNM — Banca Națională a Moldovei (banking, payments, insurance eff. 2023-07-01, non-bank lending), CNPF — Comisia Națională a Pieței Financiare (capital markets, securities, investment funds) |

**Not applicable in Moldova:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by ASP; contains IDNO, registration date, legal status, administrator, and associates. Available as certified paper or e-extract (equal legal value).
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single founding act for SRL and SA. Notarized. Filed with ASP at registration; copy retrievable via ASP.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by SFS upon VAT registration. IDNO itself is the general tax ID; a separate VAT certificate exists only for VAT-registered entities. For non-VAT entities, the Extras din Registrul de Stat evidences tax identity via IDNO.
* **Operating Permit:** Municipal-level commercial operating permit; issued by primărie (city hall/local council). Required for retail and service premises.
* **Sector-Specific License:** BNM licenses banks, payment institutions, e-money institutions, insurers, and non-bank lenders. CNPF licenses investment firms and capital market participants.
* **Ownership Records:** Extras contains associate names and participation shares for SRL. SA: separate shareholder register (registrul acționarilor) maintained by a licensed registrar or the company.
* **Governance Records:** Administrator name and appointment details included in the Extras. SA supervisory board (Consiliu) members registered separately.
* **Signing Authority:** Founding decision names initial administrator. Subsequent signatories: notarized power of attorney (procură). Board resolution (hotărâre) for ongoing matters.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Administrator (SRL / II)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive manager of SRL or sole-proprietor enterprise; day-to-day authority. |
| Administrator General (SA)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chief executive of SA; operational authority under board oversight.           |
| Membru al Consiliului Societății (SA) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of SA supervisory/governance board; governance, not operational.       |
| Reprezentant legal / Împuternicit     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized to bind the company via notarized power of attorney.        |

## Notes

* The IDNO serves as both the registration number and general tax ID; a separate VAT certificate (cod TVA, 7 digits) exists only for VAT-registered entities — do not conflate the two identifiers.
* Insurance supervision transferred from CNPF to BNM on 2023-07-01; regulated insurance entities must be verified on BNM's registry, not CNPF's.
* SA shareholder registers must be maintained by a licensed registrar (registrator autorizat) for companies with more than 50 shareholders; for KYB, request both the Extras and a certified extract from the registrar.


# Monaco
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/monaco

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Monaco (MCO) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                              |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                                                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | MC / MCO                                                                           |
| Registry     | [Répertoire du Commerce et de l'Industrie (RCI)](https://teleservice.gouv.mc/rci/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Monaco and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                            | Issuer                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Numéro de TVA intracommunautaire (Intra-EU VAT Number)**            | Direction des Services Fiscaux (Department of Tax Services)                            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro d'immatriculation RCI (Trade and Industry Register Number)** | Répertoire du Commerce et de l'Industrie (RCI) — Direction du Développement Économique |

*Tax ID:* Monaco applies VAT under the Franco-Monegasque Customs Union Agreement of 1963; the VAT framework mirrors France's. Companies conducting taxable transactions obtain an intra-community VAT number with the FR prefix (format: FR + 2-character check key + SIREN-like 9-digit fiscal number) issued by the Direction des Services Fiscaux on application. Entities below the taxable-supply threshold receive a NIS statistical number (from IMSEE) but no separate VAT certificate. For all administrative procedures the Statistical Identification Number (NIS) issued by IMSEE — composed of a NAF activity code plus a unique sequential number — serves as the primary administrative cross-reference. No separate corporate income tax registration number exists: Monaco levies no personal income tax and the corporate profits tax (impôt sur les bénéfices) applies only to companies deriving more than 25% of their turnover from outside Monaco.

*Registration number:* Unique registration number assigned at inscription in the Répertoire du Commerce et de l'Industrie (RCI) under Act no. 721 of 27 December 1961. Format: two-digit year + one letter (P for natural person / sole trader; S for company or foreign branch) + five-digit sequential number, e.g. 03S04700. Appears on the RCI extract (extrait RCI) and all official filings. SAMs additionally require a prior Ministerial Order (Arrêté Ministériel) approving the statutes, published in the Journal de Monaco.

## Sector regulators

`CCAF (Commission de Contrôle des Activités Financières)` · `AMSF (Autorité Monégasque de Sécurité Financière)` · `ACPR (France — credit institutions)` · `AMF France (mutual fund oversight under 1963 agreement)` · `Direction des Services Fiscaux`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société Anonyme Monégasque                      | SAM          | Monégasque joint-stock company governed by the Sovereign Ordinance of 5 March 1895 on joint-stock companies as amended by Law no. 1.573 of 8 April 2025 (modernisation of company law). Requires prior Ministerial Order (Arrêté Ministériel) approving the statutes and authorising the activity; statutes must be executed as an official deed before a Monégasque notary and published in the Journal de Monaco. Minimum capital €150,000 (fully paid at formation); higher capital required for regulated financial activities. Governed by a conseil d'administration (minimum 2 directors); directors need not be shareholders under the 2025 reform. Separate Chairman and CEO roles now permitted. Suited for large commercial undertakings, wealth management, financial institutions, and professional activities requiring corporate status. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                | SARL         | Private limited liability company; the most common SME and subsidiary form in Monaco. Governed by Law no. 1.573 of 8 April 2025 (which reduced minimum capital from €15,000 to €8,000 for single natural-person shareholders; capital payment deadline reduced from 3 years to 18 months). Requires prior government authorisation from the Direction du Développement Économique. Minimum 2 shareholders (natural or legal persons); liability limited to contributions; managed by at least one gérant who must be a natural person. Statutes registered with the Direction des Services Fiscaux and filed with the RCI. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Société Unipersonnelle à Responsabilité Limitée | SURL         | Single-member limited liability company introduced by Law no. 1.573 of 8 April 2025 (in force 19 April 2025). Allows a single natural person to operate within a limited-liability framework without requiring partners, protecting personal assets from business failure. Governed by the same framework as the SARL with appropriate adaptations for sole-member governance. Minimum capital €8,000. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Société en Commandite par Actions               | SCA          | Partnership limited by shares introduced (or significantly modernised) under Law no. 1.573 of 8 April 2025; provisions entered into force no later than 30 September 2025. Capital divided into shares; one or more commandités (general partners, unlimited and joint liability, active management) plus one or more commanditaires (limited partners, liability capped at contribution, no management role). Requires prior ministerial authorisation. SAM governance rules apply where compatible except for management/administration articles. Suited for listed vehicles and investment fund structures. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Société en Nom Collectif                        | SNC          | General partnership; no minimum capital; all partners have joint and several unlimited personal liability and are deemed traders. Governed by Monaco's Commercial Code. Requires prior government authorisation. Used occasionally for professional or family commercial activities where partners accept unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Société en Commandite Simple                    | SCS          | Simple limited partnership; no minimum capital; combines one or more commandités (general partners, unlimited joint liability, active management) with one or more commanditaires (limited partners, liability limited to contribution). Governed by Monaco's Commercial Code. Requires prior government authorisation. Can be used for commercial or non-trading activities. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Société Civile                                  | —            | Non-trading civil company for activities of a purely non-commercial nature, such as real estate portfolio management (Société Civile Immobilière — SCI) or pooling of professional resources (Société Civile de Moyens — SCM, introduced by Law no. 1.573 of 2025 for liberal professions). Governed by Monaco Civil Code (Articles 1670–1711) and Act no. 797 of 18 February 1966 on non-trading companies. Registered in a dedicated special register of non-trading companies (not the commercial RCI). Partners bear liability proportional to their interest. Closest US equivalent: real-estate holding trust or professional partnership.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Entreprise Individuelle                         | —            | Sole trader (natural person); no separate legal entity from the owner; unlimited personal liability for business debts. Requires prior government authorisation and registration in the RCI under the P-series (personne physique) number. Must obtain a NIS from IMSEE and declare to the Direction des Services Fiscaux. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                 | GIE          | Economic Interest Grouping; enables two or more existing businesses to pool resources for a common economic purpose while retaining independence. Registered in the RCI. Members bear joint and several liability. Used for cross-entity cooperation without forming a new company. Closest US equivalent: joint venture entity.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Succursale (Branch of Foreign Company)          | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered to conduct business in Monaco. Not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent company bears full liability. Requires prior government authorisation from the Direction du Développement Économique and registration in the RCI under the S-series number. The branch representative must be designated and authorised to bind the parent in Monaco. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCI                                                                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts *(optional: Arrêté Ministériel)*                                                            |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation de numéro de TVA intracommunautaire *(optional: Certificat NIS)*                        |
| Operating Permit       | Autorisation gouvernementale d'exercice d'activité                                                  |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Registre des associés · Registre des actionnaires                                     |
| Governance Records     | Extrait RCI                                                                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Résolution du conseil d'administration · Résolution de gérance · Procuration notariée |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                           | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait du Répertoire du Commerce et de l'Industrie**                            | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Statuts (constitutive articles of association)**                                 | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Arrêté Ministériel (SAM / SCA ministerial authorisation order)**                 | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Attestation TVA (Direction des Services Fiscaux)**                               | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Certificat NIS (Numéro d'Identification Statistique — IMSEE)**                   | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Autorisation gouvernementale (government operating permit)**                     | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Registre des associés (SARL / SURL — members register)**                         | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Registre des actionnaires (SAM / SCA — shareholder register)**                   | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Extrait RCI (directors / gérants view — also satisfies business\_registration)** | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Résolution du conseil d'administration (SAM / SCA — board resolution)**          | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Résolution de gérance (SARL / SURL — gérant's resolution)**                      | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Procuration notariée (notarised power of attorney)**                             | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Contrat de bail**                                                                | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**                                                | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**                                                    | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                        | Agrément CCAF (financial activities — investment services, portfolio management, fund administration), Autorisation AMSF (payment institution, EMI, money services, gambling), Autorisation ACPR (credit institutions with Monegasque operations) |

**Not applicable in Monaco:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Direction du Développement Économique; digitally certified and available 24/7 online at teleservice.gouv.mc/rci/. Costs €15 per extract. Valid for approximately 3 months; most banks and administrative bodies require a fresh extract. Contains registration number, legal form, company name (raison sociale), registered office, share capital, business purpose, directors/gérants, and registration date. For SAMs, the enabling Arrêté Ministériel published in the Journal de Monaco is the original authorisation instrument; the RCI extract reflects subsequent standing. Registered on creation and updated on event-driven filings.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For SAMs and SCAs: statutes must be executed as an official notarial deed (acte authentique) before a Monégasque notary; the enabling Arrêté Ministériel approving the statutes is published in the Journal de Monaco before RCI registration. For SARLs and SURLs: statutes may be by private deed (acte sous seing privé); two original copies registered with the Direction des Services Fiscaux. For SNCs and SCSs: private deed permissible. Always request the latest consolidated version to capture any amendments (modifications) filed with the RCI.
* **Tax Registration:** Monaco applies VAT under the Franco-Monegasque customs union (1963 treaty); the Direction des Services Fiscaux issues intra-community VAT numbers with the FR prefix. Entities below the taxable-supply threshold do not receive a TVA certificate; collect the NIS certificate from IMSEE as the primary administrative identifier in those cases. Where the entity is not VAT-registered (e.g. property-holding civil companies), an attestation from the Direction des Services Fiscaux confirming fiscal registration under article 66 of the Turnover Tax Code serves as the tax registration evidence.
* **Operating Permit:** Required by all businesses before commencing any economic activity in Monaco, whether commercial, industrial, craft, services, or professional, under Law no. 1.144 of 26 July 1991 (as amended). The Direction du Développement Économique processes the application; authorisation is issued by Arrêté Ministériel (ministerial order) of the Minister of State, typically within 3 months of application. For SAMs the authorisation also approves and publishes the statutes. The authorisation must be obtained before RCI registration and before commencing operations. It specifies the authorised activities and the legal representative. Note: the Direction de l'Expansion Économique was renamed Direction du Développement Économique; both names appear on legacy documents.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Financial activities are dual-regulated: the CCAF (Commission de Contrôle des Activités Financières, established by Law no. 1.338 of 7 September 2007) authorises investment service providers, portfolio managers, multi-family offices, and mutual fund corporations. Credit institutions additionally require authorisation from France's ACPR under the Franco-Monegasque banking arrangements. The AMSF (Autorité Monégasque de Sécurité Financière, which replaced SICCFIN in July 2023 as Monaco's independent FIU) supervises payment institutions, electronic money institutions (EMIs), gambling/gaming operators, money-changers, and all AML-obliged entities under Law no. 1.549. The AMAF (Association Monégasque des Activités Financières) provides industry self-regulatory functions. CCAF and AMSF signed a formal cooperation agreement on 13 February 2026.
* **Governance Records:** The RCI extract lists current gérants (SARL/SURL), members of the conseil d'administration and authorised signatories (SAM/SCA), and partners/gérants commandités (SNC/SCS). Changes to directors or gérants must be filed with the RCI and updated in the register. There is no separate government-issued directors' register; the RCI extract is the authoritative source for current management.
* **Signing Authority:** For SAMs: a résolution du conseil d'administration (board resolution) authorising the signatory to act on behalf of the company. For SARLs/SURLs: a résolution de gérance (gérant's resolution) or shareholder decision (décision des associés). For external mandataries: a procuration (notarised POA). Monaco is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (in force since 4 December 2002); documents intended for cross-border use may be apostilled by the Direction des Services Judiciaires. No common seal requirement.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. Monaco utility providers include the Société Monégasque de l'Électricité et du Gaz (SMEG) for electricity/gas and Direction de l'Eau et de l'Assainissement for water; SMEG bills are the most common utility proof.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                  |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Administrateur (SAM / SCA)                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the conseil d'administration of a SAM or SCA; governance and strategic oversight role; appointed for terms not exceeding 6 years; listed in the RCI extract.       |
| Président du conseil d'administration (SAM)        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the SAM board; under the 2025 reform may be combined with or separated from the CEO (Directeur Général) role.                                                       |
| Directeur Général (SAM)                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive manager (CEO equivalent) of a SAM; appointed by the board; may be the same person as the President or a separate individual under the 2025 reform (Law no. 1.573). |
| Gérant (SARL / SURL / SNC / SCS civile)            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Managing director of a SARL, SURL, SNC, or civil company; must be a natural person for SARLs; has day-to-day management authority; listed in the RCI extract.                |
| Associé commandité / Gérant commandité (SCS / SCA) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | General partner with unlimited joint and several liability; actively manages the entity and legally binds it; listed in the RCI extract.                                     |
| Mandataire / Fondé de pouvoir                      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a procuration or delegation of authority (procuration notariée or résolution) to bind the entity for specific acts; not necessarily listed in the RCI.             |

## Notes

* Government authorisation is mandatory before commencing any economic activity in Monaco (Law no. 1.144 of 26 July 1991). The Direction du Développement Économique (formerly Direction de l'Expansion Économique) reviews applications; the Minister of State issues the authorisation by Arrêté Ministériel. Allow up to 3 months for processing. Both names for the agency appear on legacy documents.
* SAM formation requires a notarised deed before a Monégasque notary AND a prior Arrêté Ministériel approving the statutes and published in the Journal de Monaco. This means every SAM can be verified via the Journal de Monaco archive (journaldemonaco.gouv.mc). The enabling Arrêté is a useful additional text anchor for OCR classification.
* Law no. 1.573 of 8 April 2025 (modernisation of company law) introduced the SURL and the Société Civile de Moyens, reduced the SARL minimum capital to €8,000 for single natural-person shareholders, and modernised SAM and SCA governance (separated Chair/CEO, videoconference meetings, no mandatory director-shareholder requirement for SAMs). SAM/SCA provisions entered into force no later than 30 September 2025. The SARL provisions entered into force on 19 April 2025.
* Monaco's TVA (VAT) system operates under the 1963 Franco-Monégasque customs union: Monaco uses French VAT law, VAT numbers carry the FR prefix, and are verifiable on VIES. However, Monaco is NOT an EU member state and is not part of the EU customs territory or single market — do not treat Monégasque entities as EU-domiciled for regulatory or sanctions-screening purposes.
* The CCAF and AMSF are distinct authorities: CCAF (Law no. 1.338 of 2007) handles investment services, portfolio management, and fund approval; AMSF (successor to SICCFIN, independent from July 2023) is the AML/CFT FIU and supervises payment institutions, EMIs, gambling, and money-services businesses. Both must be checked when onboarding Monégasque financial-sector entities. A CCAF–AMSF cooperation agreement was signed 13 February 2026.
* Civil companies (Sociétés Civiles — SCI, SCM) are registered in a separate special register of non-trading companies, NOT in the commercial RCI. Their extract is labelled differently; ensure the correct register is queried during onboarding.
* Dual-language context: official documents are in French; Monaco has no second official language. English translations may accompany documents for international use but carry no official standing unless certified.


# Mongolia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/mongolia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Mongolia (MNG) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value        |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific |
| ISO 3166-1   | MN / MNG     |
| Registry     | GASR         |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Mongolia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                  | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Татвар төлөгчийн дугаар** | GDT    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Улсын бүртгэлийн дугаар** | GASR   |

*Tax ID:* Tax registration is a separate step completed within 14 days of GASR registration; distinct from the GASR registration number.

*Registration number:* Assigned at registration; appears on the State Registration Certificate.

## Sector regulators

`Mongolbank` · `FRC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Хязгаарлагдмал хариуцлагатай компани (Limited Liability Company)                | ХХК          | Members bear losses only to the extent of their contributions; no minimum charter capital; dominant structure for foreign-invested entities. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                       |
| Хувьцаат компани (Joint Stock Company)                                          | ХК           | Issues shares to raise capital; may be open (publicly listed) or closed (restricted share transfer); governed by the Company Law. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                           |
| Нийтийн нөхөрлөл (General Partnership)                                          | НН           | Two or more partners with equal management authority; all partners bear unlimited personal liability for partnership debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                   |
| Хязгаарлагдмал нөхөрлөл (Limited Partnership)                                   | ХН           | Consists of general partners with unlimited liability and limited partners whose liability is capped at their investment; general partners manage the entity. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Хязгаарлагдмал хариуцлагатай нөхөрлөл (Limited Liability Partnership)           | ХХН          | All partners have limited liability capped at their contribution; governance through a members' meeting. Equivalent to a US Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).                                           |
| Хувиараа эрхлэх аж ахуй (Sole Proprietorship)                                   | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name; unlimited personal liability; available to Mongolian citizens; not a separate legal entity. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                    |
| Хоршоо (Cooperative)                                                            | —            | Member-owned organization formed for mutual economic benefit; registered with GASR; over 4,200 active cooperatives as of 2025. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                         |
| Гадаадын компанийн салбар / Төлөөлөгчийн газар (Branch / Representative Office) | —            | Extension of a foreign legal entity registered with GASR; not a separate legal person; the parent company bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Улсын бүртгэлийн гэрчилгээ                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | Дүрэм                                                         |
| Tax Registration       | Татвар төлөгчийн гэрчилгээ                                    |
| Operating Permit       | Тусгай зөвшөөрөл — ерөнхий                                    |
| Ownership Records      | Хувьцаа эзэмшигчдийн бүртгэл                                  |
| Governance Records     | GASR лавлагаа — захирал / ТУЗ                                 |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Тогтоол · Итгэмжлэл                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                       | Proves                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Улсын бүртгэлийн гэрчилгээ (State Registration Certificate)**                | Legal Registration                                              |
| **Дүрэм (Charter)**                                                            | Constitutive Documents                                          |
| **Татвар төлөгчийн гэрчилгээ (Taxpayer Certificate)**                          | Tax Registration                                                |
| **Тусгай зөвшөөрөл — ерөнхий (Common/Regular Permit)**                         | Operating Permit                                                |
| **Хувьцаа эзэмшигчдийн бүртгэл**                                               | Ownership Records                                               |
| **GASR лавлагаа — захирал / ТУЗ (GASR Extract — Directors and Board Members)** | Governance Records                                              |
| **Тогтоол**                                                                    | Signing Authority                                               |
| **Итгэмжлэл (Notarized Power of Attorney)**                                    | Signing Authority                                               |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                            | Address                                                         |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                                | Address                                                         |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                              | Address                                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                    | Тусгай зөвшөөрөл — тусгай (Special Permit / Regulatory License) |

**Not applicable in Mongolia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by GASR within 5 business days; includes registration number, entity type, date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document; must be in Mongolian; notarised copy required for multi-shareholder LLCs.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by GDT; separate tax registration completed within 14 days of GASR filing.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the relevant ministry or sector authority; covers general commercial activities.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Issued by Mongolbank (banking), FRC (securities, insurance, non-bank financial, VASPs); special-permit due diligence 10 business days; required only for regulated sectors.
* **Governance Records:** Director (захирал) and Board of Directors (Төлөөлөн удирдах зөвлөл, ТУЗ) members recorded in GASR; extract serves as primary evidence.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution (тогтоол) of the Meeting of Shareholders or Board; PoA (итгэмжлэл) must be notarised if granted to a third party.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                       | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Гүйцэтгэх захирал (Executive Director / CEO)                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management; elected by Meeting of Shareholders; individual executive body.                                          |
| ТУЗ-ийн гишүүн (Board of Directors member)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of Төлөөлөн удирдах зөвлөл; governance body between shareholder meetings; optional for LLCs unless required by charter. |
| ТУЗ-ийн дарга (Board Chair)                                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presiding member of the Board of Directors; governance role.                                                                   |
| Итгэмжлэгдсэн төлөөлөгч (Authorized Representative / PoA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person holding notarised power of attorney to legally bind the company.                                                        |

## Notes

* Tax registration is a separate step. Unlike jurisdictions where the registry number doubles as tax ID, Mongolia requires a distinct GDT filing within 14 days of GASR registration. Collect both the State Registration Certificate and the Taxpayer Certificate.
* Charter must be in Mongolian. Bilingual charters are accepted; Mongolian text governs. Notarisation required for multi-shareholder charters. A foreign-language-only charter will be rejected.
* Apostille accepted — but five states have objected. Mongolia acceded 2 Apr 2009 (in force 31 Dec 2009). Austria, Belgium, Finland, Germany, and Greece raised objections; the Convention does not operate between Mongolia and those five states. Verify via HCCH Status Table ([https://www.hcch.net/en/instruments/conventions/status-table/?cid=41](https://www.hcch.net/en/instruments/conventions/status-table/?cid=41)).


# Montenegro
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/montenegro

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Montenegro (MNE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | ME / MNE   |
| Registry     | CRPS       |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Montenegro and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name       | Issuer                        |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **PIB**          | Uprava prihoda i carina (UPC) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Matični broj** | CRPS                          |

*Tax ID:* 8-digit number (7 serial + 1 check digit); doubles as VAT ID (format "ME" + PIB on EU-facing invoices). Issued at registration; permanent.

*Registration number:* Unique entity identifier assigned at CRPS registration; appears on all registry extracts.

## Sector regulators

`CBCG` · `KTK` · `UPC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Društvo sa ograničenom odgovornošću | DOO          | Private limited-liability company; minimum share capital €1; most common SME structure; governed by the Companies Act (Off. Gazette 90/2025, applied from 2026-01-01). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                           |
| Akcionarsko društvo                 | AD           | Joint-stock company; one-tier (board of directors + executive director) or two-tier (supervisory board + management board) structure; minimum capital €25,000; shares freely transferable. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                |
| Ortačko društvo                     | OD           | General partnership; all partners bear unlimited joint liability for company obligations; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                        |
| Komanditno društvo                  | KD           | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                     |
| Preduzetnik                         | —            | Individual entrepreneur / sole proprietor; a natural person conducting business activity under their own name; registered at CRPS; no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                |
| Ogranak strane kompanije            | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company; not a separate legal entity — the parent company bears full liability for its obligations; requires CRPS registration with apostilled parent-company documents. Equivalent to a US Branch/Representative Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                           |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Izvod iz CRPS                                                              |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Osnivački akt · Statut                                       |
| Tax Registration       | PIB potvrda                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | Opšinska dozvola za rad                                                    |
| Ownership Records      | CRPS member list                                                           |
| Governance Records     | Izvod iz CRPS                                                              |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Punomoćje · Prokura · Odluka skupštine                       |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Ugovor o zakupu · Račun za komunalne usluge · Bankovni izvod |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                 | Proves                                                                                                          |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Izvod iz CRPS (Registry Extract)**                     | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                          |
| **Osnivački akt (DOO)**                                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                                          |
| **Statut (AD)**                                          | Constitutive Documents                                                                                          |
| **PIB potvrda (Tax Registration Certificate)**           | Tax Registration                                                                                                |
| **Opšinska dozvola za rad (Municipal business license)** | Operating Permit                                                                                                |
| **CRPS member list**                                     | Ownership Records                                                                                               |
| **Punomoćje (POA)**                                      | Signing Authority                                                                                               |
| **Prokura**                                              | Signing Authority                                                                                               |
| **Odluka skupštine (board resolution)**                  | Signing Authority                                                                                               |
| **Ugovor o zakupu**                                      | Address                                                                                                         |
| **Račun za komunalne usluge (≤90 dana)**                 | Address                                                                                                         |
| **Bankovni izvod (≤90 dana)**                            | Address                                                                                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                              | Dozvola za rad (CBCG — banking, payments, e-money), Dozvola za rad (KTK — capital markets, investment services) |

**Not applicable in Montenegro:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by CRPS via efirma.tax.gov.me; confirms matični broj, legal form, address, status.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarized at registration; filed with CRPS. For AD, both founding act and statute may apply.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by UPC; confirms PIB. VAT certificate separate if VAT-registered (threshold €30,000 annual turnover).
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local municipality; required for premises use; sector-specific national permits override for regulated activities.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBCG for banks, payment institutions, insurers; KTK for investment firms, brokers. Required only for regulated-sector clients.
* **Governance Records:** Directors (izvršni direktori) and board members filed in and searchable via CRPS extract.
* **Signing Authority:** Notarized punomoćje for external representatives; prokura is a registered trade-law POA covering all business acts; board resolution (odluka) for ad hoc authorizations.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                      |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Izvršni direktor (Executive Director, DOO/AD one-tier)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management and legal representation; registered in CRPS.              |
| Član odbora direktora (Board of Directors member, AD one-tier)         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance/supervisory role in one-tier AD structure.                            |
| Član nadzornog odbora (Supervisory Board member, AD two-tier)          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Oversees management board in two-tier AD structure.                              |
| Član upravnog odbora (Management Board member, AD two-tier)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational executive in two-tier AD management board.                           |
| Zakonski zastupnik / Prokurent (Legal representative / Prokura holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person registered to legally bind the company; prokura covers all business acts. |
| Punomoćnik (POA holder)                                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a notarized punomoćje authorizing specific acts.                       |

## Notes

* The new Companies Act (Off. Gazette 90/2025) applies from 2026-01-01; existing companies had until 2026-03-31 to harmonize articles of association. Extracts pulled before that deadline may reflect pre-reform governance structures — always request a fresh extract.
* Montenegro is an EU accession candidate (treaty drafting approved 2026-04-22) but is not yet an EU Member State; EU AMLR (Regulation (EU) 2024/1624, applicable 2027-07-10) does not currently apply. Montenegro's AML framework is governed by domestic law (Off. Gazette 110/2023, amended 65/2024, 24/2025).
* Montenegro is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (succession in force 2006-06-03); notarized company documents (osnivački akt, punomoćje) can be apostilled domestically.
* Montenegro uses the euro as its official currency but is not in the eurozone; the euro was adopted unilaterally in 2002. This has no direct KYB document impact but affects correspondent-banking risk flags.


# Montserrat
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/montserrat

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Montserrat (MSR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                            |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                    |
| ISO 3166-1   | MS / MSR                                                                                                         |
| Registry     | [Companies & Intellectual Property Office (CIPO), Financial Services Commission Montserrat](https://cipo.fsc.ms) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Montserrat and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                        | Issuer                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Company Registration Number (no separate TIN)** | Companies & Intellectual Property Office (CIPO), Financial Services Commission Montserrat |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**                   | Companies & Intellectual Property Office (CIPO), Financial Services Commission Montserrat |

*Tax ID:* Montserrat does not issue Tax Identification Numbers or any equivalent fiscal identifier for businesses (confirmed by OECD CRS TIN guidance: 'Montserrat does not issue Tax Identification Numbers or other equivalent identifier for tax purposes'). The island levies corporate income tax at 30% under the Income and Corporation Tax Act, but there is no VAT or GST. The company registration number assigned at incorporation by CIPO serves as the primary administrative identifier on all filings. Businesses must register with the Montserrat Customs & Revenue Service (MCRS) / Inland Revenue Division for tax purposes, but no TIN certificate is issued. IBCs electing annual licence fees rather than corporate tax pay those fees directly to CIPO.

*Registration number:* Unique identifier assigned by the Registrar of Companies (CIPO) at incorporation. Governed by the Companies Act 2023 (Act No. 15 of 2023) and the International Business Companies Act (consolidated) for IBCs. Registration is now processed online via the CIPO portal (cipo.fsc.ms, launched October 2024). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all subsequent CIPO filings. No fixed public format specification confirmed; assigned sequentially.

## Sector regulators

`Financial Services Commission Montserrat (FSC)` · `Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB)` · `Montserrat Customs & Revenue Service (MCRS)` · `Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd.         | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | Plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2023 (Act No. 15 of 2023); shares freely transferable and may be offered to the public; subject to full public-filing obligations with CIPO including annual returns and audited financial statements; must maintain a register of members open to inspection; governed by a board of directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| International Business Company    | IBC          | Incorporated under the International Business Companies Act (consolidated); designed for offshore activities — an IBC may not carry on business with persons resident in Montserrat, own real property in Montserrat (other than a registered-office lease), accept banking deposits from Montserrat residents, or issue contracts of insurance to Montserrat residents; may have a single shareholder and director of any nationality with no residency requirement; annual licence fee regime in lieu of corporate income tax (USD 300 for capital up to USD 50,000; USD 1,000 over); register of members and directors are maintained at the registered agent's office but are not publicly accessible; bearer shares are available with prescribed notification procedures; widely used for cross-border holding, trading, IP, and financing. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Limited Liability Company         | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Company Act (Cap. 11.14, enacted 2000, amended 2002 and 2010); member-managed or manager-managed; liability of each member is limited to their capital contribution; may be established by one or more persons of any nationality with no residency requirement; company name must end in 'Limited', 'Limited Liability Company', or 'LLC'; only initial member(s) and manager(s) become part of public records — subsequent changes remain confidential; bearer shares are prohibited; conducts no domestic business in Montserrat for offshore tax exemptions to apply. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together governed by the Partnership Act (Cap. 11.09); all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership debts; no separate legal personality distinct from its partners at common law; registered with CIPO under the Registration of Business Names Act (Cap. 11.11) where trading under a firm name. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | Governed by the Limited Partnership Act (Cap. 11.10); one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; at least one general partner must be resident in Montserrat (if an individual) or incorporated/registered under the Companies Act (if a company); limited partners may be resident or non-resident; registered with CIPO; commonly used for investment and fund structures. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Micro or Small Business           | —            | Registered under the Micro and Small Business Act 2013 with CIPO; designed for qualifying small enterprises meeting specific size thresholds; registration (Form 1) valid for 15 months and renewable (Form 2); grants access to government incentives and tax/customs exemptions; a lighter-touch structure for domestic operators rather than a separate incorporated entity type. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship or small LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | An individual trading on their own account under their own name or a trading name; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; must register any trading name other than the proprietor's own name under the Registration of Business Names Act (Cap. 11.11) with CIPO; must register for tax purposes with the Montserrat Customs & Revenue Service (MCRS). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Non-Profit Organisation           | NPO          | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2023 using Form 2 (Articles of Incorporation for Non-Profit Organisations); may also register as a Friendly Society under the Friendly Societies Act (Cap. 11.19, amended 2013) with CIPO; must register with the FSC-appointed NPO Supervisor for AML/CFT compliance purposes; cannot distribute profits to members; used for charitable, religious, educational, and community purposes. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Branch of a Foreign Company       | —            | A foreign corporation registered to conduct business in Montserrat under the Companies Act 2023 (Form 21 — Application for Registration of External Entities); must file the external company annual return (Form 24) with CIPO; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable for the branch's obligations; must maintain a registered office and local registered agent in Montserrat. Closest US equivalent: Foreign corporation branch / representative office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                     |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: IBC Certificate of Incorporation)*                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation *(optional: Memorandum & Articles of Association · Articles of Formation)* |
| Tax Registration       | MCRS Tax Registration Letter                                                                         |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                  |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                               | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                       | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (International Business Company)**      | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                                          | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (IBC)**                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Articles of Formation (LLC)**                                        | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Montserrat Customs & Revenue Service Tax Registration Confirmation** | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Register of Members**                                                | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Register of Directors**                                              | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Board Resolution**                                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Power of Attorney**                                                  | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                        | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                      | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                    | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                                       | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                            | Financial Services Commission Montserrat International Banking and Trust Licence, Financial Services Commission Montserrat Insurance Licence, Financial Services Commission Montserrat Money Services Business Licence, Financial Services Commission Montserrat Virtual Asset Business Licence, Financial Services Commission Montserrat Company Management Licence, Financial Services Commission Montserrat Investment Funds Licence, Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Domestic Banking Licence |

**Not applicable in Montserrat:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by CIPO upon incorporation of a company under the Companies Act 2023 or the International Business Companies Act; contains company name, registration number, and date of incorporation. Online incorporation via cipo.fsc.ms (launched October 2024) processes within 5–10 business days. Can be apostilled for international use — Montserrat is covered as a British Overseas Territory under the UK's adherence to the Hague Apostille Convention.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Under the Companies Act 2023, the constitutive document filed with CIPO at incorporation is the 'Articles of Incorporation' (Form 1); for Non-Profit Organisations, Form 2 is used. IBCs registered under the International Business Companies Act use a 'Memorandum and Articles of Association'. LLCs file 'Articles of Formation' under the Limited Liability Company Act. Partnerships are constituted by a partnership agreement. By-laws (internal governance) are optional and are not filed with CIPO.
* **Tax Registration:** Montserrat does not issue a TIN or formal tax registration certificate. The Montserrat Customs & Revenue Service (MCRS) — composed of the Customs Division and the Inland Revenue Division — administers corporate income tax (30%), personal income tax (progressive 5–40%, effective 1 January 2024: 5% on XCD 18,001–25,000; 20% on XCD 25,001–35,000; 25% on XCD 35,001–45,000; 30% on XCD 45,001–150,000; 40% above XCD 150,000; personal allowance XCD 18,000), property tax, and withholding taxes. There is no VAT or GST. Businesses must register with MCRS for tax purposes, but MCRS does not issue a separate numbered TIN certificate. Annual financial statements are submitted to the Registrar (CIPO) within three months of financial year-end; tax returns are filed with MCRS. IBCs may elect an annual licence-fee regime in lieu of income tax under the IBC Act. For KYB purposes, an MCRS registration confirmation letter or the company's Notice of Assessment may be obtained as evidence of tax registration.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Financial Services Commission Montserrat (FSC, fscmontserrat.org) is the integrated regulator for all financial services activities in and from Montserrat except domestic banks, which are licensed and prudentially supervised by the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB) under the Banking Act 2019. FSC-issued sector licences include: international banking and trust licence (International Banking and Trust Companies Act, Cap. 11.04); insurance and captive insurance licence (Insurance Act, Cap. 11.20); money services business licence (Money Services Business Act, Cap. 11.30); company management licence (Company Management Act, Cap. 11.26); mutual funds licence (Investment Funds Act 2022); securities licence (Securities Act, Cap. 11.01); and virtual asset business licence (Virtual Asset Business Act 2023 and Regulations 2024). All regulated entities must hold a current FSC or ECCB licence before commencing regulated operations.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained by the company and filed with CIPO via Form 9 (Notice of Directors) at incorporation and upon changes. For domestic companies under the Companies Act 2023, director information is accessible on the public CIPO portal. For IBCs and LLCs, the register of directors is kept at the registered agent's office and is not publicly accessible. Changes must be notified to CIPO; annual returns (Form 25) confirm current director details.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form under the Companies Act 2023 or IBC Act. A board resolution on company letterhead signed by the director(s) is the standard instrument authorising a named signatory; a written resolution of the sole director suffices for single-director companies. A notarized or apostilled power of attorney is used where authority is delegated to an external person. Montserrat is covered by the UK's adherence to the Hague Apostille Convention as a British Overseas Territory.
* **Address:** IBCs and LLCs are required to maintain a registered office address in Montserrat through a licensed registered agent; the agent's address satisfies the registered-office requirement for offshore entities. For principal operating address verification, a lease agreement (no time limit) OR a utility bill OR a bank statement dated within 90 days is the standard evidence. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by CIPO (Companies & Intellectual Property Office) on behalf of the Registrar of Companies. Confirms the company has met all statutory obligations including annual return filings and fee payments, and has not been struck off, dissolved, or is otherwise in default. Available on request from CIPO ([companies.registry@fsc.ms](mailto:companies.registry@fsc.ms) or in person at Valley View, Brades, Montserrat); can be apostilled for international use under the UK Hague Apostille Convention. Widely required by banks, correspondent institutions, and KYB/KYC counterparties.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for managing and directing the company. At least one director required; may be a natural person or legal entity; no residency requirement. Named in the Register of Directors and filed with CIPO via Form 9 (Notice of Directors). Governed by the Companies Act 2023 or IBC Act depending on entity type. |
| Manager (LLC)                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | In a manager-managed LLC, the equivalent of a director; manages the LLC's affairs and is named in the Articles of Formation. May be a member or an external person. Only the initial manager(s) appear in public records; subsequent manager changes remain confidential. Governed by the Limited Liability Company Act (Cap. 11.14).     |
| Registered Agent / Company Manager | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Licensed corporate service provider mandatory for IBCs and LLCs; maintains the Register of Members, Register of Directors, constitutive documents, and financial records at their FSC-licensed office. Responsible for PSC filings with CIPO. Regulated by FSC Montserrat under the Company Management Act (Cap. 11.26).                  |
| Attorney / Agent (POA holder)      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised via board resolution or notarized/apostilled power of attorney to act on behalf of the entity in specific or general transactions. Form 23 (Power of Attorney) is the standard FSC-prescribed form.                                                                                                                     |

## Notes

* Montserrat is a British Overseas Territory in the Eastern Caribbean; its legal system is English common law supplemented by local statute. The UK Privy Council is the final court of appeal.
* The Companies Act 2023 (Act No. 15 of 2023) modernised the former Companies Act (Cap. 11.12); it was brought into force by Commencement Order 2024. The IBC Act and LLC Act remain in force as parallel regimes for offshore entities.
* Montserrat does not issue TINs — per the OECD CRS TIN guidance, Montserrat has not implemented a unique tax identification number system. Inland Revenue functions are performed by MCRS (Montserrat Customs & Revenue Service); evidence of tax registration is a confirmation letter from MCRS rather than a numbered certificate.
* There is no VAT or GST in Montserrat. Corporate income tax is levied at 30% for domestic companies. IBCs may elect an annual flat licence fee ($300–$1,000 USD) in lieu of income tax on offshore earnings. Double taxation treaties are in force with the United Kingdom and CARICOM member states.
* Montserrat is covered by the UK's adherence to the Hague Apostille Convention; notarised Montserrat documents can be apostilled for international use through the Governor's Office.
* CIPO went fully online in October 2024 (cipo.fsc.ms), replacing paper-based processes; company name search, incorporation, annual returns, and PSC filings can now be completed digitally.


# Morocco
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/morocco

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Morocco (MAR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                               |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                              |
| ISO 3166-1   | MA / MAR                                                            |
| Registry     | OMPIC — Office Marocain de la Propriété Industrielle et Commerciale |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Morocco and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                   | Issuer                                                              |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **IF (Identifiant Fiscal)**                  | Direction Générale des Impôts (DGI)                                 |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **ICE (Identifiant Commun de l'Entreprise)** | OMPIC — Office Marocain de la Propriété Industrielle et Commerciale |

*Tax ID:* Tax-specific identifier issued by DGI. Distinct from ICE which is an enterprise-wide identifier.

*Registration number:* Enterprise-wide identifier issued by OMPIC/DGI; used across registration, tax, and customs systems.

## Sector regulators

`BAM` · `AMMC` · `ACAPS`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                  | SARL         | Multi-member limited-liability company with 2–50 quota-holders; no minimum capital. The dominant SME vehicle in Morocco, accounting for over 70% of new registrations. Equivalent to a US LLC.               |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée — Associé Unique | SARL-AU      | Single-member variant of the SARL; same quota-based structure and limited liability as the standard SARL but formed by one person. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                     |
| Société Anonyme                                   | SA           | Public or closely-held joint-stock company requiring at least 5 shareholders and MAD 300,000 minimum capital; governed by a board of directors. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                   |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée                    | SAS          | Simplified share-capital company with freely negotiable shares and flexible governance; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                       |
| Société en Commandite par Actions                 | SCA          | Limited partnership whose capital is divided into transferable shares; at least one general partner bears unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                              |
| Société en Nom Collectif                          | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear joint, unlimited, personal liability for company debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                             |
| Société en Commandite Simple                      | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and at least one silent limited partner (liability capped at contribution). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.              |
| Auto-entrepreneur                                 | —            | Simplified sole-trader registration for individuals with low turnover; streamlined formalities through partner banks and Poste Maroc. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                |
| Entreprise Individuelle                           | EI           | Standard sole proprietorship for a natural person conducting commercial or artisanal activity under their own name; registered at the RCCM with no liability shield. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                   | GIE          | Economic interest grouping enabling existing legal entities to pool resources for a shared economic purpose; not a company and not profit-driven in its own right. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.           |
| Société Civile                                    | SC           | Civil-law non-commercial partnership typically used for real-estate management or liberal professions; not subject to the commercial registry. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).              |
| Succursale / Bureau de Représentation             | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign company registered with OMPIC; not a separate legal entity—liability remains with the parent. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                             |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Modèle J                                                              |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* ICE Certificate + Identifiant Fiscal                  |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Patente · Taxe Professionnelle                          |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés                         |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Modèle J · Statuts · PV de nomination                   |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV de Conseil d'Administration · Décision du Gérant     |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                    | Proves                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Modèle J (RCCM extract)**                 | Legal Registration, Governance Records                        |
| **Statuts**                                 | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **ICE Certificate**                         | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Identifiant Fiscal (IF)**                 | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente**                                 | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Taxe Professionnelle**                    | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Registre des Associés (NOT in Modèle J)** | Ownership Records                                             |
| **PV de nomination**                        | Governance Records                                            |
| **PV de Conseil d'Administration**          | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Décision du Gérant**                      | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrat de bail**                         | Address                                                       |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**         | Address                                                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**             | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                 | BAM, AMMC, ACAPS                                              |

**Not applicable in Morocco:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** Shareholder information is NOT in Modèle J — Statuts are the only document confirming ownership.
* **Governance Records:** Structure is Modèle J + (Statuts OR PV de nomination). Modèle J is always required as the authoritative registry extract; either the Statuts (for founding directors) or a PV de nomination (for subsequently appointed directors) is accepted as the appointment instrument.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                      |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| Gérant                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages the SARL. Named in Statuts and Modèle J. |
| Administrateur                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member in SA.                              |
| Président-Directeur Général (PDG) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair + CEO in SA.                         |

## Notes

* Company names are required in both Arabic and French.
* Modèle J does not disclose shareholders — the Statuts are the only document confirming ownership.


# Mozambique
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/mozambique

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Mozambique (MOZ) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                               |
| ISO 3166-1   | MZ / MOZ                                             |
| Registry     | CREL (Conservatória do Registo das Entidades Legais) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Mozambique and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                    | Issuer                                   |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NUIT**                                      | AT (Autoridade Tributária)               |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Conservatória do Registo Comercial number** | Conservatória do Registo Comercial (CRC) |

*Tax ID:* Número Único de Identificação Tributária — 9-digit tax ID.

*Registration number:* Commercial registry number issued by the CRC.

## Sector regulators

`BdM` · `ISSM`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                               | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedade por Quotas                                     | Lda          | Multi-member quota company; the most widely used SME vehicle in Mozambique, with 2–30 members and joint liability limited to capital contributions. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                             |
| Sociedade Unipessoal por Quotas                          | —            | Single-member variant of the quota company; the entire share capital is held by one natural or legal person. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                                              |
| Sociedade Anónima                                        | SA           | Share-capital company with transferable shares, a board of directors, and a supervisory body; used by larger enterprises and eligible for public listing. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                    |
| Sociedade por Acções Simplificada                        | SAS          | Simplified share company introduced by the 2022 Commercial Code; share-based with limited liability but restricted from stock-exchange listing; designed for startups and family enterprises. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (closely held). |
| Sociedade em Nome Colectivo de Responsabilidade Limitada | SNCL         | Limited-liability general partnership introduced by the 2022 Commercial Code, replacing the former unlimited-liability SNC; partners' liability is capped to the company's assets. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                          |
| Empresário em Nome Individual                            | —            | Sole trader registered as an individual; no separate legal personality, with full personal liability for business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                        |
| Sucursal de Empresa Estrangeira                          | —            | Branch of a foreign company operating in Mozambique; no separate legal personality, with the parent entity bearing full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                            |
| Cooperativa                                              | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by cooperative-specific legislation; common in agriculture and services sectors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certidão do Registo Comercial                                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Estatutos Sociais                            |
| Tax Registration       | Cartão NUIT                                                                    |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Alvará Comercial · DUAT                                          |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Estatutos Sociais                            |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Escritura de Constituição · Estatutos Sociais · Acta de Nomeação |
| Signing Authority      | Acta da Reunião do Conselho                                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                          | Proves                                                        |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certidão do Registo Comercial** | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Escritura Pública**             | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records                     |
| **Estatutos**                     | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Cartão NUIT (AT)**              | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Alvará Comercial**              | Operating Permit                                              |
| **DUAT**                          | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Escritura de Constituição**     | Governance Records                                            |
| **Acta de Nomeação**              | Governance Records                                            |
| **Acta da Reunião do Conselho**   | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrato de Arrendamento**      | Address                                                       |
| **Recibo de Serviços (≤90 dias)** | Address                                                       |
| **Extrato Bancário (≤90 dias)**   | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**       | BdM, ISSM                                                     |

**Not applicable in Mozambique:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** A estrutura exige a Escritura Pública OU os Estatutos Sociais para prova de titularidade. Qualquer um dos dois documentos constitutivos satisfaz o requisito.
* **Governance Records:** Structure is (Escritura OR Estatutos) + Acta de Nomeação. Either constitutive document is accepted; the Acta de Nomeação is required when directors changed post-incorporation. For initial directors named in the constitutive document, the Acta may be omitted.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role    | Canonical API role     | Description                  |
| ------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Gerente       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative of Lda. |
| Administrador | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member in SA.          |


# Namibia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/namibia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Namibia (NAM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                               |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                              |
| ISO 3166-1   | NA / NAM                                            |
| Registry     | Business and Intellectual Property Authority (BIPA) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Namibia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                 | NamRA (Namibia Revenue Agency)                      |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **BIPA company number** | BIPA (Business and Intellectual Property Authority) |

*Tax ID:* Taxpayer Identification Number issued by Inland Revenue.

*Registration number:* Company number assigned by BIPA.

## Sector regulators

`BoN` · `NAMFISA`

## Legal structures

| Local name          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company     | (Pty) Ltd    | Closely-held company limited by shares with 1–50 shareholders and restricted share transferability; the default SME incorporation vehicle governed by the Companies Act 28 of 2004. Equivalent to a US LLC.                  |
| Public Company      | Ltd          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public and listed on a stock exchange; governed by the Companies Act 28 of 2004. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                     |
| Close Corporation   | CC           | Member-interest entity with 1–10 members and limited liability; a simplified, lower-cost alternative to the private company for small businesses, governed by the Close Corporations Act 26 of 1988. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Section 21 Company  | —            | Not-for-gain association incorporated under section 21 of the Companies Act 28 of 2004; may not distribute profits to members. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                     |
| External Company    | —            | Foreign company incorporated outside Namibia that establishes a place of business within Namibia and registers with BIPA under the Companies Act 28 of 2004. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office of a foreign entity.   |
| Sole Proprietorship | —            | A single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade name (defensive name); no separate legal entity and the owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                          |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | *All required:* Fitness Certificate + Trade License           |
| Ownership Records      | Memorandum & Articles of Association                          |
| Governance Records     | CM29                                                          |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Existence with Status in Good Standing         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                         | Proves                 |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (BIPA)**                          | Legal Registration     |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**                         | Constitutive Documents |
| **TIN Certificate (Inland Revenue)**                             | Tax Registration       |
| **Fitness Certificate**                                          | Operating Permit       |
| **Trade License**                                                | Operating Permit       |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**                         | Ownership Records      |
| **CM29 (Directors)**                                             | Governance Records     |
| **Board Resolution**                                             | Signing Authority      |
| **Lease Agreement**                                              | Address                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                  | Address                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                | Address                |
| **Certificate of Existence with Status in Good Standing (BIPA)** | Good Standing          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                      | BoN, NAMFISA           |

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** BIPA issues two types since January 2021: Confirmation of Registration Certificate (annual duty compliance only) and Certificate of Existence with Status in Good Standing (all statutory/voluntary amendments in order). The latter is the KYB-tier CoGS. Per research finding r1.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description   |
| ---------- | -------------------- | ------------- |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. |


# Nauru
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/nauru

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Nauru (NRU) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ISO 3166-1   | NR / NRU                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Registry     | [Corporations, Partnerships, Associations and Trusts Registration Division — Department of Justice & Border Control](https://justice.gov.nr/corporations-partnerships-associations-and-trust-registration-division/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                                                                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Nauru and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                             |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Nauru Revenue Office (NRO)                                         |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Corporation Registration Number** | Registrar of Corporations — Department of Justice & Border Control |

*Tax ID:* Nine-digit number issued by the NRO via the Nauru TIN Registration Database (NTRDB) under the Revenue Administration Act 2014. Mandatory for all resident legal entities with a tax liability; also required before a sole trader may register a business name. The NRO issues a TIN Certificate upon registration. Nauru imposes Business Profits Tax (BPT), Small Business Tax (SBT), and Non-Resident Tax (NRT) under the Business Tax Act 2016; there is no VAT/GST regime. The NRO TIN is the single fiscal identifier across all business tax obligations, including NRT (20% withholding on non-residents' Nauru-source interest, royalties, and insurance premiums) and the Telecommunications Service Tax (15% of gross revenue, applicable to telecom service providers under the Telecommunications Service Tax Act 2009).

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation under the Corporations Act 1972 and its subsidiary Corporations (Forms and Fees) Regulations 2018; appears on the Certificate of Incorporation. Partnerships and trusts receive a separate registration number from the Registrar of Partnerships / Registrar of Trusts respectively.

## Sector regulators

`Nauru FIU (Financial Intelligence Unit — Department of Justice & Border Control)` · `Registrar of Banks (Secretary for Finance / Minister for Finance)` · `Nauru Revenue Office (NRO — Department of Finance)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                              | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Corporation (Company Limited by Shares) | —            | The standard company form incorporated under the Corporations Act 1972; shareholders' liability limited to unpaid share capital; governed by a Memorandum & Articles of Association filed with the Registrar of Corporations. The Act does not create a separate 'public' versus 'private' company designation in the way Commonwealth jurisdictions typically do; a single incorporated form covers both closely-held and widely-held share structures. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                           |
| Company Limited by Guarantee            | —            | Incorporated under the Corporations Act 1972; no share capital; members guarantee a fixed amount on winding-up; used by non-profit entities, professional associations, and charitable organisations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Unlimited Company                       | —            | Incorporated under the Corporations Act 1972; shareholders bear unlimited personal liability for company obligations; rare in practice but available as an incorporation form. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (unlimited liability variant).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Partnership                             | —            | Two or more persons (natural or corporate) carrying on business together under a partnership agreement registered with the Registrar of Partnerships under the Partnership Act 2018 (replacing earlier legislation). All partners bear joint and several liability for partnership obligations. Registered through the Corporations, Partnerships, Associations and Trusts Registration Division. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Trust                                   | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Incorporated Association                | —            | Non-profit membership association incorporated under the Registration of Associations Act 2020; registered with the Registrar of Associations; used for clubs, churches, and civil-society organisations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Sole Trader / Individual Business       | —            | A natural person carrying on business under their own name or a registered trade name; the trade name must be registered under the Business Names Registration Act 2018 with the Registrar of Business Names; requires a TIN from the NRO and a Business Licence under the Business Licences Act 2017; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| International Company (IBC)             | IBC          | Incorporated under the International Companies Act 1992; limited liability offshore vehicle designed exclusively for non-resident international business; cannot conduct business within Nauru. 100% foreign ownership permitted; no minimum capital; directors and shareholders need not be resident; shareholder and director information is not on the public record. Cannot engage in banking, insurance, fund management, or investment advice. Nauru IBCs were historically a widely-used offshore structure and remain registered by the Registrar of Corporations. Equivalent to an offshore IBC in comparable Pacific jurisdictions. |
| Foreign Company (Registered Branch)     | —            | An overseas company registered to carry on business in the Republic of Nauru under the Corporations Act 1972; not a separate legal entity from its foreign parent; must register with the Registrar of Corporations and obtain a Business Licence under the Business Licences Act 2017; directors and shareholders of international (offshore) companies are not on the public record. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                                                                                                                                                                                   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                           |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | *Required:* (Any one of: Certificate of Registration of Partnership · Certificate of Registration of Trust) + Certificate of Incorporation |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Partnership Agreement                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                                                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                                                                                                           |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Register of Members + Annual Return                                                                                        |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Register of Directors + Annual Return                                                                                      |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                                              |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                       | Proves                                                       |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**               | Legal Registration                                           |
| **Certificate of Registration of Partnership** | Legal Registration                                           |
| **Certificate of Registration of Trust**       | Legal Registration                                           |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**       | Constitutive Documents                                       |
| **Partnership Agreement**                      | Constitutive Documents                                       |
| **TIN Certificate**                            | Tax Registration                                             |
| **Business Licence**                           | Operating Permit                                             |
| **Register of Members**                        | Ownership Records                                            |
| **Annual Return (shareholders section)**       | Ownership Records                                            |
| **Register of Directors**                      | Governance Records                                           |
| **Annual Return (directors section)**          | Governance Records                                           |
| **Board Resolution**                           | Signing Authority                                            |
| **Power of Attorney**                          | Signing Authority                                            |
| **Lease Agreement**                            | Address                                                      |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                | Address                                                      |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**              | Address                                                      |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**               | Good Standing                                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                    | Banking Licence, Virtual Asset Service Provider Registration |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Registrar of Corporations under the Corporations Act 1972 and Corporations (Forms and Fees) Regulations 2018. Includes the company name, corporation registration number, date of incorporation, and the seal/signature of the Registrar of Corporations. Partnerships receive a Certificate of Registration from the Registrar of Partnerships under the Partnership Act 2018. Trusts receive a Certificate of Registration from the Registrar of Trusts under the Trusts Act 2018. Processing time is typically 7–14 business days for corporations. No public online registry — documents are obtained directly from the Department of Justice & Border Control in Yaren. Information about directors and shareholders of offshore/international corporations is not on the public record; local companies' managing directors and principal shareholders are publicly available.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with the Registrar of Corporations at the time of incorporation under the Corporations Act 1972. The Memorandum of Association sets out the legal parameters of operations and identifies the nature of business; the Articles of Association govern internal operations and shareholder arrangements. For partnerships, the Partnership Agreement is the equivalent constitutive document filed with the Registrar of Partnerships under the Partnership Act 2018.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by the Nauru Revenue Office (NRO) Taxation Department via the Nauru TIN Registration Database (NTRDB) under the Revenue Administration Act 2014. The TIN Certificate confirms registration for Business Profits Tax (BPT), Small Business Tax (SBT), and/or Non-Resident Tax (NRT) under the Business Tax Act 2016. A TIN must be obtained before registering a business name or opening a bank account. Registration is done in person at the NRO office in Yaren; no online portal is available. There is no VAT/GST in Nauru; BPT, SBT, and NRT are the primary business taxes administered under the NRO TIN.
* **Operating Permit:** Mandatory for every person (natural or legal) carrying on business in the Republic of Nauru under the Business Licences Act 2017. Issued by the Registrar of Business Licences (Secretary for Justice and Border Control). Annual renewal required (expires 12 months from issue); renewal fee is AUD $300 per business nature. Late renewal fee AUD $100–$200. Must be displayed on the business premises. Operating without a valid licence is a criminal offence (fine up to AUD $10,000 or up to 12 months imprisonment). Initial application fee: AUD $300; additional AUD $300 per extra business nature or district.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific: banks must be licensed under the Banking Act 1975 by the Registrar of Banks (Secretary for Finance / Minister for Finance). The AML-TFS Act 2023 designates a wide range of financial institutions as reporting entities; entities providing money or value transfer, virtual asset services, foreign exchange, lending, or payment instruments require a Business Licence plus compliance with AML-TFS Act 2023 Part 4. There is no securities regulator (IOSC membership not held) and no insurance supervisor (IAIS membership not held) as of 2026 — no insurance companies or securities dealers operate in Nauru. Virtual asset service providers are governed under AML-TFS Act 2023 s5(n). The Nauru FIU (within Department of Justice & Border Control) is the AML/CFT supervisory authority for all reporting entities.
* **Governance Records:** Companies maintain an internal Register of Directors; directors are filed with the Registrar of Corporations as part of the Annual Return (Corporations Act 1972 s.133). For local companies, the managing director and principal shareholder details are publicly available in registry extracts. For offshore/international corporations, director information is not on the public record. Foreign companies registering in Nauru must provide particulars of their directors including full name, address, nationality, and date of birth.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution signed by the directors of the corporation authorising a named signatory to act on behalf of the company; no statutory form prescribed — company letterhead resolution is standard. Power of attorney is an alternative for non-corporate signatories or complex structures. Nauru did NOT ratify the Hague Apostille Convention; documents intended for cross-border use require full consular legalisation (not apostille).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. Nauru's residential and commercial address system is district-based (14 districts on the single island); street addresses are not standardised — accept any official government or utility correspondence showing the entity name and district/location.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Registrar of Corporations for corporations incorporated under the Corporations Act 1972; confirms the company's active registration status and compliance with filing and fee obligations. Available for both local and offshore corporations. Obtainable directly from the Department of Justice & Border Control, Yaren; no online request portal. Documents for cross-border use require full consular legalisation — Nauru has NOT ratified the Hague Apostille Convention. Request a certificate dated within 30 days for banking purposes.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer of a corporation responsible for management and governance; named in the Register of Directors and the Annual Return; details filed with the Registrar of Corporations under the Corporations Act 1972.                                        |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised via board resolution or notarised power of attorney to act on behalf of the entity for a specific purpose; the authorising document must be consularly legalised for cross-border use (Nauru has not ratified the Hague Apostille Convention). |

## Notes

* Nauru has NOT ratified the Hague Apostille Convention (as of 2026-06-10). Documents intended for use outside Nauru require full consular legalisation, not apostille certification. This adds cost and time to cross-border document workflows.
* As of August 2025, the sole commercial bank operating in Nauru is Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA), which replaced Bendigo and Adelaide Bank (the previous sole provider, which exited August 2025 after \~10 years). CBA is regulated by APRA (Australia). There are no indigenous commercial banks. Bank statements issued in Nauru will carry Commonwealth Bank / CommBank branding.
* Nauru's address system is district-based across 14 districts on the single coral island; standardised street addresses do not exist. Accept any official correspondence (utility bill, bank statement, government notice) showing entity name and district for proof-of-address purposes.
* The Anti-Money Laundering and Targeted Financial Sanctions Act 2023 (AML-TFS Act 2023) replaced the AML Act 2008 and significantly expanded the definition of financial institution to include virtual asset service providers and a wide range of payment services. All such reporting entities are supervised by the Nauru FIU.
* The Nauru Revenue Office is located in Yaren; TIN registration is done in person only — no online portal is available (as of 2026-06-10). Allow additional lead time for TIN registration when onboarding Nauru entities.
* Corporations Act 1972 does not distinguish formally between 'public' and 'private' companies in the way most Commonwealth jurisdictions do. All share-capital domestic companies are incorporated under one regime; the Memorandum & Articles of Association govern transferability restrictions.


# Nepal
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/nepal

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Nepal (NPL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                 |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)          |
| ISO 3166-1   | NP / NPL                              |
| Registry     | Office of the Company Registrar (OCR) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Nepal and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                         | Issuer                                |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Permanent Account Number (PAN)** | Inland Revenue Department (IRD)       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**    | Office of the Company Registrar (OCR) |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit numeric; issued under Income Tax Act 2058 s.78; single identifier for income tax, VAT, and excise. Verified at ird.gov.np.

*Registration number:* Format: sequential number + fiscal-year suffix (e.g. 45995-063-064); printed on Company Registration Certificate; verifiable via ocr.gov.np / CAMIS portal.

## Sector regulators

`NRB` · `NIA` · `SEBON` · `DMLI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                              | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Public Limited Company                  | Ltd.         | Minimum 7 shareholders, no upper limit; shares freely transferable and may be listed on the Nepal Stock Exchange; mandatory public disclosure and statutory audit. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                       |
| Non-profit Distributing Company         | —            | Incorporated under Companies Act 2063 s.166 for social, charitable, educational, or professional purposes; profits must be reinvested in the stated objects; no minimum capital requirement. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                              |
| Private Limited Company                 | Pvt. Ltd.    | 1–101 shareholders; share transfer restricted; minimum paid-up capital NPR 100,000; most common vehicle for SMEs and foreign investors; separate legal personality with limited liability. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                  |
| General Partnership Firm                | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business in common under the Partnership Act 1964 (as amended 2020); all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; registered with the relevant industry department. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                    |
| Sole Proprietorship Firm                | —            | Single natural person conducting commercial activity under the Sole Proprietorship Registration Act 2021; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability; registered with the relevant industry or commerce department. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Cooperative Society                     | —            | Member-owned organization formed under the Cooperatives Act 2074 for mutual economic benefit (savings and credit, agricultural, consumer, multipurpose, etc.); registered at local, provincial, or federal level depending on operating scope. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.  |
| Foreign Branch Office                   | —            | Extension of a foreign company registered under Companies Act 2063 s.154; not a separate legal entity; parent company bears full liability; must file audited Nepal accounts annually with OCR. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                           |
| Foreign Liaison (Representative) Office | —            | Non-commercial presence of a foreign company in Nepal; permitted only for market research, promotion, and liaison activities; may not generate revenue or conduct trade; registered with the Department of Industry. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Company Registration Certificate                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association |
| Tax Registration       | PAN Certificate                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Business Operating Certificate                                      |
| Ownership Records      | Share Register                                                      |
| Governance Records     | Directors Register                                                  |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                        | Proves                                  |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| **Company Registration Certificate**                            | Legal Registration                      |
| **Memorandum of Association (MoA)**                             | Constitutive Documents                  |
| **Articles of Association (AoA)**                               | Constitutive Documents                  |
| **PAN Certificate**                                             | Tax Registration                        |
| **Business Operating Certificate (व्यवसाय सञ्चालन अनुमतिपत्र)** | Operating Permit                        |
| **Share Register (OCR-filed shareholder list)**                 | Ownership Records                       |
| **Directors Register (OCR annual filing)**                      | Governance Records                      |
| **Board Resolution**                                            | Signing Authority                       |
| **Lease Agreement**                                             | Address                                 |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                 | Address                                 |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                               | Address                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                     | NRB license, NIA license, SEBON license |

**Not applicable in Nepal:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by OCR via CAMIS system (camis.ocr.gov.np); digitally signed with QR code; bilingual (Nepali/English).
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed as paired documents at incorporation; both required; OCR retains originals.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by IRD (ird.gov.np); 9-digit number; downloadable signed PDF from taxpayerportal.ird.gov.np.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local municipality/ward office; required after OCR registration; must be renewed annually.
* **Sector-Specific License:** NRB for banks/FIs (BAFIA 2073); NIA for insurers (Insurance Act 2079); SEBON for securities intermediaries. Only required for regulated-sector entities.
* **Ownership Records:** Filed as part of annual return to the Office of the Company Registrar (OCR); includes all current shareholders, number of shares held, and date of most recent transfer.
* **Governance Records:** Filed as part of annual s.78 report to OCR; includes names, addresses, and appointment dates of all directors.
* **Signing Authority:** POA must be notarized by a licensed Nepali notary; no apostille available — MoFA attestation + destination-embassy attestation required for cross-border use.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                       |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director (सञ्चालक)                                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the Board of Directors; governance role per Companies Act 2063 s.86–87. |
| Managing Director (प्रबन्ध सञ्चालक)                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director appointed under s.96; day-to-day operational authority.        |
| Chief Executive Officer (CEO)                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Senior executive; operational head; may or may not sit on the board.              |
| Attorney-in-fact / POA holder (Adhikrit Warishana) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized to act and sign on behalf of the company via notarized POA.     |

## Notes

* Apostille not available. Nepal is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (HCCH status table, verified 2026-05-06). Documents for cross-border use require MoFA attestation followed by destination-country embassy attestation in Kathmandu.
* Dual-calendar system. Nepal uses Bikram Sambat (BS) calendar; fiscal year ends mid-July. All OCR and IRD filings use BS dates (2082 BS = 2025/26 AD). Certificates show BS dates — convert when recording effective dates in Conduit systems.


# Netherlands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/netherlands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Netherlands (NLD) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                |
| ------------ | -------------------- |
| Region       | Europe               |
| ISO 3166-1   | NL / NLD             |
| Registry     | Kamer van Koophandel |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Netherlands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                           | Issuer               |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | -------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **BTW-identificatienummer (BTW-id)** | Belastingdienst      |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **KvK-nummer**                       | Kamer van Koophandel |

*Tax ID:* Format: NL + 9 digits + B + 2-digit suffix (e.g. NL123456789B01). Issued automatically within \~10 business days of KvK registration.

*Registration number:* 8-digit number assigned at Handelsregister registration. RSIN (Rechtspersonen en Samenwerkingsverbanden Identificatienummer, 9 digits) is the government-interoperability identifier for legal entities; collect as supplementary field where available.

## Sector regulators

`DNB` · `AFM` · `Belastingdienst`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Eenmanszaak                           | —            | Sole proprietorship; single natural person trading under their own name or a trade name; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                          |
| Besloten Vennootschap                 | B.V.         | Private limited company; separate legal personality; shares are non-publicly tradable; minimum issued capital of €0.01 since the Flex-BV reform (eff. 2012-10-01); the most common Dutch corporate vehicle for SMEs and subsidiaries. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                      |
| Naamloze Vennootschap                 | N.V.         | Public limited company; separate legal personality; freely transferable shares; minimum issued capital €45,000; the only Dutch form eligible for stock-exchange listing. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                |
| Societas Europaea                     | SE           | European public limited company formed under EU Regulation 2157/2001; registered in the Netherlands by notarial deed and KvK inscription; functionally equivalent to an N.V. and eligible for cross-border redomiciliation within the EU. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                               |
| Vennootschap Onder Firma              | V.O.F.       | General partnership; two or more partners trading under a common firm name; each partner jointly and severally liable for all partnership debts; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                       |
| Commanditaire Vennootschap            | C.V.         | Limited partnership; at least one managing (beherend) partner with unlimited liability and one or more silent (commanditaire) partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                                    |
| Maatschap                             | —            | Civil professional partnership; two or more professionals (e.g. lawyers, accountants) practising together under a common name; each partner liable only for their own acts absent a joint-liability clause; no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                 |
| Coöperatie                            | —            | Cooperative association; separate legal personality; at least two members who share in the cooperative's activities for their mutual benefit; governed by statuten; common in agri-finance, housing, and professional sectors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                 |
| Stichting                             | —            | Foundation; separate legal personality; no members or shareholders; established for a specific societal, charitable, or idealistic purpose; governed by a board (bestuur); may conduct commercial activities if profits serve the foundation's purpose. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation / Foundation. |
| Vereniging                            | —            | Association; separate legal personality (when full legal capacity is granted via notarial deed); members united for a common non-commercial goal; any profits must be applied to the association's purpose. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                          |
| Bijkantoor (Branch of Foreign Entity) | —            | Registered branch of a foreign legal entity; no separate Dutch legal personality; the foreign parent remains fully liable; must register in the KvK Handelsregister under the Wet op de formeel buitenlandse vennootschappen where applicable. Closest US equivalent: Branch / Rep Office.                         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuten                                                      |
| Tax Registration       | BTW-identificatienummer bevestiging                           |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Exploitatievergunning · Omgevingsvergunning     |
| Ownership Records      | Aandeelhoudersregister                                        |
| Governance Records     | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Bestuursbesluit · Volmacht                      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Huurovereenkomst · Nutsrekening · Bankafschrift |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                  | Proves                                 |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| **Uittreksel Handelsregister**                            | Legal Registration, Governance Records |
| **Statuten (akte van oprichting + statuten)**             | Constitutive Documents                 |
| **BTW-identificatienummer bevestiging (Belastingdienst)** | Tax Registration                       |
| **Exploitatievergunning**                                 | Operating Permit                       |
| **Omgevingsvergunning (gemeente)**                        | Operating Permit                       |
| **Aandeelhoudersregister (B.V.)**                         | Ownership Records                      |
| **Board resolution (bestuursbesluit)**                    | Signing Authority                      |
| **Volmacht (notarised power of attorney)**                | Signing Authority                      |
| **Huurovereenkomst**                                      | Address                                |
| **Nutsrekening (≤90 dagen)**                              | Address                                |
| **Bankafschrift (≤90 dagen)**                             | Address                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                               | DNB vergunning, AFM vergunning (Wft)   |

**Not applicable in Netherlands:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Order digitally certified (gewaarmerkt) copy at kvk.nl; available in Dutch and English.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised at incorporation; deed must contain statuten. Retrievable via KvK (statuten product).
* **Tax Registration:** BTW-id is the primary cross-border tax identifier; verify via EU VIES. RSIN is supplementary for government integrations.
* **Operating Permit:** No single national operating licence; municipalities issue under local APV and environment permit rules. Requirement and form vary by gemeente. Not applicable for professional-services B.V.s with no physical premises.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banking, payment services, e-money, and insurance: authorised by DNB. Investment services, fund management, and securities: authorised by AFM. Crypto-asset service providers (CASPs) require DNB authorisation under the EU MiCA framework.
* **Governance Records:** Lists bestuurders (directors), commissarissen (supervisory board members), and signing authority (bevoegdheid: zelfstandig, gezamenlijk).
* **Signing Authority:** Standard B.V. signing authority registered in Handelsregister; third-party authority via notarised volmacht (BW Art. 3:60). Bestuursbesluit needed only when authority is not self-evident from the Handelsregister; volmacht needed only for external/third-party representatives.
* **Address:** Provide a lease agreement (no recency requirement) OR a utility bill OR a bank statement dated within 90 days. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                       |
| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Bestuurder (B.V./N.V./Stichting)   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director; day-to-day management authority; registered in Handelsregister.               |
| Beherend vennoot (V.O.F./C.V.)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing partner with unlimited liability and operational authority.                              |
| Commissaris (N.V. / two-tier B.V.) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member (Raad van Commissarissen); governance/oversight, not executive.          |
| Gevolmachtigde                     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a volmacht (power of attorney); authority to bind the company within the scope granted. |

## Notes

* Flex-BV min capital is €0.01, not zero. Since the Flex-BV reform (eff. 2012-10-01, BW Art. 2:178), a B.V. requires at least one share at a minimum par of €0.01. Verify issued share capital from statuten.
* RSIN is not interchangeable with KvK-nummer. RSIN (9 digits) is the government-interoperability ID used by Belastingdienst and other public bodies; KvK-nummer (8 digits) is the Handelsregister identifier. Both appear on the uittreksel; collect both if possible.


# New Zealand
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/new-zealand

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in New Zealand (NZL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                        |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                 |
| ISO 3166-1   | NZ / NZL                                                                                                     |
| Registry     | [New Zealand Companies Office (Registrar of Companies)](https://companies-register.companiesoffice.govt.nz/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in New Zealand and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                              | Issuer                                                                         |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Inland Revenue Department Number (IRD Number)**       | Inland Revenue (IR) — Te Tari Taake                                            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **New Zealand Business Number (NZBN) / Company Number** | New Zealand Companies Office (Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment) |

*Tax ID:* 8- or 9-digit number issued by Inland Revenue to every tax-paying entity in New Zealand, including companies, partnerships, trusts, and other legal entities. Governed by the Tax Administration Act 1994. Displayed as XX-XXX-XXX (8 digits) or XXX-XXX-XXX (9 digits). The GST registration number is the same as the IRD number — no separate GST number is issued. GST registration is mandatory when taxable supplies exceed NZD 60,000 per annum (Goods and Services Tax Act 1985 s.51). Companies receive their IRD number when registering with Inland Revenue; this is separate from Companies Office registration.

*Registration number:* The Company Number is a unique numeric identifier assigned by the Registrar of Companies at incorporation under the Companies Act 1993; it appears on the Certificate of Incorporation. The NZBN (New Zealand Business Number) is a 13-digit globally unique identifier issued to all businesses under the New Zealand Business Number Act 2016 — based on GS1 Global Location Number (GLN) standards — and is the primary identifier replacing the Company Number over time. All NZBNs for New Zealand entities begin with the country prefix '9429'. The NZBN is searchable at nzbn.govt.nz and companies-register.companiesoffice.govt.nz.

## Sector regulators

`FMA (Financial Markets Authority)` · `RBNZ (Reserve Bank of New Zealand — Te Pūtea Matua)` · `DIA (Department of Internal Affairs)` · `Companies Office (Registrar of Companies / MBIE)` · `NZ Police Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)` · `Commerce Commission`

## Legal structures

| Local name                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ----------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Limited Liability Company     | Ltd          | The standard company form incorporated under the Companies Act 1993; shareholders' liability is limited to any amount unpaid on their shares; must have at least one director who lives in New Zealand, or lives in an enforcement country (currently Australia) and is a director of a body corporate incorporated there (Companies Act 1993 s.10); filed with the New Zealand Companies Office. The most common business vehicle for SMEs and large enterprises alike. Public companies (shares listed or offered to the public) use 'Limited' or 'Ltd'; private companies with share-transfer restrictions are also incorporated under the same Act. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Listed Public Company         | Ltd          | A company incorporated under the Companies Act 1993 whose shares are listed on the New Zealand Exchange (NZX) or otherwise offered to the public; subject to additional disclosure and governance obligations under the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 and NZX Listing Rules. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Look-Through Company          | LTC          | A special tax-transparent variant of a limited liability company elected under the Income Tax Act 2007 (ss HB 1–HB 13); all shareholders must be natural persons, another LTC, or trustees of certain trusts; income and expenses flow through to shareholders for income tax purposes while limited liability is retained. Maximum 5 shareholders. Closest US equivalent: S-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Limited Partnership           | LP           | A separate legal entity registered under the Limited Partnerships Act 2008; requires at least one general partner (unlimited liability; may be a company) and at least one limited partner (liability capped at capital contribution); tax transparent — income allocated to partners. The preferred vehicle for private equity, venture capital, and fund structures in New Zealand. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| General Partnership           | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business in common with a view to profit; governed by the Partnership Act 1908; not a separate legal entity; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership debts. Does not require registration with the Companies Office but must register a business name if trading under a name other than the partners' own names. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Limited Liability Partnership | LLP          | Not separately legislated in New Zealand as a standalone structure — the Limited Partnerships Act 2008 LP with limited partners effectively serves this function. Some professional firms use this label informally. In practice, foreign LLPs may register as overseas companies. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Sole Trader                   | —            | An individual carrying on business on their own account; not a separate legal entity; no registration with Companies Office required (though a business name may be registered); must obtain an IRD number and register for GST if turnover exceeds NZD 60,000 per annum. The owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Charitable Trust Board        | —            | An incorporated body registered under the Charitable Trusts Act 1957; holds assets for charitable purposes; trustees are the governing body; registered with the Charities Register administered by the Companies Office. Used for non-profit charitable purposes. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Incorporated Society          | —            | A membership-based non-profit incorporated body under the Incorporated Societies Act 2022 (replacing the 1908 Act; new Act in force from 5 October 2023); minimum 10 members; separate legal entity; governed by a committee of at least 3 people; registered with Companies Office. Used for clubs, community groups, professional associations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Membership Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Unit Trust                    | —            | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Overseas Company (Branch)     | —            | A company incorporated outside New Zealand that carries on business in New Zealand and must register with the Companies Office under the Companies Act 1993 Part 18 within 10 working days of commencing business; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; must appoint an agent in New Zealand and maintain a registered office. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation Branch.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Company Extract          |
| Constitutive Documents | Company Constitution                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* IRD Number Confirmation · GST Registration Confirmation |
| Ownership Records      | Share Register                                                        |
| Governance Records     | Company Extract                                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Directors Resolution · Power of Attorney                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement         |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Company Search Report · Certificate of Good Standing    |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                         | Proves                                                                                                                 |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                 | Legal Registration                                                                                                     |
| **Companies Register Extract**                                   | Legal Registration                                                                                                     |
| **Company Constitution**                                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                 |
| **IRD Number Confirmation Letter**                               | Tax Registration                                                                                                       |
| **GST Registration Confirmation (Inland Revenue)**               | Tax Registration                                                                                                       |
| **Share Register**                                               | Ownership Records                                                                                                      |
| **Companies Register Extract (directors evidence)**              | Governance Records                                                                                                     |
| **Directors' Resolution**                                        | Signing Authority                                                                                                      |
| **Power of Attorney**                                            | Signing Authority                                                                                                      |
| **Lease Agreement**                                              | Address                                                                                                                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                  | Address                                                                                                                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                | Address                                                                                                                |
| **Companies Office Company Search Report**                       | Good Standing                                                                                                          |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (third-party certified extract)** | Good Standing                                                                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                      | FSPR Registration Certificate, Financial Markets Authority Licence, Reserve Bank of New Zealand Registration / Licence |

**Not applicable in New Zealand:** Operating Permit. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** The Certificate of Incorporation is issued electronically by the Registrar of Companies upon incorporation under the Companies Act 1993; it states the company name, company number (and NZBN), and date of incorporation, and bears the Companies Office seal and registrar signature. The Company Extract (downloadable free from companies-register.companiesoffice.govt.nz) is the standard KYB document — it shows current status, registered office, director and shareholder details, and NZBN. Both documents are widely accepted. Overseas companies receive a Certificate of Registration rather than Certificate of Incorporation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Under the Companies Act 1993 s.29, a company may but is not required to have a constitution. If no constitution is adopted, the default provisions of the Companies Act 1993 (the 'replaceable rules') govern the company. The constitution is a private document filed with the Companies Office; it sets out the company's internal rules, share classes, director powers, and shareholder rights. The constitution is downloadable from the Companies Register for incorporated companies that have filed one.
* **Tax Registration:** The IRD number is the primary tax identifier; issued by Inland Revenue (Te Tari Taake) under the Tax Administration Act 1994. IRD issues a confirmation letter when the IRD number is assigned. For GST-registered entities (turnover ≥ NZD 60,000 p.a. under the Goods and Services Tax Act 1985 s.51), the GST number is the same as the IRD number. Inland Revenue does not issue a formal GST certificate — confirmation of GST registration can be obtained via myIR or a letter from IR. Accept: IRD number confirmation letter, myIR GST registration confirmation, or any official Inland Revenue correspondence showing the IRD/GST number.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific licences and registrations are required for regulated financial activities. The Financial Service Providers (Registration and Dispute Resolution) Act 2008 requires all financial service providers to register on the Financial Service Providers Register (FSPR) at fsp-register.companiesoffice.govt.nz. Licensing by FMA under the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 is required for: managed investment scheme managers, financial advice providers (FAP), derivatives issuers, discretionary investment management services (DIMS), and equity crowdfunding/P2P platforms. RBNZ licensing/registration required for: registered banks, licensed insurers (Insurance (Prudential Supervision) Act 2010), non-bank deposit takers (NBDT). From 1 July 2026, consumer lenders must be licensed by FMA. AML/CFT reporting entities supervised by FMA, RBNZ, or DIA.
* **Governance Records:** Every company must maintain a register of directors and their service addresses under the Companies Act 1993 s.189; director details are also publicly available in the Company Extract from the Companies Register. Director appointments and resignations must be notified to the Registrar. At least one director must live in New Zealand or live in an enforcement country (currently Australia) and be a director of a body corporate incorporated there (Companies Act 1993 s.10). The Company Extract is the primary KYB evidence for directors and also satisfies business\_registration.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form for board resolutions. Directors may pass resolutions at a meeting or by written resolution signed by all directors (Companies Act 1993 Schedule 3). The resolution must authorise the signatory and may specify signing limits or powers. New Zealand abolished the requirement for a common seal in 1993; companies execute documents under s.180 by the signature of one or more directors (or an officer authorised in that behalf). Powers of attorney are governed by the Property Law Act 2007 ss.9–21; company POAs are executed under s.180. For overseas use, documents may be apostilled — New Zealand is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. The Companies Register Company Extract confirms the registered office address on record. For the principal place of business or operating address (if different from registered office), standard address evidence applies. Many New Zealand companies use a registered agent's or accountant's address as their registered office — accept the Company Extract for registered-address evidence and request utility/bank/lease for the operating address separately if different.
* **Good Standing:** The New Zealand Companies Office formerly issued Certificates of Good Standing but discontinued this as a standard product. The Companies Office now provides a Company Search Report (downloadable from the Companies Register) which confirms current status, including whether the company is registered, its current financial statements filing status, and whether any liquidation or receivership has been registered. Third-party registered agents (e.g. System Day Ltd, Schmidt & Schmidt) can obtain certified extracts confirming good standing. For international use, documents may be apostilled. Accept: Companies Office Company Search Report OR a third-party certified extract attesting good standing.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for managing the company under the Companies Act 1993; at least one director must live in New Zealand, or live in an enforcement country (currently Australia) and be a director of a body corporate incorporated there (Companies Act 1993 s.10). Director details are recorded publicly on the Companies Register Company Extract. |
| General Partner                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Partner in a limited partnership with unlimited liability who manages the business of the LP as its agent; registered with the Companies Office under the Limited Partnerships Act 2008.                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Authorised Signatory / Agent        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by directors' resolution or power of attorney to sign documents and transact on behalf of the company under Companies Act 1993 s.180 or a power of attorney under the Property Law Act 2007.                                                                                                                                             |
| Authorised Agent (Overseas Company) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Required for overseas companies registered in New Zealand under Companies Act 1993 Part 18; must be a person resident in New Zealand authorised to accept service of process on behalf of the overseas company.                                                                                                                                                    |

## Notes

* The NZBN (13-digit, starting '94' for NZ entities) is the primary forward-facing business identifier and is replacing the older company registration number. Both are valid KYB identifiers; the Company Extract from companies-register.companiesoffice.govt.nz shows both. The NZBN register at nzbn.govt.nz is a free public lookup.
* IRD number and GST number are the SAME number in New Zealand — no separate GST number is issued. Entities below the NZD 60,000 GST threshold will have an IRD number but no GST registration; above that threshold, the same IRD number is used as the GST number. Collect the IRD number confirmation letter or an official IR document showing the IRD number.
* The Companies Office no longer routinely issues Certificates of Good Standing as a standard product. The current-status document is the Company Search Report downloadable from the Companies Register. Third-party certified extracts from registered agents may be required when the document needs to be apostilled for overseas use. New Zealand is a Hague Apostille Convention country.
* Trust structures (family trusts, unit trusts, charitable trust boards) are very common in New Zealand but the trust itself is not a Companies Office-registered entity. The trustee (often a company) is the registered entity. When onboarding a New Zealand trust: collect (a) company documents for the trustee company, and (b) the trust deed. Both the trustee company and the trust require separate KYB/KYC.
* AML/CFT regulation was significantly amended in three phases: July 2023 (new entity types covered, nominee director clarifications), June 2024 (expanded CDD — companies/partnerships must disclose legal form, ownership structure, and control mechanisms; BO definition expanded to include effective control), and June 2025 (individualised risk ratings mandatory). Ensure CDD procedures reflect the June 2024 expanded BO definition.
* New Zealand's AML/CFT Act 2009 is supervised by three agencies: FMA (financial markets entities), RBNZ (banks, life insurers, NBDTs), and DIA (casinos, lawyers, conveyancers, accountants, real estate agents). Identify the applicable supervisor when collecting regulatory licence evidence.


# Nicaragua
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/nicaragua

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Nicaragua (NIC) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                    |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | NI / NIC                                 |
| Registry     | Registro Mercantil + DGI (tax authority) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                               |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Nicaragua and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                         | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RUC**                            | DGI (Dirección General de Ingresos) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Inscripción Registro Mercantil** | Registro Mercantil                  |

*Tax ID:* Registro Único de Contribuyentes for tax purposes.

*Registration number:* Mercantile registry inscription number.

## Sector regulators

`SIBOIF` · `TELCOR`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------ | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | S.A.            | Share-capital corporation whose shareholders are liable only up to the value of their shares; governed by the Commercial Code and the most widely used corporate vehicle for medium and large enterprises. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.  |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | S. de R.L.      | Quota-based, closely-held company in which members' liability is limited to their capital contributions; capital is not divided into freely tradable shares. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                       |
| Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo         | S. en N.C.      | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear joint, unlimited liability for company debts. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                            |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple         | S. en C.        | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (gestor) bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners (comanditarios) liable only up to their capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones   | S. en C. por A. | Variant of the limited partnership in which the limited partners' capital is represented by transferable shares; general partners retain unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                             |
| Comerciante Individual               | —               | Natural person who registers individually with the Registro Mercantil to conduct commerce; no separate legal entity is created and the proprietor bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.              |
| Cooperativa                          | —               | Member-owned cooperative governed by the Ley General de Cooperativas (Ley 499); profits and governance rights are allocated on a per-member basis rather than by capital share. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                        |
| Sucursal de Empresa Extranjera       | —               | Registered branch of a foreign legal entity authorised to operate in Nicaragua; the parent company retains full legal personality and liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                 |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Inscripción Registro Mercantil                                                            |
| Constitutive Documents | Escritura de Constitución                                                                 |
| Tax Registration       | Constancia RUC                                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | Matrícula Municipal                                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Accionistas                                  |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Certificación de Junta Directiva                      |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Certificación de Acta + Poder Notarial                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                                |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Inscripción Registro Mercantil**       | Legal Registration                    |
| **Escritura de Constitución**            | Constitutive Documents                |
| **Constancia RUC (DGI)**                 | Tax Registration                      |
| **Matrícula Municipal**                  | Operating Permit                      |
| **Escritura Pública**                    | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Libro de Accionistas**                 | Ownership Records                     |
| **Certificación de Junta Directiva**     | Governance Records                    |
| **Certificación de Acta**                | Signing Authority                     |
| **Poder Notarial (notarized POA)**       | Signing Authority                     |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**            | Address                               |
| **Recibo de Servicios (≤90 días)**       | Address                               |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)** | Address                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**              | SIBOIF, TELCOR                        |

**Not applicable in Nicaragua:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement; utility/bank documents must be dated within 90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                                |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board president.                           |
| Director / Vocal    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member.                              |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.                      |
| Administrador Único | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Sole administrator (alternative to board). |


# Niger
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/niger

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Niger (NER) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                           |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                          |
| ISO 3166-1   | NE / NER                                                        |
| Registry     | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce via CFE / Maison de l'Entreprise |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Niger and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                                          |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**         | Direction Générale des Impôts (DGI)                             |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce via CFE / Maison de l'Entreprise |

*Tax ID:* Unique, exclusive, invariable identifier for all entities; required prior to any commercial activity.

*Registration number:* OHADA commercial register number; issued within one month of incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`BCEAO` · `AMF-UMOA` · `CIMA` · `CENTIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Most common SME vehicle; no minimum capital (Décret 2017-284 removed prior floor); liability limited to contributions. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                            |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company requiring at least 10,000,000 FCFA; board of 3–12 directors or single administrator; at least one-quarter of capital paid up at formation. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                           |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Simplified joint-stock company with no minimum capital; governance freely set in bylaws; capital divided into freely transferable shares. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                  |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership under OHADA; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                              |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership combining commandités (at least one partner with unlimited liability) and commanditaires (liable only to contributions). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                             |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | —            | Sole-trader registration for a natural person exercising commercial activity; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                            |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest group facilitating shared commercial activities among members; no minimum capital; separate legal personality but members retain unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Statutory Business Trust or Joint Venture. |
| Société Coopérative              | SCOOP        | Cooperative company governed by the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (2010); includes SCOOPS (simplified) and SCOOPCA (with board) variants. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                |
| Succursale de Société Étrangère  | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign company registered in the RCCM; no independent legal personality; parent company bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation NIF                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Patente · Autorisation d'Exercice                       |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Registre des Associés · Registre des Actionnaires       |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV d'Assemblée Générale      |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Pouvoir Notarié               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                                     |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| **Extrait RCCM**                    | Legal Registration, Governance Records     |
| **Statuts**                         | Constitutive Documents, Governance Records |
| **Attestation NIF**                 | Tax Registration                           |
| **Patente**                         | Operating Permit                           |
| **Autorisation d'Exercice**         | Operating Permit                           |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**    | Ownership Records                          |
| **Registre des Actionnaires (SA)**  | Ownership Records                          |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale**         | Governance Records                         |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale**         | Signing Authority                          |
| **Pouvoir Notarié**                 | Signing Authority                          |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                                    |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                                    |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**         | Agrément BCEAO, AMF-UMOA, CIMA             |

**Not applicable in Niger:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce via CFE. Niger ratified OHADA Treaty 1995-06-05.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Private document or notarized act (AUSCGIE). Marital status of partners/shareholders required (OHADA community-property regime).
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DGI; required within one month of business start.
* **Operating Permit:** Annual business-activity tax-license; sector-neutral; issued by DGI / municipal authority.
* **Sector-Specific License:** BCEAO agrément for banks and payment institutions; AMF-UMOA license for capital-market activities; CIMA for insurance.
* **Governance Records:** RCCM extract lists current gérant/directeurs; statuts and AGM minutes confirm appointments.
* **Signing Authority:** Board/AGM resolution or notarized power of attorney; gérant has statutory binding authority by default.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement; utility bills and bank statements must be dated within 90 days. Satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                           |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages the SARL; has all powers to bind the company by statute.      |
| Président (SAS)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the SAS; broadest day-to-day executive authority.               |
| Directeur Général                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer in an SA; manages operations under board authority. |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over the SA board; governance role.                          |
| Administrateur                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the SA board of directors.                                  |
| Mandataire                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized POA to act on behalf of the company.              |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital status, matrimonial regime, and spouse name for associates/shareholders due to community-property considerations (AUSCGIE). |

## Notes

* Niger is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed by HCCH status table as of 2026-05-06). All foreign public documents require full embassy legalisation chain.
* Niger transposed the UMOA Loi uniforme relative à la LBC/FT/FP (adopted 2023-03-31) via Ordonnance 2024-56 du 19 décembre 2024, which replaced Loi 2016-33 of 2016-10-31. The BCEAO issued three implementing instructions (Inst. 001/002/003-03-2025, dated 2025-03-18) with full operational effect as of 2025. Cite Ordonnance 2024-56 — do not cite the superseded Loi 2016-33 or Directive 02/2015/CM/UEMOA.
* The SARL minimum capital was abolished by Décret 2017-284 (modifying Décret 2014-503/PRN/MC/PSP/MJ); SARL capital is now freely set by associés. Do not rely on older sources citing 1,000,000 or 100,000 FCFA floors.
* AMF-UMOA (formerly CREPMF) rebranded effective 2021-01-01; cite AMF-UMOA in current filings.


# Nigeria
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/nigeria

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Nigeria (NGA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                         |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | NG / NGA                                                      |
| Registry     | [Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC)](https://www.cac.gov.ng/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Nigeria and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name    | Issuer                             |
| ------------------------------- | ------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**       | NRS (Nigeria Revenue Service)      |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **RC number** | CAC (Corporate Affairs Commission) |

*Tax ID:* TIN issued by NRS (formerly FIRS).

*Registration number:* Company registration number assigned by CAC at incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`CBN` · `SEC NG` · `NCC` · `NAFDAC` · `NFIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares   | Ltd          | Closely-held share-capital company with 1+ shareholders; shares not publicly traded. The default SME vehicle under CAMA 2020. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                          |
| Public Limited Company              | PLC          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public and listed on a stock exchange. Requires minimum share capital and three independent directors under CAMA 2020. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                     |
| Company Limited by Guarantee        | Ltd/Gte      | Incorporated body with no share capital; members' liability limited to their guaranteed contribution. Used by nonprofits, NGOs, trade associations, and professional bodies under CAMA 2020. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.     |
| Unlimited Company                   | —            | Share-capital company whose members bear unlimited personal liability for the company's debts. Rare in practice. Registered under CAMA 2020. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (with unlimited-liability feature).                                     |
| Limited Liability Partnership       | LLP          | Body corporate with separate legal personality where all partners enjoy limited liability. Requires minimum two partners. Registered under CAMA 2020 Part C. Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                           |
| Limited Partnership                 | LP           | Has at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Registered under CAMA 2020 Part D. Equivalent to a US LP.                                  |
| General Partnership                 | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business jointly as a registered Business Name; all partners bear unlimited personal liability. Registered under CAMA 2020 Part E. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                     |
| Business Name (Sole Proprietorship) | —            | Single natural person trading under a registered Business Name with the CAC; no separate legal personality and unlimited personal liability. Registered under CAMA 2020 Part E. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                        |
| Incorporated Trustees               | —            | Body corporate formed by religious organisations, charities, clubs, or associations under CAMA 2020 Part F; income must be applied to stated objects and not distributed to members. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)). |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                             |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                 |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association (MEMART)                                                |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Business Premises Registration Certificate                                                   |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association (MEMART) + Form CAC 2A + Share Register |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association (MEMART) + Form CAC 7                   |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                 |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                               | Proves                                                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (CAC)**                                                 | Legal Registration                                                                                                               |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (MEMART)**                                      | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                           |
| **TIN Certificate (NRS)**                                                              | Tax Registration                                                                                                                 |
| **Business Premises Registration Certificate (state Board of Internal Revenue + LGA)** | Operating Permit                                                                                                                 |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (MEMART)**                                      | Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                            |
| **Form CAC 2A (Return of Allotment)**                                                  | Ownership Records                                                                                                                |
| **Share Register**                                                                     | Ownership Records                                                                                                                |
| **Form CAC 7 (Particulars of Directors)**                                              | Governance Records                                                                                                               |
| **Board Resolution (account opening)**                                                 | Signing Authority                                                                                                                |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                                    | Address                                                                                                                          |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                                        | Address                                                                                                                          |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                                      | Address                                                                                                                          |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (CAC)**                                                 | Good Standing                                                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                            | CBN, SEC NG, NCC, NAFDAC, NFIU — Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit, SCUML Certificate (DNFBP sector — issued by SCUML / EFCC) |

### Collection notes

* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the state Board of Internal Revenue (Business Premises Registration / Renewal Levy) and the Local Government Area where the entity operates. Renewable annually. Required for all commercial entities; not sector-specific.
* **Sector-Specific License:** SCUML Certificate is issued by the Special Control Unit Against Money Laundering (under EFCC) and is required only for Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions (real estate, dealers in precious metals, accountants, lawyers, NGOs, etc.) — not for general commerce. Collect only when your customer operates in a DNFBP sector.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Corporate Affairs Commission on request, confirming the company is registered, up to date with annual returns and not in liquidation. Available via the iCRP e-certificate portal once annual filings are current. Request a certificate dated within 30–90 days of submission; banks typically require ≤30 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role        | Canonical API role   | Description                                                                                                                    |
| ----------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. Minimum 1 for small private companies, 2 for standard Ltd, 3 independent directors required for PLC (CAMA 2020). |
| Chairman          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Presides over board meetings.                                                                                                  |
| Managing Director | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Day-to-day management authority.                                                                                               |


# North Macedonia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/north-macedonia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in North Macedonia (MKD) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | MK / MKD   |
| Registry     | CRRNM      |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in North Macedonia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                      |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | --------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **EDB**    | UJP (Public Revenue Office) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **EMBS**   | CRRNM                       |

*Tax ID:* 13-digit number. VAT-registered entities prefix "MK" to form a 15-char VAT ID (e.g. MK4032013544513). Mandatory on all invoices. Issued automatically on company registration.

*Registration number:* 7-digit unique registration number assigned by CRRNM. Distinct from EDB. Appears on the Izvod extract.

## Sector regulators

`ISA/ASO — Insurance Supervision Agency` · `UJP` · `NBRSM` · `SEC/KHoV`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                                                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Друштво со ограничена одговорност (Društvo so ograničena odgovornost)                              | DOO / DOOEL  | Limited liability company with 1–50 members; minimum capital EUR 5,000 in MKD equivalent; managed by one or more managers (upravitel). DOOEL is the single-member variant. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                    |
| Поедноставено друштво со ограничена одговорност (Pojednostaveno Društvo so ograničena odgovornost) | PDOO         | Simplified limited liability company subtype introduced by 2021 amendments; minimum capital EUR 1 in MKD equivalent; up to three natural-person founders, one of whom must be manager; otherwise governed by DOO rules. Closest US equivalent: SMLLC. |
| Акционерско друштво (Akcionersko Društvo)                                                          | AD           | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum capital EUR 25,000 (simultaneous) or EUR 50,000 (successive/public offer) in MKD equivalent; unitary or two-tier board structure. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                             |
| Јавно трговско друштво (Javno Trgovsko Društvo)                                                    | JTD          | General partnership in which all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability for company obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                |
| Командитно друштво (Komanditno Društvo)                                                            | KD           | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and at least one limited partner (liability capped at contribution). Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                              |
| Командитно друштво со акции (Komanditno Društvo so Akcii)                                          | KDA          | Limited partnership with shares; general partners bear unlimited liability while limited partners hold transferable shares; capital requirements mirror the AD structure. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                     |
| Трговец поединец (Trgovec Poedine)                                                                 | —            | Sole trader registered in the Trade Register; a natural person conducting business under their own name with no separate legal personality and unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                  |
| Странска подружница (Stranska Podružnica)                                                          | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company; not a separate legal entity—the parent company bears unlimited liability for branch obligations. Registered with CRRNM. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                 |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                              |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Izvod od Trgovskiot Registar                                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Osnivački akt · Statut                                          |
| Tax Registration       | Potvrda za EDB                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | Komunalna/opštinska dozvola                                                   |
| Ownership Records      | Izvod od CRRNM                                                                |
| Governance Records     | Izvod od CRRNM                                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Одлука · Нотарски заверено полномошно                           |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Договор за закуп · Сметка за комунални услуги · Банковски извод |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                       | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Izvod od Trgovskiot Registar**                               | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Osnivački akt (DOO/DOOEL)**                                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Statut (AD)**                                                | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Potvrda za EDB**                                             | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Komunalna/opštinska dozvola (municipal permit)**             | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Izvod od Centralnog registra (shareholders section)**        | Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Одлука на одбор / собрание (board/assembly resolution)**     | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Нотарски заверено полномошно (notarised power of attorney)** | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Договор за закуп**                                           | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Сметка за комунални услуги (≤90 дена)**                      | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Банковски извод (≤90 дена)**                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                    | Licence from NBRSM, Лиценца КХВ (Securities and Exchange Commission MK), Лиценца АСО (Insurance Supervision Agency MK), Лиценца МАПАС (pension fund supervision), NBRSM — National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia (banking, payment institutions), SEC/KHoV — Komisija za hartije od vrednosti (Securities and Exchange Commission) |

**Not applicable in North Macedonia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Official extract from CRRNM; includes EMBS, EDB, entity type, registered address, founders, management. Searchable free of charge at crm.com.mk.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised constitutive document filed with CRRNM at incorporation; single document for DOO; DOOEL uses a unilateral declaration (izjava).
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by UJP; confirms 13-digit EDB. For VAT payers, UJP also issues a VAT certificate showing the "MK" + EDB format.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the relevant local municipality (opština); required for general trading at the registered address; scope varies by municipality.
* **Sector-Specific License:** NBRSM for banks and payment institutions; SEC/KHoV for investment firms and funds; ISA/ASO for insurance; MAPAS for pension companies.
* **Ownership Records:** Shareholder / member list for DOO and AD entities appears in the CRRNM Izvod extract.
* **Governance Records:** Lists current managers (upravitel) for DOO or board members for AD; updated via change-of-data filing at CRRNM.
* **Signing Authority:** Notarisation required for PoAs granting broad signing authority; manager authority derives from appointment recorded in CRRNM Izvod.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                              |
| --------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Upravitel (DOO manager)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed managing director of a DOO; day-to-day operational authority; registered with CRRNM.           |
| Izvršen direktor (AD executive director)      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director of an AD; operational management role.                                                |
| Член na Odbor na Direktori (AD board member)  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the AD's board of directors; governance/oversight role.                                        |
| Член na Nadzoren Odbor (AD supervisory board) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Supervisory board member (two-tier AD structure); oversight only.                                        |
| Zakonski zastapnik / Polnomošnik              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person legally authorised to bind the company; may be the manager or a PoA holder registered with CRRNM. |

## Notes

* EMBS ≠ EDB. The 7-digit EMBS (registration number, issued by CRRNM) and the 13-digit EDB (tax ID, issued by UJP) are distinct identifiers. Both should be collected; map EMBS to businessInfo.businessEntityId and EDB to businessInfo.taxId.
* AD minimum capital is EUR-denominated. Minimum is EUR 25,000 (simultaneous establishment, no public offer) or EUR 50,000 (successive, with public offer), each in MKD counter-value per NBRM middle rate on the day prior to statute adoption.
* EU candidate, not EU member — AMLR/AMLD6 not directly applicable. AML obligations derive from domestic law (OG 151/2022, latest amendments OG 208/2024, eff. 2024-10-17); the EU AMLR (2024/1624, eff. 2027-07-10) will not bind North Macedonia until accession.


# Northern Mariana Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/northern-mariana-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Northern Mariana Islands (MNP) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                               |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | MP / MNP                                                                                            |
| Registry     | [Office of the Registrar of Corporations, CNMI Department of Commerce](https://registrar.cnmi.gov/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Northern Mariana Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                   | Issuer                                                               |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Business License Number / CNMI Tax Identification Number** | CNMI Department of Finance, Division of Revenue and Taxation         |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Corporation / LLC / Partnership Registration Number**      | Office of the Registrar of Corporations, CNMI Department of Commerce |

*Tax ID:* The Secretary of Finance issues a Business License to every person conducting business in the Commonwealth under 4 CMC § 5611 and the Business License regulations (NMIAC 70-40.1). The Business License number serves as the CNMI Tax Identification Number and is the primary fiscal identifier for Business Gross Revenue Tax (BGRT) under Chapter 4 CMC § 1103, Wage and Salary Tax (Chapter 2), and Northern Marianas Territorial Income Tax (Chapter 7, NMTIT — a mirror of the US Internal Revenue Code). The Department of Finance centralized business license issuance to cross-reference tax filings and identify non-filers. All businesses in the CNMI also obtain a federal Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the US IRS for payroll and federal-equivalent income tax purposes, as CNMI's income tax is a US IRC mirror system.

*Registration number:* Unique sequential number assigned at formation by the Office of the Registrar of Corporations (Department of Commerce) under Title 4 of the Commonwealth Code (CMC). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation (corporations), Certificate of Organization (LLCs), and Certificate of Partnership (general partnerships). Sole proprietorships are not registered with the Registrar and do not receive a registration number. All registered entities are required to file annual reports with the Registrar by March 1 of each year (filing fee set by regulation; revised under PL 21-37, effective May 2021). No publicly confirmed fixed-length format.

## Sector regulators

`Division of Banking and Financial Institutions, CNMI Department of Commerce (banking, remittance, finance companies, securities, broker-dealers, investment advisers)` · `CNMI Department of Finance, Division of Revenue and Taxation (business licensing, BGRT, income tax)` · `Office of the Registrar of Corporations, CNMI Department of Commerce (corporate registration)` · `FinCEN (Financial Crimes Enforcement Network — BSA/AML oversight applies to all CNMI financial institutions as US territory)` · `Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC — federal deposit insurance for qualifying CNMI banks)` · `U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC — federal securities oversight)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Domestic For-Profit Corporation | Corp. / Inc. | Incorporated under Title 4 of the Commonwealth Code (CMC) Business Corporation regulations (NMIAC T20-50.1); articles of incorporation filed with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations (Department of Commerce); governed by a board of directors elected by shareholders; must maintain a registered office and registered agent within CNMI; minimum one shareholder, one director, and one officer (same person may hold all roles); subject to CNMI corporate income tax (NMTIT); required to file annual reports by March 1. May be designated as a C-Corporation or elect S-Corporation status for federal tax purposes. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                         |
| Non-Profit Corporation          | —            | Formed under Title 4 CMC Non-Profit Corporation provisions and NMIAC T20-50.2; articles of incorporation (Petition for Charter of Incorporation) and Bylaws filed with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations; organized for religious, charitable, educational, scientific, or social purposes; no distribution of earnings to members; annual report required; may apply for tax-exempt status. Closest US equivalent: 501(c)(3) Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Limited Liability Company       | LLC          | Formed under the CNMI LLC Act (Public Law 14-11) enacted in 2004; Articles of Organization filed with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations; members hold membership interests rather than shares; member-managed or manager-managed as specified in the Operating Agreement; provides limited liability protection combined with pass-through taxation (single-member treated as disregarded entity; multi-member treated as partnership); must maintain a registered office and registered agent in CNMI; annual report required by March 1; foreign-owned LLCs may be subject to 35% quarterly withholding on effectively connected income under CNMI-sourced income rules. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| General Partnership             | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together under Title 4 CMC partnership provisions; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership obligations; registered with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations; annual report required; name must be registered with the Registrar if operating under a trade name; pass-through taxation. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Limited Partnership             | LP           | Formed under Title 4 CMC; comprises one or more general partners with unlimited liability who manage the business and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; limited partners may not participate in management without risking loss of their liability shield; certificate of limited partnership filed with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations; annual report required; pass-through taxation. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Sole Proprietorship             | —            | A single individual conducting business on their own account; not registered with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations (which expressly excludes sole proprietorships from its jurisdiction); owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business obligations; must obtain a Business License from the CNMI Department of Finance before commencing operations; if operating under a trade name other than the owner's legal name, must register the fictitious business name with the Department of Commerce; income reported on the owner's personal CNMI and federal income tax returns. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                             |
| Foreign Corporation             | —            | A corporation formed outside of the CNMI that registers to conduct business within the Commonwealth under Title 4 CMC; must file a Certificate of Authority (with a certified copy of its home-jurisdiction articles of incorporation and a certificate of good standing or existence from the home jurisdiction) with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations; must maintain a registered agent in CNMI; subject to annual report obligations and all CNMI taxes on CNMI-sourced income. Not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation qualified to do business.                                                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                                     |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Organization · Certificate of Limited Partnership *(optional: Certificate of Authority)* |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Bylaws *(optional: Operating Agreement)*                                                                   |
| Tax Registration       | Business License                                                                                                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Business License                                                                                                                                     |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Shareholders                                                                                                                             |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors and Officers · Annual Report                                                                                     |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                                   |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                                                                        |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                 | Proves                                                                                                                            |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                         | Legal Registration                                                                                                                |
| **Certificate of Organization (LLC)**                    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                |
| **Certificate of Limited Partnership**                   | Legal Registration                                                                                                                |
| **Certificate of Authority (Foreign Corporation / LLC)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                            | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                            |
| **Corporate Bylaws**                                     | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                            |
| **LLC Operating Agreement**                              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                            |
| **Business License**                                     | Tax Registration, Operating Permit                                                                                                |
| **Register of Shareholders / Register of Members**       | Ownership Records                                                                                                                 |
| **Register of Directors and Officers**                   | Governance Records                                                                                                                |
| **Annual Report – Director and Officer Listing**         | Governance Records                                                                                                                |
| **Board Resolution**                                     | Signing Authority                                                                                                                 |
| **Power of Attorney**                                    | Signing Authority                                                                                                                 |
| **Utility Bill (not older than 90 days)**                | Address                                                                                                                           |
| **Bank Statement (not older than 90 days)**              | Address                                                                                                                           |
| **Lease Agreement**                                      | Address                                                                                                                           |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                         | Good Standing                                                                                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                              | CNMI Commercial Bank Charter / Banking Licence, Remittance Dealer / Agent Licence, Finance Company Licence, Broker-Dealer Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Office of the Registrar of Corporations, CNMI Department of Commerce, upon acceptance of the articles of incorporation (corporations), articles of organization (LLCs), or partnership certificate (limited partnerships) filed under Title 4 CMC. For corporations: Certificate of Incorporation issued within approximately one week of filing. For LLCs: Certificate of Organization (also called Articles of Organization). For foreign entities registering in CNMI: Certificate of Authority. All registered entities (except sole proprietorships) are in the Registrar's records; annual reports due by March 1 each year (filing fee set by regulation under PL 21-37, effective May 2021). Filing fee for new domestic entities: \$350 (confirmed pre-2021; verify current amount with Registrar).
* **Constitutive Documents:** For corporations: Articles of Incorporation filed with the Department of Commerce set out the entity name, principal office, registered agent, duration (perpetual or fixed term), purposes, and authorized share capital (4 CMC § 4103); Bylaws govern internal management. For LLCs: Articles of Organization filed with the Registrar; Operating Agreement (not required to be filed publicly) governs internal arrangements of the members (4 CMC § 4823). For non-profits: Petition for a Charter of Incorporation and Bylaws (NMIAC T20-50.2). Incorporation packages are available from the Department of Commerce Application Center.
* **Tax Registration:** The Business License issued by the CNMI Department of Finance (Secretary of Finance) under 4 CMC § 5611 and NMIAC 70-40.1 serves as both the operating licence and the primary CNMI tax identification document. Required before commencing any business activity in the CNMI. Prerequisites include: (1) corporate registration from Department of Commerce (if applicable); (2) zoning approval; (3) Certificate of Clearance from the Workers' Compensation Commission. Annual renewal required; the Department of Finance issues CNMI Tax Identification Numbers (CNMI TINs) alongside the Business License. Businesses also obtain a federal EIN from the US IRS for payroll and income tax purposes under the CNMI mirror tax system (NMTIT/Chapter 7). Business Gross Revenue Tax (BGRT) is filed quarterly on Form OS-3105 and the BGRT account number is linked to the Business License.
* **Operating Permit:** The Business License issued by the CNMI Department of Finance (Secretary of Finance) is the general territorial permission to operate. Required for all business entities (corporations, LLCs, partnerships, sole proprietorships) under 4 CMC § 5611; one license per line of business per location; typically issued within two weeks of application. Annual renewal required before expiration date; fees range from $100–$300 depending on business activity. No separate zoning permit is issued — zoning approval is a prerequisite to the Business License application rather than a standalone instrument.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific licences are issued by the Division of Banking and Financial Institutions, CNMI Department of Commerce ([cnmi.banking@commerce.gov.mp](mailto:cnmi.banking@commerce.gov.mp)). Regulated categories under the CNMI Banking Code include: commercial bank charter; offshore banking licence; finance company licence (PL 12-36); foreign currency dealer/agent licence; remittance dealer/agent licence; broker-dealer licence; investment adviser licence; agent of securities licence; pawnbroker licence. Insurance companies and intermediaries are regulated under the CNMI Insurance Code. Securities activities are regulated under the CNMI Securities Act. Cannabis and gambling activities are separately licensed by the CNMI Cannabis Commission and other bodies. FinCEN BSA/AML obligations (Bank Secrecy Act) apply to CNMI financial institutions as a US territory.
* **Governance Records:** Under Title 4 CMC, corporations must maintain at their principal office a register of current directors and officers (with names, addresses, positions, and dates of appointment). Annual reports filed with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations by March 1 of each year include a summary of shareholders, directors, and officers, and are available via the Registrar's office (annual report fee set by regulation under PL 21-37, effective May 2021). For LLCs, managers (if manager-managed) are similarly recorded. CNMI cannabis licensing regulations explicitly require both a Directors Register and an Officers Register as standard corporate documents, confirming that these are the standard CNMI corporate documentation instruments.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form under Title 4 CMC. A board resolution on company letterhead, signed by a majority of directors and certified by the corporate secretary, is the standard instrument authorizing a named signatory to act on behalf of a CNMI corporation. For LLCs, the equivalent is a Manager's Resolution or Member's Consent. A notarized Power of Attorney is used for external delegation or where company documents will be used internationally. CNMI follows US common law notarial practices; foreign-executed powers of attorney should be apostilled (CNMI is part of the US which is a Hague Apostille Convention member) or consularized.
* **Address:** No statutory form prescribed for KYB address verification. Standard practice follows US territory norms: lease agreement (no fixed time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days of submission. The primary utility provider in CNMI is the Commonwealth Utilities Corporation (CUC), which provides electric power, water, and wastewater services on Saipan, Tinian, and Rota. Telecommunications providers (e.g., IT\&E, iConnect) also produce bills that may serve as proof of address. The document must show the company's registered or principal operating address in the CNMI.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Office of the Registrar of Corporations, CNMI Department of Commerce, confirming that the entity is validly registered, has filed all required annual reports, and is in current good standing under Title 4 CMC. Required by the CNMI Department of Labor for employers and by foreign registries when a CNMI entity registers to do business elsewhere. For foreign corporations registering in CNMI, the Registrar requires a Certificate of Good Standing or Existence from the home jurisdiction, no older than the time reasonably required for transmission. Requested directly from the Office of the Registrar of Corporations; physical presence or agent required (no electronic filing available as of last verified date).

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed member of the Board of Directors of a CNMI corporation under Title 4 CMC (4 CMC § 4331 et seq.); responsible for governance and strategic oversight; minimum one director required (same person may also be the sole shareholder and officer). Named in the Register of Directors and in annual reports filed with the Office of the Registrar of Corporations. |
| Manager (LLC)                               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages a manager-managed LLC under the CNMI LLC Act (PL 14-11, 4 CMC § 4801 et seq.); has authority to bind the LLC; named in the operating agreement and annual report. For member-managed LLCs, the managing member(s) exercise control.                                                                                                                               |
| Officer (President / Secretary / Treasurer) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Executive officer of a CNMI corporation appointed by the Board of Directors; responsible for day-to-day operations; named in annual reports filed with the Registrar. Title 4 CMC allows one person to hold all officer positions simultaneously. Officers sign on behalf of the entity in ordinary commercial matters.                                                   |
| Authorized Signatory / Attorney-in-Fact     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the company for specific or general purposes; no separate statutory definition under Title 4 CMC — authority flows from corporate documents and any delegation instrument.                                                                                                   |

## Notes

* The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) is an unincorporated US territory in the western Pacific. Business entities formed in CNMI are domestic US entities for most federal law purposes (FinCEN, SEC, FDIC), but CNMI has its own Department of Commerce (corporate registration), Department of Finance (business licensing and tax), and Division of Banking (financial institution regulation) operating alongside federal US regulators.
* CNMI operates a 'mirror' income tax system (NMTIT / Chapter 7 of the Commonwealth Code) that closely mirrors the US Internal Revenue Code, with CNMI substituted for the United States. Businesses use a federal EIN (Employer Identification Number) obtained from the IRS for payroll and federal-equivalent tax purposes, and also register with the CNMI Department of Finance for the Business License (CNMI TIN), Business Gross Revenue Tax (BGRT), Wage and Salary Tax (Chapter 2), and NMTIT withholding.
* All corporate and LLC filings must be made in person at the Office of the Registrar of Corporations, Department of Commerce, Capitol Hill, Saipan. As of June 2026, a new online portal (registrar.cnmi.gov) is in development but electronic filing is not yet fully operational. Agents and law firms routinely handle in-person filings for offshore principals.
* Business Gross Revenue Tax (BGRT) is levied on CNMI-sourced gross business revenues at rates from 1.5% (revenues $5,001–$50,000) to 5% (revenues >\$750,000); manufacturers exporting overseas are exempt. BGRT is filed quarterly via Form OS-3105 and the Localgov portal. The Business License number from the Department of Finance is the BGRT account identifier.
* Foreign corporations registering to do business in CNMI must provide: (1) a certified copy of their home-jurisdiction articles of incorporation; (2) a certificate of good standing or existence from the home jurisdiction; (3) a registered agent consent; and (4) payment of the registration fee. Supporting documents in a foreign language require certified English translations.
* The Division of Banking and Financial Institutions regulates a broad range of financial services including commercial banks, offshore banks, remittance dealers/agents, foreign currency dealers/agents, finance companies, broker-dealers, investment advisers, and pawnbrokers. Money transmitters operating as remittance dealers must be licensed by the Division of Banking. FinCEN Bank Secrecy Act requirements apply to all CNMI financial institutions.
* Land ownership in CNMI is restricted to persons of Northern Mariana Islands descent under the CNMI Constitution, Article XII. This restriction does not apply to the ownership of business entities (corporations, LLCs, partnerships) — 100% foreign ownership of CNMI business entities is permissible — but affects real property that a business may wish to own or lease. Foreign businesses typically operate under long-term lease arrangements.


# Norway
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/norway

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Norway (NOR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                    |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | NO / NOR                                 |
| Registry     | Brønnøysundregistrene (Enhetsregisteret) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                               |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Norway and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                                   |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Organisasjonsnummer** | Brønnøysundregistrene (Enhetsregisteret) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Organisasjonsnummer** | Brønnøysundregistrene (Enhetsregisteret) |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit org number + "MVA" = VAT ID (e.g., 123456789MVA); Skatteattest (tax clearance certificate) issued by Skatteetaten confirms compliance.

*Registration number:* 9-digit org number + "MVA" = VAT ID (e.g., 123456789MVA); Skatteattest (tax clearance certificate) issued by Skatteetaten confirms compliance.

## Sector regulators

`Finanstilsynet` · `Norges Bank`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Aksjeselskap                       | AS           | Private limited company; min. NOK 30,000 share capital; shareholders liable only to the extent of their contribution; the dominant SME vehicle in Norway. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                    |
| Allmennaksjeselskap                | ASA          | Public limited company; min. NOK 1,000,000 share capital; shares freely transferable and may be listed on Oslo Stock Exchange; mandatory gender-balanced board (≥40% each gender) and auditor. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                            |
| Ansvarlig Selskap                  | ANS          | General partnership; two or more partners jointly and unlimitedly liable for all obligations; no minimum capital required. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                              |
| Selskap med delt ansvar            | DA           | Proportional-liability partnership; two or more partners each liable pro rata to their ownership share rather than jointly; no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                         |
| Kommandittselskap                  | KS           | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                            |
| Enkeltpersonforetak                | ENK          | Sole proprietorship; owner has unlimited personal liability; registration mandatory if annual turnover exceeds NOK 50,000 or the business employs staff. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                     |
| Samvirkeforetak                    | SA           | Cooperative society; member-owned entity whose primary purpose is to promote members' economic interests through shared activity (consumer, supplier, producer, or housing co-ops); governed by the Cooperative Act (samvirkelova) of 2007. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.      |
| Stiftelse                          | —            | Foundation; a dedicated asset pool placed by its founder at the disposal of a specified idealistic, humanitarian, cultural, social, or economic purpose; has no owners or members and is supervised by Stiftelsestilsynet. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)). |
| Norskregistrert utenlandsk foretak | NUF          | Norwegian-registered branch of a foreign company; no separate legal personality — the foreign parent bears full liability; must register in Foretaksregisteret. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                            |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                          |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Firmaattest                                               |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Stiftelsesdokument + Vedtekter            |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Skatteattest + MVA-registreringsbevis     |
| Ownership Records      | Aksjonærbok                                               |
| Governance Records     | Firmaattest                                               |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Styrevedtak · Fullmakt · Prokura            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Leiekontrakt · Strømregning · Kontoutskrift |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                           | Proves                    |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| **Firmaattest**                                    | Legal Registration        |
| **Stiftelsesdokument**                             | Constitutive Documents    |
| **Vedtekter**                                      | Constitutive Documents    |
| **Skatteattest (tax clearance)**                   | Tax Registration          |
| **MVA-registreringsbevis (VAT certificate)**       | Tax Registration          |
| **Aksjonærbok (internal share register)**          | Ownership Records         |
| **Firmaattest (styret and daglig leder sections)** | Governance Records        |
| **Styrevedtak (board resolution)**                 | Signing Authority         |
| **Fullmakt (power of attorney)**                   | Signing Authority         |
| **Prokura (commercial power of attorney)**         | Signing Authority         |
| **Leiekontrakt**                                   | Address                   |
| **Strømregning (≤90 dager)**                       | Address                   |
| **Kontoutskrift (≤90 dager)**                      | Address                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                        | Finanstilsynet tillatelse |

**Not applicable in Norway:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable from brreg.no; confirms org number, entity type, registered address, management, and status.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Both filed with Brønnøysundregistrene at incorporation; Vedtekter is the ongoing governance document; Stiftelsesdokument confirms founders and initial capital.
* **Tax Registration:** Skatteattest issued by Skatteetaten confirms no outstanding tax liabilities; MVA-bevis confirms VAT registration. Both available from skatteetaten.no.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banks, payment institutions, e-money issuers, investment firms, and insurers; license register at finanstilsynet.no.
* **Ownership Records:** Aksjonærbok is maintained by the company itself and is not publicly filed at brreg.no; request it directly from the entity during onboarding.
* **Governance Records:** Management board (styret) and general manager (daglig leder) listed publicly in Firmaattest with registered signing-authority combinations (signaturrett/prokura).
* **Signing Authority:** Firmaattest records registered signing rights; board resolution or notarized fullmakt required when authority is not self-evident. Prokura confers broad operational authority registered in Foretaksregisteret.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                       |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Daglig leder (general manager/CEO)                                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day operational authority; handles matters within ordinary business operations; registered in Firmaattest. |
| Styremedlem (board member)                                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of styret (board of directors); governance and oversight role; mandatory in AS and ASA.                    |
| Styreleder (board chair)                                               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of styret; governance role, not operational.                                                                |
| Signaturberettiget / fullmektighet (authorized signatory / POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person holding registered signaturrett or notarized fullmakt; legally binds the company.                          |
| Prokurist (procuration holder)                                         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of prokura — registered commercial authority to act on behalf of the company in all operational matters.   |

## Notes

* Single identifier: Organisasjonsnummer (9 digits) serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value. The MVA-suffixed variant is the VAT-registered form.
* Org number serves multiple roles: The 9-digit Organisasjonsnummer is both the company registry ID (Enhetsregisteret) and the tax ID root; VAT-registered entities append "MVA." There is no separate company number vs. tax number distinction as in some jurisdictions.
* NUF branches have no independent share capital: KYB for NUF requires documents from the parent foreign entity (foreign company registration, articles, shareholder register) in addition to Norwegian Firmaattest; the branch itself has no equity owners.


# Oman
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/oman

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Oman (OMN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | OM / OMN                     |
| Registry     | MoCIIP via Invest Easy       |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Oman and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                     | Issuer                 |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TRN**                                        | Oman Tax Authority     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Commercial Registration Number (CR Number)** | MoCIIP via Invest Easy |

*Tax ID:* Standard TIN is 9 numeric digits; VAT/excise TIN is 12 alphanumeric characters. Same number used for income tax and VAT.

*Registration number:* Unique numeric identifier on the CR Certificate; found on company letterhead and the Invest Easy portal extract.

## Sector regulators

`CBO` · `CMA` · `OPAZ`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                  | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Limited Liability Company                   | LLC          | Most common form; 2–50 shareholders; 100% foreign ownership permitted under FCIL (RD 50/2019) except negative-list sectors. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                |
| Single Person Company                       | SPC          | One-owner limited-liability company introduced by RD 18/2019; separate legal personality; owner's personal assets are protected. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                             |
| Closed Joint Stock Company                  | SAOC         | Shares not publicly offered; 2+ shareholders; min. capital OMR 500,000; governed by CMA corporate-governance code. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (private).                                                                                            |
| Public Joint Stock Company                  | SAOG         | Listed or public-offering company; 3+ shareholders; min. capital OMR 2,000,000; subject to full CMA oversight and capital-market rules. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (public).                                                                        |
| Holding Company                             | —            | Company whose principal purpose is holding shares in subsidiaries; registrable as a distinct form under RD 18/2019; 100% foreign ownership allowed. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (holding company).                                                   |
| General Partnership                         | —            | Two or more partners who jointly manage the business and bear unlimited personal liability for all obligations; no minimum capital required. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                               |
| Limited Partnership                         | —            | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and management authority, plus at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                         |
| Sole Proprietorship                         | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade name; unlimited personal liability; generally restricted to Omani/GCC nationals for most activities. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                              |
| Free Zone Establishment / Free Zone Company | FZE / FZC    | Single-owner (FZE) or multi-owner (FZC) limited-liability entities within OPAZ free zones (Salalah, Sohar, Duqm, Al Mazunah) under RD 38/2025; shares are not publicly tradable. Equivalent to a US LLC (FZE) or multi-member LLC (FZC).           |
| Joint Participation Company                 | —            | Contractual joint venture with no separate legal personality; each partner contracts in its own name and bears unlimited liability for obligations it assumes. Equivalent to a US contractual Joint Venture or General Partnership (unregistered). |
| Branch of Foreign Company                   | —            | Extension of a foreign parent with no separate legal personality; parent bears full liability; must appoint a locally authorized manager and register with MoCIIP. Equivalent to a US foreign corporation branch.                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Commercial Registration Certificate                               |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                              |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Certificate                                      |
| Operating Permit       | Municipality (Baladiya) License                                   |
| Ownership Records      | CR Shareholders Extract                                           |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* CR Extract — Managers · Register of Directors       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarized Power of Attorney      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Tenancy Contract · MEW / Diam Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                 | Proves                                        |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
| **Commercial Registration Certificate (CR Certificate)** | Legal Registration                            |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (MOA/AOA)**       | Constitutive Documents                        |
| **Tax Registration Certificate**                         | Tax Registration                              |
| **Municipality (Baladiya) License**                      | Operating Permit                              |
| **CR Shareholders Extract**                              | Ownership Records                             |
| **CR Extract — Managers**                                | Governance Records                            |
| **Register of Directors**                                | Governance Records                            |
| **Board Resolution**                                     | Signing Authority                             |
| **Notarized Power of Attorney**                          | Signing Authority                             |
| **Tenancy Contract**                                     | Address                                       |
| **MEW / Diam Bill (خلال 90 يومًا)**                      | Address                                       |
| **Bank Statement (خلال 90 يومًا)**                       | Address                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                              | CBO Sector License, CMA License, OPAZ License |

**Not applicable in Oman:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by MoCIIP via Invest Easy; valid 5 years; CR Number is the businessEntityId.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Constitutive contract; must be in Arabic or with certified Arabic translation; filed with and stamped by MoCIIP.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Oman Tax Authority (tms.taxoman.gov.om); covers income tax TIN (9-digit) and VAT TIN (12-char) — may appear on same certificate or separate VAT certificate.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Muscat Municipality or relevant regional municipality; required alongside CR; renewed annually.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBO for banks/finance; CMA for securities firms, insurance, investment funds; OPAZ for free-zone entities.
* **Governance Records:** MoCIIP CR extract lists all managers (LLC) or board members (SAOC/SAOG); also available via Invest Easy portal.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorizing a signatory; or notarized power of attorney.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                   |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Executive Manager (Mudeer — مدير)                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day manager of an LLC; appointed in MOA or separately; need not be a shareholder.                                                      |
| Board Member (Udw Majlis al-Idara — عضو مجلس الإدارة)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board of directors of a SAOC or SAOG.                                                                                           |
| Managing Director (Al-Mudeer al-Tanfidhi — المدير التنفيذي) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director of a SAOC/SAOG with operational authority.                                                                                 |
| Authorized Signatory                                        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized to bind the company per MD 245/2025 Art. 13; must be shareholder/partner, manager, or financial or administrative employee. |
| Branch Manager (Mudeer al-Far' — مدير الفرع)                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorized representative of a foreign branch; legally binds the parent company in Oman.                                                      |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                      | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                          |
| -------------------------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Omanisation quota status` | founder    | FCIL (RD 50/2019) and labor law require disclosure of Omanisation percentage by sector for licensed operations. |

## Notes

* Apostille is valid: Oman acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention as the 101st Contracting State (accession 2011-05-12, EIF 2012-01-30); foreign documents can be apostilled rather than requiring embassy legalisation.
* New Banking Law RD 2/2025: replaced RD 114/2000 effective 2025-01-01; any CBO regulatory license issued under the old law may require re-validation; check issue date against 2025-01-01 commencement.
* Free-zone entities governed by OPAZ, not MoCIIP: companies in Salalah, Sohar, Duqm, or Al Mazunah are registered under RD 38/2025 (eff. 2025-04-13) and hold an OPAZ license, not a standard MoCIIP CR — collect OPAZ registration certificate as Legal Registration artifact.


# Pakistan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/pakistan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Pakistan (PAK) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                              |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)       |
| ISO 3166-1   | PK / PAK                           |
| Registry     | SECP Companies Registration Office |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Pakistan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                           | Issuer                                         |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **National Tax Number (NTN)**                        | Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) via IRIS portal |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Corporate Universal Identification Number (CUIN)** | SECP Companies Registration Office             |

*Tax ID:* 7-digit numeric for companies/AOPs; also serves as income-tax reference. STRN (Sales Tax Registration Number) issued separately for GST; biometric NADRA verification required to complete STRN.

*Registration number:* Unique numeric identifier assigned at incorporation; appears on Certificate of Incorporation and all SECP filings.

## Sector regulators

`SBP` · `SECP` · `PTA` · `PRA` · `SRB` · `KPRA` · `BRA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Single-Member Company               | SMC          | Private company with one member; separate legal personality; shares not freely transferable; incorporated under the Companies Act 2017. Closest US equivalent: Single-Member LLC (SMLLC).                                                                                                               |
| Private Limited Company             | (Pvt) Ltd    | Closely-held company limited by shares; 1–50 members; shares not freely transferable to the public; the default SME incorporation vehicle registered with SECP under the Companies Act 2017. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                                                |
| Public Limited Company              | Ltd          | Share-capital company with minimum 3 members; may list on the Pakistan Stock Exchange or remain unlisted; shares freely transferable and public issuance permitted under the Companies Act 2017. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                         |
| Not-for-Profit Company (Section 42) | —            | Company licensed by SECP under section 42 of the Companies Act 2017; limited by guarantee without share capital; profits applied to the company's objects (charity, education, science, sports, etc.). Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                        |
| Limited Liability Partnership       | LLP          | Body corporate with separate legal personality registered with SECP under the Limited Liability Partnership Act 2017; all partners have limited liability capped at their agreed contribution; minimum two partners. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                                                        |
| General Partnership                 | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together under the Partnership Act 1932; registered with the provincial Registrar of Firms; all partners bear unlimited joint liability; taxed as an Association of Persons (AOP). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                            |
| Sole Proprietorship                 | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name or a trade name; registered with FBR for an NTN only; no separate legal personality and unlimited personal liability. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                    |
| Foreign Company Branch              | —            | Extension of a foreign incorporated company registered with SECP under sections 435–458 of the Companies Act 2017 and the Foreign Companies Regulations 2018; not a separate legal entity — the parent company remains liable. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office of a foreign entity. |
| Cooperative Society                 | —            | Member-owned entity registered under the provincial Cooperative Societies Act 1925; common in agriculture, housing, and consumer credit; governed by provincial cooperative registrars. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                             |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association |
| Tax Registration       | NTN Certificate                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Trade License                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | Form-A                                                              |
| Governance Records     | Form 9                                                              |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement       |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                  | Proves                                                                                              |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (SECP)**                   | Legal Registration                                                                                  |
| **Memorandum of Association (MoA)**                       | Constitutive Documents                                                                              |
| **Articles of Association (AoA)**                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                              |
| **NTN Certificate (FBR IRIS)**                            | Tax Registration                                                                                    |
| **Trade License (local municipal authority)**             | Operating Permit                                                                                    |
| **Form-A (SECP annual return, s.130 Companies Act 2017)** | Ownership Records                                                                                   |
| **Form 9 (SECP)**                                         | Governance Records                                                                                  |
| **Board Resolution**                                      | Signing Authority                                                                                   |
| **Lease Agreement**                                       | Address                                                                                             |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                           | Address                                                                                             |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                         | Address                                                                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                               | SBP license (banking/payments/EMI), SECP license (NBFC, insurance, modaraba), PTA license (telecom) |

**Not applicable in Pakistan:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued digitally via LEAP eZfile; carries CUIN; sufficient proof of legal existence.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Paired constitutive documents; filed at incorporation; amendments require SECP filing.
* **Tax Registration:** Collect STRN certificate additionally if entity is GST-registered; for service providers, provincial STRN (PRA/SRB/KPRA/BRA) may also apply.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Metropolitan Corporation, District Council, or DMA (ICT); annual renewal; requirements vary by city.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect the license relevant to the entity's regulated sector.
* **Ownership Records:** Form-A is the SECP annual return listing all shareholders and their capital contributions. Filed via SECP eZfile portal.
* **Governance Records:** Form 9 replaced Form 29 in early 2024; filed within 15 days of any director or officer appointment or change; lists directors, CEO, CFO, secretary, and legal adviser.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution sufficient for corporate signatories; notarized/apostilled POA for external representatives.
* **Address:** Accepted: lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement (utility/bank dated within 90 days). Same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                     |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to the board; day-to-day authority in private companies.              |
| Chief Executive (CEO)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Statutory officer under Companies Act 2017; operational head.                   |
| Chairman / Non-Executive Director | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance role without executive authority; common in public listed companies. |
| Chief Financial Officer (CFO)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Statutory officer; day-to-day financial authority.                              |
| Legal Representative / Attorney   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized POA authorized to bind the company.                         |
| LLP Designated Partner            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Partner designated to act on behalf of LLP; analogous to director/secretary.    |

## Notes

* Form 9 replaced Form 29 (eff. 2024-02-12): Under Companies Regulations 2024 (S.R.O. 201(I)/2024), Form 9 is the current form for directors and officers particulars, consolidating former Forms 28 and 29. Collect Form 9, not Form 29, for any compliance filed after 12 February 2024.
* STRN complexity — four provincial authorities: Sales tax on services is administered by PRA (Punjab), SRB (Sindh), KPRA (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), and BRA (Balochistan) — each issues its own STRN. A national services business may hold multiple STRNs. Collect the STRN(s) applicable to the entity's operating province(s).
* Apostille in force since 2023-03-09: Pakistan acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention (effective 2023-03-09); implementing legislation enacted (Apostille Act 2024, 2024-09-14). MOFA is the competent authority. Documents for use in Pakistan from member states may carry apostille instead of full embassy legalization chain.
* Sole Proprietorships and Partnerships are not SECP entities: These register only with FBR (NTN) and provincial Registrar of Firms respectively; they have no CUIN and no SECP extract. For KYB, collect NTN certificate + partnership deed / proprietorship declaration instead of an incorporation certificate.


# Palau
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/palau

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Palau (PLW) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                               |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | PW / PLW                                                                                            |
| Registry     | [Republic of Palau Financial Institutions Commission Registry Services](https://palauregistries.pw) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Palau and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                                       |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Bureau of Revenue and Taxation (BRT), Ministry of Finance                    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Corporation Registration Number** | Financial Institutions Commission (FIC), acting as Registrar of Corporations |

*Tax ID:* Issued via Form Tax-001 (Unified Taxpayer Registration and TIN Application Form); required before commencing any commercial activity in Palau. Also doubles as the Business Licence registration reference. Businesses must also register for PGST (Palau Goods and Services Tax) if annual taxable supplies exceed USD 300,000. Codified under Title 40 of the Palau National Code (PNC). There is no fixed published numeric format.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation under the Palau Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11, as amended by RPPL 11-40); appears on Certificate of Incorporation and all subsequent registry filings. Under the new online registry (launched January 20, 2025), every corporation — both active and legacy re-registered entities — receives a unique registration number. There is no fixed published format.

## Sector regulators

`Financial Institutions Commission (FIC)` · `Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)` · `Bureau of Revenue and Taxation (BRT)` · `Foreign Investment Board (FIB)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| For-Profit Corporation                 | —            | Incorporated under the Palau Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11, eff. January 20, 2025); modeled on the US Model Business Corporation Act. Default domestic share-capital company; minimum one shareholder and one director (at least one director must be a Palau resident). No minimum capital requirement. Liability limited to paid-in capital. Used by both domestic businesses and foreign investors for Palau-based operations. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                          |
| Nonprofit Corporation — Public Benefit | —            | Incorporated under the Palau Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11); organized for charitable, health, social-service, educational, or artistic purposes benefiting the general public. Surplus assets on dissolution must be distributed to another public-benefit nonprofit. Equivalent to a US Public-Benefit Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Nonprofit Corporation — Mutual Benefit | —            | Incorporated under the Palau Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11); organized to serve a defined membership class (e.g., chambers of commerce, homeowners' associations, trade associations). Benefits flow to members rather than the general public. Closest US equivalent: Mutual Benefit Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Nonprofit Corporation — Religious      | —            | Incorporated under the Palau Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11); formed primarily for religious or spiritual purposes. Includes the corporation sole (ecclesiastical corporation). Closest US equivalent: Religious Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Foreign Corporation                    | —            | An overseas corporation that registers with the FIC Registrar of Corporations to conduct business within Palau under the Palau Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11). Not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent; parent remains fully liable. Requires a Foreign Investment Approval Certificate (FIAC) from the Foreign Investment Board (FIB) if majority or partly non-citizen-owned. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation registered to do business.                                     |
| General Partnership                    | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business in common; registered with the FIC under Regulations for Other Business Associations (CR-02, eff. April 26, 2025) and Title 12 of the Palau National Code. All partners bear unlimited joint and several liability. Must file identity information with the Registrar of Partnerships. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                         |
| Limited Partnership                    | LP           | Formed under Title 12, Chapter 20, Sections 2021–2048 of the Palau National Code; registered with the FIC. At least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Amendments to the Certificate of Limited Partnership required when certain circumstances change (s. 2044). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                               |
| Cooperative                            | —            | Member-owned entity organised to benefit its members; registered with the FIC under the FIC Registry Services framework. Excluded from the Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11) and regulated separately. Used in agriculture, fisheries, and community economic development. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Credit Union                           | —            | Member-owned financial cooperative; regulated and licensed by the Financial Institutions Commission (FIC) under the Financial Institutions Act (26 PNCA Chapter 10). Excluded from the Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11) and treated as a distinct regulated entity class. Closest US equivalent: Credit Union.                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Sole Proprietorship                    | —            | A single natural person conducting business in Palau, either in their own name or under a registered trade name. Not a separate legal entity; the owner bears unlimited personal liability. No formal corporate registration required — registration is achieved by filing Form Tax-001 with the Bureau of Revenue and Taxation to obtain a TIN and Business Licence. Non-citizen sole proprietors require a Foreign Investment Approval Certificate (FIAC). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Branch of Foreign Company              | —            | A foreign entity registered to carry on business in Palau under the Palau Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11) as a registered foreign corporation. The foreign parent remains fully liable for all branch obligations; no separate legal personality. Non-citizen owners must hold a FIAC from the Foreign Investment Board. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch/representative office.                                                                                                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                           |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | *Required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Registration as Foreign Corporation *(optional: Certificate of Re-Registration)* |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation                                                                                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | *Required:* TIN Certificate + Business Licence *(optional: PGST Registration Certificate)*                                                 |
| Operating Permit       | Foreign Investment Approval Certificate                                                                                                    |
| Ownership Records      | Registry Shareholders Extract                                                                                                              |
| Governance Records     | Registry Directors Extract                                                                                                                 |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                                              |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                         | Proves                                                                   |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                 | Legal Registration                                                       |
| **Certificate of Re-Registration (legacy entities)**             | Legal Registration                                                       |
| **Certificate of Registration as Foreign Corporation**           | Legal Registration                                                       |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                   |
| **TIN Certificate (Bureau of Revenue and Taxation)**             | Tax Registration                                                         |
| **Business Licence (Bureau of Revenue and Taxation)**            | Tax Registration                                                         |
| **PGST Registration Certificate (Palau Goods and Services Tax)** | Tax Registration                                                         |
| **Foreign Investment Approval Certificate (FIAC)**               | Operating Permit                                                         |
| **Online Registry Extract — Shareholders (FIC)**                 | Ownership Records                                                        |
| **Online Registry Extract — Directors (FIC)**                    | Governance Records                                                       |
| **Board Resolution**                                             | Signing Authority                                                        |
| **Power of Attorney**                                            | Signing Authority                                                        |
| **Lease Agreement**                                              | Address                                                                  |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                  | Address                                                                  |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                | Address                                                                  |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                                 | Good Standing                                                            |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                      | FIC Financial Institution Licence (banks, money services, credit unions) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Financial Institutions Commission (FIC) acting as Registrar of Corporations under RPPL 10-11 (eff. January 20, 2025). Prior to January 20, 2025 the registry was maintained by the Office of the Attorney General. All entities registered under the old system must re-register with the FIC within one year of January 20, 2025, receiving a Certificate of Re-Registration. The certificate is issued electronically via email within 1–2 business days. Includes corporation name, registration number, date of incorporation, and entity type. For foreign corporations: Certificate of Registration as Foreign Corporation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed electronically with the FIC Registrar of Corporations at formation under RPPL 10-11. The online registry form captures name, business purpose, registered agent, director names/addresses, shareholder names, and share quantities. No notarized or wet-ink signature required under the new Act — online submission only. May include optional provisions limiting activities, restricting director eligibility, or mandating dividend payment terms. For nonprofits: Articles of Incorporation for Nonprofit under s. 203 of the Corporations Act.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by the Bureau of Revenue and Taxation (BRT), Ministry of Finance, upon registration via Form Tax-001. The TIN Certificate evidences taxpayer registration under Title 40 of the Palau National Code (PNC). The Business Licence (issued concurrently by BRT) is the annual operating permission and is renewed quarterly (USD 25/quarter for small taxpayers). PGST registration is additionally required when annual taxable supplies exceed USD 300,000; a PGST Registration Certificate is issued separately. Registration takes approximately 14 days.
* **Operating Permit:** The Business Licence issued by BRT (see tax\_certificate slot, pw\_business\_licence, also\_satisfies operating\_license) constitutes the general operating permission for all businesses in Palau. Renewed annually (paid quarterly). Foreign-owned businesses additionally require a Foreign Investment Approval Certificate (FIAC) from the Foreign Investment Board (FIB) before commencing operations. Note: in practice the TIN Certificate and Business Licence are issued together via the same Form Tax-001 process.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Financial Institutions Commission (FIC) licences banks, money-services businesses, and other regulated financial entities under the Financial Institutions Act (26 PNCA Chapter 10). The FIU (Financial Intelligence Unit) oversees AML/CFT compliance for banks (FIU AML/CFT-01) and DNFBPs (FIU AML/CFT-02). VASPs and MVTS are subject to proposed regulations FIU AML/CFT-03 (open for comment March–April 2026). Collect the relevant sector licence for any Palau-licensed financial entity.
* **Ownership Records:** Under the new Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11), shareholder names and share quantities are filed at incorporation and updated annually via the online registry at palauregistries.pw. This information is publicly searchable in real time. Shareholder data is collected by the FIC Registrar of Corporations at formation and on each annual filing. A separate internal company register of members is also maintained. No bearer shares are issued under RPPL 10-11. For partnership entities: a partnership registration statement lists partners.
* **Governance Records:** Under RPPL 10-11, director names, addresses, and nationalities are filed at incorporation and are publicly accessible via the FIC online registry at palauregistries.pw. At least one director must be a resident of Palau. Directors upload a government-issued photo ID at registration to support AML compliance. Director information is updated whenever changes occur; failure to update triggers administrative dissolution. Minimum one director is permitted under the new Act.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. Board resolutions authorizing signatories are standard; should be signed by all directors (or by majority per the articles). Powers of attorney should be notarized for use in cross-border transactions. Palau is a contracting party to the Hague Apostille Convention (accession 17 October 2019, in force 23 June 2020); apostilles are issued by the Supreme Court of Palau and the Ministry of Justice.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. Palau utilities are primarily operated by PPUC (Palau Public Utilities Corporation) for electricity and water.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the FIC Registrar of Corporations via the online registry at palauregistries.pw. Available online without requiring a physical visit to the registrar office. Confirms that the corporation is active, has filed all required annual returns, and is not administratively dissolved. Introduced as an online-accessible document with the January 20, 2025 registry launch. Request a certificate dated within 30–60 days for banking purposes.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer managing the corporation under RPPL 10-11; at least one director must be a resident of Palau. Minimum of one director permitted. Name, address, and nationality filed publicly with the FIC Registrar. Must upload government-issued photo ID at registration. |
| Officer (President / Secretary)   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Corporate officers appointed by the Board; minimum required are a President and a Secretary under the standard Corporations Act framework. Authority to act on behalf of the corporation in day-to-day matters.                                                                  |
| Authorized Signatory (POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorized via board resolution or notarized power of attorney to sign on behalf of the corporation. No statutory form prescribed.                                                                                                                                |

## Notes

* The FIC replaced the Office of the Attorney General as Registrar of Corporations effective January 20, 2025 (Executive Order No. 477). All legacy entities must re-register within one year (deadline \~January 20, 2026). Legacy certificates of incorporation issued by the OAG remain valid until re-registration; collect both the legacy certificate and the new Certificate of Re-Registration where available.
* Palau is a contracting party to the Hague Apostille Convention (accession 17 October 2019, in force 23 June 2020). Apostilles are issued by the Supreme Court of Palau and the Ministry of Justice. Documents for international use may be apostilled rather than requiring full consular legalization.
* Foreign investment restrictions: certain business sectors are restricted to Palauan-citizen ownership only (restricted list); semi-restricted sectors permit non-citizen minority participation. All non-citizen investors must hold a FIAC from the Foreign Investment Board. Collect FIAC for any entity with non-citizen shareholders.
* No bearer shares are issued under the new Corporations Act (RPPL 10-11). Bearer share risk is eliminated for post-2025 registrations; legacy entities should be reviewed for pre-2025 bearer share issuance.
* Tax reform effective January 1, 2023 introduced PGST (10%), Business Profits Tax (BPT, 12% on net income), and replaced the Gross Revenue Tax for PGST-registered entities. Financial services are exempt supplies under PGST. Verify current tax registration status via BRT where relevant to AML/KYB assessments.


# Palestine
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/palestine

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Palestine (PSE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                         |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)                                                                  |
| ISO 3166-1   | PS / PSE                                                                                      |
| Registry     | [Companies Registration Department, Ministry of National Economy](https://palbusiness.gov.ps) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                    |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Palestine and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                | Issuer                                                          |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN) / رقم التعريف الضريبي** | Ministry of Finance — Income Tax and VAT Department             |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number / رقم تسجيل الشركة**        | Companies Registration Department, Ministry of National Economy |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit numeric TIN issued by the Palestinian Ministry of Finance upon taxpayer registration under Income Tax Law No. 17 of 2004 (as amended by Amendment No. 8 of 2011). The same file number is used for both income tax and VAT registration. Appears on the Tax Registration Certificate (شهادة التسجيل الضريبي). VAT is governed by Decree Law No. 26 of 2024 at a base rate of 16%; registration is mandatory for taxable persons. Org-id scheme: PS-TIN.

*Registration number:* Numeric identifier assigned at incorporation or commercial registration under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021 (eff. April 2022, superseding Companies Law No. 12 of 1964). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation / Certificate of Registration issued by the Companies Registrar. Searchable via the PalBusiness e-registration portal (palbusiness.gov.ps).

## Sector regulators

`PMA (Palestine Monetary Authority) — banks, money changers, payment institutions, specialized lending` · `PCMA (Palestine Capital Market Authority) — securities, insurance, financial leasing, financial mortgage` · `FFU (Financial Follow-Up Unit) — financial intelligence / AML reporting` · `MNE (Ministry of National Economy) — company registry, commercial licensing`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                | Abbreviation        | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ----------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Limited Liability Company                 | LLC / ش.ذ.م.م       | Formed under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021; members' liability limited to their capital contribution; no minimum capital requirement; may have one or more members (single-member OPC variant permitted). The dominant SME vehicle in Palestine. Managed by one or more managers designated in the memorandum of association. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                        |
| One Person Company                        | OPC / شركة شخص واحد | Introduced by Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021; a limited liability company owned entirely by a single natural person or legal entity; member's liability capped at their capital contribution; no minimum capital requirement. Designed for entrepreneurs and small/home-based businesses. Closest US equivalent: Single-member LLC.                                                                                                           |
| Private Shareholding Company              | Pvt SC / ش.م.خ      | Share-capital company under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021; shares not publicly traded; shareholder liability limited to invested shares; single-shareholder ownership permitted; capital must be sufficient to meet the company's objectives per bylaws. Governed by a board of directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (private).                                                                                                          |
| Public Shareholding Company               | PSC / ش.م.ع         | Publicly listed share-capital company under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021; minimum two shareholders; shares may be listed on the Palestine Exchange (PEX); subject to Palestine Capital Market Authority (PCMA) oversight; minimum authorized capital of USD 25,000 or 20% paid-in. Closest US equivalent: Public C-Corp.                                                                                                                    |
| General Partnership                       | GP / ش.ت.ع          | Two or more natural persons (not legal entities) carrying on business jointly with unlimited joint and several personal liability for all partnership debts; registered with the Companies Registration Department under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                     |
| Limited Partnership                       | LP / ش.ت.م          | One or more general partners with unlimited joint liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; limited partners may not manage the firm; registered under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                             |
| Sole Proprietorship / Individual Merchant | —                   | An individual conducting commercial trade under their own name or a registered trade name; registered with the Ministry of National Economy commercial register as an individual merchant (تاجر فرد); the proprietor bears unlimited personal liability. Separate from the Companies Law — governed by the Commercial Law and requires a Professional Trade Permit. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                           |
| Foreign Branch                            | —                   | A branch of a foreign-incorporated company registered to conduct full commercial activities in Palestine under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021, Article 245; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent bears full liability for branch obligations; Arabic-translated constitutive documents and audited financials required; must obtain registration from the Companies Registrar. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Foreign Corporation. |
| Representative Office                     | M.T. / مكتب تمثيل   | A non-commercial presence of a foreign company registered under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021, Article 252; limited to marketing activities; cannot enter revenue-generating contracts, form local companies, or act as commercial agent; must include '(representative office)' or '(M.T.)' in its name and display registration number and address on all documents. Closest US equivalent: Rep Office.                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Merchant Registration Certificate |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                           |
| Tax Registration       | Tax Registration Certificate                                                   |
| Operating Permit       | Professional Trade Permit                                                      |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Shareholders Register · MNE Company Extract                      |
| Governance Records     | MNE Company Extract — Management                                               |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                   | Proves                                                                         |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation / شهادة التأسيس**                           | Legal Registration                                                             |
| **Merchant Registration Certificate / شهادة تسجيل تاجر**                   | Legal Registration                                                             |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association / عقد التأسيس والنظام الأساسي**     | Constitutive Documents                                                         |
| **Tax Registration Certificate / شهادة التسجيل الضريبي**                   | Tax Registration                                                               |
| **Professional Trade Permit / إذن ممارسة التجارة المهنية**                 | Operating Permit                                                               |
| **Shareholders Register / سجل المساهمين**                                  | Ownership Records                                                              |
| **Ministry of National Economy Company Extract / مستخرج من السجل التجاري** | Ownership Records                                                              |
| **MNE Extract showing Managers / Directors / مستخرج المدراء**              | Governance Records                                                             |
| **Board Resolution / قرار مجلس الإدارة**                                   | Signing Authority                                                              |
| **Power of Attorney / وكالة قانونية**                                      | Signing Authority                                                              |
| **Lease Agreement / عقد إيجار**                                            | Address                                                                        |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days) / فاتورة خدمات**                                 | Address                                                                        |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days) / كشف حساب بنكي**                              | Address                                                                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                | PMA Banking / Payment Institution License, PCMA Securities / Insurance License |

**Not applicable in Palestine:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Companies Registration Department, Ministry of National Economy, under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021 (eff. April 2022). Reflects the company name, type, registration number, date of registration, registered capital, and registered address. Available via the PalBusiness e-registration portal. Processing time approximately two weeks with complete documentation. Individual merchants receive a Merchant Registration Certificate (شهادة تسجيل تاجر) from the MNE commercial register.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Constitutive document submitted to and certified by the Companies Registration Department at incorporation. For LLCs and OPCs: contains name, objects, capital, member details, and governance rules. For shareholding companies: separate Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association (by-laws). Must be prepared in Arabic; standard form templates available through the PalBusiness portal. Foreign companies must submit Arabic-translated and notarised constitutive documents.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by the Palestinian Ministry of Finance upon registration under Income Tax Law No. 17 of 2004 (as amended by Amendment No. 8 of 2011). The same registration covers both income tax and VAT. VAT is now governed by Decree Law No. 26 of 2024 at a base rate of 16%; registration is mandatory for all taxable persons conducting business or investment activity. Tax registration may be processed through the MNE commercial register in a unified one-stop procedure. TIN is a 9-digit numeric identifier (PS-TIN scheme).
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the Ministry of National Economy (and/or relevant municipality) to authorize commercial activity. The Professional Trade Permit (رخصة مزاولة المهنة / إذن ممارسة التجارة المهنية) is required for individual merchants and certain regulated trades. Companies generally obtain their operating authorization through the certificate of incorporation plus tax registration; however, certain commercial activities and regulated sectors additionally require municipal or sector-specific permits. Chamber of Commerce or Chamber of Industry membership is typically required for conducting commercial trade.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Palestine Monetary Authority (PMA, established under PMA Law No. 2 of 1997; Banking Law No. 9 of 2010) licenses banks, specialized lending institutions, money changers, and payment service providers. Palestine Capital Market Authority (PCMA, established under Capital Market Authority Law No. 13 of 2004) licenses securities brokers, investment advisors, insurance companies (under Insurance Law No. 20 of 2005), financial leasing, and financial mortgage companies. The Palestine Exchange (PEX) is the supervised stock exchange. Financial Follow-Up Unit (FFU) is the financial intelligence unit under AML/CFT Decree Law No. 39 of 2022.
* **Governance Records:** LLCs designate one or more managers in the memorandum of association; the MNE registration extract reflects current manager details. Private and public shareholding companies have a board of directors (مجلس الإدارة) whose members are listed in the MNE records. Changes in management must be notified to the Companies Registrar. The MNE company extract is the primary document evidencing current directors/managers.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorizing a named signatory to act on behalf of the company, or a notarized power of attorney (وكالة). For LLCs, a manager resolution suffices. No statutory form prescribed; company letterhead resolution is standard practice. Palestine is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention — documents executed abroad for use in Palestine require full consular legalization (foreign notary → foreign MFA → Palestinian representative mission); similarly, Palestinian documents for use abroad require Palestinian MFA authentication followed by the receiving country's consular legalization.
* **Address:** Lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Lease agreement is also required as part of the MNE commercial registration process (proof of premises). Accepted for both registered-address and operating-address verification.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                         |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Manager / مدير (LLC/OPC)                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day executive authority in an LLC or OPC; designated in the memorandum of association; binds the company toward third parties under Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021.  |
| Board Member / عضو مجلس الإدارة (Private/Public SC) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board of directors of a private or public shareholding company; elected by the general assembly; exercises collective management authority.                           |
| Authorized Signatory / مفوض بالتوقيع                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person holding a board/manager resolution or notarized power of attorney to legally bind the company in transactions; the authorized representative in dealings with third parties. |

## Notes

* Palestine is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. Documents from Palestine executed for use abroad require Palestinian Ministry of Foreign Affairs authentication followed by the receiving country's consular legalization. Documents executed abroad for use in Palestine require the full foreign-notary → foreign-MFA → Palestinian diplomatic mission legalization chain. This materially increases onboarding friction for cross-border entities.
* The Companies Law by Decree No. 42 of 2021 came into force in April 2022, replacing the Companies Law No. 12 of 1964. It introduced significant modernizations including the One Person Company (OPC), simplified deregistration, and updated foreign-company rules. References to the 1964 law in older documents are superseded.
* The Palestinian financial system operates without a central bank; the Palestine Monetary Authority (PMA) acts as the quasi-central banking authority under PMA Law No. 2 of 1997 and Banking Law No. 9 of 2010. The Palestinian economy primarily uses Israeli New Shekel (ILS), Jordanian Dinar (JOD), and US Dollar (USD) — there is no Palestinian currency.
* AML/CFT framework was substantially updated by Decree Law No. 39 of 2022, replacing Decree Law No. 20 of 2015. The Financial Follow-Up Unit (FFU / وحدة المتابعة المالية) is the financial intelligence unit, housed at the PMA. The National Committee for Combating Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing was established under Article 29 of Law No. 39/2022.
* The Palestinian Authority controls the West Bank; the Gaza Strip is under separate governance by Hamas and has been subject to severe restrictions since 2007, with full blockade conditions since October 2023. Most Palestinian Authority institutions, including MNE, PMA, and PCMA, operate from Ramallah in the West Bank. Entities registered in or operating from Gaza face additional compliance considerations.
* The Palestine Exchange (PEX) is based in Nablus and regulated by the PCMA. Shares trade in Jordanian Dinars (JOD) and US Dollars (USD). As of 2026, PEX is classified as a Frontier Market by FTSE Russell.
* Foreign companies seeking to operate in Palestine must register a branch (Article 245) or representative office (Article 252) with the Companies Registrar, submitting Arabic-translated and notarised constitutive documents and the most recent audited financial statements from the parent's home jurisdiction.
* Company registration can be initiated online via the PalBusiness e-registration portal (palbusiness.gov.ps), developed with UNCTAD/UNITAR technical assistance and World Bank financing. Tax registration may be completed through a unified one-stop process at the MNE.


# Panama
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/panama

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Panama (PAN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                      |
| ------------ | -------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America              |
| ISO 3166-1   | PA / PAN                   |
| Registry     | Registro Público de Panamá |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Panama and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name        | Issuer                              |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RUC**           | DGI (Dirección General de Ingresos) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Folio / Ficha** | Registro Público de Panamá          |

*Tax ID:* Registro Único de Contribuyentes for tax purposes.

*Registration number:* Folio or ficha number assigned at the Public Registry.

## Sector regulators

`SBP` · `SMV` · `SSRP`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                               | S.A.         | Share-capital company with limited shareholder liability; no minimum capital, no nationality restrictions, requires 3+ directors. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                               |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones             | S.C.A.       | Limited partnership with shares; one or more general partners bear unlimited liability while limited partners are liable only to their subscribed shares. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada           | S.R.L.       | Quota-based closely-held company; members' liability limited to their quota contribution, interests not freely transferable. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                       |
| Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo                   | S.N.C.       | General partnership with all partners trading under a collective name and bearing joint and unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                          |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple                   | S. en C.     | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners liable only to their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.      |
| Persona Natural Comerciante                    | —            | Individual merchant registered with the Registro Público and RUC; trades in own name with unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                            |
| Empresa Individual de Responsabilidad Limitada | E.I.R.L.     | Single-owner entity conferring limited liability on the sole proprietor; personal assets shielded from business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                             |
| Sociedad Civil                                 | —            | Civil-law partnership used primarily by professionals; governed by civil law with partners bearing unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                            |
| Fundación de Interés Privado                   | F.I.P.       | Asset-holding foundation under Law 25 of 1995; separate legal personality with no shareholders, used for estate planning and wealth management. Equivalent to a US Statutory Trust or Private Foundation.  |
| Cooperativa                                    | —            | Member-owned cooperative society organized under Law 17 of 1997; profits distributed as patronage refunds rather than dividends. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                           |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera                | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered to conduct business in Panama; no separate legal personality from parent entity. Equivalent to a US Foreign Branch or Representative Office.                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Cert. del Registro Público                                                                |
| Constitutive Documents | Pacto Social                                                                              |
| Tax Registration       | Certificado RUC                                                                           |
| Operating Permit       | Aviso de Operación                                                                        |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Pacto Social + Registro de Acciones                                       |
| Governance Records     | Cert. del Registro Público                                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Cert. del Registro Público + Acta de Junta Directiva                      |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |
| Good Standing          | Certificado de Vigencia                                                                   |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                 | Proves                                                    |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Cert. del Registro Público (Folio/Ficha)**             | Legal Registration, Governance Records, Signing Authority |
| **Pacto Social**                                         | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records                 |
| **Certificado RUC (DGI)**                                | Tax Registration                                          |
| **Aviso de Operación (MICI / Panama Emprende)**          | Operating Permit                                          |
| **Registro de Acciones**                                 | Ownership Records                                         |
| **Acta de Junta Directiva**                              | Signing Authority                                         |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                            | Address                                                   |
| **Recibo de Servicios (≤90 días)**                       | Address                                                   |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**                 | Address                                                   |
| **Certificado de Vigencia (Registro Público de Panamá)** | Good Standing                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                              | SBP, SMV, SSRP                                            |

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease has no time bound; utility bill and bank statement must be dated within 90 days. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Sección de Certificaciones of the Registro Público de Panamá; confirms the company is Vigente (active), has paid its Tasa Única annual franchise tax and certifies the current Board of Directors. Available digitally with QR verification via the Registro Público e-services platform. Validity 30 calendar days from issue for banking and commercial use; request a certificate dated within 30 days of submission.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                          |
| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member. Minimum 3. No residency requirement.                                   |
| Presidente          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair.                                                                         |
| Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.                                                                |
| Agente Residente    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Mandatory. Local law firm or attorney. Required for all companies. Holds BO records. |

## Notes

* A Panama-based resident agent (always a local attorney or law firm) is mandatory for all companies.


# Papua New Guinea
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/papua-new-guinea

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Papua New Guinea (PNG) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                |
| ------------ | -------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific         |
| ISO 3166-1   | PG / PNG             |
| Registry     | IPA Companies Office |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Papua New Guinea and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                  | Issuer                            |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                     | Internal Revenue Commission (IRC) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **IPA Registration Number** | IPA Companies Office              |

*Tax ID:* Alphanumeric; issued via Form TIN-1 (companies). Required before opening a business bank account. IRC issues a TIN Certificate upon registration.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation; visible on Certificate of Incorporation and IPA entity search. Format not publicly standardised.

## Sector regulators

`BPNG` · `SCPNG` · `IRC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares   | Ltd          | Closely-held company incorporated under the Companies Act 1997; shareholder liability limited to unpaid share capital; share transfers restricted; at least one PNG-resident director required. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                        |
| Public Company Limited by Shares    | —            | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public and listed on the Port Moresby Stock Exchange (PNGX); no restrictions on share transferability. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                     |
| Unlimited Company                   | —            | Company incorporated with share capital under the Companies Act 1997 in which shareholders bear unlimited personal liability for company obligations; rare in practice. Functionally closest to a US C-Corp.                                                                                   |
| No-liability Company                | NL           | Specialist corporate form used in the mining and resources sector; shareholders are not personally liable for unpaid capital calls — shares are simply forfeited if calls are not met. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                              |
| Sole Trader                         | —            | Single natural person carrying on business, either under their own name or a registered business name under the Business Names Act (Cap. 145); no separate legal entity and unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                              |
| Partnership                         | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together under the Partnership Act (Cap. 375); all general partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership obligations. Equivalent to a US GP.                                                                                    |
| Company Limited by Guarantee        | —            | Non-profit company incorporated under the Companies Act 1997 with no share capital; members' liability limited to a guaranteed amount on winding up; typically used by charities, industry bodies, and professional associations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                |
| Incorporated Business Group         | —            | Customary or community-based group incorporated as a legal entity under the Business Groups Incorporation Act (Cap. 144); enables traditional landowning and clan groups to conduct commercial activity. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                   |
| Incorporated Association            | —            | Non-profit membership association incorporated under the Associations Incorporation Act 2023; used for clubs, churches, community groups, and civil-society organisations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                       |
| Cooperative Society                 | —            | Member-owned enterprise registered under the Cooperative Societies Act and Co-operative Societies Regulation 2003; common in agriculture, fisheries, and credit unions; profits distributed to members. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                    |
| Foreign Company (Registered Branch) | —            | Overseas company registered to carry on business in PNG under the Companies Act 1997 Part XVI; not a separate legal entity from its foreign parent and must also hold an IPA Foreign Enterprise Certificate under the Investment Promotion Act 1992. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Company Constitution                                          |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Local Business Permit                                         |
| Ownership Records      | IPA Annual Return                                             |
| Governance Records     | IPA Annual Return                                             |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                     | Proves                                                                                                                                         |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (IPA)**       | Legal Registration                                                                                                                             |
| **Company Constitution**                     | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                         |
| **TIN Certificate (IRC)**                    | Tax Registration                                                                                                                               |
| **Local Business Permit**                    | Operating Permit                                                                                                                               |
| **IPA Annual Return (shareholders section)** | Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                                          |
| **Board Resolution**                         | Signing Authority                                                                                                                              |
| **Lease Agreement**                          | Address                                                                                                                                        |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**              | Address                                                                                                                                        |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**            | Address                                                                                                                                        |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (IPA)**       | Good Standing                                                                                                                                  |
| **Sector-Specific License**                  | BPNG licence (banks, insurers, superannuation trustees, MVTS/FX dealers), SCPNG licence (brokers, dealers, fund managers, investment advisors) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by IPA Companies Office; downloadable via ipa.gov.pg; confirms registration number and date. Foreign companies: Certificate of Registration as Foreign Company + IPA Foreign Enterprise Certificate.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Optional under Companies Act 1997 s.30; company may operate under default statutory rules if no constitution adopted. On re-registration (Companies Amendment Act 2022), filing a constitution is required. Collect constitution or statutory declaration that none adopted.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by IRC; required for bank account opening; no VAT/GST regime — TIN is the single tax identifier.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by provincial government or urban/local-level authority; format and name vary by province. No single national general trading permit.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect relevant sector licence certificate; verify licence status on BPNG or SCPNG public registers.
* **Governance Records:** Annual return lists all current directors with addresses; filed with IPA annually. Also visible via IPA entity search.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution signed by directors; POA should be notarised. For cross-border use, apostille is available — PNG is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the IPA Companies Office under s398(2) Companies Act 1997. Available in short form (current information only) or long form (current + historical). Request a copy dated within 30 days for banking; 60-90 days for foreign qualification. Available only for entities registered or renewed since 1 December 2022 in the new IPA registry.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage company; at least one must be PNG-resident (Companies Act 1997 s.126).              |
| Managing Director                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director delegated executive management authority under constitution or board resolution.               |
| Authorised Representative (foreign branch) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Locally resident person authorised to accept service and act on behalf of a registered foreign company. |

## Notes

* The Company Constitution is optional under the Companies Act 1997; a company may operate under default statutory rules. On re-registration under the 2022 amendments (re-registration deadline was extended to 2026-04-30), companies must file or confirm no constitution exists. Confirm re-registration status on ipa.gov.pg before accepting legacy constitutional documents.
* Foreign companies must hold both a Certificate of Registration as Foreign Company (Companies Act 1997 Part XVI) and an IPA Foreign Enterprise Certificate (Investment Promotion Act 1992). Both are required for KYB — missing either is a red flag.
* The IPA registry portal (ipa.gov.pg) is the sole online search tool; there is no equivalent to a Companies House API. Public searches show registration number, status, and directors/shareholders but may lag recent filings; always request a fresh official extract for onboarding.


# Paraguay
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/paraguay

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Paraguay (PRY) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                              |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                      |
| ISO 3166-1   | PY / PRY                                           |
| Registry     | Registro Público de Comercio + DNIT (formerly SET) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Paraguay and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                       | Issuer                                            |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RUC**                                          | DNIT (Dirección Nacional de Ingresos Tributarios) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Inscripción del Registro Público de Comercio** | Registro Público de Comercio                      |

*Tax ID:* Registro Único de Contribuyentes for tax-registered entities.

*Registration number:* Public commerce registry inscription number.

## Sector regulators

`BCP` · `INCOOP` · `SEPRELAD` · `CNV`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | S.A.         | Share-capital corporation with unlimited shareholders, mandatory board of directors, and shareholders' meetings; offers full limited liability to shareholders. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                           |
| Empresa por Acciones Simplificadas   | E.A.S.       | Simplified share-capital company introduced by Law 6480/2019; may be formed by one or more persons, constituted online within 72 hours, with flexible governance and transferable shares. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                 |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones   | S.C.A.       | Hybrid entity with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and limited partners whose interests are divided into transferable shares; governed by share-capital rules. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).             |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | S.R.L.       | Quota-based limited-liability company for SMEs; 2–25 partners with liability capped to their contributions; quotas are not freely transferable shares. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                       |
| Sociedad en Nombre Colectivo         | S.N.C.       | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear joint, unlimited, and subsidiary liability for the firm's obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                      |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple         | S.C.S.       | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more silent (limited) partners whose liability is capped to their capital contribution; no transferable shares. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership. |
| Empresa Unipersonal                  | —            | Sole-trader form for a single natural person; the owner bears full personal liability for all business obligations and may operate under their own name or a trade name. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                     |
| Cooperativa                          | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by Law 438/94 and supervised by INCOOP; surplus is distributed among members, not investors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                   |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera      | —            | Registered branch of a foreign legal entity operating in Paraguay; not an independent legal person — the parent company bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Inscripción Registro Público de Comercio                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                     |
| Tax Registration       | Cédula Tributaria RUC                                                                             |
| Operating Permit       | Patente Comercial Municipal                                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Registro de Acciones                                 |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Acta de Asamblea                                              |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Acta de Asamblea · Acta de Directorio                                               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Factura de Servicio Público · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                     | Proves                                                    |
| -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Inscripción Registro Público de Comercio** | Legal Registration                                        |
| **Escritura Pública**                        | Constitutive Documents                                    |
| **Estatutos**                                | Constitutive Documents                                    |
| **Cédula Tributaria RUC (DNIT)**             | Tax Registration                                          |
| **Patente Comercial Municipal**              | Operating Permit                                          |
| **Escritura Pública**                        | Ownership Records, Governance Records                     |
| **Libro de Registro de Acciones**            | Ownership Records                                         |
| **Acta de Asamblea**                         | Governance Records, Signing Authority                     |
| **Acta de Directorio (board resolution)**    | Signing Authority                                         |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                | Address                                                   |
| **Factura de Servicio Público (≤90 días)**   | Address                                                   |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**     | Address                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                  | BCP, INCOOP, SEPRELAD, CNV — Comisión Nacional de Valores |

**Not applicable in Paraguay:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role            | Canonical API role     | Description           |
| --------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------- |
| Director / Presidente | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member / chair. |
| Gerente               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manager.              |
| Representante Legal   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative. |


# Peru
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/peru

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Peru (PER) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                        |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Latin America                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | PE / PER                                                     |
| Registry     | SUNARP (Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Peru and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name            | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RUC**               | SUNAT  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Partida Registral** | SUNARP |

*Tax ID:* 11-digit Registro Único de Contribuyentes assigned to taxpayers.

*Registration number:* Registry entry number recorded at the public registry.

## Sector regulators

`SBS` · `SMV` · `MINSA` · `BCRP`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                               | S.A.         | Share-capital corporation with unlimited shareholders, mandatory board of directors, and freely transferable shares. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                 |
| Sociedad Anónima Cerrada                       | S.A.C.       | Closely-held share corporation with 2–20 shareholders and optional board; share transfers subject to right of first refusal but shares remain the ownership instrument. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (close corporation).                          |
| Sociedad Anónima Abierta                       | S.A.A.       | Publicly-listed share corporation subject to SMV (securities regulator) oversight; requires at least 750 shareholders and shares traded on the Lima Stock Exchange. Equivalent to a US public C-Corp.                                           |
| Sociedad por Acciones Cerrada Simplificada     | S.A.C.S.     | Simplified digital-formation closed corporation (D.L. 1409/2018) for 2–20 natural-person shareholders; constituted fully online via SID-SUNARP without notary involvement. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                           |
| Sociedad Comercial de Responsabilidad Limitada | S.R.L.       | Quota-based (participaciones) limited-liability company with 2–20 partners; quotas are not freely transferable without partner consent and are not called shares. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                       |
| Empresa Individual de Responsabilidad Limitada | E.I.R.L.     | Single-owner limited-liability enterprise for one natural person; personal assets are shielded from business liabilities despite no separate legal entity in classical terms. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship with liability protection. |
| Persona Natural con Negocio                    | —            | Individual (natural person) operating a business under their own RUC with unlimited personal liability; no separate legal entity is created. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship.                                                            |
| Sociedad Colectiva                             | S.C.         | General partnership in which all partners trade under a collective name and bear unlimited joint and several liability for the firm's obligations. Equivalent to a US general partnership.                                                      |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple                   | S.C.S.       | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at contribution); no shares issued. Equivalent to a US limited partnership.                                      |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones             | S.C.A.       | Limited partnership in which the limited partners' interests are represented by shares; general partners retain unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US limited partnership.                                                                    |
| Cooperativa                                    | —            | Member-owned cooperative enterprise governed by the General Cooperatives Law (D.L. 85); members contribute equally and share profits on a patronage basis with no freely transferable equity. Equivalent to a US cooperative.                   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Partida Registral SUNARP · Ficha Registral SUNARP                           |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                             |
| Tax Registration       | Ficha RUC                                                                                 |
| Operating Permit       | Licencia de Funcionamiento Municipal                                                      |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Matrícula de Acciones                                 |
| Governance Records     | Vigencia de Poder                                                                         |
| Signing Authority      | Vigencia de Poder                                                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                                                                               |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Partida Registral SUNARP**             | Legal Registration                                                                   |
| **Ficha Registral SUNARP**               | Legal Registration                                                                   |
| **Escritura Pública**                    | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records                                            |
| **Estatutos**                            | Constitutive Documents                                                               |
| **Ficha RUC (SUNAT)**                    | Tax Registration                                                                     |
| **Licencia de Funcionamiento Municipal** | Operating Permit                                                                     |
| **Matrícula de Acciones**                | Ownership Records                                                                    |
| **Vigencia de Poder**                    | Governance Records, Signing Authority                                                |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**            | Address                                                                              |
| **Recibo de Servicios (≤90 días)**       | Address                                                                              |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)** | Address                                                                              |
| **Sector-Specific License**              | SBS, SMV, MINSA, BCRP — Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (payment system operators) |

**Not applicable in Peru:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                | Canonical API role     | Description                                        |
| ------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| Gerente General           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative. Mandatory role.              |
| Director                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member. Required in S.A., optional in S.A.C. |
| Presidente del Directorio | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board chair.                                       |

## Notes

* SUNAT tracks tax domicile condition (condición de domicilio fiscal): Habido (reachable) vs No Habido (unreachable); No Habido is a red flag.


# Philippines
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/philippines

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Philippines (PHL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                               |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | PH / PHL                                            |
| Registry     | Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Philippines and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                  | Issuer                                              |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                     | Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)                    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **SEC Registration Number** | Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) |

*Tax ID:* TIN issued at BIR registration; COR (Form 2303) is the principal tax-registration certificate. VAT registration required if annual gross sales ≥ PHP 3,000,000.

*Registration number:* Assigned on issuance of Certificate of Incorporation via eSPARC; appears on the digitally signed certificate.

## Sector regulators

`BSP` · `IC` · `AMLC` · `SEC` · `CDA` · `DTI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Stock Corporation               | Corp. / Inc. | Share-capital company with ≥2 incorporators (no maximum since RA 11232); board of 5–15 directors; most common Philippine commercial vehicle with separate legal personality and transferable shares. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                            |
| One Person Corporation          | OPC          | Single-stockholder corporation introduced by RA 11232 s.116; separate legal personality with limited liability; sole stockholder serves as sole director and president. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (single-shareholder variant).                                                                                            |
| General Partnership             | GP           | Two or more partners each bearing unlimited personal liability for partnership obligations; registered with SEC; treated as a juridical person once registered. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                               |
| Limited Partnership             | LP           | One or more general partners with unlimited liability plus one or more limited partners whose liability is limited to their capital contribution; SEC registration required. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                  |
| Sole Proprietorship             | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name or a registered business name; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability; registered with DTI via the BNRS portal. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                |
| Non-Stock Corporation           | —            | No capital stock; organized for charitable, religious, educational, civic, or similar non-profit purposes; governed by trustees; registered with SEC. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                                                                                                |
| Cooperative                     | Coop         | Member-owned enterprise organized under the Cooperative Code (RA 9520); registered with and regulated by the Cooperative Development Authority (CDA), not the SEC. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                                                                                         |
| Branch of Foreign Corporation   | —            | Revenue-generating extension of a foreign parent corporation licensed by the Philippine SEC; requires USD 200,000 inward remittance; subject to full Philippine corporate income tax. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                                |
| Representative Office           | —            | Liaison and promotional office of a foreign corporation; may not derive income in the Philippines; requires USD 30,000 annual inward remittance; licensed by the Philippine SEC. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                                     |
| Regional Headquarters           | RHQ          | Administrative supervision and coordination center of a multinational; cannot earn income in the Philippines; licensed by the Philippine SEC under RA 8756; requires USD 50,000 annual remittance. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                   |
| Regional Operating Headquarters | ROHQ         | Income-earning foreign multinational office that provides qualifying services to affiliates in the Asia-Pacific; licensed by the Philippine SEC under RA 8756; taxed at the regular corporate income tax rate (25%, or 20% for SMEs) since the CREATE Act (RA 11534) effective 2022. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | SEC Certificate of Incorporation                              |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + By-Laws           |
| Tax Registration       | BIR Certificate of Registration                               |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Mayor's Permit · Business Permit                |
| Ownership Records      | GIS — Stockholders section                                    |
| Governance Records     | GIS — Directors and Officers section                          |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Secretary's Certificate + Board Resolution    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | SEC Certificate of Good Standing                              |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                        | Proves                                           |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| **SEC Certificate of Incorporation**            | Legal Registration                               |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                   | Constitutive Documents                           |
| **By-Laws**                                     | Constitutive Documents                           |
| **BIR Certificate of Registration (Form 2303)** | Tax Registration                                 |
| **Mayor's Permit**                              | Operating Permit                                 |
| **Business Permit**                             | Operating Permit                                 |
| **GIS — Stockholders section**                  | Ownership Records                                |
| **GIS — Directors and Officers section**        | Governance Records                               |
| **Secretary's Certificate**                     | Signing Authority                                |
| **Board Resolution**                            | Signing Authority                                |
| **Lease Agreement**                             | Address                                          |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                 | Address                                          |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**               | Address                                          |
| **SEC Certificate of Good Standing**            | Good Standing                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                     | BSP Certificate of Authority, License to Operate |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued digitally via eSPARC; bears Document Identifier Number (DIN). For foreign corps: SEC License to Do Business.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single combined filing in eSPARC; stamped copy returned with Certificate. For OPCs, a slightly simplified form applies.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by the BIR Revenue District Office. Accompanied by the BIR TIN card for verification.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the LGU where the principal office is located; renewed annually. Preceded by Barangay Business Clearance.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated-sector clients; acronyms: BSP, IC, AMLC, SEC (capital markets).
* **Ownership Records:** GIS lists current stockholders and percentage holdings; filed annually via eFAST.
* **Governance Records:** Lists names, nationalities, TINs, and addresses of all current directors and officers; filed annually via eFAST.
* **Signing Authority:** Standard instrument certifying board authorization for specific acts (e.g., account opening, contract execution); typically notarized. Power of Attorney also accepted.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement; utility bill and bank statement must be dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Philippine SEC Company Registration and Monitoring Department (CRMD); confirms the corporation is currently existing, in good standing, and has filed required annual reports (GIS, AFS). Distinct from the Certificate of Incorporation (issued at formation). Requested for bank account openings, regulatory filings, and cross-border transactions.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                     |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| President                                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Must be a director; chief executive; day-to-day authority; cannot concurrently serve as Secretary or Treasurer. |
| Director (Board Member)                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Elected by stockholders; governance role; board of 5–15 (or 1 for OPC).                                         |
| Treasurer                                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Elected corporate officer; manages finances; must be a Philippine resident; cannot concurrently be President.   |
| Authorized Signatory (via Secretary's Certificate) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized by board resolution to sign contracts and bind the corporation.                               |
| Nominee Director / Trustee                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Persons appointed to the board by a stockholder; governance role regardless of equity.                          |

## Notes

* Philippine SEC ≠ US SEC. The Philippines SEC is a domestic corporate registry and capital-markets regulator — not affiliated with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. Use "Philippine SEC" to disambiguate in all documentation.
* Foreign Investment Negative List restricts equity for many sectors. Certain industries (media, land ownership, education, retail below USD 2.5M paid-up capital, utilities, etc.) cap foreign ownership at 0–40%. Always verify the current FINL before onboarding Philippine entities with foreign stockholders.


# Poland
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/poland

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Poland (POL) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                 |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | PL / POL                              |
| Registry     | Ministry of Justice / district courts |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Poland and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name     | Issuer                                |
| ------------------------------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIP**        | KAS (Krajowa Administracja Skarbowa)  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **KRS number** | Ministry of Justice / district courts |

*Tax ID:* 10-digit tax ID; VAT format = "PL" + 10-digit NIP (e.g. PL1234567890). Assigned automatically at KRS registration.

*Registration number:* 10-digit number assigned at KRS registration; displayed on all commercial correspondence. REGON (9-digit statistical number, issued by GUS) is a third identifier — collect alongside KRS and NIP.

## Sector regulators

`KNF/UKNF` · `NBP` · `GIIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                              | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Jednoosobowa działalność gospodarcza    | JDG          | Sole trader registered in CEIDG; no separate legal personality, unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                              |
| Spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością | Sp. z o.o.   | Private limited-liability company; min share capital PLN 5,000; the dominant vehicle for SMEs and foreign subsidiaries (KSH art. 154). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                     |
| Prosta Spółka Akcyjna                   | P.S.A.       | Simple joint-stock company; min share capital PLN 1; introduced 2021-07-01 for startups, shares registered electronically (KSH art. 300¹). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                          |
| Spółka Akcyjna                          | S.A.         | Joint-stock company; min share capital PLN 100,000; used for large enterprises and public listings (KSH art. 301). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                  |
| Spółka jawna                            | Sp.j.        | General partnership; all partners bear unlimited joint liability for company obligations; no minimum capital (KSH art. 22). Equivalent to a US GP.                                                                 |
| Spółka partnerska                       | Sp.p.        | Professional partnership for licensed professions (lawyers, doctors, architects); partners are not liable for co-partners' professional negligence (KSH art. 86). Equivalent to a US LLP.                          |
| Spółka komandytowa                      | Sp.k.        | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one limited partner with liability capped at contribution (KSH art. 102). Equivalent to a US LP.                                    |
| Spółka komandytowo-akcyjna              | S.K.A.       | Limited joint-stock partnership; hybrid combining a general partner (unlimited liability) with shareholders; min share capital PLN 50,000 (KSH art. 125). Equivalent to a US LP.                                   |
| Spółka cywilna                          | S.C.         | Civil-law partnership governed by the Civil Code (art. 860–875), not the KSH; not a separate legal entity. Partners register individually in CEIDG and bear unlimited joint liability. Equivalent to a US GP.      |
| Spółdzielnia                            | —            | Cooperative society; a voluntary association of members pursuing a common economic goal, governed by the Cooperative Law of 1982; separate legal personality, member-owned. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.        |
| Oddział przedsiębiorcy zagranicznego    | —            | Branch of a foreign entrepreneur; registered in KRS, conducting business activity in Poland within the scope of the parent entity's business; no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                               |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Odpis z KRS                                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Umowa Spółki · Statut                            |
| Tax Registration       | Zaświadczenie o nadaniu NIP                                    |
| Ownership Records      | Odpis z KRS                                                    |
| Governance Records     | Odpis z KRS                                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Uchwała Zarządu · Prokura · Pełnomocnictwo       |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Umowa najmu · Rachunek za media · Wyciąg bankowy |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                  | Proves                                                                         |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Odpis z KRS (current full extract)**                    | Legal Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records                      |
| **Umowa Spółki (Sp. z o.o.)**                             | Constitutive Documents                                                         |
| **Statut (S.A. / P.S.A.)**                                | Constitutive Documents                                                         |
| **Zaświadczenie o nadaniu NIP**                           | Tax Registration                                                               |
| **Uchwała Zarządu (board resolution)**                    | Signing Authority                                                              |
| **Prokura (KRS-registered commercial power of attorney)** | Signing Authority                                                              |
| **Pełnomocnictwo (notarised power of attorney)**          | Signing Authority                                                              |
| **Umowa najmu**                                           | Address                                                                        |
| **Rachunek za media (≤90 dni)**                           | Address                                                                        |
| **Wyciąg bankowy (≤90 dni)**                              | Address                                                                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                               | KNF licence, KNF register entry, Zezwolenie sektorowe (sector-specific permit) |

**Not applicable in Poland:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable free of charge at prs.ms.gov.pl/krs; includes KRS, NIP, REGON, address, capital, bodies.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with KRS at incorporation; S.A. statut must be in notarial deed form. Sp. z o.o. may be incorporated online via S24 with a standard-form agreement.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by KAS. For EU VAT purposes: NIP prefixed "PL". Collect also REGON certificate (GUS) — three identifiers standard practice.
* **Sector-Specific License:** KNF issues licences for banks, payment institutions, e-money institutions, insurers, investment firms, AIFMs. KNF public register searchable at knf.gov.pl.
* **Governance Records:** Lists all current Zarząd members, scope of representation (joint/single), and Prokura holders.
* **Signing Authority:** Prokura is filed in KRS and covers all business acts by operation of law. Pełnomocnictwo required for acts outside Prokura scope (e.g. real estate) and must match form of underlying act.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement; utility and bank documents should be dated within 90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                  |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Członek Zarządu (Management Board member)          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director; manages day-to-day operations and represents the company (KSH art. 201).                                 |
| Prezes Zarządu (President / CEO of Zarząd)         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the Management Board; day-to-day executive authority.                                                               |
| Członek Rady Nadzorczej (Supervisory Board member) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive supervisory role; mandatory in S.A. and Sp. z o.o. with capital >PLN 500k and >25 shareholders (KSH art. 213). |
| Prokurent (Prokura holder)                         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Commercial proxy registered in KRS; authorised to bind company in all business acts.                                         |
| Pełnomocnik (POA holder)                           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a specific power of attorney; authority limited to scope stated.                                                   |
| Likwidator (Liquidator)                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed upon dissolution; represents company during winding-up.                                                            |

## Notes

* Three identifiers, not one. Every Polish company has KRS (registry), NIP (tax), and REGON (statistical). Collect all three — Polish statute requires all three on invoices and commercial correspondence; KRS extract displays NIP and REGON, but stand-alone NIP and REGON certificates are separate artifacts.
* CRBR public access is narrowing. The register is currently freely searchable at crbr.podatki.gov.pl, but restricted access (legitimate-interest basis only) is scheduled from 2026-07-01 under Directive (EU) 2024/1640 transposition — collect CRBR extracts at onboarding and refresh before the access gate closes.
* Prokura is KRS-registered and has statutory scope. Unlike a general POA, Prokura covers all judicial and extrajudicial business acts by operation of law (KC art. 109¹); verify in the KRS extract whether representation is joint (łączna) or sole (samoistna).
* S.A. Statut must be executed as a notarial deed. Sp. z o.o. Umowa Spółki may be in standard electronic form (S24) — confirm form when collecting articles.


# Portugal
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/portugal

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Portugal (PRT) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | PT / PRT   |
| Registry     | IRN        |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Portugal and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                                 |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIPC**   | AT (Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **NIPC**   | AT (Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira) |

*Tax ID:* NIPC is the unique entity identifier. The Certidão Permanente has a separate 12-digit access code (format XXXX-XXXX-XXXX) used to retrieve the live extract online.

*Registration number:* NIPC is the unique entity identifier. The Certidão Permanente has a separate 12-digit access code (format XXXX-XXXX-XXXX) used to retrieve the live extract online.

## Sector regulators

`Banco de Portugal` · `CMVM` · `ASF` · `AT`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| -------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Sociedade por Quotas             | Lda.            | Most common SME vehicle; quota-based limited-liability company; min €1 capital (since 2011); managed by one or more gerentes. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                  |
| Sociedade Unipessoal por Quotas  | Unipessoal Lda. | Single-quotaholder variant of the Lda.; identical limited-liability regime; corporate name must include "Unipessoal". Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                                                                                                    |
| Sociedade Anónima                | S.A.            | Joint-stock company with separate legal personality; min €50,000 capital; shares freely transferable; may list on public markets. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                       |
| Sociedade em Nome Coletivo       | S.N.C.          | General partnership; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                       |
| Sociedade em Comandita Simples   | S.C.S.          | Limited partnership; one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                          |
| Sociedade em Comandita por Ações | S.C.A.          | Limited partnership with share capital; limited partners hold freely transferable shares while general partners bear unlimited liability; one of the five statutory forms under the Código das Sociedades Comerciais, though rarely used in practice. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Empresário em Nome Individual    | ENI             | Sole trader operating under personal name; not a separate legal entity; no minimum capital; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                          |
| Cooperativa                      | —               | Member-owned cooperative governed by the Código Cooperativo; capital and governance rights tied to membership rather than transferable shares; active in agriculture, housing, credit, and retail sectors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                         |
| Sucursal                         | —               | Registered branch of a foreign company operating in Portugal; no separate legal personality — liabilities remain with the parent entity. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certidão Permanente do Registo Comercial                                       |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Contrato de Sociedade · Escritura de Constituição · Estatutos    |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Certidão de Situação Tributária · Cartão NIPC                    |
| Operating Permit       | Alvará de Autorização de Utilização                                            |
| Ownership Records      | Certidão Permanente                                                            |
| Governance Records     | Certidão Permanente                                                            |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Deliberação social · Procuração notarial                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de arrendamento · Fatura de serviços · Extrato Bancário |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                             | Proves                                                          |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certidão Permanente do Registo Comercial**                         | Legal Registration                                              |
| **Contrato de Sociedade (Lda.)**                                     | Constitutive Documents                                          |
| **Escritura de Constituição**                                        | Constitutive Documents                                          |
| **Estatutos (S.A.)**                                                 | Constitutive Documents                                          |
| **Certidão de Situação Tributária (AT tax standing certificate)**    | Tax Registration                                                |
| **Cartão NIPC (corporate taxpayer identification card)**             | Tax Registration                                                |
| **Alvará de Autorização de Utilização (Câmara Municipal)**           | Operating Permit                                                |
| **Certidão Permanente (sócios section)**                             | Ownership Records, Governance Records                           |
| **Deliberação social (acta de assembleia / decisão do sócio único)** | Signing Authority                                               |
| **Procuração notarial**                                              | Signing Authority                                               |
| **Contrato de arrendamento**                                         | Address                                                         |
| **Fatura de serviços (≤90 dias)**                                    | Address                                                         |
| **Extrato Bancário (≤90 dias)**                                      | Address                                                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                          | Banco de Portugal authorisation, CMVM registration, ASF licence |

**Not applicable in Portugal:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Accessed online via registo.justica.gov.pt using the 12-digit access code; available in PT or EN; includes entity status, capital, and management.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised at incorporation; filed with and retrievable from Registo Comercial. Certidão Permanente includes latest bylaws (estatutos actualizados).
* **Tax Registration:** NIPC = 9-digit tax and VAT ID; AT issues a compliance certificate (situação tributária regularizada) confirming no tax arrears.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the local municipal council; confirms premises authorised for the stated activity. Not required for purely online or home-office operations.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banco de Portugal (credit institutions, payment institutions, e-money); CMVM (investment firms, fund managers); ASF (insurance undertakings).
* **Ownership Records:** Certidão Permanente lists Lda. quotaholders and S.A. shareholders of record.
* **Governance Records:** Lists current gerentes (Lda.) or Conselho de Administração members (S.A.) with appointment date and signing scope.
* **Signing Authority:** Board/shareholders' resolution for routine authority; notarised power of attorney (procuração) for external representatives. Deliberação social covers routine/internal authority; procuração notarial is needed for external representatives or non-routine transactions.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gerente (Lda.)                                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed manager of Lda.; day-to-day operational authority; registered in Certidão Permanente. |
| Administrador / Membro do Conselho de Administração (S.A.) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director on the Board of Administration; day-to-day management.                       |
| Presidente do Conselho de Administração (S.A.)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the Board of Administration; governance role.                                          |
| Membro do Conselho Geral e de Supervisão (S.A.)            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the General and Supervisory Board under the dualist governance model.                 |
| Procurador                                                 | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a notarised procuração; authorised to legally bind the company within stated scope.   |

## Notes

* NIPC and VAT ID are the same number. The NIPC is issued once by AT and doubles as the corporate tax ID and the VAT registration number (prefixed "PT" for EU purposes). Collecting one document satisfies both Tax Registration and entity identification.
* RCBE access now requires demonstrated legitimate interest. D.L. 115/2025 (in force 27-10-2025) restricts RCBE consultation to persons with legitimate interest (obliged entities, competent authorities, journalists, etc.); all accesses logged for 5 years. Conduit as an AML-obliged entity qualifies but must formally invoke the purpose per query at rcbe.justica.gov.pt. AMLR (Reg. (EU) 2024/1624) directly applicable from 2027-07-10 will supersede national provisions.
* Annual RCBE renewal deadline is 31 December. Entities must confirm (or update) RCBE data every year. A certificate that has not been renewed post-31 December of the prior year is non-compliant; verify the confirmation date, not just the registration date.
* S.A. governance model varies. Portuguese S.A.s may adopt a monist model (Conselho de Administração + Fiscal Único / Conselho Fiscal) or dualist model (Conselho de Administração Executivo + Conselho Geral e de Supervisão). The Certidão Permanente will show which model is in use; map roles accordingly.


# Puerto Rico
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/puerto-rico

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Puerto Rico (PRI) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                           |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | PR / PRI                                                                                                        |
| Registry     | [Registry of Corporations and Entities — Puerto Rico Department of State](https://rcp.estado.pr.gov/en/search/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Puerto Rico and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                     | Issuer                                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Merchant Registration Number (Número de Comerciante) / EIN** | Puerto Rico Department of the Treasury (Departamento de Hacienda)       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Corporation/Entity Registration Number**                     | Puerto Rico Department of State — Registry of Corporations and Entities |

*Tax ID:* Every person doing business in Puerto Rico must register as a merchant via the SURI portal (Sistema Unificado de Rentas Internas) and obtain a Merchant Registration Certificate (Certificado de Registro de Comerciantes) at least 30 days before commencing operations, as required by the Puerto Rico Internal Revenue Code of 2011, § 32141. The MRC authorises collection of the Sales and Use Tax (IVU — Impuesto sobre Ventas y Uso). Additionally, all entities must obtain a Federal Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the US IRS, which is used for both federal and local Puerto Rico income-tax purposes. Both numbers appear on KYB documents: the Merchant Number on the MRC, and the EIN on the certificate of incorporation notification to Hacienda and on the annual Constancia de Radicación de Planilla.

*Registration number:* Unique sequential numeric identifier assigned by the Registrar of Corporations at the moment of incorporation or registration under the Puerto Rico General Corporations Act of 2009 (Act 164-2009, as amended). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation, Certificate of Formation, Certificate of Organization, or Authorization to do Business, and on the online registry record (rcp.estado.pr.gov). No fixed public format specification; in practice a sequence of digits (commonly 6–7 digits) assigned by the electronic registry.

## Sector regulators

`OCIF (Office of the Commissioner of Financial Institutions — Oficina del Comisionado de Instituciones Financieras)` · `OCS (Office of the Insurance Commissioner — Oficina del Comisionado de Seguros)` · `FinCEN (Financial Crimes Enforcement Network — US federal, applies to all Puerto Rico financial institutions)` · `OCC (Office of the Comptroller of the Currency — for federally chartered banks)` · `FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation — deposit insurance and state-chartered bank oversight)` · `Federal Reserve Board (bank holding company supervision)` · `SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission — securities regulation)` · `CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                                                | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Corporation (For-Profit)                                                                  | Corp.        | Formed under the Puerto Rico General Corporations Act of 2009 (Act 164-2009), modeled closely on the Delaware General Corporation Law. A separate legal entity owned by shareholders with transferable shares; liability limited to capital contribution. Governed by a Board of Directors and appointed officers. Subject to annual-report filing by April 15 each year and corporate income tax at the entity level plus a second level on dividends. May be publicly held or closely held. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Intimate Corporation (Corporación Íntima)                                                 | —            | A close-corporation variant under Chapter 234 of Act 164-2009; restricted to no more than 75 registered shareholders across all share classes; all shares must bear transfer restrictions; the corporation may elect to be governed by its shareholders directly without a Board of Directors if the articles so provide. Subject to the same annual-report and tax rules as regular corporations. Equivalent to a US S-Corp or close corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Professional Service Corporation (Corporación de Servicios Profesionales)                 | PSC          | A corporation formed under Act 164-2009 whose business is restricted to rendering a specific professional service (e.g., law, accountancy, medicine) for which a Puerto Rico professional licence is required. All shareholders and officers must hold that licence; shareholders retain limited liability except for personal professional malpractice or willful misconduct. Taxed in the same two-level manner as regular corporations. Equivalent to a US Professional Corporation (PC).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Public Benefit Corporation (Corporación de Beneficio Público)                             | PBC          | Authorised by Act 233-2016 (amending Act 164-2009, Chapter 243); a for-profit corporation that must promote a general or specific public benefit in addition to generating profit; directors are held to a balanced-interest standard rather than pure shareholder-primacy; must publish an annual benefit report. Closest US equivalent: Public Benefit Corporation (Delaware PBC).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Limited Liability Company (Compañía de Responsabilidad Limitada)                          | LLC / CRL    | Formed under Chapter 239 of Act 164-2009; constituted by a Certificate of Formation filed with the Department of State ($250 filing fee) and an Operating Agreement (Acuerdo Operacional). Members (natural or legal persons) are not personally liable for the entity's debts. Internally may be structured as member-managed or manager-managed. Taxed at two levels by default but can elect partnership tax treatment. Not required to file annual reports; instead pays an annual $150 fee to the Department of State due April 15. Most widely used entity type for new business formation. Name must include 'Limited Liability Company', 'Compañía de Responsabilidad Limitada', or the abbreviation LLC or CRL. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Low-Profit Limited Liability Company (Compañía de Responsabilidad Limitada de Bajo Lucro) | LPLLC        | A hybrid LLC variant authorised by Act 233-2016 (amending Act 164-2009); may generate profit but profit maximisation must never be its primary purpose; directors and managers are subject to relaxed fiduciary standards relative to traditional LLCs; may pursue social and charitable purposes. Positioned between a traditional for-profit LLC and a non-profit entity. Closest US equivalent: L3C (Low-Profit Limited Liability Company).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Traditional Partnership (Sociedad)                                                        | —            | Governed by the Puerto Rico Civil Code (Act 55-2020, replacing the 1930 Civil Code); formed by two or more natural or legal persons who agree to carry on a business and share profits. Partners bear unlimited personal liability for partnership debts unless the agreement limits certain partners' liability. Pass-through taxation at the partner level; not taxed at partnership level. Distinct from registered partnerships under Act 164-2009. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Limited Liability Partnership (Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada)                      | LLP / SRL    | Formed under Act 164-2009 by at least two natural persons through a public deed before a Puerto Rico notary public, then registered with the Department of State. Partners receive limited liability protection for the debts of the partnership except where the individual partner had personal knowledge of or engaged in willful misconduct. Must be renewed annually with the Department of State; failure to renew can convert the LLP into communal property and expose partners to unlimited liability. Available for professional and non-professional services. Pass-through taxation. Closest US equivalent: Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).                                                                                     |
| Limited Partnership (Sociedad en Comandita)                                               | —            | Formed under Act 164-2009; comprises one or more general partners with unlimited liability managing the business and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. The limited partners may not participate in management without losing their liability shield. Pass-through taxation. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Sole Proprietorship (Negocio Individual)                                                  | —            | A business owned and operated by a single individual with no separate legal personality from its owner; governed by the Puerto Rico Civil Code. No formal registration required with the Department of State, but the owner must register as a merchant with Hacienda (Merchant Registration Certificate) and obtain any required municipal and sector licences. The owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business obligations. Income is reported on the owner's personal income tax return. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Cooperative (Cooperativa)                                                                 | —            | Organised under the Puerto Rico Cooperative Corporations Act (Act 239-2004 and Act 313-2004 for credit unions); member-owned entities where voting is one member/one vote regardless of capital contribution; surplus is distributed in proportion to patronage rather than capital investment. Registered with the Department of State and supervised for credit unions (cooperativas de ahorro y crédito) by OCIF. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Branch of Foreign Corporation (Sucursal)                                                  | —            | A foreign corporation may apply to the Puerto Rico Department of State for an Authorization to do Business (Certificado de Autorización para Hacer Negocios) under Act 164-2009. Not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable for all branch activities. Must appoint a resident agent and file annual reports (or pay annual fees for LLC parents). Must present a certificate of good standing or equivalent from the home jurisdiction (no older than 3 months). Equivalent to a US foreign corporation branch/representative office.                                                                                                                                                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Formation *(optional: Certificate of Authorization to do Business)* |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Operating Agreement *(optional: Public Deed of Organization)*                         |
| Tax Registration       | Merchant Registration Certificate                                                                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Patente Municipal                                                                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Stock Ledger · Membership Interest Register                                                                       |
| Governance Records     | Annual Report                                                                                                                   |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                                   |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                    |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                         | Proves                                                                                           |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                 | Legal Registration                                                                               |
| **Certificate of Formation (LLC / CRL)**                         | Legal Registration                                                                               |
| **Authorization to do Business in Puerto Rico (Foreign Entity)** | Legal Registration                                                                               |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                           |
| **Operating Agreement (LLC / CRL)**                              | Constitutive Documents                                                                           |
| **Escritura Pública (LLP / Partnership)**                        | Constitutive Documents                                                                           |
| **Certificado de Registro de Comerciantes**                      | Tax Registration                                                                                 |
| **Municipal Business License (Patente Municipal)**               | Operating Permit                                                                                 |
| **Stock Ledger / Share Register**                                | Ownership Records                                                                                |
| **Membership Interest Register (LLC)**                           | Ownership Records                                                                                |
| **Annual Report (Corporation — lists directors and officers)**   | Governance Records                                                                               |
| **Board Resolution**                                             | Signing Authority                                                                                |
| **Power of Attorney**                                            | Signing Authority                                                                                |
| **Lease Agreement (Contrato de Arrendamiento)**                  | Address                                                                                          |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                  | Address                                                                                          |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                | Address                                                                                          |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                                 | Good Standing                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                      | OCIF Banking Licence, OCIF IFE Licence, OCIF MSB Licence, OCS Insurance Certificate of Authority |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Puerto Rico Department of State (Departamento de Estado) through the Electronic Registry of Corporations and Entities upon acceptance of the articles of incorporation (corporations) or certificate of formation (LLCs) filed under Act 164-2009. Contains the entity name, registration number, date of formation, and the Registrar's electronic signature and seal. For foreign entities, the equivalent document is the Certificate of Authorization to do Business (Certificado de Autorización para Hacer Negocios). Corporations must also file annual reports by April 15 each year. All filings are managed through the online portal at rcp.estado.pr.gov.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For corporations: Articles of Incorporation (Artículos de Incorporación) filed with the Department of State at formation under Act 164-2009; sets out the entity name, registered office, resident agent, objects, authorized share capital, and initial directors. For LLCs: the constitutive document is the Operating Agreement (Acuerdo Operacional), which is not filed publicly but is legally required; also accompanied by the Certificate of Formation. For LLPs: a public deed (escritura pública) notarised in Puerto Rico. Amendments to articles must be filed with and recorded by the Department of State.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by the Puerto Rico Department of the Treasury (Hacienda) via the SURI portal upon completion of form AS 2914.1. Every person doing business in Puerto Rico must register as a merchant at least 30 days prior to commencing operations per Puerto Rico Internal Revenue Code 2011, § 32141 (Act 1-2011). The certificate must be displayed publicly at each business location. The certificate identifies the merchant number, trade name, business address, type of activity, and the NAICS code. The Merchant Number serves as the local tax identification number for Sales and Use Tax (IVU) purposes. Additionally, all entities must notify the EIN (Federal Employer Identification Number, issued by the US IRS) to Hacienda alongside the incorporation certificate.
* **Operating Permit:** Under Puerto Rico's Municipal Code (Código Municipal de Puerto Rico, Act 107-2020), each municipality levies a volume-of-business license tax known as the Patente Municipal. Any entity or individual commencing business operations in a municipality must apply for the Patente Municipal at the local Oficina de Finanzas within 30 days of commencing operations. The provisional licence exempts the business from paying tax during the first semester of operations; the regular licence is renewable annually (declarations due April 15 each year). Tax rates are up to 0.5% of gross receipts for non-financial businesses and up to 1.5% for financial businesses. Note: the Patente Municipal is technically a tax, not a licence, but it is administered as a local operating permit equivalent and is the closest analog to a general operating licence in Puerto Rico.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-specific licences issued by the Office of the Commissioner of Financial Institutions (OCIF — Oficina del Comisionado de Instituciones Financieras) under the following statutes: Act 55-1933 and successor legislation for commercial banks and thrift institutions; Act 136-2010 (Financial Institutions Act) for banks, trust companies, and International Banking Entities (IBEs); Act 273-2012 (International Financial Center Regulatory Act, as amended by Act 44-2024) for International Financial Entities (IFEs); Act 10-1954 for insurance companies and intermediaries supervised by the Office of the Insurance Commissioner (OCS); Act 600-1954 for securities and broker-dealers supervised by the Office of the Commissioner of Financial Institutions acting under the Puerto Rico Securities Act; Act 136-2010 (Money Service Business Regulatory Act, 7 L.P.R.A. § 2101 et seq.) for Money Services Businesses (MSBs) — money transmitters, check cashers, currency exchangers, and prepaid access providers. OCIF also supervises credit unions (cooperativas de ahorro y crédito) under Act 255-2002. Federal bank regulators (OCC, FDIC, Federal Reserve) also have concurrent jurisdiction over federally chartered institutions. FinCEN Bank Secrecy Act requirements apply to all financial institutions.
* **Governance Records:** Puerto Rico corporations must file an annual report by April 15 each year with the Department of State, which includes the names and business addresses of all current directors and officers. The annual report is publicly available through the Department of State's online registry (rcp.estado.pr.gov). There is no separate standalone register of directors filed at formation, but the initial directors are identified in the Articles of Incorporation. The current officer/director list is accessible via company search on the electronic registry. LLCs are not required to file annual reports but do pay annual fees; manager/member details are not publicly listed unless voluntarily disclosed.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. Board resolutions (adopted at a duly convened directors' meeting or by written unanimous consent under Act 164-2009) are the standard method by which a Puerto Rico corporation authorises an officer or third party to act on its behalf. For LLCs, the equivalent is a Member/Manager Resolution or written consent. Powers of attorney must be executed in accordance with Puerto Rico notarial law (Act 75-1987 and Act 55-2020); those executed outside Puerto Rico for use in Puerto Rico must be authenticated (Apostille or consular legalisation). Note: Act 164-2009 permits written consent resolutions without a formal board meeting.
* **Address:** Standard evidence: a lease agreement (no time limit) OR a utility bill (LUMA Energy, Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority — PRASA, or other service provider) OR a bank statement, with utility bills and bank statements dated within 90 days. The Merchant Registration Certificate (MRC) shows the business's physical address as registered with Hacienda and may also be used. Registered office for corporations may be a law firm or registered agent address; operating address must be a physical Puerto Rico location.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Puerto Rico Department of State (through its Registry of Corporations and Entities) under Chapter 235, § 3856 of Act 164-2009. Certifies that the entity is duly organized, in existence, and in good standing under the laws of Puerto Rico — i.e., that it has filed all required annual reports (or paid all annual fees for LLCs), that annual report filings are current, and that it has not been dissolved, revoked, or withdrawn. The certificate bears the Secretary of State's electronic signature and official seal and includes a validation number verifiable online. Valid for one year from the date of issuance. Required by foreign jurisdictions when registering a Puerto Rico entity elsewhere, and by banks and financial institutions for account opening. Processing time varies; available online through rcp.estado.pr.gov.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed member of the Board of Directors of a corporation under Act 164-2009; responsible for overall governance and strategic oversight; named in the Articles of Incorporation and the annual report filed with the Department of State.                                                                               |
| Officer (President / CEO / Secretary / Treasurer) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer of a corporation who manages day-to-day operations; named in the annual report filed with the Department of State. A corporation must have at minimum a President, Secretary, and Treasurer (may be the same person if permitted by articles). Equivalent controlling persons exist in LLCs as managers. |
| Authorized Signatory / Attorney-in-Fact           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to sign documents and transact on behalf of the entity in Puerto Rico; authority may be general or limited in scope.                                                                                                                          |

## Notes

* Puerto Rico is an unincorporated US territory (Estado Libre Asociado / Commonwealth) — it is neither a US state nor an independent country. Entities formed in Puerto Rico are domestic US entities for most federal law purposes (tax, FinCEN, SEC), but Puerto Rico has its own civil and commercial law tradition, its own Hacienda tax authority, and its own financial regulator (OCIF) operating alongside federal US regulators.
* Puerto Rico's General Corporations Act of 2009 (Act 164-2009, as amended) is modeled on the Delaware General Corporation Law. Delaware corporate practice is widely understood by Puerto Rico counsel and US counsel alike.
* All businesses operating in Puerto Rico must obtain a Merchant Registration Certificate (Certificado de Registro de Comerciantes) from Hacienda via the SURI portal and a Patente Municipal from the relevant municipality within 30 days of commencing operations. Both are routine KYB evidence of legitimate Puerto Rico operations.
* The Merchant Registration Certificate must be displayed publicly at each business location. It renews every two years and the merchant number is the local SUT (Sales and Use Tax / IVU) identifier.
* For US federal tax purposes, Puerto Rico entities use a US EIN (Employer Identification Number) issued by the US IRS. The EIN is the federal tax identifier and appears on federal filings. Puerto Rico has its own separate income tax system (administered by Hacienda) with rates and rules that differ from federal income tax.
* OCIF removed Puerto Rico's International Banking Entities (IBEs) and International Financial Entities (IFEs) from the US Treasury's National Money Laundering Risk Assessment list of high-risk jurisdictions in 2024 following strengthened supervision. This is a positive AML/CFT signal for Puerto Rico-domiciled financial entities.
* Act 60-2019 (Puerto Rico Incentives Code) consolidates prior tax incentive acts (Act 20, Act 22, Act 273). It provides significant corporate and individual income tax incentives for qualifying export-services, manufacturing, and tourism businesses; verify Act 60 decree status when onboarding entities that may claim reduced tax rates.
* The registry portal (rcp.estado.pr.gov) allows online name searches and document orders; certified certificates and good standing documents can be validated online using the validation number printed on the certificate.


# Qatar
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/qatar

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Qatar (QAT) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                            |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)                                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | QA / QAT                                                         |
| Registry     | MoCI (mainland) / QFC Company Registration Office (QFC entities) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Qatar and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                  | Issuer                                                           |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)**         | General Tax Authority (GTA)                                      |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Commercial Registration Number (CR No.)** | MoCI (mainland) / QFC Company Registration Office (QFC entities) |

*Tax ID:* Issued on registration at dhareeba.gov.qa; required for all entities with Qatar-source income. No VAT — Qatar has not implemented VAT as of 2026-05-06 despite 2015 GCC VAT Framework Agreement.

*Registration number:* Mainland CR is the businessEntityId. QFC entities carry a separate CRO number — collect jurisdiction indicator at onboarding.

## Sector regulators

`QCB` · `QFMA` · `QFCRA` · `QFIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                               | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| With Limited Liability Company           | WLL          | Most common mainland entity for SMEs; 2–50 partners; liability limited to capital contribution; managed by appointed manager(s). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                            |
| Single-Person Company                    | —            | One-person limited-liability company under Law No. 11 of 2015; sole owner bears no personal liability beyond capital contribution; registered with MoCI. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                      |
| Private Shareholding Company             | PSC          | Closed joint-stock company; minimum 5 founders; share capital ≥ QR 2,000,000; shares not publicly listed or freely tradable without shareholder approval. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                            |
| Public Shareholding Company              | QSC          | Public joint-stock company; share capital divided into equal tradable shares; listed or eligible for listing on Qatar Stock Exchange; governed by a board of 5–11 directors. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                             |
| General Partnership                      | —            | Two or more natural persons trading under a collective name; all partners jointly and severally liable for all company obligations with personal assets. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                    |
| Simple Limited Partnership               | —            | Two classes of partners: one or more general partners with unlimited joint liability, and one or more silent/limited partners liable only to the extent of their capital contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                      |
| Partnership Limited by Shares            | —            | Hybrid form: one or more active partners with unlimited joint liability, plus one or more non-active partners whose liability is limited to their transferable share capital; minimum capital QR 1,000,000. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership. |
| Sole Proprietorship                      | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name or a trade name; no separate legal entity; owner bears full personal liability; registered with MoCI. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                    |
| Branch of Foreign Company                | —            | Extension of a foreign parent; not a separate legal entity; parent bears all liabilities; requires MoCI approval and a local agent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                       |
| Representative Office of Foreign Company | —            | Foreign company presence for market research and liaison only; may not conduct commercial activities or generate income; not a separate legal entity. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                     |
| QFC Limited Liability Company            | QFC LLC      | Common-law entity incorporated under QFC Companies Regulations; no minimum share capital for non-regulated activities; governed by QFC law, not mainland Civil Code. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                        |
| QFC Limited Liability Partnership        | QFC LLP      | Common-law partnership under QFC Regulations; separate legal entity; all members have limited liability; minimum two members of any nationality. Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                                            |
| QFC Limited Partnership                  | QFC LP       | Common-law limited partnership under QFC Regulations; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one limited partner; separate legal entity. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                 |
| QFC Foundation                           | —            | QFC-specific legal entity used for asset protection, estate planning, and succession; has legal personality and may hold assets and enter contracts; not a trading vehicle. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust.                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                         |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Commercial Registration Certificate (CRC) — MoCI                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                                     |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Tax Registration Certificate · Tax Identification Number Certificate — GTA |
| Operating Permit       | Municipal Trade License                                                                  |
| Ownership Records      | MoA shareholder schedule                                                                 |
| Governance Records     | Manager/Director List (CR Extract or MoA)                                                |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Attested Tenancy Contract · Kahramaa Bill · كشف حساب بنكي                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                             | Proves                                         |
| ---------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| **Commercial Registration Certificate (CRC) — MoCI** | Legal Registration                             |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (MoA/AoA)**   | Constitutive Documents                         |
| **Tax Registration Certificate**                     | Tax Registration                               |
| **Tax Identification Number Certificate — GTA**      | Tax Registration                               |
| **Municipal Trade License (Baladiya)**               | Operating Permit                               |
| **MoA shareholder schedule**                         | Ownership Records                              |
| **Manager/Director List (CR Extract or MoA)**        | Governance Records                             |
| **Board Resolution**                                 | Signing Authority                              |
| **Attested Tenancy Contract**                        | Address                                        |
| **Kahramaa Bill (خلال 90 يومًا)**                    | Address                                        |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**                    | Address                                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                          | QCB licence, QFMA licence, QFCRA Authorisation |

**Not applicable in Qatar:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Contains CR number, legal form, activities, registered date. QFC entities: QFC Certificate of Incorporation from CRO.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Must be notarised and authenticated by Ministry of Justice; filed at MoCI on incorporation. QFC: Constitution / Incorporation Document filed with CRO.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued via Dhareeba portal (dhareeba.gov.qa). No VAT certificate exists as VAT is not yet in force.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Ministry of Municipality; premises-specific; renewed annually with attested lease.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated-sector entities. QFCRA Authorisation Certificate is the QFC-sector equivalent.
* **Ownership Records:** WLL: partner details in notarised MoA. QSC: shareholder register in governance filings. QFC: shareholder register on QFC CRO public register.
* **Governance Records:** WLL: manager(s) named in MoA. QSC: board members listed in CR and governance filings. QFC LLC: Director and Secretary on CRO register.
* **Signing Authority:** Foreign-signed POAs require notarisation, legalisation (embassy chain — Qatar is not a Hague Apostille party), and Arabic translation.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Manager (Mudir — WLL)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed in MoA; has full management authority unless restricted; binds company in day-to-day operations. |
| General Manager (QSC)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer appointed by board; day-to-day authority.                                                |
| Board Member / Director (QSC)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Elected board member of public/closed shareholding company; governance role.                               |
| Chairman of the Board (QSC)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over board; may delegate to senior management under Law No. 8 of 2021.                            |
| POA Holder / Authorised Signatory | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Named in notarised POA or board resolution; authorised to bind the company.                                |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                 | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Qatari / Non-Qatari ownership split` | founder    | Certain activities remain restricted under Law No. 1 of 2019 on Foreign Investment and its amendment; MOCI verifies Qatari partner percentage at CR issuance. |

## Notes

* Mainland vs. QFC bifurcation is hard: A QFC-registered entity has no MoCI CR number — it has a QFC CRO number and is governed by common law. Collect jurisdiction indicator at onboarding; do not apply mainland document checklist to QFC entities.
* Qatar is not a Hague Apostille party. Documents executed abroad for use in Qatar (and vice versa) require full embassy legalisation chain — no apostille shortcut. Verify at HCCH Status Table before accepting apostilled documents.
* No VAT in Qatar as of 2026-05-06. Despite the 2015 GCC VAT Framework, Qatar has not enacted VAT legislation. Do not request a VAT registration certificate — it does not exist.
* 100% foreign ownership is now permissible on the mainland for most sectors under Law No. 1 of 2019; however restricted sectors still require ≥51% Qatari partner. Collect ownership split evidence for all mainland WLLs regardless.


# Republic of the Congo
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/republic-of-congo

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Republic of the Congo (COG) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | CG / COG                                                                     |
| Registry     | [RCCM (Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier)](https://rccm.ohada.org/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Republic of the Congo and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                      |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIU**         | DGI République du Congo                     |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce (OHADA RCCM) |

*Tax ID:* Numéro d'Identifiant Unique issued by DGI.

*Registration number:* OHADA Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier number.

## Sector regulators

`BEAC` · `COSUMAF` · `COBAC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company requiring a board and minimum capital of FCFA 10,000,000 (non-listed); governed by OHADA AUSCGIE Art. 385–853. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                               |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Simplified share-capital company with flexible bylaws and no minimum capital requirement; shares are not freely tradable on public markets. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                        |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company; the default SME vehicle under OHADA, with liability capped at each member's contribution and no minimum capital. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                   |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners are merchants bearing unlimited joint and several liability for company debts. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                             |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner liable only to the extent of their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                  |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | —            | OHADA individual-entrepreneur status for a single natural person carrying on a small commercial, artisanal, or service activity; declared (not incorporated) at the RCCM with a simplified regime. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.        |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest group formed by two or more persons to facilitate or develop members' economic activity; has legal personality but is not a commercial company. Closest US equivalent: a contractual joint venture or statutory Business Trust. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | Attestation NIU                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Patente                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions  |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'AG · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                                                           |
| ----------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                    | Legal Registration, Governance Records                           |
| **Statuts (marital info req.)**     | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records    |
| **Attestation NIU**                 | Tax Registration                                                 |
| **Patente**                         | Operating Permit                                                 |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**    | Ownership Records                                                |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**       | Ownership Records                                                |
| **PV de nomination**                | Governance Records                                               |
| **PV d'AG**                         | Signing Authority                                                |
| **Résolution du Conseil**           | Signing Authority                                                |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                                                          |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                                                          |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**         | BEAC, COSUMAF, COBAC — Commission Bancaire de l'Afrique Centrale |

**Not applicable in Republic of the Congo:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Ownership Records:** Statuts are required for all entity types. Collect Registre des Associés for SARLs, Registre des Actions for SAs.
* **Address:** Acceptable formats: lease agreement (no freshness limit), or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role        | Canonical API role     | Description                             |
| ----------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Gérant            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages the SARL. Legal representative. |
| Président         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the SAS.                          |
| Directeur Général | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day management in an SA.         |
| Administrateur    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board in an SA.           |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                               |
| ---------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital information for founders/shareholders. |

## Notes

* OHADA member; CEMAC zone — uses BEAC + COSUMAF.


# Romania
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/romania

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Romania (ROU) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | RO / ROU   |
| Registry     | ONRC       |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Romania and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                               | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **CUI (Codul Unic de Înregistrare) / CIF (Cod de Identificare Fiscală)** | ANAF   |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Număr de ordine în Registrul Comerțului (J/F/C number)**               | ONRC   |

*Tax ID:* 2–10 digit numeric. VAT-registered entities prefix "RO" (e.g., RO12345678) for intra-community use. CUI = CIF for most legal entities.

*Registration number:* Format J\[county code]/\[sequence]/\[year], e.g., J40/1234/2020. "J" = judiciar (court district); "F" = filiale (branches); "C" = cooperatives.

## Sector regulators

`BNR` · `ASF` · `ONRC` · `ANAF` · `ONPCSB`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Societate cu Răspundere Limitată   | SRL          | Quota-based limited-liability company with 1–50 associates; minimum capital RON 500 (Law 239/2025, eff. 2025-12-18); liability limited to subscribed capital. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                       |
| Societate pe Acțiuni               | SA           | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum capital RON 90,000; mandatory board structure (monistic or two-tier). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                           |
| Societate în Comandită pe Acțiuni  | SCA          | Partnership limited by shares; minimum capital RON 90,000; comanditați (general partners, unlimited liability) manage; comanditari (limited partners) hold freely transferable shares. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                           |
| Societate în Comandită Simplă      | SCS          | Limited partnership; comanditați manage with unlimited liability; comanditari liable only to their contribution; no minimum capital. Closest US equivalent: LP.                                                                                             |
| Societate în Nume Colectiv         | SNC          | General partnership; all partners jointly and unlimitedly liable for company obligations; no minimum capital; rare in practice. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                            |
| Persoană Fizică Autorizată         | PFA          | Authorized sole trader; not a separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability; registered with ONRC under OUG 44/2008. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                              |
| Întreprindere Individuală          | II           | Individual enterprise; not a separate legal entity; single natural-person owner with unlimited liability; registered with ONRC under OUG 44/2008; may employ up to 8 staff. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                         |
| Întreprindere Familială            | IF           | Family enterprise; two or more family members conducting economic activity without legal personality; all members bear unlimited joint liability; cannot hire third parties; registered under OUG 44/2008. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). |
| Societate Cooperativă              | SC           | Cooperative society organized under Law 1/2005; member-owned entity pursuing shared economic or social goals; members liable to subscribed shares only; governed by general assembly. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                   |
| Sucursală a unei societăți străine | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered with ONRC; not a separate legal entity; the foreign parent bears full liability for branch obligations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                           |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificat de Înregistrare + Certificat Constatator        |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Actul Constitutiv · Statut                                   |
| Tax Registration       | Certificat de Înregistrare Fiscală                                         |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Autorizație · Acord de Funcționare                           |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Registrul Asociatilor · Registrul Actionarilor               |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Certificat Constatator + Actul Constitutiv                 |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Hotararea AGA · Hotararea CA · Procura notariala             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contract de locațiune · Factură de utilități · Extras bancar |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                           | Proves                                                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificat de Înregistrare**                                     | Legal Registration                                                                                   |
| **Certificat Constatator (ONRC)**                                  | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                               |
| **Actul Constitutiv (SRL)**                                        | Constitutive Documents, Governance Records                                                           |
| **Statut (SA)**                                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                               |
| **Certificat de Înregistrare Fiscală (CUI / CIF, ANAF)**           | Tax Registration                                                                                     |
| **Autorizație de funcționare (municipal operating authorisation)** | Operating Permit                                                                                     |
| **Acord de Funcționare (primărie)**                                | Operating Permit                                                                                     |
| **Registrul Asociaților (SRL)**                                    | Ownership Records                                                                                    |
| **Registrul Acționarilor (SA)**                                    | Ownership Records                                                                                    |
| **Hotărârea AGA (general assembly resolution)**                    | Signing Authority                                                                                    |
| **Hotărârea CA (board resolution)**                                | Signing Authority                                                                                    |
| **Procură notarială (notarized POA)**                              | Signing Authority                                                                                    |
| **Contract de locațiune**                                          | Address                                                                                              |
| **Factură de utilități (≤90 zile)**                                | Address                                                                                              |
| **Extras bancar (≤90 zile)**                                       | Address                                                                                              |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                        | Autorizație BNR (banking, payments, e-money), Autorizație ASF (capital markets, insurance, pensions) |

**Not applicable in Romania:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Certificat Constatator is the live-status extract used for KYB; available online via myportal.onrc.ro
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single document; includes share capital, object of activity, associate/shareholder names, governance rules
* **Tax Registration:** VAT certificate separate if VAT-registered: "Certificat de Înregistrare în scopuri de TVA"
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local town hall; required for each operating location; based on Certificat Constatator
* **Sector-Specific License:** MiCA grandfathering window for qualifying incumbents (registered pre-30 Dec 2024, ASF dossier by 31 Dec 2025) ends 2026-06-24; full MiCA license required thereafter
* **Governance Records:** SA (monistic): Consiliu de Administrație; SA (dualistic): Directorat + Consiliu de Supraveghere. Changes registered via ONRC mention (mențiune)
* **Signing Authority:** Standard is a notarized power of attorney or a certified board resolution; must be apostilled for cross-border use (Romania is a Hague Convention Apostille party).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                              |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Administrator (SRL / SA monistic) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed by general assembly; day-to-day management and legal representation authority  |
| Director General / Director (SA)  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer under the monistic CA or dualistic Directorat; operational authority   |
| Membru Consiliu de Administrație  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the Board of Directors (CA) in SA monistic system; governance role             |
| Membru Consiliu de Supraveghere   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of Supervisory Board in SA dualistic system; oversight of Directorat              |
| Comanditat (SCS / SCA)            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | General partner with unlimited liability; manages and legally represents the partnership |
| Reprezentant Legal                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person formally empowered (via AGA resolution or POA) to legally bind the entity         |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                                        | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `CAEN activity code (classification of economic activities)` | founder    | ONRC registration requires stating CAEN codes; codes determine applicable regulatory regime and municipal authorization scope |

## Notes

* SRL minimum capital raised to RON 500 (Law 239/2025, eff. 2025-12-18): prior floor was 1 leu (Law 223/2020 abolished the RON 200 floor in Nov 2020); existing SRLs with net turnover >RON 400,000 must increase to RON 5,000 within two years (by 2027-12-18). Verify capital in Certificat Constatator.
* Certificat Constatator is the operative KYB extract: the Certificat de Înregistrare is issued once at incorporation; the Certificat Constatator is the live snapshot. Always request a fresh Certificat Constatator — not older than 30 days for most counterparties.
* SA dualistic system requires both Directorat and Supervisory Board: when onboarding an SA using the two-tier structure, directors (Directorat members) and board members (Consiliu de Supraveghere) are distinct — both sets of persons need to be collected and role-mapped separately.


# Rwanda
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/rwanda

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Rwanda (RWA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                          |
| ------------ | ------------------------------ |
| Region       | Africa                         |
| ISO 3166-1   | RW / RWA                       |
| Registry     | Rwanda Development Board (RDB) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Rwanda and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name       | Issuer                         |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Company Code** | RDB (Rwanda Development Board) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Code** | RDB (Rwanda Development Board) |

*Tax ID:* Single TIN / Company Code issued by RDB at incorporation — used for tax and registry.

*Registration number:* Single TIN / Company Code issued by RDB at incorporation — used for tax and registry.

## Sector regulators

`BNR` · `CMA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                              | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| --------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Company Limited by Shares               | Ltd          | Closely-held private company with limited shareholder liability; the default SME incorporation vehicle in Rwanda. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                              |
| Public Limited Company                  | PLC          | Share-capital company whose shares may be publicly traded and listed on a stock exchange; subject to enhanced disclosure requirements. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                      |
| Company Limited by Guarantee            | —            | Members pledge a fixed guarantee amount instead of holding shares; typically used for nonprofits and charitable organizations. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                               |
| Company Limited by Shares and Guarantee | —            | Hybrid company combining share-holding members and guarantee members; rare domestic form under the Companies Act. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                           |
| Unlimited Company                       | —            | Incorporated entity where members bear unlimited joint liability for company debts; rarely used in practice. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                |
| Individual Enterprise                   | —            | Unincorporated sole-trader registration for a single natural person; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                 |
| General Partnership                     | —            | Unincorporated partnership formed by two or more persons with shared management and unlimited joint liability. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                 |
| Limited Partnership                     | LP           | Partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                |
| Cooperative                             | —            | Member-owned and member-controlled entity governed by cooperative law; profits distributed based on member participation. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                              |
| Foreign Company Branch                  | —            | Branch or representative office of a company already incorporated outside Rwanda; has no separate legal personality and the parent company bears full liability. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Domestic Company                               |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum of Association                                     |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Trading License                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Articles of Association + RDB extract         |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Articles of Association + RDB extract         |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                     | Proves                                                                                      |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Domestic Company (RDB)**                                    | Legal Registration                                                                          |
| **Memorandum of Association (mandatory primary constitutive document, RDB)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                      |
| **TIN Certificate (= Company Code, RDB)**                                    | Tax Registration                                                                            |
| **Trading License (district)**                                               | Operating Permit                                                                            |
| **AoA**                                                                      | Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                       |
| **RDB extract**                                                              | Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                       |
| **Board Resolution**                                                         | Signing Authority                                                                           |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                          | Address                                                                                     |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                              | Address                                                                                     |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                            | Address                                                                                     |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (RDB)**                                       | Good Standing                                                                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                  | National Bank of Rwanda (BNR) Licence, Capital Market Authority Rwanda (CMA-Rwanda) Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Office of the Registrar General within the Rwanda Development Board. Downloadable from the applicant's RDB online account; carries a serial number verifiable via rdb.rw. Request a copy dated within 30 days for banking use.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description   |
| ---------- | -------------------- | ------------- |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. |

## Notes

* TIN is the same number as the company registration code (Company Code) issued by RDB.


# Saint Kitts and Nevis
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/saint-kitts-and-nevis

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Saint Kitts and Nevis (KNA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | KN / KNA                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Registry     | [Financial Services Regulatory Commission (FSRC) — Registrar of Companies (St. Kitts) and Registrar of Corporations / Registrar of Limited Liability Companies (Nevis)](https://www.fsrc.kn) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Saint Kitts and Nevis and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                                        | Issuer                                                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) / Business and Occupation Licence Number** | Saint Christopher and Nevis Inland Revenue Department (SKNIRD)                                                            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number / Corporation Number**                              | Financial Services Regulatory Commission (FSRC) — Registrar of Companies (St. Kitts) or Registrar of Corporations (Nevis) |

*Tax ID:* TIN issued by SKNIRD upon registration for tax under the Income Tax Act. Also required to obtain a Business and Occupation Licence under the Licences on Businesses and Occupations Act Cap. 18.20 before commencing domestic operations; the licence number is the primary fiscal identifier on the licence certificate. The TIN tax-account number is structured as the base TIN concatenated with a two-digit tax-type suffix (e.g., '04' for Corporate Income Tax, '45' for VAT, '36' for Withholding Tax). No publicly confirmed fixed digit count; format appears to be a variable-length numeric assigned sequentially. Nevis IBCs and LLCs incorporated on or after January 1, 2019 are subject to the standard corporate income tax framework and must register with SKNIRD. All Nevis IBCs and LLCs — including those with zero Saint Kitts and Nevis-source income — must file an annual CIT-101 simplified tax return (mandatory since August 26, 2020) and may carry a SKNIRD-assigned TIN as a result. Nevis entities with no Saint Kitts and Nevis permanent establishment and exclusively foreign-sourced income still face zero tax liability under the non-resident sourcing rules but are not exempt from the annual CIT-101 filing obligation.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation. St. Kitts companies registered under the Companies Act Cap. 21.03 receive a number issued by the FSRC Registrar of Companies. Nevis IBCs are assigned a Registration Number by the Nevis Registrar of Corporations under the Nevis Business Corporation Ordinance (NBCO) 1984. Nevis LLCs receive a number from the Registrar of Limited Liability Companies under the Nevis Limited Liability Company Ordinance (NLLCO) 1995. Number appears on the Certificate of Incorporation / Articles of Incorporation endorsement and all subsequent filings. No publicly confirmed fixed format; numeric sequential assignment for both registries.

## Sector regulators

`FSRC (Financial Services Regulatory Commission — St. Kitts)` · `NFSRC (Nevis Financial Services Regulatory Commission)` · `SKNIRD (Saint Christopher and Nevis Inland Revenue Department)` · `FIU (Financial Intelligence Unit — fiu.kn)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the federal Companies Act Cap. 21.03 (No. 22 of 1996) with the FSRC Registrar of Companies in St. Kitts; share transfer is restricted by articles; membership capped at 50; may not offer shares to the public; the standard domestic SME vehicle and the structure used for local operating entities on St. Kitts. Requires a registered office on St. Kitts. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | Plc          | Incorporated under the federal Companies Act Cap. 21.03; shares may be offered to the public; subject to enhanced disclosure and governance obligations; listed shares may trade on an exchange. Very rare in this small-island context. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Exempt Company                    | —            | A category created under the federal Companies Act Cap. 21.03 allowing a company to be exempt from certain local taxation and disclosure requirements, provided it does not carry on business within the Federation and its shareholders are non-resident. Files with the FSRC Registrar of Companies in St. Kitts. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Nevis Business Corporation        | IBC / NBC    | Incorporated under the Nevis Business Corporation Ordinance (NBCO) 1984 (Cap. 7.01(N)), as amended (most recently by Amendment Ordinance 2023 prohibiting bearer shares); based on Delaware corporate law principles; governed by Articles of Incorporation filed with the Nevis Registrar of Corporations; shareholders and directors may be of any nationality; register of members not public; bearer shares abolished effective 2023. Used primarily for international holding, trading, and financing structures. Requires a licensed registered agent in Nevis at all times. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                  |
| Nevis Limited Liability Company   | LLC          | Formed under the Nevis Limited Liability Company Ordinance (NLLCO) 1995 (Cap. 7.04(N)), as amended (Amendment Ordinance No. 3 of 2023; Amendment Ordinance No. 4 of 2025); Articles of Organisation filed with the Nevis Registrar of Limited Liability Companies; single-member or multi-member; member-managed or manager-managed; no share capital; members hold membership interests (not shares); strong charging-order protection; no mandatory written operating agreement unless required by the Articles. Used extensively for offshore asset protection, real estate holding, and joint ventures. Requires a licensed registered agent in Nevis. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Nevis Limited Partnership         | LP           | Formed under the Nevis Limited Partnerships Ordinance; Articles of Formation filed with the Nevis Registrar; at least two partners required (one general, one limited); no initial capital requirement; governed by a written partnership agreement; general partner bears unlimited liability; limited partners' liability is capped at their capital contribution; requires a licensed registered agent in Nevis. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business in the Federation with joint and several unlimited liability; registered with the FSRC under the federal Companies Act framework or under relevant partnership legislation; business name registered with the Registrar. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Nevis Multiform Foundation        | —            | Established under the Nevis Multiform Foundations Ordinance 2004 (Cap. 7.08(N)); a non-membership legal entity registered with the Nevis Registrar; may elect to operate in one of four forms — foundation form (classic private foundation), trust form (trustee-based), company form (corporate governance), or partnership form (managing partner model); can change form during its lifetime without losing legal identity; no shareholders or members; used for estate planning, asset protection, and structured wealth management. Requires a licensed registered agent in Nevis. Closest US equivalent: Statutory purpose trust or private foundation.                     |
| Nevis International Exempt Trust  | —            | Governed by the Nevis International Exempt Trust Ordinance (Cap. 7.03(N)), as amended (most recently by SRO 12 of 2024); settlor and beneficiaries must be non-residents of the Federation; trust assets may not include Federation real property; at least one trustee must be a Nevis-licensed entity (NBC, LLC, or Multiform Foundation); no local taxes on income or distributions; foreign judgments against the trust are not recognized and creditors must relitigate in Nevis courts; fraudulent conveyance claims limited to 1–2 years. Primarily used for offshore estate planning and asset protection. Closest US equivalent: Irrevocable offshore trust.              |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | A single natural person conducting business in the Federation; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; must obtain a Business and Occupation Licence from SKNIRD under the Licences on Businesses and Occupations Act Cap. 18.20 and register any trading name other than the owner's own name. Must register with SKNIRD for Unincorporated Business Tax (UBT). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Branch of Foreign Company         | —            | A foreign corporation carrying on business in the Federation that registers with the FSRC under the federal Companies Act Cap. 21.03; not a separate legal entity from the parent; the foreign parent bears full liability; must file certified constitutive documents, list of directors, and registered office address with the FSRC. Closest US equivalent: Foreign corporation branch office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation · Articles of Organisation                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Memorandum & Articles of Association · Articles of Incorporation · Articles of Organisation *(optional: Operating Agreement)* |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Business and Occupation Licence · TIN Registration Confirmation                                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Business and Occupation Licence                                                                                                             |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                                                         |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                                                                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                                                               |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Certificate of Good Standing                                                                   |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                | Proves                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (St. Kitts — Companies Act Cap. 21.03)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (Nevis Business Corporation — NBCO)**    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                            |
| **Articles of Organisation (Nevis LLC — NLLCO)**                        | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                            |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (St. Kitts company)**            | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                        |
| **Articles of Incorporation (Nevis Business Corporation)**              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                        |
| **Articles of Organisation (Nevis LLC)**                                | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                        |
| **Operating Agreement (Nevis LLC — internal governance)**               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                        |
| **Business and Occupation Licence**                                     | Tax Registration, Operating Permit                                                                                                                            |
| **TIN Registration Confirmation Letter (SKNIRD)**                       | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                              |
| **Register of Members / Register of Shareholders**                      | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                             |
| **Register of Directors and Officers**                                  | Governance Records                                                                                                                                            |
| **Board Resolution**                                                    | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                             |
| **Power of Attorney**                                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                             |
| **Utility Bill (not older than 90 days)**                               | Address                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Bank Statement (not older than 90 days)**                             | Address                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                     | Address                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (St. Kitts — FSRC)**                     | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (Nevis — Registrar of Corporations)**    | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                             | FSRC St. Kitts Licence (banking / insurance / MSB / gaming / trust), Nevis FSRC Licence (offshore banking / international insurance / trust service provider) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** St. Kitts companies (Companies Act Cap. 21.03): FSRC Registrar of Companies issues a Certificate of Incorporation bearing the company name, registration number, date, and Registrar's seal and signature. Nevis IBCs (NBCO): Registrar of Corporations issues a Certificate of Incorporation or returns a duplicate original of the Articles of Incorporation with an Endorsement Certificate bearing the company name, registration number, date, and Registrar's seal. Nevis LLCs (NLLCO): Registrar issues a Certificate of Organisation or endorsed Articles of Organisation. All certificates can be apostilled for international use through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or Deputy Registrar.
* **Constitutive Documents:** St. Kitts companies (Companies Act Cap. 21.03): incorporators deliver a Memorandum of Association plus Articles of Association (if differing from model articles) to the FSRC Registrar of Companies. Nevis IBCs (NBCO): incorporators file Articles of Incorporation with the Nevis Registrar of Corporations; Articles must state corporate name, registered agent, registered office, share capital and classes, purpose, and incorporator details. Nevis LLCs (NLLCO): Articles of Organisation are filed; a written Operating Agreement is optional unless required by the Articles, and need not be filed — it governs the LLC's internal affairs and the rights of members. For KYB, Conduit will primarily see Nevis IBC Articles of Incorporation and Nevis LLC Articles of Organisation.
* **Tax Registration:** Domestic operating entities must obtain a Business and Occupation Licence from SKNIRD under the Licences on Businesses and Occupations Act Cap. 18.20; the licence certificate must be displayed at the business premises; renewal is mandatory annually before January 31. SKNIRD also issues a TIN registration confirmation upon taxpayer enrollment; the TIN tax account number appears on all correspondence and tax returns. Nevis IBCs and LLCs are required to file an annual CIT-101 simplified corporate tax return with SKNIRD (mandatory since August 26, 2020) even where no Saint Kitts and Nevis-source income exists and no tax is payable. These entities may therefore hold a SKNIRD-assigned TIN. For KYB purposes, the appropriate tax document for a Nevis IBC or LLC with zero local-source income is: (a) the most recent CIT-101 filing confirmation from SKNIRD, and (b) the registered agent's written confirmation that the entity has no Saint Kitts and Nevis permanent establishment and all income is foreign-sourced. Do not treat the absence of a Business and Occupation Licence as the definitive indicator of offshore tax status.
* **Operating Permit:** Under the Licences on Businesses and Occupations Act Cap. 18.20, every person wishing to carry on a business, occupation, or trade in the Federation must obtain a Business and Occupation Licence from SKNIRD before commencing. The licence is location-specific and must be renewed annually by 31 January. This is the general general business permission — sector-specific permissions (banking, insurance, MSB) are additional and captured under regulatory\_license. For purely offshore entities (Nevis IBCs, Nevis LLCs) conducting no domestic business, no operating licence is required.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The FSRC (St. Kitts branch, fsrc.kn) licenses and supervises: domestic banks; credit unions; domestic insurance entities; money services businesses (Class A: transmission of money; Class B/C: other MSB activities) under the Money Services Act No. 26 of 2008; escrow agents; gaming entities (casinos, lotteries, internet gaming, slot parlours); fiduciary/trust service providers. The Nevis FSRC (nevisfsrc.com) licenses: international banks under the Nevis International Banking Ordinance Cap. 7.05(N); international insurance entities and insurance managers; trust and corporate service providers under the Nevis Trust and Corporate Service Providers Ordinance; money services businesses. Financial Intelligence Unit (fiu.kn): AML/CFT oversight for all regulated businesses.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. Nevis IBC or St. Kitts company: a board resolution on company letterhead — signed by the directors and citing the corporate authority — is the standard instrument authorizing a named signatory to act. Nevis LLC: a manager's or member's resolution serves the equivalent purpose. A notarized Power of Attorney is used to delegate authority externally. Documents executed abroad may require apostille or notarization depending on the receiving jurisdiction. Saint Kitts and Nevis acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention; apostilles are available through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
* **Good Standing:** St. Kitts companies: issued by the FSRC Registrar of Companies; confirms the company is duly registered and in good standing, has not been struck off, and is not in dissolution or winding-up. Nevis IBCs: issued by the Nevis Registrar of Corporations; states that the corporation was duly formed and existence commenced under the Nevis Business Corporation Ordinance, is in good standing, and has not filed dissolution articles. Certificate includes company name, registration number, date of incorporation, and an official stamp, seal, and authorized officer signature; verifiable on the Registrar of Corporations website using the certificate ID. Nevis LLCs: equivalent certificate issued by the Registrar of Limited Liability Companies. All certificates are apostillable for international use through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the Deputy Registrar.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director / Officer                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage the business and affairs of a Nevis IBC or St. Kitts company; may be of any nationality and reside anywhere; details included in the Register of Directors held by the registered agent; for St. Kitts companies, director changes are notified to the FSRC. |
| Manager / Managing Member               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | In a Nevis LLC, the manager (if manager-managed) or managing member (if member-managed) exercises operational authority over the LLC; details held by the registered agent; may be the same person as a member.                                                                  |
| Authorized Signatory / Attorney-in-Fact | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board/manager resolution or notarized power of attorney to legally bind the entity; authority documented in the corporate resolution or POA instrument.                                                                                                 |

## Notes

* Saint Kitts and Nevis has a dual-registry structure. St. Kitts entities are registered under federal law (Companies Act Cap. 21.03) with the FSRC in Basseterre. Nevis entities are registered under autonomous Nevis island legislation (NBCO, NLLCO, Nevis LP Ordinance, Nevis Multiform Foundations Ordinance, Nevis International Exempt Trust Ordinance) with the Nevis FSRC in Charlestown. For KYB purposes, confirm which island's registry issued the entity — the certificate of incorporation will name the issuing Registrar.
* Nevis bearer shares abolished. The Nevis Business Corporation (Amendment) Ordinance 2023 (effective 24 August 2023) prohibits the issuance, conversion, or exchange of bearer shares; existing bearer shares must have been converted to registered shares within six months. Any Nevis IBC certificate older than August 2023 should be checked for bearer share conversion compliance.
* Nevis IBC and LLC tax status — post-2021 position. The blanket offshore tax exemption for Nevis IBCs and LLCs was abolished effective January 1, 2019 for newly incorporated entities (Income Tax (Amendment) Act 2019) and the grandfathering provision for pre-2019 entities expired June 30, 2021 (Income Tax (Amendment) Act 2021). From July 1, 2021, all Nevis IBCs and LLCs are assessed under the standard corporate income tax framework at a rate of 33%. A non-resident Nevis entity — one whose central management and control is located entirely outside the Federation and which has no permanent establishment in Saint Kitts and Nevis — is taxable only on Saint Kitts and Nevis-sourced income; if all income is foreign-sourced, the effective tax liability is zero. However, this is a non-resident sourcing exemption, not an entity-class exemption. All Nevis IBCs and LLCs are required to file the CIT-101 simplified corporate tax return annually (mandatory since August 26, 2020) regardless of tax liability. As a result, such entities may hold a SKNIRD TIN assigned upon CIT-101 enrollment. For KYB purposes, request (a) evidence of annual CIT-101 filing, and (b) the registered agent's written confirmation of non-resident, no-local-source-income status as the basis for zero tax liability. Do not treat absence of a Business and Occupation Licence as definitive proof of exempt status.
* Apostille available. Saint Kitts and Nevis is a party to the Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement for Legalisation of Foreign Public Documents; apostilles are issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the Deputy Registrar. Corporate documents (certificate of incorporation, certificate of good standing, articles) are routinely apostilled for international use.
* Virtual assets legislation. Saint Kitts and Nevis enacted Virtual Asset legislation with 2024 amendments to bring it further in line with FATF standards on VASPs. VASPs operating in or from the Federation must register with and be licensed by the FSRC.


# Saint Lucia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/saint-lucia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Saint Lucia (LCA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                           |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                   |
| ISO 3166-1   | LC / LCA                                                                        |
| Registry     | [Registry of Companies and Intellectual Property (ROCIP)](https://rocip.gov.lc) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Saint Lucia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Inland Revenue Department (IRD)                         |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Registry of Companies and Intellectual Property (ROCIP) |

*Tax ID:* Six-digit numeric identifier issued by the IRD to every taxpayer (individual or legal entity) upon registration; remains assigned for the entity's lifetime. Each TIN may have multiple Tax Account Numbers (TANs) appended as two-digit suffixes (e.g. TIN 123456, TAN 123456-01 = Corporate Income Tax, TAN 123456-27 = VAT). Mandatory on tax returns, remittance forms, Customs declarations, and certain bank account applications. Issued under the Income Tax Act Cap. 15.02. Effective 1 July 2021, all IBCs are deemed resident companies subject to corporate income tax at 30% (or 1% by irrevocable election); TIN registration with the IRD is mandatory for all IBCs within 30 days of incorporation.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier assigned by the Registrar of Companies at incorporation under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01 (domestic companies and LLCs) or the International Business Companies Act Cap. 12.14 (IBCs). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all subsequent filings. No publicly confirmed fixed-length or prefix standard; appears as a plain integer assigned in sequence.

## Sector regulators

`Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA)` · `Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB)` · `Financial Intelligence Authority (FIA)` · `Inland Revenue Department (IRD)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares            | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01 (OECS Model Companies Act framework); share transfer restricted by articles; closely held; the default SME and domestic operating vehicle for Saint Lucia businesses. Requires registration with ROCIP; corporate income tax applies to locally sourced income. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                          |
| Public Company Limited by Shares             | Plc          | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01; shares may be offered to the public and listed on an exchange; subject to enhanced governance and public disclosure obligations. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Company Limited by Guarantee                 | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01; members' liability limited to a stated guarantee amount rather than unpaid share capital; used primarily by non-profit organisations, professional associations, and charities. No share capital is issued. Closest US equivalent: Non-profit corporation.                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Unlimited Company                            | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01; members bear unlimited liability for the company's obligations; used primarily for tax-planning or holding structures. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (without liability cap).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Limited Liability Company                    | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Companies Act Cap. 13.07 (enacted 2017); member-managed or manager-managed; no share capital requirement; constitutive document is the Articles of Organization; internal governance governed by an Operating Agreement. Tax-neutral on foreign-source income. Combines corporate limited liability with partnership-style flexibility. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                      |
| International Business Company               | IBC          | —                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| General Partnership                          | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together under the Registration of Business Names Act Cap. 13.03; no separate legal personality; partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; must register the business name with ROCIP. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Limited Partnership                          | LP           | Formed under the domestic Companies Act framework; one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; limited partners may not participate in management. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| International Partnership                    | —            | Formed under the International Partnership Act Cap. 12.21 (in force 15 July 2008); exclusively offshore; may be an international general partnership or an international limited partnership; at least one general partner bears unlimited liability; limited partners' liability capped at their contribution; a body corporate or another international partnership may be a partner; registered with FSRA through a licensed agent. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sole Proprietorship                          | —            | A single individual trading under their own account; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; must register any trading name other than the owner's own name with ROCIP under the Registration of Business Names Act Cap. 13.03; also must register with IRD for a TIN. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                          |
| International Trust                          | —            | Established under the International Trusts Act Cap. 12.19 (in force 4 September 2002); an agreement in writing with at least one licensed registered trustee resident in Saint Lucia; cannot hold real estate located in Saint Lucia; registered with FSRA; used for private wealth management, estate planning, and asset protection. Not a separate legal person in the traditional sense. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or asset-protection trust.                          |
| Branch of Foreign Company (External Company) | —            | A foreign corporation registered to conduct business in Saint Lucia under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01 (external company provisions); not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; must appoint a local agent and file certified corporate instruments with ROCIP. Closest US equivalent: Foreign corporation branch office.                                                                                                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + IBC Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Organization |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Articles of Organization                               |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Registration Certificate *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)*                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Trade Licence                                                                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Register of Members + IBC Register of Shareholders                                            |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                                 |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                                                                                          |
| ---------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**         | Legal Registration                                                                              |
| **IBC Certificate of Incorporation**     | Legal Registration                                                                              |
| **Certificate of Organization (LLC)**    | Legal Registration                                                                              |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents                                                                          |
| **Articles of Organization (LLC)**       | Constitutive Documents                                                                          |
| **TIN Registration Certificate**         | Tax Registration                                                                                |
| **VAT Registration Certificate**         | Tax Registration                                                                                |
| **Trade Licence**                        | Operating Permit                                                                                |
| **Register of Members**                  | Ownership Records                                                                               |
| **IBC Register of Shareholders**         | Ownership Records                                                                               |
| **Register of Directors**                | Governance Records                                                                              |
| **Board Resolution**                     | Signing Authority                                                                               |
| **Power of Attorney**                    | Signing Authority                                                                               |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**          | Address                                                                                         |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**        | Address                                                                                         |
| **Lease Agreement**                      | Address                                                                                         |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**         | Good Standing                                                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**              | Financial Services Regulatory Authority Licence, Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Banking Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by ROCIP under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01 (domestic companies and LLCs) or under the International Business Companies Act Cap. 12.14 (IBCs). Contains company name, registration number, date of incorporation, and type of company. LLCs receive a Certificate of Organization. External companies receive a Certificate of Registration. IBCs receive a Certificate of Incorporation issued through the licensed registered agent. All domestic certificates are issued on ROCIP-headed paper, sealed by the Registrar of Companies.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Domestic companies incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01 file a Memorandum and Articles of Association with ROCIP at incorporation; these set out the company's name, objects, share capital, and governance rules. LLCs file Articles of Organization; the internal governance instrument is an Operating Agreement (private, not filed). IBCs file a Memorandum and Articles of Association with ROCIP through the registered agent; the memorandum must state the IBC name ending in 'International Business Company' or 'IBC'. All constitutive documents are kept at the registered office.
* **Tax Registration:** The IRD issues a TIN (up to six digits) upon registration; the TIN registration confirmation letter/certificate is the primary tax registration evidence. Businesses making taxable supplies meeting or exceeding XCD 400,000 in any 12-month period must register for VAT (standard rate 12.5%; 10% for hotel and related services; 7% for tourism accommodation services, effective 1 December 2020) and receive a VAT Registration Certificate. Effective 1 July 2021, all IBCs are deemed resident companies under the Income Tax Act and are subject to corporate income tax at 30%; no IBC may elect full income tax exemption. IBCs may irrevocably elect a 1% rate to obtain a Tax Residency Certificate for CARICOM treaty access. All IBCs must register with the IRD and file annual tax returns.
* **Operating Permit:** Saint Lucia requires a Trade Licence (issued by the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Consumer Affairs) for foreign-owned businesses — specifically companies where more than 49% of shares are owned by non-Saint Lucian or non-CARICOM nationals. The licence is issued annually (expiring 31 December) and costs EC$500–$1,000. Purely domestic companies owned by Saint Lucian or CARICOM nationals do not require a Trade Licence to operate. Conduit's customer base will likely include foreign-majority-owned entities requiring this licence, but the absence of the licence does not prevent incorporation — it is a condition of commencing trading operations.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA): regulates and issues licences for international banks, international insurance companies, international mutual funds, registered agents and trustees, money services businesses, credit unions, and virtual asset businesses under the Financial Services Regulatory Authority Act Cap. 12.07. Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB): supervises licensed commercial banks and deposit-taking entities in Saint Lucia as part of the OECS/ECCU monetary union (Banking Act). Financial Intelligence Authority (FIA): supervises AML/CFT compliance for all reporting entities under the Money Laundering (Prevention) Act Cap. 12.20.
* **Governance Records:** Domestic companies under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01 must maintain a Register of Directors at the registered office; changes filed with ROCIP. IBCs must maintain a Register of Directors at the registered agent's office; director information is confidential and not publicly searchable — only the registered agent's address is a public record. LLCs maintain a Register of Managers per the Limited Liability Companies Act Cap. 13.07. Annual returns submitted to ROCIP (domestic) or the registered agent (IBC) confirm current directors.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form. A board resolution on company letterhead — signed by the directors (and certified by the company secretary if applicable) — is the standard instrument authorizing a named signatory to act. A notarized Power of Attorney is used for external delegation. For LLCs, a manager's resolution in equivalent form is used. Saint Lucia acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention; documents may be apostilled for international use.
* **Address:** Standard KYB practice: lease agreement (no time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Domestic utility providers include LUCELEC (Lucelec — Saint Lucia Electricity Services) and WASCO (Water and Sewerage Company Inc.). The document must show the company's registered or principal operating address in Saint Lucia.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by ROCIP (Registrar of Companies) for domestic companies and LLCs under the Companies Act Cap. 13.01; confirms the company is validly registered, current with annual return filings, and has paid all due fees. For IBCs, an equivalent Certificate of Good Standing is issued by the licensed registered agent (through the St. Lucia International Finance Centre / ROCIP); it confirms compliance with financial obligations under the International Business Companies Act Cap. 12.14. Documents may be apostilled for international use through the Attorney General's Chambers.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with executive authority over a company; named in the Register of Directors and in the Notice of Directors filed with ROCIP; at least one director required for domestic companies and IBCs. Directors of IBCs are confidential — not publicly recorded. |
| Manager (LLC)                                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Equivalent of a director in an LLC under the Limited Liability Companies Act Cap. 13.07; may be a member or an external appointment; responsible for day-to-day operations with fiduciary duties; at least one manager required.                                           |
| Authorized Signatory / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the company; no separate statutory definition — authority flows from the constitutive documents and any delegation instrument.                                                |

## Notes

* Saint Lucia has a dual company regime: domestic companies (Companies Act Cap. 13.01 + LLC Act Cap. 13.07) are subject to local corporate income tax and open to public inspection at ROCIP; IBCs (IBC Act Cap. 12.14) were historically tax-exempt but effective 1 July 2021 are deemed resident companies subject to corporate income tax at 30% (or 1% by irrevocable election) under the Income Tax Act, and must register with the IRD and file annual returns. Saint Lucia operates a territorial system — foreign-source income is excluded from the tax base for resident companies. IBCs remain subject to FSRA supervision through licensed registered agents and are subject to economic substance requirements under the Economic Substance Act No. 19 of 2019.
* The Trade Licence requirement applies exclusively to foreign-majority-owned businesses (non-Saint Lucian or non-CARICOM nationals owning more than 49% of shares). CARICOM nationals and Saint Lucian citizens are exempt. The licence is issued annually by the Ministry of Commerce and expires 31 December.
* Economic Substance Act No. 19 of 2019 requires entities conducting 'relevant activities' (banking, insurance, fund management, financing, leasing, HQ, shipping, IP holding) to demonstrate genuine economic substance in Saint Lucia and file an annual declaration. Non-compliance risks deregistration.
* Saint Lucia is a CARICOM member state and uses the Eastern Caribbean Dollar (XCD) pegged to USD at 2.70:1. It is a member of the OECS and uses the ECCB as its monetary authority and banking supervisor. FATCA/CRS compliance is administered by the IRD.
* Saint Lucia adopted the OECS Model Companies Act framework for domestic companies, which is closely aligned with the Caribbean common law tradition. The jurisdiction has French civil law influences on property/land tenure law (derived from the Code Napoléon era) but company law is firmly English common law.


# Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/saint-vincent-and-the-grenadines

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (VCT) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                   |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                           |
| ISO 3166-1   | VC / VCT                                                                |
| Registry     | [Commerce and Intellectual Property Office (CIPO)](https://cipo.gov.vc) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                              |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                           |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Inland Revenue Department (IRD)                  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Commerce and Intellectual Property Office (CIPO) |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit structured identifier in the format 99-999/9999, automatically generated by SIGTAS (the IRD's tax data management system) upon registration for any tax type. The core TIN is permanent; when an entity registers for additional tax types (e.g. VAT, PAYE) supplementary digits are appended to the root to distinguish each registration. Mandatory on all tax returns, payment receipts, and VAT filings. Issued under the Income Tax Act (Cap. 435) and Value Added Tax Act. Business Companies and LLCs registered through the FSA must separately register with the IRD to obtain a TIN. Corporate income tax rate is 28% (with a further reduction announced in the December 2025 budget); VAT registration is compulsory when annual taxable supplies exceed XCD 300,000.

*Registration number:* Sequential numeric identifier assigned by the Registrar of Companies at incorporation under the Companies Act, 1994 (domestic companies). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all subsequent CIPO filings (Forms 1, 4, 9, 28). For Business Companies and LLCs registered through the Financial Services Authority (FSA) under the International Business Companies (Amendment and Consolidation) Act (Cap. 149) and the Limited Liability Companies Act (Cap. 151), a separate registration number is assigned by the FSA Registrar. No publicly confirmed fixed-length or prefix standard for either registry; assigned sequentially.

## Sector regulators

`FSA` · `ECCB` · `ECSRC` · `FIU` · `IRD`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Company Limited by Shares   | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Act, 1994 (domestic CIPO registry); shares not freely transferable and the company may not offer shares to the public; minimum one director, minimum one shareholder; liability limited to paid-up share capital. The default SME and subsidiary incorporation vehicle for domestic business. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Public Company Limited by Shares    | Inc. / Corp. | Incorporated under the Companies Act, 1994 (CIPO); shares freely transferable and may be listed; minimum three individual directors and mandatory audited financial statements; subject to public filing obligations. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Company Limited by Guarantee        | —            | Non-share company incorporated under the Companies Act, 1994 (CIPO); members guarantee a nominal sum on winding up; used for charities, NGOs, professional bodies, and clubs; minimum three directors for non-profit designation. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Business Company                    | BC           | Formerly the International Business Company (IBC); now governed by the International Business Companies (Amendment and Consolidation) Act (Cap. 149), as amended by Act No. 36 of 2018 (eff. 2018-12-31). Registered through the Financial Services Authority (FSA) via a licensed Registered Agent. Bearer shares prohibited; minimum one director and one shareholder; no residency requirements; directors and shareholders may be from any jurisdiction. The IBC tax-exemption regime was abolished — companies now subject to territorial tax (only SVG-sourced income taxable). Large BCs (gross revenue > XCD 4M or assets > XCD 2M) must file audited financial statements. The dominant vehicle for international holding, trading, and investment structures. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Limited Liability Company           | LLC          | Formed under the Limited Liability Companies Act (Cap. 151), enacted 2008 (Act No. 36 of 2008); registered through the FSA via a licensed Registered Agent. Two permitted configurations: Single LLC (standard) and Series LLC (multiple ring-fenced series under one umbrella LLC). Governed by an Operating Agreement; member-managed or manager-managed; no share capital — members hold membership interests. Members, managers, and officers may be located anywhere globally. Closest US equivalent: LLC (with Series option analogous to a Series LLC in Delaware or Wyoming).                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Segregated Cell Company             | SCC          | Established under the International Business Companies (Amendment and Consolidation) Act (Cap. 149) as a variant of the Business Company; may create one or more Segregated Cells (SCs) with ring-fenced assets and liabilities, each maintained in separate books and accounts. Used primarily for mutual funds, captive insurance, and multi-class investment vehicles. Registered through the FSA. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| International Trust                 | —            | Created by written instrument under the International Trusts Act (Cap. 491); administered through a licensed Registered Trustee in SVG; used for private wealth management, estate planning, and asset protection. Not a legal entity in the corporate sense; assets vest in the trustee(s). Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or irrevocable trust.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Sole Proprietorship (Business Name) | —            | An individual carrying on business under a name other than their own legal name; registered with CIPO under the Registration of Business Names Act (Cap. 111). Registration must occur within 14 days of commencing business; CIPO issues a Certificate of Registration. No separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| General Partnership                 | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; registered under the Registration of Business Names Act (Cap. 111) at CIPO where a firm name other than the partners' own names is used. No statute of general partnerships distinct from the UK Partnership Act tradition inherited at independence. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| External (Foreign) Company          | —            | A foreign corporation or other body corporate registering to conduct business in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines under Part X of the Companies Act, 1994; must file Form 21 with CIPO, appoint a local attorney under Form 23 (Power of Attorney), and pay a XCD 3,000 registration fee. Not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch/representative office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                              |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation (Business Company) · Certificate of Formation (LLC) |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Articles of Formation · Memorandum and Articles of Association                      |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Registration Certificate                                                                  |
| Operating Permit       | Trader's Licence                                                                                                              |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                                           |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                                                                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                                 |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Certificate of Good Standing                                                     |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                           | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                   | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Certificate of Incorporation — FSA Business Company (BC)**       | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Certificate of Formation — FSA Limited Liability Company**       | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                                      | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Articles of Formation (LLC)**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association (Business Company / BC)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **TIN Certificate**                                                | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **VAT Registration Certificate**                                   | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Trader's Licence**                                               | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| **Register of Members**                                            | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Register of Directors**                                          | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Board Resolution**                                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Power of Attorney**                                              | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                    | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                  | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (CIPO — domestic company)**         | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (FSA — Business Company / BC)**     | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                        | FSA International Bank Licence (Class A or Class B), FSA Mutual Fund Licence, FSA Insurance Licence (International or Domestic), FSA Money Services Business Licence, FSA Virtual Asset Business Registration (VASP), FSA Registered Agent and Trustee Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** For domestic companies: issued by CIPO under the Companies Act, 1994 within approximately 2 working days of filing Articles of Incorporation (Form 1 for commercial; Form 2 for non-profit), Notice of Registered Office (Form 4), and Notice of Directors (Form 9). For Business Companies (BCs): issued by the FSA Registrar within 24 hours via a licensed Registered Agent under Cap. 149. For LLCs: FSA issues a Certificate of Formation under Cap. 151. All certificates confirm the entity name, registration number, and date of incorporation/formation. CIPO base incorporation fee: XCD 950; FSA BC registration fee: USD 125.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For domestic companies (CIPO): Articles of Incorporation (Form 1 for commercial companies; Form 2 for non-profits) constitute the primary constitutive document; must specify company name, share classes and authorized amounts, share transfer restrictions, number of directors, and any business restrictions. By-laws (adopted by the board post-incorporation) supplement the articles. For Business Companies (FSA/Cap. 149): Articles of Incorporation filed with the Registrar via a licensed agent; must specify name, registered office, authorized shares, and objects. For LLCs (FSA/Cap. 151): Articles of Formation (not Articles of Incorporation); the Operating Agreement governs management and profit/loss allocation and is the functional equivalent of by-laws.
* **Tax Registration:** The Inland Revenue Department (IRD) issues a TIN to every business entity upon registration for any tax type. The TIN is a 6–10 digit numeric code generated by SIGTAS. A separate VAT Registration Certificate is issued when annual taxable supplies exceed XCD 300,000 (standard VAT rate 16%, in effect since 1 May 2017). The TIN appears on all IRD-issued receipts, tax returns, and the VAT certificate. Entities incorporated through the FSA (BCs and LLCs) must register with the IRD independently to obtain a TIN; the FSA incorporation alone does not result in automatic TIN assignment.
* **Operating Permit:** A Trader's Licence is required for retail and wholesale trading activities; issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Commerce. There is no single general municipal operating permit required by all businesses; the trader's licence is the closest general-purpose operating authorization for commercial trading entities. Professional activities (doctors, lawyers, accountants) require a separate professional licence from the Income Tax Department. Service businesses (e.g. restaurants) may require sector-specific permits (e.g. food handler's licence from the Ministry of Health). Foreign nationals conducting business may additionally require an immigrant business licence. Because the trader's licence applies only to trading entities rather than to all businesses universally, this slot applies=true but only for relevant entity types.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Financial Services Authority (FSA), established under the Financial Services Authority Act, 2011 (No. 33 of 2011), issues sector-specific licences for: international banking (Class A and Class B under the International Banks Act, Cap. 99); mutual funds (Mutual Funds Act, Cap. 154); international insurance (International Insurance Act, Cap. 307; Insurance Act, Cap. 306 for domestic); money services businesses (Money Services Business Act, Cap. 260); credit unions and cooperative societies (Cooperatives Societies Act, 2012); building societies (Building Societies Act, Cap. 450); virtual asset businesses (Virtual Asset Business Act, 2022, eff. 2025-05-31); registered agents and trustees (Registered Agent & Trustee Licensing Act, Cap. 105). The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB) supervises domestic commercial banks. The Eastern Caribbean Securities Regulatory Commission (ECSRC) oversees securities activities. Entities not engaged in regulated activities do not require an FSA licence.
* **Governance Records:** Domestic companies (CIPO): Form 9 (Notice of Directors) filed at incorporation; changes within 15 days; the Register of Directors and Secretaries is maintained at the registered office and is not publicly searchable. Business Companies (FSA/Cap. 149): director notices required within 10 days of appointment or any change; maintained at the Registered Agent's office; not publicly accessible. LLCs (FSA/Cap. 151): manager/member information maintained by the Registered Agent. Registry information for domestic CIPO companies is filed on Form 9; the form captures full name, residential address, and substantive occupation of each director.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form; standard practice is a company-letterhead board resolution or a notarized power of attorney. For external companies registered at CIPO, a local attorney is appointed via Form 23 (Power of Attorney) as a condition of registration. For BCs and LLCs, board/member resolutions are retained at the Registered Agent's office per the filing history requirement.
* **Address:** No jurisdiction-specific statutory form is prescribed; standard KYB practice for SVG entities follows the same conventions as other Caribbean common-law jurisdictions: a lease agreement (no time limit) OR a utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Two parallel issuers: (1) For domestic companies under the Companies Act, 1994, the Certificate of Good Standing (also called Certificate of Status at CIPO) is issued by the Registrar of Companies at CIPO; it confirms the company was properly formed, legally exists, and maintains statutory compliance with annual return and fee obligations. (2) For Business Companies (BCs) under Cap. 149, the Certificate of Good Standing is certified and stamped at the FSA Registrar and can be Apostilled at the FSA. Both certificate types confirm active status and compliance. SVG acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention; certificates can be apostilled for international use.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for managing the company's affairs; must act in the best interests of the company (Companies Act, 1994, s.97 for domestic; Cap. 149 for BCs). Minimum one director for private and BC/LLC; minimum three individual directors for public companies. Director appointments filed on Form 9 at CIPO (domestic) or notified to FSA via Registered Agent within 10 days (BCs). |
| Manager (LLC)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | For LLCs under Cap. 151: a manager (who may or may not be a member) appointed under the Operating Agreement to manage the LLC's day-to-day affairs. Closest equivalent to a director in a share-capital company.                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Attorney / Agent (POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorized under a board resolution or power of attorney (notarized) to act on behalf of the entity. For external (foreign) companies, a local attorney appointed via Form 23 is a registration prerequisite.                                                                                                                                                                                            |

## Notes

* SVG has two parallel company registration regimes: (1) CIPO (cipo.gov.vc) for domestic companies under the Companies Act, 1994 — processing approx. 2 working days; (2) FSA (fsasvg.com) for international structures (BCs, LLCs, mutual funds, trusts) — incorporation within 24 hours via a licensed Registered Agent. The Conduit-facing entity is almost always a BC or LLC registered through the FSA.
* The former IBC regime (tax-exempt offshore company) was abolished effective 2018-12-31 (Act No. 36 of 2018). All existing IBCs were grandfathered until 2021-06-30. Post-2019 incorporations are Business Companies (BCs) subject to the territorial tax regime — only SVG-sourced income is taxable.
* The Virtual Asset Business Act, 2022 entered into force on 2025-05-31. VASPs operating in SVG must register with the FSA. Entities that were conducting virtual asset business before the Act came into force had until June 2025 to comply. The Act covers exchanges, wallet providers, custodians, brokers, and advisory services.
* The Preservation of Confidential Relationships (International Finance) Act, 1996 (Cap. 481) formally protects the confidentiality of records held by Registered Agents; disclosure is only permissible to foreign competent authorities under treaty or court order. This limits the direct documentary evidence obtainable for BO verification in onboarding.
* Large domestic companies (> XCD 2M total assets or > XCD 4M gross revenue) must file audited comparative financial statements with CIPO; smaller entities may file a Certificate of Solvency. Annual returns (Form 28) are due by April 1 each year.
* SVG is a member of CARICOM and the OECS; commercial banks are supervised by the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB). Capital markets are regulated by the Eastern Caribbean Securities Regulatory Commission (ECSRC). Anti-money laundering supervision is conducted by the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2013 and related legislation.


# Samoa
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/samoa

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Samoa (WSM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                    |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | WS / WSM                                                                                                                                 |
| Registry     | [Registry of Companies and Intellectual Property (RCIP), Ministry of Commerce, Industry & Labour](https://www.businessregistries.gov.ws) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                               |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Samoa and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                                                          |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Ministry of Customs and Revenue — Inland Revenue Services                                       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Registry of Companies and Intellectual Property (RCIP), Ministry of Commerce, Industry & Labour |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit numeric identifier issued automatically upon grant of a Business Licence under the Business Licence Act 1998; no separate corporate tax ID exists — the TIN is used for all Inland Revenue purposes including income tax, VAGST, and PAYE. Issuance commenced from the number 70004. Appears on the Business Licence Certificate and, for non-business-licence holders who employ staff, on a Confirmation Letter for Registration. Businesses with annual taxable turnover exceeding SAT 130,000 must additionally register for VAGST.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation under the Companies Act 2001 (domestic companies) or at registration of an overseas company; visible on the Certificate of Incorporation and searchable via the Online Samoa Company Registry (businessregistries.gov.ws). Format not publicly standardised; sequential numeric or alphanumeric string assigned by the E-Registry system (launched 18 February 2013). International Companies registered under the International Companies Act 1988 receive a separate SIFA-assigned company number from the Samoa International Finance Authority.

## Sector regulators

`Central Bank of Samoa (CBS)` · `Samoa International Finance Authority (SIFA)` · `Ministry of Customs and Revenue — Inland Revenue Services` · `Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) — Central Bank of Samoa`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                    | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares                             | Ltd          | The most common domestic commercial vehicle; incorporated under the Companies Act 2001 (Act No. 6 of 2001), which is modelled on New Zealand company law; shareholder liability limited to unpaid share capital; share transfers restricted by constitution; a single person may serve as both sole shareholder and sole director; no requirement for a Samoan-resident director. Registered with RCIP/MCIL. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                   |
| Public Company Limited by Shares                              | Plc          | Shares may be offered to the public; governed by the Companies Act 2001; no cap on members; subject to stricter governance and disclosure obligations; may list on a securities exchange if one is established. Registered with RCIP/MCIL. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Company Limited by Guarantee                                  | CLG          | Non-profit corporate form under the Companies Act 2001; no share capital; members undertake to contribute a guaranteed amount on winding up; used by charities, industry associations, religious bodies, and sporting organisations. Registered with RCIP/MCIL. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| International Company                                         | IC           | Incorporated under the International Companies Act 1988 (as amended); a tax-exempt offshore vehicle with limited liability; 100% foreign ownership permitted; no resident director or local office required; strong confidentiality protections; registered with and supervised by the Samoa International Finance Authority (SIFA). From 1 January 2028 tax exemptions are removed (Miscellaneous (Removal of Tax Exemption for International Companies) Amendment Act No. 1 of 2026). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Special Purpose International Company                         | SPIC         | A variant of the International Company under the International Companies Act 1988, registered with SIFA; used for single-purpose holding, securitisation, or structured-finance transactions. Closest US equivalent: Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) / C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| General Partnership                                           | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together; governed by the Partnership Act 1975; no separate legal personality; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership debts; no public central registration requirement beyond obtaining a Business Licence. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Limited Partnership                                           | LP           | Governed by the Partnership Act 1975; comprises at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners liable only to the extent of their contributed capital; limited partners must not participate in management or risk losing their liability shield. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                             |
| International Partnership / International Limited Partnership | IP / ILP     | Formed under the International Partnership and Limited Partnership Act (Samoa); registered with SIFA; tax-exempt offshore partnership structures used for cross-border investment, private equity, and fund vehicles; similar confidentiality protections as International Companies. Closest US equivalent: LP (for ILP) or GP (for IP).                                                                                                                                                                              |
| Sole Trader / Sole Proprietorship                             | —            | Single natural person carrying on business; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability; must obtain a Business Licence from the Ministry of Customs and Revenue under the Business Licence Act 1998. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Branch of Foreign Company (Overseas Company)                  | —            | An overseas company registered to carry on business in Samoa under the Companies Act 2001; not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent; must file registration documents with RCIP/MCIL; the foreign parent remains fully liable for the branch's obligations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Incorporated Society                                          | —            | Non-profit membership association registered under the Incorporated Societies Ordinance 1952 with MCIL; used by clubs, community groups, and civil-society organisations; members' liability limited by the rules of the society. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                                                |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation (International Company) *(optional: Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company)* |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Company Constitution · Memorandum & Articles of Association (International Company)                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Business Licence Certificate · VAGST Registration Certificate                                                                                     |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence Certificate                                                                                                                                    |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                                                                                             |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors *(optional: MCIL Company Extract)*                                                                                                        |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                                                                   |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Certificate of Good Standing (International Company)                                                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                    | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (MCIL/RCIP — Companies Act 2001)**           | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (SIFA — International Companies Act 1988)**  | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Certificate of Registration (Overseas Company, MCIL/RCIP)**               | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Company Constitution (Companies Act 2001)**                               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (International Companies Act 1988)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Business Licence Certificate (Ministry of Customs and Revenue)**          | Tax Registration, Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **VAGST Registration Certificate (Ministry of Customs and Revenue)**        | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Register of Members**                                                     | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Register of Directors**                                                   | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **MCIL Company Extract (online registry search result)**                    | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Board Resolution**                                                        | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Power of Attorney**                                                       | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                         | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                             | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                           | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (MCIL/RCIP — Companies Act 2001)**           | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (SIFA — International Companies Act 1988)**  | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                 | Central Bank of Samoa Banking Licence (Financial Institutions Act 1996), Central Bank of Samoa Insurance Licence (Insurance Act 2007), CBS Money Transfer Operator / Restricted FX Dealer Licence, SIFA Licence (International Bank / Insurer / Fund / Trustee Company) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies (RCIP/MCIL) upon registration of a domestic company under the Companies Act 2001; accessed and downloaded via the Online Samoa Company Registry at businessregistries.gov.ws. For International Companies, an equivalent Certificate of Incorporation is issued by SIFA under the International Companies Act 1988. For overseas companies registered in Samoa, a Certificate of Registration is issued by RCIP. Processing through the E-Registry (operational since 18 February 2013) is typically same-day to 2 business days.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Under the Companies Act 2001, the constitutive document is called the 'Constitution'; it is filed with RCIP at incorporation and contains the company's name, objects, share capital, and governance rules. Companies may also operate under default 'replaceable rules' in the Act if no Constitution is adopted. For International Companies under the International Companies Act 1988, the document is called the Memorandum and Articles of Association, filed with SIFA. For overseas company registrations, the parent company's home-jurisdiction constitutive document must be provided.
* **Tax Registration:** The TIN is printed on the Business Licence Certificate issued annually by the Ministry of Customs and Revenue under the Business Licence Act 1998; the Business Licence is therefore simultaneously the primary evidence of tax registration. Businesses with annual turnover exceeding SAT 130,000 must also register for VAGST (Value Added Goods and Services Tax, rate 15%) and receive a separate VAGST registration. International Companies registered under SIFA are normally tax-exempt (until 1 January 2028) and may not hold a domestic Business Licence; their tax registration status should be confirmed separately.
* **Operating Permit:** Required for all persons carrying on any business activity in Samoa under s.5 of the Business Licence Act 1998; issued annually (1 January – 31 December) by the Ministry of Customs and Revenue — Inland Revenue Services. The TIN is embedded in the Business Licence Certificate. Renewal is due in December or by 31 January of the following year. Failure to hold a valid Business Licence is a criminal offence. International Companies (SIFA) do not require a domestic Business Licence for offshore operations.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Central Bank of Samoa (CBS) is the prudential regulator for all domestic financial institutions under the Financial Institutions Act 1996, the Central Bank of Samoa Act 2015, and the Insurance Act 2007. CBS supervises commercial banks, licensed credit institutions, insurance companies, insurance brokers, and money transfer operators / restricted foreign exchange dealers (16 licensed MTOs as of January 2025). SIFA licenses and supervises international banks, international insurance companies, international mutual fund companies, and international trustee companies under the International Banking Act 2005, International Insurance Act 1988, and related legislation. Conduit, as a payment/financial services entity, will primarily encounter CBS-issued payment/MTO licences and SIFA financial-services licences.
* **Governance Records:** Companies must maintain a Register of Directors and Secretaries; director information is filed with RCIP/MCIL and is searchable via the Online Samoa Company Registry (businessregistries.gov.ws). For International Companies under SIFA, director details are held by the registered trustee company and are not publicly accessible. Annual returns filed with MCIL confirm current director and shareholder information. A registry extract (company profile) available from MCIL constitutes documentary evidence of current directors.
* **Signing Authority:** A board resolution passed at a directors' meeting or by written resolution is standard practice in Samoa to authorise a signatory for specific transactions; no statutory form is prescribed. A notarised power of attorney may be used for external parties. Samoa is not a signatory to the Hague Apostille Convention; notarisation or consular legalisation may be required for documents intended for use abroad.
* **Address:** Standard Conduit policy: lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank documents dated within 90 days of submission. Main utility providers in Samoa include the Electric Power Corporation (EPC, electricity) and Samoa Water Authority (SWA). Bank statements from CBS-licensed commercial banks (ANZ Samoa, Samoa Commercial Bank, Development Bank of Samoa, etc.) are accepted.
* **Good Standing:** MCIL/RCIP issues a Certificate of Good Standing (also referred to as a company status extract) confirming that a domestic company is registered, has filed its annual returns, and is not struck off or under dissolution. Company status (Active and in Good Standing / Not in Good Standing / Dissolved / Active & Pending Strike Off) is searchable via businessregistries.gov.ws. Annual returns must be filed in the company's month of incorporation; late filing incurs penalties. For International Companies, SIFA issues an equivalent good-standing certificate upon payment of annual renewal fees.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| -------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for managing the company; must be a natural person; no minimum residency requirement under the Companies Act 2001 or International Companies Act 1988; named in the Register of Directors and in MCIL/RCIP registry records for domestic companies. |
| Company Secretary                                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Officer responsible for statutory compliance and corporate administration; required for all companies under the Companies Act 2001; named alongside directors in the RCIP registry.                                                                                               |
| Registered Trustee / Licensed Trustee Company (IC) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | A SIFA-licensed trustee company that serves as the registered agent for an International Company; holds confidential registers on behalf of the IC; all International Company incorporations must be made through a licensed trustee.                                             |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney                    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by board resolution or notarised power of attorney to act on behalf of the company for specific transactions or purposes.                                                                                                                               |

## Notes

* Samoa operates a dual-registry system: domestic companies are registered with MCIL/RCIP under the Companies Act 2001; International Companies (offshore) are registered with SIFA under the International Companies Act 1988. Conduit will encounter both. Key KYB difference: SIFA ICs have private registers and are administered through licensed trustees — always request documents via the trustee.
* The Online Samoa Company Registry (businessregistries.gov.ws, E-Registry launched February 2013) allows public searches of domestic company names, registration numbers, and directors. Annual returns filed in the company's month of incorporation; late filing triggers penalties and potentially pending strike-off status. SIFA company information is not publicly searchable.
* Business Licences (Ministry of Customs and Revenue, issued under Business Licence Act 1998) are mandatory for all businesses operating in Samoa, expire annually (31 December), and embed the TIN. The TIN is a 9-digit number beginning from 70004. VAGST (15%) applies when annual taxable turnover exceeds SAT 130,000; a separate VAGST Registration Certificate is issued. International Companies in offshore structures do not require a domestic Business Licence.
* Tax exemption for International Companies will be removed from 1 January 2028 under the Miscellaneous (Removal of Tax Exemption for International Companies) Amendment Act No. 1 of 2026. From that date, ICs will be subject to Samoan corporate income tax. Reassess IC tax documentation requirements at that date.
* Samoa IS a signatory to the Hague Apostille Convention (acceded 13 September 1999). The designated Competent Authority to issue Apostilles is the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MFAT). Documents intended for use in other Apostille Convention member states should be apostilled by MFAT rather than requiring full consular legalisation.
* There is no limited liability company (LLC) structure distinct from the private company limited by shares under Samoa domestic law; the Companies Act 2001 does not use the 'LLC' designation. The International Companies Act 1988 provides for 'limited life international companies' influenced by Wyoming LLC law but these are categorised as ICs.
* The Central Bank of Samoa (CBS) supervises four commercial banks, five insurance companies, 16 money transfer operators/restricted FX dealers, and three insurance brokers (as of January 2025). SIFA supervises the offshore financial sector. For MSB/MTO activities, a CBS licence is required under the Financial Institutions Act 1996.


# San Marino
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/san-marino

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in San Marino (SMR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | SM / SMR                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Registry     | [Registro delle Imprese / Registro Pubblico delle Società — managed by Agenzia per lo Sviluppo Economico – Camera di Commercio S.p.A. (ASE-CC); company register (Registro Pubblico delle Società) maintained by Ufficio Attività Economiche](https://registroimprese.cc.sm) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in San Marino and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                                  | Issuer                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Codice Operatore Economico (COE)**                                        | Ufficio Attività Economiche (Office of Economic Activities), Dipartimento Sviluppo Economico                                                            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numero di iscrizione al Registro delle Società / Registro delle Imprese** | Ufficio Attività Economiche (Registro Pubblico delle Società) / Agenzia per lo Sviluppo Economico – Camera di Commercio S.p.A. (Registro delle Imprese) |

*Tax ID:* The COE is a progressive 5-digit numeric code assigned to every licensed economic operator upon registration in the Trade Register under Art. 5 of Law No. 71/2004. It is San Marino's universal business identifier and serves as the fiscal reference for the General Income Tax (IGR) under Law No. 166/2013. San Marino does not levy VAT; there is no VAT certificate. For cross-border electronic invoicing with Italy the COE appears as SM followed by 5 digits (e.g. SM01234). The COE is printed on the business licence (licenza) and the company registration certificate.

*Registration number:* Sequential number assigned at company formation under Law No. 47/2006 (Companies Act); appears on the Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Società and on the company registration certificate from the Trade Register. The same operator is recorded in both the Registro Pubblico delle Società (held by the Ufficio Attività Economiche, public company-law record) and the Registro delle Imprese (commercial registry, transferred to ASE-CC effective 1 June 2025). The COE is the primary cross-registry identifier for the same operator.

## Sector regulators

`BCSM (Banca Centrale della Repubblica di San Marino)` · `AIF (Agenzia di Informazione Finanziaria)` · `Ufficio Attività Economiche` · `Agenzia per lo Sviluppo Economico – Camera di Commercio S.p.A. (ASE-CC)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                  | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Società a Responsabilità Limitata           | S.r.l.       | Quota-capital limited-liability company; minimum capital €25,500 (for a sole-member S.r.l. the full amount must be paid within 120 days of registration; for multi-member entities 50% within 120 days and the remainder within 3 years); governed by Law No. 47/2006 (Companies Act) Art. 13(1)(1); may have a sole member (S.r.l. unipersonale); managed by a sole director or a board; statutory auditor mandatory when capital exceeds €77,000 or revenues exceed €2M for two consecutive years. The dominant SME and subsidiary vehicle in San Marino. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Società per Azioni                          | S.p.A.       | Joint-stock company with registered shares; minimum capital €77,000 (50% paid within 120 days of registration, remainder within 3 years; sole-member S.p.A. must pay in full within 120 days); governed by Law No. 47/2006 Art. 13(1)(2); shares freely transferable; mandatory sole auditor (board of auditors when revenues exceed €7.3M for two consecutive years); used for larger operations and for entities wishing to raise capital from multiple shareholders. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                              |
| Società Anonima                             | S.a.         | Historical anonymous company form with bearer shares and minimum capital of €256,000; bearer shares were abolished effective 30 September 2010 and new S.a. entities are no longer permitted. Pre-existing S.a. entities converted to S.p.A. All existing registered companies should appear as S.p.A. or S.r.l. on the registry; flag any S.a. designation for manual review as it indicates a legacy unconverted entity. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                           |
| Società in Nome Collettivo                  | S.n.c.       | General partnership; all partners (socii) bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership obligations; all partners have representation and management powers unless restricted by the partnership deed; governed by Law No. 47/2006 Part II (società di persone); constituted by notarial public deed and registered in the Registro Pubblico delle Società; only natural persons may be members. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                      |
| Società in Accomandita Semplice             | S.a.s.       | Limited partnership with two classes of partners: general partners (soci accomandatari) who bear unlimited liability and have exclusive management and representation authority, and limited partners (soci accomandanti) whose liability is capped at their capital contribution and who may not engage in management acts; governed by Law No. 47/2006 Part II; constituted by notarial public deed. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                             |
| Impresa Individuale                         | —            | Sole proprietorship (also referred to as lavoro autonomo individuale or ditta individuale); a single natural person conducting business under their own name or a registered trade name; no minimum capital requirement; no separate legal personality — the owner bears unlimited personal liability; must obtain a business licence (licenza) from the Ufficio Attività Economiche and register in the Registro delle Imprese under Law No. 71/2004 and Law No. 40/2014 (Licences Act). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                   |
| Società Fiduciaria                          | —            | Fiduciary company authorised to exercise fiduciary activities as defined in Annex 1, letter C, to Law No. 165/2005 (Law on Financial System, LISF); subject to BCSM authorisation and supervision; must be constituted as an S.r.l. or S.p.A.; holds assets or shares in its name on behalf of fiduciants (mandanti). Closest US equivalent: Corporate Trustee or Statutory Trust Company.                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Rappresentanza Permanente di Società Estera | —            | Permanent establishment of a foreign company in San Marino; required when a non-resident entity carries on economic activity in the Republic for more than 180 days (Art. 13 of Law No. 40/2014, Licences Act); must obtain a one-year renewable authorisation from the Ufficio Attività Economiche; must appoint a local agent with the same rights and duties as a sole director; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent retains full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                                                   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                          |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Società + Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Imprese |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Atto Costitutivo e Statuto + Patto Sociale                                                                |
| Tax Registration       | Licenza di attività                                                                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Licenza di attività                                                                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | Atto Costitutivo *(optional: Libro Soci)*                                                                                 |
| Governance Records     | Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Società                                                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Delibera del Consiglio di Amministrazione · Procura Notarile                                                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contratto di Locazione · Bolletta AASS · Estratto Conto Bancario                                            |
| Good Standing          | Certificato di vigenza                                                                                                    |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                                       | Proves                                                                                                                                                       |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificato di iscrizione al Registro Pubblico delle Società (Ufficio Attività Economiche)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                           |
| **Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Imprese (Camera di Commercio)**                  | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                           |
| **Atto Costitutivo e Statuto (S.r.l. / S.p.A.)**                                               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                       |
| **Patto Sociale (partnership deed — S.n.c. / S.a.s.)**                                         | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                       |
| **Licenza di attività (business licence with COE)**                                            | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                             |
| **Licenza di attività (business licence)**                                                     | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                             |
| **Atto Costitutivo (shareholder / quota-holder list)**                                         | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                            |
| **Libro Soci (register of members / quota-holders)**                                           | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Società (organi sociali section)**               | Governance Records                                                                                                                                           |
| **Delibera del CdA (board resolution)**                                                        | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                            |
| **Procura Notarile (notarised power of attorney)**                                             | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                            |
| **Contratto di Locazione (lease agreement)**                                                   | Address                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Bolletta AASS (utility bill ≤90 days old)**                                                  | Address                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Estratto Conto Bancario (bank statement ≤90 days old)**                                      | Address                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Certificato di vigenza (Ufficio Attività Economiche)**                                       | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                                    | Autorizzazione BCSM (banking / financial / insurance / payment institution), Autorizzazione governativa (energy, telecom, private security, education, etc.) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Two overlapping certificates exist depending on the requesting authority: (1) the Certificato di iscrizione al Registro Pubblico delle Società issued by the Ufficio Attività Economiche under Law No. 47/2006 and Decreto Delegato No. 152/2022 (operative 15 Jan 2023) — this is the authoritative company-law record showing corporate status, date of registration, corporate bodies, objects, and directors' powers; (2) the company registration certificate from the Registro delle Imprese (Trade Register) issued by ASE-CC (Camera di Commercio) under Law No. 71/2004 — commercial record. Accept either; the company-law certificate from the Ufficio Attività Economiche is preferred for KYB. Both carry the COE. Documents are in Italian; no English version is officially issued. Certificates available for download via registroimprese.cc.sm (fee applies) or from the Ufficio Attività Economiche OPEC portal (pa.sm).
* **Constitutive Documents:** San Marino companies (S.r.l. and S.p.A.) must be constituted by notarial public deed before a San Marino notary under Law No. 47/2006 Art. 14. The notarial deed is the Atto Costitutivo; the Statuto (bylaws) is the constitutive document setting out governance, share capital, corporate objects, and director powers — it is an integral part of the Atto Costitutivo even when executed as a separate instrument. The notary deposits a certified copy with the Ufficio Attività Economiche within 30 days of execution. For partnerships (S.n.c., S.a.s.) the equivalent instrument is the Patto Sociale (partnership deed), also in notarial form. Documents are in Italian; translations required for foreign-language KYB reviews.
* **Tax Registration:** San Marino does not have VAT; the indirect tax system uses a single-phase import tax (imposta monofase sulle importazioni) rather than a VAT chain. For direct income tax purposes, the COE is the entity's fiscal identifier under the General Income Tax (Imposta Generale sui Redditi — IGR) introduced by Law No. 166/2013 (17% standard rate; transitional 18% for 2026–2030). The COE is printed on the business licence (licenza) issued by the Ufficio Attività Economiche. There is no separate tax registration certificate; the licenza itself serves as proof of tax registration. For cross-border identification with Italian fiscal authorities, the COE appears prefixed 'SM' on electronic invoices (SDI/HUB-SM gateway). Collect the current-year licenza as the primary tax certificate.
* **Operating Permit:** Under Law No. 40/2014 (Licences Act, replacing Law No. 129/2010) ALL entities wishing to carry on economic activity in San Marino must obtain a licenza from the Ufficio Attività Economiche (operational functions transferred to ASE-CC effective 1 June 2025 per resolution of the Congress of State of 15 April 2025). The licence is issued immediately online via the OPEC portal (pa.sm) upon self-certification; competent offices verify self-certifications within 180 days (30 days for health/security-risk sectors). Annual renewal fee applies. Certain sectors require prior Government authorisation: energy/water/gas/telecom, road construction, waste disposal, private security, precious metals wholesale, and education/training. Most commercial activities are liberalised. The same licenza document satisfies both the operating\_license and tax\_certificate slots (carries the COE).
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Banca Centrale della Repubblica di San Marino (BCSM) is the single supervisory authority for banking, financial services, insurance, and payment services under the Law on Banking, Financial and Insurance Enterprises and Services (LISF, Law No. 165/2005 as amended). Licence types include: banking authorisation; payment institution / electronic money institution authorisation (Regulation No. 2020-04 on Payment Services); insurance company/intermediary authorisation (Insurance Act); investment firm authorisation; fiduciary company authorisation. BCSM maintains public registers of supervised entities at bcsm.sm. The AIF (Agenzia di Informazione Finanziaria, Law No. 92/2008) supervises AML/CFT compliance for designated non-financial businesses and professions (DNFBPs). For non-financial activities requiring Government prior authorisation (energy, telecom, private security, etc.), the relevant sector ministry issues the authorisation.
* **Governance Records:** Directors, sole administrators, and auditors are listed in the Registro Pubblico delle Società maintained by the Ufficio Attività Economiche under Law No. 47/2006 and Decreto Delegato No. 152/2022. The company registration certificate issued by the Ufficio Attività Economiche includes the organi sociali section listing current directors and their powers. Updates must be filed within 30 days of any change. For the Registro delle Imprese (ASE-CC), the same officer data is mirrored. Collect the company registration certificate from either authority as evidence of current directors.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution or notarial power of attorney authorising a named individual to act on behalf of the company. No mandatory registration with the Ufficio Attività Economiche unless it alters the company's registered signatory powers (in which case an amendment to the Registro Pubblico delle Società is required). For use outside San Marino or Italy, the document may require apostille under the Hague Apostille Convention (San Marino acceded to the Convention; competent authority is the Segreteria di Stato per gli Affari Esteri).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. San Marino has domestic utility providers (AASS — Azienda Autonoma di Stato per i Servizi Pubblici, supplying electricity, water, gas, and waste services); bills from AASS are the standard utility document. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. Companies must demonstrate a place of business in San Marino compliant with building regulations to obtain a licence; the lease or ownership deed is accordingly a common supporting document.
* **Good Standing:** The Ufficio Attività Economiche issues a Certificato di vigenza (or certificato di stato attivo) confirming the company is currently registered in the Registro Pubblico delle Società, is in active status, and is not subject to insolvency, liquidation, or striking-off proceedings under Law No. 47/2006. Distinct from the ordinary company registration certificate (which captures static incorporation data) — the vigenza certificate reflects current legal status. Requested via the OPEC portal (pa.sm) or in person. Since June 2025 the ASE-CC (Camera di Commercio) also issues equivalent status confirmations from the Registro delle Imprese. Either authority's certificate is acceptable; prefer the Ufficio Attività Economiche version for the company-law record.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| --------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Amministratore Unico                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole director of an S.r.l. or S.p.A.; holds full executive and legal-representation authority; appointed by the quota-holders/shareholders; registered in the Registro Pubblico delle Società. |
| Consiglio di Amministrazione / Presidente CdA | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board of directors (for larger S.p.A. or S.r.l. when capital exceeds €77,000); the Presidente del CdA chairs the board and typically holds legal-representation powers.                        |
| Socio Accomandatario (S.a.s.)                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner in a Società in Accomandita Semplice; bears unlimited liability; holds exclusive management and representation authority.                                                      |
| Rappresentante Legale / Procuratore           | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Registered legal representative or holder of a notarial power of attorney (procura) with authority to bind the entity in dealings with third parties; may be different from the director.      |

## Notes

* San Marino is a microstate fully encircled by Italy and uses the euro (EUR) by monetary agreement with the EU (not an EU member). Its legal system is autonomous but heavily influenced by Italian civil law; primary corporate law is Law No. 47/2006 (Companies Act), last materially amended in 2022.
* Registry split: the Registro Pubblico delle Società (company-law record, Ufficio Attività Economiche) and the Registro delle Imprese (commercial/trade record, transferred to ASE-CC effective 1 June 2025 per resolution of the Congress of State of 15 April 2025) are distinct but carry the same COE. For KYB, the Ufficio Attività Economiche certificate is the authoritative document; the ASE-CC trade register certificate is supplementary.
* Bearer shares (Società Anonima, S.a.) were abolished effective 30 September 2010. Any legacy S.a. entity should be treated as a red flag requiring manual review to confirm conversion to S.p.A. or dissolution.
* No VAT: San Marino uses a single-phase import tax (imposta monofase) instead of VAT. Do not request a VAT certificate — none exists. The COE serves as both the trade registration number and the fiscal identifier.
* Language: all official documents are issued in Italian. No official English versions exist; commissioned translations should accompany documents used outside San Marino.
* Apostille: San Marino is party to the Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement for Legalisation of Foreign Public Documents; the competent apostille authority is the Segreteria di Stato per gli Affari Esteri e Politici.


# São Tomé and Príncipe
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/sao-tome-and-principe

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Africa     |
| ISO 3166-1   | ST / STP   |
| Registry     | DGRN / GUE |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in São Tomé and Príncipe and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer     |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ---------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**                         | DGI        |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número de Registo Comercial** | DGRN / GUE |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit number; issued simultaneously with commercial registration via GUE; serves as both income-tax and VAT identifier.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation; appears on the Certidão de Registo Comercial.

## Sector regulators

`BCSTP` · `UIF-STP` · `DGI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedade por Quotas              | Lda          | Limited-liability company whose capital is divided into quotas; managed by one or more gerentes. The dominant SME vehicle in São Tomé and Príncipe. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                     |
| Sociedade Unipessoal por Quotas   | —            | Single-member variant of the Sociedade por Quotas; allows one natural person or legal entity to hold 100% of the quotas with limited liability. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                   |
| Sociedade Anónima                 | SA           | Share-capital company with separate legal personality; requires a board of directors (Conselho de Administração) and fiscal council; used for larger enterprises and potential public offerings. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Empresário em Nome Individual     | —            | Sole trader registered under their own name; no separate legal personality and unlimited personal liability for business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                         |
| Sociedade em Nome Coletivo        | —            | General partnership in which all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability for the entity's obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                |
| Sociedade em Comandita            | —            | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                |
| Cooperativa                       | —            | Member-owned cooperative formed by individuals or entities for a shared economic, social, or cultural purpose; governed by cooperative principles. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                          |
| Sucursal de Sociedade Estrangeira | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company operating in São Tomé and Príncipe; no separate legal personality — the parent entity bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                            |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certidão de Registo Comercial                                                               |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Pacto Social · Estatutos                                                      |
| Tax Registration       | Cartão de Identificação Fiscal                                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Alvará Comercial                                                                            |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Lista de Sócios · Registo de Accionistas                                      |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Certidão de Registo Comercial — gerentes · Estatutos — secção administradores |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Procuração Notarial · Deliberação de Gerentes                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário              |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                     | Proves                          |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| **Certidão de Registo Comercial (DGRN/GUE)** | Legal Registration              |
| **Pacto Social (Lda)**                       | Constitutive Documents          |
| **Estatutos (SA)**                           | Constitutive Documents          |
| **Cartão de Identificação Fiscal (NIF)**     | Tax Registration                |
| **Alvará Comercial**                         | Operating Permit                |
| **Lista de Sócios (Lda)**                    | Ownership Records               |
| **Registo de Accionistas (SA)**              | Ownership Records               |
| **Certidão de Registo Comercial — gerentes** | Governance Records              |
| **Estatutos (SA — secção administradores)**  | Governance Records              |
| **Procuração Notarial**                      | Signing Authority               |
| **Deliberação de Gerentes**                  | Signing Authority               |
| **Contrato de Arrendamento**                 | Address                         |
| **Recibo de Serviços (≤90 dias)**            | Address                         |
| **Extrato Bancário (≤90 dias)**              | Address                         |
| **Sector-Specific License**                  | Licença BCSTP (sector-specific) |

**Not applicable in São Tomé and Príncipe:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued within 1–4 working days of GUE submission; contains registration number, legal form, and corporate officers.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document drafted by the founding partners and notarised; filed with GUE at incorporation.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by DGI; co-issued via GUE at incorporation. 9-digit NIF; dual income-tax/VAT identifier.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Direção de Comércio (Ministry of Commerce); required before commencing operations; obtained post-registration.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banking, insurance, payment services, microfinance, and currency exchange; issued by BCSTP.
* **Ownership Records:** Lista de sócios/quotas incorporada no Pacto Social ou no registo anual.
* **Governance Records:** Current directors/managers listed on the Certidão; SA must also maintain Conselho de Administração minutes.
* **Signing Authority:** Notarised power of attorney or formal managers' resolution; required for agents who are not registered gerentes/administradores.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                     | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gerente (Lda)                                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed manager of an Lda; day-to-day executive authority; registered at DGRN.    |
| Administrador / Conselho de Administração (SA) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member of an SA; governance function.                                         |
| Presidente do Conselho de Administração (SA)   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the SA board; governance, not operations.                                  |
| Sócio-Gerente (Lda)                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Partner who also serves as manager; legally binds the company.                      |
| Procurador / Mandatário                        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a notarised power of attorney; authorised to act on the company's behalf. |

## Notes

* São Tomé and Príncipe is not OHADA; the foundational companies law is the 1888 Código Comercial as amended by Law 14/2009 — do not apply OHADA AUSCGIE templates.
* The GUE co-issues the NIF and Certidão de Registo Comercial simultaneously; however, the Alvará Comercial is a separate post-registration step from the Direção de Comércio and is commonly overlooked by foreign operators.
* São Tomé and Príncipe has acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention (accession 19-XII-2007; in force 13-IX-2008) — apostille is accepted for foreign public documents instead of full consular legalisation chain.
* All registration documents must be in Portuguese or formally translated by a certified translator; no other language is accepted by GUE or DGRN.


# Saudi Arabia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/saudi-arabia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Saudi Arabia (SAU) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | SA / SAU                     |
| Registry     | MoC / Saudi Business Center  |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Saudi Arabia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                | Issuer                      |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN (Tax Identification Number / رقم التعريف الضريبي)** | ZATCA                       |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CR Number (رقم السجل التجاري)**                         | MoC / Saudi Business Center |

*Tax ID:* 10 digits for legal entities. VAT number is a separate 15-digit identifier (starts with "3" for KSA); only VAT-registered entities have one.

*Registration number:* 10 digits; starts with "7". Found top-left of CR Certificate; verifiable at mc.gov.sa.

## Sector regulators

`SAMA` · `IA` · `CMA` · `CST` · `MISA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                 | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sharika Dhaat Mas'uliyya Mahduda (شركة ذات مسؤولية محدودة) | LLC          | Quota-based limited-liability company; single or multiple shareholders; no minimum capital; managed by one or more Mudirs. The default SME vehicle in KSA. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                  |
| Sharika Mosahamat (شركة مساهمة)                            | JSC          | Joint Stock Company; minimum SAR 500,000 capital; shares freely transferable; governed by a Board of Directors of at least three members; can be listed on Tadawul. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                      |
| Sharika Mosahamat Mubassata (شركة مساهمة مبسطة)            | SJSC         | Simplified Joint Stock Company introduced by Royal Decree M/132 (2022); single shareholder permitted; no minimum capital; flexible governance (sole chairman, sole manager, or board); designed for startups and VC-backed ventures. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Sharika Tadamun (شركة تضامن)                               | GP           | General Partnership; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for company obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                       |
| Sharika Tawsiya Basita (شركة توصية بسيطة)                  | LP           | Limited Partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited (silent) partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                       |
| Sharika Mihaniyya (شركة مهنية)                             | —            | Professional Company formed by two or more licensed professionals (e.g., lawyers, accountants, engineers) to practise a regulated profession; partners bear joint unlimited liability for professional obligations. Equivalent to a US LLP.                         |
| Mu'assasa Fardiyya (مؤسسة فردية)                           | —            | Individual Establishment; a sole-proprietor trading vehicle owned and operated by one Saudi or GCC national; obtains its own CR from MoC but has no separate legal personality from the owner. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                              |
| Far' Sharika Ajnabiyya (فرع شركة أجنبية)                   | —            | Branch of a Foreign Company; a registered extension of a foreign parent entity, licensed via MISA and issued its own CR; no separate legal personality from the parent, which bears unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                      |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                     |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | CR Certificate                                                       |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Aqd Ta'sis · Nizam Asasi                               |
| Tax Registration       | ZATCA TIN Certificate                                                |
| Operating Permit       | Baladiyah Commercial Licence                                         |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Aqd Ta'sis · Nizam Asasi                               |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* CR Extract · Aqd Ta'sis · Nizam Asasi · Board Filings  |
| Signing Authority      | Wakala (Notarised Power of Attorney)                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Ejar Tenancy Contract · SEC / NWC Bill · كشف حساب بنكي |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                | Proves                                                                                                                                           |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **CR Certificate (Sijil At-Tijari)**                                    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                               |
| **Aqd Ta'sis (LLC/SJSC)**                                               | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                    |
| **Nizam Asasi (JSC)**                                                   | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                    |
| **ZATCA TIN Certificate**                                               | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                 |
| **Baladiyah Commercial Licence (رخصة تجارية)**                          | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                 |
| **CR Extract (Commercial Registration Extract — مستخرج السجل التجاري)** | Governance Records                                                                                                                               |
| **Board Filings (JSC — board appointment / resolution filings at MoC)** | Governance Records                                                                                                                               |
| **Wakala (Notarised Power of Attorney)**                                | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                |
| **Ejar Tenancy Contract**                                               | Address                                                                                                                                          |
| **SEC / NWC Bill (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                      | Address                                                                                                                                          |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                       | Address                                                                                                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                             | SAMA licence (banking/payments), IA licence (insurance), CMA licence (securities), CST licence (telecom), MISA Registration (foreign investment) |

**Not applicable in Saudi Arabia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by MoC/SBC; 10-digit CR No.; verified at mc.gov.sa.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised electronically via MoC portal; Arabic prevails; published in Umm Al-Qura (Official Gazette).
* **Tax Registration:** 10-digit TIN; collect VAT Certificate separately if entity is VAT-registered.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued via Balady platform (balady.gov.sa); tied to specific premises; required in addition to CR.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Sector-dependent; MISA Registration required for all foreign-owned entities (introduced 2025).
* **Governance Records:** Mudir(s) named in LLC articles; JSC Board members filed with MoC.
* **Signing Authority:** Domestic POAs via MoC notarisation system (Najiz); foreign-executed POAs apostilled under the Hague Convention. Arabic translation required.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                       |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Mudir / Mudir Aam (مدير / مدير عام)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General Manager of an LLC; day-to-day executive authority; named in Aqd Ta'sis.   |
| Member of Board of Directors (عضو مجلس الإدارة) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | JSC board member; governance role; elected by shareholders' assembly.             |
| Chairman of Board (رئيس مجلس الإدارة)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over JSC board; governance, not operational.                             |
| Authorised Signatory (مفوض بالتوقيع)            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised by board resolution or Wakala to sign on behalf of the company. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                  | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `MISA Registration Certificate number` | founder    | Required for any foreign national or foreign entity as founder/shareholder; confirms foreign investment registration (Ministerial Decision 1086, 2025-02-07). |

## Notes

* TIN vs. VAT number — TIN is 10 digits (all legal entities); VAT number is 15 digits (VAT-registered entities only, starts with "3"). Do not treat them as interchangeable.
* Ejar lease is the primary accepted proof of operating address — unregistered leases are unenforceable in Saudi courts; utility bills alone are not standard for commercial premises KYC purposes.


# Senegal
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/senegal

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Senegal (SEN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | SN / SEN                                                                     |
| Registry     | [RCCM (Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier)](https://rccm.ohada.org/) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Senegal and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                      |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NINEA**       | Direction des Impôts et Domaines            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce (OHADA RCCM) |

*Tax ID:* Numéro d'Identification National des Entreprises et des Associations.

*Registration number:* OHADA Registre du Commerce et du Crédit Mobilier number.

## Sector regulators

`BCEAO` · `AMF-UMOA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                  | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée            | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company with 1+ members; no minimum capital under OHADA AUSCGIE. The dominant SME vehicle in Senegal. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                  |
| Société Anonyme                             | SA           | Share-capital company with transferable shares; board required, minimum capital FCFA 10,000,000 (non-listed) under AUSCGIE Art. 387. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                          |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée              | SAS          | Simplified share-capital company with flexible bylaws; no minimum capital, single shareholder permitted under AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                        |
| Société en Nom Collectif                    | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners are merchants bearing joint and unlimited liability for company debts. Registered with the RCCM under AUSCGIE. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                             |
| Société en Commandite Simple                | SCS          | Limited partnership combining at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and at least one limited partner (liability capped at contribution) under AUSCGIE. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                  |
| Entreprenant / Commerçant Personne Physique | —            | Individual entrepreneur (natural person) carrying out a commercial, civil, artisanal, or agricultural activity under a simplified regime; registered at the RCCM. No separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                     |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique             | GIE          | Economic interest grouping enabling two or more persons or entities to pool resources for a common economic purpose; registered at the RCCM under AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust.                                                  |
| Société Civile                              | SC           | Civil-law company for non-commercial activities (agriculture, liberal professions, non-commercial real estate); registrable at the RCCM when members engage in regulated activities. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership or professional association. |
| Société Coopérative                         | —            | Member-owned cooperative governed by the OHADA AUSCOOP (2010); registered in the Register of Cooperative Societies (RSCOOP). Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                             |
| Succursale                                  | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign company operating in Senegal; registered with the RCCM under AUSCGIE but has no autonomous legal personality separate from the parent entity. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                         |
| Tax Registration       | Certificat NINEA                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Patente · Autorisation d'Exercice                                 |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions            |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV d'Assemblée Générale                |
| Signing Authority      | PV d'Assemblée Générale                                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Bail commercial · Quittance (Senelec / SEN'EAU) · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                      | Proves                                                        |
| --------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                              | Legal Registration, Governance Records                        |
| **Statuts**                                   | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Certificat NINEA**                          | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente**                                   | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Autorisation d'Exercice**                   | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**              | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**                 | Ownership Records                                             |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale**                   | Governance Records                                            |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale**                   | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Bail commercial**                           | Address                                                       |
| **Quittance (Senelec / SEN'EAU) (≤90 jours)** | Address                                                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**               | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                   | BCEAO, AMF-UMOA — Autorité des Marchés Financiers de l'UMOA   |

**Not applicable in Senegal:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                       |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages the SARL. Legal representative.                           |
| Président                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Heads the SAS. Sole mandatory officer in an SAS.                  |
| Directeur Général                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed by the board in an SA. Day-to-day management.           |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over the board in an SA.                                 |
| Administrateur                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board in an SA.                                     |
| Mandataire                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person holding power of attorney to act on behalf of the company. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                        |
| ---------------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital status, matrimonial regime, and spouse name for partners/shareholders due to community-property considerations. |

## Notes

* OHADA member; UEMOA zone — uses BCEAO + AMF-UMOA (Autorité des Marchés Financiers de l'UMOA, formerly CREPMF, renamed via UMOA Council decision in 2022) for monetary/capital-markets supervision.


# Serbia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/serbia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Serbia (SRB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | RS / SRB   |
| Registry     | APR        |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Serbia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name       | Issuer         |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------- | -------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **PIB**          | Poreska uprava |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Matični broj** | APR            |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit numeric; last digit is checksum. VAT-registered entities use "RS" + PIB as their EU-style VAT identifier. Verify via Poreska uprava e-services (purs.gov.rs).

*Registration number:* 8-digit registration number assigned at incorporation; appears on all APR extracts and is the primary corporate identifier.

## Sector regulators

`NBS — Narodna banka Srbije` · `KHoV — Komisija za hartije od vrednosti` · `Poreska uprava`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Društvo s ograničenom odgovornošću  | DOO          | Quota-based limited liability company; the dominant SME vehicle in Serbia; minimum share capital RSD 100 (≈€0.85); one- or multi-member; separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                        |
| Akcionarsko društvo                 | AD           | Joint-stock company with transferable shares; may be public (javno) or non-public (zatvoreno); minimum share capital RSD 3,000,000 (≈€25,000); governed by board structure. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                          |
| Ortačko društvo                     | OD           | General partnership in which all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability for the partnership's obligations; registered with APR. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                               |
| Komanditno društvo                  | KD           | Limited partnership with at least one ortački partner (unlimited liability) and at least one komanditor (limited partner with liability capped at contribution); registered with APR. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                                       |
| Preduzetnik                         | PR           | Individual entrepreneur (sole trader); a natural person conducting business activity for profit without forming a separate legal entity; registered with APR; the most common form by number of registrations in Serbia. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                    |
| Ogranak stranog pravnog lica        | —            | Branch of a foreign legal entity; a separate organisational unit through which the foreign parent conducts full commercial business in Serbia; no independent legal personality — parent bears unlimited liability for its obligations; registered with APR. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Branch.                 |
| Predstavništvo stranog pravnog lica | —            | Representative office of a foreign legal entity; may only perform preparatory and auxiliary activities (market research, liaison) and cannot directly enter commercial contracts or invoice clients in Serbia; no independent legal personality; registered with APR. Closest US equivalent: Representative Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                      |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Izvod iz registra privrednih subjekata                                                |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Osnivački akt · Statut                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | PIB potvrda                                                                           |
| Ownership Records      | Izvod iz registra                                                                     |
| Governance Records     | Izvod iz registra                                                                     |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Izvod iz registra · Odluka skupštine · Odluka upravnog odbora · Punomoć |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Ugovor o zakupu · Račun za komunalne usluge · Bankovni izvod            |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                    | Proves                                                      |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Izvod iz registra privrednih subjekata**                                  | Legal Registration                                          |
| **Osnivački akt (single-member: odluka; multi-member: ugovor o osnivanju)** | Constitutive Documents                                      |
| **Statut (AD)**                                                             | Constitutive Documents                                      |
| **PIB potvrda (Poreska uprava)**                                            | Tax Registration                                            |
| **Izvod iz registra (members/shareholders list)**                           | Ownership Records, Governance Records, Signing Authority    |
| **Odluka skupštine (general meeting resolution)**                           | Signing Authority                                           |
| **Odluka upravnog odbora (board resolution)**                               | Signing Authority                                           |
| **Punomoć (notarised POA for external signatories)**                        | Signing Authority                                           |
| **Ugovor o zakupu**                                                         | Address                                                     |
| **Račun za komunalne usluge (≤90 dana)**                                    | Address                                                     |
| **Bankovni izvod (≤90 dana)**                                               | Address                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                 | NBS dozvola za rad, KHoV licence (Zakon o tržištu kapitala) |

**Not applicable in Serbia:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Current extract from apr.gov.rs; free public access; includes matični broj, PIB, registered capital, status, and management.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with and retrievable via APR. Statute (Statut) is an additional constitutive document for ADs.
* **Tax Registration:** 9-digit PIB; VAT registration evidenced by "RS" + PIB prefix; confirm active VAT via Poreska uprava e-portal (purs.gov.rs).
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banks, payment institutions, e-money institutions, insurance companies (NBS); investment firms, broker-dealers (KHoV).
* **Ownership Records:** APR extract lists DOO members with stakes; AD shareholders via share register (knjiga akcionara).
* **Governance Records:** Lists directors (direktori/zastupnici) of DOO, members of upravni odbor and izvršni odbor of AD, and registered prokuristi with scope.
* **Signing Authority:** Prokura registered in APR; distinguish individual vs. joint prokura from extract.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                 | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                          |
| -------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Direktor / zastupnik (DOO) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director; day-to-day authority; registered as legal representative in APR. |
| Član upravnog odbora (AD)  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the management/supervisory board; governance role.                         |
| Izvršni direktor (AD)      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director of AD; operational authority within two-tier structure.           |
| Ortački partner (OD)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | General partner; full management authority and unlimited liability.                  |
| Prokurist                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of prokura; broad commercial signing authority; registered in APR.            |

## Notes

* CESV law replaced in 2025; new obligations are live. The new Zakon o centralnoj evidenciji stvarnih vlasnika (eff. 2025-10-01) supersedes the 2018 law. Existing entities were required to align by 2025-11-30, uploading supporting PDFs. Changes must be reported within 15 days; annual data confirmation is mandatory. Non-compliance triggers APR "gray list" status and potential bank account restrictions.
* Serbia is EU candidate, not member. AMLR (Reg. (EU) 2024/1624) and AMLD6 (Directive (EU) 2024/1640) do not apply directly; Serbia's national AML framework (Zakon o sprečavanju pranja novca i finansiranja terorizma) governs. Alignment with EU Directive 2018/843 (5AMLD) was the stated policy basis for the CESV regime.
* NBS is the integrated financial regulator. NBS supervises banks, payment institutions, e-money institutions, AND insurance — there is no separate insurance supervisory authority. KHoV (sec.gov.rs) covers securities and capital markets.
* PIB ≠ VAT number format. The PIB alone (9-digit) is the tax ID; for VAT-registered entities the proper VAT identifier is "RS" + PIB. Not all companies are VAT-registered (threshold: RSD 8,000,000 annual turnover); confirm registration status via Poreska uprava before relying on the RS-prefix format.
* DOO minimum share capital is nominally RSD 100 (≈€0.85). This is not a typo; Serbia removed the prior RSD 100,000 minimum. Collect the APR extract and founding act to verify actual paid-in capital rather than assuming a meaningful floor.


# Seychelles
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/seychelles

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Seychelles (SYC) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                        |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | SC / SYC                                     |
| Registry     | Registration Division (domestic); FSA (IBCs) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Seychelles and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                       |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                         | SRC (Seychelles Revenue Commission)          |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Number / IBC Number** | Registration Division (domestic); FSA (IBCs) |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit number issued by SRC within 24 hours of registration. IBCs deriving income exclusively outside Seychelles do not receive a TIN; SRC may issue a Tax Residence Certificate instead.

*Registration number:* Issued on Certificate of Incorporation; IBC number issued by FSA under IBC Act 2016.

## Sector regulators

`CBS` · `FSA` · `FIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------ | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Domestic Private Company       | (Pty) Ltd    | Closely-held private company limited by shares incorporated under the Companies Ordinance 1972; share transfer restricted; principal domestic SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                          |
| Domestic Public Company        | PLC          | Public company limited by shares incorporated under the Companies Ordinance 1972; shares freely transferable and may be listed on a stock exchange. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                          |
| International Business Company | IBC          | Offshore share-capital company registered by the FSA under the IBC Act 2016; shares fully transferable; bearer shares abolished (Amendment Act 2021); not subject to Seychelles income tax on foreign-sourced income. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                        |
| Company (Special Licence)      | CSL          | Domestic company under the Companies Ordinance 1972 granted a special licence under the Companies (Special Licences) Act 2003; 1.5% flat tax; requires minimum two directors; used for international holding and headquartering activities. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                  |
| Company Limited by Guarantee   | CLG          | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance 1972; members guarantee a fixed contribution on winding up instead of subscribing to shares; no profit distribution to members; used for non-profit, civic, and professional association purposes. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation. |
| Limited Partnership            | LP           | Formed under the Limited Partnerships Act 2003; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one limited partner whose liability is capped at contribution; does not have separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US LP.                                                   |
| General Partnership            | —            | Unincorporated association of two to ten partners under the Companies Ordinance 1972; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership debts; registered with the Registrar General. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                    |
| Sole Proprietorship            | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name or a registered trade name; registered with the Seychelles Revenue Commission (SRC); no separate legal personality from the owner. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                               |
| Foundation                     | —            | Established under the Foundations Act 2009; registered by the FSA; separate legal personality; used for estate planning, asset protection, and charitable purposes; no members or shareholders. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust.                                            |
| Branch of Foreign Company      | —            | Registered place of business of a foreign company operating in Seychelles under the Companies Ordinance 1972; not a separate legal entity from its foreign parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                        |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Registration Certificate                                  |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                              |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                           |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                       | Proves                   |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                               | Legal Registration       |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                     | Constitutive Documents   |
| **TIN Registration Certificate (SRC)**                         | Tax Registration         |
| **Business Licence (SLA)**                                     | Operating Permit         |
| **Register of Members**                                        | Ownership Records        |
| **Register of Directors**                                      | Governance Records       |
| **Board Resolution**                                           | Signing Authority        |
| **Power of Attorney**                                          | Signing Authority        |
| **Lease Agreement**                                            | Address                  |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                | Address                  |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                              | Address                  |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (FSA / Registration Division)** | Good Standing            |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                    | CBS licence, FSA licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Registration Division (domestic) or FSA (IBC). States company name, date, and registration number.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Required for domestic companies (Companies Ordinance 1972) and IBCs (IBC Act 2016). IBCs need not state objects; objects deemed unlimited unless restricted.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by SRC within 24 hours of successful registration. IBCs without Seychelles-sourced income may present Tax Residence Certificate instead.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Seychelles Licensing Authority under Licences Act 2010. Required for all trades/businesses in the Schedule to the Act.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBS for banking, bureaux de change, payment systems; FSA for securities dealers, insurers, IBC-related financial services, VASPs.
* **Ownership Records:** Register of Members held at registered office; not publicly accessible. IBCs with nominee shareholders must disclose the nominator in the register.
* **Governance Records:** Held at registered office; filed with FSA (IBCs) or Registration Division (domestic). Not publicly accessible.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorises signatories; General or Limited POA used for specific transactions.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Seychelles Financial Services Authority (FSA) Registrar of Companies. Attests that the entity remains on the Register, has paid all licence fees and penalties, is not subject to merger/consolidation/arrangement articles awaiting effect, and is not in winding-up or dissolution. Domestic companies receive an equivalent attestation via the Registration Division. Request a copy dated within 30 days; FSA issues a Certificate of Official Search in lieu when the company is not in good standing.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                        |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages company day-to-day; fiduciary duties under Seychelles law. |
| Authorized Signatory / POA Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holds Power of Attorney or board-granted signing authority.        |

## Notes

* Seychelles has two parallel corporate regimes — domestic (Registration Division) and IBC/offshore (FSA). Confirm which regime the entity falls under before requesting documents; document chains differ materially.
* The IBC (Amendment) Act 2024 (eff. 2024-12-18) and IBC (Amendment) Act 2025 (Act 9/2025) require IBCs with nominee shareholders to name the nominator (with NIN and TIN) in the Register of Members; compliance deadline was shortened to 2025-06-30. Verify compliance for any IBC with nominee structures.
* IBCs deriving income exclusively from outside Seychelles may not have a TIN — accept a Tax Residence Certificate from the SRC as the tax-ID artifact in that case.


# Sierra Leone
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/sierra-leone

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Sierra Leone (SLE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Africa     |
| ISO 3166-1   | SL / SLE   |
| Registry     | CAC        |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Sierra Leone and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name         | Issuer                           |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------ | -------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**            | NRA (National Revenue Authority) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Number** | CAC                              |

*Tax ID:* Unique computer-generated number covering all tax liabilities. Mandatory for all businesses.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation; appears on the Certificate of Incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`BSL` · `SLSSEC` · `SLICOM`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | Closely-held company with share capital and limited liability; max 50 members, restricted share transfer. The default SME incorporation vehicle under the Companies Act 2009. Equivalent to a US LLC.                              |
| Public Limited Company            | PLC          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to and traded by the public; subject to enhanced disclosure requirements under the Companies Act 2009. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                            |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | Incorporated entity with no share capital; members' liability limited to a guaranteed amount. Used principally by nonprofits, charities, and professional associations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.              |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; registered with OARG under the Registration of Business Act 2007. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                   |
| Limited Partnership               | LP           | Partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution; registered with OARG. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | Single-person business registered with OARG under the Registration of Business Act 2007; no separate legal personality, owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                          |
| Cooperative Society               | —            | Member-owned entity formed under Sierra Leone's cooperative legislation for collective economic activity; governed by its own statute separate from the Companies Act 2009. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                    |
| Foreign Company Branch            | —            | Registered establishment of a foreign company operating in Sierra Leone as a resident entity; must appoint a local representative and register with CAC. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                 |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                      |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                                       |
| Operating Permit       | Business License                                                                      |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Share Register + Annual Return |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Statutory Notice of Directors  |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                    |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                    | Proves                                |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (CAC)**      | Legal Registration                    |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**    | Constitutive Documents                |
| **TIN Certificate (NRA)**                   | Tax Registration                      |
| **Business License (City / Local Council)** | Operating Permit                      |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**    | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Share Register**                          | Ownership Records                     |
| **Annual Return (CAC)**                     | Ownership Records                     |
| **Statutory Notice of Directors (CAC)**     | Governance Records                    |
| **Board Resolution**                        | Signing Authority                     |
| **Power of Attorney**                       | Signing Authority                     |
| **Lease Agreement**                         | Address                               |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**             | Address                               |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**           | Address                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                 | BSL, SLSSEC, SLICOM                   |

**Not applicable in Sierra Leone:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued under Companies Act 2009; displays company name, number, and date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Submitted at incorporation; standard forms available at CAC.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by National Revenue Authority on business registration.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Freetown City Council or relevant local council; valid 6 months, renewable.
* **Sector-Specific License:** BSL for banking/payments; SLSSEC for securities; SLICOM for insurance.
* **Governance Records:** Filed at incorporation and updated on change. Minimum 2 directors required (Companies Act 2009).
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution is the standard instrument; notarized PoA accepted for third-party representatives.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                    |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Minimum 2 required; day-to-day management authority (Companies Act 2009).      |
| Managing Director                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Delegate of the board for operational management.                              |
| Authorized Signatory / PoA Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person empowered by board resolution or power of attorney to bind the company. |

## Notes

* Sierra Leone is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed via HCCH status table — 129 contracting parties listed as of 31-XII-2025; Sierra Leone is absent). All foreign public documents require full consular legalization.
* The AML/CFT/PF Act 2024 (Act No. 4 of 2024, in force 2024-06-06) is the operative AML statute; the Financial Intelligence Agency (FIA) is the competent authority.
* CAC and OARG have distinct mandates: CAC registers companies (Ltd, PLC, guarantee companies); OARG registers sole proprietorships and partnerships. Accept certificates from both for their respective entity types.
* Company Secretary qualifications under Companies Act 2009 s.252 require only that the secretary be a natural person resident in Sierra Leone with a legal, accounting, or prescribed professional qualification — no statutory 10-year practice floor applies to the secretary role (the 10-year requirement in the Act applies to the Commission Chairman (s.3) and the Registrar (s.9), not secretaries).
* Sierra Leone is not an OHADA member; do not apply OHADA entity types or SYSCOHADA accounting rules.


# Singapore
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/singapore

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Singapore (SGP) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                               |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | SG / SGP                                                                                                            |
| Registry     | ACRA (companies, LLPs, LPs, foreign branches); IRAS (some sole props); other issuing agencies for non-ACRA entities |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                                                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Singapore and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                     | Issuer                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **GST Registration Number**    | IRAS                                                                                                                |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Unique Entity Number (UEN)** | ACRA (companies, LLPs, LPs, foreign branches); IRAS (some sole props); other issuing agencies for non-ACRA entities |

*Tax ID:* UEN + suffix (e.g., 202412345M); suffix format varies by entity type. Mandatory if taxable turnover exceeds SGD 1 million in 12 months. UEN itself is the corporate income tax reference; separate GST number only issued upon GST registration.

*Registration number:* 9–10 alphanumeric characters. Format: pre-2009 companies nnnnnnnnX; post-2009 TyyPQnnnnX. Serves as universal cross-agency identifier.

## Sector regulators

`MAS` · `SGX` · `IRAS` · `IMDA` · `MOM`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares   | Pte Ltd      | The dominant SME vehicle; 1–50 non-public shareholders; limited liability; shares are not freely transferable to the public; at least one resident director required (Companies Act s.145). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                       |
| Public Company Limited by Shares    | Ltd          | Shares may be offered to the public and listed on SGX or remain unlisted; no cap on shareholders; subject to stricter governance and disclosure requirements under the Companies Act. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                          |
| Public Company Limited by Guarantee | —            | No share capital; members' liability limited to a guaranteed amount; used exclusively for non-profit purposes such as charities, clubs, and professional bodies. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                                                |
| Variable Capital Company            | VCC          | Investment fund corporate vehicle under the Variable Capital Companies Act 2018 (effective 2020-01-14); must be managed by a MAS-licensed fund manager; may be structured as an umbrella with sub-funds. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust (investment fund vehicle).       |
| Limited Liability Partnership       | LLP          | Separate legal entity under the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2005; all partners have limited liability for the partnership's debts while retaining partnership flexibility. Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                                                 |
| Limited Partnership                 | LP           | Registered under the Limited Partnerships Act 2008; requires at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US LP.                                                               |
| General Partnership                 | —            | An association of 2–20 persons carrying on business in common for profit; not a separate legal entity; all partners bear unlimited personal liability for partnership debts. Registered with ACRA under the Business Names Registration Act. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP). |
| Sole Proprietorship                 | —            | A business owned and operated by a single individual; not a separate legal entity from the owner; the owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business debts. Registered with ACRA under the Business Names Registration Act. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.            |
| Branch of Foreign Company           | Branch       | A foreign company registered to carry on business in Singapore under Companies Act Part XI; not a separate legal entity from the parent; at least one authorised representative ordinarily resident in Singapore is required. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                   |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | ACRA Business Profile                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | Constitution of the Company                                   |
| Tax Registration       | GST Registration Certificate                                  |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* ACRA Business Profile + Central ROND          |
| Signing Authority      | Directors' Resolution                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                    | Proves                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **ACRA Business Profile (Bizfile extract)** | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                                                         |
| **Constitution of the Company**             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                         |
| **GST Registration Certificate (IRAS)**     | Tax Registration                                                                                                                               |
| **Central ROND (ACRA)**                     | Governance Records                                                                                                                             |
| **Directors' Resolution**                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                              |
| **Lease Agreement**                         | Address                                                                                                                                        |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**             | Address                                                                                                                                        |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**           | Address                                                                                                                                        |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (ACRA)**     | Good Standing                                                                                                                                  |
| **Sector-Specific License**                 | MAS licence (banks, insurers, capital markets, payment services under PS Act 2019, DPT/VASP), SGX membership (brokers), IMDA licence (telecom) |

**Not applicable in Singapore:** Operating Permit, Ownership Records. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Confirms UEN, incorporation date, entity type, status, registered address. Downloadable via Bizfile.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single document since 2016-01-03 (Companies (Amendment) Act 2014). Pre-2016 companies may hold legacy MoA + AoA pair, deemed a valid constitution.
* **Tax Registration:** UEN doubles as corporate income tax reference; GST certificate only exists if registered for GST. If below SGD 1M threshold, collect UEN confirmation letter or ACRA profile as tax ID evidence.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect relevant MAS licence certificate for any regulated financial activity; three licence types under PS Act 2019 (Money-Changing, Standard Payment Institution, Major Payment Institution).
* **Governance Records:** Business Profile lists all current directors. CLLPMA 2024 adds ROND (Register of Nominee Directors) filed with ACRA; existing-company deadline was 2025-12-31.
* **Signing Authority:** No common seal required since 2016. For foreign-use copies: Apostille issued by Singapore Academy of Law (Hague Apostille Convention, eff. 2021-09-16).
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Purchasable via Bizfile. Distinct from the ACRA Business Profile extract. Also available for VCCs via vcc.bizfile.gov.sg.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                               |
| ------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to manage the company; at least one must be ordinarily resident in Singapore (CA s.145).                                        |
| Managing Director         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director delegated day-to-day management authority under the Constitution.                                                                |
| Nominee Director          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed "by way of business" through a registered CSP (CSP Act 2024, eff. 2025-06-09); nominee status publicly visible on ACRA profile. |
| Authorised Representative | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Required for foreign branches; legally responsible person resident in Singapore.                                                          |
| VCC Manager               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | VCC management company (MAS-licensed) under VCC Act 2018.                                                                                 |
| VCC Director              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director of a VCC under VCC Act 2018; at least one must be ordinarily resident in Singapore.                                              |

## Notes

* UEN is the universal identifier — it doubles as the corporate income tax reference; a separate "tax ID" only exists if the entity is GST-registered. Below the SGD 1M threshold, there is no GST certificate to collect; rely on the ACRA Business Profile for tax ID evidence.
* Pre-2016 companies may still hold a legacy Memorandum and Articles of Association pair rather than a single Constitution — both are legally valid; accept either format.
* Two-wave 2025 reforms are live: CSP Act 2024 (eff. 2025-06-09) requires all nominee-director appointments to flow through a registered CSP; CLLPMA 2024 (eff. 2025-06-16) mandates ROND + RONS central filings. Existing companies had until 2025-12-31 to file ROND/RONS; non-filers face penalties up to SGD 25,000.


# Slovakia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/slovakia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Slovakia (SVK) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                 |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | SK / SVK                              |
| Registry     | Obchodný register / Statistics Office |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Slovakia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                | Issuer                                |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **DIČ (Daňové identifikačné číslo)**      | Finančné riaditeľstvo SR              |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **IČO (Identifikačné číslo organizácie)** | Obchodný register / Statistics Office |

*Tax ID:* 10-digit; legal entities begin with "20". VAT number (IČ DPH) = "SK" + 10-digit DIČ (12 chars total).

*Registration number:* 8-digit unique company number; appears on all OR extracts and invoices.

## Sector regulators

`NBS`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Spoločnosť s ručením obmedzeným              | s.r.o.       | Quota-based limited liability company; minimum capital €5,000; managed by one or more konateľ; maximum 50 members; the dominant SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                          |
| Akciová spoločnosť                           | a.s.         | Joint-stock company; minimum capital €25,000; governed by a predstavenstvo (board of directors) and mandatory dozorná rada (supervisory board, ≥3 members); shares freely transferable. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                        |
| Jednoduchá spoločnosť na akcie               | j.s.a.       | Simple joint-stock company introduced 2017 (Act 389/2015); minimum capital €1; no mandatory supervisory board; designed for startups and equity-incentive schemes; shares transferable. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                        |
| Verejná obchodná spoločnosť                  | v.o.s.       | General partnership; at least two partners with joint and several unlimited liability; no minimum capital requirement. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                       |
| Komanditná spoločnosť                        | k.s.         | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution (minimum €250). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                  |
| Živnostník (živnosť)                         | —            | Individual sole trader registered under the Trade Licensing Act; operates under their own name with unlimited personal liability; registered in the Živnostenský register and assigned an IČO. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                        |
| Družstvo                                     | —            | Cooperative; association of at least five natural persons or two legal entities operating for the mutual benefit of members; minimum capital €1,250; members bear no personal liability for cooperative obligations; registered in the Obchodný register. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. |
| Organizačná zložka podniku zahraničnej osoby | —            | Registered branch office of a foreign company; not a separate legal entity — obligations remain with the foreign parent; must be entered in the Obchodný register and managed by an appointed representative. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                       |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                   |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Výpis z obchodného registra                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Spoločenská zmluva · Zakladateľská listina · Stanovy |
| Tax Registration       | Osvedčenie o registrácii                                           |
| Operating Permit       | Živnostenské oprávnenie                                            |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Zoznam spoločníkov · Akcionárska kniha               |
| Governance Records     | Výpis z obchodného registra                                        |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Uznesenie štatutárneho orgánu · Plnomocenstvo        |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Nájomná zmluva · Faktúra za služby · Bankový výpis   |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Výpis z obchodného registra**                               | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                |
| **Spoločenská zmluva (multi-member s.r.o.)**                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                |
| **Zakladateľská listina (single-member s.r.o.)**              | Constitutive Documents                                                                |
| **Stanovy (a.s. / j.s.a.)**                                   | Constitutive Documents                                                                |
| **Osvedčenie o registrácii (DIČ registration certificate)**   | Tax Registration                                                                      |
| **Živnostenské oprávnenie (trade licence)**                   | Operating Permit                                                                      |
| **Zoznam spoločníkov (s.r.o. — members' list in OR extract)** | Ownership Records                                                                     |
| **Akcionárska kniha (a.s. — shareholder register)**           | Ownership Records                                                                     |
| **Uznesenie štatutárneho orgánu (board/manager resolution)**  | Signing Authority                                                                     |
| **Plnomocenstvo (power of attorney)**                         | Signing Authority                                                                     |
| **Nájomná zmluva**                                            | Address                                                                               |
| **Faktúra za služby (≤90 dní)**                               | Address                                                                               |
| **Bankový výpis (≤90 dní)**                                   | Address                                                                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                   | NBS licence (banking, payment institution, e-money, insurance, investment firm, CASP) |

**Not applicable in Slovakia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable from orsr.sk; includes IČO, seat, entity type, statutory representatives, filing date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised signatures required. a.s. founding deed must be notarial deed (notárska zápisnica).
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Finančná správa; collect both DIČ certificate and IČ DPH certificate if entity is VAT-registered.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by district živnostenský office; required for most commercial activities; searchable at zrsr.sk.
* **Sector-Specific License:** NBS is sole sector regulator. Full CASP/crypto authorisation required from NBS since 2025-12-30 (MiCA transition elapsed).
* **Governance Records:** OR extract lists all konateľ (s.r.o.), members of predstavenstvo (a.s.), and their term dates.
* **Signing Authority:** Signatures on POA must match OR-registered representatives; notarisation required when acting for third-party filings.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                           |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Konateľ (s.r.o.)                  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Statutory manager with day-to-day executive authority; represents the company.        |
| Člen predstavenstva (a.s./j.s.a.) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board of directors (predstavenstvo); governance role.                   |
| Predseda predstavenstva           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the board of directors; governance, not operational.                         |
| Komplementár (k.s.)               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | General partner in k.s.; unlimited liability, manages and represents the partnership. |
| Spoločník v.o.s.                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | General partnership member; jointly and severally liable; represents the v.o.s.       |
| Prokurista                        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of prokura (commercial power of attorney); registered in OR.                   |

## Notes

* j.s.a. is not recognised in many legacy databases: Introduced 2017-01-01 (Act 389/2015); older screening databases may misclassify it or lack governance-structure data. Flag for manual review.
* Notarial deed required for a.s. formation: The zakladateľská zmluva (founding deed) for an a.s. must be executed as a notárska zápisnica (notarial deed). An s.r.o. requires only certified signatures, not a full notarial deed.
* OR extract is the single source of truth: Slovakia does not issue a separate certificate of good standing; the Výpis z obchodného registra from orsr.sk serves all KYB purposes, including incumbency. Request a dated extract (výpis), not an older copy.


# Slovenia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/slovenia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Slovenia (SVN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value      |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| Region       | Europe     |
| ISO 3166-1   | SI / SVN   |
| Registry     | AJPES      |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Slovenia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name           | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Davčna številka**  | FURS   |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Matična številka** | AJPES  |

*Tax ID:* 8-digit number; VAT-registered entities prepend "SI" (e.g. SI12345678). Tax number alone ≠ VAT registration.

*Registration number:* 10-digit registration number assigned at PRS/court-register entry; appears on all AJPES extracts.

## Sector regulators

`Banka Slovenije` · `AZN — Agencija za zavarovalni nadzor`

## Legal structures

| Local name                         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Družba z omejeno odgovornostjo     | d.o.o.       | Quota-based limited-liability company; minimum share capital €7,500; managed by one or more poslovodje (managers); most common SME form in Slovenia. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                             |
| Delniška družba                    | d.d.         | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum share capital €25,000; two-tier (uprava + nadzorni svet) or one-tier (upravni odbor) governance. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                 |
| Evropska delniška družba           | SE           | European Company (Societas Europaea) formed under EU Regulation 2157/2001; registered in the Slovenian court register; operates across EU member states with a single corporate identity. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                     |
| Samostojni podjetnik               | s.p.         | Registered sole trader; no separate legal personality; the individual bears unlimited personal liability for all business obligations; registered in the Slovenian Business Register. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                            |
| Družba z neomejeno odgovornostjo   | d.n.o.       | General partnership of two or more partners, each bearing unlimited joint and several liability for company obligations; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                    |
| Komanditna družba                  | k.d.         | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US LP (Limited Partnership).                         |
| Komanditna delniška družba         | k.d.d.       | Partnership limited by shares; at least one general partner bears unlimited joint liability, while komanditni shareholders hold share capital without personal liability. Equivalent to a US LP (Limited Partnership).                                                   |
| Zadruga                            | —            | Cooperative association of natural or legal persons formed to advance members' economic, social, or cultural interests; governed by the Zakon o zadrugah; registered in the court register; members' liability is limited. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.           |
| Gospodarsko interesno združenje    | g.i.z.       | Economic interest grouping of two or more companies or entrepreneurs formed to facilitate members' commercial activities; acquires legal personality upon court-register entry; members bear unlimited joint liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). |
| Podružnica tuje gospodarske družbe | —            | Registered branch of a foreign company; no independent legal personality — acts in the name and on behalf of the parent entity; registered in the Slovenian court register under ZGD-1. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                             |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Izpisek iz Poslovnega registra · Izpisek iz Sodnega registra   |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Družbena pogodba · Statut                                      |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Potrdilo o davčni številki · DDV potrdilo                      |
| Ownership Records      | Izpisek iz ePRS                                                              |
| Governance Records     | Izpisek iz Poslovnega/Sodnega registra                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Sklep poslovodstva · Notarsko overjeno pooblastilo             |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Najemna pogodba · Račun za komunalne storitve · Bančni izpisek |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                        | Proves                                                                                                                                                                    |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Izpisek iz Poslovnega registra**                              | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Izpisek iz Sodnega registra (court register extract)**        | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Družbena pogodba (d.o.o.)**                                   | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Statut (d.d.)**                                               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Potrdilo o davčni številki**                                  | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                          |
| **DDV potrdilo**                                                | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Izpisek iz ePRS**                                             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Izpisek iz Poslovnega/Sodnega registra**                      | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Sklep poslovodstva (board/management resolution)**            | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Notarsko overjeno pooblastilo (notarised power of attorney)** | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Najemna pogodba**                                             | Address                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Račun za komunalne storitve (≤90 dni)**                       | Address                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Bančni izpisek (≤90 dni)**                                    | Address                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                     | Dovoljenje Banke Slovenije (sector-specific licence), Dovoljenje ATVP (Agencija za trg vrednostnih papirjev), Dovoljenje AZN (Agencija za zavarovalni nadzor — insurance) |

**Not applicable in Slovenia:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Free e-extract (PDF, electronically signed) from AJPES ePRS. Contains matična številka, legal form, address, date of registration.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarially certified founding deed; filed with court register. Includes share capital, ownership structure, governance rules.
* **Tax Registration:** FURS issues tax-number confirmation; separate VAT certificate for SI-VAT-registered entities.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banka Slovenije: banks, payment institutions, e-money institutions. ATVP: investment firms, fund managers, securities. AZN: insurance/reinsurance.
* **Ownership Records:** ePRS extract publicly discloses d.o.o. shareholders and their equity percentages; use the electronically signed e-izpisek from AJPES as the primary artifact.
* **Governance Records:** AJPES extract names directors (poslovodje / člani uprave) and authorised signatories (prokuristi).
* **Signing Authority:** For prokuristi, entry in PRS extract serves as prima facie evidence of prokura scope.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                     | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Poslovodja / Direktor (d.o.o. manager)         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Statutory manager of LLC; legal representative with full external authority (ZGD-1 Art. 515).          |
| Član uprave (d.d. management board member)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director of joint-stock company; day-to-day operational authority.                           |
| Član nadzornega sveta (d.d. supervisory board) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of supervisory board; oversight/governance role, no executive authority.                        |
| Član upravnega odbora (d.d. one-tier board)    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of one-tier board of directors in d.d.                                                          |
| Zakoniti zastopnik (legal representative)      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Statutory representative authorised to bind the company; typically same person as poslovodja/direktor. |
| Prokurist (holder of prokura)                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Registered commercial POA holder; broad external signing authority excluding real-property disposal.   |

## Notes

* PRS vs. Sodni register: Capital companies (d.o.o., d.d.) are registered in the Sodni register (court register) and simultaneously in PRS; the AJPES ePRS extract covers both. The PRS alone suffices for sole traders (s.p.) and other non-court-registered entities.
* No general municipal operating licence for most entities: Unlike many jurisdictions, there is no universal municipal business licence in Slovenia — PRS/court-register entry is the operating authorisation for most activities. The obrtno dovoljenje is activity-specific (craft trades only).
* d.o.o. shareholder data in PRS is public: Unlike many EU peers, Slovenia's PRS extract publicly discloses d.o.o. shareholders and their equity percentages — use the ePRS e-extract (free, electronically signed) as the primary shareholders-registry artifact.
* EU AMLR 2024/1624 not yet in force: AMLR applies directly from 2027-07-10; current regime is ZPPDFT-2 (eff. 2022-04-05) as amended by ZPPDFT-2C (eff. 2025-08-09). No additional transposition action required by Slovenia for AMLR core obligations.


# Solomon Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/solomon-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Solomon Islands (SLB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                                                |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                                                         |
| ISO 3166-1   | SB / SLB                                                                                                                                             |
| Registry     | [Company Haus — Registry of Companies, Ministry of Commerce, Industries, Labour and Immigration (MCILI)](https://www.solomonbusinessregistry.gov.sb) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Solomon Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                          |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Inland Revenue Division (IRD), Ministry of Finance and Treasury |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Company Haus — Registry of Companies, MCILI                     |

*Tax ID:* Unique numeric identifier issued by the Inland Revenue Division upon registration under the Income Tax Act and related revenue legislation. Business TINs are typically 7 digits; individual TINs are typically 9 digits. Required before commencing taxable activity; used for income tax, withholding tax, and all IRD correspondence. Issued via paper application (Form IR1) at the IRD Honiara office (PO Box G9, Honiara) or through the E-Tax portal at ird.gov.sb. No separate VAT/GST number — Solomon Islands does not levy VAT.

*Registration number:* Unique sequential numeric identifier assigned at incorporation under the Companies Act 2009 (No. 1 of 2009). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and is the company's unique identifier in the Company Haus electronic register (solomonbusinessregistry.gov.sb). Format is not publicly standardised; assigned sequentially. Used in all filings, annual returns, and official company correspondence.

## Sector regulators

`Central Bank of Solomon Islands (CBSI)` · `Solomon Islands Financial Intelligence Unit (SIFIU)` · `Inland Revenue Division (IRD), Ministry of Finance and Treasury` · `InvestSolomons — Foreign Investment Division, MCILI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | The most common commercial vehicle for closely-held businesses; incorporated under the Companies Act 2009 (No. 1 of 2009); maximum 50 shareholders; share transfers restricted by company rules; limited liability to the amount unpaid on shares; at least one director who is a natural person required. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | Ltd          | Incorporated under the Companies Act 2009 with more than 50 shareholders; shares may be offered to the public; subject to stricter governance and reporting obligations; uncommon in Solomon Islands due to small capital markets. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Community Company                 | —            | A distinct corporate form introduced under the Companies Act 2009 (Part 23); may earn profits but profits must benefit a defined community rather than individual members; asset-lock provisions prevent disposal of company assets without community approval; no loans to directors or shareholders; free registration at Company Haus; directors must file annual reports to the community; primarily used by village or community groups for collective enterprises. Closest US equivalent: Benefit Corporation or Community Development Corporation. |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | No share capital; members' liability limited to the amount each undertakes to contribute on winding up; used for non-profit entities, charities, clubs, professional associations, and religious organisations; incorporated under the Companies Act 2009. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Overseas Company (Foreign Branch) | —            | A foreign corporation registered to carry on business in Solomon Islands under Part 11 of the Companies Act 2009; must apply for registration with Company Haus within 20 working days of commencing business; not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent; must also obtain a Foreign Investment Certificate from InvestSolomons under the Foreign Investment Act 2005 if owned by non-Solomon Islanders. Certificate of Registration issued by Company Haus. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                               |
| General Partnership               | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together for profit; not a separate legal entity; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership debts; any partnership trading under a name other than the partners' own names must register the business name with Company Haus under the Business Names Act 2014. Governed by common law principles and the Business Names Act 2014. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                |
| Sole Trader / Sole Proprietorship | —            | A single individual carrying on business in their own name; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability for all business debts; must register a business name with Company Haus under the Business Names Act 2014 if trading under a name other than their own; must obtain a TIN from IRD and a business licence from the relevant city or provincial council. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                           |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company)* |
| Constitutive Documents | Company Rules *(optional: Memorandum and Articles of Association)*                         |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Registration Certificate                                                               |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                                                           |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                                        |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors *(optional: Company Haus Registry Extract)*                          |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                              |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Current Standing                                                            |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                            | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Certificate of Registration (Overseas Company)**                  | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Company Rules (Constitution)**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association (pre-2009 companies)**       | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **TIN Registration Certificate (IRD)**                              | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Business Licence**                                                | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Register of Members**                                             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Register of Directors**                                           | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Company Haus Registry Extract (online profile)**                  | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution**                                                | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Power of Attorney**                                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                     | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                   | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Company Haus Certificate of Current Standing / Registry Extract** | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                         | CBSI Banking / Financial Institution Licence, CBSI Insurance Licence (Insurer / Broker / Agent), CBSI Restricted Foreign Exchange Dealer / Money Changer Licence, CBSI Payment Service Provider Licence (Payment Systems Act 2022) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Company Haus upon approval of incorporation under s.14 of the Companies Act 2009; constitutes conclusive evidence of company registration. Available electronically via the applicant's Company Haus account (solomonbusinessregistry.gov.sb); processing time typically 5 working days; fee SBD 1,500 (approx. USD 180). For overseas companies a Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company is issued instead. Pre-July 2010 records exist in paper form only and require in-person search in Honiara.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Under the Companies Act 2009, constitutive documents are called 'Company Rules' (replacing the pre-2009 Memorandum and Articles of Association). Companies may either file custom rules at incorporation or adopt the model rules contained in the Companies Act 2009. Model rules templates are available for single-shareholder private companies, multi-shareholder private companies, public companies, and community companies. Filed electronically with Company Haus; paper constitutions and amendments are imaged and available via the online registry. For pre-2009 companies, the Memorandum and Articles of Association remains valid.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by the Inland Revenue Division upon registration under the Income Tax Act; the TIN certificate evidences registration for income tax and withholding tax purposes. Solomon Islands does not levy VAT or GST; there is no VAT certificate. Businesses apply using Form IR1 at the IRD office in Honiara (PO Box G9) or via the E-Tax portal (ird.gov.sb). The TIN is also required by Honiara City Council when applying for a Business Licence.
* **Operating Permit:** A Business Licence is required for all businesses operating in Honiara from Honiara City Council under the Honiara City Council (Regulation of Business Licence) Ordinance; provincial councils issue equivalent licences for operations outside Honiara. Application requires the Certificate of Incorporation or business name registration, TIN, and evidence of tenancy/premises. Multiple licences required if operating across more than one province. Fee varies by business type and municipality. Processed within 1–3 working days. Foreign investors must first hold a Foreign Investment Certificate before applying.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Central Bank of Solomon Islands (CBSI) is the sole financial sector regulator for banks, credit institutions, finance companies, insurers (Insurance Act, supervision transferred to CBSI in 2004), insurance brokers, insurance corporate agents, credit unions, restricted foreign exchange dealers, money changers, and credit reporting agencies. Payment service providers are additionally regulated under the Payment Systems Act 2022. The Development Bank of Solomon Islands operates under the DBSI Act 2018. Foreign exchange dealers and money changers operating as international remittance businesses are of particular relevance to Conduit. The Solomon Islands Financial Intelligence Unit (SIFIU), a department of CBSI, supervises compliance with the Money Laundering and Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (as amended 2010). Banking is regulated under the Financial Institutions Act 1998 (as amended).
* **Governance Records:** Director details are filed with Company Haus at incorporation and upon any change of directorship; director names and addresses are publicly searchable via solomonbusinessregistry.gov.sb. At least one director who is a natural person is required; directors must not be under 18, undischarged bankrupts, or disqualified. Changes must be notified to the Registrar.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising a signatory passed at a directors' meeting or by written resolution; no statutory prescribed form — company letterhead is standard practice. Power of Attorney for external signatories may be notarised for cross-border use. Note: Solomon Islands is NOT a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (the country gained independence in 1978 and did not subsequently accede); documents for cross-border use require full consular legalisation through the relevant embassy.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank documents dated within 90 days. Main utility provider is Solomon Islands Electricity Authority (SIEA) for electricity; Water PNG/provincial water authorities for water. Bank statements from Solomon Islands-licensed banks (Bank South Pacific (BSP), ANZ Solomon Islands, Bank of South Pacific, Development Bank of Solomon Islands, etc.) are accepted.
* **Good Standing:** The Companies Act 2009 does not use the term 'Certificate of Good Standing' as a formally named instrument. Company Haus issues company profile extracts from the online registry (solomonbusinessregistry.gov.sb) confirming a company's registration status, registration number, date of incorporation, directors, and shareholders. Annual returns must be filed and fees kept current for a company to remain 'registered' on the register; failure to file may result in removal. An up-to-date electronic company profile extract serves as the practical equivalent of a certificate of good standing in Solomon Islands. Electronic extracts are available directly from the public registry at no charge; certified paper extracts are available for a fee from Company Haus in Honiara.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                   | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for managing the company under the Companies Act 2009; must be a natural person; must not be under 18, an undischarged bankrupt, or otherwise disqualified. Director names and addresses are filed with Company Haus and publicly searchable. At least one director required; no residency requirement for private companies but a natural-person director is mandatory. |
| Authorised Representative (Overseas Company) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual or legal person appointed by a foreign company registered as an overseas company under Part 11 of the Companies Act 2009 to act as the company's official contact and accept service of process in Solomon Islands; details must be filed with Company Haus.                                                                                                                                |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by board resolution or notarised power of attorney to act on behalf of the company for specific transactions or purposes. No statutory prescribed form; board resolutions on company letterhead are standard.                                                                                                                                                                |

## Notes

* The Companies Act 2009 (No. 1 of 2009, eff. 1 July 2010) replaced pre-existing company legislation and introduced the 'Company Haus' brand and electronic registry. Key changes: constitutive documents renamed 'Company Rules' (replacing Memorandum & Articles of Association); community company type introduced; online registration via solomonbusinessregistry.gov.sb. Pre-July 2010 company records are paper only and require in-person search in Honiara.
* Solomon Islands does NOT levy VAT or GST. There is no VAT certificate. The TIN (issued by IRD) is the sole tax identifier. Businesses pay income tax and withholding taxes; the IRD E-Tax portal is at ird.gov.sb.
* Business licences are issued by municipal/provincial councils, NOT the national government. A separate licence is required for each province in which the business operates. Honiara City Council issues licences under the Honiara City Council (Regulation of Business Licence) Ordinance; provincial licences vary by province.
* Foreign investors (non-Solomon Islanders) must first obtain a Foreign Investment Certificate from InvestSolomons (investsolomons.gov.sb) under the Foreign Investment Act 2005 before registering a company or commencing business. The Foreign Investment Registry is maintained by InvestSolomons under the authority of the Registrar of Foreign Investment.
* Solomon Islands is NOT a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. The country acceded via the UK in 1965 but explicitly rejected the Convention after independence in 1978 and has not subsequently ratified it. Documents for cross-border legal use require full consular legalisation through the relevant embassy — apostilles are not accepted.
* The Central Bank of Solomon Islands (CBSI) is the consolidated financial sector regulator covering banking, insurance (since 2004), capital markets, foreign exchange, money changers, and payment services. SIFIU, a department of CBSI, is responsible for AML/CFT supervision.
* There is no limited partnership structure in Solomon Islands. The Business Names Act 2014 governs business name registration for sole traders and general partnerships. Partnerships have unlimited joint and several liability; limited liability requires incorporation as a company.
* The Company Haus online registry (solomonbusinessregistry.gov.sb) is publicly accessible 24/7 and allows free searching of company names, registration numbers, directors, and shareholders. Electronic company extracts are available via the portal. The registry has been electronic since 1 July 2010; older records require in-person access.


# South Africa
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/south-africa

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in South Africa (ZAF) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                 |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | ZA / ZAF                                              |
| Registry     | Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in South Africa and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                                |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Income Tax Reference Number** | SARS (South African Revenue Service)                  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Registration Number**         | CIPC (Companies and Intellectual Property Commission) |

*Tax ID:* Income Tax Reference Number for the entity.

*Registration number:* Enterprise registration number printed on the CoR 14.3 certificate.

## Sector regulators

`SARB` · `FSCA` · `NCR` · `ICASA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                 | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| -------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company            | (Pty) Ltd    | Closely-held share-capital company with limited liability; the default SME vehicle under the Companies Act 71 of 2008. Shares are not freely transferable to the public. Equivalent to a US LLC.                            |
| Public Company             | Ltd          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public; eligible for JSE listing and requires at least three directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                             |
| Personal Liability Company | Inc.         | Share-capital company under the Companies Act where past and present directors are jointly and severally liable for debts; used by professional firms (attorneys, auditors). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                 |
| State-Owned Company        | SOC Ltd      | Share-capital company owned by the national or provincial government, subject to the Companies Act and the Public Finance Management Act. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                    |
| Close Corporation          | CC           | Member-based, limited-liability entity under the Close Corporations Act 69 of 1984; no shares, up to 10 members. No new CCs may be registered since May 2011, but existing CCs continue to operate. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| General Partnership        | —            | Unregistered contractual arrangement between two or more persons carrying on business for profit; all partners bear unlimited joint liability. Not a separate legal entity. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.         |
| En Commandite Partnership  | —            | Partnership in which one or more silent (en commandite) partners contribute capital and enjoy limited liability while at least one general partner bears unlimited liability. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.       |
| Sole Proprietorship        | —            | A single natural person trading in their own name or under a trade name; no separate legal entity and no CIPC registration required. The owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.  |
| Co-operative               | Co-op        | Member-owned and -controlled entity incorporated under the Co-operatives Act 14 of 2005; profits distributed on a patronage basis rather than share capital. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                            |
| Non-Profit Company         | NPC          | Company with no share capital that may not distribute income or assets to members; used by NGOs, charities, and religious bodies. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                                 |
| External Company           | —            | Foreign company that conducts business or non-profit activities within South Africa and must register with CIPC; equivalent to a foreign branch or representative office. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Registration Certificate                                          |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum of Incorporation (MOI)                                 |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* SARS Tax Reference · VAT Notice                     |
| Operating Permit       | Municipal Business License                                        |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Memorandum of Incorporation + Securities Register |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* CoR 39 · CoR 14.1A                                  |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement     |
| Good Standing          | Letter of Good Standing                                           |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                  | Proves                                    |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| **Registration Certificate (CoR 14.3)**                                   | Legal Registration                        |
| **Memorandum of Incorporation (MOI)**                                     | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records |
| **SARS Tax Reference**                                                    | Tax Registration                          |
| **VAT Notice**                                                            | Tax Registration                          |
| **Municipal Business License**                                            | Operating Permit                          |
| **Securities Register**                                                   | Ownership Records                         |
| **CoR 39 (Notice of Change of Company Directors)**                        | Governance Records                        |
| **CoR 14.1A (Initial Directors — annexure to CoR 14.1 at incorporation)** | Governance Records                        |
| **Board Resolution (account opening)**                                    | Signing Authority                         |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                       | Address                                   |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                           | Address                                   |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                         | Address                                   |
| **Letter of Good Standing (CIPC)**                                        | Good Standing                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                               | SARB, FSCA, NCR, ICASA                    |

### Collection notes

* **Governance Records:** CoR 14.1A is the Initial Directors annexure filed with the Notice of Incorporation (CoR 14.1) at registration; CoR 39 is the Notice of Change of Company Directors used for every subsequent appointment, resignation, or removal. Together they cover the historical and current director set under the Companies Act 71 of 2008.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description                             |
| ---------- | -------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. Min 1 (Pty Ltd), 3 (Ltd). |

## Notes

* Uses a single MOI — there is no separate Memorandum and Articles.
* B-BBEE is a procurement scorecard, not an operating license; do not gate onboarding on it.


# South Korea
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/south-korea

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in South Korea (KOR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                            |
| ------------ | -------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | KR / KOR                         |
| Registry     | Supreme Court Registry (대법원 등기소) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                       |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in South Korea and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                      | Issuer                    |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **사업자등록번호 (Business Registration Number, BRN)** | NTS / district tax office |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **법인등록번호 (Corporate Registration Number, CRN)** | Supreme Court Registry    |

*Tax ID:* 10 digits, format XXX-XX-XXXXX. First 3 digits = regional tax office; digits 4–5 = entity type code; digits 6–9 = serial; digit 10 = check digit. Universal business identifier; appears on every 사업자등록증.

*Registration number:* 13 digits, format XXXXXX-XXXXXXX. Registry-side identifier assigned at court on incorporation. As of 2025-01-31, the serial portion was expanded from 6 to 7 digits and the checksum digit abolished for newly issued numbers.

## Sector regulators

`FSC` · `FSS` · `BoK` · `KRX` · `KSFC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                  | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 주식회사 (Jusik Hoesa)                          | JSC          | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares, a board of directors, and full limited liability; the dominant form for listed companies, large enterprises, and FDI subsidiaries under KCC Art. 288 et seq. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                    |
| 유한회사 (Yuhan Hoesa)                          | Ltd.         | Quota-based limited company capped at 50 members; transfer restrictions apply; simpler governance than a JSC; popular for small-to-medium foreign-owned entities and joint ventures. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                |
| 유한책임회사 (Yuhan Chaegim Hoesa)                | LLC          | Member-managed limited liability company introduced by the 2011 KCC revision; highly flexible internal governance via articles of association; all members have limited liability. Closest US equivalent: LLC (multi-member).                                   |
| 합명회사 (Hapmyeong Hoesa)                      | —            | Unlimited partnership in which all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability for company debts; rarely used in practice. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                            |
| 합자회사 (Hapja Hoesa)                          | —            | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and at least one limited partner (liability capped at contribution); rarely used in practice. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                      |
| 개인사업자 (Gaeinsaeopja)                        | —            | Sole proprietor; a single natural person registered with the NTS (BRN issued); no separate legal entity and no court CRN; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                     |
| 협동조합 (Hyeopdong Johap)                      | —            | Cooperative incorporated under the Framework Act on Cooperatives (2012); member-owned and democratically governed; separate legal personality; not a commercial company under the KCC. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                      |
| 외국회사 국내지점 (Foreign Company Branch Office)   | —            | Domestic branch of a foreign company registered under KCC Art. 181; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent bears full liability; may conduct commercial activities and must appoint a local representative. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |
| 외국회사 연락사무소 (Foreign Company Liaison Office) | —            | Non-commercial representative office of a foreign company; restricted to liaison, research, and promotional activities; may not generate revenue; registered only with the NTS (BRN), no court registration required. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                           |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | 등기사항전부증명서                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | 정관                                         |
| Tax Registration       | 사업자등록증                                     |
| Ownership Records      | 주주명부                                       |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* 이사회 의사록 + 법인인감증명서          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* 임대차계약서 · 공공요금 청구서 · 은행 거래내역서 |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                       | Proves                                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **등기사항전부증명서 (Corporate Registry Extract)**     | Legal Registration                                                         |
| **정관 (Articles of Incorporation)**             | Constitutive Documents                                                     |
| **사업자등록증 (Business Registration Certificate)** | Tax Registration                                                           |
| **주주명부 (Shareholders Register)**               | Ownership Records                                                          |
| **이사회 의사록 (Board Resolution / Minutes)**       | Signing Authority                                                          |
| **법인인감증명서 (Corporate Seal Certificate)**       | Signing Authority                                                          |
| **임대차계약서**                                     | Address                                                                    |
| **공공요금 청구서 (최근 90일 이내)**                       | Address                                                                    |
| **은행 거래내역서 (최근 90일 이내)**                       | Address                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                    | FSC/FSS license, BoK payment institution registration, KRX member approval |

**Not applicable in South Korea:** Operating Permit, Governance Records, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Obtained from iros.go.kr; confirms CRN, legal existence, directors, capital.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarized at formation for JSC; filed with court registry; obtain certified copy from iros.go.kr or direct from company.
* **Tax Registration:** NTS-issued; bears BRN (XXX-XX-XXXXX); downloadable via hometax.go.kr. BRN and CRN are two distinct numbers.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for financial services, payment processing, securities dealing, insurance.
* **Ownership Records:** Company-maintained; not a public register.
* **Signing Authority:** The corporate seal certificate (valid 3 months) accompanies the board resolution and is the standard execution package for binding authority in Korea.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                     | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                       |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 대표이사 (Daepyo Isa — Representative Director)    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Sole authority to legally bind the company externally; registered in the court registry; uses the corporate seal. |
| 사내이사 (Sanae Isa — Inside Director)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director engaged in day-to-day management; board member with operational authority.                     |
| 사외이사 (Saoe Isa — Outside/Independent Director) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive independent director; governance and oversight role; required for large listed companies.           |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                  | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Corporate Seal Certificate (법인인감증명서)` | founder    | Required at incorporation and for binding corporate acts; issued by court registry; valid 3 months only — request fresh copy at onboarding. |

## Notes

* Two distinct identifier numbers: the BRN (10-digit, NTS) and CRN (13-digit, court registry) serve different functions — collect both. They are not interchangeable and appear on different documents.
* Corporate Seal Certificate is time-limited: the 법인인감증명서 has a 3-month validity; a stale certificate is routinely rejected. Always request a fresh issuance dated within the prior 3 months.
* CRN format changed 2025-01-31: numbers issued from that date have a 7-digit serial portion and no check digit — validation routines that rely on the old checksum will fail for newly incorporated entities.


# Spain
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/spain

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Spain (ESP) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value              |
| ------------ | ------------------ |
| Region       | Europe             |
| ISO 3166-1   | ES / ESP           |
| Registry     | Registro Mercantil |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Spain and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**    | AEAT   |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **NIF**    | AEAT   |

*Tax ID:* The NIF is the universal entity identifier; also the registry reference for Registro Mercantil extracts. The número de hoja mercantil (sheet number in provincial register) is a secondary locator.

*Registration number:* The NIF is the universal entity identifier; also the registry reference for Registro Mercantil extracts. The número de hoja mercantil (sheet number in provincial register) is a secondary locator.

## Sector regulators

`Banco de España` · `CNMV` · `DGSFP` · `SEPBLAC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                       | Abbreviation    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------ | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada             | S.L.            | The default SME vehicle; quota-based limited-liability company with transferable but restricted participaciones. Minimum capital €1 (Ley 18/2022). Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                                                |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada Unipersonal | S.L.U.          | Single-member S.L.; unipersonal status is noted on the Registro Mercantil extract and must be declared. Closest US equivalent: Single-Member LLC (SMLLC).                                                                                                     |
| Sociedad Limitada Nueva Empresa                  | S.L.N.E.        | Simplified S.L. variant created by Ley 7/2003 for entrepreneurs; up to five natural-person founders at formation, capital €3,000–€120,000. Still registrable despite reduced usage post-Ley 18/2022. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                              |
| Sociedad Anónima                                 | S.A.            | Public-facing or large corporate form; freely transferable shares and minimum paid-in capital of €60,000. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                      |
| Sociedad Anónima Unipersonal                     | S.A.U.          | Single-shareholder S.A.; unipersonal status inscribed in the Registro Mercantil. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                               |
| Sociedad Anónima Europea                         | S.E.            | European public limited-liability company registered in Spain under EU Regulation 2157/2001; minimum capital €120,000, shares freely transferable across EU. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                   |
| Sociedad Colectiva                               | S.C.            | General partnership; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                              |
| Sociedad Comanditaria Simple                     | S. Com.         | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one limited partner (liability capped at contribution). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                      |
| Sociedad Comanditaria por Acciones               | S.C.A.          | Limited partnership whose limited-partner interests are represented by freely transferable shares; at least one general partner retains unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                 |
| Empresario Individual / Autónomo                 | —               | Sole trader operating under their own name or a trade name; no separate legal entity and unlimited personal liability. Registered in Censo AEAT (Form 036/037) and optionally in the Registro Mercantil. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.          |
| Sociedad Cooperativa                             | S. Coop.        | Member-owned cooperative society governed by democratic control; registered with the Registro de Cooperativas (national or regional). Common in agriculture, housing, and worker-owned services. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                          |
| Sociedad Laboral                                 | S.A.L. / S.L.L. | Worker-majority SA (S.A.L.) or SL (S.L.L.) in which employees holding permanent contracts own at least 51% of share capital; registered in the Registro de Sociedades Laborales before Registro Mercantil inscription. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.    |
| Agrupación de Interés Económico                  | A.I.E.          | Economic interest grouping enabling members to coordinate activities without forming a separate profit-seeking company; members bear unlimited joint liability. Must be inscribed in the Registro Mercantil. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). |
| Comunidad de Bienes                              | C.B.            | Joint-ownership arrangement in which two or more persons co-own assets and share revenues; no separate legal personality or minimum capital. Registered with AEAT only. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                      |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera                  | —               | Branch of a foreign company operating in Spain; no separate legal personality, parent company bears full liability. Must be inscribed in the Registro Mercantil. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                      |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Nota Simple · Certificación Registral                                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura de Constitución + Estatutos Sociales                                        |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Certificado de Alta en el Censo · Tarjeta NIF                                           |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Licencia de Actividad · Licencia de Apertura                                            |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Libro-Registro de Socios · Libro-Registro de Acciones Nominativas                       |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Certificación Registral · Nota Simple                                                   |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Escritura de Poder Notarial · Acta de Junta o de Consejo con facultades representativas |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de arrendamiento · Factura de suministros · Estado de Cuenta Bancario          |
| Good Standing          | Certificado de Vigencia                                                                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Nota Simple**                                               | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                                                 |
| **Certificación Registral (Registro Mercantil)**              | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                                                                 |
| **Escritura de Constitución**                                 | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                 |
| **Estatutos Sociales**                                        | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                 |
| **Certificado de Alta en el Censo**                           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                       |
| **Tarjeta NIF (AEAT)**                                        | Tax Registration                                                                                                                       |
| **Licencia de Actividad**                                     | Operating Permit                                                                                                                       |
| **Licencia de Apertura (municipal)**                          | Operating Permit                                                                                                                       |
| **Libro-Registro de Socios (S.L.)**                           | Ownership Records                                                                                                                      |
| **Libro-Registro de Acciones Nominativas (S.A.)**             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                      |
| **Escritura de Poder Notarial**                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                      |
| **Acta de Junta o de Consejo con facultades representativas** | Signing Authority                                                                                                                      |
| **Contrato de arrendamiento**                                 | Address                                                                                                                                |
| **Factura de suministros (≤90 días)**                         | Address                                                                                                                                |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**                      | Address                                                                                                                                |
| **Certificación Registral de Vigencia (Registro Mercantil)**  | Good Standing                                                                                                                          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                   | Autorización del Banco de España (entidades de crédito / servicios de pago), CNMV authorization (investment firms), Autorización DGSFP |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Obtain via sede.registradores.org. Nota simple is informational; Certificación is evidentiary. Provincial register for domicile; RMC for name/denomination index.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Paired: notarial deed (escritura) + statutes (estatutos). Both inscribed in the Registro Mercantil; confirmed by BORME publication.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued after Form 036 filing. NIF is provisional until notarial deed + Registro Mercantil inscription are provided. Definitive NIF confirmation letter from AEAT is the artifact to collect.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the ayuntamiento (town hall) of the premises municipality. Name varies by municipality; same substantive requirement.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated-sector customers.
* **Governance Records:** Administrator appointments inscribed in provincial Registro Mercantil; confirmed in extract.
* **Signing Authority:** Notarized POA most common. Board/members' meeting minutes (acta) with express grant of authority also accepted.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Order via sede.registradores.org from the provincial Registro Mercantil where the company is domiciled. The Certificación (evidentiary) is the formal good-standing instrument and confirms the company is legally constituted, not dissolved, and free of registry-recorded restrictions. The Nota Simple is informational and reflects register state at time of issue but is not evidentiary. Banks typically require issuance within 30 days; cross-border use commonly 60-90 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Administrador Único                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole director with day-to-day executive authority in S.L.                     |
| Administrador Solidario / Mancomunado | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Joint or several director(s); operational authority.                          |
| Consejero Delegado                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director delegated by the board; primary day-to-day officer in S.A. |
| Consejero (Consejo de Administración) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive board member on S.A. governing board.                           |
| Apoderado / Representante Legal       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized power of attorney; authorized to bind the company.        |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                                          | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `DNI (for Spanish nationals) or NIE (for foreign individuals)` | shareholder | Registro Mercantil inscriptions and AEAT NIF filings require individual tax/identity numbers for all socios and administradores; notary refuses deed without valid DNI/NIE. |

## Notes

* Single identifier: NIF serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value.
* The NIF is both the tax ID and the primary registry identifier — there is no separate "company registration number" distinct from the NIF in Spanish practice. Collect the NIF; it unlocks both the AEAT census record and the Registro Mercantil extract.
* Nota simple vs. Certificación: a nota simple is informational and lacks evidentiary value for legal or judicial purposes. For binding KYB use, request a certificación registral (signed by the registrar). The sede.registradores.org portal issues either form digitally.
* S.L. minimum capital of €1 (Ley 18/2022, eff. 2022-10-19): companies capitalized below €3,000 must reserve 20% of annual profits until capital + reserve = €3,000; partners bear joint and several liability for the shortfall in liquidation. Flag this risk tier in onboarding.


# Sri Lanka
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/sri-lanka

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Sri Lanka (LKA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | LK / LKA                     |
| Registry     | DRC                          |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Sri Lanka and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                          |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                         | Inland Revenue Department (IRD) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | DRC                             |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit numeric code; first 9 digits of VAT number match TIN. Issued via RAMIS e-services at eservices.ird.gov.lk.

*Registration number:* Prefixed PV (private) or PB (public); assigned on incorporation and displayed in eROC.

## Sector regulators

`CBSL` · `SEC SL` · `IRCSL` · `FIU`

## Legal structures

| Local name                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ---------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Limited Company      | (Pvt) Ltd    | Closely-held company limited by shares under the Companies Act No. 7 of 2007; share transfer restricted, membership capped at 50, cannot offer shares to the public. The dominant SME vehicle in Sri Lanka. Equivalent to a US LLC.                           |
| Public Limited Company       | PLC          | Share-capital company that may offer shares to the public; minimum 7 shareholders; subject to SEC SL disclosure rules and eligible for stock exchange listing. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                 |
| Company Limited by Guarantee | —            | Non-share company under the Companies Act No. 7 of 2007; members guarantee a fixed contribution on winding-up; used by nonprofits, professional associations, and charities. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                    |
| Unlimited Company            | —            | Company with share capital but with no limit on members' liability; registered with DRC under the Companies Act No. 7 of 2007; rare in practice. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                               |
| Off-Shore Company            | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Act No. 7 of 2007 but restricted from trading within Sri Lanka; used for holding or treasury operations conducted entirely outside Sri Lanka. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                 |
| Foreign Company (Branch)     | —            | Foreign entity registered with the DRC to carry on business in Sri Lanka; no separate legal personality from the parent; liability rests with the foreign parent. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                   |
| Partnership                  | —            | Two to twenty persons carrying on business in common under the Partnership Ordinance (Cap. 179); all partners bear unlimited joint liability; no limited-partnership variant exists under current Sri Lankan law. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership. |
| Cooperative Society          | —            | Member-owned enterprise registered under the Co-operative Societies Law No. 5 of 1972 with the Department of Cooperative Development; members share profits and liability is limited to subscribed shares. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                |
| Sole Proprietorship          | —            | Single natural person trading under the Business Names Ordinance (Cap. 180); registered at the Divisional Secretariat; no separate legal entity and full personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                         |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Association                                                  |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Certificate                          |
| Operating Permit       | Trade License                                                            |
| Ownership Records      | Shareholder Register                                                     |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Directors Register · Form 1 Extract (Director Particulars) |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution or Notarially Attested Power of Attorney                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement            |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                             |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                      | Proves                 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                              | Legal Registration     |
| **Articles of Association**                                   | Constitutive Documents |
| **TIN Certificate**                                           | Tax Registration       |
| **VAT Certificate**                                           | Tax Registration       |
| **Trade License**                                             | Operating Permit       |
| **Shareholder Register**                                      | Ownership Records      |
| **Directors Register**                                        | Governance Records     |
| **Form 1 Extract (Director Particulars)**                     | Governance Records     |
| **Board Resolution or Notarially Attested Power of Attorney** | Signing Authority      |
| **Lease Agreement**                                           | Address                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                               | Address                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (DRC)**                        | Good Standing          |

**Not applicable in Sri Lanka:** Sector-Specific License. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloaded from eROC dashboard (no physical certificate issued since eROC launch); includes PV/PB number.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed at DRC with Form 1 on incorporation; single constitutive document (no separate memorandum under 2007 Act).
* **Tax Registration:** TIN from IRD RAMIS; VAT certificate also from IRD if turnover threshold met (LKR 36 m p.a. from 2026-04-01; previously LKR 60 m). Collect both where applicable.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local Municipal Council or Pradeshiya Sabha; sector-neutral business premises permit.
* **Ownership Records:** Internal register maintained at the company's registered office; records members' names, addresses, and share holdings.
* **Governance Records:** Maintained at registered office under Companies Act No. 7 of 2007; changes notified to DRC via eROC.
* **Signing Authority:** POA executed per Companies Act No. 7 of 2007 s.19 (signed by two directors or authorised signatory); board resolution sufficient for routine banking mandates.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued on request by the Department of the Registrar of Companies under the Companies Act No. 7 of 2007; downloadable via the eROC dashboard for compliant companies. Request a certificate dated within 30–90 days of submission; banks typically require ≤30 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role             | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                        |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed to board; exercises day-to-day management; executive function.           |
| Non-Executive Director | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board-level governance role without operational authority.                         |
| Attorney / POA Holder  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized under notarially attested instrument (s.19) to bind the company. |

## Notes

* No physical Certificate of Incorporation: DRC stopped issuing physical certificates; integrators must download the digitally signed PDF from the eROC dashboard. Verify authenticity via eROC search at eroc.drc.gov.lk.
* Sri Lanka is NOT a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (HCCH Status Table, cid=41): foreign public documents require full consular legalisation chain via the Sri Lanka Ministry of Foreign Affairs; apostille from a foreign authority alone is not accepted.
* No limited partnership form: The Partnership Ordinance (Cap. 179) creates general partnerships only — all partners bear unlimited joint liability. There is no statutory limited partnership vehicle.
* VAT threshold lowered: From 2026-04-01, businesses above LKR 36 million annual turnover (previously LKR 60 million) must register for VAT; a TIN certificate alone may exist for entities below the threshold. Confirm VAT status separately when onboarding lower-turnover entities.


# Suriname
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/suriname

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Suriname (SUR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                 |
| ------------ | --------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America         |
| ISO 3166-1   | SR / SUR              |
| Registry     | KKF (Handelsregister) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06            |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Suriname and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                | Issuer                   |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **FIN**                   | Belastingdienst Suriname |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **KKF-registratienummer** | KKF (Handelsregister)    |

*Tax ID:* Issued on VAT registration certificate (BTW-registratiebewijs); replaces legacy TOT number.

*Registration number:* Assigned at registration; appears on Uittreksel Handelsregister extract. Format: numeric file number.

## Sector regulators

`CBvS` · `FIU Suriname/MOT` · `KKF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                             | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Naamloze Vennootschap                  | N.V.         | Share-capital company with separate legal personality; incorporated by notarial deed and KKF registration; shareholders have limited liability. The sole share-capital vehicle in Surinamese law. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                          |
| Vennootschap onder Firma               | V.O.F.       | General partnership of two or more persons conducting business under a common name; all partners bear unlimited joint liability; separate legal personality; KKF registration required. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                  |
| Commanditaire Vennootschap             | C.V.         | Limited partnership with at least one managing partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more silent (commanditaire) partners with liability capped at their contribution; KKF registration required. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                               |
| Maatschap                              | —            | Civil-law partnership of two or more persons pooling contributions toward a common purpose; no separate legal personality; partners share profits and bear personal liability pro rata. Used primarily by professionals (lawyers, accountants). Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                          |
| Eenmanszaak                            | —            | Sole proprietorship operated by a single natural person; no separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability; KKF registration required. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                  |
| Coöperatieve Vereniging                | —            | Cooperative association formed by members to pursue shared economic or social objectives; incorporated by notarial deed; must be registered in the KKF trade register. Common in agriculture, credit, and housing sectors. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                                                            |
| Stichting                              | —            | Foundation with separate legal personality, established by notarial deed for social, charitable, or economic purposes; no members or shareholders; registered in the Public Foundation Register and (if conducting economic activities) also in the KKF trade register. Equivalent to a US Foundation or Association. |
| Vereniging                             | —            | Membership association with legal personality; incorporated by notarial deed; must register at KKF if conducting economic activities. Used for trade associations, professional bodies, and non-profit purposes. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation or Association.                                             |
| Buitenlandse Vennootschap (bijkantoor) | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign legal entity registered in the KKF trade register; not a separate legal entity — the parent company retains full liability. Equivalent to a US Branch or Representative Office.                                                                                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Notariële Akte van Oprichting + Statuten      |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* FIN · BTW-registratiebewijs                     |
| Operating Permit       | Bedrijfsvergunning                                            |
| Ownership Records      | Aandeelhoudersregister                                        |
| Governance Records     | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Bestuursbesluit · Notariële Volmacht            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Huurovereenkomst · Nutsrekening · Bankafschrift |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                          | Proves                                 |
| --------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| **Uittreksel Handelsregister**    | Legal Registration, Governance Records |
| **Notariële Akte van Oprichting** | Constitutive Documents                 |
| **Statuten**                      | Constitutive Documents                 |
| **FIN**                           | Tax Registration                       |
| **BTW-registratiebewijs**         | Tax Registration                       |
| **Bedrijfsvergunning**            | Operating Permit                       |
| **Aandeelhoudersregister**        | Ownership Records                      |
| **Bestuursbesluit**               | Signing Authority                      |
| **Notariële Volmacht**            | Signing Authority                      |
| **Huurovereenkomst**              | Address                                |
| **Nutsrekening (≤90 dagen)**      | Address                                |
| **Bankafschrift (≤90 dagen)**     | Address                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**       | CBvS vergunning                        |

**Not applicable in Suriname:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** KKF extract confirming legal existence, registration number, registered address, and directors.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarial deed plus articles (statuten) required for N.V.; notarial deed mandatory for any amendment.
* **Tax Registration:** VAT registration certificate issued by Belastingdienst Suriname carrying the FIN; mandatory for BTW-liable businesses.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by Business Licenses Department, Ministry of Economic Affairs; valid 3 years; required for companies in designated regulated sectors.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBvS licenses for banks, insurance, pension funds, money exchange, money transfer, and securities firms; FIU registration required for non-bank financial intermediaries.
* **Ownership Records:** N.V. must maintain a shareholders register; publicly traded shares excepted.
* **Governance Records:** Directors (directeuren) listed in the KKF Handelsregister extract; N.V. may have an optional Raad van Commissarissen (supervisory board) whose members are also listed.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution (bestuursbesluit) by the N.V. directors; or a notarially executed power of attorney (notariële volmacht).
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role        | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                             |
| ----------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Beherende vennoot | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Managing partner in C.V.; conducts daily operations and binds the entity.               |
| Directeur         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director of N.V.; authorized to conduct legal transactions and manage daily operations. |
| Gevolmachtigde    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notariële volmacht; authorized to act on behalf of the company.               |
| Commissaris (RvC) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the Raad van Commissarissen (optional supervisory board) in larger N.V.s.     |

## Notes

* No B.V. structure. The private limited liability company (besloten vennootschap) does not exist in Surinamese law; the N.V. is the sole share-capital vehicle. Do not accept B.V. formations as valid local entities.
* New Civil Code + Handelsregisterwet in effect from 2025-05-01. S.B. 2024 nos. 164 and 169 replaced the Burgerlijk Wetboek and the 1936 Trade Register ordinance; the presidential "verklaring van geen bezwaar" for standard-statute N.V.s is abolished. Existing N.V.s continue under transitional rules.
* VAT introduced January 2023; FIN replaces legacy TOT number. Businesses incorporated before 2023 may carry both legacy TOT numbers and the new FIN. Collect the FIN from the BTW-registratiebewijs.
* Apostille party by succession. Suriname is a contracting party to the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention (entry into force 1975-11-25; succession declared 1976-10-29). Documents certified with apostille are accepted internationally.


# Sweden
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/sweden

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Sweden (SWE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value        |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| Region       | Europe       |
| ISO 3166-1   | SE / SWE     |
| Registry     | Bolagsverket |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Sweden and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                               | Issuer       |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Momsregistreringsnummer (VAT number)** | Skatteverket |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Organisationsnummer**                  | Bolagsverket |

*Tax ID:* Format: SE + 10-digit Organisationsnummer + 01 (12 digits total, e.g. SE556000000001). No hyphens.

*Registration number:* 10-digit format XXXXXX-XXXX. Universal identifier for all registered legal entities.

## Sector regulators

`Finansinspektionen` · `Riksbanken`

## Legal structures

| Local name         | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------ | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Privat aktiebolag  | AB           | Private limited company with share capital (min. SEK 25,000); separate legal personality; shares are transferable but not publicly listed. The dominant SME and fintech vehicle in Sweden. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                       |
| Publikt aktiebolag | Publ. AB     | Public limited company with share capital (min. SEK 500,000); shares may be listed on a stock exchange; mandatory CEO (VD). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                   |
| Handelsbolag       | HB           | General partnership of two or more partners; no minimum capital; all partners bear unlimited joint and several personal liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                          |
| Kommanditbolag     | KB           | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (komplementär, unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (kommanditdelägare, liability limited to capital contribution). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).  |
| Enskild firma      | —            | Sole trader; no separate legal entity; the individual owner bears unlimited personal liability; registered with Bolagsverket or Skatteverket. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship.                                                    |
| Ekonomisk förening | —            | Cooperative association requiring at least three members; members share profits and losses; liability limited to capital contribution; must register with Bolagsverket. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                  |
| Filial             | —            | Branch of a foreign company registered in Sweden; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent bears full liability; must appoint a resident managing director and register with Bolagsverket. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                      |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Registreringsbevis                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | Bolagsordning                                         |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* Momsregistreringsbevis + F-skattsedel |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Kommunalt tillstånd · Anmälan           |
| Ownership Records      | Aktiebok                                              |
| Governance Records     | Registreringsbevis                                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Styrelsebeslut · Fullmakt               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Hyreskontrakt · Elräkning · Kontoutdrag |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                    | Proves                                 |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| **Registreringsbevis**                                                      | Legal Registration, Governance Records |
| **Bolagsordning**                                                           | Constitutive Documents                 |
| **Momsregistreringsbevis (VAT)**                                            | Tax Registration                       |
| **F-skattsedel (F-tax)**                                                    | Tax Registration                       |
| **Kommunalt tillstånd**                                                     | Operating Permit                       |
| **Anmälan (kommunal verksamhetsanmälan — municipal activity notification)** | Operating Permit                       |
| **Aktiebok**                                                                | Ownership Records                      |
| **Styrelsebeslut (board resolution)**                                       | Signing Authority                      |
| **Fullmakt (power of attorney)**                                            | Signing Authority                      |
| **Hyreskontrakt**                                                           | Address                                |
| **Elräkning (≤90 dagar)**                                                   | Address                                |
| **Kontoutdrag (≤90 dagar)**                                                 | Address                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                 | FI tillstånd (FI licence)              |

**Not applicable in Sweden:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Ordered from Bolagsverket (bolagsverket.se); available in English; e-certificate issued by email. Treat as stale after 3 months.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with and held by Bolagsverket; obtainable as PDF.
* **Tax Registration:** Both issued by Skatteverket. F-skattsedel confirms approved tax status; VAT certificate confirms SE-number.
* **Operating Permit:** Municipality-issued permit or notification; requirements vary by activity and municipality. Many businesses need only registration — no universal general business licence exists.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Finansinspektionen issues licences for credit institutions, payment institutions, e-money institutions, securities firms, insurance companies, and fund managers.
* **Ownership Records:** Aktiebok is company-maintained and collected directly from the entity. For Swedish ABs with more than 500 shareholders, Euroclear Sweden acts as central securities depository.
* **Governance Records:** Board members (styrelseledamöter), chairman (styrelseordförande), and VD registered with Bolagsverket and reflected in the Registreringsbevis.
* **Signing Authority:** Board determines firmateckning (signing authority); special signatories (särskilda firmatecknare) registered at Bolagsverket. A fullmakt must be signed by authorised firmatecknare.
* **Address:** Lease agreement has no time limit; utility bill or bank statement must be dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                           | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Styrelseledamot (board member)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board of directors; governance and oversight role.                              |
| Styrelseordförande (board chair)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chairs board meetings; governance role; elected by the board.                                 |
| Verkställande direktör / VD (CEO)    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational executive appointed by the board; mandatory for Publ. AB, optional for privat AB. |
| Firmatecknare (authorized signatory) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person registered at Bolagsverket with authority to sign on behalf of the company.            |
| Fullmaktshavare (POA holder)         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person holding a board-issued power of attorney to act for the company.                       |
| Komplementär (general partner, KB)   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | General partner in a Kommanditbolag; unlimited liability; manages the partnership.            |

## Notes

* Aktiebok is company-held, not centrally filed. The shareholder register for a privat AB is maintained by the company (not Bolagsverket); collect it directly from the entity. (Publ. AB with >500 shareholders use Euroclear Sweden for central registration.)
* F-skattsedel is a critical tax-status signal. Swedish B2B counterparties must deduct preliminary tax if a supplier lacks an approved F-tax certificate; its absence is a red flag for an unregistered business.


# Switzerland
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/switzerland

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Switzerland (CHE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                             |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Europe                                                                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | CH / CHE                                                                          |
| Registry     | [Handelsregisteramt (cantonal commercial registry) / ZEFIX](https://www.zefix.ch) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Switzerland and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                   | Issuer                           |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **MWST-Nr / TVA / IVA**                      | ESTV                             |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **UID (Unternehmens-Identifikationsnummer)** | BFS (Federal Statistical Office) |

*Tax ID:* UID + language-specific suffix (MWST / TVA / IVA). Only VAT-registered entities receive this. Non-VAT entities use UID alone.

*Registration number:* Format: CHE-NNN.NNN.NNN (12 chars; last digit checksum). Assigned at Handelsregister entry. Primary cross-government identifier.

## Sector regulators

`FINMA` · `SNB` · `MROS` · `ESTV`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Aktiengesellschaft                    | AG           | Share-capital corporation; CHF 100k min capital (CHF 50k paid-in); board of directors (Verwaltungsrat) required; shares freely transferable. Most common form for larger and international companies. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                 |
| Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | GmbH         | Quota-based limited-liability company; CHF 20k min capital (fully paid-in); managed by Geschäftsführer; quota interests registered in Handelsregister. The default SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                          |
| Kollektivgesellschaft                 | —            | General partnership of two or more persons; all partners jointly and severally liable; no separate legal personality. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                               |
| Kommanditgesellschaft                 | —            | Limited partnership; at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                 |
| Einzelunternehmen                     | —            | Sole proprietorship; single natural person trading under their own name; owner personally liable; registration in the Handelsregister mandatory when annual revenue reaches CHF 100k. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                    |
| Genossenschaft                        | —            | Cooperative society; variable membership and capital; governed by its members for their collective benefit; must register in the Handelsregister. Widely used in Swiss banking (Raiffeisen), retail (Migros, Coop), and housing. Equivalent to a US Cooperative. |
| Stiftung                              | —            | Foundation; assets dedicated by a founder to a specified purpose; must register in the Handelsregister to gain legal personality (mandatory since 2016); min CHF 50k founding capital. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                     |
| Verein                                | —            | Non-profit association of persons united by a common purpose; governed by its members; Handelsregister entry required when conducting a commercial enterprise with annual turnover ≥ CHF 100k. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                         |
| Zweigniederlassung                    | —            | Branch office of a foreign company; no separate legal personality — the foreign parent remains liable; must register in the cantonal Handelsregister and appoint a Switzerland-domiciled authorised signatory. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.             |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Handelsregisterauszug                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuten                                                      |
| Tax Registration       | *All required:* UID-Bescheinigung + MWST-Bescheinigung        |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Aktienbuch · Anteilbuch                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Verwaltungsratsbeschluss · Vollmacht            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Mietvertrag · Versorgungsrechnung · Kontoauszug |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                               | Proves                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------ |
| **Handelsregisterauszug (ZEFIX / cantonal HR)**        | Legal Registration                   |
| **Statuten**                                           | Constitutive Documents               |
| **UID-Bescheinigung (BFS)**                            | Tax Registration                     |
| **MWST-Bescheinigung (ESTV)**                          | Tax Registration                     |
| **Aktienbuch (AG — share register)**                   | Ownership Records                    |
| **Anteilbuch (GmbH — quota register)**                 | Ownership Records                    |
| **Verwaltungsratsbeschluss**                           | Signing Authority                    |
| **Notarielle Vollmacht (notarised power of attorney)** | Signing Authority                    |
| **Mietvertrag**                                        | Address                              |
| **Versorgungsrechnung (≤90 Tage)**                     | Address                              |
| **Kontoauszug (≤90 Tage)**                             | Address                              |
| **Sector-Specific License**                            | FINMA-Bewilligung (financial sector) |

**Not applicable in Switzerland:** Operating Permit, Governance Records, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Certified extract (beglaubigte Kopie) preferred; uncertified PDF available via zefix.admin.ch.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised public deed for AG; notarisation also required for GmbH formation. Filed with cantonal HR.
* **Tax Registration:** Non-VAT entities: UID-Bescheinigung alone. VAT-registered: MWST-Bescheinigung confirms CHE-NNN.NNN.NNN MWST.
* **Sector-Specific License:** FINMA for banks, securities dealers, insurers, fund managers. Other regulators per sector.
* **Ownership Records:** Company-held internal share register. For AG: Aktienbuch (registered shares). For GmbH: Anteilbuch (quota register).
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution for routine authority; notarised Vollmacht (POA) for specific external acts. Signature type (Einzelunterschrift / Kollektivunterschrift) is recorded in HR.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                               | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Verwaltungsrat (VR-Mitglied)                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of AG board of directors (Verwaltungsrat); governance, not operations.                                      |
| VR-Präsident                                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the Verwaltungsrat; governance role.                                                                      |
| Geschäftsführer (GmbH)                                   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing director of GmbH; day-to-day executive authority.                                                         |
| Delegierter des Verwaltungsrats                          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | VR member delegated daily management in AG; executive authority.                                                   |
| Zeichnungsberechtigter (Einzelunterschrift)              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorised signatory with sole signing power; recorded in HR; binds the company unilaterally.                      |
| Zeichnungsberechtigter (Kollektivunterschrift zu zweien) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorised signatory requiring joint signature of two; most common Swiss signing-authority form.                   |
| Prokurist                                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of Prokura (statutory commercial power of attorney under OR Art. 458–460); broad authority, recorded in HR. |

## Notes

* CO Art. 697(4) domicile rule: At least one person with signing authority (Einzelunterschrift or Kollektivunterschrift zu zweien) for the AG must be domiciled in Switzerland. The same requirement applies to the GmbH Geschäftsführer. This is a hard formation validity requirement — verify the HR extract confirms a Switzerland-domiciled signatory before onboarding.
* TJPG transition — dual regime in force today: The pre-TJPG BO framework (CO Art. 697j–697m; company-held internal register, threshold: reaches or exceeds 25%) remains the only operative law as of 2026-05-06. TJPG (BBl 2025 2900, adopted 2025-09-26) introduces a central federal Transparency Register (FOJ) but EIF has not been set by the Federal Council; expected \~mid-2026. Collect CO Art. 697j declarations now; plan for TJPG compliance once EIF is confirmed.
* Cantonal HR vs. ZEFIX: ZEFIX (zefix.admin.ch) is the federal index and is searchable, but the legally authoritative certified extract must be ordered from the relevant cantonal Handelsregisteramt. Uncertified ZEFIX PDFs are not authenticated documents for KYB purposes.


# Taiwan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/taiwan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Taiwan (TWN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value        |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific |
| ISO 3166-1   | TW / TWN     |
| Registry     | MOEA         |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Taiwan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name             | Issuer                           |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **統一編號 (same number)** | MOEA (assigned at incorporation) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **統一編號 (same number)** | MOEA (assigned at incorporation) |

*Tax ID:* Taiwan uses a single 8-digit identifier for both registry and tax purposes; no separate company number.

*Registration number:* Taiwan uses a single 8-digit identifier for both registry and tax purposes; no separate company number.

## Sector regulators

`FSC` · `CBC` · `NCC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                 | Abbreviation       | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------------------ | ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 股份有限公司 (Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī)              | Co., Ltd. (shares) | Company limited by shares; ≥3 directors plus ≥1 supervisor or audit committee; shares freely transferable; eligible for listing. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                     |
| 閉鎖性股份有限公司 (Bìsuǒxìng Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī) | Closed Co., Ltd.   | Closed company limited by shares; share transfer restrictions; flexible governance; ≤50 shareholders; cannot publicly issue shares. Closest US equivalent: S-Corp.                                                                  |
| 有限公司 (Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī)                      | Ltd.               | Limited liability company; 1+ shareholders; most common form (\~75% of registrations); capital contributions not freely tradable; no supervisor required. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                   |
| 無限公司 (Wúxiàn Gōngsī)                       | —                  | Unlimited company under the Company Act; all partners bear unlimited joint liability for company debts; rare in practice. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                   |
| 兩合公司 (Liǎnghé Gōngsī)                      | —                  | Mixed-liability company under the Company Act; one or more unlimited-liability partners plus one or more limited-liability partners; rare in practice. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                      |
| 有限合夥 (Yǒuxiàn Héhuǒ)                       | LP                 | Limited partnership under the Limited Partnership Act; separate legal person; ≥1 general partner (unlimited liability) plus ≥1 limited partner; commonly used for PE/VC funds. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.              |
| 合夥 (Héhuǒ)                                 | —                  | General partnership registered under the Business Registration Act; two or more persons sharing management and unlimited joint liability; not a separate legal entity. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                      |
| 獨資 (Dúzī)                                  | —                  | Sole proprietorship registered under the Business Registration Act; single natural person; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                              |
| 分公司 (Fēn Gōngsī)                           | Branch             | Branch office of a foreign company registered with MOEA; not a separate legal entity; parent company bears full liability; requires an appointed resident agent in Taiwan. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                |
| 辦事處 (Bànshì Chù)                           | Rep. Office        | Representative office of a foreign company; registered with MOEA; may not generate revenue or sign commercial contracts; limited to market research, liaison, and promotional activities. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                         |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | 設立登記表                                                    |
| Constitutive Documents | 章程                                                       |
| Tax Registration       | 統一編號稅籍資料                                                 |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* 營業許可證 · 商業登記證                              |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* 股東名冊 + MOEA Art. 22-1 annual declaration |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* 董事名冊 · 董監事名冊                               |
| Signing Authority      | 董事會決議 (Board Resolution)                                 |
| Address                | *Any one of:* 租賃契約 · 電費單 · 銀行對帳單                         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                        | Proves                 |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **設立登記表 (GCIS extract)**                        | Legal Registration     |
| **章程 (Articles of Incorporation)**              | Constitutive Documents |
| **統一編號稅籍資料 (UBN tax registration record, MOF)** | Tax Registration       |
| **營業許可證 (municipal operating permit)**          | Operating Permit       |
| **商業登記證 (municipal operating permit)**          | Operating Permit       |
| **股東名冊**                                        | Ownership Records      |
| **MOEA Art. 22-1 annual declaration**           | Ownership Records      |
| **董事名冊**                                        | Governance Records     |
| **董監事名冊 (embedded in GCIS extract)**            | Governance Records     |
| **董事會決議 (Board Resolution)**                    | Signing Authority      |
| **租賃契約**                                        | Address                |
| **電費單 (≤90日内)**                                 | Address                |
| **銀行對帳單 (≤90日内)**                               | Address                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                     | FSC License            |

**Not applicable in Taiwan:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Downloadable from findbiz.nat.gov.tw; includes UBN, entity type, paid-in capital, directors, address.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with MOEA at incorporation; public companies must file amendments; private companies hold copies internally.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by National Taxation Bureau; same 8-digit UBN; also shows VAT registration status.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by local city/county government; required before commencing operations; separate from MOEA registration.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for regulated sectors. FSC issues licenses under Banking Act, Securities and Exchange Act, Insurance Act.
* **Governance Records:** Director and supervisor information publicly searchable on findbiz.nat.gov.tw.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution standard for account opening; notarized POA for external representatives; foreign documents need TECO authentication.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                 |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 董事 (Dǒngshì) — Director                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member with day-to-day executive authority; chair (董事長) is the operational controller in small/private companies and rolls up to CONTROLLING\_PERSON. |
| 董事長 (Dǒngshì Zhǎng) — Chairman / President          | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Legal representative of the company; signs on behalf of entity; combines governance and execution in most private companies.                                |
| 經理人 (Jīnglǐ Rén) — Manager / Managerial Officer     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Named executive officer with day-to-day authority, reported under Art. 22-1.                                                                                |
| 代理人 (Dàilǐ Rén) — Agent / Authorized Representative | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | POA holder or resident agent for foreign branch; authorized to legally bind the entity.                                                                     |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                   | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ----------------------- | ----------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Nationality / ID type` | shareholder | MOEA Art. 22-1 requires nationality and ID number for all directors, supervisors, managers, and shareholders holding more than 10%; foreign shareholders must provide passport number. |

## Notes

* Single-identifier system: Taiwan uses one 8-digit UBN for both registry and tax purposes — there is no separate "company registration number" vs. "tax ID"; both API fields map to the same number.
* GCIS extract does NOT include shareholder list: The publicly downloadable 設立登記表 shows directors and paid-in capital but does not display individual shareholders; obtain 股東名冊 separately from the company.
* Taiwan is not a Hague Apostille member: Foreign documents for use in Taiwan (e.g. foreign corporate shareholder certificates, POAs) must be authenticated via Taipei Economic and Cultural Office (TECO) in the issuing country, not apostilled.
* Supervisor (監察人) vs. Audit Committee: 股份有限公司 may choose between a supervisor system and an FSC-mandated audit committee; post-2018 reforms allow public companies to opt for the audit committee — verify which system the entity uses when collecting governance documents.


# Tajikistan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/tajikistan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Tajikistan (TJK) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | TJ / TJK                     |
| Registry     | Tax Committee                |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Tajikistan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                      | Issuer        |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **INN / РМА (Рақами мушаххаси андозсупоранда)** | Tax Committee |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **EIN / РЯМ (Рақами ягонаи мушаххаси)**         | Tax Committee |

*Tax ID:* 9-digit number; same number serves as VAT identifier; displayed on the TIN certificate.

*Registration number:* Separate 9-digit registry identifier assigned at registration; both EIN and INN appear in the Unified State Register extract.

## Sector regulators

`NBT` · `Tax Committee`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                                | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Ҷамъияти бо масъулияти маҳдуд (Society with Limited Liability)            | ЖММ / ООО    | Member-owned company with charter capital divided into participatory shares; maximum 30 participants; minimum capital TJS 500. The standard SME vehicle in Tajikistan. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                          |
| Ҷамъияти бо масъулияти иловагӣ (Additional Liability Company)             | ЖМИ / ОДО    | Quota-based company in which members bear joint-and-several additional personal liability for company obligations beyond their contributed capital, in a multiple defined in the charter. Recognized in the Tajik Civil Code. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                   |
| Ҷамъияти саҳомии кушода (Open Joint-Stock Company)                        | OJSC / ОАО   | Share-capital company with unlimited shareholders; shares may be publicly traded; minimum capital TJS 5,000. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                 |
| Ҷамъияти саҳомии пӯшида (Closed Joint-Stock Company)                      | CJSC / ЗАО   | Share-capital company with maximum 50 shareholders; shares not publicly traded; minimum capital TJS 1,000. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                   |
| Ширкати пурра (Full/General Partnership)                                  | СП / ПТ      | Two or more partners who conduct business under a common firm name and bear unlimited joint-and-several liability for the partnership's obligations. Recognized under the Tajik Civil Code. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                     |
| Ширкати командитӣ (Limited Partnership / Commandite)                      | СК / КТ      | Partnership comprising one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more silent (limited) partners whose liability is capped at their contribution. Recognized under the Tajik Civil Code. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                  |
| Соҳибкори инфиродӣ (Individual Entrepreneur)                              | СИ / ИП      | A natural person registered to conduct commercial activity; no separate legal personality; personal assets fully exposed to business liabilities. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                               |
| Кооперативи истеҳсолӣ (Production Cooperative)                            | —            | Membership-based commercial organization in which individuals pool labor and capital for joint production; profits distributed by participation; member liability limited to their share. Regulated by the Tajik Civil Code. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                            |
| Корхонаи унитарӣ (Unitary Enterprise)                                     | КУ / УП      | State or municipal commercial organization without share capital; assets remain in public ownership while the enterprise holds operational management rights. Functionally resembles a government-owned corporation.                                                                    |
| Намояндагӣ / Филиал (Branch or Representative Office of a Foreign Entity) | —            | A registered presence of a foreign legal entity in Tajikistan; not a separate legal person — obligations remain with the parent. Branches may conduct commercial activity; representative offices are limited to liaison and marketing functions. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                              |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | State Registration Certificate                                                                |
| Constitutive Documents | Устав                                                                                         |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Shareholders list in Charter + Unified State Register Extract                 |
| Governance Records     | Charter and Registry Extract (Directors Section)                                              |
| Signing Authority      | Notarised Power of Attorney (Доверенность, нотариально заверенная)                            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                         | Proves                                                    |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| **State Registration Certificate (Свидетельство о государственной регистрации)** | Legal Registration                                        |
| **Company Charter (Устав / Оинномаи ширкат)**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                    |
| **TIN Certificate (Шаҳодатномаи РМА)**                                           | Tax Registration                                          |
| **Shareholders list in Charter**                                                 | Ownership Records                                         |
| **Unified State Register Extract**                                               | Ownership Records                                         |
| **Charter and Registry Extract (Directors Section)**                             | Governance Records                                        |
| **Notarised Power of Attorney (Доверенность, нотариально заверенная)**           | Signing Authority                                         |
| **Договор аренды**                                                               | Address                                                   |
| **Квитанция за коммунальные услуги (≤90 дней)**                                  | Address                                                   |
| **Выписка с банковского счета (≤90 дней)**                                       | Address                                                   |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                      | NBT License (for banking, insurance, microfinance, forex) |

**Not applicable in Tajikistan:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Tax Committee; contains EIN and date of registration.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single constitutive document; must include charter capital, governance rules, and shareholder list for LLCs.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by Tax Committee; confirms INN (9 digits); also serves as VAT registration.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Issued by National Bank of Tajikistan; required for all financial-sector entities. Tax Committee issues licenses for other regulated activities.
* **Ownership Records:** LLC charters must enumerate participants and shareholdings; the Unified State Register Extract confirms the current participant list.
* **Governance Records:** Director (Директор / Генеральный директор) named in charter and State Register; updates filed with Tax Committee on change.
* **Signing Authority:** POA required for representatives acting on behalf of company; mandatory notarisation under Tajik notarial procedure.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Директор / Генеральный директор (Director / General Director)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Head of executive body; day-to-day management authority; named in charter and registry. |
| Совет директоров (Board of Directors member)                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Governance-level oversight body; present in larger JSCs.                                |
| Представитель по доверенности (Authorized Representative under POA) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holds notarised power of attorney to legally bind the company.                          |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                            | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                              |
| -------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Nationality / passport details` | shareholder | AML/CFT framework requires FIs to collect nationality and ID document data for all UBOs at more than 25% threshold. |

## Notes

* Dual identifiers: Every Tajik legal entity has two distinct numbers — the EIN (РЯМ, registry identifier) and the INN (РМА, tax identifier). Collect both; they are not interchangeable and both appear on official documents.
* Apostille is party but with objections: Tajikistan acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention (20-II-2015, entry into force 31-X-2015), but Austria, Belgium, and Germany raised formal objections — full legalisation chain required for those three jurisdictions.
* Registry portal primarily in Tajik/Russian: The andoz.tj portal (Tax Committee, primary registrar) is primarily in Tajik and Russian; English-language verification requires secondary sources or certified translations.


# Tanzania
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/tanzania

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Tanzania (TZA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                               |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                              |
| ISO 3166-1   | TZ / TZA                                            |
| Registry     | Business Registrations and Licensing Agency (BRELA) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Tanzania and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                    | Issuer                                              |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                       | TRA (Tanzania Revenue Authority)                    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **BRELA registration number** | BRELA (Business Registrations and Licensing Agency) |

*Tax ID:* Taxpayer Identification Number issued by TRA.

*Registration number:* Company registration number assigned by BRELA.

## Sector regulators

`BoT` · `CMSA` · `TIRA` · `TCRA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ---------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Limited Company      | Ltd          | Closely-held company limited by shares with 2–50 shareholders; shares are not freely transferable and cannot be listed on a stock exchange. The standard SME vehicle registered with BRELA under the Companies Act 2002. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                   |
| Public Limited Company       | PLC          | Share-capital company with at least 7 shareholders whose shares are freely transferable and may be listed on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange. Registered with BRELA under the Companies Act 2002. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                  |
| Company Limited by Guarantee | —            | Incorporated without share capital; members' liability is limited to a guaranteed amount stated in the memorandum. Typically used for NGOs, professional associations, and clubs. Registered with BRELA under the Companies Act 2002. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                |
| General Partnership          | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; registered as a business name with BRELA under the Business Names (Registration) Act (Cap. 213). No separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                     |
| Limited Partnership          | LP           | Partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; registered with BRELA under the Business Names (Registration) Act (Cap. 213). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Sole Proprietorship          | —            | Single individual trading under their own or a registered business name; registered with BRELA under the Business Names (Registration) Act (Cap. 213). No separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                            |
| Cooperative Society          | —            | Member-owned entity formed under the Cooperative Societies Act for mutual economic benefit; registered with the Commissioner for Cooperative Development. Common in agriculture, savings, and credit sectors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                  |
| Branch of a Foreign Company  | —            | An overseas-incorporated company registered with BRELA to operate in Tanzania; not a separate legal entity from its parent. BRELA issues a Certificate of Compliance. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                    |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                           |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                               |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                                     |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                                            |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Business License · TIC Certificate                                           |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Annual Return · Return of Allotment |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Memorandum and Articles of Association + Annual Return                     |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                                           |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                              |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                   | Proves                                                                                                                            |
| ------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (BRELA)**   | Legal Registration                                                                                                                |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                            |
| **TIN Certificate (TRA)**                  | Tax Registration                                                                                                                  |
| **Business License (BRELA)**               | Operating Permit                                                                                                                  |
| **TIC Certificate (if foreign investor)**  | Operating Permit                                                                                                                  |
| **MemArts**                                | Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                             |
| **Annual Return**                          | Ownership Records, Governance Records                                                                                             |
| **Allotment**                              | Ownership Records                                                                                                                 |
| **Board Resolution**                       | Signing Authority                                                                                                                 |
| **Lease Agreement**                        | Address                                                                                                                           |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**            | Address                                                                                                                           |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**          | Address                                                                                                                           |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (BRELA)**   | Good Standing                                                                                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                | BoT, CMSA, TIRA, TCRA — Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (telecom/broadcasting; required for digital-channel FinTech) |

### Collection notes

* **Operating Permit:** TISEZA Certificate of Incentives applies only to foreign investors seeking investment incentives. Not required for all entities.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description              |
| ---------- | -------------------- | ------------------------ |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. Minimum 2. |

## Notes

* TIC Certificate (issued by TISEZA since the 2025 merger) only applies to foreign investors seeking incentives — minimum US\$500K foreign capital.


# Thailand
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/thailand

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Thailand (THA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                     |
| ------------ | ------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific              |
| ISO 3166-1   | TH / THA                  |
| Registry     | DBD, Ministry of Commerce |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Thailand and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                    |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **เลขทะเบียนนิติบุคคล** | DBD, Ministry of Commerce |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **เลขทะเบียนนิติบุคคล** | DBD, Ministry of Commerce |

*Tax ID:* 13-digit; digit 1 = entity type, digits 2–5 = province/office, digits 6–9 = Buddhist Era year, digits 10–12 = sequential ID, digit 13 = check digit. Identical to TIN for juristic persons.

*Registration number:* 13-digit; digit 1 = entity type, digits 2–5 = province/office, digits 6–9 = Buddhist Era year, digits 10–12 = sequential ID, digit 13 = check digit. Identical to TIN for juristic persons.

## Sector regulators

`BoT` · `SEC TH` · `OIC` · `BOI` · `AMLO`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                     | Abbreviation    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| บริษัทจำกัด (Private Limited Company)                          | Co., Ltd. / บจ. | Closely-held share-capital company with ≥2 shareholders; limited liability; shares restricted from public offering; governed by CCC Book III ss.1096–1297. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                               |
| บริษัทมหาชนจำกัด (Public Limited Company)                      | PCL / บมจ.      | Share-capital company whose shares may be publicly offered and listed; stricter governance and disclosure under the Public Limited Companies Act B.E. 2535 (1992). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                |
| ห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัด (Limited Partnership)                        | LP / หจก.       | One or more general partners with unlimited liability plus one or more limited partners; registered juristic person under DBD. Closest US equivalent: LP (Limited Partnership).                                                                                  |
| ห้างหุ้นส่วนสามัญจดทะเบียน (Registered Ordinary Partnership)   | —               | All partners jointly and unlimitedly liable; acquires separate juristic personality upon DBD registration; taxed as a corporate entity. Closest US equivalent: GP (General Partnership).                                                                         |
| ห้างหุ้นส่วนสามัญ (Unregistered Ordinary Partnership)          | —               | Two or more persons conducting business together with all partners bearing unlimited liability; no separate legal personality; income taxed at individual level. Closest US equivalent: GP (General Partnership).                                                |
| ทะเบียนพาณิชย์ (Sole Proprietorship / Commercial Registration) | —               | Individual trading registration under the Trade Registration Act; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability; registered with local District Office or DBD. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                      |
| Branch of Foreign Company                                      | Branch          | Foreign entity operating in Thailand through a registered branch; not a separate legal entity from the parent; subject to the Foreign Business Act B.E. 2542 (1999); registered with DBD. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                              |
| Representative Office of Foreign Company                       | Rep Office      | Non-revenue-generating liaison office of a foreign company; limited to support activities such as sourcing, quality control, and market research; registered with DBD under the Foreign Business Act B.E. 2542 (1999). Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                     |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | หนังสือรับรอง                                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* หนังสือบริคณห์สนธิ + ข้อบังคับ                       |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Certificate ภ.พ.20               |
| Operating Permit       | ใบอนุญาตประกอบธุรกิจ                                                 |
| Ownership Records      | บัญชีรายชื่อผู้ถือหุ้น                                               |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* หนังสือรับรอง + Director Appointment Minutes         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* มติที่ประชุมคณะกรรมการ · หนังสือมอบอำนาจ               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* สัญญาเช่า · ใบแจ้งหนี้ค่าสาธารณูปโภค · รายการเดินบัญชี |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                        | Proves                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **หนังสือรับรอง (Company Affidavit / DBD Certificate)**                         | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                                     |
| **หนังสือบริคณห์สนธิ (MoA)**                                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                     |
| **ข้อบังคับ (AoA)**                                                             | Constitutive Documents                                                                     |
| **TIN Certificate (Revenue Department)**                                        | Tax Registration                                                                           |
| **VAT Certificate ภ.พ.20**                                                      | Tax Registration                                                                           |
| **ใบอนุญาตประกอบธุรกิจ (activity-specific; local District Office or Ministry)** | Operating Permit                                                                           |
| **บัญชีรายชื่อผู้ถือหุ้น (Form บอจ.5)**                                         | Ownership Records                                                                          |
| **Director Appointment Minutes**                                                | Governance Records                                                                         |
| **มติที่ประชุมคณะกรรมการ (Board Resolution)**                                   | Signing Authority                                                                          |
| **หนังสือมอบอำนาจ (Power of Attorney)**                                         | Signing Authority                                                                          |
| **สัญญาเช่า**                                                                   | Address                                                                                    |
| **ใบแจ้งหนี้ค่าสาธารณูปโภค (ภายใน 90 วัน)**                                     | Address                                                                                    |
| **รายการเดินบัญชี (ภายใน 90 วัน)**                                              | Address                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                     | BoT licence (banking/payment), SEC TH licence (securities/fund/digital asset), OIC licence |

**Not applicable in Thailand:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by DBD; downloadable from encert.dbd.go.th or DBD Biz Regist. Lists registration number, directors, address, status. English version available from DBD portal.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed at incorporation and stored with DBD. For PCL, equivalent documents filed under Public Limited Companies Act B.E. 2535.
* **Tax Registration:** TIN equals DBD registration number. VAT certificate (ภ.พ.20) issued only after VAT registration; collect both if VAT-registered.
* **Operating Permit:** Thailand has no single universal operating permit; DBD registration serves as baseline. Activity-specific permits (food, hotel, factory, etc.) issued by relevant authority. Collect whichever applies to the entity's declared activity.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Financial entities must hold the relevant regulator's licence. Payment service providers require BoT licence under Payment Systems Act B.E. 2560 (2017).
* **Ownership Records:** Form บอจ.5 filed with DBD at each AGM.
* **Governance Records:** DBD Certificate lists current authorised directors and signing conditions. Changes notified to DBD within 14 days (CCC s.1157).
* **Signing Authority:** Notarised PoA required for delegation outside the board.
* **Address:** Lease (no freshness requirement) or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. Same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address verification.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                     | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| กรรมการ (Director)                             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the board with day-to-day authority; signing conditions specified in DBD Certificate. |
| กรรมการผู้จัดการ (Managing Director)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director delegated operational management; highest executive role.                              |
| ผู้จัดการ (Manager — partnership)              | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorised manager of a registered partnership; binds the entity.                               |
| ผู้รับมอบอำนาจ (Attorney-in-fact / PoA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised หนังสือมอบอำนาจ with authority to bind the company.                         |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                             | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                           |
| --------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `3-month personal bank statement` | shareholder | DBD Order 2/2568 (eff. 2026-01-01) requires Thai shareholders to evidence share-payment funds when a foreign director or shareholder is present. |

## Notes

* The 13-digit DBD registration number and the Revenue Department TIN are the same number for juristic persons — do not collect them as two separate documents; one certificate confirms both.
* The Foreign Business Act B.E. 2542 deems a company "foreign" when ≥50% of shares are held by non-Thais. In restricted List 2/3 sectors this triggers FBL requirements or BOI promotion. Integrators must verify the actual shareholder nationality breakdown, not just the registered capital split.
* DBD Biz Regist became the mandatory filing platform from 2026-01-01; all newly issued corporate documents will be electronic. Certified paper affidavits issued before this date remain valid; accept both formats but note the transition.
* Thailand acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention (Cabinet approval 2025-12-09) but the Convention is not yet in force as of 2026-05-06 (pending deposit + \~6-month lead). Until entry into force, cross-border documents still require embassy/consular legalisation.


# Timor-Leste
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/timor-leste

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Timor-Leste (TLS) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value        |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific |
| ISO 3166-1   | TL / TLS     |
| Registry     | SERVE I.P.   |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Timor-Leste and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                      |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**                         | ATTL (Autoridade Tributária de Timor-Leste) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Número de Registo Comercial** | SERVE I.P.                                  |

*Tax ID:* Numeric, issued at registration; certificate called Certificado de NIF.

*Registration number:* Assigned upon commercial registration; appears on Certidão de Registo Comercial.

## Sector regulators

`BCTL`

## Legal structures

| Local name                      | Abbreviation    | Description                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Empresário em Nome Individual   | ENIN            | Registered sole trader operating under their own name; no separate legal personality and the owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Sociedade por Quotas            | Lda.            | Portuguese-tradition private limited company with capital divided into quotas; minimum USD 1; the default SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                        |
| Sociedade Unipessoal por Quotas | Unipessoal Lda. | Single-member variant of the Sociedade por Quotas; same USD 1 capital floor and limited-liability protection. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                   |
| Sociedade Anónima               | S.A.            | Joint-stock company with share capital; minimum 3 shareholders and minimum USD 50,000 capital; required for certain regulated sectors and capable of public listing. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.       |
| Cooperativa                     | —               | Member-owned cooperative enterprise registered under Decree-Law 07/2006; surplus distributed to members based on participation rather than capital. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.               |
| Representação Permanente        | R.P.            | Registered branch or permanent establishment of a foreign company operating in Timor-Leste; minimum assigned capital USD 5,000; not a separate legal entity. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.    |
| Empresa Pública                 | E.P.            | State-owned enterprise established by government decree; not available to private investors. Closest US equivalent: government-owned corporation.                                                     |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certidão de Registo Comercial                                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Estatutos · Acta de Constituição                                  |
| Tax Registration       | Certificado de NIF                                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Licença de Exercício de Actividade                                              |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Lista de Sócios · Registo de Accionistas                          |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Registo de Gerentes · Registo do Conselho de Administração        |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Deliberação dos Sócios · Deliberação do Conselho de Administração |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                        | Proves                 |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certidão de Registo Comercial**               | Legal Registration     |
| **Estatutos**                                   | Constitutive Documents |
| **Acta de Constituição**                        | Constitutive Documents |
| **Certificado de NIF**                          | Tax Registration       |
| **Licença de Exercício de Actividade**          | Operating Permit       |
| **Lista de Sócios (Lda.)**                      | Ownership Records      |
| **Registo de Accionistas (S.A.)**               | Ownership Records      |
| **Registo de Gerentes (Lda.)**                  | Governance Records     |
| **Registo do Conselho de Administração (S.A.)** | Governance Records     |
| **Deliberação dos Sócios**                      | Signing Authority      |
| **Deliberação do Conselho de Administração**    | Signing Authority      |
| **Contrato de Arrendamento**                    | Address                |
| **Recibo de Serviços (≤90 dias)**               | Address                |
| **Extrato Bancário (≤90 dias)**                 | Address                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                     | BCTL Licence           |

**Not applicable in Timor-Leste:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by SERVE I.P.; covers name, number, type, seat, status; free to obtain. Decree-Law 16/2017 governs registration procedure (1–5 business days).
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with SERVE I.P. at formation; constitutive document setting capital, governance, and quotas/shares.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by ATTL/DNRD; required before commencement of business; distinct from tax-clearance (Certidão de Dívidas).
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by the competent sectoral ministry or municipality; required by industry. No single unified municipal alvará exists nationally.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banco Central de Timor-Leste (BCTL) licenses banks, insurers, payment institutions, and FX dealers. Required only for financial-sector applicants.
* **Governance Records:** Filed with SERVE I.P.; Lda. managed by Gerente(s) appointed by quota holders; S.A. governed by Conselho de Administração.
* **Signing Authority:** Quota-holder or board resolution granting signing authority; notarised POA for third-party representatives.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                       | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gerente (Lda.)                                   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Appointed manager with authority to bind the Lda.; may or may not be a sócio. |
| Administrador / Conselho de Administração (S.A.) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director(s) with day-to-day management authority in S.A.            |
| Presidente do Conselho de Administração (S.A.)   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the board; governance role in S.A.                                   |
| Representante Permanente (R.P.)                  | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Named representative of a foreign branch; must be resident in Timor-Leste.    |

## Notes

* USD functional currency. Timor-Leste uses the US Dollar as its sole official currency (no national currency); no FX conversion risk on USD-denominated capital or transactions.
* SERVE registration is free and fast (1–5 days) under Decree-Law 16/2017, but sector operating licences from line ministries are separate and timeline/cost varies; confirm licence status independently.
* Foreign ownership cap in petroleum and media. Foreigners may own up to 100% in most sectors, but petroleum and media communications have sub-100% foreign ownership limits — verify sector before onboarding.
* Lei 10/2017 replaced Law 4/2004 as the governing commercial companies statute; any pre-2017 constitutional documents were issued under the old law — check for updated Estatutos filed post-September 2017 (Lei 10/2017 entered force 120 days after 17 May 2017 publication).


# Togo
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/togo

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Togo (TGO) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                             |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | TG / TGO                                          |
| Registry     | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce, Lomé (OHADA RCCM) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Togo and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name      | Issuer                                            |
| ------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **NIF**         | Office Togolais des Recettes (OTR)                |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Numéro RCCM** | Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce, Lomé (OHADA RCCM) |

*Tax ID:* Unique taxpayer ID issued automatically at CFE registration; also obtainable online at nif.otr.tg.

*Registration number:* OHADA commercial registry number; assigned upon CFE registration.

## Sector regulators

`BCEAO` · `CIMA` · `AMF-UMOA` · `CENTIF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                       | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée | SARL         | Quota-based limited-liability company; the most common SME vehicle under OHADA AUSCGIE; no statutory minimum capital (Décret 2017-142/PR); one or more associates with freely set capital in bylaws. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                     |
| Société Anonyme                  | SA           | Share-capital company with separate legal personality; board of directors required; minimum capital 10,000,000 FCFA (AUSCGIE Art. 387); shares freely transferable. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                               |
| Société par Actions Simplifiée   | SAS          | Flexible share-capital company introduced by the revised AUSCGIE 2014; no statutory minimum capital; single shareholder permitted (SASU); governance rules set freely in bylaws. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                  |
| Société en Nom Collectif         | SNC          | General partnership in which all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability for the company's debts. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                  |
| Société en Commandite Simple     | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability (commandité) and at least one limited partner liable only to the extent of their contribution (commanditaire); codified in OHADA AUSCGIE. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                     |
| Entreprise Individuelle          | —            | Individual merchant (personne physique commerçant) registered at the RCCM; unlimited personal liability; no separate legal entity; required once turnover exceeds the Entreprenant threshold. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                            |
| Entreprenant                     | —            | Simplified sole-trader status for micro-activities under OHADA; declared (not incorporated) at the RCCM; no minimum capital; no separate legal personality; subject to turnover ceilings set by each OHADA state. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                        |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique  | GIE          | Economic interest grouping under OHADA AUSCGIE Art. 869; formed by two or more existing entities to facilitate or develop their economic activity; separate legal personality but not primarily profit-driven. Closest US equivalent: Statutory Business Trust or joint-venture entity; no direct US equivalent. |
| Société Coopérative              | —            | Cooperative society governed by the OHADA Uniform Act on Cooperative Societies (AUSCOOP); member-owned and democratically controlled; two sub-types (simplified cooperative and cooperative with board of directors). Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                        |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RCCM                                                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                                        |
| Tax Registration       | Certificat NIF                                                                 |
| Operating Permit       | Patente                                                                        |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions           |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                      |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire          |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                        | Proves                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RCCM**                                | Legal Registration, Governance Records                        |
| **Statuts**                                     | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Certificat NIF**                              | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente (TPU — Taxe Professionnelle Unique)** | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Registre des Associés (SARL)**                | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Registre des Actions (SA)**                   | Ownership Records                                             |
| **PV de nomination**                            | Governance Records                                            |
| **PV d'Assemblée Générale**                     | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Résolution du Conseil**                       | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrat de bail**                             | Address                                                       |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)**             | Address                                                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**                 | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                     | Agrément sectoriel                                            |

**Not applicable in Togo:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by Greffe du Tribunal de Lomé via CFE/RCCM portal.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Notarised for SA; private deed for SARL/SAS. Marital status of founders required (OHADA).
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by OTR; automatically assigned at CFE registration.
* **Operating Permit:** Annual professional tax; 24-month exemption for new businesses.
* **Sector-Specific License:** BCEAO (banking), CIMA (insurance), AMF-UMOA (capital markets); required by sector.
* **Governance Records:** Gérant named in RCCM; board members in Statuts and PV.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution or GA minutes evidencing signing authority; notarised POA for external mandataires.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                          |
| ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Gérant                                | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Manages SARL; legal representative; named in RCCM.   |
| Président (SAS)                       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole mandatory officer of SAS; day-to-day authority. |
| Directeur Général                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive officer appointed by board in SA.          |
| Président du Conseil d'Administration | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Presides over the board in SA.                       |
| Administrateur                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the Conseil d'Administration in SA.        |
| Mandataire                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarised POA to act on behalf of company. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field            | Applies to | Reason                                                                                                                         |
| ---------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `marital_status` | founder    | OHADA Statuts require marital status, matrimonial regime, and spouse name for partners/shareholders (community-property rule). |

## Notes

* Togo is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH Status Table, 2026-05-06); documents must be legalised via the full embassy/consular chain.
* The new national AML law (adopted 27 Feb 2026) replaces the 2018-004 loi uniforme and aligns with FATF recommendations and UMOA Loi LBC/FT/FP (31 mars 2023); implementing regulations pending — monitor CENTIF (centif.tg) for entry-into-force date.
* CFE registration is 100% online and takes under 4 hours; the RCCM number, NIF, and CNSS number are issued on a single registration card — collect all three at once.
* New businesses are exempt from Patente (TPU) for the first 24 months of operation.
* OHADA marital-status requirement applies: Statuts must record marital regime and spouse details for all associates, creating a data-privacy consideration for foreign founders.


# Tonga
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/tonga

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Tonga (TON) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                       |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                                |
| ISO 3166-1   | TO / TON                                                                                                    |
| Registry     | [Business Registries Office, Ministry of Trade and Economic Development](https://businessregistries.gov.to) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                  |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Tonga and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                          | Issuer                                                                 |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN)** | Ministry of Revenue and Customs (MRC)                                  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**     | Business Registries Office, Ministry of Trade and Economic Development |

*Tax ID:* Single universal TIN issued by the Ministry of Revenue and Customs for all taxpayer types (individuals and legal entities). Used for individual income tax (PAYE, withheld by employers), corporate income tax (25% rate), Consumption Tax (CT, 15% rate, compulsory registration at TOP 100,000 annual turnover), and all other MRC purposes. Applied for via MRC's eTax portal (etax.revenue.gov.to); certificate issued upon registration. No separate corporate tax ID exists. Specific digit format not publicly standardised by MRC; contact MRC for current format confirmation.

*Registration number:* Unique numeric identifier assigned by the Business Registries Office at incorporation under the Companies Act 1995 (Cap. 82, as amended) and the Companies Regulations 2025. Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and is the entity's permanent identifier in the businessregistries.gov.to portal. New registry system launched 11 December 2024; registration numbers are searchable free-of-charge via the portal. Exact format not publicly standardised.

## Sector regulators

`NRBT` · `TRA` · `MRC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Company Limited by Shares    | Ltd          | The dominant commercial vehicle for closely-held businesses; incorporated under the Companies Act 1995 (Cap. 82); shareholder liability limited to unpaid share capital; shares may not be offered to the public; minimum one shareholder required; governed by a company constitution (or standard statutory rules if none adopted). Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                  |
| Public Company Limited by Shares     | PLC          | Share-capital company permitted to offer shares to the public and potentially list on a securities exchange; subject to stricter governance and financial-reporting obligations under the Companies Act 1995; no maximum member cap; minimum three directors standard practice. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Company Limited by Guarantee         | —            | No share capital; members' liability is limited to the amount each undertakes to contribute on winding up; used for non-profit purposes including charities, professional associations, churches, and community organisations; incorporated under the Companies Act 1995. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                        |
| Unlimited Liability Company          | —            | Company incorporated under the Companies Act 1995 where shareholders bear unlimited personal liability for company debts; rarely used in practice; no cap on number of members. Functionally closest to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| General Partnership                  | —            | Unincorporated association of two or more persons carrying on business together for profit; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for partnership obligations; registered under Tongan partnership legislation; business name must be registered with the Business Registries Office under the Registration of Business Names Act 2002. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                         |
| Limited Partnership                  | LP           | Partnership structure with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; registered under partnership legislation in Tonga; limited partners may not take part in management without losing liability protection. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                              |
| Sole Trader / Sole Proprietorship    | —            | Single natural person carrying on business on their own account; no separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability; must register a business name with the Business Registries Office under the Registration of Business Names Act 2002 if trading under a name other than their own; requires TIN from MRC and a Business Licence. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                   |
| Co-operative Society                 | —            | Member-owned enterprise incorporated under the Co-operative Societies Act 1973 (Cap. 15); democratic governance on a one-member one-vote basis; used in agriculture, fisheries, credit unions, and community enterprises. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Overseas Company (Registered Branch) | —            | Foreign corporation registered to carry on business in Tonga under the Companies Act 1995 (Part relating to overseas companies); not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent; must file a Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company with the Business Registries Office; overseas persons must also obtain a Foreign Investor Certification from the Business Registries Office under the Foreign Investment Act 2002. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                           |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company)* |
| Constitutive Documents | Company Constitution                                                                       |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate *(optional: Consumption Tax Registration Certificate)*                     |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                                                           |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Register of Members · Annual Return                                          |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · Annual Return                                        |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                              |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                            | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| --------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                    | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Company Constitution**                            | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Tax Identification Number Certificate**           | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Consumption Tax Registration Certificate (CT)**   | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Business Licence**                                | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Register of Members**                             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Annual Return (shareholders section)**            | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Register of Directors**                           | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Annual Return (directors section)**               | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| **Board Resolution**                                | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Power of Attorney**                               | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Lease Agreement**                                 | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                     | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                   | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                    | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Sector-Specific License**                         | NRBT Banking Licence (banks and deposit-taking institutions), NRBT Financial Institution Licence (non-bank financial institutions, microfinance, moneylenders, FX dealers), NRBT Insurance Licence (insurers and intermediaries under Insurance Act 2008) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued electronically by the Business Registries Office under the Companies Act 1995 upon registration of a domestic company; confirms company name, registration number, and date of incorporation. For overseas companies a Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company is issued instead. Both are delivered by email via the businessregistries.gov.to portal (launched December 2024). Registration fees range from TOP 100 to TOP 750 (approx. USD 40–100). Basic entity search (name, number, status, address) is free on the portal.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with the Business Registries Office at incorporation under the Companies Act 1995 and Companies Regulations 2025. Companies may adopt a custom constitution or operate under the standard statutory constitution; if a custom constitution is used it must accompany the registration application (Form 1). The constitution sets out the company's name, objects (if any), share capital, voting rights, and governance rules. For overseas companies, the equivalent constitutive documents from the home jurisdiction (memorandum and articles, certificate of incorporation) are filed instead.
* **Tax Registration:** The Ministry of Revenue and Customs issues a TIN Certificate upon tax registration. Businesses with taxable supplies exceeding TOP 100,000/year must also register for Consumption Tax (CT, 15%) and display a Consumption Tax Registration Certificate at each place of business. TIN is the single universal identifier for corporate income tax (25%) and CT. Registration via eTax portal at etax.revenue.gov.to or in-person at MRC offices at Tungi Colonnade Building, Nuku'alofa. TIN registration is free and issued immediately upon submission.
* **Operating Permit:** Required for all persons (individuals and companies) carrying on business in the Kingdom of Tonga under the Business Licences Act 2002 (as revised to 2020 Edition). Issued by the Business Registries Office, Ministry of Trade and Economic Development. Applications and renewals via the businessregistries.gov.to portal (since December 2024). The business licence is issued per business location; it bears the licensee name, business name, licence number, activity, and expiry date. Annual renewal required.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The National Reserve Bank of Tonga (NRBT) is the primary financial-sector regulator, licensing banks (Banking Act 2020), financial institutions (Financial Institutions Act 2004), microfinance institutions (Microfinance Institutions Act 2018), moneylenders (Moneylenders Act 2018), and foreign exchange dealers (Foreign Exchange Control Act). Insurance companies are regulated under the Insurance Act 2008 (NRBT oversight). The NRBT also hosts the Transaction Reporting Authority (TRA), Tonga's financial intelligence unit for AML/CFT. Sector licences are issued by NRBT and displayed at the licensed entity's premises.
* **Governance Records:** Companies must maintain a register of directors under the Companies Act 1995. Director information is on record at the Business Registries Office and is partially visible via the free public entity search on businessregistries.gov.to (scored 5/10 for public disclosure). The annual return lists current directors with addresses; the Long-Form Certificate of Good Standing also contains current director information.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising a specific signatory to act on behalf of the company; no statutory form prescribed — standard company letterhead resolution is accepted practice. A notarised Power of Attorney is used where the authorised person is not a director. Tonga is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (acceded 4 June 1970); documents can be apostillised for cross-border use.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and principal-place-of-business checks. Utility providers in Tonga include Tonga Power Ltd (electricity) and Tonga Water Board (water).
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Business Registries Office via the businessregistries.gov.to portal (since December 2024). Three forms available: (1) Short-Form Certificate of Good Standing — recites entity name, registration number, and current status; (2) Long-Form Certificate of Good Standing — includes all current information including shareholders and directors; (3) Certified Historical Extract — current and historical information. Available to logged-in users of the portal; companies or their authorised agents can download directly. Confirm certificate is dated within 30–60 days for KYB purposes.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                          | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                            | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for managing the company under the Companies Act 1995; named in the Register of Directors and visible via the Business Registries Office portal and annual returns. Owes fiduciary duties to act in the company's best interests. |
| Managing Director / Chief Executive | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Director delegated executive management authority by the board under the company constitution or a board resolution; the primary day-to-day legal representative for most operational purposes.                                                                 |
| Authorised Signatory (POA holder)   | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised via a board resolution or notarised power of attorney to sign documents and act on behalf of the company; not necessarily a director.                                                                                                         |
| Local Agent (overseas company)      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Locally resident person or entity appointed by an overseas company registered in Tonga to accept service of process and act as the company's local representative; required for registration of an overseas company.                                            |

## Notes

* The Business Registries Office launched a major new online registry system on 11 December 2024 (businessregistries.gov.to), replacing legacy paper-based processes. Companies, business licences, business names, and foreign investment certifications are all managed through this portal. Registration numbers and certificates are issued electronically.
* All overseas persons (foreign-registered entities and locally registered companies with foreign ownership) must obtain a Foreign Investor Certification from the Business Registries Office under the Foreign Investment Act 2002 before commencing business. This is separate from and additional to company registration.
* Tonga levies income tax on both individuals and companies under the Income Tax Act 2007 (Cap. 11.05). Individuals are subject to a progressive salary and wages tax (PAYE) withheld by employers, with a 0% band on annual income up to TOP 12,000, rising through 10% and 20% bands to 25% on the highest bracket. Corporate income tax is 25% on chargeable income. Consumption Tax (CT) at 15% applies to taxable supplies; businesses must register for CT when annual turnover exceeds TOP 100,000. All three taxes are administered by the Ministry of Revenue and Customs.
* The TIN format is not publicly standardised by MRC. No fixed regex is confirmed from official sources; collect the MRC-issued TIN Certificate and verify the number directly on the eTax portal (etax.revenue.gov.to) when in doubt.
* The Transaction Reporting Authority (TRA) operates within the NRBT as Tonga's Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU). AUSTRAC provided the TAIPAN analytical system to TRA in December 2022. Suspicious transaction reports and threshold transaction reports are filed with the TRA.
* Tonga is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (acceded 4 June 1970). Documents issued in Tonga can be apostillised for cross-border use through the relevant competent authority.
* Annual returns must be filed with the Business Registries Office every year. Failure to file more than 6 months after the due date triggers automatic deregistration (striking off). Verify active status via the free entity search on businessregistries.gov.to before accepting company documents.
* The Companies Act 1995 (Cap. 82) and Companies Regulations 2025 govern local companies. Overseas company registration is governed by the Companies Act 1995 and the Foreign Investment Act 2002 together.


# Trinidad and Tobago
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/trinidad-and-tobago

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                          |
| ------------ | ------------------------------ |
| Region       | Latin America                  |
| ISO 3166-1   | TT / TTO                       |
| Registry     | Registrar General's Department |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                     |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Trinidad and Tobago and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                         |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **BIR File Number**             | Inland Revenue Division (IRD)  |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Registrar General's Department |

*Tax ID:* Numeric code; mandatory for all companies; also serves as VAT registration number when VAT-registered.

*Registration number:* Assigned on incorporation via CROS; appears on Certificate of Incorporation.

## Sector regulators

`CBTT` · `TTSEC` · `FIUTT`

## Legal structures

| Local name                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ---------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Company Limited by Shares    | —            | The standard incorporated company for both private SMEs and publicly-traded entities; shareholders' liability is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. Private companies Limited by Shares are the default SME vehicle in T\&T and trade on the TTSE when public. Closest US equivalent: LLC (for private) or C-Corp (for public).    |
| Company Limited by Guarantee | —            | Incorporated company with no share capital; members' liability is limited to a guaranteed amount on winding up; used primarily for non-profit, charitable, and professional-body purposes. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                          |
| Unlimited Liability Company  | —            | Incorporated company whose members bear unlimited personal liability for company debts; rare in practice. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Non-Profit Organisation      | NPO          | Entity registered under the Non-Profit Organisations Act 2019 (as amended by Act No. 4 of 2024); a regulatory overlay requiring non-profit bodies to register with the Registrar General, though the actual incorporated vehicle is typically a Company Limited by Guarantee. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                   |
| Partnership                  | —            | Two or more persons (natural or legal) carrying on business together under the Registration of Business Names Act Chap. 82:85; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability. Note: limited partnership (LP) and limited liability partnership (LLP) forms do not exist in T\&T common law. Equivalent to a US General Partnership. |
| Sole Trader                  | —            | A single natural person trading under a registered business name pursuant to the Registration of Business Names Act Chap. 82:85; the owner bears unlimited personal liability for all business debts. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                 |
| Co-operative Society         | —            | Member-owned entity registered under the Co-operative Societies Act Chap. 81:03 and supervised by the Commissioner of Co-operative Development; includes credit unions, producer co-operatives, and consumer co-operatives. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                               |
| External Company             | —            | Foreign body corporate that has established a place of business in T\&T and must register with the Registrar General's Department within 14 days under the Companies Act Chap. 81:01. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                    |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                        |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + By-laws                 |
| Tax Registration       | BIR File Number Confirmation Letter                                 |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Trade Licence · Municipal Corporation Business Permit |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors and Secretaries                               |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement       |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                        |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                  | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**          | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Articles of Incorporation**             | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **By-laws**                               | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **BIR File Number Confirmation Letter**   | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Trade Licence**                         | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Municipal Corporation Business Permit** | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Register of Directors and Secretaries** | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Board Resolution**                      | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Power of Attorney**                     | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| **Lease Agreement**                       | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**           | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**         | Address                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**          | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**               | CBTT Licence (Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago — banking/financial), TTSEC Registration (Trinidad and Tobago Securities and Exchange Commission), FIUTT Registration (Financial Intelligence Unit of Trinidad and Tobago) |

**Not applicable in Trinidad and Tobago:** Ownership Records. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by RGD under Companies Act Chap. 81:01 s.9; includes company name, registration number, and date.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with RGD on incorporation; By-laws govern internal management.
* **Tax Registration:** Issued by IRD; numeric code required on all tax correspondence and returns.
* **Operating Permit:** Trade Licence issued by Ministry of Trade for goods import/export; municipal permit from relevant Municipal Corporation for premises operation.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBTT licenses banks, insurers, and payment service providers. TTSEC registers broker-dealers and virtual asset service providers. FIUTT supervises designated non-financial businesses.
* **Governance Records:** Filed via Annual Return; includes Notice of Directors (Form 8) on incorporation and updates thereafter.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising a signatory, or a notarized POA; witnessed by Commissioner of Affidavits or Notary Public if POA.
* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. Satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Registrar General's Department upon request; requires all Annual Returns filed and all notices of change submitted. Confirms the company is active, not in winding up, and compliant with statutory filing obligations.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                             |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages the business and affairs of the company; named in Notice of Directors (Form 8). |
| Managing Director             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive director with day-to-day operational authority.                               |
| Board Chairman                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chairs the board of directors; governance role.                                         |
| Attorney-in-Fact (POA holder) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorised to legally bind the company via notarized power of attorney.                 |

## Notes

* Apostille is available: T\&T acceded to the Hague Convention on 1999-10-28 (EIF 2000-07-14); corporate documents authenticated by the RGD are apostillable without full legalisation chain.
* VASPs must now seek authorisation under the Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers Act 2025 (Act No. 12 of 2025, assented 2025-12-23) via TTSEC's regulatory sandbox — this supersedes prior ad hoc TTSEC guidance on virtual asset business.
* External companies (foreign branches) must register with the RGD within 14 days of establishing operations in T\&T; they file separate BO and director forms.
* Annual Return must be filed on the anniversary of incorporation; failure triggers BO and director register lapses that can block KYB verification.


# Tunisia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/tunisia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Tunisia (TUN) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                   |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                  |
| ISO 3166-1   | TN / TUN                                |
| Registry     | RNE (Registre National des Entreprises) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                              |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Tunisia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                  | Issuer                                  |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Matricule Fiscal**        | DGI Tunisia                             |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **RNE registration number** | RNE (Registre National des Entreprises) |

*Tax ID:* Tax matricule shown on the Carte d'Identifiant Fiscal.

*Registration number:* Registration number issued by the RNE.

## Sector regulators

`BCT` · `CMF`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                      | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Société à Responsabilité Limitée                | SARL         | Limited-liability company with 2–50 members whose liability is capped at their share of capital; the standard SME vehicle in Tunisia, governed by Book Three of the Commercial Companies Code. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                      |
| Société Unipersonnelle à Responsabilité Limitée | SUARL        | Single-member limited-liability company; identical to a SARL but with one shareholder (natural or legal person). Equivalent to a US single-member LLC.                                                                                                                                                      |
| Société Anonyme                                 | SA           | Joint-stock company requiring at least 7 shareholders; capital divided into freely transferable shares; may make a public call for savings. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                  |
| Société en Nom Collectif                        | SNC          | General partnership of two or more persons who are jointly and personally liable for all company debts; no limited-liability shield. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                                |
| Société en Commandite Simple                    | SCS          | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner liable only to their contribution. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                                                                                               |
| Entreprise Individuelle                         | —            | Single natural person trading under their own name; no separate legal personality and no minimum capital; registered with the RNE as a personne physique. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                           |
| Groupement d'Intérêt Économique                 | GIE          | Economic interest grouping formed by two or more persons to facilitate their members' economic activities without pursuing profit for itself; members retain autonomy and individuality; not subject to corporate income tax. Closest US equivalent: a statutory Business Trust or cooperative arrangement. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                      |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Extrait RNE                                                           |
| Constitutive Documents | Statuts                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | Carte d'Identifiant Fiscal                                            |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* Patente · déclaration d'activité                        |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés                         |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Statuts + PV de nomination                            |
| Signing Authority      | PV du Conseil                                                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                            | Proves                                                        |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Extrait RNE**                     | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Statuts**                         | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Carte d'Identifiant Fiscal**      | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Patente**                         | Operating Permit                                              |
| **déclaration d'activité**          | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Registre des Associés**           | Ownership Records                                             |
| **PV de nomination**                | Governance Records                                            |
| **PV du Conseil**                   | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrat de bail**                 | Address                                                       |
| **Facture de services (≤90 jours)** | Address                                                       |
| **Relevé bancaire (≤90 jours)**     | Address                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**         | BCT, CMF                                                      |

**Not applicable in Tunisia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease (no time bound) or utility bill or bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role     | Canonical API role   | Description         |
| -------------- | -------------------- | ------------------- |
| Gérant         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Manages SARL/SUARL. |
| Administrateur | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member in SA. |


# Turkey
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/turkey

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Turkey (TUR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                        |
| ------------ | ---------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central) |
| ISO 3166-1   | TR / TUR                     |
| Registry     | MERSIS / Ministry of Trade   |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                   |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Turkey and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                         |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Vergi Kimlik Numarası (VKN)** | GİB (Gelir İdaresi Başkanlığı) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **MERSIS Numarası**             | MERSIS / Ministry of Trade     |

*Tax ID:* 10-digit numeric; issued to all legal entities at tax office registration; appears on Vergi Levhası and official GİB portal.

*Registration number:* 16-digit numeric; unique permanent company identifier assigned at incorporation; replaces earlier trade registry number for digital transactions.

## Sector regulators

`BDDK` · `TCMB` · `SPK` · `SEDDK` · `MASAK` · `BTK`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                 | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ------------------------------------------ | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Anonim Şirket                              | A.Ş.         | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum capital TRY 250,000 (Presidential Decree No. 7887, eff. 2024-01-01); governed by a board of directors (Yönetim Kurulu) and general assembly. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                             |
| Limited Şirket                             | Ltd. Şti.    | Quota-based limited-liability company; 1–50 shareholders; minimum capital TRY 50,000 (Presidential Decree No. 7887, eff. 2024-01-01); managed by one or more Müdür; the dominant SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                            |
| Kollektif Şirket                           | —            | General partnership in which all partners bear joint and unlimited personal liability for the company's obligations; no minimum capital requirement. Equivalent to a US General Partnership (GP).                                                                                |
| Komandit Şirket                            | —            | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (komandite) bearing unlimited liability and at least one limited partner (komanditer) whose liability is capped at their contribution; capital is not divided into shares. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership (LP).    |
| Sermayesi Paylara Bölünmüş Komandit Şirket | SpBKŞ        | Partnership limited by shares; at least one general partner (komandite) with unlimited personal liability and limited partners whose participation is represented by shares; classified as a capital company under TCC Book II. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). |
| Şahıs İşletmesi                            | —            | Sole proprietorship operated by a single natural person; no separate legal personality; registered with the local chamber of commerce. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                   |
| Kooperatif Şirket                          | —            | Cooperative company governed by Cooperatives Law No. 1163; requires minimum seven founding members; organized on the principle of mutual aid and democratic governance (one member, one vote). Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                               |
| Yabancı Şirket Şubesi                      | —            | Branch of a foreign commercial company registered with the Turkish trade registry; no separate legal personality; must appoint a fully authorized local representative. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                             |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Ticaret Sicil Tasdiknamesi                                                                   |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Ana Sözleşme · Şirket Sözleşmesi                                               |
| Tax Registration       | Vergi Levhası                                                                                |
| Operating Permit       | İşyeri Açma ve Çalışma Ruhsatı                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Ortaklar Defteri · Pay Defteri                                                 |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Yönetim Kurulu Üyeleri Listesi · Müdürler Listesi · Ticaret Sicil Tasdiknamesi |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* İmza Sirküleri · Yönetim Kurulu Kararı · Müdür Kararı                          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Kira Sözleşmesi · Fatura (elektrik/su/doğalgaz) · Banka Hesap Ekstresi         |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                    | Proves                                                                      |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Ticaret Sicil Tasdiknamesi (Trade Registry Certificate)** | Legal Registration, Governance Records                                      |
| **Ana Sözleşme (A.Ş.)**                                     | Constitutive Documents                                                      |
| **Şirket Sözleşmesi (Ltd. Şti.)**                           | Constitutive Documents                                                      |
| **Vergi Levhası**                                           | Tax Registration                                                            |
| **İşyeri Açma ve Çalışma Ruhsatı**                          | Operating Permit                                                            |
| **Ortaklar Defteri (Partners Ledger — Ltd. Şti.)**          | Ownership Records                                                           |
| **Pay Defteri (Share Ledger — A.Ş.)**                       | Ownership Records                                                           |
| **Yönetim Kurulu Üyeleri Listesi**                          | Governance Records                                                          |
| **Müdürler Listesi**                                        | Governance Records                                                          |
| **İmza Sirküleri**                                          | Signing Authority                                                           |
| **Yönetim Kurulu Kararı**                                   | Signing Authority                                                           |
| **Müdür Kararı**                                            | Signing Authority                                                           |
| **Kira Sözleşmesi**                                         | Address                                                                     |
| **Fatura (elektrik/su/doğalgaz) (≤90 gün)**                 | Address                                                                     |
| **Banka Hesap Ekstresi (≤90 gün)**                          | Address                                                                     |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                 | Sector-specific license from BDDK, SPK License, SEDDK License, TCMB License |

**Not applicable in Turkey:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by affiliated chamber via MERSIS; includes MERSIS No. and registration details.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with and published in the Türkiye Ticaret Sicili Gazetesi (TTSG).
* **Tax Registration:** GİB-issued; shows VKN (10-digit), entity type, and tax-office assignment.
* **Operating Permit:** Municipal permit; required before operations commence; renewed periodically.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated sectors; fintech/e-money requires TCMB payment institution license.
* **Governance Records:** Current governing persons appear in MERSIS extract and Gazette publication.
* **Signing Authority:** İmza Sirküleri is the standard bank/counterparty authorization artifact; board/manager resolution for specific transactions.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                       | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Yönetim Kurulu Üyesi (A.Ş. board member)         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the Yönetim Kurulu (board of directors) in a joint-stock company.                   |
| Yönetim Kurulu Başkanı (board chair)             | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the Yönetim Kurulu; governance role.                                                 |
| Genel Müdür (general manager)                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive appointed by board for day-to-day operations; often also legal representative.      |
| Müdür (Ltd. Şti. manager)                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Managing director of an Ltd. Şti.; responsible for daily operations and legal representation. |
| Temsile Yetkili Kişi (authorized representative) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorized to legally bind the entity; listed in İmza Sirküleri.                       |
| Vekil (attorney-in-fact / POA holder)            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of a notarized Vekâletname authorizing them to act on behalf of the entity.            |

## Notes

* MERSIS vs. Trade Registry Number: older documents may show a legacy Ticaret Sicil Numarası (chamber-specific numeric). The MERSIS No. (16-digit) is the current universal identifier and is what GİB, banks, and customs require. Always collect the MERSIS No.
* İmza Sirküleri is mandatory: Turkish banks and counterparties universally require the notarized İmza Sirküleri listing authorized signatories with specimen signatures. A resolution without a Sirküleri is typically insufficient.
* Apostille Convention: Turkey is a Contracting Party to the Hague Apostille Convention (ratified; in force 29-IX-1985; e-Apostille system live at eapostil.gov.tr since 2019). Foreign documents destined for Turkish use and Turkish documents for foreign use can be apostilled rather than requiring full consular legalization.


# Turkmenistan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/turkmenistan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Turkmenistan (TKM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)         |
| ISO 3166-1   | TM / TKM                             |
| Registry     | MFE Department of State Registration |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Turkmenistan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                  | Issuer                               |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) — Salgyt Belgisi**   | State Tax Service                    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **State Registration Number — Döwlet Bellige Alyş Belgisi** | MFE Department of State Registration |

*Tax ID:* 12 digits; assigned within 3 days of registration application; verified via State Tax Service database.

*Registration number:* Assigned on the State Registration Certificate; number format not publicly standardized.

## Sector regulators

`CBT` · `FMS` · `MFE Insurance` · `State Concerns Turkmengas & Turkmennebit`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Jogapkärçiligi Çäklendirilen Jemgyýet (Limited Liability Company) | JÇJ          | Quota-based company with separate legal personality; minimum charter capital TMT 5,000; one or more founders; most common foreign-investment and SME vehicle. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                         |
| Açyk Görnüşli Paýdarlar Jemgyýeti (Open Joint-Stock Company)      | AGPJ         | Share-capital company whose shares may be publicly distributed; minimum capital TMT 10,000; governed by a Board of Directors and Director General. Equivalent to a US C-Corp (public).                                                                        |
| Ýapyk Görnüşli Paýdarlar Jemgyýeti (Closed Joint-Stock Company)   | ÝGPJ         | Share-capital company with shares restricted to named members; maximum 50 shareholders; same minimum capital floor as the open JSC. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (closely held).                                                                             |
| Şahsy Telekeçi (Individual Entrepreneur / Sole Proprietor)        | ŞT           | Single natural person conducting business under their own name with unlimited personal liability; registered with the MFE Department of State Registration. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                           |
| Daşary Ýurt Kompaniýasynyň Şahamçasy (Branch of Foreign Company)  | —            | Registered division of a foreign legal entity authorized to conduct commercial activities in Turkmenistan; registered through MFE and the Agency of Economic Risks Prevention; parent company bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                              |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | State Registration Certificate                                                                |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Charter · Ustav                                                                 |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Shareholder list in Charter + Unified State Register Extract                  |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Director list in Registry Extract · Charter                                     |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                               | Proves                                                                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **State Registration Certificate (Döwlet Bellige Alyş Şahadatnamasy)** | Legal Registration                                                                                         |
| **Charter**                                                            | Constitutive Documents, Governance Records                                                                 |
| **Ustav (Tertipnama)**                                                 | Constitutive Documents                                                                                     |
| **TIN Certificate (Salgyt Belgisi Şahadatnamasy)**                     | Tax Registration                                                                                           |
| **Shareholder list in Charter**                                        | Ownership Records                                                                                          |
| **Unified State Register Extract**                                     | Ownership Records                                                                                          |
| **Director list in Registry Extract**                                  | Governance Records                                                                                         |
| **Board Resolution**                                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                          |
| **Договор аренды**                                                     | Address                                                                                                    |
| **Квитанция за коммунальные услуги (≤90 дней)**                        | Address                                                                                                    |
| **Выписка с банковского счета (≤90 дней)**                             | Address                                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                            | Sector License issued by CBT (banking/FX), MFE Insurance License, Oil & Gas Sector License (oilgas.gov.tm) |

**Not applicable in Turkmenistan:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by MFE Department of State Registration; online registration portal now available.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Two copies required in Turkmen and Russian; governs capital, shareholders, and governance.
* **Tax Registration:** 12-digit TIN issued by State Tax Service; separate from registration certificate.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required for banking, insurance, securities, and hydrocarbon activities.
* **Governance Records:** Director (Direktor) named in charter and registry; JSCs also have Board of Directors (Direktorlar Geňeşi).
* **Signing Authority:** POA must be notarized; for branches, certified by Turkmenistan consulate or MFA.
* **Address:** Lease agreement (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                            | Canonical API role     | Description                                                               |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Direktor / Baş Direktor (Director / Director General) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Executive head with day-to-day authority; required in all entity types.   |
| Direktorlar Geňeşiniň Agzasy (Board Member — JSC)     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the Board of Directors in AGPJ/ÝGPJ; governance role.           |
| Direktorlar Geňeşiniň Başlygy (Board Chairman — JSC)  | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of the Board; governance role, not operational.                     |
| Ynanç Hatynyň Eýesi (POA Holder / Branch Head)        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Authorized signatory under notarized power of attorney or branch charter. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                                   | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Nationality / Passport details`                        | shareholder | MFE and branch-registration rules require passport biographical data for all named shareholders and directors in submitted documents. |
| `Notarization + MFA certification of foreign documents` | founder     | All foreign-origin constitutional documents must be notarized and certified by Turkmenistan consulate or MFA; no apostille available. |

## Notes

* No apostille. Turkmenistan is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed via HCCH Status Table, 2026-05-06). All foreign public documents require full consular legalization through a Turkmenistan embassy/consulate or MFA certification — apostille is invalid.
* Branch registration takes 45–50 days through three separate authorities (MFE Tax Department, Agency of Economic Risks Prevention, and Commission of Economic Risks Prevention). Collect all foreign-investor documents in advance; faxed copies are rejected.


# Turks and Caicos Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/turks-and-caicos-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Turks and Caicos Islands (TCA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                      |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                              |
| ISO 3166-1   | TC / TCA                                                                                                                   |
| Registry     | [Turks and Caicos Islands Financial Services Commission — Registry Department](https://www.tcifsc.tc/registries-overview/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Turks and Caicos Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                      | Issuer                                                                       |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Business Licence Number**     | Revenue Department, Government of the Turks and Caicos Islands               |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number** | Turks and Caicos Islands Financial Services Commission — Registry Department |

*Tax ID:* The Turks and Caicos Islands levies no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or VAT. The primary fiscal/administrative identifier for businesses is the Business Licence Number issued under the Business Licensing Ordinance. All individuals and corporations engaging in business activity in or from TCI must obtain a licence from the Revenue Department (exceptions: banks, insurance providers, and licensed company managers/agents). The licence expires annually on 31 March and must be displayed at the place of operation. Fee schedule ranges from $10–$7,500 depending on the business category. No fixed-format licence number has been confirmed in public documentation.

*Registration number:* Unique identifier assigned by the Registrar of Companies at incorporation under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08, as revised and amended through 2025). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and all subsequent registry filings. The online Kregistry portal (kregistry.tcifsc.tc) is the official system of record. No fixed public format specification has been confirmed; numbers are assigned sequentially by the registry management system.

## Sector regulators

`Turks and Caicos Islands Financial Services Commission (TCIFSC)` · `Revenue Department (business licensing)` · `Financial Intelligence Agency (FIA)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Domestic Company (Company Limited by Shares) | Ltd.         | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08, eff. 2017 as revised); a resident company carrying on business within TCI; shareholders' liability is limited to the unpaid amount on their shares; subject to annual reporting obligations disclosing shareholder and director information. Must include 'Limited' or 'Ltd.' in its name. Closely-held SMEs and local operating entities use this structure. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| International (Exempt) Company               | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08) as an 'exempted' or 'international' company; designed for business conducted mainly outside TCI; upon incorporation receives a 20-year statutory exemption from any future TCI taxes; no requirement to file directors or shareholders on any public record; single shareholder and corporate director permitted; registered agent in TCI required. The primary vehicle for cross-border holding, trading, financing, and asset protection structures. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                   |
| Protected Cell Company                       | PCC          | A variant available under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08); a single legal entity divided into multiple ring-fenced cells, each with legally isolated assets and liabilities; written consent of the Financial Services Commission is required to establish or vary cells; primarily used for captive insurance, mutual funds, and investment structures. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Non-Profit Organisation                      | NPO          | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08) with approval from the NPO Supervisor; established for charitable, religious, educational, or social purposes; no distribution of profits to members; governed by Memorandum and Articles of Association setting out its non-profit objects; subject to AML/CFT supervision by the TCIFSC. Closest US equivalent: Non-profit corporation (501(c)(3)).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Company Limited by Guarantee                 | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08); members undertake to contribute a specified amount to assets in winding up rather than holding shares; commonly used for associations, clubs, professional bodies, and non-profit entities. No share capital. Closest US equivalent: Non-profit membership corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Unlimited Company                            | —            | Incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08); no limitation on member liability; may or may not be authorised to issue shares; used for specific project-based structures where unlimited liability is acceptable. Closest US equivalent: General partnership (in terms of unlimited liability), though it is a distinct corporate vehicle.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Limited Partnership                          | LP           | Formed under the Limited Partnership Ordinance (1992, based on the US Uniform Limited Partnership Act); one or more general partners with unlimited personal liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their agreed capital contribution; must be registered on the Limited Partnership Register at the TCIFSC Registry Department; commonly used for private equity, venture capital, and fund structures. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                         |
| Ordinary (General) Partnership               | —            | Governed by the Partnership Ordinance (2011) and English common law; two or more persons carrying on business in common with a view to profit; all partners personally liable for partnership debts without limit; no statutory registration or filing obligations with the TCIFSC. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| Sole Proprietorship / Business Name          | —            | A single individual trading under their own name or a registered business name; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; must obtain a Business Licence from the Revenue Department under the Business Licensing Ordinance; any trading name other than the owner's own name must be registered with the TCIFSC Registry under the Business Names (Registration) Ordinance. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Branch of Foreign Company                    | —            | A foreign corporation registered with the TCIFSC Registry Department to conduct business in TCI; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable; must appoint a local registered agent; governed by the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08) provisions applicable to foreign companies. Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch/representative office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Trust                                        | —            | Governed by the Trusts Ordinance 2016 (replacing the 1990 Ordinance); provides for discretionary, purpose, charitable, protective, and asset protection trusts; no rule against perpetuities — indefinite duration permitted; strong creditor protection with a four-year limitation on unwinding of validly established trusts; all trustees must be licensed by the TCIFSC under the Trust Companies (Licensing and Supervision) Ordinance 2016; full tax neutrality (no income, capital gains, inheritance, or stamp duty on trust creation). Not registered as a company but trustee must be licensed. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association                        |
| Tax Registration       | Business Licence                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                              |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                           |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors                                         |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney            |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                   | Proves                                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**           | Legal Registration                                                                   |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents                                                               |
| **Business Licence**                       | Tax Registration                                                                     |
| **Business Licence**                       | Operating Permit                                                                     |
| **Register of Members**                    | Ownership Records                                                                    |
| **Register of Directors**                  | Governance Records                                                                   |
| **Board Resolution**                       | Signing Authority                                                                    |
| **Power of Attorney**                      | Signing Authority                                                                    |
| **Utility Bill (90 days)**                 | Address                                                                              |
| **Bank Statement (90 days)**               | Address                                                                              |
| **Lease Agreement**                        | Address                                                                              |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**           | Good Standing                                                                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                | Banking Licence, Insurance Licence, Trust Company Licence, Money Transmitter Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies (TCIFSC Registry Department) upon successful filing of Memorandum and Articles of Association under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08). Serves as conclusive evidence of incorporation and compliance. Issued typically within 48 business hours. The certificate records the company name, registration number, type of company, and date of incorporation, and is sealed with the official seal of the Registry. Processing through the Kregistry online portal (kregistry.tcifsc.tc). Apostilled copies available for international use.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with the TCIFSC Registry at incorporation. The Memorandum sets out the company name, registered office, type/liability, and authorized capital. The Articles prescribe the internal regulations of the company (governance, share transfers, director powers). Both documents must be signed by every subscriber and filed in triplicate with the Registrar under the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 16.08). For international/exempt companies a standard template is commonly used. Post-2017 filings may also be consolidated into a single Articles of Association document.
* **Tax Registration:** TCI has no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or VAT. The Business Licence issued by the Revenue Department under the Business Licensing Ordinance serves as the fiscal/operating credential. Mandatory for all individuals and corporations engaging in business in or from TCI (exceptions: banks, insurance providers, licensed company managers/agents). Expires annually on 31 March; renewal window February–April. Fee range $10–$7,500 depending on business category (15 categories; 200+ prescribed activities). The licence must be displayed conspicuously at the place of operation.
* **Operating Permit:** The Business Licence issued by the Revenue Department under the Business Licensing Ordinance also serves as the general operating permission to carry on business in or from TCI. The same licence satisfies both tax\_certificate and operating\_license requirements; see tax\_certificate slot for full details.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The TCIFSC is the integrated regulator for all financial services in TCI. Sector-specific licences required include: Banking Licence (national or overseas) under the Banking Ordinance; Insurance Licence (insurer, broker, agent, or manager) under the Insurance Ordinance (Cap. 16.06) and Insurance Regulations 1999; Trust Company Licence (restricted or unrestricted) under the Trust Companies (Licensing and Supervision) Ordinance 2016; Money Transmitter/MSB Licence under the Financial Services Commission Ordinance; Investment Dealer/Mutual Fund Administrator Licence under relevant investment legislation; Company Management Licence under the Company Management (Licensing) Ordinance. These licences are required only for regulated entities and are not a general KYB document.
* **Governance Records:** All TCI companies must maintain a Register of Directors at or accessible from the registered office. For domestic companies, director information is subject to annual reporting requirements. For international/exempt companies, directors are registered with the TCIFSC but the register is not publicly accessible — changes must be reported to the registered agent within approximately 15 days of occurrence. No requirement to file the register on any public record for exempt companies.
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory form prescribed. A board resolution authorizing a named signatory, passed at a duly constituted meeting or by written resolution of directors, is the standard instrument. A notarized Power of Attorney may also be used where broad ongoing authority is required. Companies commonly use company letterhead resolutions.
* **Address:** Standard English common-law practice: a utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days, or a signed lease agreement (no time limit). Utility providers in TCI include FortisTCI (electricity) and Turks and Caicos Water Co. (water). For registered offices, the registered agent's address is commonly used as the corporate address.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies (TCIFSC Registry Department) upon request by any person, in approved form, confirming that the company is in good standing. Conditions for issuance: company has paid all fees and penalties due under the Companies Ordinance; no documents, proceedings, or notices have been filed to strike the company's name off the register or wind up its affairs. Available via the Kregistry online portal or on written application to the Registry. Standard processing is typically 3–5 business days; apostilled versions available for international use.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                         | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with authority to manage the company and bind it in transactions; named in the Register of Directors. For international/exempt companies, both natural persons and corporate bodies may serve as directors.                                |
| Authorised Signatory               | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by board resolution or power of attorney to execute documents and act on behalf of the company. Common where a director delegates signing authority.                                                                               |
| Registered Agent / Company Manager | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Licensed company manager under the Company Management (Licensing) Ordinance; required for all TCI companies; provides the registered office address and acts as regulatory point of contact with the TCIFSC. Not a controlling person but must be disclosed. |

## Notes

* TCI levies no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, or VAT. Revenue derives from customs duties, accommodation tax, and business licence fees. TCI does not issue tax identification numbers (TINs) or equivalent identifiers for tax purposes (OECD CRS TIN guidance). The Business Licence Number is the closest operational identifier for a business but is not a TIN.
* International (exempt) companies receive a 20-year statutory tax exemption guarantee from their date of incorporation. There is no requirement to file directors or shareholders on any public record for these entities.
* Economic substance requirements apply to companies and limited partnerships conducting 'relevant activities' (banking, insurance, fund management, financing, leasing, HQ, shipping, IP, distribution/service centres) under the Companies and Limited Partnerships (Economic Substance) Ordinance (Chapter 16.19, as amended through 2024); failure to comply may result in striking off.
* Documents are commonly in English. Apostilles are available from the TCIFSC Registry for international recognition of incorporation documents.
* Banks and insurance providers are exempt from the Business Licensing Ordinance requirement and are regulated exclusively by sector-specific TCIFSC licences.
* The Kregistry online portal ([https://kregistry.tcifsc.tc/kregistry/](https://kregistry.tcifsc.tc/kregistry/)) is the official system for company name reservation, incorporation filings, and registry searches.
* As of 17 February 2026, TCI is listed on the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes (Annex I) following OECD Forum on Harmful Tax Practices findings of deficiencies in economic substance enforcement and compliance reporting. Counterparties subject to EU anti-avoidance rules (ATAD 3, DAC6, or domestic equivalents) should treat TCI-resident entities accordingly. TCI authorities have announced remedial measures (revised economic substance reporting tool, expanded FTIE enforcement powers) and the list will next be reviewed in October 2026.


# Tuvalu
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/tuvalu

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Tuvalu (TUV) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                    |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                                                             |
| ISO 3166-1   | TV / TUV                                                                                                 |
| Registry     | [Registrar of Companies, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development](https://finance.gov.tv/business/) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                               |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Tuvalu and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                              | Issuer                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Business Registration Number / Tax Reference Number** | Tuvalu Revenue and Customs Service (TRCS), Ministry of Finance and Economic Development |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number**                         | Registrar of Companies, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development                    |

*Tax ID:* Tuvalu does not impose corporate income tax or capital gains tax. All businesses must file a Business, Revenue & Customs Registration Form with the Ministry of Finance and Economic Development; the registration number assigned also serves as the tax reference for quarterly presumptive-tax payments (AUD 100 per quarter for registered businesses under the Licences Act) and payroll tax compliance. No separate TIN certificate in the traditional sense is issued; the business registration number appearing on the registration form and operating licence is the operative fiscal identifier. There is no VAT or GST in Tuvalu.

*Registration number:* Assigned at incorporation under the Companies Act 1991 (Cap. 40.08) for domestic companies or under the International Companies Act 2009 (Cap. 40.34) for IBCs; also assigned to partnerships and sole traders under the Companies and Business Registration Act (Cap. 40.12, Revised 2008). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation (companies) or the registration certificate issued by the Registrar. No standardised public alphanumeric format confirmed.

## Sector regulators

`Banking Commission of Tuvalu (BCT)` · `Tuvalu Revenue and Customs Service (TRCS), Ministry of Finance and Economic Development` · `Registrar of Companies, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development`

## Legal structures

| Local name                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------ | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Public Company                 | —            | Share-capital company incorporated under the Companies Act 1991 (Cap. 40.08) whose shares may be offered to the public; governed by a board of directors; no restriction on share transferability; subject to broader governance and filing obligations. Extremely rare in Tuvalu's small domestic economy. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Proprietary (Private) Company  | Pty          | Closely-held company incorporated under the Companies Act 1991 (Cap. 40.08); constitution must limit shareholders to a maximum of 20; share transfers are restricted; shares and debentures may not be offered to the public; directors must hold at least one share; only one class of shares may be issued. The primary domestic incorporation vehicle for SMEs and foreign investors seeking a resident business entity. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| International Business Company | IBC          | Offshore company incorporated under the International Companies Act 2009 (Cap. 40.34, 2022 Revised Edition) for business conducted entirely outside Tuvalu; minimum two directors required (ICA s.40(1)); at least one shareholder; directors and members may be non-resident; registered through a licensed registered agent in Funafuti; authorized capital denominated in USD; exempt from all Tuvalu taxes on foreign-source income; registers of directors and shares are lodged with the Registrar but held as confidential information not available for public inspection (ICA ss.39(3), 27(3), 77). Widely used for holding, trading, and asset-structuring purposes. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| General Partnership            | —            | Two or more persons (minimum 2, maximum 25 under the Companies and Business Registration Act framework) carrying on business together under the Partnership Act 1991 (Cap. 40.36); all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability; partnership deed filed with the Registrar of Companies; the Minister maintains a register of filed partnership information. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Limited Partnership            | LP           | Partnership with one or more general partners bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; available under Tuvalu's partnership law framework and registered with the Ministry of Finance. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| Sole Trader                    | —            | Single individual carrying on business on their own account; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability; must file a Business, Revenue & Customs Registration Form with the Ministry of Finance within 30 days of commencing business under the Companies and Business Registration Act (Cap. 40.12); must also obtain a Business Operational Licence from the local Kaupule (island council) under the Licences Act (Cap. 28.XX). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Branch of Foreign Company      | —            | A foreign corporation establishing a place of business in Tuvalu; must file a certified copy of its constitutional documents (charter, statutes, memorandum and articles) and a list of directors with the Minister under the Companies and Business Registration Act (Cap. 40.12) and obtain a Business Operational Licence from the local Kaupule; not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent bears full liability; subject to the 40% cap on foreign interests in partnerships under the Companies and Business Registration Act (Cap. 40.12, s.3A). Closest US equivalent: foreign corporation branch.                                                                                              |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                           |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Registration   |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum and Articles of Association *(optional: Partnership Agreement)* |
| Tax Registration       | Business Registration Certificate                                          |
| Operating Permit       | Business Operational Licence                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Register of Members · Register of Shares                     |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors *(optional: Registered Directors List)*              |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                         |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement              |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                               |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                    | Proves                 |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                            | Legal Registration     |
| **Certificate of Registration (Partnership / Sole Trader)** | Legal Registration     |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**                  | Constitutive Documents |
| **Partnership Agreement**                                   | Constitutive Documents |
| **Business, Revenue & Customs Registration Certificate**    | Tax Registration       |
| **Business Operational Licence**                            | Operating Permit       |
| **Register of Members**                                     | Ownership Records      |
| **Register of Shares (IBC)**                                | Ownership Records      |
| **Register of Directors**                                   | Governance Records     |
| **Directors List filed with Ministry of Finance**           | Governance Records     |
| **Board Resolution**                                        | Signing Authority      |
| **Power of Attorney**                                       | Signing Authority      |
| **Lease Agreement**                                         | Address                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                             | Address                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                           | Address                |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                            | Good Standing          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                 | Banking Licence        |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Registrar of Companies, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, upon approval of Form 1 (Application for Incorporation) and Form 2 (Consent of Director(s)) filed under the Companies Act 1991 (Cap. 40.08) or the International Companies Act 2009 (Cap. 40.34). Includes company name, registration number, and date of incorporation. For IBCs, the registrar registers the Memorandum and Articles in the Register of International Companies and issues a Certificate of Incorporation, typically within one business day. The company register is not publicly searchable for free; searches available via the Ministry of Finance or third-party agents (e.g. Schmidt & Schmidt) for a fee with 7–14 day turnaround. Partnerships and sole traders receive a registration certificate rather than a Certificate of Incorporation.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Constitutive document filed with the Registrar of Companies at incorporation under the Companies Act 1991 (Cap. 40.08); sets out the company name, objects, authorised share capital, governance rules, and voting provisions. For IBCs under the International Companies Act 2009 (Cap. 40.34), the Memorandum and Articles of Association are registered with the Tuvalu International Companies Registry and retained in the Register of International Companies; these documents remain private. For partnerships, a Partnership Agreement (deed) is filed with the Registrar under the Companies and Business Registration Act (Cap. 40.12).
* **Tax Registration:** Tuvalu has no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or VAT/GST. All businesses must complete a Business, Revenue & Customs Registration Form with the Ministry of Finance and Economic Development upon commencement of business; the assigned registration number serves as the tax reference. Quarterly presumptive tax of AUD 100 applies to all registered businesses (AUD 20 for informal unregistered operators). Personal income tax is payable by individuals (0% up to AUD 10,000; rates up to 35% over AUD 40,000). For IBCs, no tax obligations exist for foreign-source income under the International Companies Act 2009. The Business Operational Licence issued by the Kaupule under the Licences Act also serves as proof of tax compliance at the local government level. No standalone TIN Certificate is issued.
* **Operating Permit:** Every registered business in Tuvalu must obtain a Business Operational Licence (BOL) under the Licences Act (Cap. 28.XX, as amended 2008). The BOL is issued by the relevant Kaupule (island/local council) — there are eight Kaupule jurisdictions across Tuvalu's islands (Funafuti, Nanumea, Nui, Nukufetau, Nukulaetau, Nukunonu, Vaitupu, Niulakita, and Nanumanga). A copy of the certificate of registration from the Department of Business (Ministry of Finance) is required before a BOL will be issued. The Kaupule has power to suspend or cancel licences for non-compliance; failure to notify the Kaupule when ceasing business can result in up to 3 months imprisonment. Annual renewal is required.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Banking and deposit-taking licences are issued by the Banking Commission of Tuvalu (BCT) under the Banking Commission Act 2011 (Cap. BCT). The BCT is the sole authority for issuing bank licences; its supervisory capacity is limited and is the subject of ongoing IMF-recommended reform (2025 Article IV Mission). The National Bank of Tuvalu (NBT) is the dominant licensed bank, wholly state-owned. Insurance activities are subject to separate sectoral requirements. No securities regulator or money-services-business licensing regime has been confirmed in Tuvalu's published legislation as of 2026. For IBCs wishing to conduct financial services (banking, insurance, investment), the International Companies Act 2009 regime does not itself confer financial services authorisation; a separate sectoral licence from the BCT or applicable authority is required.
* **Governance Records:** Domestic companies under the Companies Act 1991 (Cap. 40.08) maintain a register of directors. For IBCs under the International Companies Act 2009 (Cap. 40.34), the registered agent keeps a copy of the register of directors at the registered office and a further copy is lodged with the Registrar (ICA s.39(3)); all information is held as confidential and not available for public inspection (ICA s.77). Under the Companies and Business Registration Act (Cap. 40.12), companies and partnerships must file a list of directors/partners with the Minister annually; the Minister maintains a register of this information. A minimum of two directors is required for IBCs at all times (ICA s.40(1)).
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorising a signatory is standard practice for companies; no statutory prescribed form under Tuvalu law. Power of attorney may be used as an alternative. Note: Tuvalu is NOT a contracting party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed on the HCCH status table as of 2025). Documents for international use must be legalised through consular channels rather than by apostille.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. Utility infrastructure in Tuvalu is limited; bank statements from the National Bank of Tuvalu (NBT) — the sole commercial bank — or the Development Bank of Tuvalu are the most common substitutes. The registered office requirement for domestic companies and IBCs requires a physical address in Funafuti. Bank of South Pacific (BSP) does not operate in Tuvalu.
* **Good Standing:** A Certificate of Good Standing is available for companies incorporated under both the Companies Act 1991 and the International Companies Act 2009 (Cap. 40.34). Issued by the Registrar of Companies (Ministry of Finance and Economic Development) on application by the company or its authorised representative; confirms the company's active status and compliance with annual formalities. The Tuvalu company register is not publicly searchable at no cost; extracts and certificates obtained via the Ministry or through authorised agents (e.g. Schmidt & Schmidt) typically take 7–14 days. Tuvalu is NOT a contracting party to the Hague Apostille Convention; certificates for international use require consular legalisation.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer responsible for management; minimum one director required for all companies; for domestic Proprietary companies directors must be shareholders; named in the Register of Directors and filed with the Registrar. Nominee directors are permitted for IBCs under the International Companies Act 2009. |
| Authorized Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person authorised by board resolution or notarised power of attorney to act on behalf of the company.                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |

## Notes

* Tuvalu operates two parallel corporate regimes: (1) domestic companies under the Companies Act 1991 (Cap. 40.08), intended for businesses operating within Tuvalu; and (2) International Business Companies under the International Companies Act 2009 (Cap. 40.34), intended for business conducted entirely outside Tuvalu. Conduit will predominantly encounter IBCs. IBCs require a minimum of two directors (ICA s.40(1)); registers of directors and shares are lodged with the Registrar but held as confidential (ICA ss.27(3), 39(3), 77) — not publicly accessible. Verify which regime applies before assessing tax and disclosure documents.
* Tuvalu has no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, VAT, or GST. IBCs are fully exempt from all Tuvalu taxes on foreign-source income. The only fiscal obligation for domestic businesses is a quarterly presumptive tax of AUD 100 and Kaupule-level operating licence fees. Do not request corporate tax certificates — none exist.
* Tuvalu is NOT a contracting party to the Hague Apostille Convention (confirmed HCCH status table, December 2025). Do not accept apostille-stamped Tuvaluan documents. All documents for international use (e.g. certified copies, certificates of incorporation, good standing) must be legalised through consular channels. Consular legalisation may take several weeks.
* The company register is not freely publicly searchable. Obtaining a registry extract or Certificate of Good Standing typically requires a request through the Ministry of Finance and Economic Development or a licensed third-party agent, with a 7–14 day turnaround and a fee. For IBCs, the registered agent (licensed under the International Companies Act 2009) holds the key corporate records confidentially — no public access.
* The Business Operational Licence (BOL) is a mandatory operational requirement under the Licences Act, issued by the island Kaupule, not the central Ministry of Finance. Funafuti is the primary jurisdiction for most commercial entities. For companies based on outer islands, confirm which Kaupule issued the licence.
* Foreign direct investment in domestic businesses and partnerships is subject to foreign-interest restrictions under the Companies and Business Registration Act (Cap. 40.12, s.3A): partnerships cannot exceed prescribed percentages of foreign interests in assets and profits (40% per current regulations). IBCs under the International Companies Act 2009 permit 100% foreign ownership.
* Australian dollar (AUD) is the functional currency for domestic businesses; IBCs under the International Companies Act 2009 must denominate authorized capital in USD. Tuvalu has no central bank. The National Bank of Tuvalu (NBT) is the sole commercial bank (100% government-owned); the Development Bank of Tuvalu also operates. Bank of South Pacific (BSP) does not operate in Tuvalu. Bank statements from NBT should be accepted as address evidence.


# Uganda
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/uganda

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Uganda (UGA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                      |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Africa                                     |
| ISO 3166-1   | UG / UGA                                   |
| Registry     | Uganda Registration Services Bureau (URSB) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Uganda and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                   | Issuer                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TIN**                      | URA (Uganda Revenue Authority)             |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **URSB registration number** | URSB (Uganda Registration Services Bureau) |

*Tax ID:* Taxpayer Identification Number issued by URA.

*Registration number:* Company registration number assigned by URSB.

## Sector regulators

`BoU` · `CMA` · `IRA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Private Company Limited by Shares | Ltd          | Closely-held company with share capital and limited liability; membership capped at 100 persons under the Companies Act 2012. The standard SME incorporation vehicle in Uganda. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                      |
| Public Company Limited by Shares  | PLC          | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public and listed on a stock exchange; requires at least seven shareholders. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                         |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | CLG          | Company with no share capital whose members guarantee a fixed sum on winding up; used for nonprofits, charities, and professional associations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                |
| Unlimited Company                 | —            | Company in which members bear unlimited personal liability for the company's debts; rare in practice under the Companies Act 2012. Closest analogy: General Partnership held in corporate form.                                                              |
| Partnership                       | —            | Unincorporated association of 2–20 persons carrying on business together; partners bear unlimited joint liability and must register a business name with URSB if not trading under all partners' true surnames. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.      |
| Sole Proprietorship               | —            | Single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal entity. A business name not consisting of the owner's true name must be registered with URSB. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                      |
| External Company (Branch)         | —            | Foreign company incorporated outside Uganda that registers with URSB to conduct business within the country; operates as a branch of the parent entity rather than a separate legal person. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                        |
| Cooperative Society               | —            | Member-owned body corporate registered under the Cooperative Societies Act 1991 (Cap. 112) by the Registrar of Cooperative Societies at MTIC; promotes members' economic and social interests on cooperative principles. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                     |
| ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                         |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                 |
| Tax Registration       | TIN Certificate                                                      |
| Operating Permit       | Trading License                                                      |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Annual Return |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Annual Return |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                                     |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement        |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                                |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (URSB)**  | Legal Registration                    |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association** | Constitutive Documents                |
| **TIN Certificate (URA)**                | Tax Registration                      |
| **Trading License (KCCA / municipal)**   | Operating Permit                      |
| **MemArts**                              | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Annual Return**                        | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Board Resolution**                     | Signing Authority                     |
| **Lease Agreement**                      | Address                               |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**          | Address                               |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**        | Address                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**              | BoU, CMA, IRA                         |

**Not applicable in Uganda:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description   |
| ---------- | -------------------- | ------------- |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. |


# United Arab Emirates
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/united-arab-emirates

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in United Arab Emirates (ARE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                              |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | AE / ARE                                           |
| Registry     | Emirate DED (mainland); zone authority (free zone) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                         |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in United Arab Emirates and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                            | Issuer                                             |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TRN**                                                               | Federal Tax Authority (FTA)                        |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Trade Licence Number (mainland) / Registration Number (free zone)** | Emirate DED (mainland); zone authority (free zone) |

*Tax ID:* 15-digit number. Single TRN covers VAT and Corporate Tax. Printed on FTA TRN Certificate.

*Registration number:* Format varies by emirate and zone. Dual-registered entities carry both a DED licence number and a zone registration number.

## Sector regulators

`CBUAE` · `CMA` · `DFSA` · `FSRA` · `TDRA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                  | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Limited Liability Company (mainland)        | LLC          | 1–50 partners; liability limited to capital contribution; 100% foreign ownership permitted for most activities under FDL 32/2021. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                          |
| Sole Establishment                          | —            | Single natural-person trade licence on the mainland; owner bears unlimited personal liability; 100% foreign ownership permitted (local service agent required for non-professional activities). Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                            |
| Civil Company                               | —            | Two or more licensed professionals (doctors, lawyers, engineers, accountants) practising together under a shared trade name; governed by the Civil Transactions Law rather than the CCL; partners bear joint and several liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.    |
| General Partnership Company                 | —            | Two or more natural-person partners, all UAE nationals, jointly and severally liable for all company obligations under FDL 32/2021; rarely used by foreign investors. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership.                                                                  |
| Limited Partnership Company                 | —            | One or more general partners with unlimited joint liability plus one or more silent partners liable only to the extent of their capital contribution; governed by FDL 32/2021. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                    |
| Public Joint Stock Company                  | PJSC         | Minimum capital AED 30 million; board required; shares publicly tradable on UAE exchanges. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                          |
| Private Joint Stock Company                 | PrJSC        | Minimum capital AED 5 million; shares not publicly traded; governed by FDL 32/2021. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Free Zone Establishment / Free Zone Company | FZE / FZC    | Single-shareholder (FZE) or multi-shareholder (FZC) closely held entity incorporated within a UAE free zone under zone-specific rules; liability limited to share capital; shares not publicly tradable. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                   |
| DIFC Private Company (Limited by Shares)    | Ltd          | Closely held company incorporated under DIFC Companies Law (DIFC Law No. 5 of 2018); English common law; registered with DIFC Registrar of Companies; maximum 50 shareholders; shares not publicly tradable. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                               |
| DIFC Public Company (Limited by Shares)     | PLC          | Public company incorporated under DIFC Companies Law; minimum capital USD 100,000; may offer securities to the public; listed on NASDAQ Dubai or DIFX. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                              |
| DIFC Prescribed Company                     | PC           | Reduced-footprint private company limited by shares under DIFC Prescribed Company Regulations 2024; used as a holding or SPV vehicle within a group; exempt from filing annual audited accounts. Equivalent to a US LLC (single-member).                                           |
| DIFC Limited Liability Partnership          | LLP          | Partnership with separate legal personality and limited liability for all partners; incorporated under DIFC LLP Law; commonly used by professional services firms. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                                                                                     |
| ADGM Private Company (Limited by Shares)    | Ltd          | Closely held company incorporated under ADGM Companies Regulations 2020; English common law; registered with ADGM Registration Authority; shares not publicly tradable. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                    |
| ADGM Public Company (Limited by Shares)     | PLC          | Public company incorporated under ADGM Companies Regulations 2020; may offer securities to the public and list on Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                    |
| ADGM Limited Liability Partnership          | LLP          | Partnership with separate legal personality and limited liability for all partners; incorporated under ADGM LLP Regulations; used primarily by professional services firms. Closest US equivalent: LLP.                                                                            |
| Branch of Foreign Company                   | —            | Extension of a foreign parent entity; no separate legal personality; mainland registration via MoE and emirate DED, or free zone / DIFC / ADGM registration via the respective authority. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                |
| Foundation (DIFC / ADGM)                    | —            | Non-corporate legal entity used for wealth structuring, succession planning, and charitable purposes; incorporated under DIFC Foundations Law 2018 or ADGM Foundations Regulations 2017; assets held separately from the founder. Closest US equivalent: Statutory/Business Trust. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                            |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Trade Licence (Rukhsa Tijariya)                                             |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum of Association                                                   |
| Tax Registration       | TRN Certificate                                                             |
| Operating Permit       | Trade Licence (Rukhsa Tijariya)                                             |
| Ownership Records      | Shareholders Register                                                       |
| Governance Records     | MoA or MoE Extract (Managers/Directors Section)                             |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Power of Attorney (Wakala) + Arabic Translation (Certified) |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Ejari Tenancy Contract · DEWA / ADDC Bill · كشف حساب بنكي     |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                                        | Proves                               |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| **Trade Licence (Rukhsa Tijariya)**                                                             | Legal Registration, Operating Permit |
| **Memorandum of Association**                                                                   | Constitutive Documents               |
| **TRN Certificate (FTA)**                                                                       | Tax Registration                     |
| **Shareholders Register**                                                                       | Ownership Records                    |
| **MoA or MoE Extract (Managers/Directors Section)**                                             | Governance Records                   |
| **Power of Attorney (Wakala)**                                                                  | Signing Authority                    |
| **Arabic Translation (Certified)**                                                              | Signing Authority                    |
| **Ejari Tenancy Contract**                                                                      | Address                              |
| **DEWA / ADDC Bill (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                                            | Address                              |
| **كشف حساب بنكي (خلال 90 يومًا)**                                                               | Address                              |
| **Certificate of Good Standing / DED Status Letter / Free Zone Authority good-standing letter** | Good Standing                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                                     | CBUAE Licence                        |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Dual-registered entities must provide both.
* **Tax Registration:** Single certificate covers VAT and Corporate Tax.
* **Operating Permit:** Doubles as business-registration evidence for mainland entities.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect only for regulated-sector entities.
* **Governance Records:** Mainland LLC uses Mudir (Manager); JSCs and free-zone entities use Directors.
* **Signing Authority:** UAE is NOT a Hague Apostille party — full legalisation chain required.
* **Address:** Lease (no recency bound) or utility bill or bank statement dated within 90 days. Same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Mainland: request the Certificate of Good Standing from the issuing emirate's DED (some emirates issue a 'To Whom It May Concern' status letter instead — accept either). Free zone: request from the zone authority (DMCC, DIFC, JAFZA, ADGM, etc.). Distinct from the Trade Licence, which proves authorisation to operate, not current standing. Banks typically require issuance within 30 days.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                   | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Manager (Mudir — مدير)       | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Named executive managing mainland LLC; day-to-day authority; named in MoA.                             |
| General Manager              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Operational head; common in free zones and branch offices.                                             |
| Director (JSC / DIFC / ADGM) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board-level governance role in PJSC, PrJSC, DIFC LTD, or ADGM Ltd.                                     |
| Authorised Signatory         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person empowered to bind the entity; named in POA or board resolution.                                 |
| Nominee (Wakil — وكيل)       | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Registered nominee under Cabinet Decision No. 109 of 2023; must be notified of changes within 15 days. |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                           | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------- | ----------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Free Zone Registration Number` | shareholder | Zone entities carry a separate zone registration number from any mainland Trade Licence; both required if dual-registered. |

## Notes

* UAE is NOT a Hague Apostille party (confirmed HCCH Status Table, 31-XII-2025). Foreign POAs require: home-country notarisation → UAE Embassy/Consulate attestation → MOFAIC attestation. Apostille alone is not sufficient.
* Mainland vs. free zone are legally distinct tracks. DIFC/ADGM entities are governed by English common law under DFSA/FSRA; not subject to MoE or emirate DED jurisdiction. Collect the correct registration document for the applicable track.
* Capital markets and securities are regulated by CMA (Federal Decree-Law No. 32 of 2025, in force 2026-01-01); CMA replaces the former SCA. Treat any pre-2026 SCA licence as a current CMA licence.
* Cabinet Decision No. 109 of 2023 (issued 2023-11-06, in force 2023-11-16) superseded Decision No. 58 of 2020. New Decision introduced a nominee-board-member register and penalties under Cabinet Decision No. 132 of 2023. Do not cite 58/2020 as current.


# United Kingdom
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/united-kingdom

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in United Kingdom (GBR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value           |
| ------------ | --------------- |
| Region       | Europe          |
| ISO 3166-1   | GB / GBR        |
| Registry     | Companies House |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in United Kingdom and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                            | Issuer          |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | --------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)**   | HMRC            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Company Registration Number (CRN)** | Companies House |

*Tax ID:* 10-digit number; auto-assigned on CT registration; appears on HMRC correspondence. VAT Registration Number (GB + 9 digits; XI prefix for NI–EU trade) is supplementary — collect separately if VAT-registered.

*Registration number:* 8 characters. England & Wales: 8-digit unprefixed (e.g. 01234567). Jurisdiction prefixes: SC (Scotland Ltd), NI (Northern Ireland Ltd), OC (E\&W LLP), SO (Scottish LLP), LP (E\&W LP), SL (Scottish LP).

## Sector regulators

`FCA` · `PRA/Bank of England` · `HMRC` · `Ofcom` · `PSR`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                             | Abbreviation     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Public Limited Company                                 | PLC              | Share-capital company whose shares may be offered to the public; minimum allotted capital £50,000; subject to FCA Listing Rules if listed on a recognised exchange. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                  |
| Private Company Limited by Shares                      | Ltd              | The dominant SME vehicle with separate legal personality; members' liability capped at unpaid share amounts; shares are not freely tradable to the public. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                              |
| Limited Liability Partnership                          | LLP              | Incorporated partnership with separate legal personality and members' limited liability; governed by an LLP agreement; taxed as a partnership. Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                                                          |
| Limited Partnership                                    | LP               | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their contribution; registered at Companies House. Equivalent to a US LP.                                                                   |
| General Partnership                                    | GP               | Two or more persons carrying on business in common with a view to profit; no separate legal personality in England & Wales; all partners bear unlimited liability; registered with HMRC. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                |
| Sole Trader                                            | —                | A single individual trading on their own account; no separate legal entity; registered with HMRC for Self Assessment; unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                     |
| Private Company Limited by Guarantee                   | Ltd by guarantee | Incorporated company with no share capital; members' liability limited to a guaranteed amount (typically £1); used by charities, clubs, and associations. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                         |
| Community Interest Company                             | CIC              | Limited company (by shares or guarantee) with an asset lock, requiring profits and assets to benefit the community; registered at Companies House. Closest US equivalent: Public Benefit Corporation.                                                           |
| Charitable Incorporated Organisation                   | CIO              | Incorporated charity registered solely with the Charity Commission (England & Wales) or OSCR (Scotland), not with Companies House; members' liability limited; no share capital. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation (501(c)(3)).                      |
| Private Unlimited Company                              | Unltd            | Incorporated company with share capital but no limit on members' liability; rarely used; main advantage is exemption from filing accounts publicly. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp (with unlimited shareholder liability).                                       |
| Registered Society (Co-operative or Community Benefit) | —                | Incorporated body registered with the FCA under the Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies Act 2014; operated for members' mutual benefit (co-op) or the wider community (bencom); not registered at Companies House. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. |
| Overseas Company (UK Establishment)                    | —                | A foreign-incorporated entity that has registered a UK establishment (branch or place of business) with Companies House under the Overseas Companies Regulations 2009; not a separate UK legal entity. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                              |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Confirmation Statement         |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Association                                                       |
| Tax Registration       | UTR notification letter                                                       |
| Ownership Records      | Confirmation Statement                                                        |
| Governance Records     | Companies House Officers Register                                             |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board minute · Written Resolution · Deed-form Power of Attorney |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                 |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                                  | Proves                                                                                       |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                                                          | Legal Registration                                                                           |
| **Confirmation Statement (CS01)**                                                         | Legal Registration, Ownership Records                                                        |
| **Articles of Association (+ vestigial Memorandum of Association)**                       | Constitutive Documents                                                                       |
| **UTR notification letter (HMRC)**                                                        | Tax Registration                                                                             |
| **Companies House Officers Register (via Confirmation Statement / Find & Update portal)** | Governance Records                                                                           |
| **Board minute**                                                                          | Signing Authority                                                                            |
| **Written Resolution (private companies)**                                                | Signing Authority                                                                            |
| **Deed-form Power of Attorney**                                                           | Signing Authority                                                                            |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                                       | Address                                                                                      |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                                           | Address                                                                                      |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                                         | Address                                                                                      |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                               | FCA authorisation, PRA authorisation, HMRC MLR registration, Ofcom licence, ICO registration |

**Not applicable in United Kingdom:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Certificate proves existence and CRN; latest CS01 confirms current officers, PSC entries, and share capital.
* **Constitutive Documents:** The Memorandum of Association was reduced to a subscriber list by the Companies Act 2006; the substantive constitution is in the Articles alone.
* **Tax Registration:** 10-digit UTR; issued by HMRC on CT registration. Collect VAT Certificate (VAT 4) separately if VAT-registered.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Collect whichever apply; FCA Financial Services Register is publicly searchable at register.fca.org.uk.
* **Ownership Records:** The Confirmation Statement (CS01) filed with Companies House includes the current share capital structure and member/shareholder details. Latest CS01 available via Companies House public search.
* **Governance Records:** Lists directors, company secretary (if any); publicly searchable via Companies House.
* **Signing Authority:** Written resolution valid for private companies. Deed execution requires 2 authorised signatories or 1 director + witness.
* **Address:** Conduit accepts a lease (no time limit), utility bill, or bank statement dated within 90 days as proof of address. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                      |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with day-to-day authority; min. 1 natural person required (CA 2006 s.155).     |
| Designated Member (LLP) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | At least 2 required per LLPA 2000; responsible for LLP's statutory filings with Companies House. |
| General Partner (LP)    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages partnership; bears unlimited liability.                                                  |
| Authorised Signatory    | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Empowered by board resolution or POA to bind the company (CA 2006 s.44).                         |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                             | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                 |
| --------------------------------- | ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `PSC nature-of-control narrative` | shareholder | CA 2006 s.790C + ECCTA 2023 (eff. 2025-11-18) require filings to state which of the five conditions the PSC satisfies. |

## Notes

* PSC threshold is more than 25%, not ≥25%. A holder of exactly 25% does not qualify. The comparator is from CA 2006 Sch. 1A Part 1 — "more than 25 per cent of the voting rights / shares." Filing bands (25–50%, 50–75%, 75%+) are separate from the qualifying threshold.
* No general operating licence. The UK has no equivalent to a Patente, Alvará, or Trading Licence for ordinary commercial activities. Mark Operating Permit as N/A; collect sector-specific regulatory licences via Sector-Specific License.
* ECCTA 2023 IDV is live but in transition. Individual directors and PSCs must verify identity with Companies House via GOV.UK One Login or an ACSP (mandatory from 2025-11-18). Existing directors/PSCs have until their next confirmation statement (transition window ends \~2026-11-18). Corporate directors and officers of corporate PSCs deferred to 2026–2027.
* Companies House does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing. It issues a "summary statement" certifying continuous existence. Counterparties requesting a "Good Standing" certificate should be directed to this instrument; do not request a non-existent document.
* PSR consolidation into FCA. The PSR is being abolished; functions transferring to FCA. Requires primary legislation; government will legislate "as soon as parliamentary time allows" (HMT consultation response, 2026-04-21). No transition date has been announced. For payments-sector customers, cross-check both PSR and FCA registers during transition.


# United States
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/united-states

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in United States (USA) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                             |
| ------------ | --------------------------------- |
| Region       | United States & Canada            |
| ISO 3166-1   | US / USA                          |
| Registry     | State Secretary of State (varies) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in United States and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                  | Issuer                            |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **EIN**                     | IRS                               |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **State CRN / File Number** | State Secretary of State (varies) |

*Tax ID:* Federal Employer Identification Number, 9-digit XX-XXXXXXX. Confirmed via CP-575 (issuance) or 147C (re-issuance) letter — IRS does not issue an 'EIN certificate'.

*Registration number:* Format and naming vary by state of formation: Delaware 7-digit File Number, California 7–12-char Entity Number, New York DOS ID, Texas Filing Number, Florida Document Number. Enter the number exactly as your state registry issued it.

## Sector regulators

`SEC` · `FinCEN` · `OCC` · `FDIC` · `FRB` · `NCUA` · `CFPB` · `CFTC` · `NAIC and state insurance departments` · `NYDFS` · `FINRA` · `state MSB`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ----------------------------------------- | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| C-Corporation                             | C-Corp       | Standard stock corporation taxed as a separate entity (Subchapter C, IRC). No shareholder limit. Most common for VC-backed startups, public companies, and foreign-investor vehicles. Delaware predominates for institutional and cross-border use. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                        |
| S-Corporation                             | S-Corp       | A state-incorporated corporation (or LLC) that makes a federal tax election under IRC Subchapter S. Limits: ≤100 shareholders, US persons/residents only, one class of stock; not available to foreign shareholders or corporations. Equivalent to a US S-Corp.                                                                                       |
| Public Benefit Corporation                | PBC          | For-profit corporation pursuing a stated public benefit alongside shareholder returns. Available under DGCL Subchapter XV (Delaware) and most other states. Distinct from "B Corp" certification by B Lab. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                                                                                                 |
| Nonprofit Corporation                     | 501(c)(3)    | State-incorporated nonprofit that may apply to the IRS for federal tax-exempt status under IRC §501(c)(3) or other 501(c) subchapters. Governed by state nonprofit corporation acts. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                        |
| Professional Corporation                  | PC           | Corporation formed by licensed professionals (physicians, attorneys, accountants, architects, etc.) under state professional corporation statutes. Shareholders must hold the applicable professional license; provides limited liability for business debts but not for personal malpractice. Available in all 50 states. Equivalent to a US C-Corp. |
| Limited Liability Company (multi-member)  | LLC          | Pass-through (partnership taxation) by default. Members hold membership interests, not shares. Operating Agreement governs internally and is not typically filed publicly. Delaware and Wyoming are popular formation states. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                 |
| Limited Liability Company (single-member) | SMLLC        | One-member LLC; disregarded entity by default for federal income tax. Same state formation mechanics as a multi-member LLC. Equivalent to a US SMLLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Series LLC                                | Series LLC   | Single LLC with separately ring-fenced series, each with distinct assets, liabilities, members, and managers. Available in DE, NV, TX, IL, UT, and select other states. Inter-series liability protection is not universally recognized outside the formation state. Equivalent to a US Series LLC.                                                   |
| Professional Limited Liability Company    | PLLC         | LLC formed by licensed professionals under state professional LLC statutes; members must hold the applicable professional license. Provides limited liability for business debts but generally not for the member's own malpractice. Available in most states. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                |
| Limited Partnership                       | LP           | At least one general partner (unlimited personal liability and management authority) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at investment). Common in PE, real estate, and fund structures. Equivalent to a US LP.                                                                                                                        |
| Limited Liability Partnership             | LLP          | Partnership where all partners carry limited liability for the partnership's debts and the malpractice of other partners. Predominantly used by professional service firms (law, accounting, architecture). State availability and scope of liability shield vary. Equivalent to a US LLP.                                                            |
| Limited Liability Limited Partnership     | LLLP         | A limited partnership in which the general partners also receive limited liability protection (analogous to LLP treatment layered onto an LP). Recognized in approximately 28–30 states including Delaware, Florida, Texas, Colorado, and Virginia. Equivalent to a US LP.                                                                            |
| General Partnership                       | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together. Most states require no formal filing; all partners bear unlimited personal liability for partnership obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                                                                                                          |
| Sole Proprietorship                       | —            | A single individual trading without forming a separate legal entity. May operate under the individual's legal name or a registered DBA (fictitious business name). No separate legal personality; owner bears unlimited personal liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                   |
| Cooperative                               | Co-op        | Member-owned entity organized under state cooperative corporation statutes (e.g., agricultural, worker, consumer, or housing cooperatives). Profits distributed as patronage dividends to member-users rather than investors. Taxed under Subchapter T (IRC) for qualifying cooperatives. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                             |
| Statutory Trust                           | DST          | Created by filing a Certificate of Trust with the state. Delaware Statutory Trust (12 Del. C. ch. 38) is most prominent — used in structured finance, real estate, and 1031 exchanges. Governed by a trust agreement; trustees hold legal title. Equivalent to a US Statutory/Business Trust.                                                         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                             |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation · Articles of Organization · Certificate of Formation |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation · Articles of Organization · Certificate of Formation |
| Tax Registration       | EIN Confirmation Letter                                                                                                      |
| Operating Permit       | *Any one of:* State Business License · Local Business License · Fictitious Business Name Statement                           |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Stock Ledger · Capitalization Table                                                                            |
| Governance Records     | *Required:* (Any one of: Statement of Information · Annual Report · Biennial Statement · Public Information Report) + Bylaws |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Unanimous Written Consent · Power of Attorney                                               |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                                                |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                 |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                                     | Proves                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Articles of Incorporation (or equivalent formation document — state-specific)**            | Legal Registration                                                                                                                            |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (Delaware and select states)**                                | Legal Registration, Constitutive Documents                                                                                                    |
| **Articles of Organization (LLC formation — state-specific)**                                | Legal Registration, Constitutive Documents                                                                                                    |
| **Certificate of Formation (LP/LLC — Delaware and select states)**                           | Legal Registration, Constitutive Documents                                                                                                    |
| **Articles of Incorporation**                                                                | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                        |
| **EIN Confirmation Letter (IRS CP-575 / 147C)**                                              | Tax Registration                                                                                                                              |
| **State Business License**                                                                   | Operating Permit                                                                                                                              |
| **Local / Municipal Business License**                                                       | Operating Permit                                                                                                                              |
| **Fictitious Business Name Statement**                                                       | Operating Permit                                                                                                                              |
| **Stock Ledger**                                                                             | Ownership Records                                                                                                                             |
| **Capitalization Table (Cap Table)**                                                         | Ownership Records                                                                                                                             |
| **Bylaws (private corporate governance document)**                                           | Governance Records                                                                                                                            |
| **Statement of Information (California — annual for stock corporations, biennial for LLCs)** | Governance Records                                                                                                                            |
| **Annual Report (state officer/director filing — state-specific)**                           | Governance Records                                                                                                                            |
| **Biennial Statement (New York — filed every 2 years)**                                      | Governance Records                                                                                                                            |
| **Public Information Report (Texas — annual)**                                               | Governance Records                                                                                                                            |
| **Board Resolution (corporate meeting minutes excerpt)**                                     | Signing Authority                                                                                                                             |
| **Unanimous Written Consent of Directors**                                                   | Signing Authority                                                                                                                             |
| **Power of Attorney**                                                                        | Signing Authority                                                                                                                             |
| **Lease Agreement**                                                                          | Address                                                                                                                                       |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                                                              | Address                                                                                                                                       |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                                                            | Address                                                                                                                                       |
| **Certificate of Good Standing / Certificate of Status / Certificate of Existence**          | Good Standing                                                                                                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                                  | SEC, FinCEN, OCC, FDIC, FRB, NCUA, CFPB, CFTC, NAIC, state insurance, NYDFS, state MSB licensing, FINRA Registration (SRO for broker-dealers) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Formation document varies by entity type and state (Articles of Incorporation / Certificate of Incorporation / Articles of Organization / Certificate of Formation are mutually exclusive). Collect the one that applies.
* **Governance Records:** Periodic state filing varies (CA Statement of Information / NY Biennial Statement / TX Public Information Report / generic Annual Report). Collect the filing applicable to the entity's formation state plus Bylaws.
* **Address:** Collect a lease (no time bound) OR a utility bill OR a bank statement (utility/bank dated within 90 days). The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Per-state instrument issued by the Secretary of State of the state of formation. No statutory expiration, but banks routinely require issuance within 30 days; foreign qualification typically requires 60–90 days. Request a certificate dated within 30–90 days of submission.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                    | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                  |
| --------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of the corporate board; sets policy, appoints officers, exercises fiduciary duties.                                   |
| Officer (CEO, CFO, Secretary, Treasurer, COO) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed by the board; agent of the corporation with day-to-day operational authority.                                      |
| Manager (LLC)                                 | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Person designated to manage a manager-managed LLC; need not be a member.                                                     |
| Managing Member (LLC)                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member who also serves as the designated manager of a manager-managed LLC.                                                   |
| General Partner (LP / LLP)                    | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Full management authority; unlimited personal liability in an LP; limited liability in LLP for most purposes.                |
| Authorized Signatory                          | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person empowered by board resolution, operating agreement, or POA to bind the entity.                                        |
| Person with Substantial Control (FinCEN)      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Senior officers or persons with authority over key decisions or board appointment/removal; no ownership percentage required. |
| Trustee (Statutory Trust)                     | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Legal title holder and manager of trust assets in a Statutory Trust; often an institutional trustee.                         |

## Notes

* Bylaws and Operating Agreements are private. Not filed with any state registry. Collect directly from the company.
* Certificates of Good Standing have no statutory expiration but go stale fast. Banks routinely require ≤30 days; foreign qualification typically ≤60–90 days. Record issuance date and build a freshness check.
* The IRS does not issue an "EIN certificate." Accept only CP-575 or 147C. Third-party "EIN certificates" are not IRS documents.
* Corporate Transparency Act scope was narrowed by FinCEN's interim final rule of 21 March 2025 (published 26 March 2025 at 90 FR 13688). The regulatory definition of "reporting company" was restricted to entities formed under foreign law and registered to do business in a US state; domestic US-formed entities and US persons are no longer subject to the CTA federal reporting regime. Do not request a FinCEN CTA filing from US-formed customers as part of onboarding evidence.
* NY LLC Act §206 publication requirement is fully in force — two newspapers, within 120 days of formation. No legislative reform was enacted through 2026-05. The separate NY LLC Transparency Act (eff. 2026-01-01) applies only to non-US LLCs registered in New York and does not address the publication requirement.


# Uruguay
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/uruguay

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Uruguay (URY) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                               |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                       |
| ISO 3166-1   | UY / URY                            |
| Registry     | Registro Nacional de Comercio (NRC) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Uruguay and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name          | Issuer                             |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **RUT**             | DGI (Dirección General Impositiva) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Inscripción NRC** | Registro Nacional de Comercio      |

*Tax ID:* Registro Único Tributario number for legal entities.

*Registration number:* Inscription number at the National Commerce Registry.

## Sector regulators

`BCU` · `URSEC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                           | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sociedad Anónima                     | S.A.         | Share-capital corporation with separate legal personality; shares freely transferable and may be listed publicly. Requires at least two shareholders and greater regulatory oversight. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                               |
| Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada   | S.A.S.       | Simplified share-capital company introduced by Ley 19.820 (2019); can be formed by a single shareholder with fewer formalities and may be incorporated digitally. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                    |
| Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | S.R.L.       | Quota-based limited-liability company with 2–50 partners; the most widely used vehicle for SMEs and foreign investors. Closest US equivalent: LLC.                                                                                                                  |
| Sociedad Colectiva                   | S.C.         | General partnership in which all partners bear joint, subsidiary, and unlimited personal liability for company obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                        |
| Sociedad en Comandita Simple         | S. en C.     | Limited partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners liable only to the extent of their capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                        |
| Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones   | S.C.A.       | Hybrid partnership where the limited partners' interests are divided into transferable shares; general partners retain unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                        |
| Sociedad de Capital e Industria      | S.C.I.       | Partnership combining capital-contributing partners (limited liability) and industry-contributing partners (who contribute labor and bear unlimited liability for obligations). Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                    |
| Empresa Unipersonal                  | —            | Sole-trader form in which a single natural person conducts business under their own name with no separate legal entity and unlimited personal liability; commonly registered under the Monotributo or IRAE tax regimes. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship. |
| Cooperativa                          | —            | Member-owned cooperative enterprise governed by Ley 18.407 (2008); structured around democratic control and the distribution of benefits among members rather than external investors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                          |
| Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera      | —            | Registered branch of a foreign legal entity operating in Uruguay; not a separate legal person — the parent company bears full liability. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                  |
| Sociedad de Hecho                    | —            | Unregistered de facto partnership formed by two or more persons acting jointly without a formal constitution; partners bear unlimited personal liability. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                          |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                              |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Inscripción NRC                                                                               |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Estatuto · Contrato Social                                                      |
| Tax Registration       | Tarjeta RUT                                                                                   |
| Operating Permit       | *All required:* Habilitación Municipal + DGI Inicio de Actividades                            |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Estatuto + Libro de Registro de Titulares                                     |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Estatuto + Acta de Designación                                                |
| Signing Authority      | *All required:* Acta de Directorio + Certificado Notarial de Vigencia de Poderes              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Constancia de Domicilio · Estado de Cuenta Bancario |
| Good Standing          | *Any one of:* Certificado de Vigencia · Certificado Único DGI                                 |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                        | Proves                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Inscripción NRC**                                                             | Legal Registration                                            |
| **Estatuto**                                                                    | Constitutive Documents, Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Contrato Social**                                                             | Constitutive Documents                                        |
| **Tarjeta RUT (DGI)**                                                           | Tax Registration                                              |
| **Habilitación Municipal**                                                      | Operating Permit                                              |
| **DGI Inicio de Actividades**                                                   | Operating Permit                                              |
| **Libro de Registro de Titulares**                                              | Ownership Records                                             |
| **Acta de Designación**                                                         | Governance Records                                            |
| **Acta de Directorio**                                                          | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Certificado Notarial de Vigencia de Poderes (power of attorney certificate)** | Signing Authority                                             |
| **Contrato de Arrendamiento**                                                   | Address                                                       |
| **Constancia de Domicilio (≤90 días)**                                          | Address                                                       |
| **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)**                                        | Address                                                       |
| **Certificado de Vigencia (NRC)**                                               | Good Standing                                                 |
| **Certificado Único DGI (vigencia fiscal, ≤180 días)**                          | Good Standing                                                 |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                     | BCU, URSEC                                                    |

### Collection notes

* **Address:** Lease has no time bound. Utility bill and bank statement must be dated within 90 days. The same document satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
* **Good Standing:** Uruguay issues a distinct Certificado de Vigencia from the DGR confirming current active status in the NRC. The DGI also issues a Certificado Único (\~180-day validity) certifying current tax compliance. Both are point-in-time; treat as stale after 90 days for KYB purposes.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role               | Canonical API role     | Description                    |
| ------------------------ | ---------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| Director / Administrador | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board member or administrator. |
| Presidente               | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Board president.               |
| Representante Legal      | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Legal representative.          |


# U.S. Virgin Islands
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/us-virgin-islands

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in U.S. Virgin Islands (VIR) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                                                      |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Latin America                                                                                                              |
| ISO 3166-1   | VI / VIR                                                                                                                   |
| Registry     | [Division of Corporations and Trademarks, Office of the Lieutenant Governor](https://www.corporationsandtrademarks.vi.gov) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                                                                                 |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in U.S. Virgin Islands and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                            | Issuer                                                                     |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Employer Identification Number (EIN) / Gross Receipts Tax Account** | Virgin Islands Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)                            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Entity File Number (Catalyst Registration Number)**                 | Division of Corporations and Trademarks, Office of the Lieutenant Governor |

*Tax ID:* The U.S. Virgin Islands operates a 'mirror' tax system under 26 U.S.C. § 932 in which the Internal Revenue Code applies with 'Virgin Islands' substituted for 'United States'. Businesses use a federal Employer Identification Number (EIN), obtained from the IRS via Form SS-4. This same EIN is registered with the Virgin Islands Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) for gross receipts tax, income tax withholding, and payroll tax purposes. Businesses with annual gross receipts of $225,000 or less file Form 720-B (annual); those above $225,000 file Form 720VI monthly. EDC beneficiary companies and Exempt Companies are also required to register with BIR and obtain an EIN before commencing operations.

*Registration number:* Assigned upon registration through the Catalyst online filing system (corporationsandtrademarks.vi.gov) under Title 13 (corporations, LLCs) or Title 26 (partnerships) of the Virgin Islands Code. Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation, Articles of Organization, Certificate of Limited Partnership, and all subsequent annual report filings. No publicly confirmed fixed-length format; issued as a numeric or alphanumeric sequence.

## Sector regulators

`Division of Banking, Insurance, and Financial Regulation (DBIFR), Office of the Lieutenant Governor` · `Virgin Islands Economic Development Commission (EDC) / Virgin Islands Economic Development Authority (VIEDA)` · `Department of Licensing and Consumer Affairs (DLCA)` · `FinCEN (federal AML/BSA oversight)` · `Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)` · `U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                            | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Domestic For-Profit Corporation       | Corp. / Inc. | Incorporated under Title 13, Chapter 1 of the Virgin Islands Code (General Corporation Law); requires a minimum of three directors and three officers (president, treasurer, secretary); directors must be natural persons; minimum capital of \$1,000; articles of incorporation filed through Catalyst with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks. Subject to annual franchise tax and annual report due by June 30. Eligible for Economic Development Commission (EDC) tax incentive program (90% reduction in corporate income tax, 100% exemption on gross receipts tax and property tax) if meeting employment and investment thresholds. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                        |
| Exempt Company                        | —            | A special offshore corporation authorized under Title 13 of the Virgin Islands Code; unique to the USVI — the only US-law jurisdiction offering a fully tax-free US-flag entity for foreign nationals. May not conduct any active trade or business within the USVI or the continental United States; permitted uses include holding companies, captive insurance, and FAA-registered aircraft ownership. U.S. citizens, residents, and corporations may not own more than 10% of the stock. Pays only a nominal annual fee of \$1,000 to the USVI government. Registered with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks. Closest US equivalent: Delaware shell holding company (offshore variant).                                       |
| Nonprofit Corporation                 | —            | Formed under Title 13, Chapter 3 of the Virgin Islands Code; requires three or more incorporators who are bona fide residents of the Virgin Islands; articles filed with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks. Used for charitable, religious, educational, fraternal, social, and scientific purposes. No shares issued; any net earnings must be applied to the declared purposes of the corporation. Closest US equivalent: 501(c)(3) Nonprofit Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Professional Corporation              | P.C. / PLLC  | Formed under Title 13, Chapter 10 of the Virgin Islands Code for licensed professionals (attorneys, physicians, accountants, architects, engineers, and similar professions). Name must include 'Professional Corporation', 'Professional Limited Liability Corporation', or abbreviation P.C., PC, P.L.L.C., or PLLC. Shareholders and directors must be licensed professionals in the relevant profession. Registered with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks. Closest US equivalent: Professional Corporation (PC) or PLLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| Economic Development Corporation      | EDC Corp.    | A domestic for-profit corporation that has been approved by the Virgin Islands Economic Development Commission (EDC) as a beneficiary enterprise. Not a distinct legal entity type — it is a domestic corporation that has received an EDC benefits certificate. Benefits include a 90% reduction in corporate and personal income taxes, 100% exemption on gross receipts tax, business property tax, and excise tax, and reduced customs duties (from 6% to 1%). Benefits last for an initial term of 10–15 years, extendable to a maximum aggregate of 30 years. Must maintain minimum employment of 10 USVI residents (at least 80% USVI residents for at least one year). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp in an enterprise zone program. |
| Limited Liability Company             | LLC          | Formed under Title 13, Chapter 15 of the Virgin Islands Code (Uniform Limited Liability Company Act 1998, Delaware-model); member-managed or manager-managed; articles of organization filed with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks via Catalyst; annual report (listing managers but not members) due by June 30; operating agreement is not legally required but standard practice. LLC name must include 'limited liability company', 'limited company', or abbreviation LLC, L.L.C., LC, or L.C. Minimum capital requirement of \$1,000. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                              |
| General Partnership                   | GP           | Two or more persons carrying on business together under Title 26, Chapter 1 of the Virgin Islands Code (Uniform Partnership Act); no separate formation filing required but must register a trade name with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks if operating under a fictitious name; unlimited joint and several liability for all partners. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Limited Partnership                   | LP           | Formed under Title 26, Chapter 3 of the Virgin Islands Code (Uniform Limited Partnership Act); one or more general partners with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution; certificate of limited partnership filed with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks; annual report due by June 30. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Limited Liability Partnership         | LLP          | Formed under Title 26, Chapter 1 of the Virgin Islands Code (Uniform Partnership Act, Subchapter X); statement of qualification filed with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks; partners have limited liability for the wrongful acts of other partners; commonly used by professional practices. Annual report due by June 30. Closest US equivalent: Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Limited Liability Limited Partnership | LLLP         | Formed under Title 26, Chapter 3, Subchapter XI of the Virgin Islands Code; a limited partnership in which the general partners also elect limited liability protection; statement of qualification filed with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks together with the certificate of limited partnership; fee of \$150. Annual report due by June 30. Closest US equivalent: Limited Liability Limited Partnership (LLLP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| Sole Proprietorship                   | —            | A single individual operating a business on their own account; no separate legal entity; unlimited personal liability. Must obtain a Business License from the Department of Licensing and Consumer Affairs (DLCA) before commencing business. Must register any fictitious trade name (other than the owner's own legal name) with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks. Must register with the Virgin Islands Bureau of Internal Revenue and obtain an EIN for employer tax purposes. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Cooperative Corporation               | —            | Formed under Title 13, Chapter 7 of the Virgin Islands Code; a corporation composed of ultimate producers or consumers organized for mutual benefit; earnings distributed proportionately among member-patrons. Registered with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks. Used primarily in agriculture, consumer, and credit sectors. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative Corporation.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| Branch of Foreign Corporation         | —            | A foreign corporation registered to conduct business in the USVI under Title 13 of the Virgin Islands Code; must file an application for a Certificate of Authority with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks, accompanied by a certified copy of its home-jurisdiction articles of incorporation, a certificate of good standing from its domestic jurisdiction, a consent of registered agent, and a statement of assets, liabilities, and capital stock. Not a separate legal entity — the foreign parent remains fully liable. Must also obtain a Business License from DLCA. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Corporation qualified to do business.                                                                               |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                                                                                  |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Articles of Organization · Certificate of Limited Partnership *(optional: Certificate of Authority)* |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · By-laws *(optional: Operating Agreement)*                                                               |
| Tax Registration       | EIN Confirmation Letter *(optional: EDC Benefits Certificate)*                                                                                    |
| Operating Permit       | Business License                                                                                                                                  |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Shareholders                                                                                                                          |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors and Officers · Annual Report (Director Extract)                                                               |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                                                                |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                                                                     |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                      |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                 | Proves                                                                                                                       |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                         | Legal Registration                                                                                                           |
| **Articles of Organization (LLC)**                       | Legal Registration                                                                                                           |
| **Certificate of Limited Partnership**                   | Legal Registration                                                                                                           |
| **Certificate of Authority (Foreign Corporation)**       | Legal Registration                                                                                                           |
| **Articles of Incorporation (Corporation)**              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                       |
| **Corporate By-laws**                                    | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                       |
| **LLC Operating Agreement**                              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                       |
| **IRS EIN Confirmation Letter (CP 575 / 147C)**          | Tax Registration                                                                                                             |
| **Economic Development Commission Benefits Certificate** | Tax Registration                                                                                                             |
| **US Virgin Islands Business License**                   | Operating Permit                                                                                                             |
| **Register of Shareholders / Register of Members**       | Ownership Records                                                                                                            |
| **Register of Directors and Officers**                   | Governance Records                                                                                                           |
| **Annual Report – Director and Officer Listing**         | Governance Records                                                                                                           |
| **Board Resolution**                                     | Signing Authority                                                                                                            |
| **Power of Attorney**                                    | Signing Authority                                                                                                            |
| **Utility Bill (not older than 90 days)**                | Address                                                                                                                      |
| **Bank Statement (not older than 90 days)**              | Address                                                                                                                      |
| **Lease Agreement**                                      | Address                                                                                                                      |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                         | Good Standing                                                                                                                |
| **Sector-Specific License**                              | DBIFR Banking / Financial Institution Licence, Money Transmitter Licence, Insurance Company / Producer Licence, IFSE Licence |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the Division of Corporations and Trademarks, Office of the Lieutenant Governor, via the Catalyst online filing system (corporationsandtrademarks.vi.gov) under Title 13 (corporations, LLCs) or Title 26 (partnerships) of the Virgin Islands Code. For corporations: Certificate of Incorporation (or certified Articles of Incorporation). For LLCs: Certificate of Organization (or Articles of Organization). For limited partnerships: Certificate of Limited Partnership. For foreign entities: Certificate of Authority. All documents publicly accessible in the Catalyst system.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For corporations: Articles of Incorporation (Title 13, § 2) filed with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks set out the company name, purpose, authorized share capital, and initial directors/officers; By-laws govern internal management and are adopted at or after incorporation. For LLCs: the constitutive filing is the Articles of Organization; an Operating Agreement (Title 13, Chapter 15) is not legally required but is standard practice. For partnerships: the Partnership Agreement governs internal arrangements. All articles are public records accessible via Catalyst.
* **Tax Registration:** The USVI operates a mirror tax system; businesses obtain a federal Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS (Form SS-4) and register that EIN with the Virgin Islands Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR). The IRS issues an EIN confirmation letter (CP 575 or 147C letter) as evidence of the EIN. The BIR does not issue a separate tax registration certificate in a standardized form; the EIN letter combined with the BIR gross receipts tax account number serves as the primary tax identification evidence. Gross receipts tax (5%) applies to all USVI businesses under Title 33 of the VI Code. EDC beneficiary companies receive a separate EDC Benefits Certificate confirming tax-incentive status.
* **Operating Permit:** The Department of Licensing and Consumer Affairs (DLCA), operating under Title 3, Chapter 16 of the Virgin Islands Code, requires every person, entity, or association wishing to engage in business within the territory to obtain a Business License before soliciting or engaging in any business, occupation, profession, or trade. This applies to all business entity types. Prerequisites for the DLCA Business License include: (1) a Certificate of Trade Name/Partnership and Corporation Registration from the Office of the Lieutenant Governor; (2) a Tax Clearance Letter from the BIR; (3) a police background check conducted electronically by DLCA on behalf of the applicant (Virgin Islands Police Department); (4) zoning approval from the Department of Planning and Natural Resources; and (5) fire inspection clearance. Processing typically takes 6–8 weeks. The Business License must be renewed annually.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The Division of Banking, Insurance, and Financial Regulation (DBIFR), under the Office of the Lieutenant Governor, regulates financial services under Titles 3, 9, 12A, 20, 22, and 28 of the Virgin Islands Code. Key licences: (1) Banking/financial institution licence under Title 9; (2) Money Transmitter Licence under Title 9, Chapter 22 (Uniform Money Services Act) — minimum net worth \$25,000; (3) Securities dealer/broker licence under Title 9; (4) Insurance company/producer licence under Title 22; (5) Captive insurance company licence; (6) International Financial Services Entity (IFSE) licence under Act 7968 — for entities conducting international financial operations; (7) Check casher/currency exchange licence; (8) Mortgage broker/lender licence under Act 8168. The Lieutenant Governor serves as Chairman of the Virgin Islands Banking Board and Commissioner of Insurance.
* **Ownership Records:** Under Title 13 of the Virgin Islands Code, every domestic corporation must maintain at its principal office a record of the current names and addresses of all shareholders and the number and class of shares held by each. These internal shareholder records are not filed publicly with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks; annual reports filed with the Division list directors and officers but do not disclose shareholders. The USVI Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) exemption (effective March 2025, per FinCEN interim final rule) means USVI-domestic entities are no longer required to file BOI reports with FinCEN. LLCs are similarly not required to publicly disclose members — annual reports list managers only. Exempt Companies may not have more than 10% US ownership.
* **Governance Records:** Every domestic corporation must maintain at its principal office a list of current names and addresses of all directors and officers. Annual reports filed with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks by June 30 of each year must include the names and addresses of all directors and officers, and the expiration of their terms of office; these annual reports are open to public inspection via Catalyst. LLC annual reports disclose managers but not members. Directors must be natural persons (not corporate entities).
* **Signing Authority:** No statutory prescribed form in the Virgin Islands Code. A board resolution on company letterhead — signed by a majority of directors and certified by the corporate secretary — is the standard instrument authorizing a named signatory to act on behalf of the company. For LLCs, the equivalent is a Manager's Resolution or Member's Consent. A notarized Power of Attorney is used for external delegation. No mandatory notarization of board resolutions, but notarization is recommended for international use.
* **Address:** No statutory form prescribed for KYB address verification. Standard practice follows US territory norms: lease agreement (no fixed time limit) OR utility bill OR bank statement dated within 90 days of submission. Common utility providers in the USVI include Virgin Islands Water and Power Authority (WAPA) and telecommunications providers. The document must show the company's registered or principal operating address in the USVI.
* **Good Standing:** Issued by the Division of Corporations and Trademarks, Office of the Lieutenant Governor, for corporations, LLCs, and partnerships in active/good standing. Confirms the entity is validly registered and that franchise taxes and annual report obligations are current. Fee: \$25 per certificate (Title 13, § 431). Requested via the Catalyst online system. Note: certificates issued by the Division are not conclusive proof of payment of franchise taxes — the Division distinguishes between confirmed good standing and conditional good standing (where compliance is assumed pending verification). Entities in arrears on annual reports or franchise tax filings will not receive a certificate until all outstanding obligations are cleared.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Director                                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer of a USVI corporation responsible for governance and management; must be a natural person (corporate directors not permitted); minimum three directors required under Title 13; names and addresses publicly disclosed in annual reports filed with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks. |
| Manager                                         | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Manages a manager-managed LLC under Title 13, Chapter 15 of the Virgin Islands Code; names publicly disclosed in LLC annual reports. For member-managed LLCs, the managing member(s) exercise control.                                                                                                             |
| Officer (President / Secretary / Treasurer)     | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Executive officers of a USVI corporation required by Title 13 (at minimum: president, secretary, and treasurer); publicly disclosed in annual reports; responsible for day-to-day operations and signing on behalf of the entity.                                                                                  |
| Authorized Signatory / Power of Attorney Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Individual authorized by board resolution or notarized power of attorney to act on behalf of the company; no separate statutory definition under the Virgin Islands Code — authority flows from corporate documents and any delegation instrument.                                                                 |

## Notes

* The U.S. Virgin Islands is an unincorporated territory of the United States. It operates under a 'mirror' tax system (26 U.S.C. § 932) in which the Internal Revenue Code applies with 'Virgin Islands' substituted for 'United States'; businesses use a federal EIN and file both federal-equivalent returns with the BIR and US federal returns in certain cases. There is no separate USVI-issued TIN.
* All corporate and business entity filings (except Exempt LLCs) are processed through the Catalyst online system at [www.corporationsandtrademarks.vi.gov](http://www.corporationsandtrademarks.vi.gov). Annual reports and franchise taxes are due by June 30 each year for all entity types (corporations, LLCs, partnerships). Failure to file results in loss of good standing and eventual administrative dissolution.
* The Exempt Company structure is unique to the USVI — the only US-flag jurisdiction offering a fully tax-free entity for non-US nationals. Conduit may encounter these in cross-border holding and captive insurance contexts; they are restricted from USVI or US domestic business activity and may not have more than 10% US ownership.
* The Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) domestic-entity exemption (FinCEN interim final rule effective March 26, 2025) removed BOI reporting requirements for entities formed in the US, including USVI entities. Only foreign entities registering to do business in a US state remain subject to CTA filings. Shareholder/member information is therefore not available from any public USVI registry.
* The DLCA Business License is a mandatory prerequisite for all businesses — it must be obtained before commencing operations. Prerequisites include a Tax Clearance Letter from BIR and a Certificate of Trade Name/Corporation Registration from the Division of Corporations and Trademarks. The DLCA Business License is separate from any professional or regulatory licence required by the DBIFR.
* The EDC tax incentive program offers substantial benefits (90% income tax reduction, 100% gross receipts tax exemption) to qualifying corporations that meet employment (at least 10 USVI residents) and investment (\$100,000 minimum) thresholds. Benefits are contractually guaranteed for initial terms of 10–15 years, extendable to 30 years. EDC beneficiaries are subject to annual compliance reporting to VIEDA.
* Money transmitter and financial services licensing is handled by the DBIFR (not DLCA). The USVI adopted the Uniform Money Services Act (Title 9, Chapter 22); money transmitters must apply directly to DBIFR (not through NMLS) and maintain a minimum net worth of \$25,000.
* Branch registrations of foreign corporations require a certified copy of the home-jurisdiction articles of incorporation plus a certificate of good standing from the home jurisdiction, a registered agent consent, and a statement of assets and liabilities. All supporting documents in a foreign language require certified English translations.
* The Virgin Islands Supreme Court separately issues Certificates of Good Standing for licensed attorneys admitted to its bar — these are not corporate good standing certificates and should not be confused with the Division of Corporations and Trademarks certificates.


# Uzbekistan
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/uzbekistan

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Uzbekistan (UZB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                           |
| ------------ | ------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia (West, South & Central)    |
| ISO 3166-1   | UZ / UZB                        |
| Registry     | Ministry of Justice / my.gov.uz |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                      |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Uzbekistan and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name | Issuer                                |
| ------------------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **INN**    | State Tax Committee (Soliq qo'mitasi) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **INN**    | State Tax Committee (Soliq qo'mitasi) |

*Tax ID:* Same 9-digit INN stamped on the State Registration Certificate; no separate registry serial number issued.

*Registration number:* Same 9-digit INN stamped on the State Registration Certificate; no separate registry serial number issued.

## Sector regulators

`CBU` · `NAPP`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                     | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Mas'uliyati Cheklangan Jamiyat (Limited Liability Company)     | MChJ         | Most common commercial form; 1–50 participants; authorized capital divided into quota shares; liability limited to contribution. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                   |
| Qo'shimcha Mas'uliyatli Jamiyat (Additional Liability Company) | QMJ          | Quota-based closely-held company governed by the same law as MChJ; participants bear joint and several subsidiary personal liability for company debts beyond its assets. Closest US equivalent: LLC with full personal guaranty.          |
| Xususiy Korxona (Private Enterprise)                           | XK           | Single-founder legal entity; no share capital; founder bears subsidiary personal liability for obligations exceeding company assets; simpler governance than MChJ. Closest US equivalent: single-member LLC.                               |
| Aksiyadorlik Jamiyati (Joint-Stock Company)                    | AJ           | Share-capital company; authorized capital divided into shares; mandatory three-tier governance (GMS, Supervisory Board, Executive Body); used for banks and large corporations. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                 |
| To'liq Shirkat (General Partnership)                           | —            | Two or more partners who carry on business under a common name and bear unlimited joint and several personal liability for partnership obligations. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                |
| Komandit Shirkat (Limited Partnership)                         | —            | Mixed partnership with one or more general partners (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at contribution); limited partners may not participate in management. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership. |
| Yakka tartibdagi tadbirkor (Individual Entrepreneur)           | YaT          | A natural person registered to conduct business without forming a legal entity; unlimited personal liability; no separate legal personality; limited to a maximum of four employees. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.               |
| Ishlab chiqarish kooperativi (Production Cooperative)          | —            | Voluntary membership association of citizens for joint production or economic activity; members contribute property shares and bear subsidiary personal liability; governed by the Civil Code. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.         |
| Foreign Branch (Filial)                                        | —            | Not a separate legal entity; acts under notarized power of attorney from the parent company; registered with the Ministry of Justice. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                            |
| Representative Office (Vakolatxona)                            | —            | Non-commercial presence only; cannot conclude commercial contracts on its own account; registered with the Ministry of Justice. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                               |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Davlat ro'yxatiga olish guvohnomasi                                                            |
| Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Nizom + Ta'sis shartnomasi                                                     |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* INN Certificate · STIR Certificate                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Participants Register MChJ · Share Register AJ                                   |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Charter + Director Appointment Order (MChJ) + Executive Body Appointment Order |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution (Qaror)                                                                       |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                 | Proves                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Davlat ro'yxatiga olish guvohnomasi (State Registration Certificate)** | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Nizom (Charter)**                                                      | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **Ta'sis shartnomasi (Founding Agreement, multi-founder MChJ only)**     | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **INN Certificate**                                                      | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **STIR Certificate (soliqservis.gov.uz)**                                | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **Participants Register (MChJ — Mas'uliyati Cheklangan Jamiyat, LLC)**   | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Share Register (AJ — Aksiyadorlik Jamiyati, JSC)**                     | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Charter**                                                              | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Director Appointment Order (MChJ)**                                    | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Executive Body Appointment Order (AJ)**                                | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **Board Resolution (Qaror)**                                             | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                          |
| **Договор аренды**                                                       | Address                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Квитанция за коммунальные услуги (≤90 дней)**                          | Address                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Выписка с банковского счета (≤90 дней)**                               | Address                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                              | CBU license (banking/payments), NAPP license (securities/insurance/crypto), NAPP — National Agency of Perspective Projects (capital markets, insurance, virtual assets; PP-291/2023-09-02) |

**Not applicable in Uzbekistan:** Operating Permit, Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued electronically via my.gov.uz; verify against MoJ Unified State Register. INN printed on face.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Single charter for sole-founder MChJ and all AJ. Founding agreement not required for single-founder.
* **Tax Registration:** 9-digit INN issued simultaneously with registration; no separate tax registration step.
* **Sector-Specific License:** CBU at cbu.uz; NAPP at napp.uz. Ministry of Finance for audit firm licenses.
* **Ownership Records:** Collect the Participants Register for MChJ (LLC) entities or the Share Register for AJ (JSC) entities. Both registers identify the current members and their ownership stakes.
* **Governance Records:** AJ mandatory three-tier structure: GMS → Supervisory Board (Kuzatuv kengashi) → Executive Body (Direktor/Management Board).
* **Signing Authority:** Branch head acts solely on notarized POA from parent. POA must be apostilled and translated into Uzbek if issued abroad.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                              | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                             |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Direktor / Sole Executive Director                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Sole executive body of MChJ or AJ; day-to-day authority; binds entity.                  |
| Boshqaruv raisi / Management Board Chair (AJ)           | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Head of collective executive body of AJ; operational authority.                         |
| Kuzatuv kengashi a'zosi / Supervisory Board Member (AJ) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive governance body of AJ; cannot simultaneously be executive body member.    |
| Filial rahbari / Branch Head                            | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Appointed by parent; acts solely under notarized POA; no independent legal personality. |
| Ishonch xati egasi / POA Holder                         | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized power of attorney authorizing specific acts.                        |

## Notes

* Single identifier: INN (also written STIR) serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value.
* INN = Registration Number: Uzbekistan issues a single 9-digit INN at registration that serves as both the tax ID and the primary entity identifier. Do not request a separate corporate registry serial number — the INN is the unique identifier on all official documents.
* No general operating license: Uzbekistan has no general municipal trade permit. The Operating Permit field is genuinely N/A for entities not in a regulated sector; document this explicitly rather than leaving it blank.
* NAPP became capital-market and insurance regulator effective October 2023 (Presidential Resolution No. PP-291, 2023-09-02), absorbing functions previously held by the Ministry of Finance. Pre-PP-291 licenses remain valid but renewals and new licenses are issued by NAPP (napp.uz). Confirm regulator for existing licensees.
* Apostille party with carve-outs: Uzbekistan acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention (entry into force 2012-04-15). As of 2026-05-06, apostilles are not in force between Uzbekistan and Austria, Germany, or Greece — full legalisation chain required for documents sent to those countries.


# Vanuatu
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/vanuatu

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Vanuatu (VUT) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                               |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | VU / VUT                                                            |
| Registry     | [Vanuatu Financial Services Commission (VFSC)](https://www.vfsc.vu) |
| Last updated | 2026-06-10                                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Vanuatu and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                                                    | Issuer                                          |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Tax Identification Number (TIN) / VAT Registration Number** | Department of Customs and Inland Revenue (DCIR) |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **VFSC Company Registration Number**                          | Vanuatu Financial Services Commission (VFSC)    |

*Tax ID:* TIN introduced 1 January 2020; replaces legacy CT numbers (all legacy CT numbers automatically converted to TINs at that date). Issued by DCIR on registration for any tax obligation (business licensing, VAT, rent tax) or on application for a motor vehicle driver's licence. Businesses with annual taxable turnover exceeding VT 4,000,000 must also register for VAT and receive a VAT registration number derived from the TIN. Vanuatu has no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or withholding tax — TIN is primarily relevant for VAT and business licence purposes. No fixed format publicly documented by DCIR; structure is system-generated by the Revenue Management System (RMS). TIN appears on Business Licence Certificates, VAT Certificates, Driver's Licences, and Tax Clearance Certificates.

*Registration number:* Assigned by VFSC at incorporation under the Companies Act No. 25 of 2012 (local companies) or International Companies Act \[CAP. 222] (international companies). Appears on the Certificate of Incorporation and is the company's unique identifier in the VFSC Electronic Registry (vfsc.vu/entity-search). No fixed public format documented; numeric sequences observed in registry searches.

## Sector regulators

`Vanuatu Financial Services Commission (VFSC)` · `Reserve Bank of Vanuatu (RBV)` · `Vanuatu Financial Intelligence Unit (VFIU)` · `Department of Customs and Inland Revenue (DCIR)`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                   | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| -------------------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Company Limited by Shares            | Ltd          | The standard domestic private company incorporated under the Companies Act No. 25 of 2012; shareholder liability limited to unpaid share capital; share transfers restricted; used for SMEs, retail, services, and domestic trade. Must have at least one director and one shareholder. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Public Company Limited by Shares             | PLC          | Domestic company whose shares may be offered to the public; incorporated under the Companies Act No. 25 of 2012; no restriction on transferability of shares; subject to stricter governance and disclosure obligations. Rare in practice given the small size of the Vanuatu securities market. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| International Company                        | IC           | The principal offshore vehicle for cross-border holding, trading, and financing; incorporated under the International Companies Act \[CAP. 222] (consolidated edition 2006, as amended); exempt from all local taxation for 20 years from date of incorporation; may not conduct business within Vanuatu; minimum one director and one shareholder (corporate directors and shareholders permitted); no residency requirements; registered agent in Vanuatu required; shareholder and director names not required to be on public file. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Exempted Company                             | —            | Legacy structure formerly incorporated under the Companies Act (CAP. 191); as of 2012 the remaining exempted companies were transitioned to the International Companies Act \[CAP. 222] via the International Companies (Amendment) Act No. 11 of 2011. No new exempted companies may be formed; existing entities hold a provisional certificate of continuation under the IC Act. Where encountered on KYB, treat as an International Company. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                        |
| General Partnership                          | —            | Two or more persons carrying on business together with unlimited joint and several liability; governed by the Partnership Act \[CAP. 92]; no separate legal entity; business name registration with VFSC required if trading under a name other than the partners' own names. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| Limited Partnership                          | LP           | Formed under the Partnership Act \[CAP. 92] with one or more general partners (unlimited liability) and one or more limited partners (liability capped at capital contribution); must be registered with the VFSC Registrar of Companies; maximum 20 partners total. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Offshore Limited Partnership                 | OLP          | International variant formed under the Offshore Limited Partnerships Act No. 39 of 2009; minimum 2 and maximum 20 partners (at least one general partner, at least one limited partner); may be formed as an offshore general partnership or offshore professional partnership (accounting, law, engineering, actuarial science); professional partnerships must hold professional indemnity insurance with a licensed insurer of at least USD 10,000,000. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP).                                                            |
| Sole Trader / Sole Proprietorship            | —            | Single natural person carrying on business with unlimited personal liability; no separate legal entity; must register a business name with VFSC under the Business Names Act \[CAP. 211] if trading under a name other than their own; subject to business licence and TIN requirements. Business name renewal is annual. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Foundation                                   | —            | A distinct legal entity established under the Foundation Act No. 38 of 2009; has no shareholders or members; used for private wealth management, asset protection, estate planning, and charitable purposes; registered with VFSC; managed by a council; founder retains rights as specified in the foundation charter. Closest US equivalent: Statutory trust or business trust.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| Protected Cell Company                       | PCC          | A single legal entity with segregated ring-fenced cells whose assets and liabilities are isolated from one another but each cell is not itself a separate legal entity; formed under the Protected Cell Companies Act No. 37 of 2005 (as amended); may only be constituted as a captive insurance company, mutual fund, or unit trust; registered with VFSC. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC.                                                                                                                                                                        |
| Incorporated Cell Company                    | ICC          | An entity under the Incorporated Cell Companies Act No. 25 of 2009 in which each cell is a separate and distinct corporate entity from the ICC itself; cells are individually incorporated; may only be used for captive insurance, mutual funds, or unit trusts; registered with VFSC. Closest US equivalent: Series LLC (with separately incorporated subsidiaries).                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| Branch of Foreign Company (Overseas Company) | —            | An overseas company registered to carry on business in Vanuatu under the Companies Act No. 25 of 2012; not a separate legal entity from the foreign parent; must appoint a locally resident agent and register with VFSC. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Representative Office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                            |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration)*      |
| Constitutive Documents | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Company Constitution |
| Tax Registration       | Business Licence *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)*                 |
| Operating Permit       | Business Licence                                                            |
| Ownership Records      | Register of Members                                                         |
| Governance Records     | Register of Directors *(optional: VFSC Company Extract)*                    |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                          |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement               |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                         | Proves                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation**                 | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Certificate of Registration (VFSC)**           | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Memorandum and Articles of Association**       | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Company Constitution (International Company)** | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                                                              |
| **Business Licence**                             | Tax Registration, Operating Permit                                                                                                                                                  |
| **VAT Registration Certificate**                 | Tax Registration                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **Register of Members**                          | Ownership Records                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Register of Directors**                        | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **VFSC Electronic Registry Extract**             | Governance Records                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **Board Resolution**                             | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Power of Attorney**                            | Signing Authority                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **Lease Agreement**                              | Address                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**                  | Address                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**                | Address                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **Certificate of Good Standing**                 | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                       |
| **Sector-Specific License**                      | VFSC Financial Dealers Licence, Reserve Bank of Vanuatu Banking Licence, VFSC International Banking Licence, VFSC VASP Licence (Virtual Asset Services Providers Act No. 3 of 2025) |

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by the VFSC Registrar of Companies upon incorporation under the Companies Act No. 25 of 2012 (local companies) or the International Companies Act \[CAP. 222] (international companies). For local companies post-transition to the new Companies Act, a Certificate of Registration may be issued instead of — or in addition to — a Certificate of Incorporation. Both certificates are freely downloadable from the VFSC Electronic Registry (vfsc.vu/entity-search). For overseas companies, a Certificate of Registration as an Overseas Company is issued. VFSC has confirmed that the Registrar of Companies will no longer issue Certificates of Good Standing for local companies — status ('Active' or 'Removed') is verified directly on the electronic registry.
* **Constitutive Documents:** For local companies under the Companies Act No. 25 of 2012, the constitutive document is the Memorandum and Articles of Association, which must specify the company name, registered office address, registered agent details, objects/purposes, and share structure. For International Companies under the IC Act \[CAP. 222], the North American nomenclature is used: 'Constitution' replaces 'Memorandum' and 'Regulations' replaces 'Articles'; collect whichever form corresponds to the company's governing act. Company constitution is a certified copy available from VFSC.
* **Tax Registration:** Vanuatu has no corporate income tax, capital gains tax, or personal income tax. The primary fiscal identifier is the TIN (introduced 1 January 2020 by DCIR). A Business Licence is required for all businesses operating in Vanuatu (including international companies conducting local activities) under the Business Licence Act \[CAP. 249]; issued annually by DCIR in Port Vila municipal area, or by provincial governments elsewhere. VAT registration applies to businesses with annual taxable turnover exceeding VT 4,000,000; a separate VAT Registration Certificate is issued. For purely offshore International Companies with no local activity, no business licence or VAT is required, but TIN may still be needed for banking purposes.
* **Operating Permit:** A Business Licence under the Business Licence Act \[CAP. 249] is required for any person or entity carrying on business within Vanuatu territory. Issued annually by DCIR for businesses in the Port Vila municipality; provincial governments issue licences outside Port Vila. Renewal deadline: 31 January each year (valid 1 January – 31 December). International Companies that conduct no activities within Vanuatu are exempt. The Business Licence also satisfies the tax\_certificate slot for entities that are not VAT-registered.
* **Sector-Specific License:** The VFSC issues Financial Dealers Licences (FDL) under the Financial Dealers Licensing Act \[CAP. 70] in four classes (as amended January 2019): Class A (forex and debt securities), Class B (derivatives / futures / options), Class C (equities / commodities / precious metals), and Class D (digital assets as financial instruments). The Virtual Asset Services Providers Act No. 3 of 2025 creates a separate VASP licence issued by VFSC on top of the FDL — VASP licences require the holder to already hold all four FDL classes (A, B, C, and D). Mutual funds regulated under the Mutual Funds Act No. 38 of 2005. Offshore banking and international banking licences issued under the International Banking Act No. 4 of 2002. The Reserve Bank of Vanuatu (RBV) issues licences for domestic banking and financial institutions under the Financial Institutions Act No. 2 of 1999. Vanuatu is a significant offshore financial centre — the FDL licence is commonly held by forex brokers and CFD platforms. Insurance regulated under relevant insurance legislation administered by VFSC.
* **Governance Records:** Local companies must maintain a Register of Directors and notify the VFSC of director appointments and changes; director information is publicly accessible via the VFSC Electronic Registry (vfsc.vu/entity-search). International Companies are not required to place director information on the public file under the IC Act; the registered agent holds an internal register of directors. For IC-type entities, collect the internal register from the registered agent or request an official VFSC company extract confirming directors.
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution passed by the board of directors authorising a specific signatory; no statutory prescribed form — company letterhead resolution is standard practice. Power of Attorney for external signatories should be executed as a deed and notarised. Vanuatu is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention; apostille is available via the VFSC for cross-border use.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank documents dated within 90 days. Main utility providers in Vanuatu include UNELCO/ENGIE (electricity in Port Vila), UNELCO-VANUATU (outer islands), and Vanuatu Water (water authority). Bank statements from VFSC-licensed banks (ANZ Vanuatu, Westpac Vanuatu, Bred Bank, National Bank of Vanuatu) are accepted.
* **Good Standing:** VFSC has confirmed that it will no longer issue Certificates of Good Standing for local companies registered under the Companies Act No. 25 of 2012. Local company status is verified by checking 'Active' or 'Removed' directly on the VFSC Electronic Registry (vfsc.vu/entity-search); a printout of the registry search result or a VFSC company extract may substitute. For International Companies under the IC Act \[CAP. 222], the VFSC continues to issue Certificates of Good Standing confirming annual fees are current and the entity is duly incorporated and in existence. Processing: 1–3 business days; fee approximately USD 75–150.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                      | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Director                        | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Appointed officer with management authority over the company; named in the Register of Directors. For local companies, director details are publicly accessible via the VFSC Electronic Registry. For International Companies, director information is held by the registered agent and is not required to be on public file. |
| Controller                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Person who exercises influence, authority, or power over decisions about the company's financial or operating policies, as defined in the Companies Act No. 25 of 2012, s.1; includes persons exercising control through contractual arrangements or other means even without shareholding.                                   |
| Authorised Signatory / Attorney | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Natural person authorised by board resolution or notarised power of attorney to act on behalf of the company for specific transactions or purposes.                                                                                                                                                                           |

## Notes

* Vanuatu remains on the EU list of high-risk third countries for AML/CFT purposes as of 29 January 2026 (EU Delegated Regulations (EU) 2026/46 and 2026/83, in force 29 January 2026). Apply enhanced customer due diligence for all Vanuatu-incorporated entities, including International Companies.
* International Companies (ICs) under the IC Act \[CAP. 222] are the most commonly encountered Vanuatu entity in offshore/cross-border contexts. ICs are tax-exempt for 20 years from incorporation, are not required to file annual returns with VFSC (unlike local companies), cannot conduct business within Vanuatu, and their shareholder/director registers are not public. Always verify IC status and agent details on the VFSC Electronic Registry.
* VFSC has confirmed it will no longer issue Certificates of Good Standing for local companies — use the VFSC Electronic Registry (vfsc.vu/entity-search) to verify 'Active' status directly. Certificates of Good Standing remain available for International Companies.
* The Company and Trust Services Providers Act No. 8 of 2010 (CTSP Act) requires all registered agents providing company formation and registered office services to be licensed by VFSC. Unlicensed agents is a red flag; verify agent licence status on VFSC's website.
* Vanuatu has no corporate income tax, personal income tax, capital gains tax, or inheritance tax. The TIN issued by DCIR is the primary tax identifier and is mainly relevant for VAT (threshold VT 4,000,000/year) and business licensing purposes. Do not expect a TIN certificate for purely offshore ICs with no local activity.
* Vanuatu is a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. Board resolutions and powers of attorney for cross-border use can be apostilled via the VFSC.
* The Virtual Asset Services Providers Act No. 3 of 2025 introduced a licensing regime for crypto and digital asset businesses; VFSC is the regulator. Vanuatu had previously been a popular jurisdiction for offshore crypto businesses due to low barriers; the 2025 Act formalises oversight under VFSC.


# Vietnam
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/vietnam

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Vietnam (VNM) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                               |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Asia-Pacific                                        |
| ISO 3166-1   | VN / VNM                                            |
| Registry     | MPI / DPI via National Business Registration Portal |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06                                          |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Vietnam and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name           | Issuer                                              |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **Mã số thuế (MST)** | MPI / DPI via National Business Registration Portal |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Mã số thuế (MST)** | MPI / DPI via National Business Registration Portal |

*Tax ID:* 10-digit number; since 2010 the Enterprise Code = Tax Code (unified). First 2 digits = issuing province code; next 7 sequential; last digit check. 13-digit variant for branches/dependent units. Displayed on ERC and tax registration certificate.

*Registration number:* 10-digit number; since 2010 the Enterprise Code = Tax Code (unified). First 2 digits = issuing province code; next 7 sequential; last digit check. 13-digit variant for branches/dependent units. Displayed on ERC and tax registration certificate.

## Sector regulators

`SBV` · `SSC` · `MoF` · `MPI`

## Legal structures

| Local name                                                 | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Công ty Trách nhiệm Hữu hạn Một thành viên                 | TNHH MTV     | Single-member LLC; 100% owned by one individual or organization; owner appoints Members' Council or company president to manage. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC).                                                                                                                      |
| Công ty Trách nhiệm Hữu hạn Hai thành viên trở lên         | TNHH         | Multi-member LLC with 2–50 members holding charter-capital quotas; governed by Members' Council; may not publicly issue shares. Equivalent to a US multi-member LLC.                                                                                                                                |
| Công ty Cổ phần                                            | CTCP         | Joint-Stock Company with ≥3 shareholders holding transferable shares; may list publicly on HoSE or HNX; governed by General Meeting of Shareholders and Board of Directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                          |
| Doanh nghiệp Tư nhân                                       | DNTN         | Private Enterprise (sole proprietorship) owned by a single individual with unlimited personal liability; cannot issue securities or have more than one owner. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship.                                                                                               |
| Công ty Hợp danh                                           | —            | Partnership with ≥2 general partners bearing unlimited joint liability; limited partners permitted but uncommon; has separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: limited partnership (LP).                                                                                                   |
| Hợp tác xã                                                 | HTX          | Cooperative registered under the Law on Cooperatives 2023 (effective July 2024); member-owned collective economic organization serving its members; governed by a separate legal regime. Closest US equivalent: cooperative.                                                                        |
| Chi nhánh / Văn phòng đại diện của doanh nghiệp nước ngoài | —            | Branch or representative office of a foreign enterprise registered in Vietnam; a dependent unit with separate registration, not a separate legal entity. Branches may conduct commercial activity; representative offices are liaison-only. Closest US equivalent: branch or representative office. |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                                                |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký doanh nghiệp                                            |
| Constitutive Documents | Điều lệ công ty                                                                 |
| Tax Registration       | *Any one of:* Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký thuế · MST confirmation                   |
| Operating Permit       | Giấy phép kinh doanh                                                            |
| Ownership Records      | *Any one of:* Danh sách Thành Viên · Danh sách Cổ đông Sáng lập                 |
| Governance Records     | *Any one of:* Danh sách thành viên HĐQT · HĐTV và người đại diện theo pháp luật |
| Signing Authority      | *Any one of:* Nghị quyết · Quyết định Ủy quyền                                  |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Hợp đồng thuê · Hóa đơn dịch vụ · Sao kê ngân hàng                |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                                                           | Proves                                                                                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký doanh nghiệp (ERC)**                                     | Legal Registration                                                                                                             |
| **Điều lệ công ty (Company Charter)**                                              | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                         |
| **Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký thuế**                                                   | Tax Registration                                                                                                               |
| **MST confirmation**                                                               | Tax Registration                                                                                                               |
| **Giấy phép kinh doanh (Business License)**                                        | Operating Permit                                                                                                               |
| **Danh sách Thành Viên**                                                           | Ownership Records                                                                                                              |
| **Danh sách Cổ đông Sáng lập**                                                     | Ownership Records                                                                                                              |
| **Danh sách thành viên HĐQT**                                                      | Governance Records                                                                                                             |
| **HĐTV và người đại diện theo pháp luật (Director/Council list on ERC + Charter)** | Governance Records                                                                                                             |
| **Nghị quyết**                                                                     | Signing Authority                                                                                                              |
| **Quyết định Ủy quyền**                                                            | Signing Authority                                                                                                              |
| **Hợp đồng thuê**                                                                  | Address                                                                                                                        |
| **Hóa đơn dịch vụ (trong vòng 90 ngày)**                                           | Address                                                                                                                        |
| **Sao kê ngân hàng (trong vòng 90 ngày)**                                          | Address                                                                                                                        |
| **Sector-Specific License**                                                        | SBV — State Bank of Vietnam (banking/payments), SSC — State Securities Commission, MoF / ISA — Insurance Supervisory Authority |

**Not applicable in Vietnam:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

### Collection notes

* **Legal Registration:** Issued by DPI; carries enterprise code = tax code. For FIEs, also collect IRC. Verify current status at dangkykinhdoanh.gov.vn.
* **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with DPI at incorporation; amendments must be re-filed. Single constitutive document covering capital, governance, and representative authority.
* **Tax Registration:** GDT issues; since 2010 unification, ERC itself displays the enterprise code = tax code. Standalone tax certificate or GDT portal printout accepted.
* **Operating Permit:** Issued by provincial or district People's Committee. Annual business license fee abolished from January 2026; the license document itself remains required where applicable.
* **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated-sector entities.
* **Ownership Records:** For LLC entities collect the members list (Danh sách thành viên); for JSC entities collect the founding shareholders list (Danh sách cổ đông sáng lập). Current shareholder registers are company-maintained documents.
* **Governance Records:** ERC names legal representative(s); charter or filed resolution lists Members' Council (LLC) or Board of Directors (JSC).
* **Signing Authority:** Board resolution authorizing signatory, or notarized power of attorney (Giấy ủy quyền công chứng). Legal representative named on ERC has inherent authority; additional signatories need explicit authorization.
* **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role                                                                  | Canonical API role     | Description                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Chủ tịch Hội đồng quản trị (Board of Directors Chairman — JSC)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of JSC Board of Directors; governance role.                                                       |
| Thành viên Hội đồng quản trị (Board of Directors Member — JSC)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Non-executive member of JSC Board; governance oversight.                                                |
| Chủ tịch Hội đồng thành viên (Members' Council Chairman — multi-member LLC) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Chair of Members' Council; governance role in LLC.                                                      |
| Thành viên Hội đồng thành viên (Members' Council Member — LLC)              | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Member of LLC governing council; governance role.                                                       |
| Tổng Giám đốc / Giám đốc (General Director / Director)                      | `CONTROLLING_PERSON`   | Day-to-day operational executive; appointed by Board or Members' Council.                               |
| Người đại diện theo pháp luật (Legal Representative)                        | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Person(s) named on ERC authorized to legally bind the company; must be Vietnam-resident (at least one). |

## Additional fields

Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.

| Field                                    | Applies to  | Reason                                                                                                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `Nationality + Vietnam residency status` | shareholder | Enterprise Law 2020 and Investment Law 2020 impose foreign ownership caps in certain sectors; DPI tracks nationality to enforce FIE rules. |

## Notes

* Enterprise Code = Tax Code since 2010: The 10-digit MST on the ERC is the same identifier used by GDT; do not request a separate tax registration certificate — the ERC itself suffices as dual proof unless a standalone GDT certificate is needed for banking purposes.
* FIE dual-document requirement: Foreign-invested enterprises must produce both the IRC (issued under Investment Law 2020, Law No. 61/2020/QH14) and the ERC; neither alone establishes full legal status. As of 2026, ERC-first sequencing is permitted before IRC, but both must eventually be obtained.
* Apostille Convention transition: Vietnam acceded to the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention on 31 December 2025; convention enters into force for Vietnam on 11 September 2026. Until that date, consular legalisation (notarisation + Vietnamese embassy/consulate stamp) remains required for foreign documents. From 11-IX-2026, apostille replaces the consular legalisation chain.


# Zambia
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/zambia

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Zambia (ZMB) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                             |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Region       | Africa                                            |
| ISO 3166-1   | ZM / ZMB                                          |
| Registry     | Patents and Companies Registration Agency (PACRA) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                        |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Zambia and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name                    | Issuer                                            |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **TPIN**                      | ZRA (Zambia Revenue Authority)                    |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **PACRA registration number** | PACRA (Patents and Companies Registration Agency) |

*Tax ID:* Taxpayer Identification Number issued by ZRA.

*Registration number:* Company registration number issued by PACRA.

## Sector regulators

`BoZ` · `SEC ZM` · `PIA`

## Legal structures

| Local name                          | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ----------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Limited Company             | Ltd          | Closely-held company limited by shares; separate legal personality with liability capped at share value. The default SME incorporation vehicle in Zambia. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                                                      |
| Public Limited Company              | PLC          | Share-capital company authorised to offer shares to the public; listed or listable on a stock exchange. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp.                                                                                                                                 |
| Company Limited by Guarantee        | —            | Company with no share capital whose members' liability is limited to a fixed guarantee amount; used primarily by nonprofits, associations, and professional bodies. Closest US equivalent: Nonprofit Corporation.                                                      |
| Private Unlimited Company           | —            | Incorporated company with no cap on shareholder liability; rare form used where unlimited liability is acceptable in exchange for reduced disclosure obligations. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (incorporated variant).                                   |
| General Partnership                 | GP           | Unincorporated association of two or more persons carrying on business together; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability. Registered with PACRA under the Business Names and Partnerships registration regime. Equivalent to a US General Partnership. |
| Limited Partnership                 | LP           | Partnership with at least one general partner bearing unlimited liability and one or more limited partners whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Registered with PACRA. Equivalent to a US Limited Partnership.                                     |
| Business Name (Sole Proprietorship) | —            | A single natural person trading under a registered business name; no separate legal entity and the owner bears unlimited personal liability. Registered with PACRA via BN Form. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                |
| External Company (Branch)           | —            | A foreign company registered with PACRA to conduct business in Zambia; not a separate legal entity—the parent foreign company remains liable. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office.                                                                                |
| Cooperative Society                 | —            | Member-owned organisation registered under the Cooperative Societies Act; governed on one-member-one-vote principles for mutual benefit. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative.                                                                                           |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Articles of Incorporation                                     |
| Tax Registration       | TPIN Certificate                                              |
| Operating Permit       | Trading License                                               |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + Annual Return     |
| Governance Records     | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + Annual Return     |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                 | Proves                                |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (PACRA)** | Legal Registration                    |
| **Articles of Incorporation**            | Constitutive Documents                |
| **TPIN Certificate (ZRA)**               | Tax Registration                      |
| **Trading License**                      | Operating Permit                      |
| **AoI**                                  | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Annual Return (Allotment)**            | Ownership Records, Governance Records |
| **Board Resolution**                     | Signing Authority                     |
| **Lease Agreement**                      | Address                               |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**          | Address                               |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**        | Address                               |
| **Sector-Specific License**              | BoZ, SEC ZM, PIA                      |

**Not applicable in Zambia:** Good Standing. Skip these areas — no local artifact exists.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description   |
| ---------- | -------------------- | ------------- |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. |


# Zimbabwe
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/countries/zimbabwe

How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Zimbabwe (ZWE) when onboarding through the Conduit API.

## Overview

| Field        | Value                                                                                |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Region       | Africa                                                                               |
| ISO 3166-1   | ZW / ZWE                                                                             |
| Registry     | [CIPZ (Companies and Intellectual Property Office of Zimbabwe)](https://cipz.gov.zw) |
| Last updated | 2026-05-04                                                                           |

## Identifiers

Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Zimbabwe and submit them as strings on the application body.

| API field                       | Local name              | Issuer                                                        |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `businessInfo.taxId`            | **ZIMRA Tax Number**    | ZIMRA (Zimbabwe Revenue Authority)                            |
| `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **CIPZ Company Number** | CIPZ (Companies and Intellectual Property Office of Zimbabwe) |

*Tax ID:* ZIMRA-issued tax number including the BP (Business Partner) number.

*Registration number:* Company registration number issued by DCIP.

## Sector regulators

`RBZ` · `SECZ` · `IPEC`

## Legal structures

| Local name                        | Abbreviation | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| --------------------------------- | ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Private Limited Company           | (Pvt) Ltd    | Closely-held company limited by shares; maximum 50 shareholders; shares not freely transferable to the public. The dominant SME vehicle in Zimbabwe. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                                       |
| Private Business Corporation      | PBC          | Simplified member-based entity for small businesses, sole traders, and professionals; 1–20 members; provides limited liability without full company formality. Equivalent to a US LLC.                                             |
| Public Limited Company            | PLC          | Share-capital company that may offer shares to the public and list on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange; requires a qualified company secretary under the COBE Act. Equivalent to a US C-Corp.                                           |
| Company Limited by Guarantee      | —            | Members commit to covering company debts up to a guaranteed amount rather than contributing share capital; used primarily by nonprofits, charities, and associations under the COBE Act. Equivalent to a US Nonprofit Corporation. |
| Partnership                       | —            | Association of two or more persons carrying on business together with joint and several liability; registrable under the COBE Act. Equivalent to a US General Partnership.                                                         |
| Sole Trader                       | —            | Individual trading under their own name or registered business name; no separate legal personality and no limited liability. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship.                                                               |
| Cooperative Society               | —            | Member-owned democratic entity registered under the Co-operative Societies Act (Chapter 24:05); profits distributed as patronage dividends rather than equity returns. Equivalent to a US Cooperative.                             |
| External Company (Foreign Branch) | —            | Company incorporated outside Zimbabwe that registers a local branch with CIPZ; must appoint a local representative and file annual returns. Equivalent to a US Branch/Rep Office.                                                  |

## How documents combine

For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.

| Evidence area          | Documents needed                                              |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Legal Registration     | Certificate of Incorporation                                  |
| Constitutive Documents | Memorandum & Articles of Association                          |
| Tax Registration       | ZIMRA Tax Clearance                                           |
| Operating Permit       | Shop License                                                  |
| Ownership Records      | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + CR11   |
| Governance Records     | CR6                                                           |
| Signing Authority      | Board Resolution                                              |
| Address                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement |
| Good Standing          | Certificate of Good Standing                                  |

## Documents to collect

The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.

| Document                                    | Proves                 |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| **Certificate of Incorporation (CIPZ)**     | Legal Registration     |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**    | Constitutive Documents |
| **ZIMRA Tax Clearance (ITF263)**            | Tax Registration       |
| **Shop License**                            | Operating Permit       |
| **Memorandum & Articles of Association**    | Ownership Records      |
| **CR11 (Return of Allotments)**             | Ownership Records      |
| **CR6 (Notice of Directors & Secretaries)** | Governance Records     |
| **Board Resolution**                        | Signing Authority      |
| **Lease Agreement**                         | Address                |
| **Utility Bill (≤90 days old)**             | Address                |
| **Bank Statement (≤90 days old)**           | Address                |
| **Certificate of Good Standing (CIPZ)**     | Good Standing          |
| **Sector-Specific License**                 | RBZ, SECZ, IPEC        |

### Collection notes

* **Good Standing:** Issued by CIPZ on request; date-stamped; distinct from the Certificate of Incorporation. Confirms the company is currently registered and in good standing.

## Person roles

When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.

| Local role | Canonical API role   | Description   |
| ---------- | -------------------- | ------------- |
| Director   | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Board member. |


# What You're Verifying
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/document-types

The evidence areas Conduit's KYB Reference is organized around, in compliance terms — not API vocabulary.

When you onboard a business customer, you're collecting evidence in a handful of standard areas — legal registration, tax registration, who owns and runs the company, where it operates, and so on. The local artifacts that satisfy each area vary widely by country, but the *evidence areas* themselves are universal. The country pages in this section are organized around the same areas so you can compare what you'll collect across jurisdictions.

You don't need to learn any of these labels to integrate. Conduit's discovery endpoint returns local artifact names directly ("Cartão CNPJ" in Brazil, "Handelsregisterauszug" in Germany), and submission takes a flat list of document IDs. The areas below are background — useful for compliance mapping and for understanding how Conduit groups the per-country guidance.

## The evidence areas

### Legal Registration

The business is legally registered with the relevant national or sub-national registry. Establishes legal existence, registration number, and date of incorporation.

### Constitutive Documents

The instrument that brings the business into existence and governs how it operates: name, registered address, share capital, governance rules. Sometimes a single document (South African MOI, Ghanaian Constitution); sometimes a paired set (Memorandum + Articles in common-law jurisdictions; Escritura + Estatutos in Hispanophone Latin America).

### Tax Registration

The business is registered with the national tax authority. The local artifact is typically a tax-ID certificate (CNPJ in Brazil, RFC in Mexico, EIN letter in the US, UTR notice in the UK, etc.).

### Operating Permit

The business has the general municipal or national permit to do business at its registered location. This is the local-government permit (Alvará, Patente, Licencia de Funcionamiento, Trade License, Patente Municipal) — **not** a sector-specific regulatory license. Some jurisdictions (UK, Singapore) issue no general operating permit; only sector-specific licensing applies.

### Sector-Specific License

The business is authorized to operate in a regulated sector — financial services, insurance, healthcare, telecom, etc. Only collected when your customer operates in a regulated sector (banks, broker-dealers, insurers, healthcare providers, MSBs, payment institutions). The issuing authority varies by sector and country (BCB / CVM / SUSEP in Brazil; FCA / PRA in the UK; SEC / FinCEN / OCC / state regulators in the US; BaFin in Germany).

### Ownership Records

The current equity owners (shareholders, members, partners) and any beneficial owners above the local disclosure threshold. The local artifact varies widely: corporate share registers (Stock Ledger, Libro de Acciones), members' lists (Quadro Societário, Companies House PSC Register), beneficial-owner declarations (post-AMLD5 / FinCEN BOI / RBE / Transparenzregister). The per-country page tells you what to collect.

### Governance Records

The current board of directors and equivalent governance figures (managers, officers). Sometimes embedded in commercial-registry extracts (CR 12 in Kenya, CoR 39 in South Africa, Extrait RCCM across OHADA states); sometimes filed separately (Annual Report, Statement of Information, Acta de Designación).

### Signing Authority

An instrument evidencing that the person executing your agreement is authorized to bind the company. Conduit accepts a board resolution, notarized power of attorney, personería certificate, or other equivalent (acta de directorio, PV de Conseil, Vigencia de Poder, Imza Sirküleri, written resolution under CA 2006 s.288).

### Operating Address

Evidence of the business's operating address — a lease agreement (no date bound), or a utility bill or bank statement dated within the last 90 days.

## Person-level evidence

The nine areas above cover the **business entity**. In most onboardings, identity verification for the business's control persons is handled separately — either through a Conduit-hosted identity flow or, for organizations enrolled in KYC reliance, via an uploaded provider report.

### Identity verification (`identity_verification`)

A government-issued identity document — passport, national ID card, driver's license. Collected as part of each control person's identity verification flow. Required when Conduit runs per-person identity verification on your behalf.

### Identity verification attestation (`identity_verification_attestation`)

A structured report exported from your own KYC/IDV provider confirming that a named individual has been verified. Required for **all control persons** when your organization is enrolled in KYC reliance.

This document type is distinct from a raw government ID (`identity_verification`). An attestation is a provider-issued verification report, not the identity document itself. The report must contain: the provider's name, the person's full legal name, a verification result (verified / approved / clear / pass or equivalent), a verification reference or case ID, and a completion date. One file per person; the name and date of birth in the report must match what was submitted in the onboarding request.

Attestations are attached at `ownership.persons[i].documentIds[]`, not in the top-level `documentIds[]` array. See the [KYC reliance integration guide](/guides/onboard-with-kyc-reliance) for the full submission flow.


# Coverage Map
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/map

Country-by-country KYB coverage across Latin America, Africa, Europe, North America, Asia, and the Pacific.

Visual index of the jurisdictions Conduit supports for business onboarding. Click any colored country for the deep-dive page.

<div>
  <span><span />In this guide</span>
  <span><span />Guide coming soon</span>
  <span><span />Not supported</span>
</div>

## Latin America

<div />

## Africa

<div />

## Europe

<div />

## United States & Canada

<div />

## Asia (West, South & Central)

<div />

## Asia-Pacific

<div />


# Document Matrix
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/matrix

At-a-glance grid of the local artifacts you'll collect for each KYB evidence area, per country.

A quick-reference grid of the local artifacts you'll collect across all supported countries. Each column is a universal KYB evidence area (legal registration, tax registration, ownership records, etc.); each row is one country. Click any country to jump to its deep-dive page.

### Latin America

| Country                                                                                 | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                                  | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                                      | Tax Registration                                                                                                | Operating Permit                                                                        | Sector-Specific License                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | Ownership Records                                                                                                                          | Governance Records                                                                                 | Signing Authority                                                                | Address                                                                                              | Good Standing                                                                                                |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [**Anguilla**](/kyb/countries/anguilla)                                                 | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Foundation Certificate of Registration)*                                                                                   | Articles of Incorporation *(optional: Memorandum & Articles of Association · Articles of Formation)*                                        | Business Licence                                                                                                | Business Licence                                                                        | *Any one of:* AFSC Banking and Trust Licence · AFSC Insurance Licence · AFSC Money Services Business Licence · AFSC Company Management Licence · AFSC Mutual Funds Licence                                                                                   | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Antigua and Barbuda**](/kyb/countries/antigua-and-barbuda)                           | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Organization · Certificate of Registration                               | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Memorandum and Articles of Association · Operating Agreement                                      | TIN Registration Certificate *(optional: ABST Registration Certificate)*                                        | Trade Licence                                                                           | *Any one of:* FSRC Regulatory Licence · ECCB Banking Licence                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Certificate of Good Standing                                    |
| [**Argentina**](/kyb/countries/argentina)                                               | *Any one of:* Constancia de Inscripción IGJ · Constancia de Inscripción DPPJ                                                                                        | *Any one of:* Estatuto · Contrato Social                                                                                                    | *All required:* Constancia de CUIT + Inscripción Ingresos Brutos                                                | Habilitación Municipal                                                                  | *Any one of:* BCRA · CNV · SSN · ENACOM · UIF                                                                                                                                                                                                                | *All required:* Estatuto + Libro de Registro de Acciones                                                                                   | *All required:* Estatuto + Acta de Designación de Autoridades                                      | *All required:* Acta de Directorio + Poder Notarial                              | *Any one of:* Contrato de Locación · Constancia de Domicilio · Estado de Cuenta Bancario             | Certificado de Vigencia y Pleno Cumplimiento                                                                 |
| [**Aruba**](/kyb/countries/aruba)                                                       | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                                                                                                                          | Oprichtingsakte en Statuten *(optional: Statutenwijziging)*                                                                                 | Persoonsnummer Registratie                                                                                      | Vestigingsvergunning                                                                    | *Any one of:* CBA Credit Institution Licence · CBA Insurance Licence · CBA Trust Service Provider Licence · CBA Money Transfer Company Licence                                                                                                               | Aandeelhoudersregister                                                                                                                     | Uittreksel Handelsregister (Bestuurders) *(optional: Historisch Uittreksel)*                       | *Any one of:* Bestuursresolutie · Volmacht                                       | *Any one of:* Huurovereenkomst · Nutsbedrijf Rekening · Bankafschrift                                | Declaration of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Bahamas**](/kyb/countries/bahamas)                                                   | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                        | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                                                                                        | *All required:* Business Licence + VAT Certificate                                                              | Business Licence                                                                        | None — sector-specific licences apply only to regulated entities                                                                                                                                                                                             | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Barbados**](/kyb/countries/barbados)                                                 | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Registrar's Certificate                                                                                              | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + By-laws                                                                                         | TIN Registration Certificate *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)*                                         | None — profession, Trade and Business Registration licence                              | *Any one of:* Central Bank Licence · Financial Services Commission Licence                                                                                                                                                                                   | *All required:* Register of Members + Register of Quota Holders                                                                            | *All required:* Register of Directors + Register of Managers                                       | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Belize**](/kyb/countries/belize)                                                     | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Registration                                                                                            | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + By-laws                                                                                         | *Any one of:* Business Tax Certificate · GST Certificate                                                        | Trade License                                                                           | *All required:* FSC License + Central Bank Authorization                                                                                                                                                                                                     | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback)                                      | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Bermuda**](/kyb/countries/bermuda)                                                   | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Registration                                                                                          | Memorandum of Association *(optional: Bye-Laws)*                                                                                            | *Any one of:* Payroll Tax Employer Registration Confirmation · CITA Taxpayer Identification Number Registration | None — no general municipal operating licence required                                  | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · Insurance Licence · Digital Asset Business Licence · Money Services Business Licence · Investment Business Licence                                                                                                           | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors and Officers                                                                 | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | Certificate of Compliance                                                                                    |
| [**Bolivia**](/kyb/countries/bolivia)                                                   | Matrícula de Comercio                                                                                                                                               | *All required:* Escritura de Constitución + Estatutos                                                                                       | Certificado NIT                                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Padrón Municipal · Licencia de Funcionamiento                             | *Any one of:* ASFI · APS · ATT                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Acciones                                                                                      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Nómina de Directorio                                           | Testimonio de Poder                                                              | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Factura de Servicio Público · Estado de Cuenta Bancario    | None — good standing is tracked via annual Matrícula de Comercio renewal rather than a separate certificate. |
| [**Brazil**](/kyb/countries/brazil)                                                     | *All required:* Cartão CNPJ + Junta Comercial Reg.                                                                                                                  | *Any one of:* Contrato Social · Estatuto Social                                                                                             | Cartão CNPJ                                                                                                     | Alvará de Funcionamento                                                                 | *Any one of:* BCB · CVM · SUSEP · ANS · ANVISA                                                                                                                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Quadro Societário · Contrato Social · Livro de Ações                                                                         | *Any one of:* Contrato Social · Ata de Eleição                                                     | *Any one of:* Ata de Assembleia · Procuração                                     | *Any one of:* Contrato de Locação · Comprovante de Endereço · Extrato Bancário                       | Certidão Simplificada                                                                                        |
| [**British Virgin Islands**](/kyb/countries/british-virgin-islands)                     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                        | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Limited Partnership Agreement                                                        | *Any one of:* Certificate of Tax Exemption · Certificate of Incorporation                                       | None — not applicable — BVI Business Companies are incorporated for offshore activities | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · Investment Business Licence · Mutual Fund Licence · Insurance Licence · Virtual Asset Service Provider Registration                                                                                                          | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors *(optional: ROCA Registry Extract)*                                          | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Registered Agent Confirmation Letter · Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Cayman Islands**](/kyb/countries/cayman-islands)                                     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Company Search Report)*                                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · LLC Agreement · Limited Partnership Agreement                                        | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Economic Substance Notification)*                                      | Trade and Business Licence *(optional: Local Companies Control Law Licence)*            | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · Mutual Fund Registration Certificate · Private Fund Registration Certificate · Securities Investment Business Licence · Virtual Asset Service Provider Licence                                                               | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors and Officers                                                                 | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Registered Agent Confirmation Letter · Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Chile**](/kyb/countries/chile)                                                       | *Required:* (Any one of: Inscripción Reg. de Comercio · Diario Oficial) + Certificado RES                                                                           | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                                                               | Cédula RUT                                                                                                      | *All required:* Patente Municipal + Inicio de Actividades SII                           | *Any one of:* CMF · UAF · Sec. Salud                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Registro de Accionistas                                                                                                                    | Acta de Sesión de Directorio                                                                       | *Any one of:* Inscripción de Poderes · Escritura de Poder                        | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Cuenta de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | *Any one of:* Certificado de Vigencia · Certificado de Vigencia                                              |
| [**Colombia**](/kyb/countries/colombia)                                                 | Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal                                                                                                                                    | Estatutos Sociales                                                                                                                          | RUT                                                                                                             | Renovación Cámara de Comercio                                                           | *Any one of:* SFC · Supersalud · Supersociedades                                                                                                                                                                                                             | *Any one of:* Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal · Libro de Accionistas                                                                      | Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal                                                                   | *All required:* Cert. de Existencia y Rep. Legal + Acta de Junta Directiva       | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios Públicos · Estado de Cuenta Bancario   | None — Certificado de Existencia y Representación Legal (Cámara de Comercio) subsumes good-standing evidence |
| [**Costa Rica**](/kyb/countries/costa-rica)                                             | Personería Jurídica                                                                                                                                                 | *All required:* Escritura Constitutiva + Estatutos                                                                                          | Cédula Jurídica                                                                                                 | Patente Municipal                                                                       | *Any one of:* SUGEF · SUGEVAL · SUGESE · SUPEN                                                                                                                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Escritura Constitutiva · Libro de Accionistas                                                                                | Personería Jurídica                                                                                | *All required:* Personería Jurídica + Acta de Junta Directiva                    | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | None — Certificación de Personería Jurídica (Registro Nacional) subsumes good-standing evidence              |
| [**Curaçao**](/kyb/countries/curacao)                                                   | *All required:* Uittreksel Handelsregister + Akte van Oprichting                                                                                                    | Statuten                                                                                                                                    | CRIB Registratie Bevestiging                                                                                    | Vestigingsvergunning                                                                    | *Any one of:* CBCS Banking Licence · CBCS Trust Service Provider Licence · CBCS Insurance Licence · Curaçao Gaming Authority Licence                                                                                                                         | Aandeelhoudersregister                                                                                                                     | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                                                         | *Any one of:* Bestuursresolutie · Volmacht                                       | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | Gecertificeerde Verklaring                                                                                   |
| [**Dominica**](/kyb/countries/dominica)                                                 | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Registration of Business Name · Certificate of Registration of External Company · CIPO Registry Extract | Articles of Incorporation *(optional: By-Laws)*                                                                                             | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · IRD Registration Letter · IRD Tax Document                                      | Business Licence                                                                        | *Any one of:* FSU Licence · ECCB Licence · ECSRC Licence                                                                                                                                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Register of Members · Register of Substantial Shareholders · Annual Return *(optional: Share Allotment or Transfer Records)* | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · CIPO Director Filing                                         | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney · Account Mandate             | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · CIPO Registry Extract                                           |
| [**Dominican Republic**](/kyb/countries/dominican-republic)                             | Registro Mercantil                                                                                                                                                  | *All required:* Acta de Incorporación + Estatutos                                                                                           | Certificación RNC                                                                                               | Registro Mercantil                                                                      | *Any one of:* SB · SIMV · Sup. de Pensiones                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | *All required:* Acta de Incorporación + Nómina de Accionistas                                                                              | *Required:* (Any one of: Acta de Asamblea · Acta Notarial de Nombramiento) + Acta de Incorporación | Acta de Asamblea                                                                 | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Factura de Servicio · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | Certificación de Vigencia del Registro Mercantil                                                             |
| [**Ecuador**](/kyb/countries/ecuador)                                                   | *All required:* Resolución Aprobatoria + Inscripción RM + Publicación en Prensa                                                                                     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                                                               | RUC                                                                                                             | Permiso Municipal de Funcionamiento                                                     | *Any one of:* SCVS · SB                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Libro de Acciones                                                                                        | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Nombramiento del Rep. Legal                                    | *All required:* Nombramiento del Rep. Legal + Acta de Junta General              | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Planilla de Servicios Básicos · Estado de Cuenta Bancario  | Certificado de Cumplimiento de Obligaciones                                                                  |
| [**El Salvador**](/kyb/countries/el-salvador)                                           | Inscripción CNR                                                                                                                                                     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                                                               | Tarjeta NIT                                                                                                     | Licencia de Funcionamiento                                                              | *Any one of:* SSF · SIGET                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Accionistas                                                                                   | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Credencial de Junta Directiva                                  | *All required:* Credencial Rep. Legal + Punto de Acta                            | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | None — Matrícula de Empresa (CNR) annual renewal + Certificación Extractada subsume good-standing evidence   |
| [**Falkland Islands**](/kyb/countries/falkland-islands)                                 | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration)*                                                                                              | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                                                                                        | Corporation Tax Return                                                                                          | None — no universal general trading licence                                             | *Any one of:* Fishing Licence · Communications Licence                                                                                                                                                                                                       | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Grenada**](/kyb/countries/grenada)                                                   | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: IBC Certificate of Incorporation)*                                                                                         | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                                                                                      | *Any one of:* TIN Registration Certificate · VAT Registration Certificate                                       | None — not applicable — no general operating licence requirement                        | *Any one of:* ECCB Banking Licence · GARFIN Licence · GFRC Licence *(optional: ECSRC Broker-Dealer Licence)*                                                                                                                                                 | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Guatemala**](/kyb/countries/guatemala)                                               | *All required:* Patente de Comercio + Inscripción RM                                                                                                                | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                                                               | Constancia NIT                                                                                                  | Licencia Municipal de Funcionamiento                                                    | *Any one of:* SIB · MSPAS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Accionistas                                                                                   | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Acta Notarial · Certificación de Nombramiento                    | *All required:* Acta Notarial + Certificación de Nombramiento                    | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | Certificación del Registro Mercantil                                                                         |
| [**Guyana**](/kyb/countries/guyana)                                                     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                        | Articles of Incorporation                                                                                                                   | TIN Certificate                                                                                                 | Trade Licence                                                                           | *Any one of:* Bank of Guyana Licence · GSC Registration · NPS Oversight Certificate                                                                                                                                                                          | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarized Power of Attorney                     | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | None — DCRA does not issue a distinct certificate of good standing                                           |
| [**Honduras**](/kyb/countries/honduras)                                                 | Inscripción Registro Mercantil                                                                                                                                      | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                                                               | Constancia RTN                                                                                                  | Permiso de Operación Municipal                                                          | *All required:* CNBS + CONATEL                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Accionistas                                                                                   | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Nombramiento de Junta Directiva                                | *All required:* Certificación de Nombramiento + Acta de Junta Directiva          | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | None — Certificación Integral del Registro Mercantil subsumes good-standing evidence                         |
| [**Jamaica**](/kyb/countries/jamaica)                                                   | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                        | Articles of Incorporation                                                                                                                   | TRN Registration Certificate                                                                                    | Trade Licence                                                                           | *Any one of:* BOJ licence · FSC licence                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | Letter of Good Standing                                                                                      |
| [**Mexico**](/kyb/countries/mexico)                                                     | *All required:* Acta Constitutiva + Folio Mercantil                                                                                                                 | *All required:* Acta Constitutiva + Estatutos Sociales                                                                                      | Constancia de Situación Fiscal                                                                                  | Licencia de Funcionamiento                                                              | *Any one of:* CNBV · CONSAR · CNSF · COFEPRIS                                                                                                                                                                                                                | *All required:* Acta Constitutiva + Libro de Registro de Acciones                                                                          | *All required:* Acta Constitutiva + Acta de Asamblea                                               | *All required:* Acta de Asamblea + Poder Notarial                                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Comprobante de Domicilio · Estado de Cuenta Bancario       | None — certified Folio Mercantil (Registro Público de Comercio) subsumes good-standing evidence              |
| [**Montserrat**](/kyb/countries/montserrat)                                             | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: IBC Certificate of Incorporation)*                                                                                         | Articles of Incorporation *(optional: Memorandum & Articles of Association · Articles of Formation)*                                        | MCRS Tax Registration Letter                                                                                    | None — no general operating licence for incorporated companies                          | *Any one of:* FSC International Banking and Trust Licence · FSC Insurance Licence · FSC Money Services Business Licence · FSC Virtual Asset Business Licence · FSC Company Management Licence · FSC Investment Funds Licence · ECCB Domestic Banking Licence | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Nicaragua**](/kyb/countries/nicaragua)                                               | Inscripción Registro Mercantil                                                                                                                                      | Escritura de Constitución                                                                                                                   | Constancia RUC                                                                                                  | Matrícula Municipal                                                                     | *Any one of:* SIBOIF · TELCOR                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Accionistas                                                                                   | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Certificación de Junta Directiva                               | *All required:* Certificación de Acta + Poder Notarial                           | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | None — current Registro Mercantil inscription extract subsumes good-standing evidence                        |
| [**Panama**](/kyb/countries/panama)                                                     | Cert. del Registro Público                                                                                                                                          | Pacto Social                                                                                                                                | Certificado RUC                                                                                                 | Aviso de Operación                                                                      | *Any one of:* SBP · SMV · SSRP                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | *All required:* Pacto Social + Registro de Acciones                                                                                        | Cert. del Registro Público                                                                         | *All required:* Cert. del Registro Público + Acta de Junta Directiva             | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | Certificado de Vigencia                                                                                      |
| [**Paraguay**](/kyb/countries/paraguay)                                                 | Inscripción Registro Público de Comercio                                                                                                                            | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                                                               | Cédula Tributaria RUC                                                                                           | Patente Comercial Municipal                                                             | *Any one of:* BCP · INCOOP · SEPRELAD · CNV                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Libro de Registro de Acciones                                                                          | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Acta de Asamblea                                               | *Any one of:* Acta de Asamblea · Acta de Directorio                              | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Factura de Servicio Público · Estado de Cuenta Bancario    | None — Paraguay's Registro Público de Comercio does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                 |
| [**Peru**](/kyb/countries/peru)                                                         | *Any one of:* Partida Registral SUNARP · Ficha Registral SUNARP                                                                                                     | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Estatutos                                                                                               | Ficha RUC                                                                                                       | Licencia de Funcionamiento Municipal                                                    | *Any one of:* SBS · SMV · MINSA · BCRP                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | *All required:* Escritura Pública + Matrícula de Acciones                                                                                  | Vigencia de Poder                                                                                  | Vigencia de Poder                                                                | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Recibo de Servicios · Estado de Cuenta Bancario            | None — dated Copia Literal de Partida Registral (SUNARP) serves as good-standing evidence                    |
| [**Puerto Rico**](/kyb/countries/puerto-rico)                                           | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Formation *(optional: Certificate of Authorization to do Business)*                                     | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Operating Agreement *(optional: Public Deed of Organization)*                                     | Merchant Registration Certificate                                                                               | Patente Municipal                                                                       | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · International Financial Entity Licence · Money Services Business Licence · Insurance Certificate of Authority                                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Stock Ledger · Membership Interest Register                                                                                  | Annual Report                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Saint Kitts and Nevis**](/kyb/countries/saint-kitts-and-nevis)                       | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation · Articles of Organisation                                                                | *Any one of:* Memorandum & Articles of Association · Articles of Incorporation · Articles of Organisation *(optional: Operating Agreement)* | *Any one of:* Business and Occupation Licence · TIN Registration Confirmation                                   | Business and Occupation Licence                                                         | *Any one of:* FSRC Licence · Nevis FSRC Licence                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Certificate of Good Standing                                    |
| [**Saint Lucia**](/kyb/countries/saint-lucia)                                           | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + IBC Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Organization                                                       | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Articles of Organization                                                             | TIN Registration Certificate *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)*                                         | Trade Licence                                                                           | *Any one of:* FSRA Licence · ECCB Banking Licence                                                                                                                                                                                                            | *All required:* Register of Members + IBC Register of Shareholders                                                                         | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Saint Vincent and the Grenadines**](/kyb/countries/saint-vincent-and-the-grenadines) | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation (Business Company) · Certificate of Formation (LLC)                                       | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Articles of Formation · Memorandum and Articles of Association                                    | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Registration Certificate                                                    | Trader's Licence                                                                        | *Any one of:* International Bank Licence · Mutual Fund Licence · Insurance Licence · Money Services Business Licence · Virtual Asset Business Registration · Registered Agent and Trustee Licence                                                            | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Certificate of Good Standing                                    |
| [**Suriname**](/kyb/countries/suriname)                                                 | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                                                                                                                          | *All required:* Notariële Akte van Oprichting + Statuten                                                                                    | *Any one of:* FIN · BTW-registratiebewijs                                                                       | Bedrijfsvergunning                                                                      | CBvS vergunning                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Aandeelhoudersregister                                                                                                                     | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                                                         | *Any one of:* Bestuursbesluit · Notariële Volmacht                               | *Any one of:* Huurovereenkomst · Nutsrekening · Bankafschrift                                        | None — dated Uittreksel Handelsregister serves this role                                                     |
| [**Trinidad and Tobago**](/kyb/countries/trinidad-and-tobago)                           | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                        | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + By-laws                                                                                         | BIR File Number Confirmation Letter                                                                             | *Any one of:* Trade Licence · Municipal Corporation Business Permit                     | *Any one of:* CBTT Licence · TTSEC Registration · FIUTT Registration                                                                                                                                                                                         | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback)                                      | Register of Directors and Secretaries                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Turks and Caicos Islands**](/kyb/countries/turks-and-caicos-islands)                 | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                        | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                                                                                      | Business Licence                                                                                                | Business Licence                                                                        | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · Insurance Licence · Trust Company Licence · Money Transmitter Licence                                                                                                                                                        | Register of Members                                                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**U.S. Virgin Islands**](/kyb/countries/us-virgin-islands)                             | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Articles of Organization · Certificate of Limited Partnership *(optional: Certificate of Authority)*                   | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · By-laws *(optional: Operating Agreement)*                                                         | EIN Confirmation Letter *(optional: EDC Benefits Certificate)*                                                  | Business License                                                                        | *Any one of:* Banking or Financial Institution Licence · Money Transmitter Licence · Insurance Licence · International Financial Services Entity Licence                                                                                                     | Register of Shareholders                                                                                                                   | *Any one of:* Register of Directors and Officers · Annual Report (Director Extract)                | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                               | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                                        | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                 |
| [**Uruguay**](/kyb/countries/uruguay)                                                   | Inscripción NRC                                                                                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Estatuto · Contrato Social                                                                                                    | Tarjeta RUT                                                                                                     | *All required:* Habilitación Municipal + DGI Inicio de Actividades                      | *Any one of:* BCU · URSEC                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | *All required:* Estatuto + Libro de Registro de Titulares                                                                                  | *All required:* Estatuto + Acta de Designación                                                     | *All required:* Acta de Directorio + Certificado Notarial de Vigencia de Poderes | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Constancia de Domicilio · Estado de Cuenta Bancario        | *Any one of:* Certificado de Vigencia · Certificado Único DGI                                                |

### Africa

| Country                                                                 | Legal Registration                | Constitutive Documents                                             | Tax Registration                                     | Operating Permit                                                        | Sector-Specific License                                                                                                                              | Ownership Records                                                                                     | Governance Records                                                                          | Signing Authority                                                                                     | Address                                                                                             | Good Standing                                                                                    |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [**Algeria**](/kyb/countries/algeria)                                   | Extrait du Registre de Commerce   | Statuts                                                            | *All required:* Carte NIF + Carte NIS                | *Any one of:* Carte d'Artisan · Autorisation d'Exercice                 | *Any one of:* Banque d'Algérie · COSOB                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés                                                         | *All required:* Statuts + PV de nomination                                                  | PV du Conseil                                                                                         | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | Attestation de Non-Faillite                                                                      |
| [**Angola**](/kyb/countries/angola)                                     | Certidão Comercial                | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Estatutos Sociais                | Cartão NIF                                           | Alvará Comercial                                                        | *Any one of:* BNA · ARSEG · CMC                                                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Escritura de Constituição · Estatutos Sociais                                           | *Any one of:* Escritura de Constituição · Estatutos Sociais · Acta de Nomeação              | Acta da Assembleia                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário                      | None — recently dated Certidão Comercial from the Conservatória subsumes good-standing evidence  |
| [**Benin**](/kyb/countries/benin)                                       | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Attestation IFU                                      | *Any one of:* Patente communale · Autorisation d'exercer                | Agrément sectoriel                                                                                                                                   | *All required:* Statuts + Extrait RCCM                                                                | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts                                                      | *Any one of:* Procès-verbal d'assemblée · Procuration notariée                                        | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — recently dated Extrait RCCM serves the good-standing function (OHADA pattern)             |
| [**Botswana**](/kyb/countries/botswana)                                 | Certificate of Incorporation      | Constitution                                                       | TIN Certificate                                      | Trade License                                                           | *Any one of:* BoB · NBFIRA                                                                                                                           | *All required:* Constitution + Annual Return                                                          | *All required:* Constitution + Annual Return                                                | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                     |
| [**Burkina Faso**](/kyb/countries/burkina-faso)                         | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts notariés                                                   | Certificat IFU                                       | *Any one of:* Patente municipale · Autorisation d'exercer               | *Any one of:* Agrément BCEAO · Agrément CIMA · Agrément AMF-UMOA                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actionnaires                             | *All required:* Statuts + PV d'AG                                                           | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée                                          | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — Extrait RCCM récent (subsumed)                                                            |
| [**Cabo Verde**](/kyb/countries/cabo-verde)                             | Certidão do Registo Comercial     | *Any one of:* Estatutos · Pacto Social                             | Cartão NIF                                           | Alvará de Actividade                                                    | Licença BCV                                                                                                                                          | Estatutos                                                                                             | *All required:* Estatutos + Acta de Nomeação                                                | *Any one of:* Acta da Assembleia Geral · Procuração Notarial                                          | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário                      | None — Certidão do Registo Comercial (DGRNI) subsumes good-standing evidence                     |
| [**Cameroon**](/kyb/countries/cameroon)                                 | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | NIU Certificate                                      | Patente                                                                 | *Any one of:* BEAC · COSUMAF · COBAC                                                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                  | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                                   | *Any one of:* PV d'AG · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration                                        | *Any one of:* Bail · Quittance (ENEO / CAMWATER) · Relevé bancaire                                  | None — Extrait RCCM (dated) serves as live-standing proof                                        |
| [**Central African Republic**](/kyb/countries/central-african-republic) | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Attestation NIF                                      | Patente                                                                 | None — regulators vary by sector and are not collected as a general KYB document — applicable only when your customer operates in a regulated sector | *Any one of:* Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                            | PV de nomination                                                                            | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration · Procuration notariée | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — recently dated Extrait RCCM serves the good-standing function (OHADA pattern)             |
| [**Chad**](/kyb/countries/chad)                                         | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | *Any one of:* Certificat NIF · Attestation NIF       | Autorisation municipale d'exercer                                       | *Any one of:* Agrément COBAC · Agrément CIMA · BEAC · ANIF-Tchad                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Liste des associés · Registre des actionnaires                                          | Extrait RCCM                                                                                | *Any one of:* Résolution des associés · PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée                | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — dated Extrait RCCM serves this function                                                   |
| [**Comoros**](/kyb/countries/comoros)                                   | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts notariés                                                   | NIF Certificate                                      | Patente                                                                 | BCC authorisation                                                                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                  | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                                   | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée                                          | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — OHADA Extrait RCCM (dated ≤30 days) subsumes good-standing evidence                       |
| [**Côte d'Ivoire**](/kyb/countries/cote-divoire)                        | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Attestation IDU                                      | Patente                                                                 | *Any one of:* BCEAO · AMF-UMOA                                                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                  | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                                   | *Any one of:* PV d'AG · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration                                        | *Any one of:* Bail commercial · Quittance (CIE / SODECI) · Relevé bancaire                          | None — recently dated Extrait RCCM serves the good-standing function (OHADA pattern)             |
| [**Democratic Republic of the Congo**](/kyb/countries/drc)              | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | NIF Certificate                                      | Patente                                                                 | *Any one of:* BCC · CENAREF                                                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                  | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                                   | *Any one of:* PV d'AG · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration                                        | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — recently dated Extrait RCCM serves the good-standing function (OHADA pattern)             |
| [**Djibouti**](/kyb/countries/djibouti)                                 | Récépissé d'immatriculation RCS   | Statuts                                                            | Attestation NIF                                      | Patente d'activité                                                      | *Any one of:* BCD agrément · ARMD licence sectorielle                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Registre des associés · Registre des actionnaires                                       | *All required:* Extrait RCS + Statuts                                                       | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée                                          | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | Extrait RCS (daté)                                                                               |
| [**Egypt**](/kyb/countries/egypt)                                       | Commercial Registry Extract       | Articles of Incorporation                                          | Tax Card                                             | *Any one of:* Industrial Activity License · Commercial Activity License | *Any one of:* CBE License · FRA License · GAFI License                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Articles of Association · Shareholders Register · GAFI Filing Extract                   | *All required:* Articles of Association + Board Minutes                                     | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* عقد إيجار · فاتورة خدمات · كشف حساب بنكي                                              | None — recently-dated Commercial Registry Extract (Mostakhrag) subsumes good-standing evidence   |
| [**Equatorial Guinea**](/kyb/countries/equatorial-guinea)               | Certificado de Inscripción        | *Any one of:* Estatutos · Acta Constitutiva                        | Certificado NIF                                      | Patente Comercial                                                       | *Any one of:* COBAC · COSUMAF · CIMA                                                                                                                 | *All required:* Estatutos + Libro de Socios/Accionistas                                               | *All required:* Certificado de Inscripción Registral + Estatutos + Acta de nombramiento     | *Any one of:* Acta de Asamblea General · Resolución del Consejo de Administración                     | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamiento · Factura de Servicios Públicos · Estado de Cuenta Bancario | None — recently-dated Certificado de Inscripción / Extrait RCCM subsumes good-standing evidence  |
| [**Eswatini**](/kyb/countries/eswatini)                                 | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum and Articles of Association                             | TIN Registration Certificate                         | Trading Licence                                                         | *Any one of:* CBE · FSRA sector licence                                                                                                              | *All required:* Share Register + Annual Return                                                        | *All required:* Annual Return + Directors Register                                          | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarised POA                                                        | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                     |
| [**Ethiopia**](/kyb/countries/ethiopia)                                 | Certificate of Registration       | Memorandum & Articles of Association                               | TIN Certificate                                      | *Any one of:* Trade License · Business License                          | *Any one of:* NBE · ECMA                                                                                                                             | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Annual Return                                             | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Manager Registration                            | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — annually-renewed Trade License + Commercial Registration subsume good-standing evidence   |
| [**Gabon**](/kyb/countries/gabon)                                       | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts constitutifs                                               | Attestation d'immatriculation fiscale                | *Any one of:* Licence administrative · Autorisation sectorielle         | *Any one of:* Agrément COBAC · COSUMAF · CIMA                                                                                                        | *Any one of:* Liste des associés · Registre des actionnaires                                          | *Any one of:* Liste des gérants · Liste des administrateurs                                 | *Any one of:* Résolution du Conseil d'Administration · Procuration notariée                           | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — dated Extrait RCCM serves as current-status document                                      |
| [**Gambia**](/kyb/countries/gambia)                                     | Certificate of Registration       | Memorandum and Articles of Association                             | TIN Certificate                                      | Municipal Trade License                                                 | CBG License                                                                                                                                          | Register of Members                                                                                   | Register of Directors                                                                       | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                    | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — Companies Registry extract from the Companies Department serves as active-status evidence |
| [**Ghana**](/kyb/countries/ghana)                                       | Certificate of Incorporation      | Constitution                                                       | TIN Certificate                                      | Business Operating Permit                                               | *Any one of:* BoG · SEC GH · NIC · FIC                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Constitution · Annual Return · Particulars of Shareholders                              | *All required:* Constitution + Annual Return                                                | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — current Form 3 / Particulars of Company extract reflects good-standing evidence           |
| [**Guinea**](/kyb/countries/guinea)                                     | Certificat d'Immatriculation RCCM | Statuts                                                            | Attestation NIF                                      | *Any one of:* Patente · Autorisation communale                          | *Any one of:* Agrément BCRG · Permis minier                                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Registre des associés · Registre des actionnaires                                       | *All required:* Statuts + PV d'Assemblée Générale                                           | *Any one of:* Résolution du conseil d'administration · Procuration notariée                           | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — Certificat d'Immatriculation RCCM (dated) serves as live-standing proof                   |
| [**Guinea-Bissau**](/kyb/countries/guinea-bissau)                       | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Certificado NIF                                      | Autorização de Exercício                                                | *Any one of:* BCEAO · CIMA · AMF-UMOA                                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                  | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                                   | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée                                          | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário                      | None — recently-dated Extrait RCCM (CFE) subsumes good-standing evidence                         |
| [**Kenya**](/kyb/countries/kenya)                                       | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum & Articles of Association                               | KRA PIN Certificate                                  | Single Business Permit                                                  | *Any one of:* CBK License · CMA License · IRA License                                                                                                | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | CR 12 Form                                                                                  | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — BRS does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                                         |
| [**Lesotho**](/kyb/countries/lesotho)                                   | Certificate of Incorporation      | Articles of Incorporation                                          | TIN Certificate                                      | Trading License                                                         | CBL license                                                                                                                                          | Company Share Register                                                                                | Register of Directors                                                                       | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                    | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — current OBFC registry extract subsumes good-standing evidence                             |
| [**Liberia**](/kyb/countries/liberia)                                   | Business Registration Certificate | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Certificate of Formation | Tax Clearance Certificate                            | Business Operating Permit                                               | *Any one of:* CBL License · FIA authorization                                                                                                        | Share Register                                                                                        | Directors Register                                                                          | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                    | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Business Registration Certificate (current year)    |
| [**Madagascar**](/kyb/countries/madagascar)                             | Extrait RCS                       | Statuts                                                            | *Any one of:* Carte fiscale · Attestation NIF        | Autorisation communale d'ouverture                                      | Agrément sectoriel                                                                                                                                   | Statuts                                                                                               | *All required:* Extrait RCS + liste des dirigeants                                          | *Any one of:* Procès-verbal d'AG · Procuration notariée                                               | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — OHADA Extrait RCS (dated ≤30 days) subsumes good-standing evidence                        |
| [**Malawi**](/kyb/countries/malawi)                                     | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum and Articles of Association                             | TPIN Certificate                                     | Business Licence                                                        | *Any one of:* RBM sector licence · FIA                                                                                                               | Register of Members                                                                                   | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · Annual Return                                         | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                    | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — no certificate of good standing issued by CRIPC                                           |
| [**Mauritania**](/kyb/countries/mauritania)                             | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Attestation NIF                                      | Patente                                                                 | BCM license                                                                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actionnaires                             | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts                                                      | *Any one of:* Procès-verbal d'Assemblée Générale · Procuration notariée                               | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — OHADA Extrait RCCM (dated ≤30 days) subsumes good-standing evidence                       |
| [**Mauritius**](/kyb/countries/mauritius)                               | Certificate of Incorporation      | Constitution                                                       | TAN Certificate                                      | *Any one of:* Trade License · FSC License                               | *Any one of:* BoM · FSC                                                                                                                              | Share Register                                                                                        | Register of Directors                                                                       | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Current Standing                                                                  |
| [**Morocco**](/kyb/countries/morocco)                                   | Modèle J                          | Statuts                                                            | *All required:* ICE Certificate + Identifiant Fiscal | *Any one of:* Patente · Taxe Professionnelle                            | *Any one of:* BAM · AMMC · ACAPS                                                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés                                                         | *Any one of:* Modèle J · Statuts · PV de nomination                                         | *Any one of:* PV de Conseil d'Administration · Décision du Gérant                                     | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — Modèle J (dated OMPIC extract) subsumes this function                                     |
| [**Mozambique**](/kyb/countries/mozambique)                             | Certidão do Registo Comercial     | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Estatutos Sociais                | Cartão NUIT                                          | *Any one of:* Alvará Comercial · DUAT                                   | *Any one of:* BdM · ISSM                                                                                                                             | *Any one of:* Escritura Pública · Estatutos Sociais                                                   | *Any one of:* Escritura de Constituição · Estatutos Sociais · Acta de Nomeação              | Acta da Reunião do Conselho                                                                           | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário                      | None — current Certidão do Registo Comercial (CREL) subsumes good-standing evidence              |
| [**Namibia**](/kyb/countries/namibia)                                   | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum & Articles of Association                               | TIN Certificate                                      | *All required:* Fitness Certificate + Trade License                     | *Any one of:* BoN · NAMFISA                                                                                                                          | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                                                  | CM29                                                                                        | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Existence with Status in Good Standing                                            |
| [**Niger**](/kyb/countries/niger)                                       | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Attestation NIF                                      | *Any one of:* Patente · Autorisation d'Exercice                         | *Any one of:* Agrément BCEAO · AMF-UMOA · CIMA                                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Registre des Associés · Registre des Actionnaires                                       | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV d'Assemblée Générale                            | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Pouvoir Notarié                                               | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — OHADA Extrait RCCM (dated ≤30 days) subsumes good-standing evidence                       |
| [**Nigeria**](/kyb/countries/nigeria)                                   | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum & Articles of Association (MEMART)                      | TIN Certificate                                      | Business Premises Registration Certificate                              | *Any one of:* CBN · SEC NG · NCC · NAFDAC · NFIU · SCUML Certificate                                                                                 | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association (MEMART) + Form CAC 2A + Share Register          | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association (MEMART) + Form CAC 7                  | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                     |
| [**Republic of the Congo**](/kyb/countries/republic-of-congo)           | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Attestation NIU                                      | Patente                                                                 | *Any one of:* BEAC · COSUMAF · COBAC                                                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                  | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                                   | *Any one of:* PV d'AG · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration                                        | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — dated Extrait RCCM serves as current-status evidence (OHADA subsumed-by-extract)          |
| [**Rwanda**](/kyb/countries/rwanda)                                     | Certificate of Domestic Company   | Memorandum of Association                                          | TIN Certificate                                      | Trading License                                                         | *Any one of:* BNR Licence · CMA Rwanda Licence                                                                                                       | *All required:* Articles of Association + RDB extract                                                 | *All required:* Articles of Association + RDB extract                                       | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                     |
| [**Senegal**](/kyb/countries/senegal)                                   | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Certificat NINEA                                     | *Any one of:* Patente · Autorisation d'Exercice                         | *Any one of:* BCEAO · AMF-UMOA                                                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                  | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV d'Assemblée Générale                            | PV d'Assemblée Générale                                                                               | *Any one of:* Bail commercial · Quittance (Senelec / SEN'EAU) · Relevé bancaire                     | None — Extrait RCCM (dated) serves as active-status evidence                                     |
| [**Seychelles**](/kyb/countries/seychelles)                             | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum and Articles of Association                             | TIN Registration Certificate                         | Business Licence                                                        | *Any one of:* CBS licence · FSA licence                                                                                                              | Register of Members                                                                                   | Register of Directors                                                                       | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                    | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                     |
| [**Sierra Leone**](/kyb/countries/sierra-leone)                         | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum & Articles of Association                               | TIN Certificate                                      | Business License                                                        | *Any one of:* BSL · SLSSEC · SLICOM                                                                                                                  | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Share Register + Annual Return                 | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Statutory Notice of Directors        | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                    | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — Sierra Leone's CAC does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                          |
| [**South Africa**](/kyb/countries/south-africa)                         | Registration Certificate          | Memorandum of Incorporation (MOI)                                  | *Any one of:* SARS Tax Reference · VAT Notice        | Municipal Business License                                              | *Any one of:* SARB · FSCA · NCR · ICASA                                                                                                              | *All required:* Memorandum of Incorporation + Securities Register                                     | *Any one of:* CoR 39 · CoR 14.1A                                                            | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Letter of Good Standing                                                                          |
| [**São Tomé and Príncipe**](/kyb/countries/sao-tome-and-principe)       | Certidão de Registo Comercial     | *Any one of:* Pacto Social · Estatutos                             | Cartão de Identificação Fiscal                       | Alvará Comercial                                                        | Licença BCSTP                                                                                                                                        | *Any one of:* Lista de Sócios · Registo de Accionistas                                                | *Any one of:* Certidão de Registo Comercial — gerentes · Estatutos — secção administradores | *Any one of:* Procuração Notarial · Deliberação de Gerentes                                           | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário                      | None — Certidão de Registo Comercial (DGRN/GUE) subsumes good-standing evidence                  |
| [**Tanzania**](/kyb/countries/tanzania)                                 | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum and Articles of Association                             | TIN Certificate                                      | *Any one of:* Business License · TIC Certificate                        | *Any one of:* BoT · CMSA · TIRA · TCRA                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Annual Return · Return of Allotment            | *All required:* Memorandum and Articles of Association + Annual Return                      | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                     |
| [**Togo**](/kyb/countries/togo)                                         | Extrait RCCM                      | Statuts                                                            | Certificat NIF                                       | Patente                                                                 | Agrément sectoriel                                                                                                                                   | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés · Registre des Actions                                  | *All required:* Extrait RCCM + Statuts + PV de nomination                                   | *Any one of:* PV d'Assemblée Générale · Résolution du Conseil d'Administration                        | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — Extrait RCCM (dated) serves as active-status evidence                                     |
| [**Tunisia**](/kyb/countries/tunisia)                                   | Extrait RNE                       | Statuts                                                            | Carte d'Identifiant Fiscal                           | *Any one of:* Patente · déclaration d'activité                          | *Any one of:* BCT · CMF                                                                                                                              | *Any one of:* Statuts · Registre des Associés                                                         | *All required:* Statuts + PV de nomination                                                  | PV du Conseil                                                                                         | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                               | None — Extrait RNE (Registre National des Entreprises) subsumes good-standing evidence           |
| [**Uganda**](/kyb/countries/uganda)                                     | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum & Articles of Association                               | TIN Certificate                                      | Trading License                                                         | *Any one of:* BoU · CMA · IRA                                                                                                                        | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Annual Return                                  | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Annual Return                        | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — Uganda's URSB does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                               |
| [**Zambia**](/kyb/countries/zambia)                                     | Certificate of Incorporation      | Articles of Incorporation                                          | TPIN Certificate                                     | Trading License                                                         | *Any one of:* BoZ · SEC ZM · PIA                                                                                                                     | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + Annual Return                                             | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + Annual Return                                   | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | None — PACRA issues no standalone Certificate of Good Standing                                   |
| [**Zimbabwe**](/kyb/countries/zimbabwe)                                 | Certificate of Incorporation      | Memorandum & Articles of Association                               | ZIMRA Tax Clearance                                  | Shop License                                                            | *Any one of:* RBZ · SECZ · IPEC                                                                                                                      | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + CR11                                           | CR6                                                                                         | Board Resolution                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                       | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                     |

### Europe

| Country                                                             | Legal Registration                                                                                                        | Constitutive Documents                                                                                  | Tax Registration                                                                       | Operating Permit                                                                                                                                         | Sector-Specific License                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Ownership Records                                                                                     | Governance Records                                                                                    | Signing Authority                                                                                              | Address                                                                                      | Good Standing                                                                                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [**Albania**](/kyb/countries/albania)                               | Certifikata e Regjistrimit                                                                                                | Statuti                                                                                                 | Certifikata NIPT/NUIS                                                                  | NLC permit                                                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Bank of Albania Licence · AMF Licence · AKEP licence                                                                                                                                                                                   | QKB shareholders list                                                                                 | Certifikata e Regjistrimit                                                                            | *Any one of:* Vendim i Asamblesë · Prokurë noteriale                                                           | *Any one of:* Kontratë qiraje · Faturë shërbimesh · Pasqyrë bankare                          | None — Certifikata e Regjistrimit (fresh download) serves as active-status confirmation                                                    |
| [**Andorra**](/kyb/countries/andorra)                               | *All required:* Certificat d'inscripció al Registre de Societats Mercantils + Targeta de societat                         | *Any one of:* Escriptura de constitució · Estatuts socials                                              | Certificat d'alta tributària (NRT)                                                     | Autorització de comerç                                                                                                                                   | *Any one of:* AFA Autorització com a entitat bancària · AFA Autorització com a entitat de pagament · AFA Autorització com a entitat asseguradora · AFA Autorització com a empresa d'inversió                                                         | Llibre registre de socis                                                                              | Certificat d'inscripció al Registre de Societats Mercantils                                           | *Any one of:* Resolució del consell d'administració · Poder notarial                                           | *Any one of:* Contracte de lloguer · Factura de serveis · Extracte bancari                   | Certificat de societat mercantil andorrana                                                                                                 |
| [**Austria**](/kyb/countries/austria)                               | Firmenbuchauszug                                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Gesellschaftsvertrag · Satzung                                                            | *All required:* UID-Nummer-Bescheid + Steuernummer-Bescheid                            | *Any one of:* Gewerbeschein · GISA-Auszug                                                                                                                | *Any one of:* FMA Konzession · Bewilligung                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Firmenbuchauszug                                                                                      | Firmenbuchauszug                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Notarielle Vollmacht · Gesellschafterbeschluss · Vorstandsbeschluss                              | *Any one of:* Mietvertrag · Versorgungsrechnung · Kontoauszug                                | None — dated Firmenbuchauszug subsumes this slot                                                                                           |
| [**Belgium**](/kyb/countries/belgium)                               | Extrait KBO/BCE                                                                                                           | *All required:* Acte constitutif + Statuts                                                              | BTW/TVA confirmation                                                                   | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area                                                                                          | *Any one of:* NBB licence · FSMA authorisation                                                                                                                                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Registre des actionnaires · Livre d'actions                                             | Annexes Moniteur belge                                                                                | *Any one of:* Procès-verbal · Procuration                                                                      | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                        | None — subsumed by dated Extrait KBO / BCE                                                                                                 |
| [**Bosnia and Herzegovina**](/kyb/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina) | *All required:* Rješenje o registraciji + Izvod iz sudskog/APIF registra                                                  | *All required:* Osnivački akt + Statut                                                                  | *Any one of:* JIB potvrda · PDV uvjerenje                                              | Odobrenje za rad                                                                                                                                         | *Any one of:* FBA Licence · ABRS Licence · KOMVP Authorisation · SECRS Authorisation · Ministerial Permit                                                                                                                                            | Izvod iz registra                                                                                     | Izvod iz registra                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Odluka skupštine · Punomoć                                                                       | *Any one of:* Ugovor o najmu · Račun za komunalne usluge · Bankovni izvod                    | None — Izvod iz sudskog / APIF registra issued at request reflects current registry status                                                 |
| [**Bulgaria**](/kyb/countries/bulgaria)                             | Удостоверение за вписване                                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Дружествен договор · Учредителен акт · Устав                                              | Удостоверение за регистрация по ЗДДС                                                   | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area                                                                                          | *Any one of:* БНБ лиценз · КФН лиценз                                                                                                                                                                                                                | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | Удостоверение за вписване                                                                             | *Any one of:* Нотариално заверено пълномощно · Решение на ОСС · Решение на ОСС                                 | *Any one of:* Договор за наем · Сметка за комунални услуги · Банково извлечение              | Удостоверение за актуално състояние                                                                                                        |
| [**Croatia**](/kyb/countries/croatia)                               | Izvadak iz sudskog registra                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Izjava o osnivanju · Društveni ugovor · Statut                                            | OIB potvrda                                                                            | Rješenje o upisu                                                                                                                                         | *Any one of:* HNB licence · HANFA licence                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Izvadak iz sudskog registra                                                                           | Izvadak iz sudskog registra                                                                           | *Any one of:* Izvadak iz sudskog registra · Odluka skupštine/upravnog odbora · Punomoć                         | *Any one of:* Ugovor o najmu · Račun za komunalne usluge · Izvod bankovnog računa            | None — Izvadak iz sudskog registra reflects live status in real time                                                                       |
| [**Czechia**](/kyb/countries/czechia)                               | Výpis z obchodního rejstříku                                                                                              | *Any one of:* Společenská smlouva · Zakladatelská listina · Stanovy                                     | Osvědčení o registraci k DPH                                                           | Živnostenský list                                                                                                                                        | *Any one of:* ČNB licence · povolení                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Výpis z OR                                                                                            | Výpis z OR                                                                                            | *All required:* Notarised board/shareholder resolution + Prokura                                               | *Any one of:* Nájemní smlouva · Faktura za služby · Bankovní výpis                           | None — dated Výpis z obchodního rejstříku (OR extract) serves as good-standing evidence                                                    |
| [**Denmark**](/kyb/countries/denmark)                               | CVR-udskrift                                                                                                              | *All required:* Vedtægter + Stiftelsesdokument                                                          | CVR-/SE-nummer registreringsbevis                                                      | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area                                                                                          | Finanstilsynet tilladelse                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Ejerbog                                                                                               | CVR-udskrift                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Bestyrelsesreferat · Fuldmagt                                                                    | *Any one of:* Lejekontrakt · Forsyningsregning · Kontoudtog                                  | None — subsumed by CVR-udskrift                                                                                                            |
| [**Estonia**](/kyb/countries/estonia)                               | Äriregistri väljavõte                                                                                                     | Põhikiri                                                                                                | KMKR tõend                                                                             | None — Estonia has no general municipal trading licence                                                                                                  | *Any one of:* FI tegevusluba · RAB tegevusluba                                                                                                                                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Osanike nimekiri · Aktsiaraamat                                                         | Äriregistri väljavõte                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Juhatuse otsus · Volikiri                                                                        | *Any one of:* Üürileping · Kommunaalmaksete arve · Pangakonto väljavõte                      | None — dated Äriregistri väljavõte serves as CoGS equivalent                                                                               |
| [**Faroe Islands**](/kyb/countries/faroe-islands)                   | *All required:* Skrásetingarskjal + Vinnuskráin Registration Confirmation                                                 | *All required:* Skipanarlóg + Stovnanarskjal + Partnership Agreement                                    | V-tal Registration Confirmation *(optional: MVG-skrásetingarskjal)*                    | None — no general municipal operating permit required                                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Tryggingarleyfi · Finanstilsynet Licence                                                                                                                                                                                               | Hlutaskrá                                                                                             | Skrásetingarskjal — stjórn section                                                                    | *Any one of:* Stjórnarúrslit · Umboð                                                                           | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                | Current Company Extract                                                                                                                    |
| [**Finland**](/kyb/countries/finland)                               | Kaupparekisteriote                                                                                                        | *Any one of:* Yhtiöjärjestys · Yhtiösopimus                                                             | Verohallinto rekisteriote                                                              | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area                                                                                          | *Any one of:* FIN-FSA toimilupa · FIN-FSA rekisteröinti                                                                                                                                                                                              | Osakasluettelo                                                                                        | Kaupparekisteriote                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Kaupparekisteriote · Hallituksen pöytäkirja · Prokura                                            | *Any one of:* Vuokrasopimus · Sähkölasku · Tiliote                                           | None — Kaupparekisteriote (Trade Register Extract, PRH) subsumes good-standing evidence                                                    |
| [**France**](/kyb/countries/france)                                 | *Any one of:* Extrait Kbis · Certificat d'immatriculation RNE                                                             | Statuts                                                                                                 | Mémento Fiscal                                                                         | *Any one of:* Déclaration d'activité · Autorisation d'exercice · Autorisation sectorielle · Autorisation municipale                                      | *Any one of:* Agrément ACPR · Agrément AMF                                                                                                                                                                                                           | *Any one of:* Registre des mouvements de titres · Registre des associés                               | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | *Any one of:* PV d'assemblée générale · Résolution de gérance · Procuration                                    | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                        | None — Extrait Kbis (dated) serves as good-standing evidence                                                                               |
| [**Germany**](/kyb/countries/germany)                               | Handelsregisterauszug                                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Gesellschaftsvertrag · Satzung                                                            | *All required:* Steuernummer-Bescheid + USt-IdNr-Bescheid                              | Gewerbeschein                                                                                                                                            | *Any one of:* BaFin Erlaubnis · Zulassung                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Gesellschafterliste                                                                                   | Handelsregisterauszug                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Gesellschafterbeschluss · Notarielle Vollmacht                                                   | *Any one of:* Mietvertrag · Versorgungsrechnung · Kontoauszug                                | None — subsumed by dated Handelsregisterauszug (aktueller Ausdruck)                                                                        |
| [**Gibraltar**](/kyb/countries/gibraltar)                           | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                              | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                                                  | Income Tax Office Registration Letter                                                  | Business Licence                                                                                                                                         | *Any one of:* GFSC Authorisation · DLT Provider Licence · GRA Remote Gambling Licence                                                                                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Register of Members · Annual Return                                                     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · Annual Return                                                   | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                             | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                               |
| [**Greece**](/kyb/countries/greece)                                 | Apospasma GEMI                                                                                                            | Katastatiko                                                                                             | *Any one of:* Apodeixis AFM · TAXISNET registration printout                           | Adeia Leitourgias                                                                                                                                        | *Any one of:* Άδεια ΤτΕ · Άδεια ΕΚΚΕ                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Katastatiko · Mitroo Metochon · List of partners                                        | *Any one of:* Apospasma GEMI · Praktika DS · Πράξη ορισμού διαχειριστή                                | *Any one of:* Απόφαση ΔΣ · Νοτάριακό πληρεξούσιο                                                               | *Any one of:* Μισθωτήριο · Λογαριασμός κοινής ωφελείας · Τραπεζική κατάσταση                 | Γενικό Πιστοποιητικό ΓΕΜΗ                                                                                                                  |
| [**Guernsey**](/kyb/countries/guernsey)                             | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                              | Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation                                                                | Revenue Service Tax Reference Number Letter                                            | None — not applicable — no general operating licence in Guernsey                                                                                         | *Any one of:* GFSC Banking Licence · GFSC Fiduciary Licence · GFSC Investment/POI Licence · GFSC Insurance Licence · GFSC Payment Services Licence                                                                                                   | Register of Members                                                                                   | Register of Directors *(optional: Guernsey Registry Director Extract)*                                | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                             | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                               |
| [**Hungary**](/kyb/countries/hungary)                               | Cégkivonat                                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Alapító okirat · Társasági szerződés · Alapszabály                                        | Adóigazolás                                                                            | Működési engedély                                                                                                                                        | *Any one of:* MNB engedély · Tevékenységi engedély                                                                                                                                                                                                   | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | *Any one of:* Aláírási címpéldány · Meghatalmazás                                                              | *Any one of:* Bérleti szerződés · Közüzemi számla · Banki kivonat                            | Hiteles cégkivonat                                                                                                                         |
| [**Iceland**](/kyb/countries/iceland)                               | Skráningarskírteini                                                                                                       | *All required:* Samþykktir + Stofnskjal                                                                 | *All required:* Kennitala confirmation + VSK-skírteini                                 | Starfsleyfi                                                                                                                                              | *Any one of:* Starfsleyfi · Seðlabanka leyfi                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Hluthafaskrá                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Stjórnarmenn · Fyrirsvarsmenn extract                                                   | *Any one of:* Samþykki stjórnar · Prókúra                                                                      | *Any one of:* Leigusamningur · Reikningur · Bankayfirlit                                     | None — Vottorð úr fyrirtækjaskrá (Skráningarskírteini) subsumes good-standing evidence                                                     |
| [**Ireland**](/kyb/countries/ireland)                               | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                              | *Any one of:* Constitution · Memorandum & Articles                                                      | Tax Registration Certificate                                                           | None — Ireland has no universal municipal trading licence.                                                                                               | *Any one of:* CBI Authorisation · Registration                                                                                                                                                                                                       | Constitution                                                                                          | Form B1 Annual Return                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Written consent · Power of Attorney                                           | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                               |
| [**Isle of Man**](/kyb/countries/isle-of-man)                       | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Organisation                                                | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Articles of Organisation · Foundation Instrument | Income Tax Division TRN Notification Letter *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)* | None — not applicable — no general operating licence in the Isle of Man                                                                                  | *Any one of:* IOMFSA Banking Licence · IOMFSA Virtual Asset Service Provider Licence · IOMFSA Investment Business Licence · IOMFSA Insurance Licence · IOMFSA Trust and Corporate Service Provider Licence · Gambling Supervision Commission Licence | Register of Members                                                                                   | Register of Directors *(optional: Annual Return (Directors Extract))*                                 | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                             | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                               |
| [**Italy**](/kyb/countries/italy)                                   | Visura Camerale                                                                                                           | Atto Costitutivo e Statuto                                                                              | *Any one of:* Codice Fiscale · Partita IVA certificate                                 | SCIA                                                                                                                                                     | Sector-specific authorization                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | *All required:* Libro Soci + Visura Camerale                                                          | Visura Camerale                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Delibera del CdA o dell'Assemblea dei Soci · Procura Notarile                                    | *Any one of:* Contratto di Locazione · Bolletta · Estratto Conto Bancario                    | Certificato di Vigenza                                                                                                                     |
| [**Jersey**](/kyb/countries/jersey)                                 | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Establishment                                               | *All required:* Memorandum and Articles of Association + Foundation Charter and Regulations             | Revenue Jersey Tax Reference Number Letter *(optional: GST Registration Certificate)*  | None — not applicable — no general operating licence in Jersey                                                                                           | *Any one of:* JFSC Banking Licence · JFSC Financial Services Registration · JFSC Insurance Licence · JFSC Money Services Business Registration · JFSC Virtual Asset Service Provider Registration                                                    | Register of Members                                                                                   | Register of Directors *(optional: JFSC Registry Company Search Report)*                               | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                                                             | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                               |
| [**Kosovo**](/kyb/countries/kosovo)                                 | Certifikata e Regjistrimit të Biznesit                                                                                    | *All required:* Akti i Themelimit + Statuti                                                             | Certifikata Fiskale                                                                    | Municipal operating permit                                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* CBK licence · FIU-K authorisation                                                                                                                                                                                                      | ARBK shareholders list extract                                                                        | Certifikata e Regjistrimit                                                                            | *Any one of:* Vendim i Asamblesë · Prokurë noteriale                                                           | *Any one of:* Kontratë qiraje · Faturë shërbimesh · Pasqyrë bankare                          | None — ARBK ekstrakt / Certifikata e Biznesit subsumes good-standing evidence                                                              |
| [**Latvia**](/kyb/countries/latvia)                                 | *All required:* Reģistrācijas apliecība + UR izraksts                                                                     | *Any one of:* Statūti · Dibināšanas līgums                                                              | *All required:* VID reģistrācijas apliecība + PVN reģistrācijas apliecība              | Pašvaldības atļauja                                                                                                                                      | Latvijas Banka license                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Dalībnieku reģistrs · Akcionāru reģistrs                                                | UR izraksts                                                                                           | *Any one of:* Valdes lēmums · Prokūra · Pilnvara                                                               | *Any one of:* Īres līgums · Komunālo pakalpojumu rēķins · Bankas konta izraksts              | None — dated UR izraksts serves as CoGS equivalent                                                                                         |
| [**Liechtenstein**](/kyb/countries/liechtenstein)                   | Handelsregister-Auszug                                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Statuten · Stiftungsurkunde · Gründungsakt                                                | *Any one of:* MWST-Bescheinigung · PEID-Bestätigung                                    | Gewerbebewilligung                                                                                                                                       | *Any one of:* FMA Bankbewilligung · FMA Zahlungsdienstleistungs-Bewilligung · FMA Vermögensverwaltungs-Bewilligung · FMA CASP-Zulassung · FMA Versicherungsbewilligung                                                                               | *Any one of:* Gesellschafterliste · Aktienbuch                                                        | Handelsregister-Auszug                                                                                | *Any one of:* Verwaltungsratsbeschluss · Vollmacht                                                             | *Any one of:* Mietvertrag · Versorgungsrechnung · Kontoauszug                                | None — dated Handelsregister-Auszug subsumes this slot                                                                                     |
| [**Lithuania**](/kyb/countries/lithuania)                           | JAR Išrašas                                                                                                               | Įstatai                                                                                                 | VMI PVM mokėtojo pažymėjimas                                                           | *Any one of:* Verslo liudijimas · Savivaldybės leidimas                                                                                                  | Lietuvos bankas licence                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | JADIS extract                                                                                         | JAR Išrašas                                                                                           | *Any one of:* Valdybos sprendimas · Notarinis įgaliojimas                                                      | *Any one of:* Nuomos sutartis · Komunalinių paslaugų sąskaita · Banko sąskaitos išrašas      | None — JAR Išrašas (dated extract) subsumed                                                                                                |
| [**Luxembourg**](/kyb/countries/luxembourg)                         | Extrait RCS                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Acte constitutif · Statuts                                                                | *All required:* Certificat d'immatriculation TVA + Avis de numéro de dossier           | Autorisation d'établissement                                                                                                                             | *Any one of:* Agrément · Licence CSSF · Agrément CAA                                                                                                                                                                                                 | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | Extrait RCS                                                                                           | *Any one of:* Résolution du conseil de gérance · Résolution du conseil d'administration · Procuration notariée | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                        | None — Extrait RCS (dated) subsumes CoGS                                                                                                   |
| [**Malta**](/kyb/countries/malta)                                   | Certificate of Registration                                                                                               | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                                                  | VAT Registration Certificate                                                           | Trade Licence                                                                                                                                            | *Any one of:* MFSA Authorisation · FIAU                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Memorandum of Association                                                                             | *All required:* Annual Return + MBR Company Extract                                                   | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarised Power of Attorney                                                   | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                               |
| [**Moldova**](/kyb/countries/moldova)                               | Extras din Registrul de Stat                                                                                              | *Any one of:* Statut · Act de Constituire                                                               | Certificat de înregistrare TVA                                                         | Autorizație de funcționare                                                                                                                               | *Required:* (Any one of: BNM · CNPF) + Licență BNM + Autorizație CNPF                                                                                                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Extras din Registrul de Stat · Registrul asociatilor · Registrul actionarilor           | Extras din Registrul de Stat                                                                          | *Any one of:* Decizie de incorporare · Procură notarială                                                       | *Any one of:* Contract de locațiune · Factură de utilități · Extras bancar                   | None — current Extras din Registrul de Stat (ASP) subsumes good-standing evidence                                                          |
| [**Monaco**](/kyb/countries/monaco)                                 | Extrait RCI                                                                                                               | Statuts *(optional: Arrêté Ministériel)*                                                                | Attestation de numéro de TVA intracommunautaire *(optional: Certificat NIS)*           | Autorisation gouvernementale d'exercice d'activité                                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Agrément CCAF · Autorisation AMSF *(optional: Autorisation ACPR (credit institutions))*                                                                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Registre des associés · Registre des actionnaires                                       | Extrait RCI                                                                                           | *Any one of:* Résolution du conseil d'administration · Résolution de gérance · Procuration notariée            | *Any one of:* Contrat de bail · Facture de services · Relevé bancaire                        | None — dated Extrait RCI serves as good-standing evidence                                                                                  |
| [**Montenegro**](/kyb/countries/montenegro)                         | Izvod iz CRPS                                                                                                             | *Any one of:* Osnivački akt · Statut                                                                    | PIB potvrda                                                                            | Opšinska dozvola za rad                                                                                                                                  | *Any one of:* Dozvola CBCG · Dozvola KTK                                                                                                                                                                                                             | CRPS member list                                                                                      | Izvod iz CRPS                                                                                         | *Any one of:* Punomoćje · Prokura · Odluka skupštine                                                           | *Any one of:* Ugovor o zakupu · Račun za komunalne usluge · Bankovni izvod                   | None — current Izvod iz CRPS (Tax Administration) subsumes good-standing evidence                                                          |
| [**Netherlands**](/kyb/countries/netherlands)                       | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                                                                                | Statuten                                                                                                | BTW-identificatienummer bevestiging                                                    | *Any one of:* Exploitatievergunning · Omgevingsvergunning                                                                                                | *Any one of:* DNB vergunning · AFM vergunning                                                                                                                                                                                                        | Aandeelhoudersregister                                                                                | Uittreksel Handelsregister                                                                            | *Any one of:* Bestuursbesluit · Volmacht                                                                       | *Any one of:* Huurovereenkomst · Nutsrekening · Bankafschrift                                | None — dated KvK uittreksel serves as active-status proof                                                                                  |
| [**North Macedonia**](/kyb/countries/north-macedonia)               | Izvod od Trgovskiot Registar                                                                                              | *Any one of:* Osnivački akt · Statut                                                                    | Potvrda za EDB                                                                         | Komunalna/opštinska dozvola                                                                                                                              | *Any one of:* Licence from NBRSM · Лиценца КХВ · Лиценца АСО · Лиценца МАПАС · NBRSM · SEC/KHoV                                                                                                                                                      | Izvod od CRRNM                                                                                        | Izvod od CRRNM                                                                                        | *Any one of:* Одлука · Нотарски заверено полномошно                                                            | *Any one of:* Договор за закуп · Сметка за комунални услуги · Банковски извод                | None — a recent dated Izvod od Trgovskiot Registar (CRRNM) serves this purpose                                                             |
| [**Norway**](/kyb/countries/norway)                                 | Firmaattest                                                                                                               | *All required:* Stiftelsesdokument + Vedtekter                                                          | *All required:* Skatteattest + MVA-registreringsbevis                                  | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area                                                                                          | Finanstilsynet tillatelse                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Aksjonærbok                                                                                           | Firmaattest                                                                                           | *Any one of:* Styrevedtak · Fullmakt · Prokura                                                                 | *Any one of:* Leiekontrakt · Strømregning · Kontoutskrift                                    | None — dated Firmaattest (brreg.no) serves as the registry-extract equivalent                                                              |
| [**Poland**](/kyb/countries/poland)                                 | Odpis z KRS                                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Umowa Spółki · Statut                                                                     | Zaświadczenie o nadaniu NIP                                                            | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area                                                                                          | *Any one of:* KNF licence · KNF register entry · sector-specific permit                                                                                                                                                                              | Odpis z KRS                                                                                           | Odpis z KRS                                                                                           | *Any one of:* Uchwała Zarządu · Prokura · Pełnomocnictwo                                                       | *Any one of:* Umowa najmu · Rachunek za media · Wyciąg bankowy                               | None — subsumed by dated Odpis z KRS (see business\_registration)                                                                          |
| [**Portugal**](/kyb/countries/portugal)                             | Certidão Permanente do Registo Comercial                                                                                  | *Any one of:* Contrato de Sociedade · Escritura de Constituição · Estatutos                             | *Any one of:* Certidão de Situação Tributária · Cartão NIPC                            | Alvará de Autorização de Utilização                                                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Banco de Portugal authorisation · CMVM registration · ASF licence                                                                                                                                                                      | Certidão Permanente                                                                                   | Certidão Permanente                                                                                   | *Any one of:* Deliberação social · Procuração notarial                                                         | *Any one of:* Contrato de arrendamento · Fatura de serviços · Extrato Bancário               | None — Certidão Permanente do Registo Comercial (IRN) subsumes good-standing evidence                                                      |
| [**Romania**](/kyb/countries/romania)                               | *All required:* Certificat de Înregistrare + Certificat Constatator                                                       | *Any one of:* Actul Constitutiv · Statut                                                                | Certificat de Înregistrare Fiscală                                                     | *Any one of:* Autorizație · Acord de Funcționare                                                                                                         | *Any one of:* Autorizație BNR · Autorizație ASF                                                                                                                                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Registrul Asociatilor · Registrul Actionarilor                                          | *All required:* Certificat Constatator + Actul Constitutiv                                            | *Any one of:* Hotararea AGA · Hotararea CA · Procura notariala                                                 | *Any one of:* Contract de locațiune · Factură de utilități · Extras bancar                   | None — Certificat Constatator (ONRC) serves as live-status evidence                                                                        |
| [**San Marino**](/kyb/countries/san-marino)                         | *All required:* Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Società + Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Imprese | *All required:* Atto Costitutivo e Statuto + Patto Sociale                                              | Licenza di attività                                                                    | Licenza di attività                                                                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Autorizzazione BCSM · Autorizzazione governativa per settori riservati                                                                                                                                                                 | Atto Costitutivo *(optional: Libro Soci)*                                                             | Certificato di iscrizione al Registro delle Società                                                   | *Any one of:* Delibera del Consiglio di Amministrazione · Procura Notarile                                     | *Any one of:* Contratto di Locazione · Bolletta AASS · Estratto Conto Bancario               | Certificato di vigenza                                                                                                                     |
| [**Serbia**](/kyb/countries/serbia)                                 | Izvod iz registra privrednih subjekata                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Osnivački akt · Statut                                                                    | PIB potvrda                                                                            | None — APR registration decision (Rešenje o registraciji) serves as the sole formation-time authorisation; no general operating licence exists in Serbia | *Any one of:* NBS licence · KHoV licence                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Izvod iz registra                                                                                     | Izvod iz registra                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Izvod iz registra · Odluka skupštine · Odluka upravnog odbora · Punomoć                          | *Any one of:* Ugovor o zakupu · Račun za komunalne usluge · Bankovni izvod                   | None — APR Izvod iz registra privrednih subjekata subsumes good-standing evidence                                                          |
| [**Slovakia**](/kyb/countries/slovakia)                             | Výpis z obchodného registra                                                                                               | *Any one of:* Spoločenská zmluva · Zakladateľská listina · Stanovy                                      | Osvedčenie o registrácii                                                               | Živnostenské oprávnenie                                                                                                                                  | NBS licence                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Zoznam spoločníkov · Akcionárska kniha                                                  | Výpis z obchodného registra                                                                           | *Any one of:* Uznesenie štatutárneho orgánu · Plnomocenstvo                                                    | *Any one of:* Nájomná zmluva · Faktúra za služby · Bankový výpis                             | None — served by the dated OR extract (Výpis z obchodného registra) under business\_registration.                                          |
| [**Slovenia**](/kyb/countries/slovenia)                             | *Any one of:* Izpisek iz Poslovnega registra · Izpisek iz Sodnega registra                                                | *Any one of:* Družbena pogodba · Statut                                                                 | *Any one of:* Potrdilo o davčni številki · DDV potrdilo                                | None — no general operating licence                                                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Dovoljenje Banke Slovenije · Dovoljenje ATVP · Dovoljenje AZN                                                                                                                                                                          | Izpisek iz ePRS                                                                                       | Izpisek iz Poslovnega/Sodnega registra                                                                | *Any one of:* Sklep poslovodstva · Notarsko overjeno pooblastilo                                               | *Any one of:* Najemna pogodba · Račun za komunalne storitve · Bančni izpisek                 | None — subsumed by dated AJPES ePRS e-izpisek                                                                                              |
| [**Spain**](/kyb/countries/spain)                                   | *Any one of:* Nota Simple · Certificación Registral                                                                       | *All required:* Escritura de Constitución + Estatutos Sociales                                          | *Any one of:* Certificado de Alta en el Censo · Tarjeta NIF                            | *Any one of:* Licencia de Actividad · Licencia de Apertura                                                                                               | *All required:* Autorización del Banco de España + Autorización CNMV + Autorización DGSFP                                                                                                                                                            | *Any one of:* Libro-Registro de Socios · Libro-Registro de Acciones Nominativas                       | *Any one of:* Certificación Registral · Nota Simple                                                   | *Any one of:* Escritura de Poder Notarial · Acta de Junta o de Consejo con facultades representativas          | *Any one of:* Contrato de arrendamiento · Factura de suministros · Estado de Cuenta Bancario | Certificado de Vigencia                                                                                                                    |
| [**Sweden**](/kyb/countries/sweden)                                 | Registreringsbevis                                                                                                        | Bolagsordning                                                                                           | *All required:* Momsregistreringsbevis + F-skattsedel                                  | *Any one of:* Kommunalt tillstånd · Anmälan                                                                                                              | FI tillstånd                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Aktiebok                                                                                              | Registreringsbevis                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Styrelsebeslut · Fullmakt                                                                        | *Any one of:* Hyreskontrakt · Elräkning · Kontoutdrag                                        | None — dated Registreringsbevis (business\_registration) serves as good-standing evidence                                                  |
| [**Switzerland**](/kyb/countries/switzerland)                       | Handelsregisterauszug                                                                                                     | Statuten                                                                                                | *All required:* UID-Bescheinigung + MWST-Bescheinigung                                 | None at federal level                                                                                                                                    | FINMA-Bewilligung                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Aktienbuch · Anteilbuch                                                                 | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | *Any one of:* Verwaltungsratsbeschluss · Vollmacht                                                             | *Any one of:* Mietvertrag · Versorgungsrechnung · Kontoauszug                                | None — subsumed by dated Handelsregisterauszug                                                                                             |
| [**United Kingdom**](/kyb/countries/united-kingdom)                 | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Confirmation Statement                                                     | Articles of Association                                                                                 | UTR notification letter                                                                | None — no general municipal operating licence in the UK.                                                                                                 | *Any one of:* FCA authorisation · PRA authorisation · HMRC MLR registration · Ofcom licence · ICO registration                                                                                                                                       | Confirmation Statement                                                                                | Companies House Officers Register                                                                     | *Any one of:* Board minute · Written Resolution · Deed-form Power of Attorney                                  | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                | None — Companies House issues only a summary statement certifying continuous existence; there is no separate Certificate of Good Standing. |

### United States & Canada

| Country                                           | Legal Registration                                                                                                           | Constitutive Documents                                                                                                       | Tax Registration                                                              | Operating Permit                                                                                   | Sector-Specific License                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Ownership Records                                                                                     | Governance Records                                                                                                           | Signing Authority                                                              | Address                                                       | Good Standing                                                                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [**Canada**](/kyb/countries/canada)               | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Corporate Profile Report                                                        | Articles of Incorporation                                                                                                    | CRA Business Number Confirmation (RC0001 / RT0001)                            | *Any one of:* Municipal Business Licence · Extra-Provincial Registration Certificate               | *Any one of:* OSFI Registration · FINTRAC MSB Registration Certificate · Bank of Canada RPAA Registration · CIRO Dealer Registration · CSA Securities Registration · OSC Registration · BCSC Registration · ASC Registration · AMF Quebec Registration · AMF Quebec MSB License | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | CBCA Form 2 — Initial Registered Office and First Directors                                                                  | *Any one of:* Directors Resolution · Officer Certificate · Power of Attorney   | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement | *Any one of:* Certificate of Compliance · Certificate of Status · Certificate of Good Standing · Certificat d'attestation · Certificate of Status |
| [**Greenland**](/kyb/countries/greenland)         | *All required:* CVR Registreringsbevis + CVR-udtræk                                                                          | *All required:* Stiftelsesdokument + Vedtægter + Partnership Agreement                                                       | CVR Tax Registration Confirmation *(optional: Sulinal Employer Registration)* | None — no general municipal operating permit required                                              | *Any one of:* Finanstilsynet Financial Licence · Mineral Resources Licence · Fishing Licence                                                                                                                                                                                    | Ejerbog                                                                                               | CVR Management Extract *(optional: Serviceattest)*                                                                           | *Any one of:* Bestyrelsesresolution · Fuldmagt                                 | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement | CVR Extract (Active Status) *(optional: Serviceattest)*                                                                                           |
| [**United States**](/kyb/countries/united-states) | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation · Articles of Organization · Certificate of Formation | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation · Articles of Organization · Certificate of Formation | EIN Confirmation Letter                                                       | *Any one of:* State Business License · Local Business License · Fictitious Business Name Statement | *Any one of:* SEC · FinCEN · OCC · FDIC · FRB · NCUA · CFPB · CFTC · NAIC · state insurance · NYDFS · state MSB licensing · FINRA Registration                                                                                                                                  | *Any one of:* Stock Ledger · Capitalization Table                                                     | *Required:* (Any one of: Statement of Information · Annual Report · Biennial Statement · Public Information Report) + Bylaws | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Unanimous Written Consent · Power of Attorney | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                      |

### Asia (West, South & Central)

| Country                                                         | Legal Registration                                                             | Constitutive Documents                                              | Tax Registration                                                                         | Operating Permit                                                  | Sector-Specific License                                                                                                                              | Ownership Records                                                             | Governance Records                                                                                       | Signing Authority                                                           | Address                                                                                       | Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [**Armenia**](/kyb/countries/armenia)                           | *All required:* State Registration Certificate + e-register.moj.am extract     | Charter                                                             | TIN Certificate                                                                          | None — Armenia has no general municipal business-activity licence | CBA license                                                                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Participant Register · Share Register                           | *All required:* Charter + Director Appointment Decision                                                  | Notarized Power of Attorney (Liazorагir)                                    | *Any one of:* Վարձակալության պայմանագիր · Կոմունալ վճարման անդորրագիր · Բանկային քաղվածք      | None — e-register.moj.am extract (on-demand) confirms current active status                                                                                                                                         |
| [**Azerbaijan**](/kyb/countries/azerbaijan)                     | State Registry Extract                                                         | *All required:* Charter + Founders' Agreement                       | VÖEN Certificate                                                                         | License under Law on Licenses and Permits                         | CBAR License                                                                                                                                         | State Registry Extract                                                        | State Registry Extract                                                                                   | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarized Power of Attorney                | *Any one of:* İcarə müqaviləsi · Kommunal qəbz · Bank ekstresi                                | None — fresh Çıxarış (State Registry Extract) serves as good-standing evidence                                                                                                                                      |
| [**Bahrain**](/kyb/countries/bahrain)                           | Commercial Registration (CR) Certificate                                       | *Any one of:* Memorandum of Association · Company Constitution      | VAT Registration Certificate                                                             | Municipal Licence                                                 | CBB Licence                                                                                                                                          | CR Extract                                                                    | *Any one of:* CR Extract · Memorandum of Association                                                     | *All required:* Board Resolution + Notarised Power of Attorney              | *Any one of:* RERA-Registered Tenancy Contract · EWA Bill · كشف حساب بنكي                     | None — Commercial Registration (CR) Certificate is renewed annually and reflects current active status                                                                                                              |
| [**Bangladesh**](/kyb/countries/bangladesh)                     | Certificate of Incorporation                                                   | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association | *All required:* e-TIN Certificate + BIN Certificate                                      | Trade License                                                     | *Any one of:* Bangladesh Bank licence · BSEC registration · IDRA licence                                                                             | *All required:* Schedule X Annual Return + Company Share Register             | Form XII                                                                                                 | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 | None — RJSC does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                                                           |
| [**Bhutan**](/kyb/countries/bhutan)                             | Certificate of Incorporation                                                   | Articles of Incorporation                                           | TPN Certificate                                                                          | *Any one of:* Trade License · Industry License                    | RMA License                                                                                                                                          | Register of Members                                                           | Register of Directors                                                                                    | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 | None — CRA company status extract reflects current active status under the Companies Act 2016                                                                                                                       |
| [**Cyprus**](/kyb/countries/cyprus)                             | Certificate of Incorporation                                                   | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                | TIC Certificate                                                                          | Municipal Business Permit                                         | *Any one of:* CBC authorization · CySEC license · ICCS authorization                                                                                 | *All required:* Annual Return + Share Register                                | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback)    | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Μισθωτήριο · Λογαριασμός κοινής ωφελείας · Τραπεζική κατάσταση                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| [**Georgia**](/kyb/countries/georgia)                           | Extract from Entrepreneurs Register                                            | *Any one of:* Charter · Foundation Agreement                        | Tax Registration Certificate                                                             | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area   | NBG License                                                                                                                                          | NAPR Register Extract                                                         | NAPR Register Extract                                                                                    | Board Resolution (ოქმი)                                                     | *Any one of:* ქირავნობის ხელშეკრულება · კომუნალური ქვითარი · საბანკო ამონაწერი                | None — dated NAPR extract serves as good-standing proof                                                                                                                                                             |
| [**India**](/kyb/countries/india)                               | Certificate of Incorporation                                                   | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association | PAN Certificate                                                                          | Shops & Establishments Certificate                                | RBI Authorisation                                                                                                                                    | Register of Members                                                           | *All required:* Form DIR-12 + MCA21 Director Master Data                                                 | *All required:* Board Resolution + Notarised Power of Attorney              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 | None — MCA Master Data Active status reflects good-standing evidence                                                                                                                                                |
| [**Iraq**](/kyb/countries/iraq)                                 | Certificate of Company Registration                                            | Memorandum and Articles of Association                              | Tax Registration Certificate                                                             | Municipal Trade License                                           | *Any one of:* CBI License · ISC License                                                                                                              | Shareholders Register                                                         | *Any one of:* Managing Director Appointment Record · Board Register                                      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarised Power of Attorney                | *Any one of:* عقد إيجار · فاتورة خدمات · كشف حساب بنكي                                        | None — recently-dated Certificate of Company Registration subsumes good-standing evidence                                                                                                                           |
| [**Israel**](/kyb/countries/israel)                             | Teudat Hit'asedut                                                              | Takanon                                                             | *All required:* Ishur Nirshum Mas + VAT Registration Certificate (Osek Murshe)           | Rishyon Isuk                                                      | *Any one of:* Bank of Israel License · ISA License · CMISA License                                                                                   | Nusach Rasham HaHavarot                                                       | Nusach Rasham HaHavarot                                                                                  | Board Resolution (Hachlata Direktorion)                                     | *Any one of:* חוזה שכירות · חשבון חשמל / מים · דף חשבון בנק                                   | None — dated Nusach Rasham HaHavarot extract serves as evidence of current active standing                                                                                                                          |
| [**Jordan**](/kyb/countries/jordan)                             | Commercial Registration Certificate                                            | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                | Tax Registration Certificate                                                             | Vocational License                                                | *Any one of:* CBJ License · JSC License · Insurance License                                                                                          | CCD Company Extract                                                           | *Any one of:* CCD Extract — Management Committee · Board of Directors List                               | Board Resolution or Notarized Power of Attorney                             | *Any one of:* عقد إيجار · فاتورة خدمات · كشف حساب بنكي                                        | None — annually-renewed Commercial Registration Certificate subsumes good-standing evidence                                                                                                                         |
| [**Kazakhstan**](/kyb/countries/kazakhstan)                     | Certificate of State Registration                                              | *All required:* Ustav + Founding Agreement                          | *Any one of:* BIN Certificate · SRC Taxpayer Print-Out                                   | None — Kazakhstan does not issue a general operating licence      | *Any one of:* NBK license · ARDFM license · AFSA License                                                                                             | *Any one of:* Participants Register TOO · Share Register AO                   | *All required:* Charter + Director Appointment Order + Executive Body Appointment                        | Board Resolution (Протокол)                                                 | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета | Anyqtama (Справка о зарегистрированном юридическом лице)                                                                                                                                                            |
| [**Kuwait**](/kyb/countries/kuwait)                             | Commercial Registration Certificate                                            | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                | Tax Registration Certificate                                                             | Commercial License                                                | *Any one of:* CBK Sector License · CMA License · IRU License                                                                                         | Shareholders Register                                                         | Register of Directors/Managers                                                                           | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Sahel Tenancy Contract · MEW Bill · Bank Statement                              | None — current MOCI Commercial Registration Certificate subsumes good-standing evidence                                                                                                                             |
| [**Kyrgyzstan**](/kyb/countries/kyrgyzstan)                     | Certificate of State Registration                                              | *All required:* Charter + Founders Agreement                        | INN Certificate                                                                          | Activity License (Лицензия на осуществление деятельности)         | NBKR Banking/Payments License                                                                                                                        | Registry Extract (Выписка из реестра)                                         | *Any one of:* Registry Extract (Выписка из реестра) showing director · Executive Body Appointment Record | Notarized Power of Attorney (Нотариально заверенная доверенность)           | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета | None — current Ministry of Justice register extract subsumes good-standing evidence                                                                                                                                 |
| [**Lebanon**](/kyb/countries/lebanon)                           | Commercial Register Extract                                                    | *Any one of:* Articles of Association · Acte constitutif            | Tax Registration Certificate                                                             | Municipal Establishment Permit                                    | *Any one of:* BDL License · CMA License · ICC License                                                                                                | Commercial Register Extract                                                   | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback)    | Board Resolution (Procès-verbal)                                            | *Any one of:* عقد إيجار · فاتورة خدمات · كشف حساب بنكي                                        | None — a freshly dated Commercial Register Extract (Extrait du Registre de Commerce, within 3 months) serves as proof of active registration under Lebanese law; no separate certificate of good standing is issued |
| [**Maldives**](/kyb/countries/maldives)                         | Certificate of Registration                                                    | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association | MIRA TIN Certificate                                                                     | Business Permit                                                   | MMA Licence                                                                                                                                          | Register of Members                                                           | Register of Directors                                                                                    | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 | None — Maldives Registrar of Companies does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                                |
| [**Nepal**](/kyb/countries/nepal)                               | Company Registration Certificate                                               | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association | PAN Certificate                                                                          | Business Operating Certificate                                    | *Any one of:* NRB license · NIA license · SEBON license                                                                                              | Share Register                                                                | Directors Register                                                                                       | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 | None — OCR does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                                                            |
| [**Oman**](/kyb/countries/oman)                                 | Commercial Registration Certificate                                            | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                | Tax Registration Certificate                                                             | Municipality (Baladiya) License                                   | *Any one of:* CBO Sector License · CMA License · OPAZ License                                                                                        | CR Shareholders Extract                                                       | *Any one of:* CR Extract — Managers · Register of Directors                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Notarized Power of Attorney                | *Any one of:* Tenancy Contract · MEW / Diam Bill · Bank Statement                             | None — current MoCIIP Commercial Registration Certificate subsumes good-standing evidence                                                                                                                           |
| [**Pakistan**](/kyb/countries/pakistan)                         | Certificate of Incorporation                                                   | *All required:* Memorandum of Association + Articles of Association | NTN Certificate                                                                          | Trade License                                                     | *Any one of:* SBP license · SECP license · PTA license                                                                                               | Form-A                                                                        | Form 9                                                                                                   | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 | None (no CoGS equivalent issued by SECP)                                                                                                                                                                            |
| [**Palestine**](/kyb/countries/palestine)                       | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Merchant Registration Certificate | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                | Tax Registration Certificate                                                             | Professional Trade Permit                                         | *Any one of:* Palestine Monetary Authority License · Palestine Capital Market Authority License                                                      | *Any one of:* Shareholders Register · MNE Company Extract                     | MNE Company Extract — Management                                                                         | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                          | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 | None — distinct certificate of good standing — active status evidenced by current MNE extract                                                                                                                       |
| [**Qatar**](/kyb/countries/qatar)                               | Commercial Registration Certificate (CRC) — MoCI                               | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                | *Any one of:* Tax Registration Certificate · Tax Identification Number Certificate — GTA | Municipal Trade License                                           | *Any one of:* QCB licence · QFMA licence · QFCRA Authorisation                                                                                       | MoA shareholder schedule                                                      | Manager/Director List (CR Extract or MoA)                                                                | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Attested Tenancy Contract · Kahramaa Bill · كشف حساب بنكي                       | None — current CR Certificate (MoCI) doubles as good-standing evidence                                                                                                                                              |
| [**Saudi Arabia**](/kyb/countries/saudi-arabia)                 | CR Certificate                                                                 | *Any one of:* Aqd Ta'sis · Nizam Asasi                              | ZATCA TIN Certificate                                                                    | Baladiyah Commercial Licence                                      | *Any one of:* SAMA licence · IA licence · CMA licence · CST licence · MISA Registration                                                              | *Any one of:* Aqd Ta'sis · Nizam Asasi                                        | *Any one of:* CR Extract · Aqd Ta'sis · Nizam Asasi · Board Filings                                      | Wakala (Notarised Power of Attorney)                                        | *Any one of:* Ejar Tenancy Contract · SEC / NWC Bill · كشف حساب بنكي                          | None — Saudi Arabia does not issue a separate Certificate of Good Standing; a dated CR Extract (مستخرج السجل التجاري) from MoC / SBC serves this purpose                                                            |
| [**Sri Lanka**](/kyb/countries/sri-lanka)                       | Certificate of Incorporation                                                   | Articles of Association                                             | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Certificate                                          | Trade License                                                     | None — regulators vary by sector and are not collected as a general KYB document — applicable only when your customer operates in a regulated sector | Shareholder Register                                                          | *Any one of:* Directors Register · Form 1 Extract (Director Particulars)                                 | Board Resolution or Notarially Attested Power of Attorney                   | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                                 | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| [**Tajikistan**](/kyb/countries/tajikistan)                     | State Registration Certificate                                                 | Устав                                                               | TIN Certificate                                                                          | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area   | NBT License                                                                                                                                          | *All required:* Shareholders list in Charter + Unified State Register Extract | Charter and Registry Extract (Directors Section)                                                         | Notarised Power of Attorney (Доверенность, нотариально заверенная)          | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета | None — Tajikistan's Tax Committee does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                                     |
| [**Turkey**](/kyb/countries/turkey)                             | Ticaret Sicil Tasdiknamesi                                                     | *Any one of:* Ana Sözleşme · Şirket Sözleşmesi                      | Vergi Levhası                                                                            | İşyeri Açma ve Çalışma Ruhsatı                                    | *Any one of:* Sector-specific license from BDDK · SPK License · SEDDK License · TCMB License                                                         | *Any one of:* Ortaklar Defteri · Pay Defteri                                  | *Any one of:* Yönetim Kurulu Üyeleri Listesi · Müdürler Listesi · Ticaret Sicil Tasdiknamesi             | *Any one of:* İmza Sirküleri · Yönetim Kurulu Kararı · Müdür Kararı         | *Any one of:* Kira Sözleşmesi · Fatura (elektrik/su/doğalgaz) · Banka Hesap Ekstresi          | None — subsumed by Ticaret Sicil Tasdiknamesi                                                                                                                                                                       |
| [**Turkmenistan**](/kyb/countries/turkmenistan)                 | State Registration Certificate                                                 | *Any one of:* Charter · Ustav                                       | TIN Certificate                                                                          | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area   | *Any one of:* Sector License issued by CBT · MFE Insurance License · Oil & Gas Sector License (oilgas.gov.tm)                                        | *All required:* Shareholder list in Charter + Unified State Register Extract  | *Any one of:* Director list in Registry Extract · Charter                                                | Board Resolution                                                            | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета | None — Turkmenistan's MFE does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing accessible to third parties                                                                                                                 |
| [**United Arab Emirates**](/kyb/countries/united-arab-emirates) | Trade Licence (Rukhsa Tijariya)                                                | Memorandum of Association                                           | TRN Certificate                                                                          | Trade Licence (Rukhsa Tijariya)                                   | CBUAE Licence                                                                                                                                        | Shareholders Register                                                         | MoA or MoE Extract (Managers/Directors Section)                                                          | *All required:* Power of Attorney (Wakala) + Arabic Translation (Certified) | *Any one of:* Ejari Tenancy Contract · DEWA / ADDC Bill · كشف حساب بنكي                       | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| [**Uzbekistan**](/kyb/countries/uzbekistan)                     | Davlat ro'yxatiga olish guvohnomasi                                            | *All required:* Nizom + Ta'sis shartnomasi                          | *Any one of:* INN Certificate · STIR Certificate                                         | None — no jurisdiction-standard artifact for this evidence area   | *Any one of:* CBU license · NAPP license · NAPP                                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Participants Register MChJ · Share Register AJ                  | *All required:* Charter + Director Appointment Order (MChJ) + Executive Body Appointment Order           | Board Resolution (Qaror)                                                    | *Any one of:* Договор аренды · Квитанция за коммунальные услуги · Выписка с банковского счета | None — fresh State Registration Certificate (my.gov.uz) serves as good-standing evidence                                                                                                                            |

### Asia-Pacific

| Country                                                                   | Legal Registration                                                                                                                                              | Constitutive Documents                                                                               | Tax Registration                                                                             | Operating Permit                                                                | Sector-Specific License                                                                                                                                                                         | Ownership Records                                                                                              | Governance Records                                                                                    | Signing Authority                                                               | Address                                                                        | Good Standing                                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [**American Samoa**](/kyb/countries/american-samoa)                       | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Organization · Certificate of Limited Partnership *(optional: Foreign Corporation Permit)*          | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Corporate By-laws *(optional: Operating Agreement)*        | EIN Confirmation Letter *(optional: Tax Exemption Certificate)*                              | Business License                                                                | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · Money Services Business Certification                                                                                                                           | Stock Book                                                                                                     | *Any one of:* Register of Directors and Officers · Annual Report (Director Extract)                   | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Australia**](/kyb/countries/australia)                                 | *Any one of:* Certificate of Registration of a Company · ASIC Current Company Extract                                                                           | *Any one of:* Company Constitution · Memorandum and Articles of Association                          | *Any one of:* ABN Confirmation · GST Registration Confirmation                               | None — no general operating licence                                             | *Any one of:* Australian Financial Services Licence · Australian Credit Licence · ADI Authorisation · AUSTRAC Enrolment Confirmation                                                            | Register of Members                                                                                            | ASIC Current Company Extract                                                                          | *Any one of:* Directors Resolution · Power of Attorney                          | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · ASIC Current Company Extract                         |
| [**Brunei Darussalam**](/kyb/countries/brunei)                            | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                    | Memorandum & Articles of Association                                                                 | *Any one of:* Tax Registration · Revenue Division Acknowledgment                             | Business Licence                                                                | BDCB Licence                                                                                                                                                                                    | Register of Members                                                                                            | Register of Directors                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Tenancy Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                | None — ROCBN company search report / extract reflects current registered status                   |
| [**Cambodia**](/kyb/countries/cambodia)                                   | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                    | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                                               | *All required:* Patent Tax Certificate + VAT Certificate                                     | Location Approval Letter                                                        | *Any one of:* NBC licence · SERC licence · IRC licence                                                                                                                                          | Internal Share Register                                                                                        | *All required:* Certificate of Incorporation extract + MOC online profile                             | Board Resolution                                                                | *Any one of:* កិច្ចសន្យាជួល · វិក្កយបត្រសេវាសាធារណៈ · របាយការណ៍ធនាគារ          | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**China (People's Republic of China — Mainland)**](/kyb/countries/china) | 营业执照                                                                                                                                                            | 公司章程                                                                                                 | *All required:* Unified Social Credit Code (USCC) Registration + STA Tax Registration Record | None — no jurisdiction-specific document in this country                        | *Any one of:* Sector-specific: PBoC payment institution licence · NFRA banking · insurance licence · CSRC securities licence · CAC ICP · 网络安全 licence · MIIT VATS licence                       | NECIPS Extract                                                                                                 | NECIPS/GSXT extract                                                                                   | *All required:* 董事会决议 + 公章 (Company Chop)                                       | *Any one of:* 租赁合同 · 水电费账单 · 银行对账单                                             | None — SAMR / AMR does not issue a Certificate of Good Standing                                   |
| [**Cook Islands**](/kyb/countries/cook-islands)                           | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Company Search Report)*                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Company Constitution · LLC Agreement          | Tax Registration Confirmation *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)*                     | None — no general business operating licence                                    | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · Trustee Company Licence · Money-Changing and Remittance Licence · Insurance Licence                                                                             | Register of Members                                                                                            | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · Certificate of Incumbency                                       | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Fiji**](/kyb/countries/fiji)                                           | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration of Foreign Company)*                                                                       | Articles of Association                                                                              | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Registration Certificate                                 | None — general business licensing abolished                                     | *Any one of:* RBF Banking Licence · RBF Insurance Licence · RBF Capital Markets Licence · RBF Payment Service Provider Licence · RBF Foreign Exchange Dealer Licence                            | Register of Members                                                                                            | Register of Directors and Secretaries *(optional: ROC Company Extract)*                               | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Guam**](/kyb/countries/guam)                                           | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Organization · Certificate of Limited Partnership *(optional: Certificate of Authority)*            | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Articles of Organization *(optional: Operating Agreement)* | *Any one of:* EIN Confirmation Letter · Guam Business License                                | Guam Business License                                                           | *Any one of:* Banking Institution Licence · Foreign Exchange / Money Transmitter Licence · Insurance Company Licence · Securities Dealer / Broker Licence                                       | Register of Shareholders                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Register of Directors and Officers · Sworn Annual Report                                | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Hong Kong**](/kyb/countries/hong-kong)                                 | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                    | Articles of Association *(optional: Memorandum and Articles of Association)*                         | Business Registration Certificate                                                            | None                                                                            | *Any one of:* HKMA Banking Licence · HKMA Stored Value Facility Licence · Money Service Operator Licence · SFC Licence · Insurance Authority Authorisation                                      | Register of Members *(optional: Significant Controllers Register)*                                             | *All required:* Register of Directors + Companies Registry Extract                                    | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Continuing Registration                                                            |
| [**Indonesia**](/kyb/countries/indonesia)                                 | *All required:* SK Kemenkumham + NIB                                                                                                                            | Akta Pendirian                                                                                       | Kartu NPWP                                                                                   | NIB                                                                             | *Any one of:* OJK licence · BI licence · PPATK registration                                                                                                                                     | Daftar Pemegang Saham                                                                                          | *All required:* Akta Pendirian + AHU extract                                                          | Surat Kuasa Notarial                                                            | *Any one of:* Perjanjian Sewa · Tagihan Utilitas · Rekening Koran              | None — AHU Online company profile + re-downloaded NIB subsume good-standing evidence              |
| [**Japan**](/kyb/countries/japan)                                         | Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho                                                                                                                                             | Teikan                                                                                               | Hōjin Bangō Certificate                                                                      | None                                                                            | *All required:* FSA Banking Licence + FSA Payment Services Act Registration + FSA Financial Instruments Business Operator Registration + FSA Insurance Business Licence + PPC APPI Registration | Kabunushi Meibo                                                                                                | Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho                                                                                   | *All required:* Inkan Shōmeisho + Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho                           | *Any one of:* 賃貸借契約書 · 公共料金請求書 · 銀行明細書                                         | None — Tōki-jikō Shōmeisho (履歴事項全部証明書) reflects current registered matters                        |
| [**Kiribati**](/kyb/countries/kiribati)                                   | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Foreign Investment Certificate)*                                                                                       | Memorandum and Articles of Association                                                               | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Registration Certificate                                 | Business/Operational Licence                                                    | *Any one of:* KFSA Licence · KIFA Licence                                                                                                                                                       | Register of Members                                                                                            | Register of Directors                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Laos**](/kyb/countries/laos)                                           | Enterprise Registration Certificate                                                                                                                             | Company Charter                                                                                      | TIN embedded in Enterprise Registration Certificate                                          | Business Operating License                                                      | *Any one of:* BOL licence · LSC licence · MoF licence · BOL · LSC · MoF · AMLIO                                                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Shareholder list in Company Charter · Enterprise Registration Certificate (shareholders section) | Director list in Enterprise Registration Certificate                                                  | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Shareholders' Resolution                       | *Any one of:* ສັນຍາເຊົ່າ · ໃບແຈ້ງຄ່າສາທາລະນຸປະໂພກ · ໃບແຈ້ງຍອດທະນາຄານ           | None — current ERMD Enterprise Registration Certificate subsumes good-standing evidence           |
| [**Macao**](/kyb/countries/macao)                                         | Certidão de Registo Comercial                                                                                                                                   | Pacto Social                                                                                         | DSF Tax Registration Document                                                                | None — licença Industrial (Industrial Licence) — sector-specific, not universal | *Any one of:* AMCM Banking Licence · AMCM Insurance Licence · AMCM Payment Services Authorisation · Gaming Concession / Sub-concession                                                          | *Any one of:* Livro de Registo de Quotas · Registo de Accionistas                                              | Certidão de Registo Comercial                                                                         | *Any one of:* Deliberação dos Sócios · Procuração                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certidão Permanente de Registo Comercial                                                          |
| [**Malaysia**](/kyb/countries/malaysia)                                   | SSM Company Profile                                                                                                                                             | Company Constitution                                                                                 | LHDN TIN Registration                                                                        | Business Premise Licence                                                        | *Any one of:* BNM licence · SC licence · Labuan FSA licence                                                                                                                                     | SSM Company Profile                                                                                            | SSM Company Profile                                                                                   | Board Resolution                                                                | *Any one of:* Tenancy Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                | Perakuan Taraf Syarikat Baik                                                                      |
| [**Marshall Islands**](/kyb/countries/marshall-islands)                   | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Formation                                                                                           | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · LLC Operating Agreement                                    | EIN Certificate                                                                              | Foreign Investment Business License                                             | *Any one of:* Marshall Islands Monetary Authority Licence · Insurance Licence                                                                                                                   | Register of Members                                                                                            | Register of Directors and Officers                                                                    | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Micronesia**](/kyb/countries/micronesia)                               | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                    | Articles of Incorporation *(optional: Corporate Bylaws)*                                             | Tax Registration Confirmation                                                                | State Business Licence *(optional: Foreign Investment Permit)*                  | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · Certificate of Authority *(optional: Insurance Licence)*                                                                                                        | *Any one of:* Register of Shareholders · Annual Report to Registrar                                            | Annual Report to Registrar                                                                            | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Mongolia**](/kyb/countries/mongolia)                                   | Улсын бүртгэлийн гэрчилгээ                                                                                                                                      | Дүрэм                                                                                                | Татвар төлөгчийн гэрчилгээ                                                                   | Тусгай зөвшөөрөл — ерөнхий                                                      | Тусгай зөвшөөрөл — тусгай                                                                                                                                                                       | Хувьцаа эзэмшигчдийн бүртгэл                                                                                   | GASR лавлагаа — захирал / ТУЗ                                                                         | *Any one of:* Тогтоол · Итгэмжлэл                                               | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | None — current GASR лавлагаа (state registration extract) subsumes good-standing evidence         |
| [**Nauru**](/kyb/countries/nauru)                                         | *Required:* (Any one of: Certificate of Registration of Partnership · Certificate of Registration of Trust) + Certificate of Incorporation                      | *All required:* Memorandum & Articles of Association + Partnership Agreement                         | TIN Certificate                                                                              | Business Licence                                                                | *Any one of:* Banking Licence · Virtual Asset Service Provider Registration                                                                                                                     | *All required:* Register of Members + Annual Return                                                            | *All required:* Register of Directors + Annual Return                                                 | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**New Zealand**](/kyb/countries/new-zealand)                             | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Company Extract                                                                                                    | Company Constitution                                                                                 | *Any one of:* IRD Number Confirmation · GST Registration Confirmation                        | None — no general operating licence                                             | *Any one of:* Financial Service Provider Registration · FMA Licence · RBNZ Registration or Licence                                                                                              | Share Register                                                                                                 | Company Extract                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Directors Resolution · Power of Attorney                          | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | *Any one of:* Company Search Report · Certificate of Good Standing                                |
| [**Northern Mariana Islands**](/kyb/countries/northern-mariana-islands)   | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Organization · Certificate of Limited Partnership *(optional: Certificate of Authority)*            | *Any one of:* Articles of Incorporation · Bylaws *(optional: Operating Agreement)*                   | Business License                                                                             | Business License                                                                | *Any one of:* Commercial Bank Charter · Remittance Dealer Licence · Finance Company Licence · Broker-Dealer Licence                                                                             | Register of Shareholders                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Register of Directors and Officers · Annual Report                                      | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Utility Bill · Bank Statement · Lease Agreement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Palau**](/kyb/countries/palau)                                         | *Required:* Certificate of Incorporation + Certificate of Registration as Foreign Corporation *(optional: Certificate of Re-Registration)*                      | Articles of Incorporation                                                                            | *Required:* TIN Certificate + Business Licence *(optional: PGST Registration Certificate)*   | Foreign Investment Approval Certificate                                         | FIC Financial Institution Licence                                                                                                                                                               | Registry Shareholders Extract                                                                                  | Registry Directors Extract                                                                            | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Papua New Guinea**](/kyb/countries/papua-new-guinea)                   | Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                    | Company Constitution                                                                                 | TIN Certificate                                                                              | Local Business Permit                                                           | *Any one of:* BPNG licence · SCPNG licence                                                                                                                                                      | IPA Annual Return                                                                                              | IPA Annual Return                                                                                     | Board Resolution                                                                | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Philippines**](/kyb/countries/philippines)                             | SEC Certificate of Incorporation                                                                                                                                | *All required:* Articles of Incorporation + By-Laws                                                  | BIR Certificate of Registration                                                              | *Any one of:* Mayor's Permit · Business Permit                                  | *Any one of:* BSP Certificate of Authority · License to Operate                                                                                                                                 | GIS — Stockholders section                                                                                     | GIS — Directors and Officers section                                                                  | *All required:* Secretary's Certificate + Board Resolution                      | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | SEC Certificate of Good Standing                                                                  |
| [**Samoa**](/kyb/countries/samoa)                                         | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Incorporation (International Company) *(optional: Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company)* | *Any one of:* Company Constitution · Memorandum & Articles of Association (International Company)    | *Any one of:* Business Licence Certificate · VAGST Registration Certificate                  | Business Licence Certificate                                                    | *Any one of:* CBS Banking Licence · CBS Insurance Licence · CBS Money Transfer Operator Licence · SIFA Financial Services Licence                                                               | Register of Members                                                                                            | Register of Directors *(optional: MCIL Company Extract)*                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | *Any one of:* Certificate of Good Standing · Certificate of Good Standing (International Company) |
| [**Singapore**](/kyb/countries/singapore)                                 | ACRA Business Profile                                                                                                                                           | Constitution of the Company                                                                          | GST Registration Certificate                                                                 | None                                                                            | *Any one of:* MAS licence · SGX membership · IMDA licence                                                                                                                                       | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback)          | *All required:* ACRA Business Profile + Central ROND                                                  | Directors' Resolution                                                           | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Solomon Islands**](/kyb/countries/solomon-islands)                     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company)*                                                                      | Company Rules *(optional: Memorandum and Articles of Association)*                                   | TIN Registration Certificate                                                                 | Business Licence                                                                | *Any one of:* CBSI Banking Licence · CBSI Insurance Licence · CBSI Foreign Exchange Dealer Licence · CBSI Payment Service Provider Licence                                                      | Register of Members                                                                                            | Register of Directors *(optional: Company Haus Registry Extract)*                                     | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Current Standing                                                                   |
| [**South Korea**](/kyb/countries/south-korea)                             | 등기사항전부증명서                                                                                                                                                       | 정관                                                                                                   | 사업자등록증                                                                                       | None — no jurisdiction-specific document in this country                        | *Any one of:* FSC/FSS license · BoK payment institution registration · KRX member approval                                                                                                      | 주주명부                                                                                                           | None — no jurisdiction-specific document; collect a company-produced equivalent (see policy fallback) | *All required:* 이사회 의사록 + 법인인감증명서                                               | *Any one of:* 임대차계약서 · 공공요금 청구서 · 은행 거래내역서                                     | None — 등기사항전부증명서 (Corporate Registry Extract) serves as standing proof                            |
| [**Taiwan**](/kyb/countries/taiwan)                                       | 設立登記表                                                                                                                                                           | 章程                                                                                                   | 統一編號稅籍資料                                                                                     | *Any one of:* 營業許可證 · 商業登記證                                                     | FSC License                                                                                                                                                                                     | *All required:* 股東名冊 + MOEA Art. 22-1 annual declaration                                                       | *Any one of:* 董事名冊 · 董監事名冊                                                                            | 董事會決議 (Board Resolution)                                                        | *Any one of:* 租賃契約 · 電費單 · 銀行對帳單                                               | None — MOEA 設立登記表 (GCIS extract) subsumes good-standing evidence                                  |
| [**Thailand**](/kyb/countries/thailand)                                   | หนังสือรับรอง                                                                                                                                                   | *All required:* หนังสือบริคณห์สนธิ + ข้อบังคับ                                                       | *Any one of:* TIN Certificate · VAT Certificate ภ.พ.20                                       | ใบอนุญาตประกอบธุรกิจ                                                            | *Any one of:* BoT licence · SEC TH licence · OIC licence                                                                                                                                        | บัญชีรายชื่อผู้ถือหุ้น                                                                                         | *All required:* หนังสือรับรอง + Director Appointment Minutes                                          | *Any one of:* มติที่ประชุมคณะกรรมการ · หนังสือมอบอำนาจ                          | *Any one of:* สัญญาเช่า · ใบแจ้งหนี้ค่าสาธารณูปโภค · รายการเดินบัญชี           | None — DBD หนังสือรับรอง (Company Affidavit) subsumes good-standing evidence                      |
| [**Timor-Leste**](/kyb/countries/timor-leste)                             | Certidão de Registo Comercial                                                                                                                                   | *Any one of:* Estatutos · Acta de Constituição                                                       | Certificado de NIF                                                                           | Licença de Exercício de Actividade                                              | BCTL Licence                                                                                                                                                                                    | *Any one of:* Lista de Sócios · Registo de Accionistas                                                         | *Any one of:* Registo de Gerentes · Registo do Conselho de Administração                              | *Any one of:* Deliberação dos Sócios · Deliberação do Conselho de Administração | *Any one of:* Contrato de Arrendamento · Recibo de Serviços · Extrato Bancário | None — Certidão de Registo Comercial (SERVE I.P.) subsumes good-standing evidence                 |
| [**Tonga**](/kyb/countries/tonga)                                         | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration of Overseas Company)*                                                                      | Company Constitution                                                                                 | TIN Certificate *(optional: Consumption Tax Registration Certificate)*                       | Business Licence                                                                | *Any one of:* NRBT Banking Licence · NRBT Financial Institution Licence · NRBT Insurance Licence                                                                                                | *Any one of:* Register of Members · Annual Return                                                              | *Any one of:* Register of Directors · Annual Return                                                   | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Tuvalu**](/kyb/countries/tuvalu)                                       | *Any one of:* Certificate of Incorporation · Certificate of Registration                                                                                        | Memorandum and Articles of Association *(optional: Partnership Agreement)*                           | Business Registration Certificate                                                            | Business Operational Licence                                                    | Banking Licence                                                                                                                                                                                 | *Any one of:* Register of Members · Register of Shares                                                         | Register of Directors *(optional: Registered Directors List)*                                         | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Vanuatu**](/kyb/countries/vanuatu)                                     | Certificate of Incorporation *(optional: Certificate of Registration)*                                                                                          | *Any one of:* Memorandum and Articles of Association · Company Constitution                          | Business Licence *(optional: VAT Registration Certificate)*                                  | Business Licence                                                                | *Any one of:* VFSC Financial Dealers Licence · RBV Banking Licence · VFSC International Banking Licence *(optional: VFSC Virtual Asset Services Provider Licence)*                              | Register of Members                                                                                            | Register of Directors *(optional: VFSC Company Extract)*                                              | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Power of Attorney                              | *Any one of:* Lease Agreement · Utility Bill · Bank Statement                  | Certificate of Good Standing                                                                      |
| [**Vietnam**](/kyb/countries/vietnam)                                     | Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký doanh nghiệp                                                                                                                            | Điều lệ công ty                                                                                      | *Any one of:* Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký thuế · MST confirmation                                | Giấy phép kinh doanh                                                            | *Any one of:* SBV License · SSC License · MoF/ISA License                                                                                                                                       | *Any one of:* Danh sách Thành Viên · Danh sách Cổ đông Sáng lập                                                | *Any one of:* Danh sách thành viên HĐQT · HĐTV và người đại diện theo pháp luật                       | *Any one of:* Nghị quyết · Quyết định Ủy quyền                                  | *Any one of:* Hợp đồng thuê · Hóa đơn dịch vụ · Sao kê ngân hàng               | None — ERC portal printout serves as live-status confirmation                                     |

## How to read this matrix

* Each row is one country. Each column is one of nine universal evidence areas (described in [What You're Verifying](/kyb/document-types)).
* The cell shows the local artifact (or set of artifacts) you'll collect for that area. A `+` joins multiple artifacts that together cover the area (e.g. `Cartão CNPJ + Junta Comercial Reg.`).
* An em-dash (`—`) means the evidence area doesn't apply in that country — no local artifact exists, so nothing needs to be collected.


# KYB Reference
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/kyb/overview

Country-by-country guidance for collecting business documentation when onboarding customers through the Conduit API.

This section is a static country-by-country reference for your compliance team. For the live requirements a given customer must satisfy, call `GET /v2/onboarding/requirements?country=...` — it returns the exact fields and documents to collect for that country and application type.

## How to use this section

1. Read [What You're Verifying](/kyb/document-types) once to understand the evidence areas a KYB onboarding covers. The areas are universal compliance concepts (legal registration, tax registration, ownership records, etc.) — not Conduit-specific vocabulary, and not something you reference in API requests.
2. Use the [Coverage Map](/kyb/map) or [Matrix](/kyb/matrix) to compare across countries at a glance.
3. Jump to the country page for the customer's country for the full deep dive.


# Sandbox cheat sheet
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/cheat-sheet

Every suffix, every magic value, every error, every simulate endpoint on one printable page.

## Hosts and auth

|                    |                                                                                 |
| ------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Sandbox host       | `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial`                                         |
| Production host    | `https://api.conduit.financial`                                                 |
| Auth header        | `x-api-key: ck_sandbox_...` or `ck_live_...`                                    |
| Idempotency header | `idempotency-key: <uuid>` (required on every money-moving POST; 300s cache TTL) |

## Address format

* **EVM**: all-lowercase OR a correct EIP-55 checksum.
* **Tron / Solana**: Base58 verbatim.

The mnemonic suffixes called out in the docs are uppercase for readability; the wire-format addresses are all-lowercase.

## Scenario suffixes

| Suffix     | Chain             | Forces                                                                                    | Observable on                                                                                                                                      |
| ---------- | ----------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `12517C00` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Wallet screening returns elevated risk score (below rejection threshold)                  | Withdrawal proceeds; `status: completed` (elevated-risk classification recorded for audit)                                                         |
| `503CA110` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Travel Rule provider temporarily unavailable                                              | Withdrawal parks in `status: processing` until the Travel Rule provider recovers.                                                                  |
| `5A4070ED` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Wallet screening matches sanctions list                                                   | Withdrawal fails; `status: failed`, `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` (sanctions classification recorded for audit)                        |
| `5A4D4E51` | EVM, Tron, Solana | AML check returns elevated risk (routes as approved at medium threshold)                  | Withdrawal proceeds; `status: completed`                                                                                                           |
| `5A4D4E5A` | EVM, Tron, Solana | AML check flags sanctions match                                                           | Withdrawal fails; `status: failed`, `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` (sanctions classification recorded for audit)                        |
| `5A4D4EAA` | EVM, Tron, Solana | AML check passes (approved)                                                               | Withdrawal proceeds; `status: completed`                                                                                                           |
| `5A4D4EE5` | EVM, Tron, Solana | AML check fails (high-risk rejection)                                                     | Withdrawal fails; `status: failed`, `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`                                                                      |
| `5A4ED0DD` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Travel Rule record created in a non-sendable state                                        | Withdrawal fails pre-broadcast; `status: failed`, `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`                                                              |
| `5A50AB1E` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Wallet screening identifies destination as a known exchange                               | Travel Rule flow triggered; withdrawal proceeds if TR passes                                                                                       |
| `5E1F0577` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Wallet screening identifies destination as self-hosted                                    | Travel Rule skipped; withdrawal proceeds normally                                                                                                  |
| `94000000` | Fiat              | Fiat withdrawal completes successfully                                                    | Withdrawal completed; `status: completed`                                                                                                          |
| `94009001` | Fiat              | Rail policy rejects (amount limit, frequency cap, or recipient restriction)               | Withdrawal fails; `status: failed`, `failureCode: RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`                                                                            |
| `94009002` | Fiat              | Insufficient funds at settlement (funds available at reservation)                         | Withdrawal fails; `status: failed`, `failureCode: INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`                                                                    |
| `94009003` | Fiat              | No viable rail available for the corridor                                                 | Withdrawal fails; `status: failed`, `failureCode: RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`                                                                                |
| `94009004` | Fiat              | Rail provider timeout                                                                     | Withdrawal fails; `status: failed`, `failureCode: RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`                                                                                |
| `95000000` | Fiat              | AML check passes for inbound fiat deposit                                                 | Deposit credited; `status: completed`                                                                                                              |
| `95009001` | Fiat              | AML check fails for inbound fiat deposit                                                  | Deposit frozen; `status: failed`, `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_HOLD`                                                                                   |
| `95009002` | Fiat              | AML check flags sanctions match on inbound fiat deposit                                   | Deposit frozen; `status: failed`, `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_HOLD`                                                                                   |
| `95009003` | Fiat              | AML check returns elevated risk on inbound fiat deposit (routes as approved)              | Deposit credited; `status: completed`                                                                                                              |
| `AC6BC0DE` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Receiving institution acknowledges transfer (informational only)                          | Withdrawal proceeds; `status: completed`                                                                                                           |
| `ACCEEDED` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Receiving institution accepts transfer (informational under FATF Rec. 16)                 | Withdrawal proceeds; `status: completed`                                                                                                           |
| `BAD6A1A4` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Receiving institution rejects transfer                                                    | Pre-broadcast: `status: failed`, `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`. Post-broadcast: withdrawal completes (on-chain transfer cannot be reversed). |
| `BAD7E517` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Travel Rule pre-send validation rejects the transfer                                      | Withdrawal fails pre-broadcast; `status: failed`, `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`                                                              |
| `BAD8CA57` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Broadcast rejected by the chain provider                                                  | Withdrawal fails pre-broadcast; `status: failed`, `failureCode: PROVIDER_REJECTED`                                                                 |
| `D15CCAD0` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Wallet attestation conflict: customer claims self-custody but screening identifies a VASP | Withdrawal fails; `status: failed`, `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`                                                                            |
| `DA171465` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Receiving institution requests additional information; auto-resolves to accepted          | Withdrawal proceeds; Travel Rule row transitions to accepted post-broadcast. `status: completed`                                                   |
| `DE5E11F0` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Deposit parked at sender-info gate; auto-pilot fires deadline                             | Deposit paused; customer clears via `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/deposits/:depositId/simulate/sender-info`                              |
| `DEAA4900` | EVM, Tron, Solana | AML check passes for inbound crypto deposit                                               | Deposit credited; `status: completed`                                                                                                              |
| `DEAA5A4D` | EVM, Tron, Solana | AML check flags sanctions match on inbound crypto deposit                                 | Deposit frozen; `status: failed`, `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_HOLD`                                                                                   |
| `DEAA8157` | EVM, Tron, Solana | AML check returns elevated risk on inbound crypto deposit (routes as approved)            | Deposit credited; `status: completed`                                                                                                              |
| `DEAA8E50` | EVM, Tron, Solana | AML check fails for inbound crypto deposit                                                | Deposit frozen; `status: failed`, `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_HOLD`                                                                                   |
| `DEC11A1D` | EVM, Tron, Solana | Receiving institution declines transfer                                                   | Pre-broadcast: `status: failed`, `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`. Post-broadcast: withdrawal completes.                                        |

## Simulate endpoints

| Endpoint                                                                                      | Drives                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | Body                                                                                                                                                        | Response | Errors                                                                                    |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/applications/:id/simulate/decision`                                         | Application -> APPROVED or REJECTED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | `{ outcome: "approved" \| "rejected", category?, field?, reason? }`                                                                                         | 200      | APPLICATION\_NOT\_FOUND, REJECTION\_CATEGORY\_NOT\_APPLICABLE                             |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/applications/:id/simulate/verification-complete`                            | Verification -> COMPLETED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | `{ outcome: "approved" \| "declined", method?, reason? }`                                                                                                   | 200      | VERIFICATION\_NOT\_FOUND, VERIFICATION\_INVALID\_STATUS                                   |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/virtual-accounts/:virtualAccountId/deposits/simulate` | Creates a new fiat deposit; outcome steers compliance branch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | `{ outcome: "completed" \| "frozen" \| "returned" (default completed), assetAmount, senderInfo?, detectedAt?, externalReference?, reason? }`                | 201      | VALIDATION\_ERROR, NOT\_FOUND                                                             |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/wallets/:walletId/deposits/simulate`                  | Creates a new crypto deposit; outcome steers compliance branch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | `{ outcome: "completed" \| "frozen" \| "returned" (default completed), assetAmount, originator?, sourceAddress, detectedAt?, externalReference?, reason? }` | 201      | VALIDATION\_ERROR, NOT\_FOUND                                                             |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/deposits/:depositId/simulate/sender-info`             | Deposit's sender-info gate -> RESOLVED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | `{ senderInfo }`                                                                                                                                            | 200      | SANDBOX\_SENDER\_INFO\_NOT\_REQUIRED, NOT\_FOUND                                          |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/transactions/:id/simulate/terminal`                                         | Transaction -> COMPLETED or FAILED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | `{ outcome: "completed" \| "failed", utr?, reason? }`                                                                                                       | 200      | SANDBOX\_TRANSACTION\_NOT\_FORCE\_TERMINAL\_READY, RESOURCE\_TERMINAL, NOT\_FOUND         |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/confirm`                                               | Crypto payout -> chain-confirm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | `{ outcome: "completed" \| "failed", txHash?, reason? } (txHash required when outcome="completed")`                                                         | 200      | PAYOUT\_NOT\_FOUND, SANDBOX\_TRANSACTION\_NOT\_FORCE\_TERMINAL\_READY, RESOURCE\_TERMINAL |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/settled`                                               | Fiat payout -> rail settlement                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | `{ outcome: "completed" \| "failed", utr?, reason? }`                                                                                                       | 200      | PAYOUT\_NOT\_FOUND, SANDBOX\_TRANSACTION\_NOT\_FORCE\_TERMINAL\_READY, RESOURCE\_TERMINAL |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook`                                  | Travel-Rule counterparty resolution                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | `{ outcome: "acknowledged" \| "approved" \| "rejected" \| "declined", reason? }`                                                                            | 200      | RESOURCE\_TERMINAL, NOT\_FOUND                                                            |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign`                                                | Non-custodial payout cosign gate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | `{ outcome: "approved" \| "declined", reason? }`                                                                                                            | 200      | PAYOUT\_NOT\_FOUND, RESOURCE\_TERMINAL, NOT\_FOUND                                        |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/broadcast-fail`                                        | Crypto payout -> broadcast failure terminal                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | `{ reason? }`                                                                                                                                               | 200      | RESOURCE\_TERMINAL, NOT\_FOUND                                                            |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate-review-approve`                                        | Payout document review -> APPROVED; payout resumes                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | `{}`                                                                                                                                                        | 200      | PAYOUT\_NOT\_FOUND, RESOURCE\_TERMINAL                                                    |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate-review-reject`                                         | Payout document review -> REJECTED; funds returned                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | `{}`                                                                                                                                                        | 200      | PAYOUT\_NOT\_FOUND, RESOURCE\_TERMINAL                                                    |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate-stamp`                                                 | Records one signer's cosign stamp on a non-custodial payout's quorum; repeats walk the quorum, then the compliance auto-stamp lands once the customer threshold is met                                                                                                                                          | `{ walletSignerId, selection: "APPROVED" \| "REJECTED" }`                                                                                                   | 200      | PAYOUT\_NOT\_FOUND, PAYOUT\_NOT\_IN\_AWAITING\_SIGNATURE, SIGNER\_NOT\_FOUND              |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/wallet-signers/:signerId/mark-enrolled`                                     | Drives a signer from pendingActivation to active without going through the real passkey/OIDC flow; once every roster member is active, the provider account auto-activates and crypto\_wallet.completed fires                                                                                                   | `{}`                                                                                                                                                        | 200      | SIGNER\_NOT\_FOUND                                                                        |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/simulate-reset-claim`                                 | Single-shot reset of a customer's non-custodial claim. Removes every signer, every wallet, and the crypto-wallet feature flag so the next claim-non-custodial starts fresh. Refuses with 409 CLAIM\_RESET\_BLOCKED if open transactions, deposits, or pending signature approvals still reference the customer. | `{}`                                                                                                                                                        | 200      | PROVIDER\_ACCOUNT\_NOT\_FOUND, CLAIM\_RESET\_BLOCKED                                      |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/orders/:id/simulate/rate-lock-expired`                                      | Order -> rate-lock-expired cancellation (about 1s)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | `{}`                                                                                                                                                        | 200      | NOT\_FOUND                                                                                |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed`                                      | Order -> conversion-failed terminal                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | `{ reason? }`                                                                                                                                               | 200      | NOT\_FOUND                                                                                |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/whitelist-recipients/:id/simulate-approve`                                  | Whitelist recipient PENDING\_REVIEW -> REGISTERED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | `{}`                                                                                                                                                        | 200      | WHITELIST\_RECIPIENT\_NOT\_FOUND, WHITELIST\_INVALID\_TRANSITION                          |
| `POST /v2/sandbox/whitelist-recipients/:id/simulate-reject`                                   | Whitelist recipient PENDING\_REVIEW -> REJECTED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | `{}`                                                                                                                                                        | 200      | WHITELIST\_RECIPIENT\_NOT\_FOUND, WHITELIST\_INVALID\_TRANSITION                          |

### Index by entity

| If you have a...                 | You can call...                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| -------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `app_...` (application)          | `POST /v2/sandbox/applications/:id/simulate/decision`, `POST /v2/sandbox/applications/:id/simulate/verification-complete`                                                                                                                                                               |
| `cus_...` (customer)             | none directly; act on the customer's applications and features                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `vac_...` (virtual account)      | `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/virtual-accounts/:virtualAccountId/deposits/simulate`                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `wlt_...` (wallet)               | `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/wallets/:walletId/deposits/simulate`                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `dep_...` (deposit)              | `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:customerId/deposits/:depositId/simulate/sender-info`                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `txn_...` (transaction / payout) | `POST /v2/sandbox/transactions/:id/simulate/terminal`; payouts also: `.../payouts/:id/simulate/confirm`, `.../simulate/settled`, `.../simulate/counterparty-webhook`, `.../simulate/cosign`, `.../simulate/broadcast-fail`, `.../simulate-review-approve`, `.../simulate-review-reject` |
| `ord_...` (order)                | `POST /v2/sandbox/orders/:id/simulate/rate-lock-expired`, `.../simulate/conversion-failed`                                                                                                                                                                                              |

### Index by lifecycle state

**Payouts**

| Payout state                                                | What you can call                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ----------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `pending` (custodial)                                       | nothing yet; the cosign auto-resolves and broadcast begins                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `pending_cosign` (non-custodial)                            | `simulate/cosign {outcome: "approved" \| "declined"}`, or `simulate/counterparty-webhook` to drive a Travel Rule pre-broadcast reject                                                                                               |
| parked at document review (payout created with `documents`) | `simulate-review-approve` to resume the payout, or `simulate-review-reject` to terminate it as `failed` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED` (reserved funds returned). The payout reads as `status: "processing"` while parked. |
| `broadcasting`                                              | `simulate/confirm {outcome: "completed" \| "failed", txHash?}` to drive chain finality (custodial) or `simulate/broadcast-fail` to force-fail                                                                                       |
| `completed` / `failed`                                      | nothing; calls return `409 RESOURCE_TERMINAL`. See [`RESOURCE_TERMINAL` playbook](/errors/resource-terminal).                                                                                                                       |

**Deposits**

| Deposit state                                  | What you can call                          |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| (parked at sender-info gate)                   | `simulate/sender-info`                     |
| terminal (`completed` / `frozen` / `returned`) | nothing; outcome was set at ingestion time |

**Orders**

| Order state                                  | What you can call                                  |
| -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `pending` (rate-lock window open)            | `simulate/rate-lock-expired` (cancels within \~1s) |
| any pre-terminal state with a conversion leg | `simulate/conversion-failed`                       |

**Applications**

| Application state        | What you can call                                                    |
| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `pending`                | `simulate/decision {outcome: "approved" \| "rejected"}`              |
| (with verification gate) | `simulate/verification-complete {outcome: "approved" \| "declined"}` |

### Index by error code

| If you got...                                        | The call that produced it...                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ---------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `RESOURCE_TERMINAL` (409)                            | Any `simulate/*` against a terminal entity. See [playbook](/errors/resource-terminal).                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY` (422) | `simulate/settled` or `simulate/confirm` against a payout parked at the document-review gate (call `simulate-review-approve` first); also `simulate/terminal` with `outcome: "completed"` before a fiat route is selected. See [playbook](/errors/sandbox-transaction-not-force-terminal-ready). |
| `APPLICATION_NOT_FOUND` (404)                        | `simulate/decision` when the application ID does not exist or does not belong to the org.                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `REJECTION_CATEGORY_NOT_APPLICABLE` (422)            | `simulate/decision` with a `category` field on a non-KYB application.                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `VERIFICATION_NOT_FOUND` (404)                       | `simulate/verification-complete` when no pending verification exists for the application.                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `VERIFICATION_INVALID_STATUS` (409)                  | `simulate/verification-complete` when the verification is not in PENDING status.                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `SANDBOX_SENDER_INFO_NOT_REQUIRED` (409)             | `simulate/sender-info` against a deposit not parked at the sender-info gate.                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |

See the [Error catalog](/errors) for the full code list and per-code playbooks.

## Public failure codes

| Code                                  | Terminal state | Channel          | Description                                                                                                                                                                                       | Playbook                                                |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| `CHAIN_BROADCAST_FAILED`              | failed         | webhook + polled | The signed payout could not be broadcast to the chain before reaching finality; no funds left the wallet                                                                                          | [Playbook](/errors#chain-broadcast-failed)              |
| `COMPLIANCE_HOLD`                     | failed         | webhook + polled | Compliance review held the funds; manual remediation required                                                                                                                                     | [Playbook](/errors/compliance-hold)                     |
| `COMPLIANCE_REJECTED`                 | failed         | webhook + polled | A compliance reviewer rejected the payout's supporting documentation; reserved funds were returned (fires transaction.rejected, not transaction.failed)                                           | [Playbook](/errors#compliance-rejected)                 |
| `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`          | failed         | webhook + polled | Transaction rejected in regulatory compliance review; non-retryable                                                                                                                               | [Playbook](/errors/compliance-review-rejected)          |
| `CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED`         | failed         | webhook + polled | The source wallet is missing required custody configuration; the payout could not be signed                                                                                                       | [Playbook](/errors/crypto-wallet-misconfigured)         |
| `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`        | failed         | webhook + polled | Source funds were insufficient at the settlement attempt                                                                                                                                          | [Playbook](/errors/insufficient-funds-at-settle)        |
| `PROVIDER_REJECTED`                   | failed         | webhook + polled | The crypto outbound provider declined the broadcast request before the transaction was submitted to the chain                                                                                     | [Playbook](/errors/provider-rejected)                   |
| `RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`                | failed         | webhook + polled | The receiving rail rejected the payment per its policy                                                                                                                                            | [Playbook](/errors/rail-policy-rejected)                |
| `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`                    | failed         | webhook + polled | The chosen rail was temporarily unavailable                                                                                                                                                       | [Playbook](/errors/rail-unavailable)                    |
| `RETURNED_BY_SENDER`                  | failed         | webhook + polled | The inbound transfer was returned by the originating institution before it could be credited                                                                                                      | [Playbook](/errors/returned-by-sender)                  |
| `ROSTER_CHANGED`                      | failed         | webhook + polled | A signer on the customer's roster was removed (or demoted out of the signing pool) while the payout was awaiting signatures; the half-collected stamps were voided so the fintech can re-initiate | [Playbook](/errors#roster-changed)                      |
| `SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT`                 | failed         | webhook + polled | Sender-information gate expired before resolution                                                                                                                                                 | [Playbook](/errors/sender-info-timeout)                 |
| `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`                | failed         | webhook + polled | Counterparty rejected the Travel Rule request, or Travel Rule validation failed pre-broadcast                                                                                                     | [Playbook](/errors/travel-rule-rejected)                |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`             | failed         | webhook + polled | End user explicitly declined to sign                                                                                                                                                              | [Playbook](/errors/user-signature-declined)             |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER` | failed         | webhook + polled | Custody provider rejected the signature payload                                                                                                                                                   | [Playbook](/errors/user-signature-rejected-by-provider) |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`              | failed         | webhook + polled | End user did not sign within the cosign window                                                                                                                                                    | [Playbook](/errors/user-signature-timeout)              |

## Sandbox simulate endpoint errors

These codes are returned as HTTP errors by sandbox simulate endpoints. They are not `failureCode` values on transactions.

| Code                                           | HTTP status | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Playbook                                                         |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT`                  | 409         | Source wallet has a non-custodial payout awaiting signature on the same chain                                                                                                                                                                                                            | [Playbook](/errors/concurrent-cosign-in-flight)                  |
| `INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT`                       | 400         | EVM address must be all-lowercase or a correct EIP-55 checksum                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | [Playbook](/errors/invalid-address-format)                       |
| `RESOURCE_TERMINAL`                            | 409         | Tried to drive a simulate against an already-terminal entity                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [Playbook](/errors/resource-terminal)                            |
| `SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY` | 422         | Called a sandbox simulate endpoint whose requested outcome is not viable in the transaction's current phase (e.g. simulate/settled or simulate/confirm against a payout parked at the document-review gate, or simulate/terminal with outcome:completed before a fiat route is selected) | [Playbook](/errors/sandbox-transaction-not-force-terminal-ready) |

## HTTP status code legend

| Code | Meaning                                               |
| ---- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| 200  | Mutation succeeded; resource returned                 |
| 201  | Resource created; resource returned                   |
| 202  | Accepted; resource pending                            |
| 400  | Validation error; check the `pointer` in the response |
| 401  | Missing or invalid API key                            |
| 403  | API key lacks permission                              |
| 404  | Resource not found                                    |
| 409  | Conflict; inspect `type` for the precise error        |
| 429  | Rate limited                                          |
| 500  | Server error                                          |

## Webhook event topics (most common)

* `application.approved` / `application.rejected`
* `transaction.created` / `transaction.completed` / `transaction.failed` / `transaction.cancelled`
* `transaction.awaiting_sender_information`
* `order.failed`
* `customer.activated`
* `virtual_account.activated`

See the [webhooks reference](/webhooks) for the full topic list and signature scheme.

## See also

* [Sandbox quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart)
* [Custodial vs non-custodial](/sandbox/custody)
* [Errors](/errors)


# Conversions in sandbox
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/conversions

Test FX conversion failure scenarios inside ONRAMP and OFFRAMP orders using the orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed endpoint

Every ONRAMP and OFFRAMP order includes an FX conversion leg that exchanges the source asset for the destination asset. The conversion runs automatically after the source leg settles; there is no standalone endpoint to create one. This page explains how to drive conversion failure outcomes in sandbox.

<Note>
  The `reason` field is optional (max 500 chars). When supplied, it surfaces verbatim as `failureMessage` on the `order.failed` webhook payload and on the polled `GET /v2/orders/:id` response, with no transformation.
</Note>

## How to fail a conversion

Use the `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed` endpoint to force a conversion to a failed terminal state. The endpoint is timing-independent: call it at any point after order creation. If the conversion is already running, it is driven to failed immediately; otherwise the failure is armed and applied as soon as the conversion starts. The order is driven to `failed` and `order.failed` is emitted.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/orders/$ORDER_ID/simulate/conversion-failed \
    -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{"reason":"Provider rate stale"}'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/orders/${orderId}/simulate/conversion-failed`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({ reason: "Provider rate stale" }),
    },
  );
  ```

  ```python Python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid
  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/orders/{order_id}/simulate/conversion-failed",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
      },
      json={"reason": "Provider rate stale"},
  )
  ```
</CodeGroup>

Returns `200 OK` with the order at its current state. Returns `404` if the order is not found. Replays against an already-terminal order return `200` with the current resource (idempotent).

<Note>
  **Rate-lock expiry SLA.** `POST
      /v2/sandbox/orders/:id/simulate/rate-lock-expired` returns `200 OK` with the
  order at its current state and the order reaches `cancelled (expired)` within
  about 3 seconds via an immediate background sweep tick. No polling backoff
  needed; no need to wait for the scheduled 30-second sweep.
</Note>

There is no create-time outcome locking for conversions. The only way to force a conversion failure in sandbox is this endpoint, which works at any point after the order exists.

## Webhook events

Conversion outcomes surface on the order's webhook topic. There is no standalone conversion webhook.

| Event             | When it fires                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| ----------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `order.succeeded` | The full order completed successfully (source settled, conversion ran, destination credited). Terminal.                                                                                             |
| `order.failed`    | The order failed. `reasonCode` (`INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` / `PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE` / `PROVIDER_REJECTED` / `INTERNAL_ERROR` / `CANCELLED`) names the failure category. Conversion failures surface here. |
| `order.cancelled` | The order was cancelled before execution completed. `cancellationReason` is `expired` or `client_cancelled`.                                                                                        |

Intermediate state (conversion in progress, source settled, etc.) is not conveyed via webhooks. Poll `GET /v2/orders/:id` to observe the current order state between terminal events.

See the [Webhooks reference](/webhooks) for full payload schemas.

## Errors

Conversion failures produce `order.failed` on the order. The payload carries `reasonCode` (`INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` / `PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE` / `PROVIDER_REJECTED` / `INTERNAL_ERROR` / `CANCELLED`) describing the failure category. See [Error codes](/errors) for the broader catalog used by other event types.

## See also

* [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview)
* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks)
* [Error codes](/errors)
* [Onramps in sandbox](/sandbox/onramps)
* [Offramps in sandbox](/sandbox/offramps)


# Custodial vs non-custodial
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/custody

Side-by-side mental model for the two crypto custody flows: how to provision a non-custodial wallet, what changes if you ever see a custodial one, common pitfalls.

## TL;DR

New customers are non-custodial. Every fresh customer claims non-custodial control of their wallet account through `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/claim-non-custodial` before any wallet address is issued; calling `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets` first returns `409 WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED`. The custodial path covered below applies only to legacy customers that were provisioned through the `CRYPTO_WALLET` application before the non-custodial gate. The two custody models differ in four observable ways: whether the payout parks at a cosign gate, when chain finality fires, when the in-flight 409 happens, and the Travel Rule pre-broadcast window.

## What changes between the two models

### Cosign gate

* **Custodial**: payouts auto-broadcast after compliance checks. No customer-side signature step.
* **Non-custodial**: payouts park at `pending_cosign` and require `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign {outcome: "approved" | "declined"}` to drive forward.

### Chain finality autopilot

* **Custodial**: the integrator drives chain confirmation explicitly with `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/confirm {outcome: "completed", txHash}`. Production: real chain confirmation.
* **Non-custodial**: after cosign approves, the chain-confirm autopilot fires within \~5s and drives the payout to `completed`. No `simulate/confirm` call needed.

### Concurrent cosign in-flight (non-custodial only)

`POST /v2/payouts` returns 409 `CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT` when the source wallet already has a non-custodial payout awaiting signature on the same chain. Recovery: resolve the prior payout with `simulate/cosign` first or wait for it to terminalize. Retry with exponential backoff starting at 2 seconds. See [`CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT` playbook](/errors/concurrent-cosign-in-flight).

### Pre-broadcast Travel Rule reject

A counterparty rejection arrives pre-broadcast only when the cosign gate is still open. Two reliable paths to a pre-broadcast TR-reject:

* **Non-custodial wallet, manual counterparty call**: cosign-gate-parked payout + `simulate/counterparty-webhook {outcome: "rejected", reason}` BEFORE `simulate/cosign`.
* **Unconditional pre-broadcast suffix**: destination ending `bad7e517` (TR\_TX\_VALIDATE\_REJECTED). No manual call needed.

See [Travel Rule scenarios](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios#how-to-guarantee-a-pre-broadcast-terminal-rejection).

## How to provision a non-custodial wallet

Once the customer is KYB-approved, call `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/claim-non-custodial` with a `roster` (admins + signers) and a `signingThreshold`. The claim endpoint provisions the underlying wallet account, mints the multi-signer roster, and writes the wallets for the chains you ask for. After every roster member enrolls, `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets` becomes usable for each chain you requested. See [Sandbox quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart) Step 5 for the full walkthrough.

## Lifecycle, side by side

| State / event                      | Custodial                                                                        | Non-custodial                                                                                                                            |
| ---------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Create payout (`POST /v2/payouts`) | `202 { id: txn_..., status: pending }`                                           | `202 { id: txn_..., status: pending_cosign }`                                                                                            |
| In-flight conflict (409)           | n/a                                                                              | `CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT` if a prior NC payout on the same wallet awaits signature                                                   |
| Cosign                             | Auto-resolves; no customer call                                                  | `POST .../simulate/cosign {outcome: "approved" \| "declined"}`                                                                           |
| Chain broadcast                    | Internal; no customer call                                                       | After cosign approved                                                                                                                    |
| Chain finality                     | Customer calls `POST .../simulate/confirm {outcome: "completed", txHash: "..."}` | Auto-resolves in \~5s via the chain-confirm autopilot                                                                                    |
| Travel Rule reject (counterparty)  | Post-broadcast audit-only; payout already terminal                               | Pre-broadcast if `simulate/counterparty-webhook` called before `simulate/cosign`                                                         |
| Force-fail at broadcast            | `POST .../simulate/broadcast-fail`                                               | `POST .../simulate/broadcast-fail` (same)                                                                                                |
| Reachable failure codes            | `RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`, `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`, `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`       | All custodial codes + `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`, `USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`, `USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER`, `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED` |

## Recipe pairs

* **Custodial USDC withdrawal** vs **non-custodial cosign approved/declined** in [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals#full-happy-path-non-custodial-wallet-cosign).
* **Fiat withdrawal** (no custody flavor) in [Withdrawals — Fiat withdrawal](/sandbox/withdrawals#fiat-withdrawal).
* **Non-custodial pre-broadcast TR-reject** in [Travel Rule scenarios](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios#how-to-guarantee-a-pre-broadcast-terminal-rejection).

## Common pitfalls

* **In-flight 409 on non-custodial**: `CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT`. Resolve or wait for the prior payout. See the [playbook](/errors/concurrent-cosign-in-flight).
* **Mixed-case EVM addresses**: any mixed-case EVM destination address that is not a valid EIP-55 checksum returns `400 INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT`. Use all-lowercase. See [INVALID\_ADDRESS\_FORMAT](/errors/invalid-address-format).
* **Pre/post-broadcast TR-reject timing**: only pre-broadcast if you call `simulate/counterparty-webhook` BEFORE `simulate/cosign`. Once cosign is approved, the payout broadcasts and a counterparty-webhook reject becomes audit-only on the TR row.
* **`txHash` constraint on `simulate/confirm`**: the `txHash` you pass to `simulate/confirm` does not need to be a real on-chain hash (sandbox is isolated from real chains), but it must be a hex-shaped 32-byte string (`0x` + 64 hex chars). Any arbitrary `0xdeadbeef...` of the right length works.

## Error handling on the claim endpoint

`POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets/claim-non-custodial` is the canonical entry point into the multi-signer non-custodial flow. Three 409s are worth handling explicitly:

* **`WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED` (409)** — returned from `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets` when the customer is still custodial. Call `claim-non-custodial` first; for legacy custodial customers (provisioned through `CRYPTO_WALLET` before the non-custodial gate) submit `POST /v2/customers/:id/features` with `{ "type": "WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION" }` to convert.
* **`CUSTOMER_ALREADY_NON_CUSTODIAL` (409)** — non-custodial control has already been claimed for this customer. The claim endpoint provisions only fresh customers. Use the roster-management endpoints (`POST/DELETE /v2/customers/:customerId/wallet-signers`, `POST .../promote`, `POST .../demote`) to modify signers instead.
* **`CUSTOMER_ALREADY_CUSTODIAL` (409)** — the customer is a legacy custodial customer (provisioned via the `CRYPTO_WALLET` application before the non-custodial gate). Use `POST /v2/customers/:id/features` with `{ "type": "WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION" }` to convert them; multi-signer roster claim on existing custodial wallets will land in a follow-up.

## See also

* [Sandbox quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart) - end-to-end including the multi-signer `claim-non-custodial` flow
* [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals) - full state diagram and timing
* [Travel Rule scenarios](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios)
* [`CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT` playbook](/errors/concurrent-cosign-in-flight)
* [`INVALID_ADDRESS_FORMAT` playbook](/errors/invalid-address-format)
* [`WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED` reference](/errors#wallet-custody-not-claimed)


# Customer KYC (Sandbox)
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/customer-kyc

How customer KYC is mocked in the sandbox environment, and how to drive specific outcomes on any application

## Overview

In the sandbox environment, customer KYC is **mocked**: no upstream KYC provider is called, and no end-user KYC data is collected. Customer onboarding still flows through the full review pipeline (sourcing, document validation, extraction, verification, compliance checks) — but the compliance-checks stage is satisfied by a mock that defers the verdict for one hour by default.

Org-level KYB is **not** mocked. Your organization completes real KYB against real providers in sandbox; sandbox KYB approval is the prerequisite for graduating to production.

## Customer-onboarding lifecycle

When you submit a customer onboarding application in sandbox:

1. The application enters `"processing"`.
2. The mock records `PENDING` field verifications for the same paths a real KYC transaction would (business website, classification report, adverse-media report, associated persons, TIN — depending on the submitted data and country).
3. A 1-hour timer starts.
4. **Either** you call one of the simulate endpoints below to drive a specific outcome, **or** the timer fires and auto-approves the application.

First call wins: subsequent simulate calls return `409 Conflict`.

## Simulate endpoints

`POST /v2/sandbox/applications/:id/simulate/decision` forces a sandbox application to a terminal status on demand, regardless of the application's current review stage. The body's `outcome` field selects `approved` or `rejected`.

### Works for any application type

This endpoint is not limited to customer onboarding. It accepts every application type your sandbox API key can create:

| Application type            | On `outcome: "approved"`                                                                                                                                                           |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `CUSTOMER_ONBOARDING`       | Customer transitions to `ACTIVE` and `customer.activated` fires.                                                                                                                   |
| `VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT`           | The virtual account and its underlying account details are provisioned in one shot (see [Virtual accounts](/concepts/virtual-accounts) for the end-to-end shape).                  |
| `CRYPTO_WALLET`             | The customer's crypto provider account is provisioned. Use `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets {chain}` to create each chain's wallet.                                                 |
| `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION` | The customer's wallets flip to `custodyModel: "non_custodial"` and the cosign gate becomes live for future payouts (see [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets)). |
| `CUSTOMER_UPDATE`           | The pending customer update is applied.                                                                                                                                            |

`outcome: "rejected"` publishes the matching `*.rejected` event for the application's type. Rejected applications never reach a provisioning branch.

### Request shape

The endpoint requires your sandbox API key and a JSON body with an `outcome` field. The simplest approval call:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/applications/app_01H.../simulate/decision \
  -H "x-api-key: ck_sandbox_..." \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{ "outcome": "approved" }'
```

Returns `200 OK` with the application at its current state. Replays against an already-terminal application return `200` with the current resource (idempotent).

### Rejection options

The same endpoint with `outcome: "rejected"` accepts optional fields to shape the rejection:

| Body                                                           | Behavior                                                                                                                                          |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `{ "outcome": "rejected" }`                                    | Generic rejection. The persisted reason falls back to a sentinel string.                                                                          |
| `{ "outcome": "rejected", "reason": "<text>" }`                | Free-text rejection. The string is persisted verbatim as the rejection reason.                                                                    |
| `{ "outcome": "rejected", "category": "...", "field": "..." }` | Structured rejection that drives the rejection down a specific sub-path so the persisted reason matches what the live KYB pipeline would produce. |

Structured `category` is only meaningful for KYB-pipeline application types (`CUSTOMER_ONBOARDING`, `ORGANIZATION_ONBOARDING`, `CUSTOMER_UPDATE`, `SANCTIONS_REVIEW`). Sending `category` on a non-KYB type (e.g. a `VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT` application) returns `422 REJECTION_CATEGORY_NOT_APPLICABLE`. Sending `category` with `outcome: "approved"` returns `400 VALIDATION_ERROR`. Within `category: GENERIC` an optional `reason` is accepted (this is how integrators simulate a manual operator rejection); for all other categories `reason` cannot be combined with `category`.

Categories: `DOCUMENT_MISMATCH` (optional `field`: `TAX_ID`, `DATE_OF_INCORPORATION`, `BUSINESS_NAME`, `BUSINESS_ENTITY_ID`), `DATA_SOURCING_MISMATCH` (optional `field`: `BUSINESS_ENTITY_ID`, `UBO_FIRST_NAME`, `UBO_LAST_NAME`, `UBO_PHONE`, `UBO_EMAIL`, `OWNERSHIP_LIST`), `COMPLIANCE` (no `field`), `GENERIC` (no `field`; accepts an optional `reason`).

## Errors

| Status | Reason                                                                                                                                                             |
| ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `400`  | Missing `outcome`, non-object body, or `reason` combined with a `category` other than `GENERIC`. Also returned when `category` is sent with `outcome: "approved"`. |
| `401`  | Missing or invalid `x-api-key`.                                                                                                                                    |
| `404`  | The application does not exist or does not belong to your organization.                                                                                            |
| `422`  | `category` was sent against a non-KYB application type (`VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT`, `CRYPTO_WALLET`, `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION`).                                          |

## Non-custodial wallet provisioning

A wallet is created custodial by default. To flip a wallet to non-custodial, create a `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION` feature application after the `CRYPTO_WALLET` feature is approved.

See the [Custodial vs non-custodial guide](/sandbox/custody) for the full copy-paste curl flow with both custody models walked side by side.

## Notes

* Customer KYC data submitted to sandbox is **not** transferred to production. Sandbox and production are isolated environments — end-user customers re-onboard in production.
* The mock matches the real KYC adapter's field-path set so your client code sees the same shape on `application_field_verifications` whether it's running against sandbox or live.
* The 1-hour fallback applies to customer-onboarding applications only and makes it safe to ignore simulation entirely for happy-path tests — submit, wait, observe an `approved` outcome. Other application types do not auto-resolve; drive them with `simulate/decision { outcome: "approved" | "rejected" }`.

## See also

* [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview)
* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks)
* [Error codes](/errors)
* [Sandbox quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart)
* [Virtual accounts](/concepts/virtual-accounts)
* [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets)
* [Deposits](/sandbox/deposits)
* [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals)


# Deposits in sandbox
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/deposits

End-to-end guide for testing fiat and crypto deposits: happy paths, compliance failures, and the sender-information gate

The sandbox cluster is fully mocked. There is no real chain, no real banking connection, no third-party vendor calls. Every outcome is deterministic and driven by your request data — address suffixes for crypto deposits, account-number suffixes for fiat deposits, or an explicit `outcome` field on the deposit simulate body — or by sandbox-only `simulate/*` endpoints. See [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview) for the full posture.

This page covers two deposit types:

* **Fiat deposits** land on a customer's virtual account via a simulate endpoint. The balance is credited immediately; no bank transfer occurs.
* **Crypto deposits** land on a customer's wallet via a simulate endpoint. The deposit enters the same ingestion pipeline as a real provider webhook, including compliance screening and the sender-information gate.

Use fiat deposits when testing order-funded flows (onramps, conversions). Use crypto deposits when testing the inbound wallet flow including compliance and Travel Rule sender-info scenarios.

## Prerequisites

* A sandbox API key for an `ACTIVE` customer. Set `SANDBOX_API_KEY`, `CUSTOMER_ID`, `VA_ID` (virtual account), and `WALLET_ID` in your shell.
* For fiat: the virtual account must be `ACTIVE` for asset `USD`.
* For crypto: the wallet must be `ACTIVE` and have a deposit address.
* Base URL: `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial`.

<Note>
  The `idempotency-key` header is required on every money-moving `POST`. The cache TTL is 300 seconds — replay the same key within that window to safely retry; use a fresh key for a new operation.
</Note>

## Fiat deposit — happy path

Inject a synthetic USD deposit into a customer's virtual account.

`POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/{customerId}/virtual-accounts/{virtualAccountId}/deposits/simulate`

Request body:

| Field               | Type   | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| ------------------- | ------ | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `assetAmount`       | object | yes      | `{ "code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00" }`. `amount` is a canonical decimal string at USD precision (2 decimals).                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `outcome`           | enum   | no       | `"completed"` (default), `"frozen"`, or `"returned"`. `frozen` parks the deposit in a sanctions-freeze terminal state. `returned` parks it in an AML-return terminal state. Equivalent to the `senderInfo.accountNumber` suffix catalog but explicit; takes precedence when both are set. |
| `rail`              | string | no       | `"ACH"`, `"FEDWIRE"`, or `"RTP"`. Defaults to `ACH`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `senderInfo`        | object | no       | Synthetic sender details (`name`, `accountNumber`, `routingNumber`, `iban`, `bic`, `country`). Pass `senderInfo.accountNumber` ending in a fiat AML suffix to force a compliance outcome (see [Suffix catalog](#suffix-catalog)).                                                         |
| `externalReference` | string | no       | Custom reference for the synthetic transfer                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/virtual-accounts/${VA_ID}/deposits/simulate" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00" }
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/customers/${customerId}/virtual-accounts/${vaId}/deposits/simulate`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({ assetAmount: { code: "USD", amount: "1000.00" } }),
    }
  );
  const deposit = await res.json();
  // { status: "received", inboxEntryId: "..." }
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/customers/{customer_id}/virtual-accounts/{va_id}/deposits/simulate",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={"assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00"}},
  )
  deposit = r.json()
  # {"status": "received", "inboxEntryId": "..."}
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`201 Created` with `{ "status": "received", "inboxEntryId": "..." }`. The deposit enters the ingestion pipeline and the customer's USD balance updates within a few seconds. Your webhook endpoint receives `transaction.completed`.

## Fiat deposit — compliance failure paths

Fiat deposits use the same suffix protocol as crypto deposits, matched against the **last 8 digits of the sender's bank account number** (non-digit characters stripped). Pass a `senderInfo.accountNumber` ending in a documented suffix to force a specific AML outcome.

The deposit-specific suffix values are listed in the [Suffix catalog](#suffix-catalog) below. For the consolidated suffix table across deposits and withdrawals, see [Scenario suffixes](/sandbox/cheat-sheet#scenario-suffixes).

## Crypto deposit — happy path

Inject a synthetic on-chain deposit into a customer's wallet.

`POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId}/deposits/simulate`

Request body:

| Field           | Type   | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| --------------- | ------ | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `assetAmount`   | object | yes      | `{ "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "100" }`. `amount` is a canonical decimal string at the asset's precision (USDC has 6 decimals).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `outcome`       | enum   | no       | `"completed"` (default), `"frozen"`, or `"returned"`. `frozen` parks the deposit in a sanctions-freeze terminal state. `returned` parks it in an AML-return terminal state. Equivalent to the `sourceAddress` suffix catalog but explicit; takes precedence when both are set.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `sourceAddress` | string | no       | Sender address. Omit to get a synthetic deterministic address                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `txHash`        | string | no       | Synthetic transaction hash. Omit to get a deterministic synthetic hash (see Note below). Pass an explicit random value to bust the dedupe key when re-firing the same body.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| `originator`    | object | no       | Originator details (`entityType`, `legalName`, `country`). Defaults to a generic sandbox sender on the happy path. The default is automatically suppressed when the sender-information drivers fire (`sourceAddress` ending in `DE5E11F0`, or amount at/above the 10,000-unit Travel Rule threshold) so the gate parks instead of clearing. Pass an explicit `originator` object to override and clear the gate. Pass `null` to suppress the default originator on the happy path (no other driver firing) — note that this alone does not force the gate when the source address is already registered. |

<Warning>
  **Synthetic `txHash` is deterministic.** When you omit `txHash`, the sandbox derives one from a hash of `(organizationId, customerId, walletId, chain, assetCode, amount, externalReference)`. Two identical request bodies produce the same `txHash`, and the second call is dedupe-rejected with `{ "status": "duplicate" }` instead of a fresh deposit row. Pass an explicit random `txHash` per request to bust dedupe, for example `TXHASH="0x$(openssl rand -hex 32)"` then include `"txHash": "$TXHASH"` in the body.

  **Dedupe also varies by finality state and sender.** Two probes of the same tx at different finality states (e.g. `submitted` then `finalized`) ingest as separate rows. On the fiat side, two same-amount deposits with different `senderInfo.accountNumber` (e.g. swapping AML suffixes) both ingest cleanly — no need to vary the amount.
</Warning>

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/wallets/${WALLET_ID}/deposits/simulate" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "100" }
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/customers/${customerId}/wallets/${walletId}/deposits/simulate`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        assetAmount: { code: "USDC", chain: "ETHEREUM", amount: "100" },
      }),
    }
  );
  const deposit = await res.json();
  // { status: "received", inboxEntryId: "..." }
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/customers/{customer_id}/wallets/{wallet_id}/deposits/simulate",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "100"},
      },
  )
  deposit = r.json()
  # {"status": "received", "inboxEntryId": "..."}
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`201 Created` with `{ "status": "received", "inboxEntryId": "..." }`. The deposit enters the ingestion pipeline: compliance screens the source address (default sandbox originator clears automatically), and the balance updates within a few seconds. Your webhook endpoint receives `transaction.completed`.

To force a specific compliance outcome, pass a `sourceAddress` whose last 8 hex characters match one of the suffixes in the [Suffix catalog](#suffix-catalog) below.

## Crypto deposit — sender-information gate

The sender-information gate fires when the receiving VASP needs originator details to satisfy Travel Rule. In sandbox there are two ways to drive it deterministically — pick whichever is easier for the test you're writing:

**Driver 1 — source-address suffix.** Pass a `sourceAddress` ending in `DE5E11F0`. The gate fires regardless of the amount or whether the address is pre-registered.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/wallets/${WALLET_ID}/deposits/simulate" \
  -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "100" },
    "sourceAddress": "0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaade5e11f0"
  }'
```

**Driver 2 — Travel Rule amount threshold.** Send a crypto deposit at or above **10,000** in canonical asset units (e.g. `"10000"` USDC, which is `10_000.000000` at full precision). The gate fires regardless of address or suffix, matching the FATF R.16 / FinCEN funds-transmittal posture where high-value transfers always require originator information.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/wallets/${WALLET_ID}/deposits/simulate" \
  -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "10000" }
  }'
```

The deposit parks at `status: pending` and your webhook endpoint receives `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` with a `daysRemaining` count and a `deadlineAt` timestamp.

<Note>
  **Re-emission cadence.** `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` fires once on initial park, then re-emits as the deadline approaches with the updated `daysRemaining`. Terminal failure emits `daysRemaining: null` and persists `failureCode: SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT` on the transaction row.
</Note>

**Sandbox vs. production deadline — what changes and what doesn't:** The `daysRemaining` and `deadlineAt` fields in the webhook payload always reflect the **real 30-day deadline**, even in sandbox. `deadlineAt` is `detectedAt + 30 days` and `daysRemaining` is approximately 30 on the initial fire. Your webhook handler should branch on these values as if they are live-equivalent — they are.

What sandbox compresses is the **server-side timeout**: instead of waiting 30 days, the timeout fires after \~30 seconds. So the deposit auto-fails fast in a single test run, but the contract fields your code sees stay identical to production. This is the central sandbox promise: live-equivalent payload contract, compressed timeout.

### Option A — wait for auto-timeout

Do nothing. After \~30 seconds the sandbox timer fires and the deposit auto-fails with `failureCode: SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT`; your webhook endpoint receives `transaction.failed`.

**Polled GET after timeout.** The public `GET /v2/transactions/:id` response surfaces `failureCode: SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT`, matching the `transaction.failed` webhook payload. The polled response and the webhook never drift.

### Option B — resolve manually via simulate endpoint

Call the simulate endpoint to provide sender information and clear the gate immediately. Returns `200 OK` with the deposit at its current state.

`POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/{customerId}/deposits/{depositId}/simulate/sender-info`

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/deposits/${DEPOSIT_ID}/simulate/sender-info" \
  -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "originator": {
      "entityType": "BUSINESS",
      "legalName": "Acme Corp",
      "country": "USA"
    }
  }'
```

`200 OK` returning the deposit at its current state. The gate clears, the auto-timeout timer is cancelled, and the deposit proceeds to its next phase.

## Force a returned deposit

Both the fiat and crypto deposit simulate endpoints accept an explicit `outcome` field that pre-decides the compliance branch at ingestion time. The values are:

* `"completed"` (default) - deposit clears compliance and credits the destination balance.
* `"frozen"` - deposit terminates as `failed` with `failureCode: "COMPLIANCE_HOLD"`. Equivalent to passing a suffix that resolves to a non-CLEAR AML decision, but explicit.
* `"returned"` - deposit terminates as `failed` with `failureCode: "RETURNED_BY_SENDER"`. Models a fiat-rail return or a crypto reversal from the originating institution before credit. There is no suffix that triggers this branch.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/virtual-accounts/${VA_ID}/deposits/simulate" \
  -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "outcome": "returned",
    "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00" }
  }'
```

`201 Created` returns the public deposit transaction view (the same shape as `GET /v2/transactions/:id`). The deposit then terminates `failed` and your webhook endpoint receives `transaction.failed` with `failureCode: "RETURNED_BY_SENDER"`. The same `outcome` field is accepted on the crypto deposit simulate endpoint with identical semantics.

When `outcome` is set, it takes precedence over the suffix-driven branch. Pass `outcome: "completed"` (or omit the field) to keep the suffix protocol in effect.

## Force a parked deposit terminal

After a deposit transaction exists, `POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/transactions/{depositId}/simulate/terminal` can force the deposit workflow to a terminal outcome. Use this when you need to pre-empt a compliance park, sender-information wait, or slow async path after locating the deposit id through `GET /v2/transactions?type=DEPOSIT`. Body is `{ "outcome": "completed" | "failed", "utr"?: "...", "reason"?: "..." }`. `outcome: "completed"` posts the incoming deposit first when needed and then approves it; `outcome: "failed"` compensates an already-posted incoming deposit before writing the failed terminal state. Returns the deposit at its current state.

<Warning>
  **Address format.** EVM addresses must be all-lowercase OR a correctly EIP-55 checksummed mixed-case form. The mnemonic suffixes called out in this page are uppercase for readability; the wire-format addresses you send to the API are all-lowercase.
</Warning>

## Suffix catalog

Suffixes are matched against the **last 8 characters** of the source identifier:

* **Crypto deposits:** last 8 hex characters of `sourceAddress` (case-insensitive on EVM; Base58 verbatim on Tron and Solana).
* **Fiat deposits:** last 8 digits of `senderInfo.accountNumber` (non-digit characters stripped before matching).

Addresses and account numbers not matching any suffix take the happy path: compliance approved, deposit completes.

### Crypto deposit suffixes (matched on `sourceAddress`)

| Suffix                  | Scenario                                                                                                                                                 | failureCode                             |
| ----------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| `DEAA4900`              | AML approved (explicit happy path)                                                                                                                       | —                                       |
| `DEAA8E50` / `DEAA5A4D` | AML non-CLEAR (high-risk or sanctions) — deposit frozen †                                                                                                | `COMPLIANCE_HOLD`                       |
| `DEAA8157`              | AML risky — no observable difference on the public surface; the deposit completes as APPROVED. The dashboard records the risky classification for audit. | —                                       |
| `DE5E11F0`              | Sender-information gate required — deposit parks; sandbox timer fires after \~30 s                                                                       | `SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT` (if not resolved) |

### Fiat deposit suffixes (matched on `senderInfo.accountNumber` digits)

| Suffix                  | Scenario                                                  | failureCode       |
| ----------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- |
| `95000000`              | AML approved (explicit happy path)                        | —                 |
| `95009001` / `95009002` | AML non-CLEAR (high-risk or sanctions) — deposit frozen † | `COMPLIANCE_HOLD` |
| `95009003`              | AML risky — routes approved at current threshold          | —                 |

† On deposits, every non-CLEAR AML classification (high-risk or sanctions match) routes to a frozen terminal — the deposit cannot be credited until compliance review. The public failure code is `COMPLIANCE_HOLD` in all cases; the underlying classification is recorded on the dashboard for audit. If the fiat deposit is the source funding event for the oldest pending `autoExecute: true` ONRAMP order that matches the deposit tuple and its amount could cover that order's total debit, that order also emits `order.failed` with `reasonCode: "PROVIDER_REJECTED"`.

<Note>
  The `DEAA8157` suffix (crypto) and `95009003` suffix (fiat) trigger an elevated-risk AML classification that is recorded internally for audit. At current thresholds this classification routes APPROVED on the public surface, so there is no observable difference from a clean deposit. Use these suffixes to exercise audit-trail emission only; do not branch your integration logic on them.
</Note>

## Webhook events

| Event                                     | When it fires                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transaction.created`                     | Immediately after the simulate call is accepted                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` | Deposit parks at the sender-information gate. Two drivers: `sourceAddress` ending in `DE5E11F0` (suffix-keyed, fires regardless of pre-registration) or deposit amount at/above the 10,000-unit Travel Rule threshold (amount-keyed, fires regardless of suffix). |
| `transaction.completed`                   | Deposit reaches terminal `completed` state                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `transaction.failed`                      | Deposit reaches terminal `failed` state (AML non-CLEAR, sender-info timeout); fiat source deposits can also fail a matching amount-covered pending auto-execute ONRAMP order                                                                                      |

`transaction.failed` payloads carry a `failureCode` when the cause is actionable. `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` includes `daysRemaining` and `deadlineAt` — these always reflect the real 30-day deadline (the same values your production handler would see). Only the sandbox internal timer is compressed to \~30 seconds so the timeout path is fast to test.

## Errors

See [Errors](/errors) for the full catalog. Deposit-relevant failure codes:

* `COMPLIANCE_HOLD` — compliance screening returned a non-CLEAR decision (high-risk or sanctions match); the deposit is frozen and cannot be credited.
* `RETURNED_BY_SENDER` — the inbound transfer was returned by the originating institution before it could be credited. Sandbox triggers this branch via the `outcome: "returned"` field on the deposit simulate endpoint.
* `SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT` — the sender-information gate expired before details were provided; resubmit with originator details included up front.

## Diagrams

### Crypto deposit state machine

```mermaid theme={null}
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> Detected : simulate endpoint accepted
    Detected --> ComplianceScreening : ingestion pipeline
    ComplianceScreening --> SenderInfoGate : sourceAddress ends in DE5E11F0 OR amount ≥ 10,000
    ComplianceScreening --> Completed : approved
    ComplianceScreening --> Failed : COMPLIANCE_HOLD
    SenderInfoGate --> Completed : simulate/sender-info called
    SenderInfoGate --> Failed : ~30 s sandbox timer → SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT
    Completed --> [*]
    Failed --> [*]
```

### Sender-information gate — sandbox auto-pilot timeline

```mermaid theme={null}
sequenceDiagram
    participant You as Your backend
    participant API as Conduit sandbox
    participant WH as Your webhook endpoint

    You->>API: POST .../deposits/simulate (sourceAddress ends DE5E11F0)
    API-->>You: 201 Created { status: "received" }
    API-->>WH: transaction.created
    API-->>WH: transaction.awaiting_sender_information<br/>(daysRemaining: ~30, deadlineAt: detectedAt+30days)

    alt Resolve manually (Option B)
        You->>API: POST .../deposits/{id}/simulate/sender-info
        API-->>You: 200 OK (deposit at current state)
        API-->>WH: transaction.completed
    else Wait for auto-timeout (Option A — ~30 s sandbox timer)
        Note over API: ~30 s sandbox timer elapsed
        API-->>WH: transaction.failed (SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT)
    end
```

## Related pages

* [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview) — full sandbox posture and what's mocked
* [Withdrawal failure paths](/sandbox/withdrawals#failure-paths) — AML magic-suffix catalog for withdrawals and deposits
* [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals) — crypto withdrawal lifecycle and cosign flows
* [Virtual Accounts](/concepts/virtual-accounts) — virtual account model and deposit instructions


# Example data palette
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/example-data

Consistent fictional org, customer, and wallet values used across all code samples in this site

## Example data palette

The examples in this site use a consistent fictional org, customer, and transaction set. None of the values collide with magic suffixes unless an example is explicitly illustrating a failure path.

| Entity                         | Value                                                               |
| ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Business name                  | `Aurora Robotics Inc.`                                              |
| Individual name                | `Aiko Tanaka`                                                       |
| Customer email                 | `aiko.tanaka@aurorarobotics.example`                                |
| US routing number              | `021000021` (Chase)                                                 |
| US account number (happy path) | `000094300000`                                                      |
| Wire bank                      | `Chase Bank`                                                        |
| Wire bank address              | `270 Park Ave, New York, NY 10017, USA`                             |
| Phone                          | `+12125550199`                                                      |
| EVM wallet (happy path)        | `0xaa11aa11aa11aa11aa11aa11aa11aa11a55ee99c`                        |
| Tron wallet (happy path)       | `TR7NHqjeKQxGTCi8q8ZY4pL8otSzgjLj6t`                                |
| Solana wallet (happy path)     | `So11111111111111111111111111111111111111112`                       |
| Idempotency-key generator      | `uuidgen` (bash) / `crypto.randomUUID()` (TS) / `uuid.uuid4()` (py) |
| Webhook endpoint stand-in      | `https://webhook.site/<your-token>`                                 |

Magic-suffix addresses introduced in the scenario libraries override the happy-path EVM value above and explicitly call out the suffix's effect.


# Multi-signer wallets recipe
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/multi-signer-wallets

Drive a multi-signer non-custodial payout end-to-end in sandbox: claim non-custodial control, distribute per-signer enrollment links, watch the per-stamp progress events, and finalize.

## Overview

This page walks the multi-signer non-custodial flow as it works in sandbox: a customer claims non-custodial control, each signer enrolls a passkey, deposit addresses become available, and a payout collects a stamp from each required signer before broadcasting. The same six webhook topics fire in live — the only sandbox-specific behavior is auto-activation (described under [Sandbox vs live caveats](#sandbox-vs-live-caveats)).

## Prerequisites

* The customer must be KYB-approved (`customer.activated` fired).
* Your organization has a webhook endpoint registered and reachable. The whole flow is webhook-driven; without an endpoint you will never see step 2 onward.

<Note>
  **Headless sandbox testing.** The webhook-driven flow above assumes signers complete enrollment + payout approval through the verification portal. Two sandbox-only shortcut endpoints let you script the whole loop without a browser:

  * `POST /v2/sandbox/wallet-signers/:signerId/mark-enrolled` — bypass passkey enrollment and mark a signer enrolled. Auto-activation fires once every roster member is marked.
  * `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:payoutId/simulate-stamp` — stamp a payout on behalf of a signer without driving the approval page.

  ```javascript theme={null}
  // 1. Claim non-custodial control
  const { claimId } = await api.post(`/v2/customers/${customerId}/wallets/claim-non-custodial`, {...});

  // 2. Mark each signer enrolled (skips the portal entirely)
  for (const signer of webhookSignersInvited) {
    await api.post(`/v2/sandbox/wallet-signers/${signer.walletSignerId}/mark-enrolled`);
  }
  // → crypto_wallet.completed fires once all enrolled

  // 3. Submit a payout, then stamp it from the sandbox endpoint
  const { id: payoutId } = await api.post('/v2/payouts', {...});
  for (const signer of admins.slice(0, signingThreshold)) {
    await api.post(`/v2/sandbox/payouts/${payoutId}/simulate-stamp`, { walletSignerId: signer.id });
  }
  // → transaction.completed fires (compliance auto-stamps inside the sandbox)
  ```

  These endpoints exist in sandbox only — they have no live counterpart.
</Note>

## The 6-step recipe

<Steps>
  <Step title="Claim non-custodial control">
    `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets/claim-non-custodial` with a roster, a signing threshold, and the chains you want wallets on.

    ```bash theme={null}
    curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/customers/cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t/wallets/claim-non-custodial" \
      -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
      -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
      -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
      -d '{
        "roster": [
          { "email": "ada@example.com",   "name": "Ada",   "role": "admin",  "credentialType": "passkey" },
          { "email": "grace@example.com", "name": "Grace", "role": "admin",  "credentialType": "passkey" },
          { "email": "ken@example.com",   "name": "Ken",   "role": "signer", "credentialType": "passkey" }
        ],
        "signingThreshold": 2,
        "chains": ["ethereum", "polygon"]
      }'
    ```

    Returns `202 Accepted`:

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "claimId": "wcc_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "status": "provisioning",
      "rosterSize": 3,
      "signingThreshold": 2,
      "estimatedActivationCompletionMinutes": null
    }
    ```

    Roster validation runs before any side effects: roster size ≥ 2, admin count ≥ 2, threshold ≥ 1 and ≤ roster size. See [error codes](/errors) for the full list of claim-time rejection reasons.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Receive one `wallet_signer.invited` webhook per roster member">
    Each invited signer gets their own webhook with a per-user `verificationUrl`. URLs are scoped to one signer and expire at `expiresAt`.

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "topic": "wallet_signer.invited",
      "data": {
        "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "email": "ada@example.com",
        "name": "Ada",
        "role": "admin",
        "credentialType": "passkey",
        "verificationUrl": "https://verify.conduit.financial/verify/vtok_3yLkG0nRc8wO5iM2qS4x9u",
        "expiresAt": "2026-01-22T09:30:00.000Z"
      }
    }
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="Distribute the verification URLs out-of-band">
    Send each signer their own `verificationUrl` through your product's notification channel — email, Slack, in-app — whatever you use to reach end users. Conduit does not deliver these URLs to signers directly.

    Treat the URL like a magic-link credential: one signer, one URL, do not share across the roster.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Receive one `wallet_signer.enrolled` webhook per signer">
    When a signer opens their URL and completes enrollment, you receive:

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "topic": "wallet_signer.enrolled",
      "data": {
        "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "email": "ada@example.com",
        "role": "admin",
        "passkeyCount": 1
      }
    }
    ```

    Track these against the `walletSignerId`s you saw in step 2 to know when the last signer has enrolled.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Wallets become usable (sandbox auto-activation)">
    Once every roster member has enrolled, sandbox auto-activates the customer's wallets. You receive one `crypto_wallet.completed` per chain you requested:

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "topic": "crypto_wallet.completed",
      "data": {
        "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "chain": "ethereum",
        "custodyModel": "non_custodial"
      }
    }
    ```

    Deposit addresses are now available via `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets`. The customer can receive funds and submit payouts.

    <Warning>
      Auto-activation is sandbox-only. In live, activation runs an additional ceremony — see [Sandbox vs live caveats](#sandbox-vs-live-caveats).
    </Warning>
  </Step>

  <Step title="Submit a payout — stamps collect over webhook">
    `POST /v2/payouts` returns `202 { id: "txn_...", status: "pending_cosign" }`. The payout then drives four event topics:

    **1. `transaction.awaiting_user_signature`** — fires once when the payout parks at the cosign gate. The `verificationUrl` is a single shared approval page; the roster members signed-in there each stamp the payout with their passkey.

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "topic": "transaction.awaiting_user_signature",
      "data": {
        "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "verificationUrl": "https://verify.conduit.financial/verify/vtok_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "requiredApprovals": 2,
        "expiresAt": "2026-01-15T09:45:00.000Z",
        "attempt": 1
      }
    }
    ```

    **2. `transaction.signature_collected`** — fires once per signer stamp. Drive a progress UI off `collected` / `required`.

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "topic": "transaction.signature_collected",
      "data": {
        "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "collected": 1,
        "required": 2
      }
    }
    ```

    **3. `transaction.quorum_met`** — fires once when `collected >= required`. The compliance stamp runs next.

    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "topic": "transaction.quorum_met",
      "data": {
        "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
        "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t"
      }
    }
    ```

    **4. `transaction.completed`** (or `transaction.failed`) — fires once when the payout reaches a terminal state. In sandbox the chain-confirm autopilot resolves this within \~5 seconds of `quorum_met`. `transaction.failed` carries a `failureCode` your integration branches on — see [Failure cases](#failure-cases).
  </Step>
</Steps>

<Note>
  **How compliance works in sandbox.** After customer signers reach the configured threshold on a payout, the sandbox automatically casts the `conduit_compliance` stamp to simulate the production cosign service. No fintech action is required; the compliance pipeline auto-passes and the stamp fires immediately, so `transaction.quorum_met` is followed within milliseconds by `transaction.completed`. In live this stamp comes from a separate Conduit-internal service that runs real compliance checks (sanctions screening, travel rule) before stamping.
</Note>

## Failure cases

A payout that does not complete fires `transaction.failed` with one of the codes below.

| `failureCode`                         | Meaning                                                                                                                                         | Retryable?                                                           |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`             | A signer rejected the payout from the approval page.                                                                                            | Yes — submit a new payout.                                           |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`              | The signing window expired before quorum was reached.                                                                                           | Yes — submit a new payout.                                           |
| `USER_SIGNATURE_REJECTED_BY_PROVIDER` | A signer's passkey approval could not be accepted.                                                                                              | Yes — submit a new payout. Contact support on repeat.                |
| `ROSTER_CHANGED`                      | A signer was removed (or moved out of the signing pool) mid-flight. Their stamp was scrubbed and the payout could not finish on the new roster. | Yes — re-initiate; the new attempt collects from the current roster. |
| `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`          | The compliance stamp rejected the payout after quorum. No funds moved.                                                                          | No — contact support.                                                |
| `PROVIDER_REJECTED`                   | The chain broadcast was rejected by the upstream RPC, or a sandbox scenario forced a reject. `failureMessage` carries the reason when surfaced. | Yes after adjusting inputs (destination, amount, rail).              |

See the [error reference](/errors) for the full catalog and resolution playbooks.

## Roster lifecycle ceremonies

Once the 6-step recipe above ships a working multi-signer wallet, three lifecycle ceremonies on the roster itself become testable. All three are sandbox-runnable; the underlying root-quorum ceremony is identical to production.

### Add a fourth signer mid-life

`POST /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers` provisions a new signer on an active roster. The threshold is unchanged; only the eligible-stamper pool grows.

```bash theme={null}
# Step 1 — add the fourth signer
curl -X POST 'https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers' \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "email": "dave@example.com",
    "role": "signer",
    "credentialType": "passkey"
  }'
# Response: signer row in PENDING_ACTIVATION. `wallet_signer.invited` + `wallet_signer.added` fire.

# Step 2 — enroll the new signer (sandbox bypasses the real passkey UX)
curl -X POST 'https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/wallet-signers/{newSignerId}/mark-enrolled' \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
# `wallet_signer.enrolled` fires.

# Step 3 — subsequent payouts collect stamps from any 2 of the 4 active signers.
# (Threshold stays at 2; only the eligible-stamper pool grew.)
```

Expected webhooks:

1. `wallet_signer.invited` (new signer; payload carries `verificationUrl`)
2. `wallet_signer.added` (co-emitted)
3. `wallet_signer.enrolled` (after `mark-enrolled`)

To also raise the threshold (e.g. to require 3 of 4), call the customer-quorum endpoint after the new signer is enrolled. See [Signing thresholds](/concepts/signing-thresholds).

### Promote a signer to admin, demote an admin to signer

`POST /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerId}/promote` and `.../demote` mutate a signer's role. Each call runs a root-quorum ceremony in the background.

```bash theme={null}
# Promote signer C to admin
curl -X POST 'https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerCId}/promote' \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
# 202 Accepted. `wallet_signer.promoted` fires when the ceremony completes (typically a few seconds).

# Demote signer A back to signer
curl -X POST 'https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerAId}/demote' \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
# 202 Accepted. `wallet_signer.demoted` fires on completion.
```

Constraints:

* Demoting back-to-back without waiting for the first ceremony to complete returns `409 CEREMONY_IN_FLIGHT`. Retry after a short backoff.
* Demoting an admin that would drop the admin count below the floor returns `403 WOULD_BREAK_MIN_ADMINS`.

### Ghost-vote scrubbing: signer removed mid-payout

`DELETE /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerId}` removes a signer. If the signer had already stamped an in-flight payout, the stamp is scrubbed from every affected payout. Payouts that can no longer reach quorum on the new roster terminate `failed` with `failureCode: "ROSTER_CHANGED"`.

```bash theme={null}
# Assume the customer has signers A and B with a 2-of-2 quorum,
# and an in-flight payout where A has already stamped (1 of 2 collected).

# Step 1 — promote a new admin so the min-admin floor stays satisfied,
# then demote + remove signer A. Each ceremony is sequential per customer.
curl -X POST 'https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerDId}/promote' \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
# Wait for `wallet_signer.promoted` before issuing the next call.

curl -X POST 'https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerAId}/demote' \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
# Wait for `wallet_signer.demoted`.

curl -X DELETE 'https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/customers/{customerId}/wallet-signers/{signerAId}' \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
# `wallet_signer.removed` fires. Signer A's stamp is scrubbed from the in-flight payout.
```

Expected webhook order:

1. `wallet_signer.promoted` (signer D, replacement admin)
2. `wallet_signer.demoted` (signer A)
3. `wallet_signer.removed` (signer A)
4. `transaction.signature_collected` (votesCollected: 0) — re-fires after the scrub
5. `transaction.failed` with `failureCode: "ROSTER_CHANGED"` — payout cannot reach quorum on the new roster

Client recovery: re-submit the payout. The new attempt collects stamps from the current roster. See [ghost-vote scrubbing](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets#concepts) for the underlying model.

## Sandbox vs live caveats

<Tip>
  Every webhook topic and payload on this page is identical between sandbox and live. The differences below are operational, not contractual.
</Tip>

<Note>
  Phase 0 sandbox-only: this flow runs exclusively against `MockTurnkey`. The matching live integration ships with C2-1539 (real Turnkey adapter) + C2-1542 (real activation ceremony). Live builds currently reject every new multi-signer method with a sandbox-only stub.
</Note>

* **Wallet activation is automatic in sandbox, manual in live.** When the last signer enrolls in sandbox, `crypto_wallet.completed` fires immediately. In live, activation runs an additional governance ceremony before the wallet becomes usable.
* **Passkey enrollment uses synthetic credentials in sandbox.** The sandbox verification flow goes through the same browser passkey UX as live — your test signers will see the same OS prompt — but the credentials it produces are sandbox-only and never authorize real funds.
* **Chain confirmation autopilots in sandbox.** After `quorum_met`, sandbox resolves `transaction.completed` within \~5 seconds without a real chain broadcast. Live waits for real chain finality.
* **No sandbox payout ever touches a real chain.** Destination addresses, hashes, and signatures in sandbox are isolated from mainnet. A `txHash` on a sandbox `transaction.completed` is shape-valid hex but not lookupable on-chain.

### What changes in live

The contract you integrate against is the same. The pieces underneath swap out:

* The real custody provider replaces the sandbox mock (C2-1539).
* Real WebAuthn passkeys replace synthetic credentials. The headless `mark-enrolled` endpoint has no live counterpart — signers must complete browser passkey enrollment.
* The real compliance pipeline (sanctions screening + travel rule) replaces the auto-pass stamp. Some payouts will be rejected here that always passed in sandbox.
* A real activation ceremony replaces the sandbox auto-activate hook (C2-1542). `crypto_wallet.completed` does not fire the instant the last signer enrolls.
* The `queuePosition` field on signing-queue webhooks is populated by the real per-(wallet, chain) counter (C2-1543); in sandbox it is omitted.

## See also

* [Multi-signer wallets](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets) — the conceptual mental model
* [Custodial vs non-custodial](/sandbox/custody) — the side-by-side comparison
* [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals) — full state diagram for the payout lifecycle
* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks) — every topic with full payload schema
* [Error codes](/errors) — failure-code resolution playbooks
* [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview)


# OFFRAMP orders in sandbox
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/offramps

Step-by-step guide for testing crypto-in to fiat-out orders: happy path, destination failure, compliance gates, rate-lock expiry, and webhooks

The sandbox is fully mocked. No real chain activity, no real bank transfers, no third-party calls. Every outcome is deterministic and driven by your request data or by sandbox-only `simulate/*` endpoints.

This page walks the full OFFRAMP lifecycle — crypto-in on a customer wallet, FX conversion, fiat-out payout — end to end. The conversion legs are internal movements that the mock provider auto-finalizes; the only external-actor step you drive manually is the customer's inbound crypto deposit. Because the conversion legs are internal and have no real external actor, there are no per-leg failure injection endpoints for them — use `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed` to force the whole order to a failed terminal state, or arm destination payout failures at create-time via the `autoPayout.recipient.bankName` magic values or the `accountNumber` suffix protocol described below.

## Prerequisites

* An `ACTIVE` customer with a sandbox API key. If you haven't onboarded one yet, run [Sandbox quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart) first.
* A crypto wallet for the customer holding the source asset (e.g. USDC on Ethereum). See [Deposits](/sandbox/deposits) for injecting a synthetic balance.
* Base URL: `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial`. Export your key:

```bash theme={null}
export SANDBOX_API_KEY="ck_sandbox_..."
export CUSTOMER_ID="cus_..."
export WALLET_ID="wlt_..."
export VA_ID="vac_..."
```

## Lifecycle overview

An OFFRAMP order moves crypto from a customer wallet to a fiat destination through these stages:

1. **Crypto deposit detected** — the customer's inbound crypto is received on their wallet. In sandbox you inject this with the `/wallets/:walletId/deposits/simulate` endpoint (the customer's wallet sending in is a real external-actor step).
2. **Conversion auto-finalizes** — the source and destination conversion legs are internal movements. The mock provider finalizes them automatically; no manual settle calls are required.
3. **`order.succeeded` fires** — the order reaches `succeeded` within seconds of the deposit being detected.

The order starts in `pending` after creation and reaches `succeeded` or `failed` as the legs settle. Intermediate state is observable only via `GET /v2/orders/:id` (poll). Terminal status surfaces via webhook.

## Full happy path

### Step A — Create the OFFRAMP order

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/orders" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "clientReferenceId": "cref-offramp-1",
      "source": {
        "type": "wallet",
        "id": "'"${WALLET_ID}"'",
        "asset": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM" }
      },
      "destination": {
        "type": "virtual_account",
        "id": "'"${VA_ID}"'"
      },
      "autoPayout": {
        "rail": "FEDWIRE",
        "recipient": {
          "rail": "US",
          "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
          "firstName": "Jane",
          "lastName": "Doe",
          "dateOfBirth": "1990-01-15",
          "countryOfCitizenship": "USA",
          "accountNumber": "123456789",
          "routingNumber": "021000021",
          "accountType": "CHECKING",
          "bankName": "First National Bank",
          "bankAddress": {
            "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
            "city": "New York",
            "state": "NY",
            "postalCode": "10017",
            "country": "USA"
          },
          "phone": "+12125551234",
          "postalAddress": {
            "addressLine1": "1 Market St",
            "city": "San Francisco",
            "state": "CA",
            "postalCode": "94105",
            "country": "USA"
          }
        }
      },
      "lockSide": "source",
      "amount": "100.000000",
      "autoExecute": true
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript theme={null}
  const response = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/orders`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      clientReferenceId: "cref-offramp-1",
      source: {
        type: "wallet",
        id: process.env.WALLET_ID,
        asset: { code: "USDC", chain: "ETHEREUM" },
      },
      destination: { type: "virtual_account", id: process.env.VA_ID },
      autoPayout: {
        rail: "FEDWIRE",
        recipient: {
          rail: "US",
          type: "INDIVIDUAL",
          firstName: "Jane",
          lastName: "Doe",
          dateOfBirth: "1990-01-15",
          countryOfCitizenship: "USA",
          accountNumber: "123456789",
          routingNumber: "021000021",
          accountType: "CHECKING",
          bankName: "First National Bank",
          bankAddress: {
            addressLine1: "270 Park Ave",
            city: "New York",
            state: "NY",
            postalCode: "10017",
            country: "USA",
          },
          phone: "+12125551234",
          postalAddress: {
            addressLine1: "1 Market St",
            city: "San Francisco",
            state: "CA",
            postalCode: "94105",
            country: "USA",
          },
        },
      },
      lockSide: "source",
      amount: "100.000000",
      autoExecute: true,
    }),
  });
  const { id: orderId } = await response.json();
  // orderId → "ord_..."
  ```

  ```python Python theme={null}
  import httpx, uuid, os

  response = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/orders",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "clientReferenceId": "cref-offramp-1",
          "source": {
              "type": "wallet",
              "id": os.environ["WALLET_ID"],
              "asset": {"code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
          },
          "destination": {"type": "virtual_account", "id": os.environ["VA_ID"]},
          "autoPayout": {
              "rail": "FEDWIRE",
              "recipient": {
                  "rail": "US",
                  "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
                  "firstName": "Jane",
                  "lastName": "Doe",
                  "dateOfBirth": "1990-01-15",
                  "countryOfCitizenship": "USA",
                  "accountNumber": "123456789",
                  "routingNumber": "021000021",
                  "accountType": "CHECKING",
                  "bankName": "First National Bank",
                  "bankAddress": {
                      "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
                      "city": "New York",
                      "state": "NY",
                      "postalCode": "10017",
                      "country": "USA",
                  },
                  "phone": "+12125551234",
                  "postalAddress": {
                      "addressLine1": "1 Market St",
                      "city": "San Francisco",
                      "state": "CA",
                      "postalCode": "94105",
                      "country": "USA",
                  },
              },
          },
          "lockSide": "source",
          "amount": "100.000000",
          "autoExecute": True,
      },
  )
  order_id = response.json()["id"]
  # order_id → "ord_..."
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`202 Accepted`. Capture `id` as `ORDER_ID`. The order is in `pending`. No webhook fires at creation time — intermediate state is polled via `GET /v2/orders/:id`.

```bash theme={null}
export ORDER_ID="ord_..."
```

### Step B — Inject a synthetic crypto deposit

The customer's inbound crypto deposit is the only external-actor step in the OFFRAMP flow. Inject a synthetic deposit following the same pattern documented at [Deposits](/sandbox/deposits):

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/wallets/${WALLET_ID}/deposits/simulate" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "100" }
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript theme={null}
  await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/customers/${customerId}/wallets/${walletId}/deposits/simulate`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        assetAmount: { code: "USDC", chain: "ETHEREUM", amount: "100" },
      }),
    },
  );
  ```

  ```python Python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid
  httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/customers/{customer_id}/wallets/{wallet_id}/deposits/simulate",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={"assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "100"}},
  )
  ```
</CodeGroup>

Once the deposit is detected, the mock provider auto-finalizes the conversion legs. Webhook: `order.succeeded` fires within seconds — no further simulate calls are needed.

Poll `GET /v2/orders/$ORDER_ID` to observe progress if needed.

## Compliance failure on the destination payout

Set `autoPayout.recipient.bankName` to one of the magic values below at order-creation time. The conversion completes normally — the OFFRAMP order reaches `succeeded`. The AML check fires on the chained Withdrawal transaction that the order spawns to deliver the fiat payout; that chained transaction fails with the matching `failureCode`. Integrators have to listen for both halves: `order.succeeded` on the order followed by `transaction.failed` on the chained payout.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/orders" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "clientReferenceId": "cref-offramp-aml",
      "source": {
        "type": "wallet",
        "id": "'"${WALLET_ID}"'",
        "asset": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM" }
      },
      "destination": { "type": "virtual_account", "id": "'"${VA_ID}"'" },
      "autoPayout": {
        "rail": "FEDWIRE",
        "recipient": {
          "rail": "US",
          "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
          "firstName": "Jane",
          "lastName": "Doe",
          "dateOfBirth": "1990-01-15",
          "countryOfCitizenship": "USA",
          "accountNumber": "123456789",
          "routingNumber": "021000021",
          "accountType": "CHECKING",
          "bankName": "SANDBOX_AML_REJECTED",
          "bankAddress": {
            "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
            "city": "New York",
            "state": "NY",
            "postalCode": "10017",
            "country": "USA"
          },
          "phone": "+12125551234",
          "postalAddress": {
            "addressLine1": "1 Market St",
            "city": "San Francisco",
            "state": "CA",
            "postalCode": "94105",
            "country": "USA"
          }
        }
      },
      "lockSide": "source",
      "amount": "100.000000",
      "autoExecute": true
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript theme={null}
  const response = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/orders`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      clientReferenceId: "cref-offramp-aml",
      source: {
        type: "wallet",
        id: process.env.WALLET_ID,
        asset: { code: "USDC", chain: "ETHEREUM" },
      },
      destination: { type: "virtual_account", id: process.env.VA_ID },
      autoPayout: {
        rail: "FEDWIRE",
        recipient: {
          rail: "US",
          type: "INDIVIDUAL",
          firstName: "Jane",
          lastName: "Doe",
          dateOfBirth: "1990-01-15",
          countryOfCitizenship: "USA",
          accountNumber: "123456789",
          routingNumber: "021000021",
          accountType: "CHECKING",
          bankName: "SANDBOX_AML_REJECTED",
          bankAddress: {
            addressLine1: "270 Park Ave",
            city: "New York",
            state: "NY",
            postalCode: "10017",
            country: "USA",
          },
          phone: "+12125551234",
          postalAddress: {
            addressLine1: "1 Market St",
            city: "San Francisco",
            state: "CA",
            postalCode: "94105",
            country: "USA",
          },
        },
      },
      lockSide: "source",
      amount: "100.000000",
      autoExecute: true,
    }),
  });
  ```

  ```python Python theme={null}
  import httpx, uuid, os

  response = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/orders",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "clientReferenceId": "cref-offramp-aml",
          "source": {
              "type": "wallet",
              "id": os.environ["WALLET_ID"],
              "asset": {"code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
          },
          "destination": {"type": "virtual_account", "id": os.environ["VA_ID"]},
          "autoPayout": {
              "rail": "FEDWIRE",
              "recipient": {
                  "rail": "US",
                  "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
                  "firstName": "Jane",
                  "lastName": "Doe",
                  "dateOfBirth": "1990-01-15",
                  "countryOfCitizenship": "USA",
                  "accountNumber": "123456789",
                  "routingNumber": "021000021",
                  "accountType": "CHECKING",
                  "bankName": "SANDBOX_AML_REJECTED",
                  "bankAddress": {
                      "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
                      "city": "New York",
                      "state": "NY",
                      "postalCode": "10017",
                      "country": "USA",
                  },
                  "phone": "+12125551234",
                  "postalAddress": {
                      "addressLine1": "1 Market St",
                      "city": "San Francisco",
                      "state": "CA",
                      "postalCode": "94105",
                      "country": "USA",
                  },
              },
          },
          "lockSide": "source",
          "amount": "100.000000",
          "autoExecute": True,
      },
  )
  ```
</CodeGroup>

Create the order with the magic `bankName` and inject the synthetic crypto deposit (Step B above). The conversion auto-finalizes (`order.succeeded`) and the OFFRAMP order spawns its chained payout Withdrawal (`transaction.created` carries `linkedOrderId` pointing back at the parent order id). The compliance gate fires on the chained Withdrawal and it terminates as `transaction.failed`.

| `bankName` magic value   | `failureCode` on the chained Withdrawal `transaction.failed` |
| ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `SANDBOX_AML_REJECTED`   | `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`                                 |
| `SANDBOX_AML_SANCTIONED` | `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` †                               |

The value is case-sensitive. Any other `bankName` takes the happy path.

† On withdrawals (including the chained payout that a successful OFFRAMP order spawns), both `REJECTED` and sanctions classifications surface the same public `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` failure code. The underlying classification is recorded for audit.

## Destination payout rail failure

To test a fiat rail rejection on the chained payout (after a successful conversion), set `autoPayout.recipient.accountNumber` to a value ending in the following suffixes at order-create time. The conversion completes normally; the chained payout then fails with the corresponding `failureCode` on a separate `transaction.failed` webhook for the Withdrawal transaction.

| `accountNumber` last 8 digits | `failureCode` on the Withdrawal                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `94009001`                    | `RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `94009002`                    | `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `94009003`                    | `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `94009004`                    | `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE` (rail-provider timeout — internal `PROVIDER_TIMEOUT` distinction preserved on internal logs; the public surface emits the same `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE` by design — integration retry semantics are identical for either cause) |

Create the order with the magic `accountNumber`, inject the synthetic deposit (Step B), and observe the OFFRAMP order complete followed by a `transaction.failed` on the chained Withdrawal. No mid-flow simulate call is needed.

## Rate lock expiry

To test what happens when the rate lock window expires before the order is executed:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/orders/${ORDER_ID}/simulate/rate-lock-expired" \
  -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
```

`200 OK` returning the order at its current state. The rate lock timestamp is backdated so the next sweep treats the order as expired. Webhook: `order.cancelled` with `cancellationReason: "expired"`. Semantics are identical to the ONRAMP variant; see [ONRAMP orders](/sandbox/onramps) for a worked example.

<Note>
  The order reaches `cancelled (expired)` within about 3 seconds via an immediate background sweep tick. No polling backoff needed; no need to wait for the scheduled 30-second sweep.
</Note>

## Conversion failure

To force the entire order to a failed terminal state, call `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed` at any point after the order is created. The endpoint is timing-independent: if the conversion has not yet started, the failure is armed and applied as soon as it does; if it is already in flight, it is aborted regardless of which leg the order is on:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST "https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/orders/${ORDER_ID}/simulate/conversion-failed" \
  -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"reason":"Provider rate stale"}'
```

`200 OK` returning the order at its current state. Webhook: `order.failed` carrying `orderId`, `customerId`, `clientReferenceId`, `reasonCode`, `failureMessage` (the `reason` you supplied), and `failedAt`. See [Conversions](/sandbox/conversions) for the full endpoint reference.

## Order lifecycle states

| Status      | Meaning                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | Next transitions                   |
| ----------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| `pending`   | Order created; rate locked; awaiting execution                                                                                                                                                                             | `succeeded`, `failed`, `cancelled` |
| `succeeded` | Both conversion legs settled; crypto debited, fiat credited to the customer's virtual account. The chained Withdrawal that delivers the fiat payout is tracked separately as a `transaction.*` event stream.               | Terminal                           |
| `failed`    | A conversion leg failed (e.g. via `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed`). Destination-payout failures — AML, rail — do **not** put the order in `failed`; they surface on the chained Withdrawal's `transaction.failed`. | Terminal                           |
| `cancelled` | Order cancelled by client or expired before execution                                                                                                                                                                      | Terminal                           |

<Note>
  Intermediate steps (source settled, conversion in progress) are not reflected as order statuses and do not emit webhooks. Poll `GET /v2/orders/{orderId}` for current state; only the terminal outcomes surface via webhook.
</Note>

## Webhook events

| Event                 | When it fires                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `order.created`       | Order accepted, rate locked.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `order.succeeded`     | Order reached terminal `succeeded` state: crypto debited, conversion completed. The chained Withdrawal that delivers the fiat payout is a separate transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `order.failed`        | Order reached terminal `failed` state (e.g. `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed`). Payload carries `reasonCode` (`INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` / `PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE` / `PROVIDER_REJECTED` / `INTERNAL_ERROR` / `CANCELLED`). AML / rail failures on the destination payout do **not** surface here — they surface on `transaction.failed` for the chained Withdrawal. |
| `order.cancelled`     | Order cancelled (expired or client-cancelled). Payload carries `cancellationReason`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `transaction.created` | A chained Withdrawal is dispatched to deliver the fiat payout. The payload carries `linkedOrderId` pointing back at the parent OFFRAMP order.                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `transaction.failed`  | The chained Withdrawal failed (compliance reject, rail failure). Payload carries `failureCode`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |

<Note>
  The forward direction is also available: `GET /v2/orders/:id` returns `linkedTransactionIds: string[]` — every transaction the order has spawned so far. The array starts empty and grows as the workflow progresses; it stays in sync across `/cancel`, `/execute`, and subsequent GETs. Use it when you have an order id and need to fan out to every transaction it produced without scanning a webhook log.
</Note>

## Errors

See [Errors](/errors) for the full error shape. `failureCode` values your integration should branch on when the OFFRAMP destination payout fails — these surface on the **chained Withdrawal's `transaction.failed`** event, not on the OFFRAMP order:

* `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` — the payout recipient failed the compliance check; not retryable without investigation.
* `RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED` / `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE` / `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE` — payment-rail failures; adjust amount, recipient, or rail and retry.

If the OFFRAMP order itself fails (conversion aborted via `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed`), the failure surfaces on `order.failed` with `reasonCode`.

## Sequence diagram

```mermaid theme={null}
sequenceDiagram
    participant You as Your backend
    participant API as Conduit sandbox
    participant WH as Your webhook endpoint

    You->>API: POST /v2/orders (source=wallet, destination=virtual_account)
    API-->>You: 202 { id: "ord_..." }

    You->>API: POST /v2/sandbox/customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId}/deposits/simulate
    API-->>You: 201 { id: "dep_..." }

    Note over API: Mock provider auto-finalizes conversion legs
    Note over You,API: Poll GET /v2/orders/{orderId} to observe progress (optional)

    API-->>WH: order.succeeded
    API-->>WH: transaction.created (chained Withdrawal; linkedOrderId = ord_...)
    API-->>WH: transaction.failed (on compliance / rail failure) — OR — transaction.completed (happy path)
```

## Related pages

<CardGroup>
  <Card title="ONRAMP orders" href="/sandbox/onramps">
    Fiat-in to crypto-out — the mirror flow
  </Card>

  <Card title="Deposits" href="/sandbox/deposits">
    Injecting synthetic crypto balances into a customer wallet
  </Card>

  <Card title="Conversions" href="/sandbox/conversions">
    FX conversion leg mechanics and failure scenarios
  </Card>

  <Card title="Errors" href="/errors">
    Full error catalog and failureCode reference
  </Card>
</CardGroup>


# ONRAMP orders (sandbox)
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/onramps

Step-by-step guide to testing fiat-in → crypto-out ONRAMP orders in sandbox: happy path, failure scenarios, rate-lock expiry, and webhooks

An ONRAMP order converts a customer's fiat deposit into a crypto asset. In sandbox every bank transfer and crypto delivery is synthetic — no real funds move and no chain is involved. The source (fiat-in) and destination (crypto-out) conversion legs are internal movements that the mock provider finalizes automatically. `order.succeeded` fires within seconds of order creation — no manual settle calls are required for the happy path.

Both legs are Conduit-internal movements (there is no external actor delivering fiat or crypto on either side). Because there is no real external actor that can independently fail these legs, there is no mid-flow injection lever for them. Use `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed` (below) to drive the whole order to a failed terminal state, or create the pending auto-execute order first and then inject a source fiat deposit whose `senderInfo.accountNumber` carries a failure suffix — see [Deposits](/sandbox/deposits) and [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview).

## Prerequisites

* An `ACTIVE` customer with at least one virtual account for the source fiat asset. Follow [Sandbox quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart) if you haven't set this up yet.
* Your sandbox API key exported as `SANDBOX_API_KEY`.
* The customer's virtual account ID exported as `VA_ID`.

```bash theme={null}
export SANDBOX_API_KEY="ck_sandbox_..."
export CUSTOMER_ID="cus_..."
export VA_ID="vac_..."
```

## Lifecycle overview

An ONRAMP order moves through these stages: the order is created and rate-locked → the source (fiat-in) and destination (crypto-out) conversion legs finalize automatically → `order.succeeded` fires. The conversion sub-leg is covered in detail on [/sandbox/conversions](/sandbox/conversions).

Because both legs are internal movements in sandbox, there are no manual settle calls in the happy path. Use `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed` to force the order to a failed terminal state, or create the pending order and then simulate a source fiat deposit with a deposit suffix.

Intermediate state is observable only via `GET /v2/orders/:id` (poll). Terminal status surfaces via webhook: `order.succeeded` or `order.failed` or `order.cancelled`.

## Full happy path

### Step A — Create the order

Create the order by supplying the source virtual account (USD), the destination wallet (USDC), the lock side, and the amount. Set `autoExecute: true` to let the platform begin execution immediately.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/orders \
    -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "clientReferenceId": "cref-onramp-1",
      "source": { "type": "virtual_account", "id": "'"$VA_ID"'" },
      "destination": {
        "type": "wallet",
        "id": "wlt_<your-wallet-id>",
        "asset": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM" }
      },
      "lockSide": "source",
      "amount": "100.00",
      "autoExecute": true
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript theme={null}
  const response = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/orders`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      clientReferenceId: "cref-onramp-1",
      source: { type: "virtual_account", id: process.env.VA_ID },
      destination: {
        type: "wallet",
        id: "wlt_<your-wallet-id>",
        asset: { code: "USDC", chain: "ETHEREUM" },
      },
      lockSide: "source",
      amount: "100.00",
      autoExecute: true,
    }),
  });
  const { id: orderId } = await response.json();
  // orderId → "ord_..."
  ```

  ```python Python theme={null}
  import httpx, uuid, os

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/orders",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "clientReferenceId": "cref-onramp-1",
          "source": {"type": "virtual_account", "id": os.environ["VA_ID"]},
          "destination": {
              "type": "wallet",
              "id": "wlt_<your-wallet-id>",
              "asset": {"code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM"},
          },
          "lockSide": "source",
          "amount": "100.00",
          "autoExecute": True,
      },
  )
  order_id = r.json()["id"]
  # order_id → "ord_..."
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`202 Accepted`. Capture `id` as `ORDER_ID`. The mock provider auto-finalizes the source (fiat-in) and destination (crypto-out) legs internally. Webhook: `order.succeeded` (status: `succeeded`) fires within seconds — no manual settle calls are needed.

```bash theme={null}
export ORDER_ID="ord_..."
```

Poll `GET /v2/orders/$ORDER_ID` to observe progress if needed. No webhook fires for intermediate leg state — only terminal outcomes emit a webhook.

## Simulate conversion failure

Force the in-flight conversion to fail regardless of which leg it is waiting on. The order terminates in `failed`; any funds already debited from the source are returned automatically.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/orders/$ORDER_ID/simulate/conversion-failed \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"reason":"Provider rate stale"}'
```

`200 OK` returning the order at its current state. Webhook: `order.failed` carrying `orderId`, `customerId`, `clientReferenceId`, `reasonCode`, `failureMessage` (the `reason` you supplied), and `failedAt`. See [/sandbox/conversions](/sandbox/conversions) for more detail.

## Source-deposit AML failure

For unfunded ONRAMP tests, create the order with `autoExecute: true`, then inject the fiat source deposit through the deposits simulator with `senderInfo.accountNumber` ending in `95009001` or `95009002`. The deposit freezes with `transaction.failed` and `failureCode: "COMPLIANCE_HOLD"`, and the oldest pending auto-execute order that matches the deposit and is amount-covered emits `order.failed` within a few seconds. `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed` remains the lever for conversion-level failures after the order has begun executing.

## Simulate rate-lock expiry

Backdates the order's rate-lock timestamp so the next sweep cycle treats the lock as expired. The order transitions to `cancelled` with `cancellationReason: "expired"`.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/orders/$ORDER_ID/simulate/rate-lock-expired \
  -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)"
```

`200 OK` returning the order at its current state. Webhook: `order.cancelled` with `cancellationReason: "expired"`. Cancellation lands within \~1 second via an immediate background sweep tick. No need to wait for the scheduled 30-second sweep.

<Note>
  This endpoint enqueues an immediate sweep tick so you can verify your integration handles rate-lock expiry without waiting for the live lock window to elapse.
</Note>

## Order status reference

| Status      | Meaning                                                                                              | Possible next statuses             |
| ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| `pending`   | Order created; rate locked. Execution has not started.                                               | `succeeded`, `failed`, `cancelled` |
| `succeeded` | Source debited, conversion completed, destination credited. Terminal.                                | —                                  |
| `failed`    | Execution failed on the source, conversion, or destination leg. Terminal.                            | —                                  |
| `cancelled` | Order cancelled before execution. `cancellationReason` is `expired` or `client_cancelled`. Terminal. | —                                  |

<Note>
  Intermediate steps (source settled, conversion in progress) are not reflected as order statuses and do not emit webhooks. Poll `GET /v2/orders/{orderId}` for current state; only the terminal outcomes (`succeeded`, `failed`, `cancelled`) surface via webhook.
</Note>

## Webhook events

| Event             | When it fires                                                                                                                                |
| ----------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `order.succeeded` | Order reached `succeeded`: source debited, destination credited. Carries `transactionId`, `sourceAssetAmount`, `destinationAssetAmount`.     |
| `order.failed`    | Order reached `failed`. `reasonCode` is `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS`, `PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE`, `PROVIDER_REJECTED`, `INTERNAL_ERROR`, or `CANCELLED`. |
| `order.cancelled` | Order cancelled before execution. `cancellationReason` is `expired` or `client_cancelled`.                                                   |

## Errors

Simulate endpoints return `404 ORDER_NOT_FOUND` when the order does not exist or belongs to a different organization. Replays against an already-terminal order return `200` with the order at its current state (idempotent). If execution has not yet started, the simulator arms the failure for when it does. See [/errors](/errors) for the full error shape. The `order.failed` payload carries `reasonCode` (`INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` / `PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE` / `PROVIDER_REJECTED` / `INTERNAL_ERROR` / `CANCELLED`) describing the failure category.

## Sequence diagram

```mermaid theme={null}
sequenceDiagram
    participant You as Your backend
    participant API as Conduit sandbox
    participant WH as Your webhook endpoint

    You->>API: POST /v2/orders (source=virtual_account, destination=wallet)
    API-->>You: 202 Accepted { id: "ord_..." }

    Note over API: Mock provider auto-finalizes source and destination legs
    Note over You,API: Poll GET /v2/orders/{orderId} to observe progress (optional)

    API-->>WH: order.succeeded (status: succeeded)
```

## Related pages

* [Sandbox quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart) — set up customer, virtual account, and wallet in under 5 minutes
* [OFFRAMP orders](/sandbox/offramps) — crypto-in → fiat-out counterpart
* [Conversions](/sandbox/conversions) — conversion sub-leg reference
* [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview) — full sandbox posture and what is synthetic
* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks) — full payload schemas for all `order.*` events
* [Errors](/errors) — RFC 9457 error shape and `failureCode` catalog


# Sandbox overview
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/overview

How the Conduit sandbox cluster differs from production, what's mocked, and how to drive specific scenarios

## What the sandbox does

The Conduit sandbox cluster (`https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial`) mirrors production with three differences designed to make integration safe and deterministic:

**Sandbox is fully isolated: no real chain activity, no third-party calls. You get deterministic outcomes and synthetic artifacts that match the shape of real ones.**

1. **Compliance and Travel Rule are isolated.** Sandbox builds never reach upstream compliance services. Outcomes are determined locally by your request data — specifically, by the destination address suffix, fiat account-number suffix, or magic `bankName` value you submit.
2. **Chain broadcast is isolated.** Sandbox does not sign or broadcast to any chain. Withdrawals receive a deterministic synthetic `txHash` shaped like a real one, but nothing is wired to a public network and the hash is not visible on any explorer.
3. **Scenario forcing via magic values.** Specific address suffixes, account-number suffixes, and magic field values deterministically trigger compliance, Travel Rule, and chain outcomes. See the per-flow guides below.

Your sandbox API key is scoped to your sandbox organization and never reaches production.

## Sandbox vs. production at a glance

| Feature                                             | Sandbox                                                                                                                    | Production                          |
| --------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| API key format                                      | `ck_sandbox_...`                                                                                                           | `ck_live_...`                       |
| Compliance screening                                | Isolated; outcome from address suffix, account-number suffix, or magic `bankName`                                          | Real upstream call                  |
| Travel Rule                                         | Isolated; counterparty webhook auto-fires after 10s                                                                        | Real VASP resolution                |
| Wallet signing                                      | Isolated; `payouts/:id/simulate/cosign` only (no auto-pilot)                                                               | Customer passkey via verify page    |
| Chain broadcast                                     | Synthetic `txHash`; no real chain                                                                                          | Mainnet/testnet per asset config    |
| Chain finality (custodial)                          | `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/confirm`                                                                            | Real chain confirmation (\~minutes) |
| Chain finality after non-custodial APPROVED         | Auto-resolves within \~5s via background autopilot; no `simulate/confirm` needed                                           | Real chain confirmation (\~minutes) |
| Fiat settlement                                     | `POST payouts/:id/simulate/settled`                                                                                        | Real rail settlement                |
| Idempotency-key TTL                                 | 300 seconds (5 minutes)                                                                                                    | 300 seconds (5 minutes)             |
| Webhook signatures                                  | Same HMAC-SHA256 as production                                                                                             | HMAC-SHA256                         |
| Rate ingestion                                      | Isolated (stable quotes; use `orders/:id/simulate/rate-lock-expired` to test expiry)                                       | Live FX market                      |
| Sender-info: payload `daysRemaining` / `deadlineAt` | Always 30 days (live-equivalent)                                                                                           | Always 30 days                      |
| Sender-info: auto-timeout                           | \~30 seconds (sandbox internal timer)                                                                                      | 30 days                             |
| KYC/KYB decisions                                   | `POST /v2/sandbox/applications/:id/simulate/decision` with body `{ "outcome": "approved" }` or `{ "outcome": "rejected" }` | Real review pipeline                |

<Warning>
  Sandbox does not auto-resolve cosign. Call `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/cosign` with `{ "outcome": "approved" }` explicitly after creating a non-custodial payout, or the payout parks indefinitely at the cosign gate. Production requires a real customer signature; sandbox mirrors that requirement.
</Warning>

<Note>
  **Sandbox-only conveniences (not behavior you get in production).**

  1. **Ops liquidity is on-demand.** The ops accounts behind every payout (the crypto ops wallet for crypto, the banking-provider account for fiat) are auto-provisioned on first use. Production requires the operator to pre-seed liquidity; sandbox does not. Your first payout never hits an ops 503.
  2. **`POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets` absorbs the provider-account provisioning race** (up to about 5 second bounded poll), so you can call it immediately after enabling the `CRYPTO_WALLET` feature.
  3. **`orders/:id/simulate/rate-lock-expired` cancels orders in about 3 seconds** via an immediate sweep tick (not the 30-second scheduled sweep).
  4. **Forced-failure reasons round-trip 1:1.** `transactions/:id/simulate/terminal { outcome: "failed", reason }`, `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed { reason }`, and address-suffix scenarios all flow the operator-supplied text to the polled `GET` and to the webhook payload identically.
  5. **Force-failing a payout at the cosign gate releases the cosign lock immediately;** the next payout on the same wallet is accepted within milliseconds.
</Note>

## Where to start

New to the sandbox? Follow the [Quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart) to complete your first end-to-end transaction in under 5 minutes.

For detailed guides on each transaction type:

* [Deposits](/sandbox/deposits) — fiat and crypto deposit simulation, suffix catalog, sender-information gate
* [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals) — crypto and fiat withdrawal simulation, chain and cosign scenarios
* [Conversions](/sandbox/conversions) — the FX conversion leg inside orders, rate-stale and provider-unavailable paths
* [Onramps](/sandbox/onramps) — fiat-in to crypto-out orders, full lifecycle
* [Offramps](/sandbox/offramps) — crypto-in to fiat-out orders, full lifecycle

Each per-flow page above covers happy paths plus the failure scenarios specific to that flow (deposit AML, withdrawal cosign, conversion failures, etc.). Copy-paste recipes live inline in those pages.

## Driving scenarios

Four mechanisms cover every meaningful failure mode:

* **Crypto destination address suffix** (last 8 hex chars on EVM; last 8 Base58 chars on Tron/Solana) — drives compliance and Travel Rule outcomes for crypto withdrawals. See [Withdrawal failure paths](/sandbox/withdrawals#failure-paths) and [Travel Rule scenarios](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios).
* **Fiat account-number suffix** (last 8 digits of `recipient.accountNumber` for payouts, or `senderInfo.accountNumber` for source deposits) — drives settlement outcomes for fiat payouts and source-funding compliance outcomes for fiat source deposits. See [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals), [Deposits](/sandbox/deposits), and [ONRAMP orders](/sandbox/onramps).
* **`autoPayout.recipient.bankName` magic value** (`SANDBOX_AML_REJECTED`, `SANDBOX_AML_SANCTIONED`) — drives compliance outcomes on the fiat payout leg of OFFRAMP orders. See [Offramps](/sandbox/offramps).
* **`POST /v2/sandbox/.../simulate/*` endpoints** — advance asynchronous state without waiting for automatic timers: chain finality (`payouts/:id/simulate/confirm`), fiat settlement (`payouts/:id/simulate/settled`), order-level failure (`orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed`), rate-lock expiry (`orders/:id/simulate/rate-lock-expired`), counterparty webhook overrides (`payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook`), and transaction-level terminal simulation (`transactions/:id/simulate/terminal`) for withdrawals, deposits, onramps, and offramps. Internal-transfer rows are not simulatable. Conduit-internal movements (conversion legs, ops-to-ops sweeps) settle automatically; their failure paths are still testable via the suffix protocol or armed failure knobs at create-time. See [Withdrawal failure paths + chain reference](/sandbox/withdrawals#simulate-broadcast-failure-pre-broadcast-arm).

Address/account-number suffixes set the desired terminal state at creation time; simulate-\* endpoints let you inject failures or pre-empt any auto-pilot timer for fine control.

## Notes

* Suffixes are matched against the **last 8 characters** of the rail-canonical destination address (lowercased hex for EVM; Base58 verbatim for Tron and Solana).
* Magic suffixes are **sandbox-only**. Sending the same address against the live API screens through real compliance and Travel Rule services — the suffix has no meaning there.
* Real-customer collision probability for an 8-char hex suffix is \~1 in 4.3 billion. Don't use magic suffixes in production address books.
* The `Sandbox` tab of the OpenAPI reference enumerates every sandbox-only endpoint. Live API consumers never see them.

## See also

* [Sandbox quickstart](/sandbox/quickstart)
* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks)
* [Error codes](/errors)
* [Deposits](/sandbox/deposits)
* [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals)


# Sandbox quickstart
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/quickstart

Zero to first transaction in under 10 minutes. API key to a transaction.completed webhook, one linear page.

<Note>
  **Total time: about 10 minutes.** This page walks the full chain from API key to a `transaction.completed` webhook. Every code sample uses the [themed example data palette](/sandbox/example-data); none of the values collide with magic suffixes.
</Note>

## Prerequisites

* A sandbox API key (`ck_sandbox_...`). Find yours in the dashboard under API Keys.
* A webhook endpoint URL. Use [webhook.site](https://webhook.site) as a free stand-in for a real endpoint.

Set up the environment once:

```bash theme={null}
export SANDBOX_HOST="https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial"
export SANDBOX_API_KEY="ck_sandbox_..."
export WEBHOOK_URL="https://webhook.site/<your-token>"
```

## How the flow works

```mermaid theme={null}
sequenceDiagram
    participant You as Your backend
    participant API as Conduit sandbox
    participant WH as Your webhook endpoint

    You->>API: POST /v2/documents (KYB doc, purpose: kyc)
    API-->>You: 201 { id: doc_... }
    You->>API: POST /v2/onboarding (with documentIds: [doc_...])
    API-->>You: 202 { id: app_..., status: processing }
    You->>API: POST /v2/sandbox/applications/:id/simulate/decision {outcome: approved}
    API-->>You: 200 { id: app_..., status: approved }
    API-->>WH: application.approved { customerId: cus_... }
    You->>API: POST /v2/customers/:id/features (VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT, asset: USD)
    API-->>You: 202 { id: app_..., status: approved }
    API-->>WH: virtual_account.activated { virtualAccountId: vac_... }
    You->>API: POST /v2/sandbox/customers/:id/virtual-accounts/:vacId/deposits/simulate
    API-->>WH: transaction.created
    API-->>WH: transaction.completed (DEPOSIT)
    You->>API: POST /v2/documents (purpose: transaction_support)
    API-->>You: 201 { id: doc_... }
    You->>API: POST /v2/payouts { purpose, documents: [doc_...] }
    API-->>You: 202 { id: txn_..., status: pending }
    You->>API: POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate-review-approve
    API-->>You: 200 (transaction payload)
    API-->>WH: transaction.completed (WITHDRAWAL)
```

## Step 1 - Upload a KYB document

Onboarding requires at least one supporting business document. Upload a minimal PDF first and capture the returned `id` for Step 2.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  KYB_DOC_ID=$(curl -s -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/documents" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -F "file=@./articles-of-incorporation.pdf;type=application/pdf" \
    -F "purpose=kyc" | jq -r '.id')
  echo "KYB document ID: $KYB_DOC_ID"
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  import fs from "node:fs";

  const form = new FormData();
  form.append("purpose", "kyc");
  form.append(
    "file",
    new Blob([fs.readFileSync("./articles-of-incorporation.pdf")], { type: "application/pdf" }),
    "articles-of-incorporation.pdf",
  );

  const docRes = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/documents`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
    },
    body: form,
  });
  const { id: kybDocId } = await docRes.json();
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  with open("./articles-of-incorporation.pdf", "rb") as f:
      r = httpx.post(
          f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/documents",
          headers={
              "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
              "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          },
          data={"purpose": "kyc"},
          files={"file": ("articles-of-incorporation.pdf", f, "application/pdf")},
      )
  kyb_doc_id = r.json()["id"]
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`201 Created` returns `{ "id": "doc_...", ... }`. Capture the `doc_...` id as `KYB_DOC_ID` — Step 2 references it in `documentIds`.

Allowed file types: PDF, PNG, JPEG. Maximum size: 10 MB. The file content (not the filename or `Content-Type`) is what's validated.

***

## Step 2 - Onboard the customer

Submit a business onboarding application for Aurora Robotics Inc. with Aiko Tanaka as the beneficial owner. In sandbox the review pipeline is mocked; there is no real KYB call.

<Note>
  Onboarding requirements are dynamic. Call `GET /v2/onboarding/requirements?country=USA` first to fetch the live `{ fields[], documents[], individualRequirements[] }`. The body below is one valid US shape, not a fixed contract. Sandbox and production use the same requirements.
</Note>

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  APP_ID=$(curl -s -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/onboarding" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "businessInfo": {
        "businessName": "Aurora Robotics Inc.",
        "businessEntityId": "4567890",
        "taxId": "47-1234567",
        "website": "https://aurorarobotics.example",
        "contactInformation": "+12125550199"
      },
      "registeredAddress": {
        "country": "USA",
        "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
        "city": "New York",
        "state": "US-NY",
        "zipcode": "10017"
      },
      "companyClassification": {
        "legalStructure": "Limited Liability Company (multi-member)",
        "incorporationDate": "2020-01-15",
        "coreIndustry": "Financial Technology"
      },
      "businessActivity": {
        "businessActivitiesDescription": "Treasury management for robotics operations",
        "accountPurpose": ["Treasury Management"],
        "productsServices": ["Digital Wallet"],
        "isRegulated": false,
        "operatesOnBehalf": false,
        "countriesOfActivity": ["USA"],
        "avgMonthlyVolume": "VOLUME_10K_50K",
        "estimatedTransactionsPerMonth": "10-50",
        "usesBlockchainWallets": false,
        "fundFlowDescription": "Revenue in, expenses out",
        "sourceOfFunds": ["Revenue/Sales"],
        "isGeneratingRevenue": true,
        "revenueCovers": "All operating expenses",
        "hasInstitutionalInvestors": false,
        "financialRunway": "RUNWAY_GT_12M",
        "cashOnHand": "$1M-$5M"
      },
      "regulatoryHistory": {
        "hasUSBankAccount": true,
        "deniedBankAccount": false,
        "hasPoliticallyExposedPersons": false,
        "businessAdverseActions": ["None"],
        "ownersDirectorsAdverseActions": ["None"]
      },
      "ownership": {
        "persons": [{
          "firstName": "Aiko",
          "lastName": "Tanaka",
          "email": "aiko.tanaka@aurorarobotics.example",
          "phoneNumber": "+12125550199",
          "birthDate": "1988-06-15",
          "nationality": "USA",
          "governmentIdType": "SSN",
          "governmentIdNumber": "123-45-6789",
          "governmentIdCountry": "USA",
          "ssn": "123-45-6789",
          "taxResidencyCountry": "USA",
          "ownershipPercent": 100,
          "sharesAllocated": 1000,
          "roles": ["BENEFICIAL_OWNER", "CONTROLLING_PERSON"]
        }]
      },
      "certification": {
        "consentToElectronicSignatures": true,
        "termsAndConditions": true,
        "treasuryOnlyCertification": true
      },
      "documentIds": ["'"$KYB_DOC_ID"'"]
    }' | jq -r '.id')
  echo "Application ID: $APP_ID"
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/onboarding`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      businessInfo: {
        businessName: "Aurora Robotics Inc.",
        businessEntityId: "4567890",
        taxId: "47-1234567",
        website: "https://aurorarobotics.example",
        contactInformation: "+12125550199",
      },
      registeredAddress: {
        country: "USA",
        addressLine1: "270 Park Ave",
        city: "New York",
        state: "US-NY",
        zipcode: "10017",
      },
      companyClassification: {
        legalStructure: "Limited Liability Company (multi-member)",
        incorporationDate: "2020-01-15",
        coreIndustry: "Financial Technology",
      },
      businessActivity: {
        businessActivitiesDescription: "Treasury management for robotics operations",
        accountPurpose: ["Treasury Management"],
        productsServices: ["Digital Wallet"],
        isRegulated: false,
        operatesOnBehalf: false,
        countriesOfActivity: ["USA"],
        avgMonthlyVolume: "VOLUME_10K_50K",
        estimatedTransactionsPerMonth: "10-50",
        usesBlockchainWallets: false,
        fundFlowDescription: "Revenue in, expenses out",
        sourceOfFunds: ["Revenue/Sales"],
        isGeneratingRevenue: true,
        revenueCovers: "All operating expenses",
        hasInstitutionalInvestors: false,
        financialRunway: "RUNWAY_GT_12M",
        cashOnHand: "$1M-$5M",
      },
      regulatoryHistory: {
        hasUSBankAccount: true,
        deniedBankAccount: false,
        hasPoliticallyExposedPersons: false,
        businessAdverseActions: ["None"],
        ownersDirectorsAdverseActions: ["None"],
      },
      ownership: {
        persons: [{
          firstName: "Aiko",
          lastName: "Tanaka",
          email: "aiko.tanaka@aurorarobotics.example",
          phoneNumber: "+12125550199",
          birthDate: "1988-06-15",
          nationality: "USA",
          governmentIdType: "SSN",
          governmentIdNumber: "123-45-6789",
          governmentIdCountry: "USA",
          ssn: "123-45-6789",
          taxResidencyCountry: "USA",
          ownershipPercent: 100,
          sharesAllocated: 1000,
          roles: ["BENEFICIAL_OWNER", "CONTROLLING_PERSON"],
        }],
      },
      certification: {
        consentToElectronicSignatures: true,
        termsAndConditions: true,
        treasuryOnlyCertification: true,
      },
      documentIds: [kybDocId],
    }),
  });
  const { id: appId } = await res.json();
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/onboarding",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "businessInfo": {
              "businessName": "Aurora Robotics Inc.",
              "businessEntityId": "4567890",
              "taxId": "47-1234567",
              "website": "https://aurorarobotics.example",
              "contactInformation": "+12125550199",
          },
          "registeredAddress": {
              "country": "USA",
              "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
              "city": "New York",
              "state": "US-NY",
              "zipcode": "10017",
          },
          "companyClassification": {
              "legalStructure": "Limited Liability Company (multi-member)",
              "incorporationDate": "2020-01-15",
              "coreIndustry": "Financial Technology",
          },
          "businessActivity": {
              "businessActivitiesDescription": "Treasury management for robotics operations",
              "accountPurpose": ["Treasury Management"],
              "productsServices": ["Digital Wallet"],
              "isRegulated": False,
              "operatesOnBehalf": False,
              "countriesOfActivity": ["USA"],
              "avgMonthlyVolume": "VOLUME_10K_50K",
              "estimatedTransactionsPerMonth": "10-50",
              "usesBlockchainWallets": False,
              "fundFlowDescription": "Revenue in, expenses out",
              "sourceOfFunds": ["Revenue/Sales"],
              "isGeneratingRevenue": True,
              "revenueCovers": "All operating expenses",
              "hasInstitutionalInvestors": False,
              "financialRunway": "RUNWAY_GT_12M",
              "cashOnHand": "$1M-$5M",
          },
          "regulatoryHistory": {
              "hasUSBankAccount": True,
              "deniedBankAccount": False,
              "hasPoliticallyExposedPersons": False,
              "businessAdverseActions": ["None"],
              "ownersDirectorsAdverseActions": ["None"],
          },
          "ownership": {
              "persons": [{
                  "firstName": "Aiko",
                  "lastName": "Tanaka",
                  "email": "aiko.tanaka@aurorarobotics.example",
                  "phoneNumber": "+12125550199",
                  "birthDate": "1988-06-15",
                  "nationality": "USA",
                  "governmentIdType": "SSN",
                  "governmentIdNumber": "123-45-6789",
                  "governmentIdCountry": "USA",
                  "ssn": "123-45-6789",
                  "taxResidencyCountry": "USA",
                  "ownershipPercent": 100,
                  "sharesAllocated": 1000,
                  "roles": ["BENEFICIAL_OWNER", "CONTROLLING_PERSON"],
              }],
          },
          "certification": {
              "consentToElectronicSignatures": True,
              "termsAndConditions": True,
              "treasuryOnlyCertification": True,
          },
          "documentIds": [kyb_doc_id],
      },
  )
  app_id = r.json()["id"]
  ```
</CodeGroup>

Returns `202 Accepted` with the application response (`{ id: "app_...", status: "processing", type: "CUSTOMER_ONBOARDING", createdAt, updatedAt, submittedAt, ... }`). Capture `id` as `APP_ID`. The application is in `status: "processing"` immediately and the review pipeline picks it up asynchronously. The `customerId` field is omitted until the application reaches `approved`.

***

## Step 3 - Approve the application

Drive the application to `APPROVED`. The synchronous response returns the application (`{ id: "app_...", status: "approved", ... }`); the new `customerId` lands a moment later via the `application.approved` webhook, and on the next `GET /v2/applications/{APP_ID}`.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  curl -s -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/applications/${APP_ID}/simulate/decision" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{ "outcome": "approved" }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/applications/${appId}/simulate/decision`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({ outcome: "approved" }),
    }
  );
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os

  httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/applications/{app_id}/simulate/decision",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={"outcome": "approved"},
  )
  ```
</CodeGroup>

Returns `200` with the application object. Your webhook receives `application.approved` carrying `customerId`. Pull the `customerId` from the webhook payload or fetch the application again.

<Warning>
  A second `simulate/decision` call on the same application returns `409 Conflict`. First call wins. If you hit 409, fetch the application to confirm its current status before retrying.
</Warning>

<Note>
  You can skip this call entirely. The sandbox auto-approves customer onboarding applications after one hour. Calling `simulate/decision` is faster for testing.
</Note>

***

## Step 4 - Create a virtual account feature

Apply for a USD virtual account on the new customer.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  VA_APP_ID=$(curl -s -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/features" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "type": "VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT",
      "asset": "USD"
    }' | jq -r '.id')
  echo "VA Application ID: $VA_APP_ID"
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/customers/${customerId}/features`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        type: "VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT",
        asset: "USD",
      }),
    }
  );
  const { id: vaAppId } = await res.json();
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/customers/{customer_id}/features",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "type": "VIRTUAL_ACCOUNT",
          "asset": "USD",
      },
  )
  va_app_id = r.json()["id"]
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`202 Accepted` returns the application with `status: "approved"` immediately — feature applications with no extra review payload auto-approve on submission. The provisioning workflow runs asynchronously; your webhook endpoint receives `virtual_account.activated { virtualAccountId: vac_... }`, and `GET /v2/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/virtual-accounts` shows the new VA `status: "active"` within a couple of seconds. Capture the `vac_...` id as `VAC_ID`.

<Note>
  There is no separate `simulate/decision` approval step for the VIRTUAL\_ACCOUNT feature. Submitting it without extra review fields auto-approves it inline; calling `simulate/decision` afterwards returns `409 APPLICATION_ALREADY_DECIDED`.
</Note>

***

## Step 5 (optional crypto branch) - Provision a crypto wallet

Skip this step if you only want the fiat path. The rest of the quickstart (deposit → fiat payout) works without a wallet.

New customers reach a usable wallet through a single non-custodial flow: **claim non-custodial control → wait for the roster to enroll → create one wallet per chain**. Calling `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets` before the claim returns `409 WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED`. The custodial path is reserved for legacy customers provisioned before the non-custodial gate; converting one of those uses `POST /v2/customers/:id/features` with `{ "type": "WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION" }` and is documented at [Custodial vs non-custodial](/sandbox/custody).

### Step 5.1 — Claim non-custodial control

`POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/claim-non-custodial` is the entry point for fresh KYB-approved customers; it provisions the non-custodial wallet account, writes the `CRYPTO_WALLET` feature row, and mints invitations for every roster member. No prior `POST /features { type: CRYPTO_WALLET }` is required.

The DTO requires at least 2 roster members and 2 admins; the example below uses a 2-of-3 roster (2 admins + 1 signer, `signingThreshold: 2`).

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  curl -s -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/wallets/claim-non-custodial" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "roster": [
        { "email": "alice@example.com", "role": "admin",  "credentialType": "passkey" },
        { "email": "bob@example.com",   "role": "admin",  "credentialType": "passkey" },
        { "email": "carol@example.com", "role": "signer", "credentialType": "passkey" }
      ],
      "signingThreshold": 2,
      "chains": ["ethereum", "polygon"]
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/customers/${customerId}/wallets/claim-non-custodial`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        roster: [
          { email: "alice@example.com", role: "admin", credentialType: "passkey" },
          { email: "bob@example.com", role: "admin", credentialType: "passkey" },
          { email: "carol@example.com", role: "signer", credentialType: "passkey" },
        ],
        signingThreshold: 2,
        chains: ["ethereum", "polygon"],
      }),
    }
  );
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/customers/{customer_id}/wallets/claim-non-custodial",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "roster": [
              {"email": "alice@example.com", "role": "admin",  "credentialType": "passkey"},
              {"email": "bob@example.com",   "role": "admin",  "credentialType": "passkey"},
              {"email": "carol@example.com", "role": "signer", "credentialType": "passkey"},
          ],
          "signingThreshold": 2,
          "chains": ["ethereum", "polygon"],
      },
  )
  ```
</CodeGroup>

### Step 5.2 — Enroll the roster

The endpoint returns `202 Accepted` with a `claimId`, `rosterSize: 3`, and `signingThreshold: 2`. Each roster member receives an invitation (`wallet_signer.invited` webhook) and must complete passkey enrollment. The signer rows are minted asynchronously by the claim workflow, so the list call below polls until all three appear before driving each headless enrollment:

```bash theme={null}
# Bounded poll until the workflow has minted the full roster (typically <2s).
for i in {1..20}; do
  COUNT=$(curl -s "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/wallet-signers" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" | jq '.data | length')
  [ "${COUNT}" -ge 3 ] && break
  sleep 1
done

# Drive each signer to ACTIVE headlessly.
curl -s "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/wallet-signers" \
  -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
  | jq -r '.data[] | .id' | while read -r SIGNER_ID; do
  curl -s -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/wallet-signers/${SIGNER_ID}/mark-enrolled" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" > /dev/null
done
```

Once the last signer activates, the wallet account auto-activates and `crypto_wallet.completed` fires for each requested chain (Ethereum, Polygon). Verify with `GET /v2/customers/:id/wallet-signers` (all three rows now `status: "ACTIVE"`) and `GET /v2/customers/:id/wallets` (one row per requested chain, each `status: "active"` with a deterministic address). At this point `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets { chain }` will succeed for any additional chain you want; called before the claim or before enrollment completes, it returns `409 WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED`. See [Custodial vs non-custodial](/sandbox/custody) for the full mental model.

***

## Step 6 - Fund the customer

Inject a synthetic USD deposit into the virtual account. The deposit completes automatically.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  curl -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/customers/${CUSTOMER_ID}/virtual-accounts/${VAC_ID}/deposits/simulate" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{ "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00" } }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/customers/${customerId}/virtual-accounts/${vacId}/deposits/simulate`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({ assetAmount: { code: "USD", amount: "1000.00" } }),
    }
  );
  const deposit = await res.json();
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/customers/{customer_id}/virtual-accounts/{vac_id}/deposits/simulate",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={"assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "1000.00"}},
  )
  deposit = r.json()
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`201 Created`. Your webhook endpoint receives `transaction.created` followed by `transaction.completed` within a few seconds. The customer's USD balance is now 1000.00.

***

## Step 7 - Upload a supporting document

Payouts require at least one supporting document. Upload a minimal PDF here and pass its `id` in the next step.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  DOC_ID=$(curl -s -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/documents" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -F "file=@invoice.pdf;type=application/pdf" \
    -F "purpose=transaction_support" \
    | jq -r '.id')
  echo "Document ID: $DOC_ID"
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const form = new FormData();
  // Any PDF file works in sandbox — the validator only checks the %PDF- header.
  form.append(
    "file",
    new Blob(["%PDF-1.4\nspeedrun"], { type: "application/pdf" }),
    "invoice.pdf",
  );
  form.append("purpose", "transaction_support");

  const docRes = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/documents`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: { "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY! },
    body: form,
  });
  const { id: docId } = await docRes.json();
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os

  doc_r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/documents",
      headers={"x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"]},
      files={"file": ("invoice.pdf", b"%PDF-1.4\nspeedrun", "application/pdf")},
      data={"purpose": "transaction_support"},
  )
  doc_id = doc_r.json()["id"]
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`201 Created`. Capture `id` as `$DOC_ID` / `docId` / `doc_id`.

***

## Step 8 - First payout

A USD payout via FedWire. The account number below has no magic suffix, so compliance clears automatically.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  TXN_ID=$(curl -s -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/payouts" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "customerId": "'"${CUSTOMER_ID}"'",
      "virtualAccountId": "'"${VAC_ID}"'",
      "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "25.00" },
      "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
      "documents": ["'"${DOC_ID}"'"],
      "destination": {
        "type": "fiat",
        "rail": "FEDWIRE",
        "recipient": {
          "rail": "US",
          "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
          "firstName": "Aiko",
          "lastName": "Tanaka",
          "accountNumber": "000094300000",
          "routingNumber": "021000021",
          "accountType": "CHECKING",
          "bankName": "Chase Bank",
          "bankAddress": {
            "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
            "city": "New York",
            "state": "NY",
            "postalCode": "10017",
            "country": "USA"
          },
          "phone": "+12125550199",
          "postalAddress": {
            "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
            "city": "New York",
            "state": "NY",
            "postalCode": "10017",
            "country": "USA"
          }
        }
      }
    }' | jq -r '.id')
  echo "Transaction ID: $TXN_ID"
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/payouts`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      customerId,
      virtualAccountId: vacId,
      assetAmount: { code: "USD", amount: "25.00" },
      purpose: "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
      documents: [docId],
      destination: {
        type: "fiat",
        rail: "FEDWIRE",
        recipient: {
          rail: "US",
          type: "INDIVIDUAL",
          firstName: "Aiko",
          lastName: "Tanaka",
          accountNumber: "000094300000",
          routingNumber: "021000021",
          accountType: "CHECKING",
          bankName: "Chase Bank",
          bankAddress: {
            addressLine1: "270 Park Ave",
            city: "New York",
            state: "NY",
            postalCode: "10017",
            country: "USA",
          },
          phone: "+12125550199",
          postalAddress: {
            addressLine1: "270 Park Ave",
            city: "New York",
            state: "NY",
            postalCode: "10017",
            country: "USA",
          },
        },
      },
    }),
  });
  const { id: txnId } = await res.json();
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/payouts",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "customerId": customer_id,
          "virtualAccountId": vac_id,
          "assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "25.00"},
          "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
          "documents": [doc_id],
          "destination": {
              "type": "fiat",
              "rail": "FEDWIRE",
              "recipient": {
                  "rail": "US",
                  "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
                  "firstName": "Aiko",
                  "lastName": "Tanaka",
                  "accountNumber": "000094300000",
                  "routingNumber": "021000021",
                  "accountType": "CHECKING",
                  "bankName": "Chase Bank",
                  "bankAddress": {
                      "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
                      "city": "New York",
                      "state": "NY",
                      "postalCode": "10017",
                      "country": "USA",
                  },
                  "phone": "+12125550199",
                  "postalAddress": {
                      "addressLine1": "270 Park Ave",
                      "city": "New York",
                      "state": "NY",
                      "postalCode": "10017",
                      "country": "USA",
                  },
              },
          },
      },
  )
  txn_id = r.json()["id"]
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`202 Accepted` with `{ "id": "txn_...", "status": "pending" }`. Capture the `id`.

***

## Step 9 - Approve the document review

When a payout's body includes `documents: [...]` (and `purpose` isn't `INTERCOMPANY`), the workflow parks at a document-review gate before broadcasting. In production a human reviewer approves the documents; in sandbox you drive that decision with the call below. Without this step the payout sits at `status: "pending"` indefinitely.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash bash theme={null}
  curl -X POST "${SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/payouts/${TXN_ID}/simulate-review-approve" \
    -H "x-api-key: ${SANDBOX_API_KEY}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{}'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/payouts/${txnId}/simulate-review-approve`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({}),
    }
  );
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/payouts/{txn_id}/simulate-review-approve",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={},
  )
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`200 OK` returns the transaction payload. The workflow resumes past the gate, broadcasts the wire, and posts the settlement leg automatically. Within a few seconds `GET /v2/transactions/${TXN_ID}` shows `status: "completed"` and your webhook receives `transaction.completed`.

<Note>
  **No separate `simulate/settled` call is needed in this flow.** The sandbox fiat-rail provider settles immediately after the review-approval gate releases. `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/settled` is for payouts that took the no-document path (e.g. `purpose: "INTERCOMPANY"` with a whitelisted recipient) and parked at the settlement gate instead of the document-review gate; calling it on a payout that already completed returns `409 CONFLICT`.
</Note>

***

## Verify

The `transaction.completed` event your endpoint receives has this shape:

```json theme={null}
{
  "type": "transaction.completed",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_...",
    "customerId": "cus_...",
    "type": "withdrawal",
    "status": "completed",
    "source": {
      "type": "virtual_account",
      "virtualAccountId": "vac_...",
      "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "25.25" }
    },
    "destination": {
      "type": "external_bank",
      "recipient": { "rail": "us" },
      "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "25.00" },
      "fedwireImad": "8c5d129f9f2e47baf76260e03d902e95"
    },
    "fees": [
      {
        "code": "FIXED_FEE",
        "type": "fixed",
        "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "0.25" }
      }
    ],
    "completedAt": "..."
  }
}
```

`status: "completed"` confirms the lifecycle is complete.

**Fee accounting.** A FEDWIRE payout carries a `FIXED_FEE` (here `0.25 USD`). The fee is **debited from the source on top of the principal**: `source.assetAmount = principal + fees`, so a 25.00 USD recipient credit shows `source.assetAmount: "25.25"`. Branching on `source.assetAmount === "25.00"` will miss every fee-bearing payout. Either branch on `destination.assetAmount` (the principal that lands at the recipient) or read `fees[]` and reconstruct.

**`fedwireImad` shape.** In sandbox the value is a synthetic 32-character lowercase hex string (e.g. `8c5d129f9f2e47baf76260e03d902e95`); in production it follows the standard Fedwire IMAD format (`YYMMDDISSSSSSSSC` from the originating bank). Both arrive on `destination.fedwireImad`. The crypto-rail equivalent destination field is `txHash`.

***

## Where to go next

You've completed a full sandbox transaction lifecycle. Explore the per-flow guides for deeper coverage of failure paths, scenario libraries, and all transaction types:

* [Deposits](/sandbox/deposits) - fiat and crypto deposit simulation, sender-information gate
* [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals) - custodial and non-custodial crypto withdrawals, fiat withdrawals, failure paths
* [Conversions](/sandbox/conversions) - FX conversion sub-flow, rate-stale and provider-unavailable scenarios
* [Onramps](/sandbox/onramps) - fiat-in to crypto-out order lifecycle
* [Offramps](/sandbox/offramps) - crypto-in to fiat-out order lifecycle
* [Custodial vs non-custodial](/sandbox/custody) - side-by-side mental model

## See also

* [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview)
* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks)
* [Error codes](/errors)


# Travel Rule scenarios
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios

Force Travel Rule resolution and counterparty webhook outcomes

## How it works

Travel Rule outcomes in sandbox are driven by two layers:

1. **Wallet screening** (synchronous, at create time): resolves a destination to one of four categories -- VASP-attributed, self-hosted, elevated risk, or sanctions match. Magic-suffix encoded.
2. **Counterparty webhook** (asynchronous, post-create): the VASP counterparty's terminal decision -- `acknowledged`, `approved`, `rejected`, `declined`. Either auto-pilot fires after 10s based on the suffix, or you call the simulate endpoint to override.

## Wallet screening scenario catalog

| Suffix     | Screening resolution               | Outcome                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ---------- | ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `5A50AB1E` | VASP-attributed                    | Routes through Travel Rule; Travel Rule row persisted in `SENT` state; no auto-pilot counterparty webhook -- drive the counterparty leg yourself via `payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook`. |
| `5E1F0577` | Self-hosted wallet                 | No Travel Rule transfer; proceeds to broadcast                                                                                                                                                    |
| `12517C00` | Elevated risk (wallet screening)   | Routes self-hosted; the score sits below the rejection threshold so the payout proceeds. The elevated-risk classification is recorded for audit.                                                  |
| `5A4070ED` | Sanctions match (wallet screening) | Payout terminates as `failed`; `transaction.failed` fires with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` (sanctions classification recorded for audit)                                            |

<Warning>
  **Address format.** EVM addresses must be all-lowercase OR a correctly EIP-55 checksummed mixed-case form. The mnemonic suffixes called out in this page are uppercase for readability; the wire-format addresses you send to the API are all-lowercase.
</Warning>

## Counterparty-outcome scenario catalog (VASP-attributed only)

These suffixes route through the Travel Rule flow and auto-fire the encoded counterparty-webhook outcome 10 seconds after the payout is created.

Pre-emption via `payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook` cancels the pending auto-pilot job. There is a sub-second race window if the auto-pilot has already started; in that case both signals may be processed in arrival order.

| Suffix     | Auto-pilot counterparty outcome                                       | Final transfer state                                                                                                                                                                            | Effect on payout                                                                           |
| ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `AC6BC0DE` | `acknowledged` only (no terminal)                                     | `ACK`                                                                                                                                                                                           | Informational — payout proceeds.                                                           |
| `ACCEEDED` | `approved`                                                            | `ACCEPTED`                                                                                                                                                                                      | Informational — payout proceeds (counterparty resolution does not gate broadcast).         |
| `BAD6A1A4` | `rejected`                                                            | `REJECTED`                                                                                                                                                                                      | See [pre- vs post-broadcast carve-out](#pre--vs-post-broadcast) below.                     |
| `DEC11A1D` | `declined`                                                            | `DECLINED`                                                                                                                                                                                      | Same as `BAD6A1A4`; see [pre- vs post-broadcast carve-out](#pre--vs-post-broadcast) below. |
| `DA171465` | `WAITING_FOR_INFORMATION` at `/tx/create`, then auto-pilot `approved` | Row starts at `WAITING_FOR_INFORMATION` (the payout broadcasts in parallel), then advances to `ACCEPTED` via the auto-pilot webhook. The broadcast leg never blocks on counterparty resolution. |                                                                                            |

For non-custodial payouts that park at `await-user-cosign` waiting for the customer's signature, the auto-pilot `rejected` / `declined` arriving during that wait terminates the payout before the on-chain broadcast happens. For custodial payouts that broadcast inline, the auto-pilot fires after broadcast.

### Pre- vs post-broadcast

**Pre-broadcast:** counterparty REJECTED / DECLINED cancels and terminalizes the transaction (custodial and non-custodial).

**Post-broadcast in sandbox:** the transaction terminalizes with `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`; the counterparty `reason` surfaces on `failureMessage` within about 5 seconds.

**Post-broadcast in production:** audit-only; a confirmed chain transfer cannot be unwound (FATF Rec. 16).

<Tip>
  **To guarantee a pre-broadcast terminal rejection:** use a non-custodial wallet (the cosign gate parks the request), call `payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook { outcome: "rejected", reason }` BEFORE `payouts/:id/simulate/cosign { outcome: "approved" }`. Or use the suffix `BAD7E517` (TR\_TX\_VALIDATE\_REJECTED), which is unconditionally pre-broadcast.
</Tip>

| Suffix     | Pre-broadcast outcome                                                                                                                                 |
| ---------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `BAD7E517` | Travel Rule validation rejection → payout fails before broadcast                                                                                      |
| `5A4ED0DD` | Travel Rule row is persisted in a non-sendable state after `/tx/create` → payout fails pre-broadcast with `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`                      |
| `503CA110` | Travel Rule provider returns a retryable unavailable error; retries exhaust and the payout parks in `status: processing`                              |
| `D15CCAD0` | Travel Rule discrepancy: customer attests self-custody but wallet screening identifies a VASP — payout fails with `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED` |

## How to guarantee a pre-broadcast terminal rejection

A counterparty rejection arrives pre-broadcast only when the cosign gate is still open. Two reliable approaches:

* **Non-custodial wallet, manual counterparty call:** use a non-custodial wallet so the payout parks at the cosign gate. Call `payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook { outcome: "rejected", reason: "..." }` BEFORE calling `payouts/:id/simulate/cosign`. The transaction terminates with `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED` and the supplied `reason` on `failureMessage`.
* **Unconditional pre-broadcast suffix:** use destination suffix `BAD7E517` (TR\_TX\_VALIDATE\_REJECTED). This is unconditionally pre-broadcast; no manual call is needed.

For both flows, the optional `reason` propagates 1:1 to the DB `failure_message`, the polled `GET /v2/transactions/:id` `failureMessage`, and the `transaction.failed` webhook `failureMessage`. See the [`failureMessage` symmetry contract](/webhooks#failuremessage-symmetry-contract).

## Override the auto-pilot

To inject a counterparty webhook synchronously (before the 10s timer), call:

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/$PAYOUT_ID/simulate/counterparty-webhook \
    -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{ "outcome": "rejected", "reason": "explicit pre-empt" }'
  ```

  ```javascript Node theme={null}
  const response = await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/payouts/${PAYOUT_ID}/simulate/counterparty-webhook`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({ outcome: "rejected", reason: "explicit pre-empt" }),
    }
  );
  ```

  ```python Python theme={null}
  import httpx, uuid, os

  httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/payouts/{PAYOUT_ID}/simulate/counterparty-webhook",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
      },
      json={"outcome": "rejected", "reason": "explicit pre-empt"},
  )
  ```
</CodeGroup>

The synchronous call cancels the pending auto-pilot job and records the counterparty outcome on the payout's Travel Rule row. For `rejected` / `declined`: see the [pre- vs post-broadcast carve-out](#pre--vs-post-broadcast) above; in sandbox, post-broadcast still terminates the transaction with `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED` and the supplied `reason` on `failureMessage`. For `acknowledged` / `approved`: always informational; the payout proceeds independently of counterparty resolution. Subsequent simulate calls are accepted; an outcome that would regress the row's state is ignored.

<Note>
  **`reason` propagation.** The `reason` you supply propagates 1:1 to the DB `failure_message`, the polled `GET /v2/transactions/:id` `failureMessage`, AND the `transaction.failed` webhook `failureMessage`. QA tooling can correlate the simulator call with the resulting webhook by the `reason` text.
</Note>

## Example: VASP destination + REJECTED counterparty

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
    -H "x-api-key: $SANDBOX_API_KEY" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "customerId": "cus_01H...",
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "USDC",
        "chain": "ethereum",
        "amount": "10.000000"
      },
      "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
      "documents": ["$DOC_ID"],
      "destination": {
        "type": "crypto",
        "recipient": {
          "rail": "CRYPTO",
          "chain": "ETHEREUM",
          "address": "0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabad6a1a4",
          "attestation": { "custody": "third_party" },
          "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
          "firstName": "Counterparty",
          "lastName": "Recipient",
          "countryOfCitizenship": "USA"
        }
      }
    }'
  ```

  ```javascript Node theme={null}
  const response = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/payouts`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      customerId: "cus_01H...",
      assetAmount: {
        code: "USDC",
        chain: "ETHEREUM",
        amount: "10.000000",
      },
      purpose: "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
      documents: [docId],
      destination: {
        type: "crypto",
        recipient: {
          rail: "CRYPTO",
          chain: "ETHEREUM",
          address: "0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabad6a1a4",
          attestation: { custody: "third_party" },
          type: "INDIVIDUAL",
          firstName: "Counterparty",
          lastName: "Recipient",
          countryOfCitizenship: "USA",
        },
      },
    }),
  });
  const payout = await response.json();
  // payout.id → "txn_..."
  ```

  ```python Python theme={null}
  import httpx, uuid, os

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/payouts",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
      },
      json={
          "customerId": "cus_01H...",
          "assetAmount": {
              "code": "USDC",
              "chain": "ETHEREUM",
              "amount": "10.000000",
          },
          "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
          "documents": [doc_id],
          "destination": {
              "type": "crypto",
              "recipient": {
                  "rail": "CRYPTO",
                  "chain": "ETHEREUM",
                  "address": "0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaabad6a1a4",
                  "attestation": {"custody": "third_party"},
                  "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
                  "firstName": "Counterparty",
                  "lastName": "Recipient",
                  "countryOfCitizenship": "USA",
              },
          },
      },
  )
  payout = r.json()
  # payout["id"] → "txn_..."
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`amount` is a canonical decimal string with exactly `asset.precision` digits after `.` (USDC has 6 decimals → `"10.000000"` = 10 USDC).

Lifecycle (custodial payout — broadcasts inline):

1. Wallet screening resolves VASP-attributed.
2. Synthetic Travel Rule transfer row written; auto-pilot job queued.
3. The payout broadcasts on-chain (mocked) and receives a synthetic `txHash`.
4. 10s after create, the synthetic counterparty webhook fires with `outcome: rejected`. Broadcast already happened — the Travel Rule row records `REJECTED` for audit, the payout is **not** unwound (tipping-off-safe).
5. Call `payouts/:id/simulate/confirm` with a synthetic `txHash` to advance the payout to its terminal state.

Lifecycle (non-custodial payout — parks at `await-user-cosign`):

1. Wallet screening resolves VASP-attributed.
2. Synthetic Travel Rule transfer row written; auto-pilot job queued.
3. The payout parks at the cosign step waiting for the customer signature.
4. 10s after create, the synthetic counterparty webhook fires with `outcome: rejected`. Broadcast has not yet happened; the payout terminates with `transaction.failed` carrying `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`. The ledger reservation is released; the upstream VASP transfer is best-effort cancelled.

## Errors

| Status | Reason                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `404`  | `simulate/counterparty-webhook` called on a payout with no Travel Rule row (self-hosted wallet resolution or the payout hasn't reached the Travel Rule step yet) |

## See also

* [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview)
* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks)
* [Error codes](/errors)
* [Withdrawals](/sandbox/withdrawals)
* [Withdrawal failure paths](/sandbox/withdrawals#failure-paths)
* [Non-custodial wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets)


# Withdrawals in sandbox
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sandbox/withdrawals

End-to-end guide for testing crypto and fiat withdrawals: custodial happy path, non-custodial cosign, fiat settlement, failures, and webhooks

The sandbox cluster is fully mocked. There is no real chain, no real signing, no third-party vendor calls. Every outcome is deterministic and driven by your request data (destination-address suffixes or bank-account suffixes) or by sandbox-only `simulate/*` endpoints. The synthetic `txHash` you receive is shaped like a real one but does not appear on any explorer. See [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview) for the full posture.

This page walks the full lifecycle of both withdrawal types end-to-end:

* **Crypto withdrawal:** mocked chain broadcast, `payouts/:id/simulate/confirm` drives finality.
* **Fiat withdrawal:** bank-recipient payout, `payouts/:id/simulate/settled` drives settlement.

For crypto withdrawals, two custody flavors are covered:

* **Custodial:** Conduit signs and broadcasts on the customer's behalf.
* **Non-custodial:** the customer cosigns each outbound transfer; sandbox bypasses the real passkey UI via simulate endpoints.

## Withdrawal state machine

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Custodial">
    ```mermaid theme={null}
    stateDiagram-v2
        [*] --> pending
        pending --> document_review: documents attached (auto)
        pending --> broadcasting: compliance cleared, no documents (auto)
        document_review --> broadcasting: simulate-review-approve
        document_review --> failed: simulate-review-reject {COMPLIANCE_REJECTED}
        broadcasting --> completed: simulate/confirm {outcome: completed} / simulate/settled {outcome: completed}
        broadcasting --> failed: simulate/confirm {outcome: failed} / simulate/broadcast-fail / simulate/settled {outcome: failed}
        pending --> failed: compliance reject / Travel Rule reject
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Non-custodial">
    ```mermaid theme={null}
    stateDiagram-v2
        [*] --> pending
        pending --> pending_cosign: created
        pending_cosign --> document_review: simulate/cosign {outcome: approved}, documents attached
        pending_cosign --> broadcasting: simulate/cosign {outcome: approved}, no documents
        pending_cosign --> failed: simulate/cosign {outcome: declined}
        document_review --> broadcasting: simulate-review-approve
        document_review --> failed: simulate-review-reject {COMPLIANCE_REJECTED}
        broadcasting --> completed: chain-confirm autopilot (~5s)
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

Annotations: a payout that carries `documents` parks for document review after compliance and cosign clear — call `payouts/:id/simulate-review-approve` to resume it, or `simulate-review-reject` to terminate it as `failed` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED` (the reserved funds return to your available balance). A payout with no `documents` (only `INTERCOMPANY` payouts, which use a whitelist recipient) skips the gate. The payout reads as `status: "processing"` while parked. Compliance screening runs in `pending`; Travel Rule counterparty-webhook autopilot fires 10 s after payout creation on suffixes that encode a counterparty outcome — see [Travel Rule scenarios](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios); custodial payouts drive `broadcasting → completed` via `payouts/:id/simulate/confirm`; non-custodial payouts auto-advance about 5 s after cosign approved via the chain-finality autopilot (distinct timer from the counterparty-webhook autopilot). Fiat payouts use `payouts/:id/simulate/settled` to terminalize. Transaction-level `transactions/:id/simulate/terminal { outcome: "failed" }` can force accepted fiat payouts to `failed` earlier; `outcome: "completed"` requires settlement-ready state. The transaction-level endpoint supports `withdrawal`, `onramp`, `offramp`, and `deposit` transaction types.

## Prerequisites

* A sandbox API key for an `ACTIVE` customer (the onboarding flow leaves the customer in this state). Set `SANDBOX_API_KEY` in your shell.
* The customer must have an `ACTIVE` crypto wallet for the asset and chain you want to test. New customers provision non-custodial wallets via `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/claim-non-custodial`; without that claim, `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets` rejects with `409 WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED`. Custody is fixed at provisioning time and cannot be flipped later.
* For fiat withdrawals: the customer must have an `ACTIVE` virtual account with a sufficient USD balance.

<Warning>
  **Legacy custodial customers convert through `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION`.** Customers that were provisioned through the legacy `CRYPTO_WALLET` application before the non-custodial gate get `409 CUSTOMER_ALREADY_CUSTODIAL` if they call `claim-non-custodial`. Submit `POST /v2/customers/:id/features` with `{ "type": "WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION" }` instead. Fresh KYB-approved customers go straight to `claim-non-custodial`.
</Warning>

* Base URL: `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial`.

All `curl` examples below use `{{apiKey}}`, `{{customerId}}`, `{{walletId}}`, and `{{payoutId}}` placeholders. Substitute the values from your sandbox setup.

## Lifecycle

A sandbox payout walks the same lifecycle as production: validate → reserve → AML screen → travel-rule resolve → (cosign for non-custodial) → (document review if documents attached) → broadcast → await finality → settle.

The lifecycle is identical to production; only the *decisions* differ:

| Step                                             | Production                                                                                                                                         | Sandbox                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| AML screen                                       | Real upstream call                                                                                                                                 | Mock; outcome from `destination.address` suffix                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| Travel Rule create                               | Real upstream call (VASP destinations)                                                                                                             | Mock; row persisted iff destination suffix matches a VASP scenario                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| Cosign (non-custodial)                           | Customer passkey on verify page                                                                                                                    | `payouts/:id/simulate/cosign` (the wallet-keyed `wallets/:walletId/simulate-cosign-complete` lever has been removed; cosign resolution is now payout-keyed)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| Document review (payouts that carry `documents`) | Conduit reviews the supporting documents before the payout proceeds; clear cases pass automatically, the rest are reviewed by a compliance analyst | `payouts/:id/simulate-review-approve` to resume the payout, or `payouts/:id/simulate-review-reject` to terminate it as `failed` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED` (reserved funds returned). There is no automatic pass in sandbox — you must call one of the two levers.                                                                                                                |
| Chain broadcast                                  | Mainnet                                                                                                                                            | Mocked; deterministic synthetic `txHash`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| Counterparty webhook                             | Real upstream delivery                                                                                                                             | Counterparty-webhook autopilot fires 10s after payout creation when the destination suffix encodes a counterparty outcome (`BAD6A1A4`, `DEC11A1D`, `ACCEEDED`). The VASP-attributed suffix `5A50AB1E` opens the Travel Rule gate but does not auto-resolve -- call `payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook` manually. Distinct from the chain-confirm autopilot (5s after cosign approved). |
| Chain finality                                   | Real chain confirmation                                                                                                                            | Auto-resolves about 5s after the signing gate clears (chain-confirm autopilot); `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/confirm` to override (custom `txHash`) or simulate `outcome: "failed"`                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| Fiat settlement                                  | Real rail settlement                                                                                                                               | `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/settled`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |

## Full happy path: non-custodial wallet (single-signer cosign)

This flow covers customers who reached non-custodial via the legacy `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION` application (one wallet owner, single passkey/OAuth cosign). For fresh customers, use the multi-signer flow below — `POST /v2/customers/:id/wallets/claim-non-custodial` is the only new-customer entry point.

After conversion, every payout from the wallet pauses at a single-signer cosign gate after compliance and Travel Rule clear. In production the wallet owner approves on the Conduit-hosted verify page; in sandbox you resolve the gate via a simulate endpoint.

<Warning>
  Only one payout per non-custodial wallet can sit at the cosign gate at a time. Submit serially or handle [`409 CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT`](/errors#concurrent-cosign-in-flight) by retrying after the gate resolves. The lock releases automatically on terminal state (including via `simulate/failed`).
</Warning>

### Step 1 — Create the wallet

Once the `WALLET_CUSTODY_CONVERSION` application reaches `status: "approved"` and the wallet owner has completed the cosign-key challenge, `POST /v2/customers/:customerId/wallets` with `{ "chain": "ETHEREUM" }` returns `201 Created` and a wallet object with `id`, `address`, `chain`, `status: "active"`, and `custodyModel: "non_custodial"`. Capture `id` as `{{walletId}}`. Before the conversion completes, the same call returns `409 WALLET_CUSTODY_NOT_CLAIMED`.

### Step 2 — Fund the wallet

Use `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId}/deposits/simulate` with `{ "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "100" } }`. Returns `201 Created`; the wallet balance updates within a couple of seconds.

### Step 3 — Create the payout

See the multi-signer flow below for the full `POST /v2/payouts` request body (USDC on ETHEREUM, crypto destination with `attestation.custody: "self"`, plus `documents` and `purpose`) — the request shape is identical between the two flows. The response carries `requiresUserSignature: true` and (when the payout is queued behind earlier signing work on the same wallet+chain) a `queuePosition`:

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "txn_...",
  "status": "pending",
  "requiresUserSignature": true,
  "queuePosition": 0
}
```

`transaction.awaiting_user_signature` fires when the payout parks at the cosign gate, and the webhook payload carries `verificationUrl` + `expiresAt`. Subscribe to that topic to receive the verify URL — it is not part of the GET response shape.

<Warning>
  **Concurrent cosign in-flight (409).** `POST /v2/payouts` returns 409 with `type: "CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT"` when the source wallet already has a non-custodial payout awaiting signature on the same chain. Resolve the prior payout with `simulate/cosign` first, or wait for it to terminalize. Retry with exponential backoff starting at 2 seconds. See [`CONCURRENT_COSIGN_IN_FLIGHT` playbook](/errors/concurrent-cosign-in-flight).
</Warning>

### Step 4 — Resolve the cosign gate

The payout-keyed simulate endpoint drives the gate to a terminal cosign outcome. It produces the same effect as a real customer action on the verify page.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate/cosign \
    -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{ "outcome": "approved" }'
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`200 OK` returning the payout at its current state. `outcome` is `"approved"` or `"declined"`. Replays where the cosign gate already cleared but the payout is still active collapse to a no-op at the workflow layer and return `200`. Calling this endpoint against a payout that has already reached a terminal state (`completed` or `failed`) returns `409 RESOURCE_TERMINAL`.

Because the payout carries `documents`, after `approved` it parks for document review rather than broadcasting straight away — clear the gate in the next step.

<Note>
  **Cosign nonce-lock release on force-fail.** Force-failing a payout parked at the cosign gate (via `POST /v2/sandbox/transactions/:id/simulate/terminal { outcome: "failed" }`) releases the wallet's cosign lock immediately. A follow-up payout on the same wallet is accepted within milliseconds.
</Note>

### Step 5 — Approve the document review

The payout carries a supporting document, so it parks for document review after cosign clears. Approve it via the sandbox simulate endpoint:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate-review-approve \
  -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json"
```

`200 OK`. After approval the payout reaches `status: completed` automatically within about 5 seconds (chain-confirm autopilot); no follow-up `simulate/confirm` is required. The `simulate/confirm` endpoint stays available if you want to drive a custom `txHash` or test the `outcome: "failed"` finality path. Call `simulate-review-reject` instead to terminate the payout as `failed` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED` (reserved funds returned).

## Full happy path: multi-signer non-custodial

When the wallet was provisioned via `POST /v2/customers/{id}/wallets/claim-non-custodial`, every payout pauses at an M-of-N quorum gate instead of a single-signer cosign gate. Each signer stamps independently; the payout auto-broadcasts when the threshold is met.

For the mental model see [Multi-signer wallets](/concepts/multi-signer-wallets). For threshold rules see [Signing thresholds](/concepts/signing-thresholds). For the copy-paste walkthrough see [Multi-signer wallets recipe](/sandbox/multi-signer-wallets#the-6-step-recipe).

### Step 1 — Provision the roster

Call `POST /v2/customers/{customerId}/wallets/claim-non-custodial` with a roster (admins + signers, each with a unique email and `credentialType: "passkey"`) and a `signingThreshold`. The endpoint returns 202 with a `claimId` and dispatches one `wallet_signer.invited` webhook per roster member.

### Step 2 — Enroll each signer

In production, signers visit the `verificationUrl` from their `wallet_signer.invited` payload and enroll a passkey. In sandbox, call `POST /v2/sandbox/wallet-signers/{signerId}/mark-enrolled` for each signer. Once the final signer is enrolled, `crypto_wallet.completed` fires and the wallet flips `ACTIVE`.

### Step 3 — Fund the wallet

Inject a synthetic deposit via `POST /v2/sandbox/customers/{customerId}/wallets/{walletId}/deposits/simulate` with `{ "assetAmount": { "code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "100" } }`. Returns `201 Created`; balance updates within a couple of seconds.

### Step 4 — Create the payout

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
    -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "customerId": "{{customerId}}",
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "USDC",
        "chain": "ethereum",
        "amount": "10.000000"
      },
      "destination": {
        "type": "crypto",
        "recipient": {
          "rail": "CRYPTO",
          "chain": "ETHEREUM",
          "address": "0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
          "attestation": { "custody": "self" }
        }
      },
      "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
      "documents": ["{{docId}}"]
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/payouts`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      customerId,
      assetAmount: { code: "USDC", chain: "ETHEREUM", amount: "10.000000" },
      destination: {
        type: "crypto",
        recipient: {
          rail: "CRYPTO",
          chain: "ETHEREUM",
          address: "0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
          attestation: { custody: "self" },
        },
      },
      purpose: "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
      documents: [docId],
    }),
  });
  const payout = await res.json();
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/payouts",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "customerId": customer_id,
          "assetAmount": {"code": "USDC", "chain": "ETHEREUM", "amount": "10.000000"},
          "destination": {
              "type": "crypto",
              "recipient": {
                  "rail": "CRYPTO",
                  "chain": "ETHEREUM",
                  "address": "0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
                  "attestation": {"custody": "self"},
              },
          },
          "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
          "documents": [doc_id],
      },
  )
  payout = r.json()
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`202 Accepted` with `{ "id": "txn_...", "status": "pending", "requiresUserSignature": true, ... }`. Capture the `id` as `{{payoutId}}`. The `documents` array must contain the `id` from a prior `POST /v2/documents` upload — payouts without supporting documents are rejected at creation with `422 DOCUMENTATION_REQUIRED`. Once the payout parks at the quorum gate, `transaction.awaiting_user_signature` fires with `verificationUrl` and `expiresAt` in the webhook payload.

### Step 5 — Collect stamps to quorum

Each stamp is one `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/{payoutId}/simulate-stamp` call carrying the `walletSignerId` and `selection` (`APPROVED` or `REJECTED`). The response carries `votesCollected` and `votesRequired`:

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate-stamp \
    -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{ "walletSignerId": "{{signerId}}", "selection": "APPROVED" }'
  ```
</CodeGroup>

Each stamp also re-fires `transaction.signature_collected`. Once `votesCollected` reaches `votesRequired`, `transaction.quorum_met` fires and the payout proceeds to broadcast.

**Rejection.** A single `REJECTED` selection terminalizes the quorum as `DECLINED` and fails the payout with `failureCode: "USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED"`. The remaining signers cannot un-reject.

**Re-stamping.** Calling `simulate-stamp` twice with the same `walletSignerId` is idempotent: the second call returns the same `votesCollected` and does not double-count.

**Ghost-vote scrubbing.** If a signer is removed from the roster mid-payout (via `DELETE /v2/customers/:id/wallet-signers/:signerId`), their already-cast stamps are scrubbed from every in-flight payout for the customer. Affected payouts re-fire `transaction.signature_collected` with the new count; payouts that can no longer reach quorum on the new roster terminate with `failureCode: "ROSTER_CHANGED"`. See [Ghost-vote scrubbing](/sandbox/multi-signer-wallets#ghost-vote-scrubbing-signer-removed-mid-payout) for the walkthrough.

### Step 6 — (Optional) Approve the document review

If the payout carries `documents`, it parks for document review after quorum is met. Approve it the same way as the single-signer cosign flow. Otherwise the payout reaches `completed` within about 5 seconds (chain-confirm autopilot).

## Fiat withdrawal

A fiat withdrawal moves funds from a customer's virtual account to a bank account. The payout is submitted to the configured payment rail; in sandbox the rail call is mocked and `simulate/settled` drives the terminal outcome.

### Step 1 — Create the fiat payout

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/payouts \
    -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "customerId": "{{customerId}}",
      "virtualAccountId": "{{virtualAccountId}}",
      "assetAmount": { "code": "USD", "amount": "25.00" },
      "destination": {
        "type": "fiat",
        "rail": "FEDWIRE",
        "recipient": {
          "rail": "US",
          "type": "BUSINESS",
          "legalName": "Acme Corp",
          "accountNumber": "1234594000000",
          "routingNumber": "021000021",
          "accountType": "CHECKING",
          "bankAddress": {
            "addressLine1": "1 Bank Plaza",
            "city": "New York",
            "state": "NY",
            "postalCode": "10005",
            "country": "USA"
          },
          "phone": "+12125550100",
          "postalAddress": {
            "addressLine1": "10 Vendor St",
            "city": "New York",
            "state": "NY",
            "postalCode": "10005",
            "country": "USA"
          }
        }
      },
      "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
      "documents": ["{{docId}}"]
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(`${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/payouts`, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: {
      "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
      "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
      "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({
      customerId,
      virtualAccountId,
      assetAmount: { code: "USD", amount: "25.00" },
      destination: {
        type: "fiat",
        rail: "FEDWIRE",
        recipient: {
          rail: "US",
          type: "BUSINESS",
          legalName: "Acme Corp",
          accountNumber: "1234594000000",
          routingNumber: "021000021",
          accountType: "CHECKING",
          bankAddress: {
            addressLine1: "1 Bank Plaza",
            city: "New York",
            state: "NY",
            postalCode: "10005",
            country: "USA",
          },
          phone: "+12125550100",
          postalAddress: {
            addressLine1: "10 Vendor St",
            city: "New York",
            state: "NY",
            postalCode: "10005",
            country: "USA",
          },
        },
      },
      purpose: "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
      documents: [docId],
    }),
  });
  const payout = await res.json();
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/payouts",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={
          "customerId": customer_id,
          "virtualAccountId": virtual_account_id,
          "assetAmount": {"code": "USD", "amount": "25.00"},
          "destination": {
              "type": "fiat",
              "rail": "FEDWIRE",
              "recipient": {
                  "rail": "US",
                  "type": "BUSINESS",
                  "legalName": "Acme Corp",
                  "accountNumber": "1234594000000",
                  "routingNumber": "021000021",
                  "accountType": "CHECKING",
                  "bankAddress": {
                      "addressLine1": "1 Bank Plaza",
                      "city": "New York",
                      "state": "NY",
                      "postalCode": "10005",
                      "country": "USA",
                  },
                  "phone": "+12125550100",
                  "postalAddress": {
                      "addressLine1": "10 Vendor St",
                      "city": "New York",
                      "state": "NY",
                      "postalCode": "10005",
                      "country": "USA",
                  },
              },
          },
          "purpose": "TREASURY_MANAGEMENT",
          "documents": [doc_id],
      },
  )
  payout = r.json()
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`202 Accepted` with `{ "id": "txn_...", "status": "pending", ... }`. Capture the `id` as `{{payoutId}}`. Compliance screening runs automatically; in sandbox it resolves based on the account-number suffix (see catalog below). The accountNumber `1234594000000` ends in the last 8 digits `94000000` which is the happy-path suffix. Because the payout carries `documents`, it then parks for document review (`status: "processing"`) before settlement — clear the gate in the next step.

<Note>
  **`purpose` and `documents` are required.** Every payout except `purpose: INTERCOMPANY` must include at least one `documents` entry. Upload a supporting document first (`POST /v2/documents`) and pass its `id` in the `documents` array. `INTERCOMPANY` payouts use a registered whitelist recipient instead of a document — see [Whitelist Recipients](/concepts/whitelist-recipients).
</Note>

### Step 2 — Approve the document review (sandbox only)

A fiat payout that carries `documents` parks for document review before it is submitted to the rail, exactly like the crypto flow. Approve it to let settlement proceed:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate-review-approve \
  -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json"
```

`200 OK` returning the payout at its current state. Call `simulate-review-reject` instead to terminate the payout as `failed` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED`; `transaction.rejected` fires and the reserved funds return to the virtual account.

### Step 3 — Drive settlement

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate/settled \
    -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
      "outcome": "completed",
      "utr": "IMAD-20260115-001"
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/payouts/${payoutId}/simulate/settled`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({ outcome: "completed", utr: "IMAD-20260115-001" }),
    }
  );
  // returns the payout at its current state
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/payouts/{payout_id}/simulate/settled",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={"outcome": "completed", "utr": "IMAD-20260115-001"},
  )
  # returns the payout at its current state
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`200 OK` returning the payout at its current state. The `outcome` field is `"completed"` or `"failed"`. `utr` is required when `outcome` is `"completed"` — supply a non-empty bank reference (IMAD, UETR, ACH trace number, or instant-payment reference). The payout transitions to `status: "completed"`, `completedAt` is populated, and `transaction.completed` fires carrying that reference on the destination's typed wire-reference field for the rail (e.g. `external_bank.fedwireImad`, `external_bank.swiftUetr`).

To drive a failure instead, use `outcome: "failed"` with an optional `reason` string:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate/settled \
  -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
  -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{ "outcome": "failed", "reason": "INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS" }'
```

`transaction.failed` fires with [`RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`](/errors) or the failure code from the rail mock.

### Fiat account-number suffix catalog

The sandbox reads the **last 8 digits** of `recipient.accountNumber` (all non-digit characters stripped before matching) to select a deterministic outcome. Set the suffix at account-creation time by choosing an accountNumber whose tail matches the desired scenario.

| Last 8 digits | Scenario                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | failureCode                               | Webhook                 |
| ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| `94000000`    | Happy path — settlement completes                                                                                                                                                                                                  | —                                         | `transaction.completed` |
| `94009001`    | Rail policy rejects (amount limit, frequency cap, or recipient restriction)                                                                                                                                                        | [`RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`](/errors)         | `transaction.failed`    |
| `94009002`    | Insufficient funds at settlement (funds were available at reservation)                                                                                                                                                             | [`INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`](/errors) | `transaction.failed`    |
| `94009003`    | No viable rail available for the corridor                                                                                                                                                                                          | [`RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`](/errors)             | `transaction.failed`    |
| `94009004`    | Rail provider timeout (internal `PROVIDER_TIMEOUT` distinction preserved on internal logs; the public surface emits the same [`RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`](/errors) by design — integration retry semantics are identical for either cause) | [`RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`](/errors)             | `transaction.failed`    |

Accounts not matching any documented suffix take the happy path (`94000000` behavior).

<Note>
  Two separate mechanisms drive fiat settlement outcomes:

  * **Account-number suffix** (`94009001`–`94009004`): locks the outcome at payout-creation time. Once the payout reaches the settlement step the mock fires automatically — you do not need to call `simulate/settled`.
  * **`simulate/settled { outcome: "failed" }`**: forces a failure on demand for any payout, independent of the account-number suffix. Use this when you want to drive a failure without embedding a magic suffix in the account number (for example, when testing retry logic against an existing account).

  For the happy path, use `simulate/settled { outcome: "completed", utr: "..." }` to supply the bank reference yourself.
</Note>

## Failure paths

Fiat payouts can also be failed with `POST /v2/sandbox/transactions/:id/simulate/terminal` with `{ "outcome": "failed" }` after payout acceptance. The same endpoint with `{ "outcome": "completed", "utr": "..." }` requires a settlement-ready payout; calling it before the API has selected a settlement route returns 422 [`SANDBOX_TRANSACTION_NOT_FORCE_TERMINAL_READY`](/errors#sandbox-transaction-not-force-terminal-ready). Other primary sandbox failure paths:

### Compliance reject

Send to a destination address whose last 8 characters match one of the compliance-reject suffixes (`5A4D4EE5`, `5A4D4E5A`). The AML mock resolves the address to a non-CLEAR decision; the payout terminates at the compliance gate and `transaction.failed` fires with [`COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`](/errors). No on-chain broadcast occurs. Full catalog: [Withdrawal failure paths](/sandbox/withdrawals#failure-paths).

### Document-review reject

A payout that carries `documents` parks for document review. Call `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate-review-reject` (no body) to reject it:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate-review-reject \
  -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json"
```

`200 OK` returning the payout at its current state. The payout terminates as `status: "failed"` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED`, `transaction.rejected` fires (not `transaction.failed`), and the reserved funds return to the source balance. Returns `404 PAYOUT_NOT_FOUND` if the payout is not awaiting document review. To re-attempt, upload an acceptable document and submit a new payout with a fresh `idempotency-key`.

### Travel Rule paths

Use a VASP-attributed destination (suffix `5A50AB1E`) to route the payout through the Travel Rule flow. Drive the counterparty leg either with auto-pilot suffixes (`AC6BC0DE`, `ACCEEDED`, `BAD6A1A4`, `DEC11A1D`) or pre-empt the 10-second timer by calling `POST /v2/sandbox/payouts/:id/simulate/counterparty-webhook` with `{ "outcome": "acknowledged" | "approved" | "rejected" | "declined" }`. `rejected` and `declined` always terminate the payout as `status: "failed"` with `failureCode: TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED` — sandbox handles the signal regardless of whether the broadcast has happened (deterministic outcome the dashboard can render). Full catalog (including pre-broadcast Travel Rule failures): [Travel Rule scenarios](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios).

### Broadcast finality fail

To terminate from the post-broadcast side, call `simulate/confirm` with `outcome: "failed"`:

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate/confirm \
    -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{ "outcome": "failed", "reason": "chain broadcast failed" }'
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`200 OK` returning the payout at its current state. The payout transitions to `status: "failed"`; `transaction.failed` fires. For the pre-broadcast variant (the payout rejects before any chain broadcast happens, no `txHash` is assigned, the reserved balance returns to available), send to a destination ending in suffix `BAD8CA57`. The full chain endpoint reference and suffix catalog is in [Withdrawal failure paths + chain reference](/sandbox/withdrawals#simulate-broadcast-failure-pre-broadcast-arm).

### Simulate broadcast failure (pre-broadcast arm)

`POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{payoutId}/simulate/broadcast-fail` arms the mock chain provider so that the **next** broadcast attempt for this payout throws a pre-broadcast error. The handler does not directly fire `transaction.failed`; instead it parks the payout via the standard pre-broadcast compensation path. That compensation produces a `transaction.failed` event. No `txHash` is assigned and the reserved balance returns to available.

Use this when you want to test the broadcast-failure path for a specific in-flight payout without relying on the address-suffix mechanism.

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={null}
  curl -X POST https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/sandbox/payouts/{{payoutId}}/simulate/broadcast-fail \
    -H "x-api-key: {{apiKey}}" \
    -H "idempotency-key: $(uuidgen)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{ "reason": "Simulated broadcast rejection" }'
  ```

  ```typescript typescript theme={null}
  const res = await fetch(
    `${process.env.SANDBOX_HOST}/v2/sandbox/payouts/${payoutId}/simulate/broadcast-fail`,
    {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": process.env.SANDBOX_API_KEY!,
        "idempotency-key": crypto.randomUUID(),
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({ reason: "Simulated broadcast rejection" }),
    }
  );
  // returns the payout at its current state
  ```

  ```python python theme={null}
  import httpx, os, uuid

  r = httpx.post(
      f"{os.environ['SANDBOX_HOST']}/v2/sandbox/payouts/{payout_id}/simulate/broadcast-fail",
      headers={
          "x-api-key": os.environ["SANDBOX_API_KEY"],
          "idempotency-key": str(uuid.uuid4()),
          "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      json={"reason": "Simulated broadcast rejection"},
  )
  # returns the payout at its current state
  ```
</CodeGroup>

`200 OK` returning the payout at its current state. `reason` is the only accepted body field (optional, 1 to 500 chars). The body uses `.strict()` validation; any other key (including `code`) returns `400 VALIDATION_ERROR`. Returns `404 PAYOUT_NOT_FOUND` if the payout is not a crypto withdrawal or does not belong to your organization.

The compensation path raises `transaction.failed`. The public webhook fires with `failureCode: "PROVIDER_REJECTED"` and the supplied `reason` on `failureMessage` (the sandbox scenario tag is stripped before publishing). The same code/message land on the polled `GET /v2/transactions/:id` response per the [`failureMessage` symmetry contract](/webhooks#failuremessage-symmetry-contract). Live broadcasts can still surface `failureCode: null` when an unstructured chain-provider rejection lands; that's the live-only path, not this sandbox lever.

## Cancelling a payout

Sandbox uses the production cancel contract — see [`POST /v2/payouts/:id/cancel`](/api-reference/payouts#cancel-a-payout) for state-based rules and error codes.

Two sandbox-specific deltas:

* The reliably scriptable cancel window is the non-custodial cosign gate; fiat and custodial-crypto payouts hand off inline (same as production), so their cancel window collapses to a narrow pre-handoff race that you usually can't observe from a test.
* There is no "force-cancel" simulate endpoint. To drive `failed` on fiat or custodial-crypto in sandbox, use the failure-suffix protocol (see [Failure paths](#failure-paths)) or `POST /v2/sandbox/transactions/:id/simulate/terminal { outcome: "failed" }`.

## Webhook events

Every webhook your production endpoint would receive also fires in sandbox, with synthesized data. Configure the sandbox endpoint via the dashboard or `POST /v2/webhooks/endpoints` exactly like production.

| Event                                     | When it fires                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transaction.created`                     | Immediately after `POST /v2/payouts` is accepted                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `transaction.awaiting_user_signature`     | Payout parks at the cosign gate (non-custodial only)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `transaction.awaiting_sender_information` | Travel Rule path needs sender info before the counterparty leg can resolve                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `transaction.completed`                   | Payout reaches terminal `completed` state                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `transaction.failed`                      | Payout reaches terminal `failed` state (compliance reject, Travel Rule reject, cosign decline / timeout, broadcast fail, fiat rail failure)                                                                                                                                                     |
| `transaction.rejected`                    | Payout is rejected at the document-review gate (`simulate-review-reject`). Payload carries `reasonCategory: "document_inadequate"` and the accepted document types; reserved funds are returned. Polled `GET /v2/payouts/:id` shows `status: "failed"` with `failureCode: COMPLIANCE_REJECTED`. |
| `transaction.cancelled`                   | Payout reaches terminal `cancelled` state via `POST /v2/payouts/{id}/cancel`. Payload carries `cancellationReason: "client_cancelled"` and `cancelledAt`; no `failureCode`/`failureMessage`.                                                                                                    |

`transaction.failed` payloads carry a `failureCode` when the cause is something your integration can act on — for example [`USER_SIGNATURE_TIMEOUT`](/errors), [`USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED`](/errors), [`COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`](/errors), [`INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`](/errors), [`RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`](/errors), [`RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`](/errors), [`TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`](/errors). See the [Webhooks reference](/webhooks) for full payload schemas.

See the [`failureMessage` symmetry contract](/webhooks#failuremessage-symmetry-contract) on the webhooks reference for the exact rules across the DB row, polled GET, and webhook payload.

## Address-suffix matching rules

* **EVM (Ethereum / Base / Polygon):** last 8 hex characters of the address, case-insensitive. `0x...DEADBEEF` matches suffix `DEADBEEF`.
* **Tron:** last 8 Base58 characters, case-sensitive.
* **Solana:** last 8 Base58 characters, case-sensitive.
* **Fiat (bank account):** last 8 digits of `recipient.accountNumber`, all non-digit characters stripped before matching.

The address must be valid for its chain; sandbox does not bypass on-chain address validation. Addresses not matching any documented suffix take the happy path (AML `APPROVED`, `SELF_HOSTED` Travel Rule resolution, proceed to mocked broadcast).

## Consolidated withdrawal address-suffix catalog

Every suffix that is meaningful on a withdrawal destination, sourced from `scenario-suffixes.ts`. Suffixes match the **last 8 characters** of the destination address (lowercased hex for EVM; Base58 verbatim for Tron and Solana).

For scenario-specific detail, see the [consolidated withdrawal address-suffix catalog](/sandbox/withdrawals#consolidated-withdrawal-address-suffix-catalog), the [Wallet screening catalog](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios#wallet-screening-scenario-catalog), and the [Counterparty-outcome catalog](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios#counterparty-outcome-scenario-catalog-vasp-attributed-only). The full programmatic list is the [Scenario suffix table](/sandbox/cheat-sheet#scenario-suffixes).

| Suffix     | Class                                 | Outcome                                                                                                              | Auto-pilot?                           |
| ---------- | ------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `5A4D4EAA` | AML approved                          | Happy path; proceeds to broadcast.                                                                                   | n/a                                   |
| `5A4D4EE5` | AML rejected                          | `transaction.failed` with `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED`.                                                              | n/a                                   |
| `5A4D4E5A` | AML sanctions match                   | `transaction.failed` with `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` (sanctions classification recorded for audit).                | n/a                                   |
| `5A4D4E51` | AML elevated risk                     | Routes approved at current threshold; no observable difference.                                                      | n/a                                   |
| `5A50AB1E` | VASP wallet                           | Opens Travel Rule row at SENT; counterparty leg must be driven manually.                                             | No                                    |
| `5E1F0577` | Self-hosted wallet                    | No Travel Rule transfer; proceeds to broadcast.                                                                      | n/a                                   |
| `12517C00` | Elevated risk (wallet screening)      | Self-hosted resolution; the payout proceeds.                                                                         | n/a                                   |
| `5A4070ED` | Sanctions match (wallet screening)    | Payout terminates with `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` (sanctions classification recorded for audit).                   | n/a                                   |
| `AC6BC0DE` | Counterparty ACK                      | Informational ACK; the payout proceeds.                                                                              | Yes, 10 s after create.               |
| `ACCEEDED` | Counterparty accepted                 | Counterparty approves; the payout proceeds.                                                                          | Yes, 10 s.                            |
| `BAD6A1A4` | Counterparty rejected                 | Counterparty rejects (pre-broadcast on non-custodial / post-broadcast on custodial).                                 | Yes, 10 s.                            |
| `DEC11A1D` | Counterparty declined                 | Counterparty declines (same pre/post-broadcast behavior as rejected).                                                | Yes, 10 s.                            |
| `BAD7E517` | Travel Rule validation rejection      | Unconditional pre-broadcast Travel Rule reject.                                                                      | No (deterministic at `/tx/validate`). |
| `D15CCAD0` | Travel Rule discrepancy               | Customer attested self-custody but wallet screening identifies a VASP; payout fails with `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`.     | No                                    |
| `503CA110` | Travel Rule provider unavailable      | Retryable Travel Rule provider failure; retries exhaust; payout parks in `status: processing`.                       | No                                    |
| `5A4ED0DD` | Travel Rule non-sendable after create | Travel Rule row persisted in non-sendable state after `/tx/create`; pre-broadcast fail with `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED`.  | No                                    |
| `DA171465` | Travel Rule waiting for information   | Row starts at WAITING\_FOR\_INFORMATION; broadcast proceeds; row advances to ACCEPTED via auto-pilot post-broadcast. | Yes, 10 s.                            |
| `BAD8CA57` | Chain broadcast failure               | Pre-broadcast chain provider rejection; reserved balance released; `failureCode: PROVIDER_REJECTED`.                 | n/a                                   |

| Fiat suffix (last 8 digits of `recipient.accountNumber`) | Outcome                                                                |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `94000000`                                               | Happy path; settlement completes.                                      |
| `94009001`                                               | `RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED`.                                                |
| `94009002`                                               | `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE`.                                        |
| `94009003`                                               | `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE`.                                                    |
| `94009004`                                               | `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE` (provider timeout; same public code as `94009003`). |

## See also

* [Sandbox overview](/sandbox/overview)
* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks)
* [Error codes](/errors)
* [Deposits in sandbox](/sandbox/deposits)
* [Withdrawal failure paths](/sandbox/withdrawals#failure-paths)
* [Travel Rule scenarios](/sandbox/travel-rule-scenarios)
* [Withdrawal failure paths + chain reference](/sandbox/withdrawals#simulate-broadcast-failure-pre-broadcast-arm)
* [Non-Custodial Wallets](/concepts/non-custodial-wallets)


# OpenAPI Specification
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/sdks/openapi

Use the Conduit OpenAPI spec to generate typed API clients

## OpenAPI Spec

The Conduit API publishes an [OpenAPI 3.0](https://spec.openapis.org/oas/v3.0.3) specification that describes every endpoint, request body, response schema, and error code.

The spec is available at `/v2/api-docs/openapi.json` on any environment:

| Environment | URL                                                              |
| ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Production  | `https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json`         |
| Sandbox     | `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json` |

The spec is generated dynamically from the API source code, so it always reflects the current state of the API.

## Generate a Typed Client

Use the OpenAPI spec to generate a typed API client in any language. The full spec URLs are listed above — substitute `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json` for sandbox or `https://api.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json` for production. The examples below use the sandbox spec.

### TypeScript / JavaScript

Using [openapi-typescript](https://github.com/openapi-ts/openapi-typescript):

```bash theme={null}
npx openapi-typescript https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json -o conduit-api.d.ts
```

Using [Orval](https://orval.dev) (generates fetch/axios clients with React Query hooks):

```bash theme={null}
npx orval --input https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json --output ./src/api
```

### Python

Using [openapi-python-client](https://github.com/openapi-generators/openapi-python-client):

```bash theme={null}
pip install openapi-python-client
openapi-python-client generate --url https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json
```

### Any Language

Using [OpenAPI Generator](https://openapi-generator.tech) (supports 50+ languages):

```bash theme={null}
npx @openapitools/openapi-generator-cli generate \
  -i https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json \
  -g <language> \
  -o ./conduit-client
```

Replace `<language>` with your target: `typescript-fetch`, `python`, `go`, `java`, `ruby`, `csharp`, `kotlin`, `swift`, etc.

## Import into Postman

You can import the OpenAPI spec directly into Postman for interactive API exploration:

1. Open Postman and click **Import**
2. Select **Link** and paste the spec URL: `https://api.sandbox.conduit.financial/v2/api-docs/openapi.json`
3. Postman generates a collection with all endpoints, request bodies, and example responses
4. Set the `x-api-key` variable in your Postman environment to authenticate requests


# Webhook signature verifier
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/webhook-verifier

How to verify Conduit webhook signatures locally using Node.js or Python

## How webhook signing works

Every webhook delivery includes an `X-Conduit-Signature` header in the format:

```
t=<unix-timestamp>,v1=<hex-hmac>[,v1=<hex-hmac>]
```

Where each `v1` is `HMAC-SHA256(<unix-timestamp>.<raw-body>, secret)`, computed over the raw request bytes before any JSON parsing. The signing secret includes the `whsec_` prefix; pass it verbatim, never strip it.

A delivery normally carries one `v1`. While you are rotating the endpoint's signing secret, it carries **two** `v1` values for a grace period — one signed with your new secret and one with the previous one — so deliveries keep verifying while you roll your secret over.

To verify:

1. Parse `t` and every `v1` from the `X-Conduit-Signature` header.
2. Re-compute HMAC-SHA256 of `<t>.<raw-request-body>` using your endpoint secret (full `whsec_...` string as the key).
3. Constant-time compare the result against each `v1`; accept if it matches **any** of them.
4. Reject signatures where `t` is older than 300 seconds to protect against replay.

See the [webhooks reference](/webhooks) for the full signing-and-verification protocol.

<Warning>
  Do not paste production endpoint secrets into any hosted page. Use a sandbox
  endpoint secret or a dummy value when testing verification locally.
</Warning>

## Verify locally

Use either snippet below. Replace the three constants with your actual values.

```js Node.js / Bun theme={null}
const crypto = require('crypto');

const SECRET = 'whsec_...';               // full string, do not strip the prefix
const SIGNATURE_HEADER = 't=1736000000,v1=...';
const RAW_BODY = '{"type":"transaction.completed",...}';

const pairs = SIGNATURE_HEADER.split(',').map(p => p.split('='));
const t = pairs.find(([k]) => k === 't')?.[1];
// A delivery carries more than one v1 while you rotate the signing secret;
// accept if your secret matches any of them.
const signatures = pairs.filter(([k]) => k === 'v1').map(([, v]) => v);

// Reject replays older than 300 seconds.
const tNum = parseInt(t, 10);
if (Math.abs(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) - tNum) > 300) {
  console.log('invalid — replay window exceeded');
  process.exit(1);
}

const expected = crypto.createHmac('sha256', SECRET).update(`${t}.${RAW_BODY}`).digest('hex');
// Constant-time comparison to avoid timing side-channels.
const expectedBuf = Buffer.from(expected, 'hex');
const valid = signatures.some(v1 => {
  const v1Buf = Buffer.from(v1, 'hex');
  return expectedBuf.length === v1Buf.length && crypto.timingSafeEqual(expectedBuf, v1Buf);
});
console.log(valid ? 'valid' : 'invalid — expected: ' + expected);
```

```python Python 3 theme={null}
import hmac
import hashlib
import time

SECRET = "whsec_..."               # full string, do not strip the prefix
SIGNATURE_HEADER = "t=1736000000,v1=..."
RAW_BODY = '{"type":"transaction.completed",...}'

pairs = [p.split("=", 1) for p in SIGNATURE_HEADER.split(",")]
t = next((v for k, v in pairs if k == "t"), None)
# A delivery carries more than one v1 while you rotate the signing secret;
# accept if your secret matches any of them.
signatures = [v for k, v in pairs if k == "v1"]

# Reject replays older than 300 seconds.
if abs(int(time.time()) - int(t)) > 300:
    print("invalid — replay window exceeded")
    raise SystemExit(1)

expected = hmac.new(SECRET.encode(), f"{t}.{RAW_BODY}".encode(), hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()
valid = any(hmac.compare_digest(expected, v1) for v1 in signatures)
print("valid" if valid else f"invalid — expected: {expected}")
```

Both snippets implement constant-time comparison (`crypto.timingSafeEqual` in Node.js, `hmac.compare_digest` in Python) and enforce the 300-second replay window.

## See also

* [Webhooks reference](/webhooks) - full signature scheme and event topics
* [`failureMessage` symmetry contract](/webhooks#failuremessage-symmetry-contract)


# Webhooks
Source: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/webhooks

Receive real-time event notifications from Conduit

## Overview

Webhooks deliver real-time HTTP callbacks when events happen in your Conduit account. Instead of polling the API, register an endpoint and Conduit pushes events to you.

Conduit guarantees **at-least-once delivery** — your endpoint may receive the same event more than once. Clients SHOULD dedup by `id` and order by `createdAt`. We do not guarantee strict transport ordering.

## Setting Up

### 1. Create an endpoint

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/webhooks/endpoints \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "url": "https://your-app.com/webhooks/conduit",
    "subscription": {
      "mode": "SELECTED",
      "eventTypes": ["application.approved", "application.rejected"]
    }
  }'
```

The response includes a `secret`. Save it securely, it is only shown once and cannot be retrieved later.

`subscription` is a tagged union:

* `{ "mode": "ALL" }` (the default if `subscription` is omitted) subscribes the endpoint to every event type.
* `{ "mode": "SELECTED", "eventTypes": ["..."] }` subscribes only to the listed event types. `eventTypes` must be non-empty.

To change the subscription later, `PATCH /v2/webhooks/endpoints/:id` with the same `subscription` shape.

### 2. Verify signatures

Every webhook request includes a `X-Conduit-Signature` header in the format:

```
t=<unix-timestamp>,v1=<hex-hmac>[,v1=<hex-hmac>]
```

Where each `v1` is `HMAC-SHA256(<unix-timestamp>.<raw-body>, secret)`, computed over the raw request bytes before any JSON parsing.

A delivery normally carries a single `v1`. While you are rotating an endpoint's signing secret, deliveries carry **two** `v1` values for a grace period — one signed with your new secret and one with the previous one — so deliveries keep verifying while you roll your secret over. **Verify by recomputing the digest for your secret and accepting the delivery if it matches any `v1` value.** Once the grace period ends, only the current secret is used.

We recommend rejecting deliveries where `t` is older than 300 seconds to guard against replay attacks.

<Warning>
  **The `whsec_` prefix is part of the HMAC key — do not strip it.** Your
  signing secret is shaped `whsec_<64-hex>`. Pass the FULL string verbatim,
  including the `whsec_` prefix, as the HMAC-SHA256 key. Stripping the prefix
  produces a different digest and every valid delivery fails verification —
  the failure mode is identical to a tampered signature (silent 401, no
  diagnostic).
</Warning>

```js Node.js / Bun theme={null}
import { createHmac, timingSafeEqual } from "node:crypto";

/**
 * Reference Node.js/Bun verifier. Other runtimes: use the equivalent
 * HMAC-SHA256 + constant-time compare. `rawBody` MUST be the raw UTF-8
 * bytes (do not parse JSON first). `t` is unix seconds. `secret` is the
 * full per-endpoint string including the `whsec_` prefix — pass it as-is.
 */
function verifyWebhookSignature(rawBody, signatureHeader, secret) {
  const pairs = signatureHeader.split(",").map((p) => p.split("="));
  const t = pairs.find(([k]) => k === "t")?.[1];
  // A delivery carries more than one v1 while you rotate the signing secret
  // (the previous secret co-signs during the grace period). Collect every
  // valid v1 and accept if your secret matches any of them. Each v1 must be a
  // 64-char hex string (32 bytes); rejecting anything else protects
  // timingSafeEqual from throwing on a length mismatch.
  const signatures = pairs
    .filter(([k, v]) => k === "v1" && /^[0-9a-f]{64}$/i.test(v ?? ""))
    .map(([, v]) => v);
  if (!t || signatures.length === 0) return false;

  const tNum = Number(t);
  if (!Number.isFinite(tNum)) return false;

  const ageSeconds = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) - tNum;
  if (ageSeconds > 300 || ageSeconds < 0) return false;

  // `secret` is the full `whsec_...` string. Do NOT strip the prefix.
  const expected = createHmac("sha256", secret)
    .update(`${t}.${rawBody}`)
    .digest("hex");
  const expectedBuf = Buffer.from(expected, "hex");

  return signatures.some((v1) =>
    timingSafeEqual(expectedBuf, Buffer.from(v1, "hex")),
  );
}
```

```python Python 3 theme={null}
import hmac
import time
from hashlib import sha256

def verify_webhook_signature(raw_body: bytes, signature_header: str, secret: str) -> bool:
    """
    Reference Python verifier. ``raw_body`` MUST be the raw request bytes
    (do not ``json.loads`` first). ``signature_header`` is the
    ``X-Conduit-Signature`` header value. ``secret`` is the full
    per-endpoint string including the ``whsec_`` prefix — pass it as-is.
    """
    pairs = [p.split("=", 1) for p in signature_header.split(",")]
    t = next((v for k, v in pairs if k == "t"), None)
    # A delivery carries more than one v1 while you rotate the signing secret
    # (the previous secret co-signs during the grace period). Collect every
    # valid v1 and accept if your secret matches any of them. Each v1 must be a
    # 64-char lowercase hex string (32 bytes).
    signatures = [
        v
        for k, v in pairs
        if k == "v1"
        and len(v) == 64
        and all(c in "0123456789abcdef" for c in v.lower())
    ]
    if not t or not signatures:
        return False
    try:
        t_int = int(t)
    except ValueError:
        return False
    age_seconds = int(time.time()) - t_int
    if age_seconds > 300 or age_seconds < 0:
        return False
    # ``secret`` is the full ``whsec_...`` string. Do NOT strip the prefix.
    expected = hmac.new(
        secret.encode("utf-8"),
        f"{t}.{raw_body.decode('utf-8')}".encode("utf-8"),
        sha256,
    ).hexdigest()
    return any(hmac.compare_digest(expected, v1) for v1 in signatures)
```

<Warning>
  Always verify signatures before processing webhook payloads. Reject requests
  where the signature does not match or the timestamp is stale.
</Warning>

#### Common verification mistakes

| Mistake                                                                      | Symptom                                                                                | Fix                                                                              |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Stripping the `whsec_` prefix before computing HMAC                          | Every valid delivery returns 401; logs look identical to a tampered request            | Pass the secret verbatim — the prefix is key material, not a label               |
| Parsing the request body as JSON before computing HMAC                       | Most deliveries pass, but any payload where field ordering or whitespace changes fails | Compute HMAC over the raw bytes received on the wire, before any deserialization |
| Comparing digests with `==`                                                  | Subtle timing side-channel; nothing visibly broken                                     | Use `crypto.timingSafeEqual` (Node) / `hmac.compare_digest` (Python)             |
| Trusting `X-Conduit-Event` for routing without verifying the signature first | Endpoint accepts forged events from anyone who can reach the URL                       | Verify the signature before reading any header or body field                     |

### 3. Rotate your signing secret

If your signing secret is leaked — or you rotate secrets on a schedule — call:

```
POST /v2/webhooks/endpoints/:id/rotate
```

The response returns a **new** secret once, in the same shape as create (`{ ...endpoint, "secret": "whsec_...", "signature": { ... } }`). Store it immediately; it is never shown again.

<Warning>
  This request requires an `Idempotency-Key` header. Rotation is destructive —
  it replaces your current secret — so a retried request that reused no key
  could rotate twice and discard the secret you just deployed. With a key, a
  retry replays the original response instead of rotating again. Use a fresh
  key per intentional rotation.
</Warning>

Rotation does not cut over instantly. For a grace period (about 48 hours) every delivery is signed with **both** the new and the previous secret — two `v1` values in `X-Conduit-Signature` (see [Verify signatures](#2-verify-signatures)). This lets you roll your verification over without dropping events:

1. Call rotate and store the new secret.
2. Deploy the new secret to your verifier. Because you accept **any** matching `v1`, deliveries keep verifying throughout — under the old secret before you deploy, under the new one after.
3. Once the grace period ends, only the new secret signs. Any verifier still on the old secret stops verifying — which is the forcing function that completes the rollover.

The grace deadline is not exposed on endpoint reads; size your rollout to complete within the window.

## Webhook Headers

Every webhook request includes these headers:

| Header                  | Description                                                                                                                                    |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Content-Type`          | `application/json`                                                                                                                             |
| `X-Conduit-Signature`   | `t={unix},v1={hmac-hex}` — timestamp + HMAC-SHA256 signature (a second `v1` is present while a signing-secret rotation is in its grace period) |
| `X-Conduit-Delivery-Id` | Unique ID for this delivery attempt                                                                                                            |
| `X-Conduit-Event`       | The event type (e.g., `application.approved`)                                                                                                  |

## Payload Format

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_...",
  "type": "application.approved",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_..."
  }
}
```

The `data` object varies by event type. Use the `type` field to determine how to process the payload.

| Field        | Description                                                     |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `id`         | Unique event ID. Use for client-side dedup.                     |
| `type`       | Event name (e.g. `application.approved`).                       |
| `createdAt`  | Timestamp the event was created (ISO 8601 UTC).                 |
| `apiVersion` | Public API major version: `"2"`.                                |
| `mode`       | `"live"` or `"sandbox"`. Lets one endpoint receive both safely. |
| `data`       | Event-specific payload. See `GET /v2/webhooks/event-types`.     |

## Event Reference

<Tip>
  Use `GET /v2/webhooks/event-types` for the current list of available events,
  including example payloads for each event type.
</Tip>

### Paired events

A single business transition can emit more than one event. See the per-event descriptions in `GET /v2/webhooks/event-types` for the canonical dedupe rule on each pair.

## Delivery Lifecycle

Each webhook delivery goes through these statuses:

| Status       | Description                                |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------ |
| `pending`    | Queued for delivery or scheduled for retry |
| `processing` | Currently being delivered                  |
| `succeeded`  | Your endpoint responded with a 2xx status  |
| `failed`     | All retry attempts exhausted               |

### Retries

Failed deliveries are retried with increasing delays:

| Attempt | Delay      |
| ------- | ---------- |
| 1       | 30 seconds |
| 2       | 2 minutes  |
| 3       | 15 minutes |
| 4       | 1 hour     |
| 5+      | 4 hours    |

You can also manually retry a failed delivery:

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api.conduit.financial/v2/webhooks/deliveries/wdl_.../retry \
  -H "x-api-key: YOUR_API_KEY"
```

## Managing Endpoints

| Operation           | Endpoint                                                                                |
| ------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| List endpoints      | `GET /v2/webhooks/endpoints`                                                            |
| Get endpoint        | `GET /v2/webhooks/endpoints/:id`                                                        |
| Update endpoint     | `PATCH /v2/webhooks/endpoints/:id`                                                      |
| Delete endpoint     | `DELETE /v2/webhooks/endpoints/:id`                                                     |
| List deliveries     | `GET /v2/webhooks/deliveries?endpointId=:id&status=failed&eventType=transaction.failed` |
| Get delivery detail | `GET /v2/webhooks/deliveries/:id`                                                       |

The `status` query parameter accepts `pending`, `processing`, `succeeded`, or `failed` (case-insensitive); unknown values return `400`. Filters compose with `endpointId`.

The `eventType` query parameter accepts an exact lowercase match against the event type (e.g. `transaction.failed` or `order.failed`). Unknown event types return an empty page. All three filters (`endpointId`, `status`, `eventType`) are optional and may be combined freely.

### `failureMessage` symmetry contract

The `failureMessage` value is consistent across three surfaces: the database row, the polled `GET /v2/transactions/{id}` response, and the `transaction.failed` webhook payload. Applies equally to `order.failed`.

| Failure origin                                             | DB `failure_message`            | Polled GET `failureMessage`             | Webhook `failureMessage`                |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Operator-driven (`simulate/*` with a `reason`)             | the supplied `reason`, verbatim | the supplied `reason`, verbatim         | the supplied `reason`, verbatim         |
| Compliance-driven (compliance review, sender-info timeout) | NULL                            | static `ErrorCatalog` text for the code | static `ErrorCatalog` text for the code |

The three surfaces never diverge. An integrator can rely on either the polled GET or the webhook payload as the source of truth.

### Pausing an Endpoint

Set `active: false` (via `PATCH /v2/webhooks/endpoints/:id`) to stop receiving new deliveries on an endpoint. The endpoint is excluded from event fan-out — no new deliveries are enqueued. In-flight deliveries already queued at the moment of the flip continue to retry per the [retry schedule](#retries) and are not cancelled. Flip back to `active: true` to resume receiving new deliveries.

## Best Practices

* **Respond quickly.** Return a 2xx status within 5 seconds. Process the event asynchronously after acknowledging receipt.
* **Deduplicate.** Use the event `id` to detect and skip duplicate deliveries.
* **Verify signatures.** Always validate `X-Conduit-Signature` before processing the payload.
* **Handle unknown events.** Your endpoint may receive new event types as the API evolves. Return 2xx for events you don't recognize — don't reject them.
* **Use HTTPS.** Webhook endpoint URLs must use HTTPS.

***

## application.approved

Fired when a customer onboarding application is approved. Paired with customer.created (same applicationId, customerId, clientReferenceId); dedupe on (applicationId, customerId) if your handler reacts to either. Idempotent re-approval of an already-approved application does not re-emit the pair.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "application.approved",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-onboarding-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type   | Required | Description                                      |
| ------------------- | ------ | -------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| `applicationId`     | string | Yes      | Unique ID of the approved application.           |
| `customerId`        | string | Yes      | Customer created by this application.            |
| `clientReferenceId` | string | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided. |

## application.rejected

Fired when a customer onboarding application is rejected

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "application.rejected",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": null,
    "reason": "Application does not meet compliance requirements",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-onboarding-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                              | Required | Description                                                                                                            |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `applicationId`     | string                                            | Yes      | Unique ID of the rejected application.                                                                                 |
| `customerId`        | string \| null                                    | Yes      | Customer associated with this application, if one was created.                                                         |
| `failureCode`       | enum: "REJECTED\_BY\_OPS" \| "COMPLIANCE\_DENIED" | No       | Machine-readable failure code identifying the rejection category. Mirrors `failureCode` on `GET /v2/applications/:id`. |
| `failureMessage`    | string                                            | No       | Human-readable message intended for display to your end user, if provided.                                             |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                            | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                       |

## crypto\_wallet.completed

Fired when the customer's end user has finished onboarding their non-custodial wallets and the wallets are ready to receive funds. Carries the wallet IDs so you can use them immediately without polling GET /v2/customers/:id/wallets.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "crypto_wallet.completed",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t"
  }
}
```

| Field        | Type   | Required | Description                                            |
| ------------ | ------ | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
| `customerId` | string | Yes      | Customer whose crypto wallet onboarding has completed. |

## customer\_update.approved

Fired when a customer update application is approved

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "customer_update.approved",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-update-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type   | Required | Description                                            |
| ------------------- | ------ | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
| `applicationId`     | string | Yes      | Unique ID of the approved customer update application. |
| `customerId`        | string | Yes      | Customer whose profile was updated.                    |
| `clientReferenceId` | string | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.       |

## customer\_update.rejected

Fired when a customer update application is rejected

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "customer_update.rejected",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "reason": "Application does not meet compliance requirements",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-update-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                              | Required | Description                                                                |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `applicationId`     | string                                            | Yes      | Unique ID of the rejected customer update application.                     |
| `customerId`        | string                                            | Yes      | Customer whose update was rejected.                                        |
| `failureCode`       | enum: "REJECTED\_BY\_OPS" \| "COMPLIANCE\_DENIED" | No       | Machine-readable failure code identifying the rejection category.          |
| `failureMessage`    | string                                            | No       | Human-readable message intended for display to your end user, if provided. |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                            | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                           |

## customer.created

Fired when a customer is created after onboarding approval. Paired with application.approved on the first approval (same applicationId, customerId, clientReferenceId); on idempotent re-approval the customer already exists so the pair is not re-emitted. Dedupe on (applicationId, customerId) if your handler reacts to either.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "customer.created",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-onboarding-001",
    "customerType": "business"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                             | Required | Description                                                         |
| ------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `customerId`        | string                           | Yes      | Unique ID of the newly created customer.                            |
| `applicationId`     | string                           | Yes      | Onboarding application that triggered customer creation.            |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                           | No       | Caller-supplied external reference from the onboarding application. |
| `customerType`      | enum: "business" \| "individual" | Yes      | Whether the customer is an individual or a business.                |

## order.cancelled

Fired when a pending order is cancelled — either by the sweep job (reason=expired, when lock\_expires\_at elapses) or by the client (reason=client\_cancelled, via POST /v2/orders/:id/cancel).

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "order.cancelled",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "orderId": "ord_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-order-1",
    "reason": "client_cancelled",
    "cancelledAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                   | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                         |
| ------------------- | -------------------------------------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `orderId`           | string                                 | Yes      | Unique ID of the cancelled order.                                                                                                                                                   |
| `customerId`        | string                                 | Yes      | Customer who placed this order.                                                                                                                                                     |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                 | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                    |
| `reason`            | enum: "expired" \| "client\_cancelled" | Yes      | Whether the order was cancelled by the client (`client_cancelled`) or expired due to elapsed lock time (`expired`). Matches the `cancellationReason` field on `GET /v2/orders/:id`. |
| `cancelledAt`       | string                                 | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the order was cancelled.                                                                                                                                    |

## order.created

Fired when an order is created via POST `/v2/orders`. The order is in `pending` status with the rate locked until `lockExpiresAt`. The order will not move funds until it is executed — either explicitly via POST `/v2/orders/:id/execute`, or automatically by the platform when source funds land (if `autoExecute` is true). If the lock expires while the order is still pending and unclaimed, the expiry sweep cancels it and `order.cancelled` fires with `reason: expired`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "order.created",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "orderId": "ord_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-order-1",
    "type": "onramp",
    "sourceAssetAmount": {
      "code": "USD",
      "amount": "10000.00"
    },
    "destinationAssetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "9995.000000"
    },
    "lockExpiresAt": "2026-01-15T11:30:00.000Z",
    "autoExecute": true,
    "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field                           | Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Required | Description                                                                                                                                    |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `orderId`                       | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Unique ID of the created order.                                                                                                                |
| `customerId`                    | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Customer who placed this order.                                                                                                                |
| `clientReferenceId`             | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                               |
| `type`                          | enum: "onramp" \| "offramp"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | Direction of the conversion (onramp or offramp).                                                                                               |
| `sourceAssetAmount`             | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Source asset and amount that will be debited from the customer when the order executes.                                                        |
| `sourceAssetAmount.code`        | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                                                                                                   |
| `sourceAssetAmount.chain`       | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat.                                                                                            |
| `sourceAssetAmount.amount`      | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Decimal string, asset-precision rounded                                                                                                        |
| `destinationAssetAmount`        | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Destination asset and amount the customer will receive when the order executes.                                                                |
| `destinationAssetAmount.code`   | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                                                                                                   |
| `destinationAssetAmount.chain`  | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat.                                                                                            |
| `destinationAssetAmount.amount` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Decimal string, asset-precision rounded                                                                                                        |
| `lockExpiresAt`                 | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the order's rate lock expires; after this unclaimed pending orders are eligible for auto-cancel with reason `expired`. |
| `autoExecute`                   | boolean                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | Yes      | Whether the order will auto-execute when source funds land (true) or requires an explicit POST `/v2/orders/:id/execute` (false).               |
| `createdAt`                     | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the order was created.                                                                                                 |

## order.failed

Fired when an order cannot execute or execution reaches a terminal failure. This includes pending auto-execute ONRAMP orders whose fiat source deposit terminates without crediting the customer — frozen, returned, or terminated before credit (e.g. sender-info timeout). `reasonCode` identifies the customer-facing failure category: `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` (source funds insufficient at execution time), `PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE` (transient rail/provider unavailability — retry may succeed), `PROVIDER_REJECTED` (provider or screening declined the leg, including source-deposit rejection on auto-execute ONRAMP orders; retry will not help — submit with a different recipient or funding source), `INTERNAL_ERROR` (Conduit-side failure — contact support), `CANCELLED` (execution cancelled mid-flight).

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "order.failed",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "orderId": "ord_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-order-1",
    "reasonCode": "PROVIDER_REJECTED",
    "failedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                                                                                               | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `orderId`           | string                                                                                                             | Yes      | Unique ID of the order that failed to execute.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `customerId`        | string                                                                                                             | Yes      | Customer who placed this order.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                                                                                             | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `reasonCode`        | enum: "INSUFFICIENT\_FUNDS" \| "PROVIDER\_UNAVAILABLE" \| "PROVIDER\_REJECTED" \| "INTERNAL\_ERROR" \| "CANCELLED" | Yes      | Public failure category. `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` (source funds insufficient at execution time), `PROVIDER_UNAVAILABLE` (transient provider/rail unavailability — retry may succeed), `PROVIDER_REJECTED` (provider or screening declined the leg, including source-deposit rejection on auto-execute ONRAMP orders; retry will not help — submit with a different recipient or funding source), `INTERNAL_ERROR` (Conduit-side failure — contact support), `CANCELLED` (execution cancelled mid-flight). |
| `failureMessage`    | string                                                                                                             | No       | Human-readable description of `reasonCode`. Defaults to the public error catalog text for the code. Sandbox simulators (e.g. the `reason` body on `orders/:id/simulate/conversion-failed`) and the counterparty travel-rule channel may pass through the operator/counterparty-supplied reason instead. The counterparty channel applies in both live and sandbox builds; raw provider/compliance text from other vendors is scrubbed at the same boundary that scrubs `reasonCode`.                  |
| `failedAt`          | string                                                                                                             | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when execution failure was recorded.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |

## order.succeeded

Fired when an order completes successfully — the source amount has been debited from the customer and the destination amount has been credited and is available to spend. Carries the spawned `transactionId` (and `txHash` when a chain leg ran) so integrators can reconcile and link back to the underlying transaction without a GET round-trip.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "order.succeeded",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "orderId": "ord_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-order-1",
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "txHash": "0x7e0fb8d288a8d0058c6940f9327592f543415065a9180728688b51e0da44481c",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "status": "succeeded",
    "sourceAssetAmount": {
      "code": "USD",
      "amount": "10000.00"
    },
    "destinationAssetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "9995.000000"
    },
    "totalDebit": {
      "code": "USD",
      "amount": "10010.00"
    },
    "payoutAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "9995.000000"
    },
    "fees": [
      {
        "type": "fixed",
        "assetAmount": {
          "code": "USD",
          "amount": "10.00"
        }
      }
    ],
    "succeededAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
    "executionTrigger": "client"
  }
}
```

| Field                           | Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `orderId`                       | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Unique ID of the succeeded order.                                                                                                                                             |
| `clientReferenceId`             | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                              |
| `transactionId`                 | string \| null                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | Yes      | ID of the `transactions` row this order spawned. Use to GET the underlying transaction for per-leg detail.                                                                    |
| `txHash`                        | string \| null                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | Yes      | On-chain transaction hash from the order's chain leg (destination leg for ONRAMP, source leg for OFFRAMP). Null when the order has no chain leg or the hash is not yet known. |
| `customerId`                    | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Customer who placed this order.                                                                                                                                               |
| `status`                        | "succeeded"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | Terminal status. Always `succeeded` on this event; failures fire `order.failed` instead.                                                                                      |
| `sourceAssetAmount`             | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Conversion principal in source-asset terms (excludes the fee). `totalDebit = sourceAssetAmount + fees` is what's actually debited from the customer.                          |
| `sourceAssetAmount.code`        | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                                                                                                                                  |
| `sourceAssetAmount.chain`       | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat.                                                                                                                           |
| `sourceAssetAmount.amount`      | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Decimal string, asset-precision rounded                                                                                                                                       |
| `destinationAssetAmount`        | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Destination asset and amount credited to the customer (equals `sourceAssetAmount × rate`).                                                                                    |
| `destinationAssetAmount.code`   | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                                                                                                                                  |
| `destinationAssetAmount.chain`  | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat.                                                                                                                           |
| `destinationAssetAmount.amount` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Decimal string, asset-precision rounded                                                                                                                                       |
| `totalDebit`                    | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Total amount debited from the customer in source-asset terms (`sourceAssetAmount + fees`).                                                                                    |
| `totalDebit.code`               | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                                                                                                                                  |
| `totalDebit.chain`              | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat.                                                                                                                           |
| `totalDebit.amount`             | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Decimal string, asset-precision rounded                                                                                                                                       |
| `payoutAmount`                  | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Alias for `destinationAssetAmount`; kept for reconciliation tooling that pre-dates the symmetric amount semantics.                                                            |
| `payoutAmount.code`             | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                                                                                                                                  |
| `payoutAmount.chain`            | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat.                                                                                                                           |
| `payoutAmount.amount`           | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Decimal string, asset-precision rounded                                                                                                                                       |
| `fees`                          | array of object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Yes      | Fee components applied to this order.                                                                                                                                         |
| `succeededAt`                   | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the order finished executing.                                                                                                                         |
| `executionTrigger`              | enum: "client" \| "auto"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Yes      | Whether execution was triggered by the client or automatically by the platform.                                                                                               |

## organization.activated

Fired when an organization is activated

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "organization.activated",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "organizationName": "Acme Corp"
  }
}
```

| Field              | Type   | Required | Description                                          |
| ------------------ | ------ | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| `organizationName` | string | Yes      | Display name of the organization that was activated. |

## organization.approved

Fired when an organization onboarding application is approved

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "organization.approved",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-org-onboarding-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type   | Required | Description                                                    |
| ------------------- | ------ | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `applicationId`     | string | Yes      | Unique ID of the approved organization onboarding application. |
| `clientReferenceId` | string | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.               |

## organization.rejected

Fired when an organization onboarding application is rejected

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "organization.rejected",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "reason": "Application does not meet compliance requirements",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-org-onboarding-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type   | Required | Description                                                    |
| ------------------- | ------ | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `applicationId`     | string | Yes      | Unique ID of the rejected organization onboarding application. |
| `reason`            | string | No       | Human-readable rejection reason, if provided.                  |
| `clientReferenceId` | string | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.               |

## transaction.awaiting\_sender\_information

Fired when a deposit is parked waiting for sender information for the source address. Payload carries the sourceAddress and an expiresAt deadline — after which the deposit auto-rejects. Chain is on assetAmount.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.awaiting_sender_information",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-deposit-1",
    "sourceAddress": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b844bc9e7595f0beb1",
    "assetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "1000.000000"
    },
    "detectedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
    "occurredAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
    "expiresAt": "2026-02-14T09:30:00.000Z",
    "daysRemaining": 30,
    "deadlineAt": "2026-02-14T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field                | Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| -------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transactionId`      | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Unique ID of the parked deposit transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `customerId`         | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Customer who received the deposit.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `clientReferenceId`  | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `sourceAddress`      | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Normalized sender address the fintech must register.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `assetAmount`        | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Amount and asset of the parked deposit.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `assetAmount.code`   | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `assetAmount.chain`  | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `assetAmount.amount` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Decimal string, asset-precision rounded                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `detectedAt`         | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the deposit was first detected on-chain.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `occurredAt`         | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the deposit was parked because the source address was not registered.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `expiresAt`          | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 deadline — deposit auto-freezes if address is not registered by this time.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `daysRemaining`      | integer \| null                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Yes      | Days remaining before the sender-info deadline. Re-emitted as the deadline approaches with the updated value; null on the final terminal-reached emission.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `deadlineAt`         | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp of the customer-facing deadline for providing sender information. Once exceeded, the deposit is terminated with failureCode SENDER\_INFO\_TIMEOUT. In live builds this is the real 30-day deadline. In sandbox builds the deadline is compressed (default 30 seconds via SANDBOX\_SENDER\_INFO\_DEADLINE\_MS) but this field still reflects the live-equivalent 30-day deadline so SDK consumers see the contract a live customer would receive. |

## transaction.awaiting\_user\_signature

Fired once per payout when the customer's signing roster must approve before broadcast. Payload carries the single shared verificationUrl (Conduit-hosted approval page distributed by the fintech to its signers), expiresAt, and attempt. In Phase 0 the attempt field is always 1; the rebuild-on-expiry path that would increment it ships in a follow-up — the field is kept on the payload for forward-compat. After expiresAt the payout auto-fails with USER\_SIGNATURE\_TIMEOUT.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.awaiting_user_signature",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-payout-1",
    "assetAmount": {
      "code": "USDC",
      "chain": "ethereum",
      "amount": "1000.000000"
    },
    "destinationAddress": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b844bc9e7595f0beb1",
    "verificationUrl": "https://verify.conduit.financial/verify/vtok_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "requiredApprovals": 2,
    "occurredAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
    "expiresAt": "2026-01-15T09:45:00.000Z",
    "attempt": 1
  }
}
```

| Field                | Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| -------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transactionId`      | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Unique ID of the parked payout transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `customerId`         | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Customer initiating the payout.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `clientReferenceId`  | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `assetAmount`        | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Amount and asset of the pending payout.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `assetAmount.code`   | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `assetAmount.chain`  | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat.                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `assetAmount.amount` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Decimal string, asset-precision rounded                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `destinationAddress` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | On-chain destination address for the payout.                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `verificationUrl`    | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Conduit-hosted URL the fintech routes the user to for approval.                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `requiredApprovals`  | integer                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | Yes      | M — business-signer stamps required to authorize, frozen at prepare time.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `occurredAt`         | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the payout was parked awaiting the user's signature.                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `expiresAt`          | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 deadline — payout auto-fails if the user does not sign by this time.                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `attempt`            | integer                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | Yes      | Re-issue counter for the signing link. In Phase 0 always 1 — the rebuild-on-expiry path that would increment it ships in a follow-up. The field is kept on the payload for forward-compat so future consumers can dedupe redeliveries without a schema change. |

## transaction.cancelled

Fired when a transaction is cancelled before reaching its terminal-completed state. Distinct from `transaction.failed`: a cancelled transaction is not a failure; the client (or, in the future, an expiry sweep) terminated it intentionally. `cancellationReason` is `client_cancelled` when the client called `POST /v2/payouts/:id/cancel`. Reserved value `expired` is published when the underlying lock window elapses (future). The payload intentionally has no `failureCode`/`failureMessage`. Shares the cancellation semantics and `cancellationReason` vocabulary with `order.cancelled` (the payload itself is transaction-shaped: `transactionId` + nested `source`/`destination`).

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.cancelled",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-payout-1",
    "type": "withdrawal",
    "source": {
      "type": "virtual_account",
      "virtualAccountId": "vac_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "USD",
        "amount": "1000.00"
      }
    },
    "destination": {
      "type": "external_bank",
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "us",
        "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
        "firstName": "Jane",
        "lastName": "Doe",
        "accountNumber": "0123456789",
        "routingNumber": "021000021",
        "accountType": "CHECKING",
        "bankAddress": {
          "addressLine1": "1 Main St",
          "city": "NYC",
          "country": "USA"
        },
        "phone": "+15551234",
        "postalAddress": {
          "addressLine1": "1 Main St",
          "city": "NYC",
          "country": "USA"
        }
      },
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "USD",
        "amount": "1000.00"
      }
    },
    "cancellationReason": "client_cancelled",
    "cancelledAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field                | Type                                                                                                                    | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| -------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `transactionId`      | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | Unique ID of the cancelled transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| `customerId`         | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | Customer associated with this transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `clientReferenceId`  | string                                                                                                                  | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `type`               | enum: "deposit" \| "withdrawal" \| "onramp" \| "offramp"                                                                | Yes      | Transaction type. Same value as on `transaction.created`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `source`             | object (one of: wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown) | Yes      | Source side of the cancelled transaction — same nested shape as GET /v2/transactions/:id.                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `destination`        | object (one of: wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown) | Yes      | Destination side of the cancelled transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `cancellationReason` | enum: "expired" \| "client\_cancelled"                                                                                  | Yes      | Whether the transaction was cancelled by the client (`client_cancelled`) — today the only path that publishes this event — or, in the future, expired (`expired`). Matches the `cancellationReason` field on `GET /v2/transactions/:id`. Mirrors `order.cancelled`'s `reason` field. |
| `cancelledAt`        | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the transaction was cancelled.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `linkedOrderId`      | string                                                                                                                  | No       | Present on chained transactions (a Withdrawal spawned from an Order's `autoPayout`). Joins back to the parent Order so cross-leg reconciliation works on cancel, same as on `transaction.created`. Absent on standalone payouts.                                                     |

## transaction.completed

Fired when a transaction completes successfully. `source` and `destination` carry the same nested shape as `GET /v2/transactions/:id`. The settlement reference lives inside the relevant side variant: `external_crypto.txHash` for crypto rails, and on `external_bank` the real wire references as typed fields — `swiftUetr`, `fedwireImad`, `fedwireOmad`, `achTraceNumber`, `rtpTransactionId`, `fedNowMessageId` — each present only when the network exposes it (on-us transfers carry none). Fiat payout events include the selected rail for reconciliation on `payout.rail`.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.completed",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-payout-1",
    "type": "withdrawal",
    "status": "completed",
    "source": {
      "type": "virtual_account",
      "virtualAccountId": "vac_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "USD",
        "amount": "1000.00"
      }
    },
    "destination": {
      "type": "external_bank",
      "recipient": {
        "rail": "us",
        "type": "INDIVIDUAL",
        "firstName": "Jane",
        "lastName": "Doe",
        "accountNumber": "0123456789",
        "routingNumber": "021000021",
        "accountType": "CHECKING",
        "bankAddress": {
          "addressLine1": "1 Main St",
          "city": "NYC",
          "country": "USA"
        },
        "phone": "+15551234",
        "postalAddress": {
          "addressLine1": "1 Main St",
          "city": "NYC",
          "country": "USA"
        }
      },
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "USD",
        "amount": "1000.00"
      },
      "fedwireImad": "20260616MMQFMP9C000123"
    },
    "payout": {
      "rail": "fedwire"
    },
    "completedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field                      | Type                                                                                                                    | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| -------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transactionId`            | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | Unique ID of the completed transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `customerId`               | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | Customer associated with this transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `clientReferenceId`        | string                                                                                                                  | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `type`                     | enum: "deposit" \| "withdrawal" \| "onramp" \| "offramp"                                                                | Yes      | Transaction type.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `status`                   | "completed"                                                                                                             | Yes      | Terminal status. Always `completed` on this event; failures fire `transaction.failed` instead.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `source`                   | object (one of: wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown) | Yes      | Source side of the transaction — same nested shape as GET /v2/transactions/:id. On crypto rails the on-chain settlement hash lives inside the matching `external_crypto.txHash`; on fiat rails the real wire references are typed fields on the matching `external_bank` (`swiftUetr`, `fedwireImad`, `fedwireOmad`, `achTraceNumber`, `rtpTransactionId`, `fedNowMessageId`), present only when the network exposes one. |
| `destination`              | object (one of: wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown) | Yes      | Destination side of the transaction. See `source` for the settlement-reference placement rule.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `payout`                   | object                                                                                                                  | No       | Payout rail metadata. Present only for outbound transactions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `payout.rail`              | enum: "fedwire" \| "rtp" \| "fednow" \| "swift" \| null                                                                 | Yes      | Fiat payment rail used, if applicable. Null for crypto payouts.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `completedAt`              | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the transaction completed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `matchableOrders`          | array of object                                                                                                         | No       | Pending orders that can execute against the deposited funds. Only populated for inbound DEPOSIT transactions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `matchableOrdersTruncated` | boolean                                                                                                                 | No       | True when the matchable orders list was truncated due to size limits.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |

## transaction.created

Fired when a new transaction is initiated. `source` and `destination` carry the same nested shape as `GET /v2/transactions/:id` — discriminated by `type` (wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown) and each variant carries its own `assetAmount`. Chained transactions (a Withdrawal spawned from an Order's `autoPayout`) carry `linkedOrderId` referencing the parent Order; absent on all other transactions.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.created",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-payout-1",
    "type": "deposit",
    "source": {
      "type": "external_crypto",
      "address": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b8d4c9c2c7a3b3d7e1",
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "ETH",
        "chain": "ethereum",
        "amount": "0.500000000000000000"
      }
    },
    "destination": {
      "type": "wallet",
      "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "address": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b844bc9e7595f2bd18",
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "ETH",
        "chain": "ethereum",
        "amount": "0.500000000000000000"
      }
    },
    "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                                                                                                    | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| ------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transactionId`     | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | Unique ID of the transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `customerId`        | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | Customer who initiated or received this transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                                                                                                  | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `type`              | enum: "deposit" \| "withdrawal" \| "onramp" \| "offramp"                                                                | Yes      | Transaction type.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `source`            | object (one of: wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown) | Yes      | Source side of the transaction — the variant matches the GET /v2/transactions/:id shape (wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown). Includes `assetAmount` (amount + asset code/chain). |
| `destination`       | object (one of: wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown) | Yes      | Destination side of the transaction — same shape as `source`. The variant determines which counterparty details are populated (wallet, virtual account with optional wireReceive, external crypto address, external bank recipient).                  |
| `linkedOrderId`     | string                                                                                                                  | No       | Present on chained Withdrawals spawned from an Order's autoPayout; points at the parent Order id. Absent on all other transactions.                                                                                                                   |
| `createdAt`         | string                                                                                                                  | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the transaction was created.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |

## transaction.failed

Fired when a transaction reaches a terminal failed state. `source` and `destination` carry the same nested shape as `GET /v2/transactions/:id`. The payload carries a `failureCode` your integration can branch on:

* `USER_SIGNATURE_*` / `CRYPTO_WALLET_MISCONFIGURED` — recoverable: submit a new transaction.
* `PROVIDER_REJECTED` — chain RPC or sandbox-scenario declined the broadcast; `failureMessage` carries the operator/scenario-supplied reason when the underlying message was marked for public surfacing (sandbox/scenario paths). Live provider diagnostics are gated off the public surface. Adjust inputs (e.g. destination address, amount) and retry.
* `TRAVEL_RULE_REJECTED` — counterparty VASP rejected the travel-rule transfer; `failureMessage` carries the counterparty's reason when supplied. Not retryable without coordinating with the receiving institution.
* `COMPLIANCE_HOLD` / `COMPLIANCE_REVIEW_REJECTED` — compliance review required; not retryable without investigation.
* `RETURNED_BY_SENDER` — fiat sender reversed the inbound transfer, or compliance marked the deposit returned before credit.
* `RAIL_POLICY_REJECTED` / `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_AT_SETTLE` / `RAIL_UNAVAILABLE` — payment-rail failure; adjust amount, recipient, or rail and retry.
* `SENDER_INFO_TIMEOUT` — sender-info gate timed out; submit with sender details included.
  When `failureCode` is absent the failure has no actionable code — contact support. Order-level failures (including conversion provider unavailability) surface on `order.failed` with a `reasonCode`, not here.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.failed",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-payout-1",
    "type": "withdrawal",
    "source": {
      "type": "wallet",
      "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
      "address": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b844bc9e7595f2bd18",
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "USDC",
        "chain": "ethereum",
        "amount": "100.000000"
      }
    },
    "destination": {
      "type": "external_crypto",
      "address": "0x9abc456789defabcdef0123456789abcdef01234",
      "assetAmount": {
        "code": "USDC",
        "chain": "ethereum",
        "amount": "100.000000"
      }
    },
    "failureCode": "USER_SIGNATURE_DECLINED",
    "failureMessage": "The customer declined the payout from the approval page. No funds were moved.",
    "failedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transactionId`     | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | Yes      | Unique ID of the failed transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `customerId`        | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | Yes      | Customer associated with this transaction.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `type`              | enum: "deposit" \| "withdrawal" \| "onramp" \| "offramp"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Yes      | Transaction type. Same value as on `transaction.created`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `source`            | object (one of: wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | Yes      | Source side of the failed transaction — same nested shape as GET /v2/transactions/:id. Populated even on terminal failures so the payload is self-contained.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `destination`       | object (one of: wallet, virtual\_account, external\_crypto, external\_bank, external\_bank\_inbound, external\_unknown)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | Yes      | Destination side of the failed transaction. May surface as `external_unknown` when failure occurred before counterparty resolution.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `failureCode`       | enum: "USER\_SIGNATURE\_TIMEOUT" \| "USER\_SIGNATURE\_DECLINED" \| "USER\_SIGNATURE\_REJECTED\_BY\_PROVIDER" \| "CRYPTO\_WALLET\_MISCONFIGURED" \| "COMPLIANCE\_HOLD" \| "COMPLIANCE\_REVIEW\_REJECTED" \| "COMPLIANCE\_REJECTED" \| "RETURNED\_BY\_SENDER" \| "RAIL\_POLICY\_REJECTED" \| "INSUFFICIENT\_FUNDS\_AT\_SETTLE" \| "RAIL\_UNAVAILABLE" \| "SENDER\_INFO\_TIMEOUT" \| "TRAVEL\_RULE\_REJECTED" \| "PROVIDER\_REJECTED" \| "CHAIN\_BROADCAST\_FAILED" \| "ROSTER\_CHANGED" | No       | Machine-readable failure code identifying the cause (e.g. USER\_SIGNATURE\_TIMEOUT, PROVIDER\_REJECTED, TRAVEL\_RULE\_REJECTED). Present when the failure has a recoverable cause the integration can act on. When absent, the payout cannot be completed and retrying will not help — contact support if recovery is needed.                                                               |
| `failureMessage`    | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | No       | Human-readable description of `failureCode`. Defaults to the public error catalog text for the code. Sandbox simulators and the counterparty travel-rule channel may pass through the operator/counterparty-supplied reason instead (the counterparty channel applies in both live and sandbox builds; raw provider/compliance text from other vendors is scrubbed at the public boundary). |
| `payout`            | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | No       | Payout rail metadata. Present only for outbound transactions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `payout.rail`       | enum: "fedwire" \| "rtp" \| "fednow" \| "swift" \| null                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | Yes      | Fiat payment rail used, if applicable. Null for crypto payouts.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `failedAt`          | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the transaction failed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |

## transaction.quorum\_met

Fired when all required signer stamps are in (`collected >= required`). Conduit's compliance step runs next and is the final gate before broadcast.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.quorum_met",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-payout-1"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type   | Required | Description                                       |
| ------------------- | ------ | -------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| `transactionId`     | string | Yes      | ID of the transaction that reached signer quorum. |
| `customerId`        | string | Yes      | Customer associated with the transaction.         |
| `clientReferenceId` | string | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.  |

## transaction.rejected

Fired when a compliance reviewer rejects the supporting document on an accepted payout, before execution. Terminal: funds are returned to the available balance. Resubmit a new payout with an acceptable document (see acceptedDocumentTypes) and a fresh idempotency key.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.rejected",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-payout-1",
    "type": "withdrawal",
    "status": "failed",
    "reasonCategory": "document_inadequate",
    "acceptedDocumentTypes": [
      "bank_verification_letter",
      "invoice",
      "contract",
      "payroll_register",
      "investment_agreement",
      "other"
    ],
    "rejectedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field                   | Type                                                                                                                                | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                |
| ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `transactionId`         | string                                                                                                                              | Yes      | Unique ID of the rejected payout.                                                                                                                          |
| `customerId`            | string                                                                                                                              | Yes      | Customer who initiated this payout.                                                                                                                        |
| `clientReferenceId`     | string                                                                                                                              | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                           |
| `type`                  | "withdrawal"                                                                                                                        | Yes      | Always `withdrawal` — only payouts are subject to document review.                                                                                         |
| `status`                | "failed"                                                                                                                            | Yes      | Public terminal status. Always `failed` on this event; the payout is terminal and funds are returned.                                                      |
| `reasonCategory`        | enum: "document\_inadequate"                                                                                                        | Yes      | Machine-readable rejection category. `document_inadequate` — the submitted document could not satisfy the compliance requirement.                          |
| `acceptedDocumentTypes` | array of enum: "bank\_verification\_letter" \| "invoice" \| "contract" \| "payroll\_register" \| "investment\_agreement" \| "other" | Yes      | Supporting-document types accepted as evidence on a resubmitted payout. Attach a document of one of these types and resubmit with a fresh idempotency key. |
| `rejectedAt`            | string                                                                                                                              | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the document review rejection was recorded.                                                                                        |

## transaction.signature\_collected

Fired once per signer stamp collected on a multi-signer payout. Track `collected` / `required` to drive a progress UI; once `collected >= required`, `transaction.quorum_met` follows.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "transaction.signature_collected",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "transactionId": "txn_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-payout-1",
    "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "collected": 1,
    "required": 2
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type    | Required | Description                                        |
| ------------------- | ------- | -------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `transactionId`     | string  | Yes      | ID of the transaction being signed.                |
| `customerId`        | string  | Yes      | Customer associated with the transaction.          |
| `clientReferenceId` | string  | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.   |
| `walletSignerId`    | string  | Yes      | ID of the signer whose stamp was just collected.   |
| `collected`         | integer | Yes      | Count of distinct signer stamps gathered so far.   |
| `required`          | integer | Yes      | Total signer stamps required (`signingThreshold`). |

## virtual\_account\_application.approved

Fired when a virtual account application is approved

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "virtual_account_application.approved",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "asset": {
      "code": "USD"
    },
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-va-app-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Required | Description                                            |
| ------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
| `applicationId`     | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Unique ID of the approved virtual account application. |
| `customerId`        | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Customer who owns this virtual account application.    |
| `asset`             | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Asset the virtual account will hold.                   |
| `asset.code`        | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                           |
| `asset.chain`       | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat     |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.       |

## virtual\_account\_application.rejected

Fired when a virtual account application is rejected

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "virtual_account_application.rejected",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "applicationId": "app_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "asset": {
      "code": "USD"
    },
    "reason": "Application does not meet compliance requirements",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-va-app-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Required | Description                                                                |
| ------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `applicationId`     | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Unique ID of the rejected virtual account application.                     |
| `customerId`        | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Customer who owns this virtual account application.                        |
| `asset`             | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Asset the virtual account would have held.                                 |
| `asset.code`        | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                                               |
| `asset.chain`       | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat                         |
| `failureCode`       | enum: "REJECTED\_BY\_OPS" \| "COMPLIANCE\_DENIED"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | No       | Machine-readable failure code identifying the rejection category.          |
| `failureMessage`    | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | No       | Human-readable message intended for display to your end user, if provided. |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                           |

## virtual\_account.activated

Fired when a virtual account is activated

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "virtual_account.activated",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "virtualAccountId": "vac_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "asset": {
      "code": "USD"
    },
    "activatedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z"
  }
}
```

| Field              | Type                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Required | Description                                                |
| ------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| `virtualAccountId` | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Unique ID of the now-active virtual account.               |
| `customerId`       | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Customer who owns this virtual account.                    |
| `asset`            | object                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | Asset this virtual account holds.                          |
| `asset.code`       | enum: "USD" \| "EUR" \| "GBP" \| "CHF" \| "JPY" \| "CAD" \| "AUD" \| "NZD" \| "SGD" \| "HKD" \| "CNY" \| "KRW" \| "INR" \| "BRL" \| "MXN" \| "ARS" \| "CLP" \| "COP" \| "PEN" \| "ZAR" \| "NGN" \| "KES" \| "GHS" \| "EGP" \| "AED" \| "SAR" \| "ILS" \| "TRY" \| "PLN" \| "CZK" \| "HUF" \| "SEK" \| "NOK" \| "DKK" \| "THB" \| "IDR" \| "MYR" \| "PHP" \| "VND" \| "TWD" \| "USDC" \| "USDT" \| "DAI" \| "EURC" \| "PYUSD" \| "BTC" \| "ETH" \| "SOL" \| "TRX" | Yes      | Asset code (USDC, USD, etc.)                               |
| `asset.chain`      | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | No       | Chain when the asset is on-chain; omitted for fiat         |
| `activatedAt`      | string                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the virtual account became active. |

## wallet\_signer.added

Fired when a wallet signer row is created on the roster (immediately at invite time, status PENDING\_ACTIVATION) — co-emitted with `wallet_signer.invited` from the same outbox transaction. Distinct from `wallet_signer.invited` (which carries the verification URL) and `wallet_signer.enrolled` (sent later when the signer completes credential enrollment).

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "wallet_signer.added",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "email": "signer@example.com",
    "role": "signer",
    "credentialType": "passkey",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-signer-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                          | Required | Description                                      |
| ------------------- | ----------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| `customerId`        | string                        | Yes      | Customer the signer belongs to.                  |
| `walletSignerId`    | string                        | Yes      | Unique ID of the wallet signer.                  |
| `email`             | string                        | Yes      | Email address of the signer.                     |
| `role`              | enum: "admin" \| "signer"     | Yes      | Roster role of the signer.                       |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                        | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided. |
| `credentialType`    | enum: "passkey" \| "api\_key" | Yes      | Credential type the signer enrolled.             |

## wallet\_signer.demoted

Fired when an admin is demoted to signer via the two-step demote ceremony (root-quorum update + tag update). Validates min-2-admins floor before starting.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "wallet_signer.demoted",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "email": "signer@example.com",
    "role": "signer",
    "previousRole": "admin",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-signer-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                      | Required | Description                                      |
| ------------------- | ------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| `customerId`        | string                    | Yes      | Customer the signer belongs to.                  |
| `walletSignerId`    | string                    | Yes      | Unique ID of the wallet signer.                  |
| `email`             | string                    | Yes      | Email address of the signer.                     |
| `role`              | enum: "admin" \| "signer" | Yes      | Roster role of the signer.                       |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                    | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided. |
| `previousRole`      | "admin"                   | Yes      | Role the signer held before demotion.            |

## wallet\_signer.enrolled

Fired when a wallet signer completes credential enrollment via the verification URL. `passkeyCount` reflects the number of passkeys registered for passkey signers.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "wallet_signer.enrolled",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "email": "signer@example.com",
    "role": "signer",
    "passkeyCount": 1,
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-signer-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                      | Required | Description                                                                             |
| ------------------- | ------------------------- | -------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `customerId`        | string                    | Yes      | Customer the signer belongs to.                                                         |
| `walletSignerId`    | string                    | Yes      | Unique ID of the wallet signer.                                                         |
| `email`             | string                    | Yes      | Email address of the signer.                                                            |
| `role`              | enum: "admin" \| "signer" | Yes      | Roster role of the signer.                                                              |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                    | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                        |
| `passkeyCount`      | integer                   | No       | Number of passkeys the signer has enrolled. Present when `credentialType` is `passkey`. |

## wallet\_signer.invited

Fired when a wallet signer is invited to enroll their credential. Payload carries the per-signer enrollment verificationUrl the fintech distributes out-of-band, plus expiresAt — after which the invitation auto-expires.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "wallet_signer.invited",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "email": "signer@example.com",
    "name": "Jane Doe",
    "role": "signer",
    "credentialType": "passkey",
    "verificationUrl": "https://verify.conduit.financial/verify/vtok_3yLkG0nRc8wO5iM2qS4x9u",
    "expiresAt": "2026-01-22T09:30:00.000Z",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-signer-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                          | Required | Description                                                                                                          |
| ------------------- | ----------------------------- | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `customerId`        | string                        | Yes      | Customer the signer belongs to.                                                                                      |
| `walletSignerId`    | string                        | Yes      | Unique ID of the wallet signer.                                                                                      |
| `email`             | string                        | Yes      | Email address of the signer.                                                                                         |
| `role`              | enum: "admin" \| "signer"     | Yes      | Roster role of the signer.                                                                                           |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                        | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                     |
| `name`              | string                        | No       | Display name of the signer, if provided at invite time.                                                              |
| `credentialType`    | enum: "passkey" \| "api\_key" | Yes      | Credential type the signer will enroll.                                                                              |
| `verificationUrl`   | string                        | Yes      | Conduit-hosted enrollment URL the fintech routes the signer to. One URL per invited signer, distributed out-of-band. |
| `expiresAt`         | string                        | Yes      | ISO-8601 deadline — the invitation auto-expires if the signer has not enrolled by this time.                         |

## wallet\_signer.promoted

Fired when a wallet signer is promoted to admin via the two-step promote ceremony (tag update + root-quorum update). Requires the signer to have at least 2 passkeys enrolled.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "wallet_signer.promoted",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "email": "admin@example.com",
    "role": "admin",
    "previousRole": "signer",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-signer-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                      | Required | Description                                      |
| ------------------- | ------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| `customerId`        | string                    | Yes      | Customer the signer belongs to.                  |
| `walletSignerId`    | string                    | Yes      | Unique ID of the wallet signer.                  |
| `email`             | string                    | Yes      | Email address of the signer.                     |
| `role`              | enum: "admin" \| "signer" | Yes      | Roster role of the signer.                       |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                    | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided. |
| `previousRole`      | "signer"                  | Yes      | Role the signer held before promotion.           |

## wallet\_signer.removed

Fired when a wallet signer is removed from the roster. `reason` discriminates between customer-initiated removal (`customer_removed`) and internal ops removal (`ops_removed`). Pending payouts carrying the removed signer's stamp are voided with failureCode ROSTER\_CHANGED.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "wallet_signer.removed",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "walletSignerId": "wsg_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "email": "signer@example.com",
    "role": "signer",
    "reason": "customer_removed",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-signer-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                        | Required | Description                                                                                                            |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `customerId`        | string                                      | Yes      | Customer the signer belongs to.                                                                                        |
| `walletSignerId`    | string                                      | Yes      | Unique ID of the wallet signer.                                                                                        |
| `email`             | string                                      | Yes      | Email address of the signer.                                                                                           |
| `role`              | enum: "admin" \| "signer"                   | Yes      | Roster role of the signer.                                                                                             |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                      | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                       |
| `reason`            | enum: "customer\_removed" \| "ops\_removed" | Yes      | Whether the signer was removed by a customer admin (`customer_removed`) or via an internal ops action (`ops_removed`). |

## wallet.created

Fired when a crypto wallet is created

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "wallet.created",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "chain": "ethereum",
    "address": "0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b8d4c9c2c7a3b3d7e1",
    "custodyModel": "custodial",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-wallet-001"
  }
}
```

| Field               | Type                                                                                                                                        | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `walletId`          | string                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | Unique ID of the newly created wallet.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `customerId`        | string                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | Customer who owns this wallet.                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| `chain`             | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin" | Yes      | Blockchain network this wallet operates on.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `address`           | string                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | On-chain address of the wallet.                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `custodyModel`      | enum: "custodial" \| "non\_custodial"                                                                                                       | No       | Which side holds the signing key. `custodial` — Conduit signs on the customer's behalf; `non_custodial` — the customer co-signs each payout via the verify URL. Omitted when the custody model has not yet been determined. |
| `clientReferenceId` | string                                                                                                                                      | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                                                            |

## wallet.rotated

Fired when a crypto wallet is rotated

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "wallet.rotated",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "walletId": "wlt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "replacedByWalletId": "wlt_3yLkG0nRc8wO5iM2qS4x9u",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "chain": "ethereum",
    "custodyModel": "non_custodial",
    "rotatedAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
    "clientReferenceId": "ext-wallet-001"
  }
}
```

| Field                | Type                                                                                                                                        | Required | Description                                                                                                                                                                                |
| -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `walletId`           | string                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | Unique ID of the wallet that was rotated (now inactive).                                                                                                                                   |
| `replacedByWalletId` | string                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | Unique ID of the new wallet that replaced this one.                                                                                                                                        |
| `customerId`         | string                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | Customer who owns this wallet.                                                                                                                                                             |
| `chain`              | enum: "ethereum" \| "base" \| "solana" \| "polygon" \| "arbitrum" \| "optimism" \| "avalanche" \| "tron" \| "stellar" \| "bsc" \| "bitcoin" | Yes      | Blockchain network this wallet operates on.                                                                                                                                                |
| `custodyModel`       | enum: "custodial" \| "non\_custodial"                                                                                                       | No       | Which side holds the signing key on the replacement wallet (`replacedByWalletId`). `custodial` — Conduit signs; `non_custodial` — the customer co-signs each payout. Omitted when unknown. |
| `rotatedAt`          | string                                                                                                                                      | Yes      | ISO-8601 timestamp when the wallet was rotated.                                                                                                                                            |
| `clientReferenceId`  | string                                                                                                                                      | No       | Caller-supplied external reference, if provided.                                                                                                                                           |

## whitelist\_recipient.registered

Fired when compliance approves a pending intercompany whitelist registration. The recipient can now receive purpose=INTERCOMPANY payouts for this customer.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "whitelist_recipient.registered",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "whitelistRecipientId": "wlr_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "rail": "US",
    "relationship": "GROUP_ENTITY",
    "status": "registered",
    "holderName": "Acme Treasury Inc",
    "label": "acme-us-treasury"
  }
}
```

| Field                  | Type                                                                              | Required | Description                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `whitelistRecipientId` | string                                                                            | Yes      | Unique ID of the whitelist recipient entry.                                                                                    |
| `customerId`           | string                                                                            | Yes      | Customer who owns this whitelist entry.                                                                                        |
| `rail`                 | enum: "US" \| "SWIFT"                                                             | Yes      | Payment rail for this whitelist entry (US or SWIFT).                                                                           |
| `relationship`         | enum: "SELF" \| "GROUP\_ENTITY"                                                   | Yes      | Intercompany relationship between the customer and the recipient.                                                              |
| `status`               | enum: "pending\_review" \| "registered" \| "suspended" \| "revoked" \| "rejected" | Yes      | Current status of the whitelist entry. Matches the `status` field on `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/whitelist-recipients/:id`. |
| `holderName`           | string                                                                            | Yes      | Legal name of the account holder.                                                                                              |
| `label`                | string \| null                                                                    | Yes      | Optional caller-assigned label for this entry.                                                                                 |

## whitelist\_recipient.rejected

Fired when compliance rejects a pending registration.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "whitelist_recipient.rejected",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "whitelistRecipientId": "wlr_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "rail": "US",
    "relationship": "GROUP_ENTITY",
    "status": "rejected",
    "holderName": "Acme Treasury Inc",
    "label": "acme-us-treasury"
  }
}
```

| Field                  | Type                                                                              | Required | Description                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `whitelistRecipientId` | string                                                                            | Yes      | Unique ID of the whitelist recipient entry.                                                                                    |
| `customerId`           | string                                                                            | Yes      | Customer who owns this whitelist entry.                                                                                        |
| `rail`                 | enum: "US" \| "SWIFT"                                                             | Yes      | Payment rail for this whitelist entry (US or SWIFT).                                                                           |
| `relationship`         | enum: "SELF" \| "GROUP\_ENTITY"                                                   | Yes      | Intercompany relationship between the customer and the recipient.                                                              |
| `status`               | enum: "pending\_review" \| "registered" \| "suspended" \| "revoked" \| "rejected" | Yes      | Current status of the whitelist entry. Matches the `status` field on `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/whitelist-recipients/:id`. |
| `holderName`           | string                                                                            | Yes      | Legal name of the account holder.                                                                                              |
| `label`                | string \| null                                                                    | Yes      | Optional caller-assigned label for this entry.                                                                                 |

## whitelist\_recipient.revoked

Fired when an entry is revoked (terminal; client-initiated or compliance action).

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "whitelist_recipient.revoked",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "whitelistRecipientId": "wlr_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "rail": "US",
    "relationship": "GROUP_ENTITY",
    "status": "revoked",
    "holderName": "Acme Treasury Inc",
    "label": "acme-us-treasury"
  }
}
```

| Field                  | Type                                                                              | Required | Description                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `whitelistRecipientId` | string                                                                            | Yes      | Unique ID of the whitelist recipient entry.                                                                                    |
| `customerId`           | string                                                                            | Yes      | Customer who owns this whitelist entry.                                                                                        |
| `rail`                 | enum: "US" \| "SWIFT"                                                             | Yes      | Payment rail for this whitelist entry (US or SWIFT).                                                                           |
| `relationship`         | enum: "SELF" \| "GROUP\_ENTITY"                                                   | Yes      | Intercompany relationship between the customer and the recipient.                                                              |
| `status`               | enum: "pending\_review" \| "registered" \| "suspended" \| "revoked" \| "rejected" | Yes      | Current status of the whitelist entry. Matches the `status` field on `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/whitelist-recipients/:id`. |
| `holderName`           | string                                                                            | Yes      | Legal name of the account holder.                                                                                              |
| `label`                | string \| null                                                                    | Yes      | Optional caller-assigned label for this entry.                                                                                 |

## whitelist\_recipient.suspended

Fired when an active entry is suspended — it no longer satisfies INTERCOMPANY payouts.

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "evt_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
  "type": "whitelist_recipient.suspended",
  "createdAt": "2026-01-15T09:30:00.000Z",
  "apiVersion": "2",
  "mode": "live",
  "data": {
    "whitelistRecipientId": "wlr_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "customerId": "cus_2xKjF9mQb7vN4hL1pR3w8t",
    "rail": "US",
    "relationship": "GROUP_ENTITY",
    "status": "suspended",
    "holderName": "Acme Treasury Inc",
    "label": "acme-us-treasury"
  }
}
```

| Field                  | Type                                                                              | Required | Description                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `whitelistRecipientId` | string                                                                            | Yes      | Unique ID of the whitelist recipient entry.                                                                                    |
| `customerId`           | string                                                                            | Yes      | Customer who owns this whitelist entry.                                                                                        |
| `rail`                 | enum: "US" \| "SWIFT"                                                             | Yes      | Payment rail for this whitelist entry (US or SWIFT).                                                                           |
| `relationship`         | enum: "SELF" \| "GROUP\_ENTITY"                                                   | Yes      | Intercompany relationship between the customer and the recipient.                                                              |
| `status`               | enum: "pending\_review" \| "registered" \| "suspended" \| "revoked" \| "rejected" | Yes      | Current status of the whitelist entry. Matches the `status` field on `GET /v2/customers/:customerId/whitelist-recipients/:id`. |
| `holderName`           | string                                                                            | Yes      | Legal name of the account holder.                                                                                              |
| `label`                | string \| null                                                                    | Yes      | Optional caller-assigned label for this entry.                                                                                 |